POWER

AC DC

Efficency
 Fundamentals of Drilling Engineering
1 Equipment that requires power includes the drawworks, mud pumps, rotary system, and life-support system.
2 The power system on a drilling rig usually consists of a prime mover as the source of power and some means to transmit the
3 The prime movers used in the current drilling industry are diesel engines.
4 Most rig power is consumed by the hoisting and fl uid-circulating systems.
5 Total power requirements for most rigs are from 1,000 to 3,000 hp (750 to 2,200 kW).
6 DC motors can be wired to give a wide range of speed-torque characteristics that are extremely well suited for the hoisting
7 The driller can apply power smoothly to various rig components, thus minimizing shock and vibration problems.
pport system.
some means to transmit the power to the end-use equipment.

well suited for the hoisting and circulating operations.

ation problems.
 Fundamentals of Drilling Engineering
1 Power is transmitted via one of the following systems:
· Mechanical drive
· Direct-current (DC) generator and motor
· Alternating-current (AC) generator, silicon-controlled rectifi er (SCR), and DC motor
2 The most widely used system on new rigs or large marine rigs is the AC-SCR system, also called the dieselelectric system.
he dieselelectric system.
 Fundamentals of Drilling Engineering
1 Power system performance characteristics generally are stated in terms of output horsepower, torque, and fuel consumptio
2 The shaft power Psp developed by an engine is obtained from the product of the angular velocity of the shaft w and the ou

Psp=wT

3 The overall power efficiency hsp determines the rate of fuel consumption F. at a given engine speed.
Fuel consumption times the heating values H of the fuel, for internal-combustion engines, gives the heat energy input per u

Q=FH

Since the overall power system efficiency hsp is defined as the power output per power input, then

hsp=Psp/Q

Example 1.1—Power and Effi ciency of an Engine.

given: w (rev/min) 1200 7542.857 (rad/min)
T (ft-lbf) 1,740

unit chang HP kW
Psp=wT 13124571 33000 397.7143 297

Since the fuel type is diesel, the density is 7.2 lbm/gal and the heating value H is 19,000 Btu/lbm. Thus, the fuel consumptio

F 31.5 gal/hr (7.2 lbm/gal)(1 hr/60 min) = 3.78 lbm/min.

The total heat energy consumed by the engine is given by

Q FH 3.78 lbm/min(19,000 Btu/lbm)(779 ft lbf/Btu)/33,000 ft lbf/min/hp 1695 hp (1,264 kW).

overall effi ciency of the engine at 1,200 rev/min

hsp=Psp/Q 0.23464
23.46%
ue, and fuel consumption for various engine speeds.
the shaft w and the output torque T:

heat energy input per unit time (power) to the engine, Q:

us, the fuel consumption rate F is

1695 hp (1,264 kW).