26) The most commonly used measure in ANOVA indicating the relative importance of factors is 26)

omega squared, ( 2 ).
Answer: True False

27) Omega squared, 2, indicates what proportion of the variation in the dependent variable is related 27)
to a particular independent variable or factor.
Answer: True False

28) The estimated value of 2 can be negative, in which case the estimated value of 2 is set equal to 28)
one.
Answer: True False

29) Contrasts are used in ANOVA to determine which of the means are statistically different. 29)
Answer: True False

30) The Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and the k-sample median test have the same 30)

m
er as
null hypothesis "medians of the k populations are equal."

co
Answer: True False

eH w
31) Nonmetric analysis of variance examines the difference in the central tendencies of more than two 31)

o.
groups when the dependent variable is measured on a nominal scale.
Answer: True rs e False
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32) The Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance also examines the difference in medians. 32)
Answer: True False
o
aC s

33) Multivariate analysis of variance is appropriate when there are two or more dependent variables 33)
vi y re

that are correlated.

Answer: True False

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
ed d
ar stu

34) A statistical technique for examining the differences among means for two or more populations is 34)
called ________.
A) chi-square B) independent samples t test
C) analysis of variance (ANOVA) D) cross-tabulation
sh is

Answer: C
Th

35) Categorical independent variables are ________. The independent variables must all be categorical 35)
(nonmetric) to use ________.
A) items; ANOVA B) factors; ANOVA
C) covariates; ANOVA D) parameters; regression
Answer: B

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 36) Which statement is correct concerning one-way ANOVA? 36)
A) Only one categorical variable is involved.
B) A treatment is the same as a particular combination of factor levels.
C) The set of independent variables consists of both categorical and metric variables.
D) Both A and B are correct.
Answer: D

37) An advanced analysis of variance procedure in which the effects of one or more metric-scaled 37)
extraneous variables are removed from the dependent variable before conducting the ANOVA is
called ________.
A) n-way analysis of variance B) decomposition of the total variation
C) one-way analysis of variance D) analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Answer: D

38) The null hypothesis for ANOVA typically is that all ________. 38)
A) means are equal B) proportions are equal
C) proportions are unequal D) means are unequal

m
Answer: A

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39) A covariate is a ________ independent variable used in ________. 39)

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A) categorical; ANCOVA B) metric; ANOVA

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C) metric; ANCOVA D) categorical; ANOVA
Answer: C rs e
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40) Which of the statistical techniques below does not involve a metric independent variable (Figure 40)
16.1 in the text)?
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A) ANOVA B) t test
C) regression D) Both A and B are correct.
aC s

Answer: D
vi y re

41) How consumers' "intentions to buy the brand" varies with different price levels is best analyzed 41)
via ________.
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A) one-way ANOVA B) ANCOVA

C) regression D) t tests
ar stu

Answer: A

42) The strength of the effects of X (independent variable or factor) on Y (dependent variable) is 42)
sh is

measured by ________.
A) SSwithin B) SSy C) SSx D) eta2 ( 2 )
Th

Answer: D

43) Also referred to as SSerror, ________ is the variation in Y due to the variation within each of the 43)
categories of X. This variation is not accounted for by X.
A) SSx B) SSy C) SSwithin D) SSbetween
Answer: C

44) The total variation in y is ________. 44)

A) SSbetween B) SSwithin C) SSy D) SSx
Answer: C

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 45) In one-way ANOVA, separation of the variation observed in the dependent variable into the 45)
variation due to the independent variables plus the variation due to error is called ________.
A) analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) B) one-way analysis of variance
C) n-way analysis of variance D) decomposition of the total variation
Answer: D

46) The total variation in Y, denoted by SSy, can be decomposed into which two components? 46)
A) SSy = SSx - SSerror B) SSy = SSx + SSerror
C) SSy = SSbetween + SSwithin D) B and C are correct.
Answer: D

47) Which step are you on in the procedure for conducting one-way analysis of variance if you are 47)
decomposing SSy into two components using the equation SSy = SSbetween + SSwithin?
A) interpret the results B) measure the effects
C) decompose the total variation D) test the significance
Answer: C

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48) Which statement is correct concerning the decomposition of the total variation? 48)
A) By comparing the Y variance estimates based on between-group and within group variation,

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we can test the null hypothesis.
B) If the population mean is the same in all the groups, then the variation in the sample means

o.
and the sizes of the sample groups can be used to estimate the variance of Y.
rs e
C) Because it is not known that all the groups have the same mean, we cannot calculate the
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variance of all the observations together.
D) All statements are correct.
Answer: D
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aC s

49) If you are estimating 2 , you are at which step in the procedure for conducting one-way analysis 49)
vi y re

of variance?
A) test the significance B) decompose the total variation
C) interpret the results D) measure the effects
Answer: D
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ar stu

50) The effects of X on Y is measured by ________. 50)

A) SSerror B) SSy C) SSx D) SSwithin
Answer: C
sh is

51) ________ is a measure of variation in Y that is explained by the independent variable X. 51)
Th

A) SSx B) SSwithin C) SSy D) eta2 ( 2 )

Answer: D

52) In one-way ANOVA, the null hypothesis may be tested by ________. 52)
A) the t statistic B) chi-square C) F statistic D) eta2
Answer: C

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