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7 Calorimetry PDF
7 Calorimetry PDF
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5.60 Spring 2008 Lecture #7 page 1
Calorimetry
The objective is to measure
isothermal
ΔHrx (T1 ) Reactants (T1) = Products (T1)
constant p
CALORIMETER
reaction Adiabatic
Constant p
thermometer
adiabatic
I) ΔHI React. (T1) + Cal. (T1) = Prod. (T2) + Cal. (T2)
constant p
II) ΔHII Prod. (T2) + Cal. (T2) = Prod. (T1) + Cal. (T1)
constant p
______________________________________________________
ΔHrx (T1 ) React. (T1) + Cal. (T1) = Prod. (T1) + Cal. (T1)
constant p
T2
qp = ∫ C p ( Prod . + Cal . ) dT = ΔHII
T1
T2 T2
∴ ΔHrx (T1 ) = − ∫T C p ( Prod . + Cal . )dT ≈ − ∫T C pcal dT = −C pcal ΔT
1 1
5.60 Spring 2008 Lecture #7 page 2
CALORIMETER
reaction Adiabatic
Constant V
thermometer
adiabatic
I) ΔU I React. (T1) + Cal. (T1) = Prod. (T2) + Cal. (T2)
constant V
II) ΔUII Prod. (T2) + Cal. (T2) = Prod. (T1) + Cal. (T1)
constant V
______________________________________________________
ΔUrx (T1 ) React. (T1) + Cal. (T1) = Prod. (T1) + Cal. (T1)
constant V
T2
qV = ∫ CV ( Prod . + Cal . ) dT = ΔUII
T1
T2 T2
∴ ΔUrx (T1 ) = − ∫T CV ( Prod . + Cal . )dT ≈ − ∫T CVcal dT = −CVcal ΔT
1 1
Now use H = U + pV or ΔH = ΔU + Δ ( pV )
T2
ΔHrx (T1 ) = − ∫ CV ( Prod . + Cal . ) dT + RT1 Δngas ≈ −CVcal ΔT + RT1 Δngas
T1
T1 = 298.15 K
____________________________________________________________
|
H- C -H ΔH = 4BC-H
BC-H = 416.2 kJ
|
H H
ΔH = BC-C + 6BC-H
= −ΔHf°,C H + 2ΔHC (atom .) + 3ΔHH (atom .) ⇒ BC −C = 342 kJ
2 6 2
5 12
CH3
|
But CH3 - C -CH3 is also C5H12 with 4 C-C bonds, 12 C-H bonds
|
CH3