 NAMPAP- National Master’s Plumbers
WATER SOURCE
Association of the Philippines
 COMBUSTIBLE CONSTRUCTION- Burn
at a temperature of 756 degree celcius
or less
 COMMON- part of the plumbing
system designed/ installed to serve
more than 1 appliance, fixture, building
or system.
 CROSS CONNECTION- between potable
water supply and plumbing fixtures
(airgap)
 FLOOR AREA- exclusive of vent shafts
and courts.
 HEIGHT OF THE BUILDING- from “grade
line” to the highest coping
 Coping- a saddle coping slopes to
either side of a central high point.
 ALLEY- is a narrow lane, path or
passageway, often reserve for
pedestrians. Usually 2-3 meters
 CONFINED SPACE- having a volume less
than 1.4 cu. Meters
 UNCONFINED SPACE – having a volume
equal to at least 1.4 cu.m of aggregate
input rating of fuel burning appliances
 CHASE- vertical shaft ( pipe stack)
 Pipe Stack- is the vertical main of a
system of soil, waste or vent pipe.
 COURT- open, unoccupied space.
 SHAFT- vertical opening ( elevators,
dumbwaiters, air well)
 CONTAMINATION- impairment potable
water ( High Hazard)
 POTABLE WATER- drinking, culinary,
domestic purposes. ( Philippine
Standards for drinking water)
 GROUND WATER- standing in; passing
through ground.
 HIGH HAZARD- contamination
 LOW HAZARD – pollution
 SURFACE WATER- portion of a rainfall
runs off over the surface of the ground.
B.
B.1 WELLS- Dug, bored, driven, or drilled
( ground water)
 DUG WELLS- shaft is excavated/
installed with a casing; shallow
construction
 BORED WELLS- hole bored with
hand or machine- driven auger;
with pitless adapter, threaded or
welded joint, wiring and
submersible pump.
 DRIVEN WELLS – pipe driven
equipped with well point by maul or
pile driver.
 DRILLED WELLS- hole is made by
drilling machine installing casing
screen: with pittless adapter
3 COMPONENTS OF A WATER WELL
1. PRESSURE TANK- provides storafe
space for water locally
2. PITLESS ADAPTER- is used to discharge
the water in your system.
3. WELL PUMP- is responsible for drawing
water up into your system and moving
it into your house
B.2 SPRINGS- ( surface water; lake or river)
B.3 CITY MAINS- ( water main: street main) –
from main water source
C. LEVEL OF SERVICE
LEVEL 1: POINT SOURCE
 Protected well/ spring; w/ outlet w/o
distribution system
 Rural areas
 Average of 15 households
LEVEL 2: COMMUNAL FAUCET SYSTEM OR
STAND POST
  A source/ reservoir/ pipe distribution
network/ communal faucets.
 1 faucet : 4 – 6 household
 Rural/ urban fringed areas
LEVEL 3 : WATERWORKS SYSTEM /
INDIVIDUAL HOUSE CONNECTIONS
 Source, a reservoir, a piped distribution
network; household taps; for densely
populated areas.
D. SOURCE WATER PROTECTION-
-“ Watershed Protection”
- First step in water treatment
E. THE WATER TREATMENT PROCESS
E.1 DILLUTION
- contaminants are diluted to reduced risks
- making the liquid thinner or weaker by the
addition of water or the like
E.2 COAGULATION AND FLOCCULATION
- Chemicals called coagulants and/ or filter aids
added to water, mixed in flocculated
- addition of polymers that clump the small,
destabilize the particles togethers into larger
aggregates so that they can be more easily
separated from the water
E.3 SETTLING
- slow flow of water so heavier items can be
settle to the bottom.
E.4 FILTRATION
-granular medium ( sand, crushed anthracite
coal, or activated carbon) ; membrane fillers
- forcing water through a membrane barrier.
E.4 DISINFECTION
- Disinfectants : chlorine, chloramines ozone,
ultraviolet light and chlorine dioxide.
E.5 OTHER WATER TREATMENT PROCESS
 Drinking Water - chemicals are added
to adjust the hardness or softness, ph
and alkalinity.
 Sodium Hydroxide - reduces
corrosivity, extends life of pipelines and
plumbing systems.
 Fluoride- added to improve dental
health.
F. GROUND WATER PROTECTION AND
REATMENT.
F.1 WALLHEAD PROTECTION- critical to
preventing contamination of ground- water
supplies
F.2 Ground water is pumped out of an aquifer;
earth naturally provides filtration of microscopic
pathogens.
F.3 Ground water contains higher
concentrations of metals ( iron, manganese)
G. MUNICIPAL WATER TREATMENT
(GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON GAC)
- removal of taste/ odor compounds
H. WATER STORAGE
Submersible Pump – Well – Cistern – Pump-
Pressure tank – distribution
I. THE HOUSE WATER SUPPLY
 MAIN – principal artery to which
branches connect

 CORPORATION COCK – stop valve

placed in service pipe close to
connection with water main
 In line valve used to control the
municipal water service to a property
 Usually located at the property line
between municipal and private
property.

 GOOSE NECK –
 A return bend ( one end- 30 cm long;
other end 7.5 cm long
 Faucet for a pantry sink
 Connection between service pipe and
water main

 SERVICE PIPE- The pipe from the

water main to the building served.A
 pipe connecting to a building to from pipe by opening/closing an
water main orifice.
 Under the jurisdiction of public
Utility
 ¾ inch in diameter  BRANCH
 -Is any part of piping system other than
SHUTOFF the main riser or stack.
VALVE
 Shut off  BRANCH INTERVAL
flow of water
from
supply pipe
 Used to shutoff the water in case of
emergency or repair
 ¾ inch diameter

 WATER
METER
 A device
for

measuring/recording the quantity of

water

 WATER DISTRIBUTING PIPE

 Conveys potable water from the
building supply pipe to plumbing
fixtures/water outlets

 FAUCETS
- a device for
controlling the
flow of a liquid
 - Is the length of a soil or waste stack - A branch drain extending laterally
corresponding in general to a storey from a soil or waste stack, with or
height. without sections or branches
- Storey height, 8 ft/ 2.34 meters

 HORIZONTAL BRANCH
 FIXTURE BRANCH
- Supply branch between the fixture
and the water distributing pipe.
 FIXTURE SUPPLY
- Water supply pipe connecting
the fixture with the fixture
branch

 RISER
- A water supply
pipe that
extends
vertically one
full storey or
more.
 BIBB
- Faucet, cock, tap, plug etc ( faucet is
preferred)

 SPIGOT
-the end of pipe which fits into a bell

FAUCETS
  FLOOD LEVEL
- The level in which water begins
COMPRESSION COCK HOSE BIBB
to overflow the top or rim of a
fixture
 CRITICAL LEVEL
- C-L or C/L marking on a
backflow prevention device or
vacuum breaker
- Determines the minimum
KEY COCK SELF-CLOSING FAUCET elevation above the flood level
rim of the fixtures
AIR GAP  FLOOD LEVEL RIM
WATER DISTRIBUTION - The top edge of a receptacle
 FLOODED
- When liquid rises to the flood
level rim

WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

A. COLD WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

( CWL- COLD WATER LINE )

 PRESSURE
- the normal force exerted by a
homogenous liquid or gas, per
unit area on the wall of a
container
 STATIC PRESSURE
- w/o any flow motion
 RESIDUAL PRESSURE
- the pressure available pressure
drop due to friction loss, head,
meter and other losses in the
system during maximum
demand period
 EFFECTIVE OPENING
- The minimum cross sectional
area at the point of water
supply discharge.