1.

Reinventing Local School Boards in the Philippines

2. The paper will describe these governance reform efforts as a case study in effective local action
to bring about large-scale systemic reforms in a centrally managed public education system.
3. None
4. Descriptive Research
5. A local school board (LSB) is a special body created by virtue of Republic Act No. 7160, popularly
known as the Local Government Code of 1991 (LGC 91). Its main duty is to allocate the Special
Education Fund (SEF) to meet the supplementary needs of the local public school system. The
SEF is an additional 1% levy that is collected together with real property taxes paid to the local
government. In the case of a city, such as Naga, the code provides for an eight-man LSB that is
chaired by the city mayor, co-chaired by the schools division superintendent, and made up of
the following members: the chair of the education committee of the Sangguniang Panlungsod
(city council), the city treasurer, a representative of the Sangguniang Kabataan (youth council),
and duly elected representatives of the city PTA league, the city teachers' organization, and the
non-academic personnel of city public schools.
6. Naga’s LSB reinvention initiative was recognized as one of the 10 outstanding programs of local
governments in the Philippines for 2004.
b. The central government constantly cites the need to reform the LSB in its own effort to
strengthen basic education in the country.
c. More than 250 local governments have embraced LSB reinvention, many bringing this down
to the barangay (village) level.
d. There is heightened awareness about the crisis facing the Philippine educational system, with
more sectors contributing additional resources to community-based efforts in improving public
schools, and
e. Mayors and governors, who used to be ambivalent towards education governance, have
become more passionate in improving the lives of children through better education.
7. Local education governance reforms can be done. Without the need for rewriting the basic
decentralization law, Naga and the other Synergeia project sites have demonstrated that
education governance reforms are both doable and feasible. Their experience show that
empowered and functional local schools boards have both the mandate and legal personality to
serve as focal point for these reforms.
b. LSBs are the most logical vehicle for reform. Local schools boards can bring together local
communities and key players in the public school system in discussing the state of local
education, which can be the basis for positive and informed collective action.
c.. Broad-based stakeholdership enhances outcomes. Moreover, LSBs can serve as entry points
for greater and more meaningful stakeholder participation in the delivery of public education
services. Regular grassroots consultations not only make for good politics; they are also avenues
for multi-level and multi-stakeholder assessment of where a locality is in the journey to build
better schools.
8.
1. Functionality of Special Education Fund (SEF): Its Role on Improving Basic
Education
2. To Determine the functionality of SEF
3. -
4. Descriptive
5. –
6. The functionality of the Local School Board (LSB) is presumed to have an impact on
the conditions of the public elementary schools considering pupil to teacher ratio,
pupil to classroom ratio and pupil to seat ratio.
7. Findings revealed that the SEF is seemingly weak in its functionality level.
Nevertheless, the transparency and accountability of the LSB is generally "good"
while the condition of the public elementary schools appears conducive and
favorable to the learning process
8. –
1. Actual expenditures of the local government unit of Lambayong, Municipality in
Sultan Kudarat
2. Actual expenditures of the LGU in relation to the school performance of the three (3)
school districts located therein
3. None
4. Descriptive
5. Three (3) school districts located of Lambayong, Sultan Kudarat
6. The most common problem and issue in utilizing SEF was the late processing of project
proposals since most local government units give more priority to other transactions.
This resulted to the delayed release of budget which hampered the effective delivery of
basic education services. Nonetheless, the enduring effort of the local government unit
to increase annual expenditures blended with sound planning and transparent utilization
would produce highly performing schools.
7. He concluded that all indicators for quality, access and efficiency are directly related to
SEF expenditures. When expenses are increased, school performance will also improve
8. –
1. Utilization of Solid Waste Management (SWM) in Sitio Puting Daga.
2. The implementation of a solid waste management program as embodied in RA 9003
3. None
4. Descriptive
5. Sitio Puting Daga has an existing solid waste management program with materials
recovery facility
6. . Results of the study showed that they emphasized that proper utilization and
implementation of the said program was a crucial concern of society to create a liveable
environment, free from hazardous toxics which are harmful to one’s health. Similarly, a
well-utilized Special Education Fund has its purpose of creating an environment
conducive to learning for students
7. The programs under SEF as well as the solid waste management program are all
implemented by the local government as they are more equipped with the proper
knowledge to address and resolve community-specific problems.
8. –