Department of Education

Division of City Schools-Makati

Makati Science High School
School Year 2016 – 2017

Name:___________________________Yr & Sec._____________Score: ____________

Chemistry of Gases
WORKSHEET 4.1
PROBLEM SET GAS LAWS

Boyle’s Law, Charles’s Law, Gay-Lussac’s Law, Combined Gas Law,

Ideal Gas Law, Graham’s Law, Dalton’s Law and Avogadro’s Law

SUPER GAS LAW’S ULTIMATE REMINDER 240/240

Boyle’s Law Charles’ Law Guy-Lassac's Law Combined Gas Law

*For a given mass of gas
at constant temperature,
the volume of a gas varies
inversely with
pressure.
PV = k
P 1V 1 = P 2V 2
Dalton’s Law
At constant volume and
temperature, the total
pressure
exerted by a mixture of
gases is
equal to the sum of the
pressures
exerted by each gas,
*The volume of a fixed The pressure of a gas is
mass of gas is directly directly proportional to
proportional to its Kelvin the Kelvin temperature if
temperature if the the volume is kept
pressure is kept constant.
constant.
V/T= k P/T= k
V 1T 2 = V 2T 1 P 1T 2 = P 2T 1
V 1/T 1=V 2/T 2 P 1/T 1 = P 2/T 2
Ideal Gas Law Graham’s Law
The Ideal Gas Law relates The rate of
the effusion/diffusion of
pressure, temperature, two gases (A and B) are
volume, inversely
and mass of a gas through proportional to the square
the roots of their formula
gas constant “R”. masses. [It can be a ratio
of molecular speeds,
effusion /diffusion times,
distance
traveled by molecules, or
amount
of gas effused]
Combines Boyle’s,
Charles’, and the
Temperature-Pressure
relationship into one
equation. Each of these
laws can be derived from
this law.
PV/T= k
V 1P 1T 2 = V 2P 2T 1
P 1V 1/T 1 = P 2V 2/T 2
Avogadro’s Law
states that equal volumes
of different gases, at the
same temperature and
pressure, contain the same
number of moles of gas
particles.

P total = P1 + P2 + P3 +...Pn PV = nRT

Abbreviations Standard Conditions

atm = atmosphere 0°C = 273 K
mm Hg = millimeters of mercury 1.00 atm = 760.0 mm Hg = 76 cm Hg =101.325
torr = another name for mm Hg kPa = 101, 325 Pa = 29.9 in Hg
Pa = Pascal kPa = kilopascal
K = Kelvin
°C = degrees Celsius
Conversions Gas Law’s Equation Symbols
K = °C + 273 Subscript (1) = old condition or initial condition
°F = 1.8°C + 32 Subscript (2) = new condition or final condition
°C = °F −32/1.8 Temperature must be in Kelvins
1 cm3 (cubic centimeter) = 1 mL (milliliter) n = number of moles = grams/Molar mass
1 dm3 (cubic decimeter) = 1 L (liter) = 1000 mL R = 8.31 L-kPa/ mol-K = 0.0821 L-atm/mol-K = 62.4 L-Torr/mol-K
You must have a common set of units in the problem

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 Let your gas law’s ultimate experience begin… 

DIRECTION: Read the instructions carefully and show your solution to all
problems that requires computations. (3 points each)ERASURES NOT ALLOWED

I. BOYLE’S LAW (P1V1 = P2V2) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). A sample of gas collected in a
350 cm3 container exerts a pressure
of 103 kPa. What would be the volume
of this gas at 150 kPa of pressure?
(Assume that the temperature remains constant.)

2). A sample of neon has a volume of

239 cm3 at 2.00 atm of pressure.
What would the pressure have to be in
order for the gas to have a volume of
5.00 x 102 cm3?

3). A gas occupies 12.3 liters at a

pressure of 40.0 mm Hg. What is the
volume when the pressure is increased
to 60.0 mm Hg?

4). If a gas at 25.0 °C occupies 3.60

liters at a pressure of 1.00 atm,
what will be its volume at a pressure
of 2.50 atm?

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5). To what pressure must a gas be
compressed in order to get into a
3.00 cubic foot tank the entire
weight of a gas that occupies 400.0
cu. ft. at standard pressure?

6). 1.00 L of a gas at standard

temperature and pressure is
compressed to 473 mL. What is the new
pressure of the gas?

7). In a thermonuclear device, the

pressure of 0.050 L of gas within the
bomb casing reaches 4.0 x 106 atm.
When the bomb casing is destroyed by
the explosion, the gas is released
into the atmosphere where it reaches
a pressure of 1.00 atm. What is the
volume of the gas after the
explosion?

8). Synthetic diamonds can be

manufactured at pressures of 6.00 x
104 atm. If we took 2.00 liters of
gas at 1.00 atm and compressed it to
a pressure of 6.00 x 104 atm , what
would the volume of that gas be?

9). Submarines need to be extremely

strong to withstand the extremely
high pressure of water pushing down
on them. An experimental research
submarine with a volume of 15,000
liters has an internal pressure of
1.2 atm. If the pressure of the ocean
breaks the submarine forming a bubble
with a pressure of 250 atm pushing on
it, how big will that bubble be?

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10). Ammonia gas occupies a volume of
450 mL at a pressure of 720 mmHg.
What volume will occupy at STP?

II. CHARLES’S LAW (V1T2 = V2T1) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1).5.00 L of a gas is collected at
100 K and then allowed to expand to
20.0 L. What is the new temperature
in order to maintain the same
pressure (as required by Charles'
Law)?

2). A certain amount of gas occupies

a volume of 60 L at 300 K
temperature. Find the temperature of
the gas which has a volume of 100 L.

3). Find the final volume of gas at

100 K, if the volume of gas is 5 L at
120 K.

4). Calculate the decrease in

temperature when 2.00 L at 20.0 °C is
compressed to 1.00 L.

5). 600.0 mL of air is at 20.0 °C.

What is the volume at 60.0 °C?

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6). The temperature inside my
refrigerator is about 40°C. If I
place a balloon in my fridge that
initially has a temperature of 220°C
and a volume of 0.5 liters, what will
be the volume of the balloon when it
is fully cooled by my refrigerator?

7). A man heats a balloon in the

oven. If the balloon initially has a
volume of 0.4 liters and a
temperature of 200C, what will the
volume of the balloon be after he
heats it to a temperature of 250 0C?

8). On hot days, you may have noticed

that potato chip bags seem to
“inflate”, even though they have not
been opened. If I have a 250 mL bag
at a temperature of 190C, and I leave
it in my car, which has a temperature
of 6000C, what will the new volume of
the bag be?
9). A soda bottle is flexible enough
that the volume of the bottle can
change even without opening it. If
you have an empty soda bottle (volume
of 2 L) at room temperature (250C),
what will the new volume be if you
put it in your freezer (-40C)?

10). If 15.0 L of neon at 25.0°C is

allowed to expand to 45.0 L, what is
the new temperature?

III. GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW (P1T2 = P2T1) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). If a gas is cooled from 323.0 K
to 273.15 K and the volume is kept
constant what final pressure would
result if the original pressure was
750.0 mm Hg?

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2). If a gas in a closed container is
pressurized from 15.0 atmospheres to
16.0 atmospheres and its original
temperature was 25.0 °C, what would
the final temperature of the gas be?

3). A 30.0 L sample of nitrogen

inside a rigid, metal container at
20.0 °C is placed inside an oven
whose temperature is 50.0 °C. The
pressure inside the container at 20.0
°C was at 3.00 atm. What is the
pressure of the nitrogen after its
temperature is increased?
4). Determine the pressure change
when a constant volume of gas at 1.00
atm is heated from 20.0 °C to 30.0
°C.

5). A gas has a pressure of 0.370 atm

at 50.0 °C. What is the pressure at
standard temperature?

6). Determine the pressure change

when constant volume of gas at 1.00
atm is heated from 20.0°C to 30.0°C.

7). If a gas is cooled from 323.0K to

273.15K and the volume is kept
constant what final pressure would
result if the original pressure was
750 mmHg?

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8). If a gas in a closed container is
pressurized from 15.0 atm to 16.0 atm
and its equal temperature was 25.0°C,
what would the final temperature of
the gas?

9). A gas has a pressure of 699.0 mm

Hg at 40.0°C. What is the temperature
at 101.325 Kpa?

10). The temperature of a sample of

gas in a steel container at 30.0 kPa
is increased from (-100°C). What is
the final pressure inside the tank?

IV. COMBINED GAS LAW (P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). A gas has a volume of 800.0 mL at
minus 23.00 °C and 300.0 torr. What
would the volume of the gas be at
227.0 °C and 600.0 torr of pressure?

2). 500.0 liters of a gas are

prepared at 700.0 mm Hg and 200.0 °C.
The gas is placed into a tank under
high pressure. When the tank cools to
20.0 °C, the pressure of the gas is
30.0 atm. What is the volume of the
gas?

3). What is the final volume of a

400.0 mL gas sample that is subjected
to a temperature change from 22.0 °C
to 30.0 °C and a pressure change from
760.0 mm Hg to 360.0 mm Hg?

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4). The volume of a sample of helium
increases from 5 L to 25 L and its
temperature drops from 2000 K to 1750
K. If the initial pressure is 1500 mm
Hg, what is the final pressure?

5). At conditions of 785.0 torr of

pressure and 15.0 °C temperature, a
gas occupies a volume of 45.5 mL.
What will be the volume of the same
gas at 745.0 torr and 30.0 °C?

6). A gas occupies a volume of 34.2

mL at a temperature of 15.0 °C and a
pressure of 800.0 torr. What will be
the volume of this gas at standard
conditions?

7). The pressure of a gas changes

from 120 kPa to 50 kPa. The volume
changes from 45 L to 40 L. If the
initial temperature is 81o C, what is
the final temperature in oC?

8). A sample of nitrogen goes from 21

m3 to 14 m3 and its pressure increases
from 100 kPa to 150 kPa. The final
temperature is 300 K. What was the
initial temperature in Kelvin?

9). A sample of argon goes from 500 K

to 350 K and its pressure changes
from 280 kPa to 380 kPa. If the
initial volume is 18 dm3 (this is a
volume unit), what is the final
volume?

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10). The temperature of a gas
increases from 212oC to 380oC. The
volume goes from 30 dm3 to 18 dm3 . If
the final pressure is 1.85 atm, what
was the initial pressure?

V. IDEAL GAS LAW (PV = nRT) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). Determine the volume of occupied
by 2.34 grams of carbon dioxide gas
at STP.

2). A sample of argon gas at STP

occupies 56.2 liters. Determine the
number of moles of argon and the mass
in the sample.

3). At what temperature will 0.654

moles of neon gas occupy 12.30 liters
at 1.95 atmospheres?

4). 96.0 g. of a gas occupies 48.0 L

at 700.0 mm Hg and 20.0 °C. What is
its molecular weight?

5). 20.83 g. of a gas occupies 4.167

L at 79.97 kPa at 30.0°C. What is its
molecular weight?

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6). If 3.7 moles of propane are at a
temperature of 28°C and are under
154.2 kPa of pressure, what volume
does the sample occupy?

7). A sample of carbon monoxide at

57°C and under 0.67 atm of pressure
takes up 85.3 L of space. What mass
of carbon monoxide is present in the
sample?

8). At (-45°C), 71g of fluorine gas

take up 6843 mL space. What is the
pressure of the gas, in kPa?

9). At 971 mm Hg, 145g of carbon

dioxide have a volume of 34.13 dm3.
What is the temperature of the
sample, in °C?

10). At 137°C and under a pressure of

3.11 atm, a 276g sample of an unknown
noble gas occupies 13.46 L of space.
What is the gas

VI. GRAHAM’S LAW OF DIFFUSION & EFFUSION 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). A sample of hydrogen gas effuses
through a porous container about 9
times faster than an unknown gas.
Estimate the molar mass of the
unknown gas.

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2). Compare the rate of effusion of
carbon dioxide with that of hydrogen
chloride at the same temperature and
pressure.

3). If a molecule of neon gas travels

at an average rate of 400 ms at a
given temperature, estimate the
average rate of a molecule of butane,
C4H10 at the same temperature.

4). What is the ratio of the average

rate of hydrogen gas to that of neon
gas at the same temperature and
pressure?

5). At a certain temperature and

pressure, chlorine gas has an average
rate of 0.0380 m/s. What is the
average rate of sulfur dioxide gas?

6). Compare the rate of effusion of

hydrogen sulfide with that of
dinitrogen trioxide.

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7). If a nitrogen molecule effuses at
a velocity of 535 m/s, how fast does
an oxygen molecule effuse?

8). Molecular flourine effuses about

27 times faster than unknown gas.
Estimate the molar mass of the
unknown gas.

9). How many times greater is the

rate of effusion of chorine gas that
of iodine gas at the same temperature
and pressure?

10). If a methane (CH4) molecule

travels at 675 m/s from a gas jet,
how fast would a propane (C3H8)
molecule will travel?

VII. DALTON’S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURE (PT = P1 + P2 + P3 …Pn) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). 80.0 liters of oxygen is colected
over water at 50.0°C. The total
pressure in the room is 96.00 kPa.
What is the partial pressure of the
oxygen? (Water vapor pressure is
12.34 kPa)

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2). A container with two gases,
helium and argon, is 30.0% by volume
helium. Calculate the partial
pressure of helium and argon if the
total pressure inside the container
is 4.00 atm.

3). If 60.0 L of nitrogen is

collected over water at 40.0°C when
the atmospheric pressure is 760.0 mm
Hg, what is the partial pressure of
the nitrogen?

4). A tank contains 480.0 grams of

oxygen and 80.00 grams of helium at a
total pressure of 7.00 atmospheres.
Calculate the following.a) How many
moles of O2 are in the tank?
b) How many moles of He are in the
tank?
c) Total moles of gas in tank.
d) Mole fraction of O2.
e) Mole fraction of He.
f) Partial pressure of O2.
g) Partial pressure of He.
5). The partial pressure of helium
(PHe) is 13.5 kPa in a mixture of
helium, oxygen and methane
(CH4)gases. If the total pressure (PT)
of the mixture is 75 kPa and the
partial pressure of the oxygen (PO)
is 27.4 kPa, what is the partial
pressure of methane (PCH4)?
6). Determine the total pressure of a
gas mixture that contains oxygen,
nitrogen, and helium i f the partial
pressures of the gasses are: PO = 150
mmHg; PN = 350 mmHg; and PHe = 200
mmHg

7). A gas mixture containing oxygen,

nitrogen, and carbon dioxide has a
pressure of 250 mmHg. If the partial
pressure of oxygen is 175 mmHg and
the partial pressure of the nitrogen
is 50 mmHG, what is the partial
pressure of the carbon dioxide in
mmHg?

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8). If 60.0 L of nitrogen is
collected over water at 40.0°C when
the total pressure is 760.0 mmHg,
what is the partial pressure of the
nitrogen? (Water vapor pressure is
55.4 mmHg)

9). If H2 is collected over water at

22°C and an atmospheric pressure of
100.8 kPa, what is the partial
pressure of H2 when the water level
inside the gas bottle is equal to the
water level outside the bottle? Use
the table to find the Pwater.

Temperature Water Vapor

Pressure
20°C 2.34 kPa
21°C 2.49 kPa
22°C 2.64 kPa
25°C 3.17 kPa
10). Air contains oxygen, nitrogen,
carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of
other gases. What is the partial
pressure of oxygen at 1 atm of
pressure if the partial pressure of
nitrogen is 593.4 mmHg, the partial
pressure of carbon dioxide is 0.3
mmHg, and the partial pressures of
all the other gases is 7.1 mmHg?

VIII. AVOGADRO’S LAW (V1/n2 = V2/n1) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). 5.00 L of a gas is known to
contain 0.965 mol. If the amount of
gas is increased to 1.80 mol, what
new volume will result (at an
unchanged temperature and pressure)?

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2). A cylinder with a movable piston
contains 2.00 g of helium, He, at
room temperature. More helium was
added to the cylinder and the volume
was adjusted so that the gas pressure
remained the same. How many grams of
helium were added to the cylinder if
the volume was changed from 2.00 L to
2.70 L? (The temperature was held
constant.)
3). If 0.50 mol of oxygen occupies a
volume of 7.20 L at STP, what volume
does 1.5 moles of O2 occupy at STP?

4). If 3.25 mole of argon gas

occupies a volume of 1.00 L at STP,
what volume does 14.15 mol of argon
occupy?

5). If 12.40 mol of CO2 occupies a

volume of 96.8 L, how many moles
occupy 72.6 L?

6). If 0.40 g of Helium has a volume

of 6.2 L, how many grams of helium
would
occupy 15.5 L?

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7). If 14.0 g of nitrogen occupies a
volume of 16.8 L, what volume will
49.0 g of nitrogen have?

8). 11.2 L sample of gas is

determined to contain 0.5 moles of
bromine. At the same temperature and
pressure, how many moles of gas would
there be in a 20 L sample?

9). If 25 mL of NO2 gas is completely

converted to N2O4 gas, under the same
conditions, what volume will the N2O4
occupy?

10). Ammonia is manufactured for

fertilizer. The truck hauling the
ammonia can hold 450 kiloliters of
the gas, which is 20 moles. If a
buyer only needs to purchase 225
kiloliters of the gas, how many
moles is the buyer receiving?

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