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ﻓﻜﺮﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺪاﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ إﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻔﺎت اﻟـ Wordو ﻣﻠﻔﺎت اﻟـ PDFﻟﻠﻘﺮاء .أي
أن ﻧﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﻘﺎرئ اﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﻮﻋﻲ اﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎت ،ﺑﻴﺪ أﻧﻪ و ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎرات
ﻓﻀﻠﻨﺎ إﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﻣﻠﻔﺎت اﻟـ PDFﻓﻘﻂ ،ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔً ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻬﺎ .ﻧﺼﻌﺐ ﺑﻬﺬا
اﻟﺘﺼﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ اﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ و اﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ و ﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ إﻋﺎدة
ﻃﺮﺣﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ اﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ.
ﺗﺘﻴﺢ ﻣﻠﻔﺎت اﻟـ PDFإﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ أﻳﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ،أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﺘﺠﺎورة ،أو ﺟﺰء
ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻣﺤﺮك اﻟﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﺨﺎص ﺑـ .PDFﻳﺘﻮﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
ﻣﺸﻜّﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ اﻟﺤﻠﺒﻲ أن ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﺣﺮوف اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ وﺣﺮوف ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر أن
اﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ اﻟﺤﻠﺒﻲ ﻟﻴﺲ إﻻ ﻧﻮﻋﴼ ﺧﺎﺻﴼ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺮوف .وﻛﺨﻄﻮة أوﻟﻰ ﻧﺤﻮ إﻇﻬﺎر
ﺣﺮوف اﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ اﻟﺤﻠﺒﻲ واﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻳﺘﻮﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم أن ﻳﻨﺴﺦ ﻣﻠﻒ
اﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ اﻟﺤﻠﺒﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻰ ،traditional arabic aleppoإﻟﻰ ﺣﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺠﻠﺪ
fontsاﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺠﻠﺪ windowsداﺧﻞ اﻟﻘﺮص ) Cو ﻫﺬا ﻣﺎ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ
آﻟﻲ( .ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺿﻤﻦ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻘﺮص اﻟﻤﺪﻣﺞ .ﺗﻮﺿﺢ اﻟﻼﺋﺤﺔ أدﻧﺎه ﺣﺮوف
اﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ اﻟﺤﻠﺒﻲ اﻷرﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺘﺒﻮﻋﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮوف اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ
:Microsoft
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گ
ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ أن ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﻣﻠﻒ اﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻫﺬا وﻳﻨﺴﺦ اﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب أو اﻟﺤﺮف
اﻟﺨﺎص وﻳﻠﺼﻘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺎﻓﺬة اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟـ .PDFوﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻟﺪﻻﻻت اﻟﻠﻔﻈﻴﺔ
ﻟﻬﺬه اﻟﺮﻣﻮز راﺟﻊ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ اﻷﺧﻴﺮة ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ :ﻓﻘﺮة "اﻟﻤﻨﻬﺎج".
ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ،إن ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﺷﻲء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﻠﻈﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮة ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ
اﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ ،ﻣﻦ وﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮ اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮاء اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ .وﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼ ً ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﺎرئ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ
ﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﺑﻔﻬﺮﺳﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل إﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ أﻟﻒ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺮوف ،ﻣﺪرﺟﺔ
ﻃﺒﻘﴼ ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ اﻷﻟﻔﺒﺎﺋﻲ ،ﺗﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﻘﺎرئ وﺑﻨﻘﺮة واﺣﺪة ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﺬﻫﺎب إﻟﻰ
أول ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﻳﺒﺪأ ﺑﺘﻠﻚ اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ .ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل ،ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ أ– ب ﻧﻨﺘﻘﻞ
إﻟﻰ ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﺪﺧﻼت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺪأ ﺑـ "أﺑـ" ﻣﺜﻞ أﺑﺘﻲ ،أﺑﺘﺎه ،اﺑﺘﺪأ ،اﺑﺘﺰاز...
و ﻟﺤﺴﻦ اﻟﺤﻆ أﻧﻪ ،وﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎم ،ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ .وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ،ﺑﺪون ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻟﻴﺠﺪ ﺣﻮﻟﻬﺎ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ
اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ.
وﻋﻠﻰ أﻳﺔ ﺣﺎل ،ﺳﻨﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺎت أﻋﻼه ﻓﻲ اﻹﺻﺪارة اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ وﻧﺤﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ
اﺳﺘﻌﺪاد ﻟﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺘﺮﺣﺎت اﻟﻘﺎرئ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ ،ﺣﻮل ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام ،واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ
ﻣﺮوﻧﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام.
ﻭﺍﻧﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻓﺘﺎﺋﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﺘﻠﻘﻰ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻪ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺘﺐ "ﴰﺲ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ" ﻭﰲ "ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ"
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺪ ﺟﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ،ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺑﺸﲑ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﻣﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﳏﻤـﺪ
ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻗﺎ ﻣﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ.
ﰒ ﺃﺩﺭﻛﺘﻪ ﺣﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﻭﻇﻞ ﻣﻼﺯﻣﺎً ﳍﺎ ﺣﱴ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ ،ﻓﺬﻫﺐ ﻳﻌﺎﰿ ﻋﻘـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷـﺌﺔ ﰲ
"ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ" ﰒ ﰲ "ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﻭﻗﻴﺔ" ،ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﳓﻮﻫﺎ ﻭﺻﺮﻓﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﻼﻏﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺩﺎ ﻭﻳﺒـﺚ ﰲ
ﻧﻔﻮﺱ ﻃﻼﺑﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﺀﻩ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﰲ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﺆﻭﻥ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺴﺮﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ،ﻓﻔﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ١٩٢٣ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻟﻄﻼﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺮﺣﻴﺔ "ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ"،
ﻭﰲ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻧﻔﺠﺮﺕ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﰲ ﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺮﻯ ﳑﺎ ﺃﺩﻯ ﺇﱃ ﺑﺘﺮ ﻛﻔﻪ ،ﻓﺄﻣﻀﻰ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﻳﻌﺎﱐ
ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺶ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻊ ﺑﺎﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻭﺍﻗﺘﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﺭﺓ ،ﺇﺫ ﺗﻀﻢ ﺧﺰﺍﺋﻨﻪ ﳎﻤﻮﻋـﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻒ ﺍﺟﺘﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺷﱴ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻀﻢ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﺛﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﻳﺮﺑﻮ
ﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﺭﺗﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳍﺠﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻨﺸﻴﻂ
ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ ﺍﻷﺛﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﳍﺎ ،ﺣﱴ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺐ ﻋﺎﻡ ١٩٥٠ﺃﻣﻴﻨﺎً ﻟﻠﺴﺮ ﰲ ﲨﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻨﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺣﻼﺎ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﻭﺧﺎﺭﺟﻬﺎ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﳍﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻧﺰﻭﻋﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﺎﺭ ،ﺇﺫ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻳﻜـﺎﺩ ﻳﺴـﺘﻘﺮ ﰲ
ﺣﻠﺐ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺰﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺟﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺕ ،ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺣﻼﺕ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺇﱃ ﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺎ ﻭﺇﻳـﺮﺍﻥ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ،ﻭﻃﺎﻑ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺑﻴﺔ ،ﰒ ﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻭﺍﳊﺠـﺎﺯ
ﻭﺍﳊﺒﺸﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻼﺕ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻄﻼﻋﻴﺔ ﻳﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻌﻬﻢ ﺻﺪﺍﻗﺎﺕ
ﻭﻃﻴﺪﺓ ﺗﻌﻤﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺳﻼﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ .ﻭﺇﻥ ﻗﺎﺭﺉ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻟﻴﺘﺒﲔ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟـﺮﺣﻼﺕ
ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺎً ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﺛﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺇﱃ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ ﻭﻃﺮﺯ ﺣﻴﺎﺎ ﻭﻋﺎﺩﺍﺎ ﻭﺗﻘﺎﻟﻴﺪﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻟﻘﺪ ﺃﻣﻀﻰ ﺳﲏ ﻋﻤﺮﻩ ﰲ ﻓﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﻋﻮﺯ ،ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻳﺮﺗﺰﻕ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻴﻨﻔﻖ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻃﻌﺎﻣـﻪ
ﻭﻋﻼﺟﻪ ﻭﺇﻏﻨﺎﺀ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺘﻪ ﺳﻮﻯ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﻘﺎﻃﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻬﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ﺍﻹﺫﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﺮ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ
ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳚﻒ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﳌﻮﺭﺩ ،ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻟﺘﻔﺎﺭﻕ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﻢ ،ﺑﻞ ﺗﺮﺍﻩ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ
ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﲟﺴﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻮﻓﺔ ﻓﻴﺠﻨﺢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻠﺞ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ ،ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﺣﺮﻳﺼﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﺎﻟﺴﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﻴﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻁ ﻢ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻣﻸ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎﺋﻪ ﻃـﺎﺏ ـﻢ
ﺍﻠﺲ ﻭﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﺎﺀ ﲟﺎ ﻳﺒﺴﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺎﺗﻌﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻟﻘﻰ ﺛﻘﻴﻞ ﺑﻈﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻤﺎ
ﺷﺌﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺧﺮﺓ ﻭﺇﺷﺎﺭﺍﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻼﺫﻋﺔ.
ﺁﺛﺎﺭﻩ:
ﺗﻨﻮﻋﺖ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺳﺪﻱ ﻭﺗﻌﺪﺩﺕ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺎﺗﻪ ،ﻓﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺼـﻞ
ﺑﺎﻹﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﺍﻷﺩﰊ ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻪ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺗﺼﺎﻧﻴﻔﻪ ﻳﻨﺤﻮ ﻣﻨﺤﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻭﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺼﺎﺀ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤﻖ ،ﻓﻼ ﻳﺘﻮﱃ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﲝﺎﺛﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻔﺮﻍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﻭﺗﺄﻣﻼﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻧـﲑ
ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﺣﺎﻓﻞ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ.
ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻐﻔﻠﲔ ﳉﻬﻮﺩ ﻏﲑﻫﻢ ﳑﻦ ﻳﻨﺴﺒﻮﻥ ﻷﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﳍﻢ ،ﺑـﻞ ﻧـﺮﺍﻩ
ﳛﺮﺹ ﻛﻞ ﺍﳊﺮﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﻓﻴﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﻧﻘﺺ ﺃﻭ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻌﺰﻭﺓ
ﺇﱃ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﺍً ﺇﱃ ﻣﻈﺎﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ،ﰒ ﻳﺘﺒﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺃﻳﻪ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﻣﻬﺘﺪﻳﺎً ﰲ ﺫﻟـﻚ ـﺪﻱ
ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺋﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﲔ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﻓﻬﻲ:
:ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﻋﺎﻡ ١٩٣٦ - ١ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻳﻊ
:ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﻋﺎﻡ ١٩٤٠ - ٢ﻋﺮﻭﺝ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺀ
:ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﻋﺎﻡ ١٣٤١ - ٣ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ
- ٤ﺣﻠﺐ .ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ :ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﻋﺎﻡ ١٩٥١
:ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﻋﺎﻡ ١٩٥١ - ٥ﺃﻏﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺔ
:ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﻋﺎﻡ ١٩٥٧ - ٦ﻳﺎ ﻟﻴﻞ
:ﳐﻄﻮﻁ - ٧ﺍﷲ
:ﳐﻄﻮﻁ - ٨ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ
:ﳐﻄﻮﻁ - ٩ﺃﻳﺲ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ
:ﳐﻄﻮﻁ -١٠ﺍﻷﻟﻒ
:ﳐﻄﻮﻁ -١١ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ
:ﳐﻄﻮﻁ -١٢ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ
-١٣ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ
ﻫﺬﺍ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻧﺸﺮﺕ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻼﺕ ،ﻭﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻷﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺫﻳﻌﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺬﺍﻋﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ:
ﺗﺘﺒﻮﺃ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻜﺎﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻴﻊ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ،ﻷﺎ ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﺟـﻞ
ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻋﻤﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﺑﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ
ﺍﳌﺘﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ .ﻭﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺪ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍً ﺛﺮﺍً ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ
ﺍﻟﺸﻌﱯ ،ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻭﺟﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺳﲔ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺗﺜﺮﻳﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻫـﻢ ﻭﻟـﻮﺍ
ﻭﺟﻮﻫﻬﻢ ﺷﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ ﻳﺘﺘﺒﻌﻮﻥ ﻟﻐﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﶈﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻳﺘﺤﺮﻭﻥ ﺗﻘﺎﻟﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﻭﻣﻌﺘﻘـﺪﺍﺎ
ﻭﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﺣﻴﺎﺎ ﳑﺎ ﻳﻌﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﲢﻔﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺇﺑﺪﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﺩﺓ.
ﻭﻻ ﺟﺮﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺟﺪﻳﺮﺓ ﲟﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ .ﻓﻬﻲ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻴـﺔ ﺑﺴـﻜﺎﺎ
ﻭﲟﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺶ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﳏﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻓﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﺑﺮﺓ ﺷـﺮﻕ
ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﻭﻏﺮﺎ ،ﻭﺧﺎﻧﺎﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺳﻮﺍﻗﻬﺎ ﻭﺁﺛﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺁﻳﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻓﺎﺧﺘﻠﻂ ﺳﻜﺎﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻳـﺪ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﰎ ﺑﲔ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﻭﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺯﺝ ﻭﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﰲ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﳊـﺪﻳﺚ ﺃﻭ ﰲ
ﻃﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺶ ،ﳑﺎ ﻳﺆﻛﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺎﺑﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﱂ ﺗﺘﺄﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺑﻞ
ﺍﺗﺴﻤﺖ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﲔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﻭﻧﺔ ﻭﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﲝﺴﻦ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻓﱳ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﲟﺪﻳﻨﺘﻪ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﺃﻧﺰﳍﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﱰﻟﺔ ﺍﶈﺐ ﺍﳌﻜﺮﻡ ،ﻓﺴﻌﻰ ﺳﻌﻴﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﳜﺼﻬﺎ
ﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﻀﺨﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳛﻔﻆ ﺗﺮﺍﺛﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ،ﻭﺣﺸﺪ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﻣﺪﻳﺪﺓ
ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺮﻩ ﳚﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻓﻮﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﰲ ﺳﻬﺮﺍﻢ ﻭﻣﻘﺎﻫﻴﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﺳﻮﺍﻗﻬﻢ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﰲ ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻔـﻪ
ﺇﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﺨﲑ ﻭﻳﺼﻄﻔﻲ ﺑﻞ ﺇﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ ﳚﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺘﺎﺕ ﳑﺎ ﺟﺮﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺷﺎﻉ ﰲ ﺃﺣـﺎﺩﻳﺜﻬﻢ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳉﺪ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳍﺰﻝ .ﻓﻬﻮ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻳﺘﻠﻮ ﺗﻠﻮ ﺃﻋﻼﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﻮﻳﲔ ﳑـﻦ ﻭﺿـﻌﻮﺍ
ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﻭﺩﻋﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺃﲰﺎﻋﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻔﺮﻕ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻠﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﳍﺠﺎﻢ ،ﺣﱴ
ﺇﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺬﻛﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻧﻘﺮﺽ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺎﺩ.
ﰒ ﺇﻧﻪ ﺍﺗﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻤﻲ ﺍﳍﺠﺎﺋﻲ ﰲ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛـﻲ
ﺍﺮﺩ ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻔﻈﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻨﻄﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺃﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﲰﺎً ﺃﻡ ﻓﻌﻼً ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻈﺔ
ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﳍﺠﺎﺋﻲ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺎ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻊ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺮﻯ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻤـﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺑﻞ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ ﺣﺮﻭﻓﻬﺎ ،ﻓﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ "ﺃﺷّﺮ" ﻣﺜﻼً ﻻ ﲡﺪﻩ ﰲ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ "ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ"
ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﻳﺸﺮﺡ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻲ ﰲ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ "ﺃ ﺵ ﺍ ﺭ ﺓ" ،ﰒ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺃﻱ ﰲ ﻣـﺎﺩﺓ "ﺃ
ﺵ ﺭ" ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺃﺷﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺗﻪ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﳏﻖ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﳌﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺟـﻮﻉ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻭﻷﻥ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻗﺪ ﳜﺘﺼﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﳜﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻱ ﳍﺎ.
ﺑﻞ ﺭﲟﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻓﺘﺮﺍﻩ ﻳﺴﺘﻘﺼﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﱐ ﲨﻴﻌﺎً ﰒ ﳚﻌﻞ ﻟﻜـﻞ
ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﺎً ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻼً ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﻯ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ "ﺍﻷﺩﺏ" ﺃﻭ "ﺍﻟﺪﺷﻠﻲ" ﺃﻭ "ﺩﻕ" ﺃﻭ "ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ" ﺃﻭ "ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ".
ﻭﲦﺔ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﻗﺪ ﻭﻗﻊ ﳍﺎ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﻖ ﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺻـﺎﺎ ﺃﻭ
ﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻧﻄﻘﻬﺎ ،ﻓﻴﻌﻤﺪ ﺇﱃ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻛﻞ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻛـﺜﲑ ﻣـﻦ
ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺘﻪ :ﺭﺑّﺞ ﻭﺭﻭﺑﺞ ﻭﺍﻷﻫﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻫﲔ ،ﺑﻞ ﺭﲟﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﻯ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﱃ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻧﻄﻘﻬﺎ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ.
ﻭﺗﺄﰐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﻳﺮﺩ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ
ﺍﻟﱵ ﻋﻤﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺛﺮﺍﺋﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﺗﺘﺠﻠﻰ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭﺇﳌﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﺪﺭﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴـﻞ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻁ ،ﻓﺎﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻳﻌﲏ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺟﺬﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﺮﰊ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻃـﺮﺃ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻫـﺬﺍ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﻴﺊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ،ﻭﺇﻣﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻳﻌﲏ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﺎ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﺻﺎﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻒ
ﰲ ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺣﺮﻭﻓﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺎ ﺩﺧﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ،ﻭﺇﻣﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﺻﻞ ﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻭﺭﰊ،
ﻓﺘﺮﺍﻩ ﻳﻜﺸﻒ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﻳﺔ ﻓﺎﺋﻘﺔ ﻭﺣﺮﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﻛﺒﲑ.
ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻌﺠﺰﻩ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﰲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺋﻚ ،ﻓـﻼ
ﳚﺎﺯﻑ ﺑﺮﺃﻱ ﻗﺎﻃﻊ ﺑﻞ ﻳﻌﺘﺮﻑ ﻗﺎﺋﻼً :ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﳑﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ،ﰒ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻀﺮ ﻋـﺪﺩﺍً ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ
ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻈﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﻧﺎﺳﺒﺎً ﻛﻞ ﺭﺃﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ،ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺃﻳﻪ ﺍﳋـﺎﺹ
ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﺟﺤﻪ ،ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺫﻟﻚ "ﺩﺭﻛﻞ" ﺃﻭ ﻫﻴﻄﻠﻴﺔ" ﺃﻭ ...ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻜﺎﺩ ﲣﻠﻮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺷـﻌﺒﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ،ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺃﻋﲏ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻔﻀـﻲ ﺇﱃ ﻛـﺜﲑ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﺬ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺩ ﺑﲔ ﺃﺭﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺎﺕ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﻖ ﻭﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎﻕ ﻓﻠﻢ ﳚﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﻭﺍﺟﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﺘﻪ
ﻓﻌﻞ ،ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﻣﻔﺮﻗﺔ ﲝﺴﺐ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺑﻴﺎﺎ ﻭﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻓﻨﺮﻯ
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻣﺜﻼً ﰲ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻭﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺣﺮﻑ
ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻟﻒ ﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺩ ﰲ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺭﻣﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﻖ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻻ ﺗﻌﺪﻭ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜـﻮﻥ
ﺭﺩﻳﻔﺎً ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﺤﻰ ،ﻓﺒﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻮﺯ ﻳﺴﻬﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ
ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ .ﻓﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺳﻴﺊ ﻧﻄﻘﻬﺎ ﺗﺼﻌّﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ،ﺑـﻞ
ﺭﲟﺎ ﻓﺴﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺑﻔﺴﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﻖ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻔﻴﺾ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺣﻔﻠﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻗﻮﺍﻝ ﻭﺍﳊﻜﻢ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺜﺎﻝ
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻏﺎﱐ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﺇﱃ ﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻎ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﻘﺎﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺪﻱ ﺍﳋﱪﺓ
ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺎﻳﺸﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ ،ﻓﻼ ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﻻ ﲢﺲ ﺃﺎ ﻏﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻉ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ.
ﻭﺍﳌﻤﺘﻊ ﺍﳌﻔﻴﺪ ﺣﻘﺎً ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﻔﲏ ﰲ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻳﺎﺕ
ﻭﺍﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﻷﻥ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻉ ﻟﻴﺲ ﳑﺎ ﻳﻨﻔﺮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺑﺎﺀ ﻓﺤﺴﺐ ،ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﻗﺪ ﲡﺪﻩ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ
ﺑﺜﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻔﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﻴﺔ ﺷﻔﻴﻒ.
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻎ ﺍﻟﺸﱴ ﻳﻌﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﺷﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻤﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻼ ﻋﺠﺐ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺮﺩﺩ
ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻸﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻏﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺎ ﳚﻌﻞ
ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻔﺲ ﻭﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻞ ،ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﺚ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﻃﺮﺍﺋﻖ
ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺡ ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﺡ ﻣﺎ ﺇﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺘﻌﺬﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺀ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻃﻮﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻭﱂ
ﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ.
ﻭﻏﲏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﳉﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳍﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ﻟﻮﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺣﺘﻀﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ
ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﻌﻬﺪﺕ ﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻳﻌﺪ ﺍﳋﻄﺔ ﻹﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﺎ ﻭﻃﺒﺎﻋﺘﻬﺎ ،ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻟﺖ
ﳐﻄﻮﻃﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻳﺪﻱ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﻓﺄﻋﺮﺿﺖ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺣﲔ ﺭﺃﺕ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬـﺎ ﻣـﻦ
ﺣﺴﻦ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﻛﺒﲑ ﺟﻬﺪ .ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺜﺒﺖ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻭﳌﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻭﺻﻴﺎﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﻉ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﳝﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻠﻴﻖ ﲟﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﻟﺪﺓ.
ﻭﻟﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﺃﻧﺸﺌﺖ ﻟﺘﻘﻮﻡ ﲟﻬﻤﺔ ﻃﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺐ
ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺜﺮﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺸﻐﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ،ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ،ﻓﻤﺎ ﻇﻨﻚ ﺑﻌﺰﳝﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻟﲔ
ﰲ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﺮﻓﲔ ﻭﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺇﺫ ﻧﺸﻄﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﻨﻬﻮﺽ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺐﺀ ﻣﺰﻫﻮﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻤﻀﻮﺍ ﺑﻼ ﺗـﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﻻ
ﻓﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﻮﻃﺌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺰ ﻭﻳﺴﻬﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺮ ،ﻓﻜﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﲔ ﺑﺄﻥ ﳛﻈﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﺮ ﻭﻭﺍﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻓﺎﻥ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺯﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﺮ ﺃﺧﻠﺼﻪ ﻭﺃﲰﺎﻩ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺭﺛﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﺣﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻗﺪﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺣﻖ
ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ﻓﺄﻫﺪﻭﺍ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﳐﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻮﻫﺎ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ.
ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ...
ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻠﺪ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺄﺧﺮ ﺻﺪﻭﺭﻩ ﻭﻃﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭﻩ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻭﻱ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣـﻦ
ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻹﺗﻘﺎﻥ ﻭﻳﻜﺴﺒﻪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﻰ ﻭﺍﻻﻃﻤﺌﻨﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻋﺴﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺼﻞ ﺍﳍﻤﺔ ﻤﺔ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻟﺘﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻠﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻣﺔ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﺍﷲ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻬﺪﻱ ﺇﱃ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ.
ﳏﻤﺪ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ
ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ
ﲨﻊ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺎ ﻭﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﺎ ﻭﻓﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻀﻔﻮﺭﺍً ﻣﻊ ﺃﻭﺍﺻﺮ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﻻﻫﺜﺔ ﺳﻮﻳﺪﺍﺀ
ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﻱ.
ﲨﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺩﺭﺳﻬﺎ ﻭﺻﺎﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﺒﺚ ﺎ ﻳﺪﺍً ﺑﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﻉ ﰲ ﺣﻘﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻳﺸﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﳑﻦ ﺑﻌﺠﻮﺍ ﺳﻘﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ١٩ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻟﺖ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺁﺑﺎﺋﻬﻢ :ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﻘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ
ﺃﺧﻄﺮ ﺣﻘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ :ﺇﺫ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﻱ ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﻛﺄﺎ ﺻﺒﺖ ﰲ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ،
ﺃﻣﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺣﻘﺒﺘﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻓﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺩﺛﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻋﺎﺕ ﺁﺧﺬﺓ ﺑﺮﻗﺎﺏ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻏﲑﺕ ﻛﻞ ﺃﻭﺍﺻـﺮ
ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺒﻴﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻉ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺪﺏ ﻟﻠﺸﻌﺐ ﻻ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﺭ
ﻓﺤﺴﺐ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﻓﺤﺴﺐ ،ﻭﻻ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﺒﺘﻮﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ.
ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﺄﻣﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺻﺪﻕ ﻭﺳﺪﺍﺩ ﺣﺎﻓﻞ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﻬﺞ ﺻﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﲑ ،ﻓﺈﱃ ﻫـﺬﺍ
ﺍﳌﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺃﺩﻳﺮﻭﺍ ﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ،ﻭﻫﻼ ﻭﻫﻼ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﻌﻜﻢ.
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ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﳝﻦ ﻭﺇﻗﺒﺎﻝ ﻭﺇﻃﻼﻝ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻢ ﺭﺑﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﺫ ﻗﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺿﻄﻠﻊ
ﲟﻬﻤﺔ "ﺣﻠﺐ" ﻭ "ﻗﺼﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ" ﻭ "ﺍﻧﻀﻮﺍﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺳﺮﺍﺩﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ" ﻭ "ﻣـﺪﻯ ﻣـﺎ ﻓﻜـﺮ
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ" ﺑﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺗﻪ ،ﻭﻣﺎ؟ ﻭﻣﺎ؟.
ﻭﻛﺄﱐ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺇﺫ ﻗﻀﻰ ﺃﺩﺭﻙ ﺑﻄﻮﻝ ﺭﺑﻮﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﻥ ﻗﻀﺎﺀﻩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻭﺿﲎ ﻭﺑﻠﻮﻯ ﻓﺘﺪﺍﺭﻛﲏ
ﲜﻠﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺳﻢ :ﻳﺮﻯ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻯ ﻭﺍﶈﻦ ﻭﻗﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﺮﺍﺀﺎ.
ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﻤﻦ ﻳﺼﱪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻼﻭﺓ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﰊ :ﻫﺬﻱ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺭﺟﺄﺕ ﻧﺸﺮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﺬﻳﻞ ﻭﻣﻨـﻬﺎ
ﻳﺒﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺠﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺴﻂ ،ﰒ ﺇﻥ ﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﻗﺮﺋﺖ ﺑﻞ ﺩﺭﺳـﺖ ،ﺇﱃ ﺩﺃﺏ ﻻ
ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻮﱏ ﺳﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ.
ﻫﺎ ﺃﻧﺬﺍ ﺃﻟﺘﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻓﻮﺍﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺻﻤﻌﻲ ﻭﻣـﻦ ﺟـﺎﺭﺍﻩ
ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﳓﻮ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻗﺮﻭﻥ ،ﰒ ﻫﺎ ﺃﻧﺬﺍ ﺃﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺃﻣﺴﻴﺎﰐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧـﺰﺍﻧﱵ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺧـﺮﺓ
ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻗﻠﺐ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺧﻄﺊ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺻﻴﺐ ،ﰒ ﺗﺒﻴﻴﺾ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﻔﻴﻼً
ﺑﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ،ﻭﻟﻴﻄﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﻟﻴﻄﻞ ،ﻭﻟﻮﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺁﺫﻧﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺮﻭﺏ ﻷﻃﻠﺖ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻭﺃﻃﻠﺖ.
ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻲ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﻓﺤﺴﺐ ،ﺑﻞ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺮﺣﻬﺎ ﻭﳎﺎﳍﺎ
ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻲ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻲ ﻭﺗﺪﺍﺭﻛﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺰﻋﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺪﺍً ﺑﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﺛﻮﺭ.
ﻭﻛﻨﺖ ﺣﺮﻳﺼﺎً ﺃﻥ ﺃﺳﺘﻤﺪ – ﺟﻬﺪ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻥ – ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﻓﺎﺗﺼﻠﺖ ﻭﺃﺛﺮﺕ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻮ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﱵ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺆﻟﻒ ﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﻧﺼﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﺮﻣـﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺊ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ.
ﻭﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺻﺤﱯ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻬﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﺭ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬـﺎ،
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﻓﻬﺪﺭ ﰲ ﺣﺴﺎﻢ ﻭﺗﻔﺎﻫﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ.
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ﻳﻘﻴﲏ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺗﺘﺠﻠﻰ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻧﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﻭﺃﻋﻄﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻛﻤـﺎ
ﺣﺮﺻﺖ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﱵ.
ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻘﺎﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﱵ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﱯ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ :ﺟﺎﺀ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﻮﺀ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ،ﻭﻳﺎﳉﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ! ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﱯ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ! ﻭﺃﳘﺲ
ﻟﻚ ﺃﱐ ﻭﺣﺪﻱ ﻭﺣﺪﻱ ﰒ ﺇﱐ ﻣﻀﻄﺮ – ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﲔ – ﺃﻥ ﺃﻋﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺃﺿﲎ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻷﺭﺑﺢ ﻗـﻮﺕ
ﻳﻮﻣﻲ ﻭﻷﺭﺑﺢ ﲦﻦ ﺃﺩﻭﻳﱵ ،ﰒ ﺇﱐ ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺴﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻫﻲ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻷﺳﻘﺎﻡ ﱂ ﺗﺴـﻤﻊ ﻫـﺬﻩ
ﺍﻷﺳﻘﺎﻡ ﻣﲏ ﺁﻫﺔ ﻗﻂ ،ﺣﱴ ﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﺮ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻢ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻣﺮﻣّﺪ ،ﺑﻞ ﺗﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﺴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺏ ﺣﻨﻮﻥ.
ﻭﻻ ﺗﻨﺲ _ ﺇﻥ ﺷﺌﺖ – ﺃﱐ ﺃﺩﺭﻛﺘﲏ ﺣﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻦ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺏ ،ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺛﻴﻞ ﰲ ﺻﻮﻣﻌﱵ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺐ
ﺣﺘﻤﺎً ﻫﻲ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﻟﻴﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻡ ﰲ ﺻﻮﻣﻌﱵ∗ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻣَﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺎﻓﻆ! ﺗﺸﻜﻮ؟ ﺃﺗﺸﻜﻮ ﻭﺃﻧﺖ ﻗﻠﺖ:
"ﻟﻘﺪ ﺳﻘﻴﺖُ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻴﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺭﺣﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺏ ،ﻭﺧﺘﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻔﱵ ،ﻓﺸﺮﺑﺖ ﺩﻡ ﻗﻠـﱯ ﰲ ﺻـﻤﺖ
ﻭﺳﻜﻮﻥ".
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ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺣﺪﺙ ﺻﺤﺒﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﺘﻚ :ﻭﺃﻳﺴﺮ ﻋﻨﺎﺀ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺟـﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ
ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳍﻨﺪﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻮﻣﺮﻳﺔ ،ﻭﲦﺔ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ
ﺃﻣﺪﺕ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ.
ﻭﻃﻐﻰ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎً ﺳﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺑﲑ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺗﺸﺎﺑﻜﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺼﺎﻟﺒﺖ ﻓﻴﻔﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺷﲑ.
ﻭﺗﺴﻦ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﻓﺄﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻫﺘﺪﻱ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺑﺴﻄﻬﺎ.
ﻭﻓﺮﻕ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﲔ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ :ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻷﻭﻝ :ﺩﻭﻥ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺎ ﺣـﱴ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻒ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺎً ﻗﻠﺖ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ.
∗ ﺃﲰﻌﺖ ﲜﺎﻣﻊ "ﺻﺎﻧﻜﻲ ﻳﻴﺪﻡ" ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺑﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﺁﱃ ﺗﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺗﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﲏ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺎً ﻭﺁﱃ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺃﻥ ﳛﺮﻡ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﻼﺫ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﺃﻣﻨﻴﺘﻪ ،ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺪ ﰲ ﻣﻄﻌﻤﻪ
ﻗﺎﺋﻼً" :ﺻﺎﻧﻜﻲ ﻳﻴﺪﻡ" ﺃﻱ :ﻫﺒﲏ ﺃﻛﻠﺖ ،ﻭﺷﺄﻧﻪ ﺷﺄﱐ ﻫﻮ ﻳﺮﺿﻲ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺑﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺭﺿﻴﻪ ﲟﺘﺤﻒ ﺻﻮﻣﻌﱵ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﻭﺧﺰﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻗﺪ ﻓﺴﺪ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻛﺜﲑﻳﻦ ﻳﺘﺮﺻﺪﻭﻥ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﱵ ،ﺣﱴ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻫﻔﻮﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺪﺕ ﻋﲏ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺭﻓﻌﻮﺍ ﻋﻘﲑﻢ ﺑﻜﻼﻡ ﻳﻠﻴﻖ ﻢ ،ﻟﻴﺖ ﺷﻌﺮﻱ ﺃﻳﻦ
ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺳﻴﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺛﺮ ﻷﰊ ﺣﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻧﺪﻟﺴﻲ ،ﻭﺃﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ "ﻟﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ" ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﱂ ﺇﻻ ﻭﲤﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺍﺳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﺳﻴﺒﻮﻳﻪ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ
ﻷﻥ ﻋﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻏﲑ ﻋﲔ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻞ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺽ.
ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃﻓﺎﻧﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻓﺄﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ :ﺗﺸـﺒﻴﻬﺎﺎ ،ﳎﺎﺯﺍـﺎ ،ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﺎ،
ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﺎ ،ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﺎ ،ﺟﻨﺎﺳﻬﺎ ..
ﻭﺗﺘﺠﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻓﺎﻧﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ :ﰲ ﺃﺩﺍﺋﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌـﻲ ،ﻭﻧـﺪﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻋﺘـﻬﺎ،
ﻭﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ ،ﻭﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺣﻜﺎﻳﺎﺎ ،ﻭ..
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﺠﻠﻰ ﰲ ﺳﺒﺎﺎ ﻭﻜﻤﺎﺎ ﻭﲤﭽﻜﺎﺎ ﻭﻗﻠﺘﻨﺎﺎ ﻭﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺃﻫـﻞ
ﺍﻟﻘﺠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﺘﺔ ﺟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻼﻟﻴﺐ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﻭﻗﻞ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺣﻴﻞ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺑﻈﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺮﻗﲔ ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﱯ ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﻢ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﺮﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺡ ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﺡ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﺸﻴﺪﺓ ﺧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻭﻧﺸﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺘﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺱ ﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳّﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳍﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﻓﺤﺪﺙ ﻭﻻ ﺣﺮَﺝ.
ﻭﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺎ ﻭﺃﻟﻌﺎﺎ ﻭﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﺍﺎ ﻭﺧﺮﺍﻓﺎﺎ ﻭﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﻭ ..
ﻭﻟﻼ ﺃﻧﺲَ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﺷﺮﺍﺎ ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻌﺎﳉﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻼﺑﺴﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﺮﺵ ﺑﻴﻮﺎ.
ﻭﺃﳊﻖ ﲟﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺯﺭﺍﻋﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﲡﺎﺭﺎ ،ﺣﱴ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﰒ ﻟﻼ ﺃﻧﺲَ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﺎ ﻭﺃﺳﻮﺍﻗﻬﺎ ﻭﺧﺎﻧﺎﺎ ﻭﻗﻴﺴﺮﻳﺎﺎ ﻭﻗﺴﺎﻃﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺳﺒﻼﺎ ﻭﻗﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﺒﺐ
ﺃﲰﺎﺋﻬﺎ – ﻣﺎ ﺃﻣﻜﻦ ،-ﺯﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﰲ ﺃﺭﺑﺎﺿﻬﺎ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﺃﻧﺎﺳﻬﺎ ﻓﻸﻗﺘﺼﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻢ ﻷﻧﲏ ﻻ ﺃﻭﺛﺮ ﺍﳌﺪﺡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺬﻡ ،ﻭﻣﺮﺟﻌﻬـﺎ "ﺇﻋـﻼﻡ
ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ" ﻭ "ﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ" ﻭﳓﻮ "ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ" ﻟﻠﺰﺭﻛﻠﻲ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻭﳎﻼﺕ.
ﺣﱴ ﻔﺎﺕ ﳎﺎﻧﲔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺳﺠﻠﺘﻬﺎ.
ﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﺫﳍﺎ ﻭﺳﻔﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﳓﻴﺘﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺩﺭﺟﺘﻪ – ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ – ﰲ "ﺫﻳـﻞ ﻓـﻮﺍﺕ
ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ"∗ ﺣﺮﺻﺎً ﻣﲏ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﱵ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳُﺠﺮﺡ ﺫﻭﻗﻬﻢ ﺍﳋﻠﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺭ
ﺍﶈﺘﺸﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﻓﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺑﺬﻱﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ.
ﻧﻌﻢ ﻋﻤﺪﺕ ﺇﱃ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻊ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﺗﲏ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ،ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﰲ ﻣـﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺮﺃﻫـﺎ ﰲ
ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﰒ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻞ .ﺃﻣﺎ ﺛَﺒَﺖُ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻓﻴﺠﻲﺀ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻓﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻞ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻞ.
∗ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﻒ ﺃﻧﻨﺎ ﱂ ﻧﻌﺜﺮ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻭﺫﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺯ ﻡ .ﻙ
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ﻭﺑﺪﻫﻲ ﺃﻧﲏ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺪﻥ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺑﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻛﻠـﻪ ﺃﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻠـﻬﺠﺎﺕ
ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ،ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﺳﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﳍﺠﺔ ﲪﺎﺓ ﻭﺩﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻗﺔ ﻭﺩﻣﺸﻖ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﺣﻀـﺮﻣﻮﺕ
ﻭﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﻭﻣﺎﻟﻄﺔ ﻭ..
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻈﻲ ﺣﺴﻨﺎً ﺃﻥ ﺯﺭﺕ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ∗.
ﻭﻟﻦ ﺗﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﺻﻮﻓﻴﱵ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﳒﺰﺕ ﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻭﻻ ﺷﻜﻮﺭﺍً ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻗﻠﺖ؟:
"ﻻ ﺗﺸﻚ ﺩﻫﺮﻙ ،ﻟﻘﺪ ﻃﺒﻌﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺣﺴﺒﻚ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﻋﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻞ ﺟﺮﻳـﺮﺓ
ﻭﺫﻧﺒﺎً.
ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻳﺴﺎﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ،ﻓﻴﺎ ﻭﻳﺢ ﻗﻠﱯ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻏﺘﺮﺏ".
ﻭﻟﻦ ﻳﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﻗﺎﺭﺉ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﱵ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻣﺘﺪﺡ ﺑﻠﺪﻱ ﻭﺃﺳﻨﺪ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ،ﻓﺄﻧﺎ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ
ﺃﺻﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﺥ ﻛﻤﺎ ﳘﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺳﻴﻄﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﰲ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳋﺎﺀ "ﺧﻨﺎﻓﺲ ﺣﻠﺐ" ﻛﻨﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﻗﺎً
ﺻﺪﻗﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﻮﺍﻃﻦ ﻣﺂﺛﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﱪ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﱵ ﺃﱐ ﺃﺣﺘﺮﻡ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺒﺪﺃ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺃﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺎً ﺃﻡ ﺩﻳﻨﻴﺎً ﺃﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺎً ،ﻭﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺎً ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺇﺣﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﳏﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﺤﻰ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﺣﺮﻭﻓﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑـﺎﳊﺮﻭﻑ
ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﻓﻼ ﺃﺣﺘﺮﻣﻬﻢ ،ﻷﻢ ﻋﻤﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺿﻰ ﻭﺍﳉﺤﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﳍﺪﻡ ،ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻌﻠـﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺘﺼـﻮﺭ
ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺫ ﺍﳌﺮﻭﺀﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﺼﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﺤﻰ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺩﺭﺳﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻭﺯﺭﻋﻨﺎ ﺣﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﺮﺍً ﻣﺪﻳﺪﺍً ،ﻭﺃﻟﻔﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ
ﺁﺛﺎﺭﻧﺎ ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ "ﺃﻏﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺔ" ﻓﺤﻀﻨﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺃﻱ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲪﻠﻪ ،ﺃﻗﻮﻝ :ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺫ ﺍﳌﺮﻭﺀﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻨﻜﺮ
ﻓﻀﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺎ ﲪﻠﺖ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﲞﻄﻬﺎ ﺍﶈﺎﺭﺏ ﰲ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻮ – ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﻌﺼﺐ – ﺃﺭﻭﻉ ﺧﻂ
ﰲ ﺍﳋﻄﻮﻁ ،ﻭﱂ؟ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﺘﻐﲏ ﻋﻦ ﻟﻐﻮ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻴﻎ ﻋﻦ ﻟﻐﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ،ﻭﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﳛﺎﺭﺑﻮﻥ ﺷﻴﻮﺧﻨﺎ
ﻭﻣﻼﺫﻧﺎ.
-٥-
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻟﻒ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺳﻴﺪﺍ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﻜﻠﻼﻥ ﺣﻘﺎً ﺑﺘﺎﺟﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺒﻞ ،ﺃﻋﲏ ﻤﺎ
ﺃﲪﺪ ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﻭﺃﲪﺪ ﺃﻣﲔ ،ﺍﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﺳﻌﺪ ﺷﺒﺎﰊ ﺑﺰﻳﺎﺭﻤﺎ ﻭﺗﻨﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﺒﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﺒـﻮﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺟـﻼﻝ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ.
∗ ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻟﻨﺎﻗﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻣﺜﻼً :ﺃﻏﻨﻴﺔ" :ﻃﻠﻌۤﺖ ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺍﺣﻠﻰ ﻧﻮﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﻮﺳۤﺔ" ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺣﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺑﻞ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﳊﻨﻬﺎ " ﺳﻴﺪ ﺩﺭﻭﻳﺶ" ،ﻭﺟﻮﺍﺑﻨﺎ :ﻏﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﺣﻠﺐ
ﻭﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﰲ ﺗﺮﺍﺛﻬﺎ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ "ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩ" ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻓﺤﻠﺐ ﰲ ﻧﻈﺮﻧﺎ ﺟﺰﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻛﻠﻬﻦ ﺿﻢ ﻭﺷﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻓﺮﺿﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺗﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ.
ﰒ ﺇﻥ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﻃﺒﻌﺖ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺑﺪﻭ ﻣﺮﻳﻮﻁ ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ
ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﻭﻏﲑﳘﺎ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﱵ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻄﺮ :ﳓﺎﻭﻝ ﳓﻦ ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺪﺭﺱ ﳍﺠﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻴﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﻭﳎﺎﻣﻌﻨﺎ
ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﳓﻘﻖ ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺣﻘﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺸﺊ ﳎﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻧﺺ ﰲ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ
ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻬﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﲟﺼﺮ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﺮﺍﺋﻲ ﰲ "ﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ" ﺹ :١٢٩ﻭﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﺷﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﻬﻬﺎ ﺑﺄﺟﺰﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻊ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ "ﻓﻴﺸﺮ" ﰲ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﻌﺠﻤﻪ :ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺺ ﺍﳌﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺻﻨﻔﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﺇﱃ
ﺃﻥ ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺑﻞ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻴﺦ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ،
ﻭﻣﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﳌﻌﺠﻢ ﻋﺼﺮﻱ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﺠﻤﺎً ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺎً .ﻭﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﳛﻮﻱ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
ﺗﺪﻭﻭﻟﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺍﻭﻟﺔ ﰲ ﻟﻐﺔ ﻣﺎ ﳍﺎ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ...
ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ ﺗﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﺘﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﻋﺎﳌﻲ ،ﻓﻼ ﻳﺮﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺫﻛﺮﻩ
ﻣﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﰲ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺜﻼً ،ﻓﺎﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺗﻔﺮﺽ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺳﺠﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺃﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﺎﳌﻲ.
ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺁﺯﺭﱐ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﱵ ﳔﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺻﺪﻗﺎﺀ ﻭﺫﻛﺮﺕ ﺃﻣﺴﺎﺀﻫﻢ ﻟﻮﻻ ﺃﻢ ﺃﳊﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺃﳘﻞ
ﻧﺸﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﻠﻬﻢ ﺷﻜﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ.
١٩٧٠ – ٢ – ١٤
ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪﻫﺎ ،ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ ،ﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ ،ﻜﻤﺎﺎ ،ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﺎ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﺎ،
ﳎﺎﺯﺍﺎ ،ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﺎ ،ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﺎ ،ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﺎ ،ﺟﻨﺎﺳﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﺍﺎ ،ﺧﺮﺍﻓﺎﺎ ،ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ ،ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺎﺎ ،ﺳﺒﺎﺎ،
ﲤﭽﻜﺎﺎ ،ﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ ،ﻣﻮﺍﻭﻳﻠﻬﺎ ،ﺃﻏﻨﻴﺎﺎ ،ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﺎ ،ﺗﺼﺤﻴﻔﺎﺎ ،ﻣﻌﺎﻇﻼﺎ ،ﺩﻋﻮﺍﺎ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻓـﻼﻥ،
ﻣﺰﺍﺣﻬﺎ ،ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﺎ ،ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﺎ ،ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺃﻣﻬﺎﺎ ،ﺷﺪﻳﺎﺎ ،ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺎ ،ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻔﺎﺕ ﳎﺎﻧﻴﻨﻬﺎ،
ﻣﻼﺑﺴﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻄﺎﲞﻬﺎ ،ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﺎ ،ﻗﺮﺍﻫﺎ ،ﺑﻮﺍﺩﻳﻬﺎ ،ﺣﺎﺭﺍﺎ ،ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺳﻬﺮﺍﺎ ،ﲤﻠﻘﺎﺎ ،ﺇﺣﺼﺎﺀ ﻋﺎﻡ ،ﺛﻘﺎﻓـﺔ
ﻋﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﺗﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺃﻧﺎﺳﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻗﻼﻣﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﻢ ،ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ
ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺁﺩﺍﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﻋﻜﺎﻛﻴﺰ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺗﻨﺪﺭﺍﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﲤﻠﻘﺎﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺎ ،ﻣﻦ
ﻋﻨﺠﻬﻴﺎﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﺎ.
ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺎﺝ
ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳍﺠﺎﺀ:
ﺭ ﺫ ﺩ ﺥ ﺡ ﭺ ﺝ ﺙ ﺕ ﭖ ﺏ
ﭪ ﻑ ﻍ ﻉ ﻅ ﻁ ﺽ ﺹ ﺵ ﺱ ﮊ ﺯ
ﻱ ﻭ ﻫـ ﻥ ﻡ ﮒ ﻝ ﻙ ﻕ
ﻓﻬﻮ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ
ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﭖ = Pﳓﻮ ﭘﺎﭘﺎ.
ﭺ = TCHﳓﻮ :ﭼﺎﺩﺭ.
ﮊ = Jﳓﻮ :ﮊﺍﻣﺒﻮﻥ.
ﭪ = vﳓﻮ :ﭬﻴﻢ.
ﮒ = GUﳓﻮ :ﮔﻭﻝ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺋﺘﺎﺕ ﻭﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺋﺘﺎﺕ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺋﺖ:
ﺍٔ = Aﳓﻮ :ﺁٔﻩ.
ﻭٓ = oﳓﻮ :ﺗﻮٓﺏ.
ﺍۤ ﻱۤ ﻫـۤ ﳓﻮ :ﺗﻴﺎۤﺏ ،ﺑﻴۤﺖ ،ﺟﺰﻣۤﺔ.
ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺋﺖ:
ﳓﻮٔ :ﱂ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ. ٔ
ﳓﻮٕ :ﺑﺮٓﻏﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﺑﲔ ﺑﲔ. ٓ
ﳓﻮﻋٕﻤۤﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺑﲔ ﺑﲔ. ۤ
ﳓﻮٕ :ﺑﻜﺘٓﺐ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﻻ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺃﲰﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺩّﺓ. ٕ
-ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺮﺩﺓ – ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ :ﻭﻫﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ :ﺃﻱ :ﻭﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺩﺓ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ.
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ﻒﻟﻷا
ﻭﳐﺮﺝ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺍﳊﻠﻖ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺒـﺪﺃ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳍﺠﺎﺋﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺃﻟﻴﻒۤ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﳌﺨﺎﺭﺝ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷَﻟﻒ ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻴﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨَﺒَﻄﻴﺔ :ﺍٓﻟَﻒ ﻋﻦ
ﻭﺍﳋﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﻋﺪّﺍ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳉﻮﻓﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟۤﻒ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧّﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﺎﺓ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻴﻨﻴﻘﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺪﺭّﺝ ﰲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺝ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻞ ﲣﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻮﻑ، ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟۤﻒ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﻣﺮﻳﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﻧﺼﻒُ ﻣﺪّ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑـﻦ ﺟـﲏ ﰲ "ﺳـﺮّ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺛﻴﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃَﻟْﻒ :ﺑﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـﻼﻡ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠـﻢ
ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ" :ﻣﺘﻘﺪﻣﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮﻳﲔ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤـﺔ ﺍﻷﻟـﻒ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺷﺘﻖ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﺃﻣﻢ ﺍﻟﻐـﺮﺏ
ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ..، ﻭﻛﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻄﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺭﲰﺖ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺧﻄﺎً ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻳﺎً ﺃَﺧﺬﺍً ﻣﻦ
ﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﰲ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻮّﺟـﺖ ﻭﺗﺮﺳﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺣﺎﺩﺓ ﺿﻠﻌﺎﻫﺎ ﳓـﻮ
ﺃﻋﻼﻩ. ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲔ ،ﻳﻘﺎﻃﻌﻬﺎ ﺧﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻠﻌﲔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﺃﻣﺎﻟﺖ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻭﺃﳊﻘـﺖ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃَﻌـﺔ ﺑـﺎﳋﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤـﻮﺩﻱ
ﰲ ﻃﺮﻓﻴﻪ ﻫﻨﺔً ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﻴﺔ. ﻣُﺨﺘَﻠَﻒ ﰲ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﲔ:
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﺎﺟﺘﺰﺃﺕ ﺑﺎﳋﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ :ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ -ً ١ﺃﺎ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﳋـﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤـﻮﺩﻱ
ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳚﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺴﺎﻃﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮﺍﻓﻘﻬﺎ ،ﻓﻼ ﲤـﻮّﺝ ﻭﻻ ﻫﻨـﺔ ﳎﺬﺍﻓﻬﺎ ،ﺑﺂﻳﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬـﺎ
ﺗﺰﻳﲔ. ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔُ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌـﺎﻧﻴﲔ ﺍﻷﻟـﺰﻡ ﺃَﻭ ﻫـﻲ
ﻭﺭﲰﺖ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﲟﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻓﻨﻴﺔ :ﺇﺫ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻋﻬﻢ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ.
ﺃَﻥ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻧﻘﻄﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﻢ - ً ٢ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺭﺃﺱ
ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﰲ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻌﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﳋﻄﻮﻁ ﺛﻮﺭ ﺍﺧْﺘَﺰِﻝ ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺯ ﻗﺮﻧـﺎ
ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳋﻄﺎﻃﲔ. ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺭ ،ﺑﺂﻳﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﺜـﻮﺭ
ﻭﰲ "ﺭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺇﺧﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎ ﺝ ١ﺹ :" ٦٤ﳚﻌﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ؛ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻛﻠﻤﻮٓ:
ﻏﻠﻈﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎً ﻟﻄﻮﻟﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ ..،ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ" :ﻭﺍﻋﻠﻢ " ﻭﻣﻰ ﺑﻞ ﺣﺰ ﭘﻦۤ ﺍﻟﻒ ﺷﱴ ﺑﻌﻞ ﺑﻘﺮ " ﺃﻱ :ﻭﻣﻦ ﱂ ﻳﺮَ
ﺃﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺑﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺷﻌﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭﻱ ﰲ ﺃَﻟﻔﻴّﺘﻪ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﺟﻌﻠْﺘُﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺻُﻮﺍﺭ) :ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻴﻊ(،
ﻗﺪ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺳﺒﻊ ﻧﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻠﻢ ،ﻭﻣﻘﺘﻀﺎﻩ ﻭﺗﺸﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴﺔَ ﺃُﺧﺘُﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳـﺔ :ﺟـﺎﺀ ﰲ
ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺳُﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻝ". ﺍﻟﺘﺜﻨﻴﺔ ١٣ :٧ﻭ " ٤ :٢٨ﺷۤﺠَﺮ ﺍﻟۤﻔﻴﺨۤﺎ " ﺃﻱ :ﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺑﻘﺮﻙ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﻗﻒ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ. ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ.ALPU :
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ :ﺻـﺎﺡ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪّﻡ ﻭَﻫِﻢ ﺍﺑﻦُ ﺳِـﻴﺪَﻩ ﺇﺫ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﰲ
ﺑٔﺮْﻭٔﻇﻮٓ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ. "ﺍﶈﻜﻢ" ﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴﺪﻱ ﰲ "ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ" :ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑـﺎﻷﻟﻒ
ﻷﺎ ﺗَﺄﻟﻒ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ )ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﳏﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻞ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ
ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ(.
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ﻭﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ ﰲ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
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ﻭﻃﺎۤﺭﻗﺎ ﺭﺍﺳﺎ ،ﺷﻮﻓﺎ ﺑﺎﺳۤﺖ ﺇﻳﺪ ﺃﻣّـﺎ ،ﻛَﻠْﺴۤـﲔ ﻋﻠﻴّـﺎ، ﻭﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﺭﺍﻩ ﻋﺪّ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳍﺠﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ :ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ..،
ﻭﺳﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺧﻠﻘﺎ ،ﻓﻴﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻟـﻒ ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﳍﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻼﻡ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ "ﻫﺎ" ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔﻮﺍ ﺃﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻨﺔ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺳـﺮﺩﻫﺎ
ﻭﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﻟﻜﻦ ﻫﺪﻳﻚ ﺃﺑﻮّﺍ ﻭﺃﺧـﻮﺍ ﺧٔﻠّـﻮﱠﺍ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳍﺠﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ :ﺃﻋـﲏ "ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟـﻒ" ﺃﻡ
ﻭﻋﺪّﻭﺍ ﻋﻨﺎ ﻭﺯٕﻋْﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻨّﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻮﺍ ﻳﻄﻠْﻌﻮﺍ ﻓﻴّﺎ :ﻣـﻦ ﻛـﻞ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ "ﻻ"؟ ،ﻭﺗﺮﻯ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣُﺴﺘﻮﻓَﻰ ﰲ ﳐﻄﻮﻃﻨﺎ
ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺴﺎﻛﻦ ﻭﳊﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺒﺔ ﻳﻀﺎﻋﻒ "ﺍﻷﻟﻒ" ﻧﺸﺮﻧﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺳـﻨﺘﻬﺎ
ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻦ. ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ ،ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺣﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺯﻛﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑـﻪ
ﺇﻟﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﶈﻔﻮﻅ ﻭﺗﺎﺭﳜﻪ ٢٨ﺍﺑﺮﻳﻞ .١٩٢٢
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻧﻌﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﺎﻷﻗﺮﻉ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﻜّﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ
ﻷﻋﻮﺭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﮑﭼﺍّ. ﻭﺍﺧﺘﲑﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﻡ ﰲ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ" :ﻻ" ﺃﻭ "ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﻒ"
ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻼﻡ ﺭﻛْﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺃَﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ " :ﺍﻝ".
ﻳﺴﺘﺜﲎ ﳑﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻴﻒ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺃﲜﺪ،
-ً ١ﳓﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ "ﺍﻟﻜَﺪﺏ" ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴَﺔ
ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ" :ﻛﻨّﺎ ﺗﻼﺗﺔ ﰲ ﺑﺘّﻪۤ ﺃﺟﺎﻧﺎ ﺍﳌﻮﺕ ﺻﺮﻧﺎ ﺳﺘّﺔۤ: ﻭﺍﺫﺍ ﺗﻼ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﺃﻟﻒ ﻟﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﺮﻭﺍ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻉ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻃﺮﺵ ﻭﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻋﻤﻰ ﻭﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻋﺮﺝ؛ ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺵ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺜﻠﲔ ﻓﺮﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﺪﺓ ۤ:ﳓﻮ :ﺁﺩﻡ ﻣﺮْﺁﺓ ﻣَﺂﺛﺮ.
ﺃﻧﺎ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺴﻤﻊ ﺻﻮٓﺕ ﺑﻘّﺔ ﺑﺴﻤَﺎﻫﺎ ،ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﻋﻤـﻰ :ﺍﻱ
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌَﺪّﺓ ﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﻣﺄﺧﻮﺫ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ " ﻣُـﺪﱠ ":
ﻭﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﲏ ﺃﺭﺍﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺝ :ﻳﺎﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﻮ ﻧٕﺮ َﻛٓـﺪ
ﺑﺼﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ.
ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ" ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺄﻟﻒ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻏﺎﺋﺒـﻬﺎ
"ﻫﺎ" ﻻ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ. ﻧﻌﻢ ﺭﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺑﺸﺮﻁ ﺃَﻥ ﺗﺘﺼﺪﺭ ،ﻭﺑﺸـﺮﻁ
ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺒﻖ ﺑﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺪ ،ﺃﻭ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺒﻖ ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ﻛﺎﻷﻣﺜﻠـﺔ
-ً ٢ﺃﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻭﻋﻦ ﻭﰲ ﻭﻟۤﻲ ﺍﶈﺮﻓﺔ
ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
ﻋﻦ ﺇﱃ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﺇﳊﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺒـﺔ
ﺟﺎﺯ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﻋﻠﻴّﺎ ﻭﻣﻨّﺎ ﻭﻋﻨّﺎ ﻭﻓﻴّﺎ ﻭﻟﻴّﺎ ﻭﺟﺎﺯ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ: ﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﻥ ﺳُـﺒﻘﺖ ﺑﺴـﻜﻮﻥِ ﻣـﺪﱟ ﻛﻘـﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻟﻴﻬﺎ. ﻭﻣﻮﺑﻮﺀﺍﺕ ﻭﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺮﺳﻢ ﻣﺪﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻨّﺎ ﻣﻨّـﺎ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻣـﺎ ﺗﺰﺍﻋۤـﻞ ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﻥ ﱂ ﺗﺴﺒﻖ ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ،ﺃَﻋﲏ :ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﻥ ﺳﺒﻘﺖ
ﲪﺎﺗﻚ. ﺑﻀﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻜﺴﺮ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺮﺳﻢ ﻣﺪﺓً ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً :ﳓـﻮ ﻣـﺆﺍﻣﺮﺓ
ﻭﻣِﺌﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴّﺎ.
ﻭﻳﺰﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﳓﻮ ﺭﺃﻯ ﳑﺎ ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ﺃﺧـﲑﺍً
ﺗﻔﺨﻴﻢ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ
ﺭﲰﺖ ﻳﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻣﺪّﺍً ﻣﺮﻗّﻘـﺎ :ﺑـﺎﺕ،
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺰﺍﺩ ﳓﻮ ﻗﺮﺃﺍ ﳑﺎ ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﻻﺛﻨﲔ.
ﻭﻣﻔﺨﻤﺎ :ﻗﺎﻝ.
ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺒﺔ
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺗﺮﻗّﻖ :ﺟَﻠَﺐ ،ﻭﺗﻔﺨﻢ :ﻗٔﻤﺮٔ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺒﻘﺎﺑﺎ ﻣۤﺎﺷﻴۤﺔ
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ﻭﺷﺬﺕ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺣﻖﱡ ﺃﻟﻔﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﺘﺤﺘـﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴـﻖ ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ " ٔ " ﻳﺸﻜﻞ ﺎ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻔﺨﻢ.
ﻓﻔﺨﻤﻮﻫﺎ ﺷﺬﻭﺫﺍً ﻣﻨﻬﺎ:
ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﻗﻘﺎ ،ﻭﺗﻔﺨﻴﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺪﻋﻴﻪ ﺣـﺮﻑ
-ً ١ﺿٔﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﻈـﺮ ﺍﻟﻔـﻮﺍﺕ: ﻣﻔﺨﻢ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﺠﺎﺭﻳﺎﻧﻪ ﻟﻠﺠﺮﺱ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ.
ﺿﺮﺑﺎﻥ،
ﻭﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻔﺨﻤﺔ ﻫـﻲ ﺍﳌﺴـﻤﺎﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ -
-ً ٢ﺑﺎٔﺏ ﰲ ﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ :ﺑﺎﺏ. ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻠﻴَﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﳋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻈﺎﺀ
ﻭﺍﻟﻐﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻑ ﳓﻮ :ﺧٔﺎﻟﺪ ﻭﺻٔﺎﺑﺮ ﻭﺿٔﺎﻳﻊ ﻭﻃٔـﺎﻳﺮ ﻭﻇٔـﺎﱂ
-ً ٣ﻣٔﻲْ ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﲨﻌﻬﺎ :ﻣٔﻴّﺎﺕ.
ﻭﻏٔﺎﻟﺐ ﻭﻗٔﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﻳﻠﺤﻖ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻟﺔ :ﺭﺍﻛۤﺐ.
-ً ٤ﻫﺎٔﺩ ﰲ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ ﳌﻦ ﻳﻘﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ :ﻣﻨﻮ ﻫـﺎٔﺩ،
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺧٔﺮﻧﻮﺏ ﻭﺻٔﱪ ﻭﺿٔﺒﻊ ﻭﻃٔﺒﻞ ﻭﻇٔﻬﺮ ﻭﻏٔﻨَﻢ
ﻭﰲ ﺗﻌﺠﺒﻬﻢ :ﺃﺷّﻮ ﻫﺎٔﺩ.
ﻭﻗٔﻠﺐ ﻭﺭٔﺣﻴﻢ.
-ً ٥ﻳَﻠٔﺎ ﺍﻭ ﻳَﻠٔﻪ :ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻣﺾِ ﺳِﺮ ،ﻭﳘـﺎ
ﻭﺷﺬّ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻔﺨﻴﻢ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﷲ ﺍﶈﺬﻭﻓﺔ ﺧﻄـًﺎ
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻳﺎ ﺃﷲ !
ﺗﻔﺨﻴﻤﺎً ﳌﺪﻟﻮﳍﺎ ﻭﻟﻮ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺣـﺮﻑ
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻻﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ. ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺷﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺍﻻّ ﺗﺴﺒﻖ ﺑﻜﺴﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺎﺀ.
-ً ٦ﻳٕﻤّﺎٔ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻳﺎ ﺃﻡ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻭﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻒ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﺷﺬّ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻧﺼـﺖ ﻋﻠﻴّﻬـﺎ ﻛﺘـﺐ
ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻮﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﻳٕﻤّﺎٔ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺎﺏ.
ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺨﻴﻢ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ
-ً ٧ﻣٔﺎﻣٔﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ. ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻔﺨﻤﺔ ،ﻭﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺎ ﺗﻔﺨﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺗﻼﳘﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﺮﺍﻋﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﻛﻤـﺎ
-ً ٨ﺑٔﺎﺑٔﺎ ﺃﻭ ﭘﺎﭘﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﺏ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَـﺄ ْﺑَـﺄ
ﺗﺮﺍﻋﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﳓﻮ :ﺩٔﺍﺥ ﻭﺯٔﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﻧٔﺠﺎﺹ ﻭﺑـﺎٔﺽ ﻭﺷـﺎٔﻁ
ﺍﻟﺼﱮّ :ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺑﺎﺑﺎ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻟﭙﺎﺀ ﻳﻘﻠﺪ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ.
ﻭﺑﺎٔﻅ ﻭﻳﺎٔﻍ ﻭﺳﺎٔﻕ.
-ً ٩ﻫٔﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻬﻴﺔ :ﻫٔﺎ ﻫﻠﻖ ﻓﻬﻤﺖ ،ﺃﻭﻋﻰ ﺗﻀـﻴّﻊ
ﻭﳓﻮ :ﺑٔﺦ ﻭﺑٔﺮْﺩ ﻭﺑٔﺼٔﻢ ﻭﻓٔﻀْﻞ ﻭﻓٔﻄّـﻮﻡ ﻭﻧٔﻈـﻨٔﻆ
ﻣﺼﺮﺍﻃﻚ ﻫٔﺎ.
ﻭﺑٔﻐﻞ ﻭﺳٔﻘﺴٔﻖ.
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ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻨﺎﺩَﻱ ﺑﺂ ،ﻭﺭﺩّ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻪ ﺁ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ -ً ١٠ﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺩﺍﻫﺎ :ﺗﻌﺎ ﺑﻘﺎ ﻳٔﺎ.
ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺝ ٣ﺹ.٢٦٢
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﺨﻠﻞ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻴـﻊ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﳍﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﻃﺊ ﻗﻮﻳﻖ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﲬﺴﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﲪﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ " ﺁ " :ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﱄ ﺃﺎ ﳘﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ،ﻛﺄﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﻳﻌﻴﺪ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﺒﺘﲔ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﳐﻠﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻤﻨﺪﺭ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌـﺮﻕ
ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻣﻘﺘﺼﺮﺍً ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ. ﻳﺴﻘﻴﻪ ﳎﺎﻧﺎً ﺑﺈﻧﺎﺀ ﻣﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻮﺯ ﺍﳍﻨـﺪ ،ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻳﻨـﺎﺩﻱ:
ﺍﳊﺎﻣﻮٓﺽ ﺍﳊﺎﻣﻮٓﺽ ﺍﳊﺎﻣﻮٓﺽ ﻳٔﺎ ﻭﳝﻂ " ﻳٔﺎ ".
ﻧﻌﻮﺩ :ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺮﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﺭﺩّﻩ ﺗﻌـﺒﲑﺍً
ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴﺎً :ﻳﺎ ﺣﺴﲔ ! ﻳﺎ ﺣﺴﲔ ! ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻞ :ﺁٔ ﺁٔ. -ً ١٠ﺁٔ :ﺍﻟﱵ ﳚﻴﺒﻮﻥ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻧﻈـﺮ
ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ "ﺁ".
ﻭﺗﻘﺎﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺃﻥ ﳚﺎﺏ ﺑﻨﻌﻢ.
-ً ١١ﻳٔﺎﺑٔﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛَﺎﻭﻱ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﲡﺎﻭﺯ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﺁ ﺃﺟﺎﺑﻮﻩ:
ﻭﻋﺼﺎ..، -ً ١٢ﺃﺑّﺎٔﻫﻴّۤﺔ ﺍﶈﺮﻑ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﺃ ﺁّ :ﺃﻭ ﺃَ ﺃّ ﻭٓ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻟﺔ،
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ﺍﻷﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻨﻮﺏ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻄﻔﻞ ﺑﻨﻐﻢ ﺣﻨﻮﻥ ﻟﻴﻨـﺎﻡ
ﻓﻬﻲ ﺇﺫﻥ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﱎَ ﳎﺴّﺪﺓ ﺑﻨﻐﻢ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺗﲔ ﺑﻌﺪﳘﺎ ﺃﻟﻒ ﻟﻴﻨـﺔ،
ﻭﲰﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﻭٓﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻏﺴﺘﻮٓﺱ :ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺃﻏﺴﺘﻮﺱ ﻗﻴﺼﺮ:
ﻭﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺑﺖ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺣﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﺸﻌﺮﻩ ﺃﺎ ﲜﻨﺒـﻪ ﺗﺮﻋـﺎﻩ ﻭﻻ
ﺃﻭﻝ ﻗﻴﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﺭﻭﻣﺎ ،ﲰﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﲰﻪ ﲣﻠﻴﺪﺍً ﻻﲰﻪ ،ﻭﻷﻧﻪ ﺃﺣﺮﺯ ﰲ
ﺧﻮﻑ ﻭﻻ..،
ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﺭﺍﺗﻪ.
ﻭﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﻣﺎ ﺰّ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺭﺟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺪّﺓ ﻟـﻪ
ﻭﺟﻌﻠﺖ ﺃﻳﺎﻣﻪ ٣١ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﻟـﺌﻼ ﻳﺸـﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺼـﺮ
ﺻﺎﺋﺤﺔ ﺃ ﺁّ ﺣﺒﻴﱯ ﺃ ﺁّ ﻓﻴﺰﺩﻫﻲ ﻭﻳﻄﺮﺏ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﻭﻳﻨﺎﻡ.
ﺃﻏﺴﻄﻮﺱ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺼﺮ ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮﺱ :ﲤﻮﺯ.
ﻭﻗﻮﳍﺎ ﺃ َﺃ ﻭٓ ﺗﻨﻮﻳﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻐﻢ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺃﻏﺴﺘﻮﺱ ﻭﺃﻏﺴﻄﻮﺱ
ﻭﺃﻏﺴﻄﺲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎً ﻟﺮﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﲔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻏﺴﻄﻮٓﺱ . ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺮﺩﻑ ﺃ ﺁّ ﺑﻨﺤﻮ ﻗﻮﳍﺎ " :ﻧﺎﻡ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺑﲏ ﻧـﺎﻡ ﻻ
ﺩﺑﺢ ﻟﻚ ﻃﲑ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ،ﺃ ﺁّ ﺃ ﺁّ ﻭﻳﺎﲪﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﻻ ﲣﺎﻓﻮﺍ ﻋﻢ ﺪﻱ
ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺃﻏﺴـﻄﻮﺱ ﻛـﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺴـﻤﻮﻧﻪ -
ﻻﺑﲏ ﻟﻴﻨﺎﻡ " ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻐﻢ ﺣﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻐﻢ ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻪ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺃﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ
ﺳﻜﺘﻴﻠﲔ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺫﺍﺭ ﻭﺃﺿﺎﻓﻮﺍ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ
ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﻃﺮﺏ.
ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﺎﻁ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺗﻜﺮﱘ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺼﺮ ﻓﻐﺪﺍ ٣١ﻳﻮﻣﺎً.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ . ﻭﲦﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻧَﻨِّﻲ ﺗﺮﺍﺩﻑ ﺃ ﺁ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ .AUGUST
ﻭﱂ ﳒﺪ ﻟـ " ﺃ ﺁ " ﺃﺻﻼً ﰲ ﻟﻐﺔ ،ﻓﻬـﻲ ﻋﻨـﺪﻧﺎ
ﻭﻧﻌﻮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺁﺏ ﻭﺃﺏ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺋﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺎﺕ
ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺖ ﻓﲏ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺍﳊﻠﻘﻲ ﺍﻷﻟﻄﻒ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﻨﺴﺠّﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻣـﺪﻟﻮﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺎﺕ
ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﺗﻪ ﻗﺮﻋﺘﻪ ﺍﳊﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺑﺂﺧﺮ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻗﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺞ ﰒ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻐﻠَﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺮ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻀﺞ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺃﻧﻘﻰ ﺃﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﺪّ ﳋﻠﻮﻩ ﻣـﻦ ﺿـﻢ
ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷَﺏّ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺸـﺪﻳﺪ :ﺍﻟﻌﺸـﺐ، ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺘﲔ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ.
ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻛﻬﺔ ﻳﺪّﺧﺮ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ" :ﻭﻓﺎﻛِﻬَﺔً ﻭﺃَﺑّﺎ".
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍۤﻱ ﺭُﻭﻛـﻮﻝ ﺑـﻒ ﻭﻧـﺎﻡ ﺃ ﺁ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺃَﺏّ ﺍﳌﺸﻬﻮﺭﺓ ﲟﻴﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﺴﺎﺗﻴﻨﻬﺎ، )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻃﻔﻞ(.
ﺯﺭﺎ.
ﺁﺏ :ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ ،ﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ
ﻭﰲ ﺁﺏ ﳚﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﻩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨـﺐ ﻭﺍﳉـﺒﺲ ﲤﻮﺯ ﻭﺃﻳﻠﻮﻝ ،ﺃﻳﺎﻣﻪ ٣١ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ،ﻳﺸﺘﺪ ﺍﳊﺮّ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﻭﻳﺒﺎﺷﺮﻭﻥ ﺟﲏ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻦ ،ﻭﻗﻄﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﻭﲡﻔﻴﻔﻪ.
ﻭﺁﺏ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﳊﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺸﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﱘ ﺍﻟﻴﻬـﻮﺩﻱ ﻭﺁﺏ
ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﻳﻨﻬﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـﺪﺭﺍﺱ ﻭﻳﻨﻘﻠـﻮﻥ ﺍﳊﺒـﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﱘ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﱐ.
ﺍﳋﺎﻧﺎﺕ.
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﺁﺑـﻮ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻵﺷـﻮﺭﻳﺔ
ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﻳﻐﺮﺳﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻮﺯ ﻭﻳﺮﺯﻋﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺼّـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺷـﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﻣﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺒﻄﻴـﺔ ﺃﺏ ﻭﺁﺏ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ ﻭﻓﺴﺘﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺫﳒﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ _ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﺳﺎ ﻭﺍﳌﺪ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻣَﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻧﺦ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻔﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺠـﻞ ﻭﺍﳌﻠﻔـﻮﻑ ﻭﺍﳉـﺰﺭ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺃﺑَﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﺑﺎٓ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻤﻨﺪﺭ.
-٨-
ﻭﻳﻌﺪّ ﰲ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ ﺃﻋﻼﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﻭﺃﻓﺨﺮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻴﻞ " ﺁﺏ " ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻘﺼـﺐ ،ﻭﻓﻴـﻪ
ﻣﺴّﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻓﺎﺣﺖ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﺫﻛﻴﺔ. ﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺐ.
ﻣﻨﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻭﺟﺰﺭ ﺍﶈﻴﻂ ﺍﳍﻨـﺪﻱ ﻻ ﻭﻗﻴﻞ " ﺁﺏ " ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺀ ﲰﻮﻩ ﺑـ
ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺳﺮﻧﺪﻳﺐ ﻭﻣﻮﺭﻳﺲ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺒﺖ ﰲ ﺑـﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺑـﺔ، " ﺁﺏ " ﻟﺸﺪﺓ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻪ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻳﻌﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻓﻴﺤﺮﻕ ﻏﻠﺘﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﲤﻮﺯ ﺍﳍﺎﻭﻱ ﻭﺁﺏ ﺍﻟﺸـﺎﻭﻱ ،ﺁﺏ
ﻋﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺑﺔ ﻭﲰَﻮﻩ ﻫَﱭۤ. ﺍﻟﻠّﻬﺎﺏ ) ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ ( :ﻃﺒَﺎﺥ ﺍﻟﺘﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌْﻨﺎﺏ ،ﺑﺸـﻬﺮ ﺁﺏ
ﺍﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﻭﻻ ﺎﺏ ،ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﺑﺘﻤﻄﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺷـﻬﺮ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻫَﱭۤ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﺁﺏ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺟﺎ ﺁﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻴۤﻒ ﻋﺎﺏ ) ﺃﻭ ( ﺑﻄﻨﻌﺶ ﺁﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻒ
ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻣـﻦ ﻟﺴـﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺏ: ﻋﺎﺏ ،ﺍﳌﺎ ﺩﺭّﻯ ﺑﺂﺏ ﺷﺤﻢ ﻗﻠﺒﻮ ﺩﺍﺏ.
ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻣﺼﺮﻱ ﻧﺒﻬﲏ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺳﻼﻣﻪ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻇﻼﻢ[ :ﺭَﺟُﻞ ﻫَﺮّ ﺍﻟﺘُﻮﺕ ﰲ ﺣـﺮّ ﺁﺏ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﺔ :ﺇﻳﺒﻴﻨﻮﺱ. )ﺗﻘﺮﺃ( :ﺭِﺟْﻞ ﻫِﺮّ ﺍﻟﺘَﻮَﺕ ﰲ ﺣﺮ ﺍﺏ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣١ﺹ . ٦٤٨
ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺒﺸﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻴَﻨﻮﺱ.
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﻠﺪ ٧ﺟـ ١ﺹ . ٢٢
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺃﺑﻨﻮﺳﺎٓ.
ﺍﻵﺏ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ :ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻵﺏ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﻦ ﻭﺭﻭﺡ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺃﺑﺎﻧﻮﺱ. ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺱ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻵﺏ :ﺍﻷﺏ :ﺍﻷﻗﻨﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻗـﺎﻧﻴﻢ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺍﻵﺑَﻨـﻮﺱ ﺍﻷﳍﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ.
ﻭﺍﻵﺑُﻨﻮﺱ ﻭﺍﻵﺑﻨﻮﺱ ﻭﺍﻵﺑْﻨﻮﺱ ﻭﺍﻵﺑُﻨُﺲ ﻭﺍﻷﺑَﻨَﻮﺱ ﻭﺍﻷَﺑَﻨﻮﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﺑﺎٓ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﺏ ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺁﺑﺎٓ،
ﻭﺍﻷَﺑْﻨﻮﺱ ،ﻭﰲ ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﺍﻷَﺑْﻨُﺲ. ﻭﻣﺪّ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺨﻴﻢ ،ﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺃَﺑَﺎ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺋﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺳَﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺸِﻴﺰَﻯ. ﻭﺭﺍﻋﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﺋﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴـﺮﻳﺎﱐ ،ﻭﺇﻥ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺃَﺑـﺎﻧﻮﺯ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻻ ﲡﻴﺰ.
ﻭﺁﺑْﻨﻮﺱ ﻭﺁﺑﺎﻧﻮﺯ. ﺍﻵﺑﺴْﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :ABCÉSﺍﳋُﺮﺍﺝ :ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺡ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔُ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ: ﺁﺑﻨﻮﺱ :ﺍﻵﺑﻨﻮﺱ ﺷﺠﺮ ﺣﺮﺟﻲ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺑﺔ ﻻ
ÉBÉNIERﻟﻠﺸﺠﺮﺓ ﻭ ÉBÉNEﻟﻠﺨﺸﺐ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔُ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ: ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﳒﺎﺭﺗﻪ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻌﻨﻒ ،ﻟﺘﺮﺍﺹّ ﻣﺴـﺎﻣّﻪ،
EBONYﻭﺍﻷﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺍﻳﺒﻴﻨﻮﻡ ،ﻭﺍﻳﺒﻴﻨـﻮﺍﺯ ،ﻭﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـﺔ ﺛﻘﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﺃﻣﻐﺮ ) ﺃﻋﲏ ﺑﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺓ :ﺍﻟﻄـﲔ ﺍﻷﲪـﺮ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.EBONAO : ﻳﺼﺒﻎ ﺑﻪ ( ﻭﻳﺰﺩﺍﺩ ﺳﻮﺍﺩﺍً ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻋﻤّﺮﺕ ﺷـﺠﺮﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺤﺔ.
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ﺍﺋﺘﻤﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺋﺘﻤﻨﻪ :ﺍﲣﺬﻩ ﺃﻣﻴﻨﺎً ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ: ﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﻵﺑﻨﻮﺱَ ﺍﻟﻌﺮَﺏ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺒّﺎﺳـﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ
ﺃﻣِﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻮﺭﺩﻭﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﳊﺒﺸﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﻋﻼﺟﺎً ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﲣﺬﻭﺍ
ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺝ ﺇﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺑـﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓـﺬ ﻭﺯﺧـﺎﺭﻑ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﻌﺰﻝ ﺍﳌﻮﻇﻒ ﺑﺘﻬﻤﺔ ﺳﻮﺀ ﺍﺋﺘﻤﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻋﺪ ﻭﲤﺎﺛﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻄﺮﻧﺞ ﻭﺃﺣﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺮﺩ ،ﻭﺃﺧﲑﺍً
ﺁﺗﻮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ ATOUTﲟﻌـﲎ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴـﻊ، ﺃﻣﺎﺯﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻜﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﻛَﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﺣﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺴـﺒﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﻘـﺎﺑﺾ
ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻮٓﻟﻮٓ. ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻄﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﻭ..،
ﺍﻵﺟﺎﺭ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻹﳚﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ ﺁﺟـﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺗﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﻋﻼﺟـﺎً ﻓﻘـﻂ.
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ. ﻭﻟﺴﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻳﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻮﺑﺮﻱ ﺍﳊﻠﺐ ﺷﻴﺒﻪ :ﺹ ٥٣ﻣﻦ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻧﻪ:
ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻵﺟﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﲨﻊ ﺍﻷﺟـﺮ :ﺍﳉـﺰﺍﺀ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺍﻵﺑﻨﻮﺱُ ﻋﺎﺟﺎً ﻓﻠﻸ ﻋـ
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺏ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﺟﻮﺭ.
ﻳﻦِ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﻟﻠﻘﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏُ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺳـﺎﻭﻭﺍ ﺑﻴﻨـﺎﺗﻦ ﻋﻘـﺪ ﺁﺟـﺎﺭ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﻘﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﲑﺓ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﻮﺍﻓﻞ ﺣﻠﺐ ﲢﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺌﺠﺎﺭ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ ﻋﻘﺪ ﺇﳚﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺌﺠﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﺍﳋﻄﺄ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ،ﻭﳒﺎﺭﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻳﻊ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮﺗﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺎﺝ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺇﺫ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺁﺟﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺌﺠﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ.
ﺁﺟٔﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺁﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺇﳚﺎﺭﺍً :ﺃﻛـﺮﺍﻩ ﺇﻳﺎﻫـﺎ
ﻭﻗﻠﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﺋﺬ ﻓﺠﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﳋﺸـﺐ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳉـﻮﺯ
ﻭﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﻪ ﻳﺆﺟﺮ ﻻﻳﺆﺍﺟﺮ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﺆﺟﺮ ﻻﻣﺆﺍﺟﺮ ،ﻷﻥ ﺁﺟـﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﻌﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻔﺪ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻴﺘﺎﺡ ﺷﺮﺍﺅﻫﺎ ﲟﺒﻠﻎ ﻣﺘﻴﺴّﺮ.
ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﻻ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﻗﺸﺮﺍً ﻟﺘﻐﺸـﻴﺔ ﺿـﺮﻭﺏ
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[:
ﺍﳌﻮﺑﻴﻠﻴﺎ ﻓﻴﺒﺪﻭ ﺻﻘﻴﻼً ﳌّﺎﻋﺎً.
ﺗﺎﺟۤﺮ ﺑﺪﻳﻨﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﲰَﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠَﺪ ﺗﺎﺟۤﺮ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ٨٩ﺹ . ٣٠
ﻭﺑﺄﻟﻒ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭ ﻧﻔﺴَﻚ ﺃﻭﻋﻰ ﻻ ﺗﺂﺟۤﺮ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﲑ ﺱ ٤ﺟـ ٩ﺹ . ٣٠
ﺁﺟۤﺮ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮﻏﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﻮﺏ ﻋـﻦ ﺣﺎﻣـﻞ ﺍﻵﺑٓﻮﻧۤﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺳـﻴﺔ :ABONNÉﺍﳌﺸـﺘﺮﻙ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺶ :ﺁﺟۤﺮ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺃﻧﻠﲏ ﻣﻌﻚ ﺃﺟﺮ ﲪﻞ ﺍﳉﻨـﺎﺯﺓ ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺒـﻪ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻛﺎﳌﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﰲ ﺟﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻫﺎﺗﻒ.
ﺍﳌﺘﺨﻠﻲ :ﺃﺟﺮﻱ ﻭﺃﺟﺮﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺁﺟـﺮ ﺍﷲ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﭘ ﺎﺭﳕﺎﻥ . ﺍﻟٔﺂﭘﺎﺭﲤﺎٔﻥ:
ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪَ :ﺃﺛﺎﺑﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﭘﻮﻟﻴﺖ . ﺍﻟۤﺎﭘﻮٓﻟﻴۤﺖ:
ﺍﻵﺟۤﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻵﺟﻞ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺟﻞ.
ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻻﺋﺘﻼﻓﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﺋﺘﻼﻓﻴﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺪﻙ ﺗﺼـﻞ ﳊَﻘـﻚ ﺁﺟِـﻼً ﺃﻭ
ﺣﺪﻳﺚ :ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻀﻢّ ﳑﺜﻠﲔ ﻋﻦ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﱰﻋﺎﺕ.
ﻋﺎﺟﻼً.
ﺍﺋﺘﻠﻒ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺋﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ :ﲡﻤﻌـﻮﺍ ،ﺃَﻧِـﺲ
ﺍﻵٔﺟَﻨْﺘﺎٔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :AGENTEﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ ،ﺃﻣـﺎ
ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ.
ﺍﻟﻮﻛﺎﻟﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ.AGENZIA :
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ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃَ ﺥّ . ﺁٔﺥ :ﺃﻭ ﺃَﺥّ: ﺍﻵﭼﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑَﺤﻜﻲ ﻣﻌﻚ ﺑﺎﻵﭼﻖ :ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺁٔﭼﺎٔﻕ :ﺍﳌﻜﺸﻮﻑ ،ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻳﺢ ،ﻭﻓﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺃٔﭼّٔـﻖ.
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺮﻓﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﺕ ـﺎ ﻟـﺪﻯ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ .
ﺁﻻﻣﻬﻢ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻻﻋﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﺮﺩ :ﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺁﭼٔﻖ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻄـﺎﻩ
ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺁﺡ :ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠـﺔ: ﺗﻠَﺖ ﺃﻭﺍﭼﻖ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻮﻗﻪ ﺁﺧـﺮ ﻓﻬـﻮ
ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺟﻊ ﻛﺄﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺡّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﻮﺟﻊ ،ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺁﺥ ﺑﺎﳋـﺎﺀ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻠﻀﺮﺏ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻠﺤﺒﺲ.
ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻤﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﻜﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﰲ ﻟﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ :ﺍﻳﻜـﻲ ﺁﭼۤـﻖ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭﻙ. ﻛَﻮﺭﻣﺎﺯ )ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ( ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﻜﺸﻮﻓﺎﻥ ﻻ ﻳُﺮَﻳﺎﻥ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻ ﻳﺘﺴﻠﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﳋﺼﻢ.
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﭽﻜﺎﻢ[ :ﺁﺥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻛﻠﺔ ﳐﺎﺥ.
ﺍﻵﺎﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻻﻋﱯ ﺍﻟﺸﻄﺮﻧﺞ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻟﻴﺲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻚ :ﺁﺥ ﻗﻮﻝ ﻟـﻮ:
ﺑﻮﺳﻊ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻄﺮﻧﺞ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﻄﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻄﻌﱵ ﻷـﺎ
ﻭﺳْﻼﺥ )ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﺍﳋﺎﱄ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ(.
ﺣﺠﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻩ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺁﺎﺯ :ﻻ ﻳﻔﺘﺢ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺿـﺮﺑﻮﻩ ﻋﺒﻄﻨـﻮ ﺻـﺎﺡ :ﺁﺥ
ﺁﺣٔﺎ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺣﺪ ﰲ ﳍﺠـﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻬـﻮﺩ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ
ﺿﻬﺮﻱ.
ﺣﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺄَﻝ ﻗﺎﻟﻮ :ﺍﻟﻼﺣﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟّﻠﺤّﺎ ﲜﻲ ﻟﻌﻨﺪَﻙ ،ﻳﺰﻋﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺁﺧﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺃَﺧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻳﻬﻮﺩ ﺣﻠﺐ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﺧـﺬ، ﺃﻢ ﳛﺬﻓﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﻧﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﳏﻤﺪ.
ﺣﺬﻓﻮ ﺩﺍﳍﺎ ﻧﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﳏﻤﺪ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺰﻋﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ.
ﺍﻵﺣٓﻮﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻓﻘﻂ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﺍﻵﺧٔﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻏﲑ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧـﺚ :ﺍﻷُﺧـﺮﻯ ﺍﻻﺳﺖ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺧﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻳﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﺎ ﺗﺪﺍﱐ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻵﺧَﺮﻳﻦ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺣَﺮْﺗٓﺎ ﻭﺃﺣْﺮﻳﺘٓﺎ :ﺍﳋﻠﻔﻲ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺘـﻬﻰ،
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃَﺣَﺮ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺣَﺮْﺗﺎ ﻭﺃﺣﺮﻳﺘَﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛَﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﺁﺧﺮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺳﺄﻝ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻳﻬﻮﺩﻱ :ﺩﻟﲏ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺩﻭﺍ ﻳﻜﺒّﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﺭﺏ.
ﺍﻵﺧۤﺮ :ﺃﻭ ﺁۤﺧۤﺮ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ﺁۤﺧْﺮۤﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻵﺧِﺮ
ﻭﺍﻵﺧِﺮﺓ :ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ،ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ،ﺍﺳﻢ ﻟﻔﺮﺩ ﻻﺣﻖ ﳌﻦ ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻪ -ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻏﲑ ﺩﻫﻦ ﺍﻵﺣﻮٓﺭ
ﱂ ﻳﺘﻌﻘﺒﻪ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ. -ﻭﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﺒﺎﻉ ؟
-ﻣﺎ ﺑﺒﻴﻌﻮﻩ ﺇﻻ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎ ﻟﻘﻤﺮﺟﻲ ﺁۤﺧﺮﺗـﻮ ﻧﻌـﻮﺫ ﺑـﺎﷲ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﺆﺍﺩﻩ ﻭﻧﺘﻴﺠﺘﻪ. ﻭﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﳌﺴﻜﲔ ﻭﻛﻞ ﻋﻄﺎﺭ ﻳﺰﺗّﻮ ﻟﻌﻨـﺪ ﻏـﲑﻭ،
ﺍﻟﻀﺤﻜﺔ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺁﺧﺮ ﻭﺁﺧﺮﺕ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﺰّ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﻭﻋـﺰّ ﺍﻵﺧْـﺮﺓ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ :ﺁﺧﺮ ﺯﻣﻦ.
ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﺁۤﺧﺮ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ،ﺧﻴﺎﻁ ﺁﺧـﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟٔﺂﺧْﺮﻩ. ﺯﻣﺎﻥ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻘﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[) :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ( ﻓـﻼﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﻟۤﺔ ﺃﻭّﻻ ﺷَﻬﺎﻣۤﺔ ﻭﺗﺎﻧﻴّﺎ ﻧﺪﺍﻣۤﺔ
ﻣْﻄﺒّۤﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﺰﻣّۤﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻵﺧْﺮٔﺓ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﻌﻠﻦ ﻭﺿﺎﻋﺘﻪ(. ﻭﺁﺧٕﺮْﺗﺎ ﻏﺮﺍﻣۤﻪ.
ﺍﻟۤﺂﺧْۤﺮِﻳّﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍً ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺁۤﺧۤﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻀﺐ ﺃﻭّﻟﻮ ﺟﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﺁۤﺧـﺮﻭٓ ﻧﺪﺍﻣٓـﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻜـﻼﻡ
ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻷﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻻ ﲤﺎﻝ :ﺁۤﺧْﺮﻳﱵ ﺁۤﺧْﺮﻳﺘﻨﺎ ﺁۤﺧْﺮﻳﺘَﻚ ﺁۤﺧﺮﻳۤﺘـﻚ ﻋﺎﻵۤﺧﺮۤﺓ.
ﺁۤﺧْﺮﻳﺘﻜٓﻦ ،ﺁۤﺧْﺮﻳﺘﻮٓ ﺁۤﺧْﺮﻳﺘﺎ ﺁۤﺧﺮﻳﱳٓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺁۤﺧۤﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺮ ﻃﻴﻂ )ﻋﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﲪﺪ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ :ﺍۤﺧﺮﻳﺔ :ﻭﺗﺸﺘﺒﻪ ﺑﻠﻔﻆ .. ، ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ :ﻭﻟﻸﺩﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻳﻒ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺟﻼﻝ ﺍﳌﺘـﻮﰱ
ﺍﻟٔﺂﺧﻮﺭ :ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻭﺍﺧﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٣١٥ﳌﺎ ﻃﺒﻊ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ " ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﺍﻗﻆ " ﻭﱂ ﻳﺼـﺎﺩﻑ
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﺻﻄﺒﻞ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﳊﻈﲑﺓ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻠﻮﻳﺔ :ﺁٔﺧﻮﺭ. ﺭﻭﺍﺟﺎً:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﺁﺧﻮﺭ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﻴﻂ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ :ﺍﻷﺑﻠﻪ ،ﺁۤﺧۤﺮ ﺍﻟﻠۤﻴﻞ ﺑﺘﺴـﻤﻊ
ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﻁ ،ﺧﻴّﺎﻃﺔ ﺁۤﺧۤﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ :ﺑﺘﻀﻴّﻊ ﺍﻟٕﺈﺑﺮۤﺓ ﺑﺘﻼﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺘﺒﺎﻥ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻴﻨﻴﺔ :ﺁﺧﻮﺭ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ :ﺃﻭّﻟٓـﻦ ﻟﻠﻌـﺬﺍﺏ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.ÉCURIE : ﻭﺁۤﺧٕﺮﺗۤﻦ ﻟﻠﻜﻼﺏ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﺷﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺧّﺎﻥ :ﻻ ﺃﻭّﻟﻮٓ ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻻ
ﺁۤﺧﺮﻭ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﺍﷲ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﻭّﻟﻮ ﻟﻠﻜﺒﺎﺭ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﻠﻴـﺔ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ.ECUDERIA :
ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ( ﻭﺁۤﺧﺮﻭ ﻟﻠﺤْﻤﺎﺭ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ.EQUILE :
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻮٓ ﺃﻭّٔﻝ ﺍﻟﻮ ﺁۤﺧۤﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ ﳏﻤـﺪ ﺍﳉﺰﻣـﺎﰐ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﺁﺧﺮﺗﻮ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻳﺮﺿٔﻰ.
ﺷﻴﺨﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﻄﲏ ﺑﺒﺎﻟﻚ ،ﻟﻴﺶ ؟ ﺃﺟﺎﺏ :ﻭﺍﷲ ﺑﺎﱄ ﻣـﺎ
ﻫﻮ ﺁﺧﻮﺭ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁۤﺧﺮﻳّۤ ﻪ .
ﺁﺩَﻯ :ﺃﻭ ﺁﺫَﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺁﺫﺍﻩ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻷﺫﻯ. ﺍﻵﺧْﺮٔﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻵﺧِﺮﺓ :ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ :ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻘـﺎﺀ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺩﻭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺂﺩﻱ )ﻳﺘﻮﳘﻮﻥ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺎﻥ -ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ.
ﺃﻢ ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﰲ ﺃﺫﻯ ﺍﳉﺎﻥ ،ﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺁﺧِﺮٔﺕ.
ﻟﺪﻯ ﺻﺐ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﱄ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺰﻗﺔ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮﻳﻦ ﻻ
ﺑﺘﺂﺫﻭﻧﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻣﻨﺂﺫﻳﻜﻦ.
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ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ . ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺗْﺂﺩَﻯ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺂﺫَﻯ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺧﺒﱢﻲ ﺍﳉﻤﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻟﻘﺮﺻـﺎﺕ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ :ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ
ﺁﺩﺍﺭ )ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻟﻘِﺮﺳﺎﺕ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ( ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻠﻔﻆ ﻗﺮﻳـﺐ ﺷﺒﺎﻁ ﻭﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ،ﺃﻳﺎﻣﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﺛﻼﺛﻮﻥ ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﻭﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺷـﻬﻮﺭ
ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ،ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻘﻔﺮﻭٓ ﺍﻟﺸﺘﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺑﻴﻊ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮﺯ ﻭﰲ ٢١ﻣﻨﻪ
ﺍﳋﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﰲ ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﻘﻔﺮﻭٓ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ،ﲟﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮﺍﱐ ﻭﻋﻴﻨـﻮٓ ﻳﻌﺘﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻩ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺃﺩﺍﺭ
ﺑﻠﱭ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ )ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺼﻮﻡ ﻓﻴﻪ( ،ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮﺯ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻝ :ﴰـﺲ ﺷـﺒﺎﻁ ﻭﺁﺫﺍﺭ ﻭﺃَﺫﺍﺭ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺍٓﺩٓﺭ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴـﺔ :ﺁﺭﺩﺍ -ﺭﻭ )ﺃﻭ(
ﻟﻜﻨﱵ ﻭﴰﺲ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻷﺧﱵ ﻭﴰﺲ ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﻟﺒﻨﱵ )ﻷﻥ ﻣﺜﻠـﻬﻢ ﺩﺍ -ﺩﺍ -ﺭﻭ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺼَﺨَﺐ ،ﲰﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺨﺐ ﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﺭﻋﻮﺩﻩ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﴰﺲ ﺷﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺘﺨﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺝ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳌﺨﺒﺎﻁ ﻟﺬﺍ ﺗﺘﻤﻨﺎﻫـﺎ ﻭﺑﺮﻭﻗﻪ.
ﻟﻜﻨّﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻷﻢ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﴰﺲ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﲡﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﺃﲪﺮ ﻟﺬﺍ
ﺗﺘﻤﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻷﺧﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻷﻢ ﻳﺮﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﴰﺲ ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﻣـﻊ ﻣﻄـﺮﻩ ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ ﻟﻔﻈﺎً ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﳍﺪّﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﻣﻌـﲎ
ﺗﻄﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻉ ﻓﺘﺘﻤﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻟﺒﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﻄﻮﻝ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ( ،ﺇﻥ ﺃﻗﺒﻠۤﺖ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺧﺐ ﺟﺪﺍً.
ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺃﳏﻠۤﺖ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ )ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻴﻨﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃَﺩﺍﺭ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺃَﺩﺍﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺷـﻮﺭﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﺸﺘﺎﺀ ،ﺃﻱ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻫﻄﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻄﺮ ﻭﻋﺪﻣﻪ( ،ﺍﻟﺴﻨۤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨَﺒَﻄﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﻣﺮﻳﺔ .ﻭﲰﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ
ﺑﺂﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻥ ﻛﻮٓﻧَﻨۤﺖ )ﺃﻱ :ﺇﻥ ﺃﻣﻄﺮﺕ ﰲ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﳍـﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﻫﻢ ﻭﺃﻥ ﳛﻤﻴﻬﻢ ،ﻭﺑﻪ ﲰﻮﺍ ﻛﻮﻛـﺐ
ﲤﻄﺮ ﺑﺂﺩﺍﺭ ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳋﺼﺐ( ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﳍﺪّﺍﺭ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺰﻻﺯﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺦ ﻣﺎﺭﺱ .MARS
)ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳍﺰﺍﻫﺰ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ( ﰲ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻃـﺎﻟۤﻊ ﺑﻘـﺮﻙ
ﻋﺎﻟﺪﺍﺭ) ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻠﻔﻆ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﻣﺎﺭﺕ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ( ﰲ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎ ﳌّﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﺞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻟﻐﻤﺎﺭ )ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻐﻤﲑ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴـﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﻏﻤﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻴﺒﺲ( ،ﻣﻄﺮ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﲝﻴـﻲ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﻣﺎﺭﺗﻴﻮﺱ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺑﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺃﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻮٓ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭ ،ﺭﺍﺡ ﺷْﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻐﺪّﺍﺭ ﻭﺃﺟﺎ
ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﳍﺪّﺍﺭ ،ﺷﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻵﺩﺍﺭ :ﺗﻼﺗۤﺔ ﻣﻨّﻚ .ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌـﺔ ﻣـﲏ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﻣﺎﺭﺕ.
ﺑﺘﺨﻠﱢﻲ ﻓﺺ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮﺯ ﻳﻐﲏ )ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺃﻳـﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺎﻳﺰ ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻳﺸﺘﺪ ﺍﻟﱪﺩ ﻭﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺎﺋﺰ( ،ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ: ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳـﺔ ﻓﺴـﻤﺘﻪ
ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭۤﺓ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻔﺮﻭۤﺓ. ،MARCHﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﺴﻤﺘﻪ .MARS
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﲡﻮّﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻠَـﺖ ﺍﺷـﻬﺮ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﻴـﺔ ﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ:
ﺟﺎﺑﺖ ﻟﻮٓ ﻣﺮﺗﻮٓ ﻭﻟﺪ ،ﺳﺄﻻ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ :ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻭﻛـﻦ ﻭﻛَﻨْـﺪَﺭﻩ .MARTIUS
ﻭﺷﺒﺎﻁ ﻭﺑﺎﻁ ﻭﺑﻴﻄﺮﻩ ﻭﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺩﺭّ ﻭﺩﺭﺩَﺭَﻩ ﻭﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺷﻬﺮۤﻙ ﻳـﺎ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﲑﻭﱐ :ﺇﻥ ﺍﳍﻨﻮﺩ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺁﺳﺎﺭ.
ﻣَﺮَﻩ !
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠ ﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣١ﺹ . ٢٠٣
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ﺁﺩَﻡ :ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺃﺑﺎً ﻟﻠﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ
ﻭﻗﺼﺘﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ ﺗﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺃﺻـﺪﺍﺀ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎﲜﻲ ﺑﺎﻵﺩﻣﻴﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﺼـﺮﻣﺎﻱ
ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ.
ﺟﻨﺴﻮ ﻋﻘﺮﰊ ﻳﺎﻟﻄﻴﻒ !
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ ﺟـ ١٣ﺹ . ١
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺁﺩﻣﻴﺖ :ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛَﺎﺭﻳـﺖ ﲟﻌـﲎ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﺍﳉﻨﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻱ ﻻ ﺃﺑﺎً ﻟﻠﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ.
ﻭﲨﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺩﻣﻴﺎﻥ.
ﻭﻳﺄﺛﺮﻭﻥ ﻋﻤﻦ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﻢ :ﲰﻲ ﺑﺂﺩﻡ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺧﻠﻖ ﻣـﻦ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻄﻴﲏ ﻗﻤﺒﺎﺯ ﻛﻮﻳّﺲ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺃﻭﺍﺩﻡ. ﺃﺩﱘ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻱ :ﺗﺮﺍﺎ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ،ﺇﻻ ﺻـﺪﺭﻩ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃٔﺿﻢ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻭﺑﲎ ﺁﺩﻡ . ﻭﻇﻬﺮﻩ ﻓﻤﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺱ ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﺨﺬﻳﻪ ﻓﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ
ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﺍﻟﻄﱪﻱ -ﰒ ﻋﺠﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻃﻴﻨﺎً ﰒ ﺟﻒ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎ ﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ ﺍﻠﺪ ١ﺹ : ٤٧ﺧﻠﻖ ﺁﺩﻡ .
ﺻﻠﺼﺎﻻً.
ﺁﺫَﻯ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁﺩﻯ ﻭﺗﺂﺩﻯ.
ﻭﺩﺧﻞ ﺇﺑﻠﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻤـﻪ ﻭﺧـﺮﺝ ﻣـﻦ ﺩﺑـﺮﻩ
ﺍﻵۤﺫﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻵﺫﻥ :ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺐ ﻳﺄﺫﻥ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ.
ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻭﱄ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ،ﻭﺃﻗﺮّ ﺍﻤـﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ
ﰒ ﻧﻔﺦ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻭﺣﻪ ﻓﺪﺧﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ ﻓﻤﻪ ﰒ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭ.
ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﰒ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ﰒ ﺃﻧﻔﻪ ﰒ ﻋﻤّﺘﻪ.
ﺍﻟٔﺂﺭٔﺍﺑۤﺴْﻚ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃٔﺭﺑۤﺴﻚ.
ﻭﱂ ﳝﺖ ﺁﺩﻡ ﺣﱴ ﺃﻋﻘﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﻔـﺎﺩ
ﺍﻵﺭٔﺍﺻِﺮﺍ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[:ﻓﻼﻥ ﺁﺭﺍﺻِﺮٔﺍ ﺑﺸﻘﺸﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ، ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺃﻟﻔﺎً.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ " ﺁٔﺭٔﻩ ﺻِﺮٔﻩ " :ﻓﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﲏ.
ﻭﻧﻘﺺ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺮﻩ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﻬﺎ ﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ.
ﺍﻟٔﺂﺭﺍۤﻟﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﻟﻌﻨّﺎ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺍﻟٔﺂﺭٔﺍﻟۤﻖ،
ﻭﺧﻠﻖ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﻭﻃﺮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳉﻤﻌـﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ " :ﺁﺭﻩ ﻟﻖ " :ﻓﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ،ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ.
ﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ.
ﺁٔﺭْﺗٕﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺁﺭﺗﻖ ﺟﻴﺖ ﻭﺟﻴﺖ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗﻨـﺎﻡ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ .
ﻋﻨﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ " :ﺁٔﺭﺗٕﻖ " :ﺃﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﺪ ،ﲟﺎ ﺃﻥّ )ﻟﻴﺲ ﳍﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ
ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(. ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﻭﻡ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﲪـﺮ،
ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻟٔﺂﺭْﻗﺪﺍٔﺵ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺁﺭﻗﺪﺍﺵ ﻭﳓﻨﻪ ﻣـﻦ
ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﺭﻗﺪﺍﺷﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﻀﻨﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ " ﺁٔﺭﻗﺪﺍٔﺵ " :ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻴﻖ، ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺁﺩﻣﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧـﻪ ﻣﺘﺼـﻒ
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ؛ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ " ﺁٔﺭْﻗٔﻪ " :ﺍﻟﻈَﻬﺮ ﻭ" ﺩﺍٔﺵ " :ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻚ، ﺑﺎﳌﺰﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ :ﺁﺩﻣﻴﺔ ،ﻭﲨﻌـﻪ :ﺃﻭﺍﺩﻡ ﻟﻠﻤـﺬﻛﺮ
ﺃﻱ ﺣﺎﻣﻲ ﻇﻬﺮﻱ ﺃﻭ ﻇﻬﲑﻱ. ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ.
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ﺍﻵﺱ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻵﺱ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺣﲔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻵْﺭﻣٔﻪ :ﺃﻭ ﺁٔﺭْﻣﺎٔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺁٔﺭﻣﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺁٔﺭﻣﺎ ﻋـﻦ
ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺓ ،ﺯﻫﺮﻩ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﻳﻨﺒﺖ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺍﻹﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :ARMAﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ
ﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﶈﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺃﻭ ﳘﺎ ﻣﻌﺎً.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺩﺭﻳﺪ :ﻭﺃﺣﺴﺒﻪ ﺩﺧﻴﻼً.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.ARME :
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺁﺳﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺁﺳَﺎ.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻋﻄﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷُﺭْﻣﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﻨﺔ ﺍﻷُﺭﻣﺔ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ :ﺁﺳﻮ.
ﺍﻟﻌَﻠَﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻳُﻬﺘﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺿـﻌﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻮﺣـﺔ ﳎـﺎﺯﺍً ﻭﱂ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ :ﺍﳌﺮﺳﲔ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ :ﺍﳍَﻨَﺲ ،ﻭﰲ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ.
ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺮﳛﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻋﺮﻓﻪ ﻗﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﲔ.
ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﺍﻟﺸِﻌﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻲ
ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﻠﺒﻨﺎﻥ. -ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺧﲑﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷُﺭﻣﺔ -ﱂ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻵﺱ ﻣﻘﺪﺳﺎً ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ. ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﺃﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﲰﻪ :ﺍﻟﻼﻓﺘـﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﺬﻩ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﰲ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫـﺎ ﰲ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻥ. ﻋﻬﺪﻧﺎ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺮﱘ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﺀ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ. ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﻮﻥ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻼﻓﺘﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻳﺎﻓﻄﺔ.
ﻭﻣﻮﻃﻨﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺑﻼﺩ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﺀ ﺱ ١ﳎﻠﺪ ١ﺹ . ٢٤٤
ﻭﺩﺧﻞ ﺇﻧﻜﻠﺘﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ .١٦ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ٧ﺹ . ٢٤٨
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻳﺰﻳﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺑـﻪ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻭﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻃﻔﻮﻟﺘﻨﺎ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺁﺭﻣـﺎﺕ ﰒ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﻡ :ﺗﺸﻜٓﻞ ﺁﺳِﻲ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻣﻮﺕ ﻗﺒﻠﻚ ﻭﺗﺘـﻮﱃ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺃﺕ ﰲ ﺟﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳋﻨﺪﻕ.
ﺃﻧﺖ ﺗﻜﺮﳝﻲ(. ﺁٔﺭْﻣﻮٓﻧِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :HARMONIEﺍﻧﺴـﺠﺎﻡ
ﻭﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻳّﺴْﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﻟـﺪ، ﺍﻷﺻﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺩﻫﻨّﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻵﺱ ﻟـﺪﻯ ﻭﻻﺩﺗـﻪ ﻟﺘﻘـﻮﻯ ﺍﻟٕﺂﺭْﻣﻮٓﻧﻴﻜﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :HARMONICA :ﺁﻟـﺔ
ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺅﻩ ،ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺟﺎﻟﻴﻨﻮﺱ. ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻳﻨﻔﺦ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺣﺒﻴﺐ ﺍﻵﺱ ﻭﺣﻨﺒﻼﺱ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ٣٣ﺹ . ٦٩١
ﺍﻟٔﺂﺯﻭٓﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺁٔﺯﻭٓﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻋـﻦ
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ ﺟـ ١١ﺹ . ٢٣٩ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :AZOTEﺟﺴﻴﻢ ﻏﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻻ ﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻻ ﻃﻌـﻢ
ﻭﻻ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﳛﺘﻮﻱ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ) (٧٩,٢ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﻤﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍٕﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺧﺴﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻲ ﺑﺂﺳﻮ ﻭﺯﻳﺘـﻮ؟
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺎﺑﻨﻚ ﻓﻌﻼﻡَ ﺘّﻢ(. ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ ﰲ " ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻊ " :ﻫُﺠﺮﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ
ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺎً ﻻﺑﺘﻨﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ ،ﻓﻤﻌـﲎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﺟﻨﺎﺱ :ﻣﻨﻬﻦ ﲤﺮﺣﻨّۤـﺎ ﻭﻋـﻮﺩ ﺁﺱ،
ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ :ﻏﲑ ﺻﺎﱀ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﺎﺓ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﻝ ﺎ ﻛﻠﻤـﺔ ﻧﺘـﺮﻭﺟﲔ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻦ ﺩَﻧَﺐ ﻛﻠﺐ ﺑﻨﺠّۤﺲ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺍﺱ.
NITROGENEﺃﻱ :ﻣﻮﻟّﺪ ﻣﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ.
- ١٥ -
ﺁﺳﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺃُﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲨﻴـﻊ ﺍﻵﺱ :ﻭﰲ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﺃَﺹّ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ASﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ
ﺍﳌﻤﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺪﺓ ﻣﺎﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ :AESﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﻧَﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﱪﻭﻧﺰﻳـﺔ ،ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ
ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﲝﺮ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻭﲝﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﲔ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮﺱ ﰲ ﳏﻠﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﳒﻴﻞ ﻋﺮّﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻓﻠﺲ ،ﻭﻻﻋﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﺸـﺪّﺓ ﰲ
ﺍﻷﻋﻈﻢ. ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻮﺭﻗﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣـﺪﺓ ،ﻭﻣﻨـﻬﻢ
ﺍﻗﺘﺒﺲ ﻻﻋﺒﻮﻧﺎ.
ﺍﻵﺳﻴﺪ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺳﻴﺪ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻼﻋﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻵﺱ :ﺁﺳﺎﺕ ،ﻭﰲ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ:
ﺍﻵﻃﻤﺶ ﺁﻟﻄِﻲ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻟﺘﻤﺶ ﺁﻟﱵ.
ﺃﺳﻮﺱ.
ﺁﻏﺎ :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻵﺱ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﺍﻟﻼﺹ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﻓﻮﺿﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳـﺪ:
ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﺍﻵﻣﺮ ﻭﺍﳌﻤﺘﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺪﻡ ﻭﺍﻵﺱ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺎﺭ ﰲ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪّﺓ.
ﻭﺍﳋﺼﻲ ﰲ ﻗﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻛﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ
ﻭﻗﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺭﺋـﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻀـﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻵﺳْﺘﺎﻧۤﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ،ﻭﰲ ﺗﺴـﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻫـﺬﻩ
ﻭﻗﺎﺋﺪ ﻓﺮﻗﺔ ﺍﻷﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺥ ﺍﻷﻛﱪ ﻭﺫﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﺎﻥ:
ﺍﳌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ. -١ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺁٔﺳِﺘﺎٔﻧَﻪ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﺒـﺔ ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻋﺘـﺎﺏ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ " ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ " ﺹ . ١٨٣ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ :ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ :ﻋﺘﺒﺔ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑـﺎ ﺃﻱ:
ﻣﺪﺧﻠﻬﺎ.
ﻭﲰﺖ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻵﻏﺎ :ﺃﻏﺎ. -٢ﺃﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﺴﻄﺎﻧﺔ ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨـﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺴـﻮﺑﺔ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ . ﻗﺴﻄﻨﻄﲔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺪﻣﺖ ﺁﻏﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺠﻮﻗﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺋـﺔ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ " ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ " ﺹ . ١٧٤
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻬﺠﺮﺓ ،ﻟﻘﺐ ﺷﺮﻑ. ﺁﺳﻮٓ] :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳊﻖّ ﻣﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺳﻮٓ ،ﺍﳊـﻖ
ﻋﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﻄﺎﻛﻲ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ .
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﺠﻮﻗﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳌﻐـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟـﺬﻳﻦ
ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺥ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ. ﺁﺳْﻴﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺁﺳﻴﻪ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺏ
ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﻳﺎﻗﻮﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻐﻮﻝ ﺗﻌﲎ ﺁﻛﻪ ﺍﳉـﺪ ﻭﺍﻷﺏ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﺒﻮﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﺀ :ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳋﻤﺲ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻢ. ﻭﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺟﻮﺍﺵ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺗﻌﲎ ﺁﻛﻪ ﺍﻷﺧﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﱪﻯ. -١ﺃﺎ ﻛﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺁﻗﺎ ﻭﻟﻔﻈﺘﻬﺎ :ﺁﻛﺎ ﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﺎ -٢ﺃﺎ ﺳﻨﺴﻜﺮﻳﺘﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ.
ﺭﺃﺳﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻐﻮﻟﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ. -٣ﰲ " ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻤﻮﺭﻳﺔ " ﺹ :٢٠ﺍﳌﺴـﻴﻮ
ﻣﺎﺳﭙﲑﻭ :ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻒ ﺍﳌﺼـﺮﻱ ﺳـﺎﺑﻘﺎً
ﻭﰲ ﺑﻼﺩﻧﺎ ﺫﺍﻋﺖ ﺁﻏﺎ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺷﺮﻑ ﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ، ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺸﻒ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ ..،ﻭﻭﺟﺪ ﺃـﺎ
ﲪﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻫﺠﺮﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻼﺩﻧﺎ. ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘـﺪﻣﺎﺀ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻗﱪﺹ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺫﻛـﺮﺕ
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳـﻒ ﰲ ﺁﺛـﺎﺭ
ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﲢﻮﲤﺲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻭﻣَﻦ ﺑﻌﺪَﻩ ،ﻓﺘﻜﺘـﺐ
ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﺃﺳﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﺁﻭﻧﺔ ﺃﺳـﻴﻨﺎﺋﻲ ،ﰒ ﺯﻳـﺪ ﰲ
ﺇﻃﻼﻗﻬﺎ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻓﺸﻴﺌﺎً ﺣﱴ ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻘﻌﺔ
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]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻠﺔ :ﻳـﺎ ﺑﻘﻠۤـﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻛـﺒﲑ ﺍﳋـﺪﻡ
ﻃﺮﺍﻭﺍﺕ ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻵﻏﺎﻭﺍﺕ. ﻭﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﳋﺼﻴﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻁ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻲ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻣﻲ ﺍﳌﺆﲤﻦ.
]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺁﻏـﺎ ﻭﻛﻴـﻞ ﺭﲰﺎﻟـﻪ ﻭﺣﺠﻲ ﺁﻏﺎ ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻳُﻌﲎ ـﺎ ﺍﻟﻐـﲏ
ﺳﺒﻌﲔ ،ﻳﻮﳘﻮﻥ ﺃﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﷲ ﻭﻛﻴﻞ. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺫﺝ.
ﺍﻟٔﺂﻏٔﺎ ﺑﻴۤﻚ :ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﳚﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻓﻴـﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﻷﺥ ﻭﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻛﻤﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺯﻋﻴﻢ ﻭﺳﻴﺪ ،ﻛﻤـﺎ
ﺍﻷﻛﱪ ﺁﻏﺎ ﺑﻴۤﻚ ،ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ. ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺎ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ ﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺤﺸﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻷﺑﻼ .
ﺍﻟٔﺂﻏٕﺰ ﻣٕﺴﻜﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣﺴﻚ ﺍﻟﻔـﻢ، ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃُﺳﻮﺓ ﺑﻐﲑﻫﺎ ﺗﻠﺤﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻋﻮﺿﺎً ﻋﻦ
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺩﺭ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﺃﻭ ﻣﻠﺒّﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺮﺓ. ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ،ﻓﺘﻘﻮﻝ :ﺁﻏﱵ ﻭﺁﻏﺔْ ﺣـﺎﺭﰐ ﻭﺁﻏـﺔ
ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺳﺮﺓ " ﺁﻏﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ " ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ.
ﺁٔﻏٕﺴْﻄ ٓﻮﺱ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺁﺏ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﲔ ،ﲰﻮﻩ
ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺃﻏﺴﻄﻮﺱ ﻗﻴﺼﺮ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﻗﻴﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﺭﻭﻣﺎ ﲣﻠﻴﺪﺍً ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺁﻏﺎﰐ ﻭﺁﻏﺎﺓ ﺍﺑﻮﻳﺎ ،ﺃﻭ ﺁﻏﺎﰐ
ﻻﲰﻪ ﻭﻷﻧﻪ ﺃﺣﺮﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﺭﺍً ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺎً ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ. ﻭﺁﻏﺎﺓ ﺍﻣﻲ ﻭﺍﺑﻮﻳﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜَﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.AUGUST : ﻭﻧﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﺴﻜﱢﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﲔ ﰲ " ﺁﻏْﱵ "
ﻭﳝﻴﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻮﺍﻫﺎ :ﺁﻏۤﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﺁﻏۤﺔ ﺣﺎﺭﺗﻨﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁﺏ .
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺷْﱵ ﻭﺑﺎﺷۤﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﺑﺎﺷۤﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﺍﻵﻓۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻵﻓَﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻫـﺔ ،ﻣـﺎ ﻳﻔﺴـﺪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺁﻓﺖ. ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺁﻏﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ :ﺁﻏـﻮﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻏـﻮﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ
ﺁﻏﺎﻭﺍﺕ.
ﺍﻵﻓۤﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺁﻓۤﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻵﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣـﺔ،
ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﺒﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻟﻠﻤـﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻵﻏﻮﻳّۤـﺔ ﻭﻣﺜﻠـﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺭﺟّﺎﻝ ﺁﻓﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻣﺮﺍ ﺁﻓﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﻭﺍﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﻮﻳّۤﺔ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ.
ﻟﻜﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ .ﻭﺃﻭﺍﰲ ﻭﺁﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻧﺚ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻠﻖ :ﺁﻏﺔ ﺍﻵﻏﻮﺍﺕ.
ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ ﺍﻵﻓﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﻨﺶ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻮﻛﻲ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﺍﲰـﻪ ﺁﻏـﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﺁﻓﻴﺔ ﻣﻠﻔﻠﻔﺔ )ﻷﺎ ﻣﻐﻄـﺎﺓ ﺍﻷﻏﻮﺍﺕ.
ﲟﻠﺤﻔﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻛﺎﳊﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﺘﻔﺔ(.
ﻭﺩﺍﻝ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻣﺪﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻱ ،ﻭﻇـﻞ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﻱ ﻟﻜﻦ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ: ﻣﺪﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﻱ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً.
ﺻﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻛﻨﺎﻓۤﺔ ﻭﺟﻨﺒﺎ ﺁﻓﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺁﻏﺎ ﺻﲑ ﺧﺬﻣﺘﭽّﻴۤﻪ ﻛﺘﲑ ،ﻻ ﲣﺎﻑ
ﺍﻵﻓﻴۤﺔ ﺳﺘّﺎ ﻭﺳﺖّ ﺟﲑﺍﻧﺎ ﻣﺎﻵﻏﺎ ﺧﺎﻑ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﺑۤﻮ.
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ﺍﻵﻟٔﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺁٔﻻٔ :ﺍﳌﻨﻘّﻂ .ﺍﳌﱪﻗﺶ ﺍﳌـﺰﻭّﻕ، ﺁﻗﺒﻐﺎ :ﺗﻮﱃ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﺑﲎ ﲪﺎﻣـًﺎ
ﺍﳌﻮﺷّﻰ ،ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻂ ﺑﺄﻟﻮﺍﻥ ،ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ. ﻣﻠﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻗﻨﺴﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺑـﲎ ﺟـﺎﻣﻊ
ﺍﻷﻃﺮﻭﺵ ﻭﳌﺎ ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٨٠٠ﻫـ ﺩﻓﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻻﺟﻪ .
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ﺁﻟﺘﻮﻧﻴﺎﻥ :ﻃﺒﻴﺐ ﺃﺭﻣﲏ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﰲ ﺃﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ١٩ ﻭﻧﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻷﻻﺟﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻭﻳـﺔ
ﻭﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ٢٠ﻟﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﻛﻨﻴﺴـﺔ ﺑﺮﻭﺗﺴـﺘﺎﻧﻴﺔ، ﺍﳌﻘﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺳﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺸﻄﺔ ﺑﻌﺴﻞ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﻧﻌﺮﻓﻪ.١٩٥٠ - ١٨٥٤ ، ﻣﻠﺒﻮﺱ ﺍﳋﻮﺍﺟﺎﺕ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴّﺔ ﺃﻟﻴﺠﻪ :ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﳊﺮﻳـﺮﻱ
ﺍﳌﻘﻠّﻢ.
ﺁٔﻟِﱵ ﻳﺎﭘﺮﺍﻕ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻟۤﺎﺑۤﺲ ﺷﺮﻭﺍﻝ ﺁٔﻟﺘِﻲ
ﻳٔﺎﭘﺮٔﺍﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺍٔﻟﺘِﻲ ﻳٔﺒْﺮٔﻕ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺫﻳﻠﻪ ﺃﻱ :ﻛﻤﺎﻩ ﻣﺰﻳﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻻﺟﻪ :ﺃﻻﺟﺎﰐ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻻﺟﻪ ﺟﻲ.
ﺑﻨﻘﺶ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﺪّﻳﺖ ﻋﺎﳉﺐ ﻟﻘﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺏّ ﻋﻢ
ﺍﻟٔﺂﻟﺘﻴﻠۤﻚ :ﻧﻘﺪ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﻗﺪﱘ ﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﺳﺘﺔ ﻗﺮﻭﺵ ﰲ ﺑﻐﺰۤﻝ ﺃﻻﺟﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ .
ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺟـ ٣ﺹ ٥٣ﻋﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻌـﻮﻡ
ﲞﺎﺵ :ﻛﺘﺒﻮﺍ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﻧـﺎﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻤـﺮﻱ ٥ﻏـﺮﻭﺵ ]ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺒّﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﻨﻌﻞ ﻫﺎﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻟﺒّﺲ ﻣﺘﻠﻚ
ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻄﻠﻚ ٤ﻏﺮﻭﺵ ﻭﺍﳌﻤﺪﻭﺣﻲ ٢٠ﻏﺮﺵ. ﺃﻻﺟﻪ.
ﺍﻧ ﻈﺮ :ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ .
ﺍﻟٔﺂﻟﭽٔﺎﻕ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﻟْﭽٔﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺁﻟﭽﺎﻕ :ﺳـﺒﺎﺏ
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﳊﻘﲑ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﻃﻲ. ﺍﻟٔﺂﻟٔﺎﻱ :ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺁﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ :ﺁٔﻻٔﻱ:
ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻴﺶ ،ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻔـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﲬﺴـﺔ
ﺁٔﻟٔﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺁٔﻟﺶ ﻋﺎﻟﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﻴﺎﺧﺪ ﺍﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺑﻠﻮٓﻛَﺎﺕ ﺧﻴّﺎﻟۤﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻃﻮﺍﺑﲑ ﻣﺸﺎﺓ ،ﻭﺃﺻـﻞ ﻣﻌـﲎ ﺁﻻﻱ:
ﻋﺎﻟﺪﻛﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺂﻟﺸﻮٓ ﻭﺷﻮﻱ ﺷﻮﻱ ﺑﺘﺂﻟﺶ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺂﻟﺸﺔ ﻻﺯﻣۤﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﻔﻠﺔ ﻭﻣﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ ،ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﲑﺕ ﻟﻼﺻـﻄﻼﺡ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺃَﻟِﻴﺸﻤٔﻖ :ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺂﻟۤﺶ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻱ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻱ ﺗﻄﻠـﻖ
ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺗﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ )ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺩﺍﮊ(. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻮﻛﺐ :ﻛﻠﲔ ﺁﻻﻱ :ﻣﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ ،ﺑـﲑﻡ ﺁﻻﻱ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻓﻼﻧﺔ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺤﺐ ﺟﻮﺯﺍ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪ.
ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺘﺂﻟۤﺶ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ :ﻇﺎﺑۤﻂ ﺁﻻﻳﻠﻲ :ﱂ ﻳﺘﺨـﺮّﺝ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁﻟﻴﺶ ﻭﻳﺮﺵ . ﺁٔﻟِﺶْ ﻭﻳۤﺮِﺵْ: ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺣﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻣﲑ ﺁﻻﻱ :ﺭﺗﺒﺔ ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺃﻣـﲑ
ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ -ﺁﻻﻱ ﺇﻣﺎﻣﻲ :ﺇﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺴـﻜﺮﻳﺔ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻟﺘﻤﺶ ﺃﻟﱵ . ﺁﻟﻄﻤﺶ ﺍﻟﻄﻲ: ﺁﻻﻱ ﺃﻣﻴﲏ :ﺃﻣﲔ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ،ﺁﻻﻱ ﺳـﻨﺠﻘﻲ :ﺭﺍﻳـﺔ
ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ.
ﺁﻟﻄﻮٓﻧﺒﻐﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺁﻟﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﻐﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﻲ ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺳﻨﺔ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻟﺘﻮﻧﺒﻐﺎ . ٧٢٣ﻫـ ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺁﻻﻱ ﻛﺴﻢ ،ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﺯﻱ ﻳﺜﲑ ﺍﳍﺰﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﻧﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻪ.
ﺍﻷﺃﻟﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺁﻟَﻒ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺃُﻟﻔﺔ :ﺍﺳـﻢ
ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺔ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻟﺘﻤﺶ ﺃﻟﱵ . ﺁﻟﺘﻤﺶ ﺁﻟﱵ:
ﺁﻟَﻢْ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺁﳌﻪ :ﺃﻭﺟﻌﻪ. ﺁٔﻟﺘﻮﻥ ﺑٔﺎﺵ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻼﱐ ﺍﳌﻤﺘـﺎﺯ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﲟﻌﲎ ﺭﺍﺱ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ.
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺗﺂﻟَﻢ ،ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ ﺗََﺄﻟّﻢ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﻮٓﻧﺒﻐﺎ . ﺁٔﻟﺘﻮﻥ ﺑٓﻐٔﺎ:
ﺍﻵﻟۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻵﻟﺔ :ﻣﺎ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﻠﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ،
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺁﻻﺕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ . ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺠﻲ . ﺁﻟﺘﻮﳒﻲ:
- ١٩ -
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﺎﲜﻴﺐ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﳋﺰۤﺍﻧۤﺔ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻋﺮﺳﻮ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺁﻟﺖْ ﻭﺁﻻﺕ.
ﺑﺘﺒﻘﻰ ﻣﺮﺗﻮ ﻋﻴﻨﺎ ﺟﻮﻋﺎﻧﺔ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ALAT :
-٤ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴّۤﺔ :ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﻬﻢ ﰲ ﻣﺎﳚﻬﺰ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﳌﻴـﺖ:
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻭﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻮﺭ :ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻮﺭ ﻭﻋﻄﺮ ﺍﻟـﻮﺭﺩ ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺑﺄﻳﺪﻳۤﻬﻦ) ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺩﻳﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﳉﺎﻭﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﻴﺘـﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺩﻛـﻮﺵ ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﺪﺭ ﻳﺴﲑﻭﻧﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﲑﻭﻥ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﻃﻮﻉ ﺇﺭﺍﺩﻢ(.
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻤﻮﻡ ،ﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻦ ﺗﺴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺬ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻌﺔ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮ ﺍﳉﺴﻤﺎﱐ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﻞ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﻦ ﻭﺍﳊﻨّﺎ .ﺗﺬﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﱪ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ.
ﲤﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺛﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺒﲑ ﺍﳉﺰﺋﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﺮ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻴّﻨﻮ ﺁﻻﺗﻮٓ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻠﻪِ.
-٥ﺁﻟﺔ ..،ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﺪّﺓ ﻛﺂﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﻭﺁﻟﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻻﺍﺳﻨۤﺎﻥ ﺗﻘﺮٓﻁ ﻭﻻ ﺁﻟـﺔ ﲣـﺮٓﻁ
ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺑﻌﺠﲔ ﻭﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺔ ﻭﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﺘـﺮ )ﺃﻱ :ﺷﺎﺥ(.
ﻭﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒّﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻴّﺔ .،ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳌﻔـﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻻ ﻳﺎﻣﺮﺍ ﺍﻃﺒﺨﻲ ﻃﻴﺐ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻮ :ﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲣﺪﻡ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ:
ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﻗﺪّﻡ ﺁﻟﺔ )ﺃﻭ ﻛﻠّﻒ(.
-١ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ :ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻴﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ
-٦ﺁﻻﺕ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴـﺔ ﳌﺨﺘﻠـﻒ ﺍﻷﻏـﺮﺍﺽ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻭﺍﲣﺬﺕ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻷﻳﻮﰊ.
ﻛﺎﻟﺼﻮﺑﺎ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﻭﺣﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻜﻨﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻜَﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻄـﺮﺯﺓ -٢ﺁﻟﺔ ﺧﺒﺰ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﻳﺒﻴﻌﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻄـﺎﺭ :ﺍﻟـﻮﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﻤﺮﺓ
ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺴّﺎﻟۤﺔ ،ﻭﻓﺮّﺍﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺠّﺎﻧۤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺴـﺠﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺎﻧﺴﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﳌَﺤﻠَﺐ ﻭﺍﳊﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﻢ ﻳﻀـﺎﻑ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺩﻳﻮٓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻠﭭﻴﺰﻳﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﻮﻥ ﻭ ..،ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ.
-٣ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﳋﺰۤﺍﻧﺔ :ﻟُﺒﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻜﺴّﺮﺍﺕ ﳑﻠﺤﺔ ﻳﺘﺴﻠّﻰ ﺑﻘﻀﻤﻬﺎ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺁﻻﺕ ﺻـﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ،ﺁﻻﺕ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴـﺔ ،ﺍﻵﻟـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺳﺎﻥ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻠﺔ ﺃﻱ :ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﳋﻠﻮﺓ :ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﺒﺔ ،ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﳊﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻵﱄ. ﺍﻟﺒﺰﺭ :ﺑﺰﺭ ﺍﳉﺒﺲ ﻭﺑﺰﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﻭﺑﺰﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻉ ﺍﳌﺴـﻤﻰ
ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﺒﺔ :ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻳﻨﻘﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﻹﺻﺒﻊ ﻓﻴﻤﻀﻲ ﺑﺒﺰﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ﻭﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﺗﻖ :ﻓﺴﺘﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﻮﺭﻱ ﻭﻓﺴﺘﻖ
ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺇﱃ ﺷﺮﻳﻂ ﳏﱪ ﻭﻳﻀﺮﺑﻪ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﻓﺘﺮﺳﻢ ﺻـﻮﺭﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺯ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ.
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ. ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﲔ) ،ﻭﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠـﺐ
ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻋﻬﺎ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﺇﻧﻜَﻠﻴﺰﻱ ﺷﺎﺏ ﺳﺠّﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻋﻪ ﺳـﻨﺔ ﻗﻮﺍﻓﻠﻬﺎ(.
١٧١٣ﰒ ﺻُﻨﻊ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﺳـﻨﺔ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻀﻴﻔﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺑﻌـﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﻛـﻪ
،١٨٦٧ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻌﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻳﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺛﻘﻴﻞ.
ﺍﻷﻭﱃ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳍﻼﻝ ﺱ ٣٢ﺹ . ٥٠٨
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]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﳉﺰﻣﺎﰐ ﻳﻌﻆ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺁٔﻟﻮٓ :ﻣﻔﺘﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﰲ ﺍﳍﺎﺗﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻫﺎﻟﻮٓ.
ﰲ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ،ﻭﰲ ﻭﻋﻈﻪ ﰲ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻨﻬﻲ ﺩﺭﺳـﻪ
ﺁﻟّۤﻰ :ﺩﺭﺟﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ :ALLEZﺍﺫﻫﺒـﻮﺍ،
ﺑﺬﻛﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺂﻛﻞ ﻟﻴﺘﺨﺬ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻌﻮﻥ ،ﺃﲰﻌﻪ ﻭﺍﲰـﻊُ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺣﻮﻟﻪ: ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﲔ.
ﺑﺎﻣۤﻪ ﺑﻌﺒّﺎ ﳏﺸﻲ ﻗﺮﻉ. - ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﻧﺴﺘﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ
ﺁﻣﲔ )ﻇﻨﺎً ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ( - ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺱ ٢٠ﺹ :٥١٠ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﻝﱠ :ﺃَﺳﺮَﻉَ.
ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﳏﺸﻲ ﻭﺟﻨﺒﻮ +++++ -
ﺁﻣﲔ - ﺁٔﻟﻴﺶ ﻭﻳۤﺮﻳﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﺁﻟﻴﺶ ﻭﻳﺮﻳﺶ:
ﻣﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺟﻨﺒﺎ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ. - ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧﺬ ﻭﺍﻹﻋﻄﺎﺀ.
ﺁﻣﲔ -
ﻋﺶ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺒﻞ ﻭﺟﻨﺒﻮ ﺑﻘﻼﻭﺓ. - ﺁﻣَﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺁﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺻﺪّﻗﻪ.
ﺁﻣﲔ )ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﺴـﺤﻮﻥ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﻭﺟﻬﻬـﻢ -
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻫَﻴْﻤۤﻦ :ﺁﻣَﻦَ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـﺔ ﻭﰲ
ﻭﺻﺪﻭﺭﻫﻢ ،ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﺄﺧﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ(.
ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃَﻣَﻦ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺻﻠﻰ ﺇﻣﺎﻡ ﻭﻗﺮﺃ " :ﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﻀّﺎﻟﻮﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﻠّﻖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻠﻘﺎ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺁﻣﻨﻮﺍ.
" ﻓﺮّﺩ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﺪﻭﻥ :ﺁﻣﻮﻥ.
ﺃَﺃﻣَﻦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﻄﻴﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺎﺗﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ ﺃَﺃﻣﻦ
ﺁﻥ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺁﻥ ﺃﻭﺍﻥ ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺎﻳۤﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﺃﻟَﻚ :ﻳﺼﻮﻏﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﻋﻼﻝ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ
ﺁﻥ :ﺣﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﻬﺎ :ﻳﺌﲔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻳﺌْﻮﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﻟَﻴْﺌﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻥ.
ﺁﻣِﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣـﺮ ﲟﻌـﲎ :ﺍﺳـﺘﺠﺐ،
ﺍﻵﻥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻻﻣﻪ ﻻﺯﻣـﺔ ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﻛﻨﺎﺋﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ.
ﻻ ﺗﻨﻔﻚ ﻋﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﻭﲦﺔ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺁﻣﻮٓﻥ :ﺍﳌﻌﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ
ﺁﻧّٔﺎ ﺑٔﺎﺑٔﺎ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻭﻟﺪ ﻳﺘﻴﻢ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﺁٔﻧّﺎ ﺑٔﺎﺑٔﺎ، ﺍﻋﺎﺩ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺗﻪ ﲤﻮﺕ ﻋﻨﺦ ﺃﻣﻮﻥ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻡ ﻭﺃﺏ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﺮﲨﺘﻬﺎ ﲟﺎ ﻣﻔﺎﺩﻩ:
ﺍﻟٔﺂﻧٔﺎﻧٔﺎﺱ :ﺷﺠﺮ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﻌﻤّﺮ ﲦﺮﻩ ﻋﻨﱯ ﻣﺘﺮﺍ ّ
ﺹ ﻟﻴﻜﻦْ ،ﺃﻭ ﻟﻴﺼِﺮْ .ﻭﰲ " ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ " ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺇﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻌﺮﰊ،
ﻛﺎﻟﺼﻨﻮﺑﺮ ،ﺫﻫﱯ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﻟﺬﻳﺬ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤـﺔ، ﻷﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻓﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ.
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣـﻦ ﺳـﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜـﺎ ﺍﻷﺻـﻠﻴﲔ
ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺁٔﻣﻴۤﻦ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ،
.ANANAS
ﻣﺎﺧﻼ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﺘﻘﻮﻝ :ﺍٓﻣﲔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ١٥ﺹ ٦١٩ﻭ ٧٠٥ﻭ ﺱ ٢٨ﺹ .٧٧٩
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ٦٤ﺹ : ٢٦٣ﺃﺻﻞ ﺁﻣﻴۤ ﻦ .
- ٢١ -
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ ﺳﺤﺐ ﺁﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻤﺎﺻـﻴﻢ ﻗﻠﺒـﻮ، ﺍﻟٔﺂﻧٔﺎﻭﻳﭽَﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :CANAVACCIOﻧﺴﻴﺞ
ﺳﺤﺐ ﺁﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺿﺎﻓﲑ ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻪ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺁﻩ ﻣﺎ ﺁﻩ ﺍﳒﻘﻮ. ﺫﻭ ﺛﻘﻮﺏ ﺗﺴﻠﻚ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺧﻴﻮﻁ ﻣﻠﻮّﻧﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺃﺣـﺪﻫﻢ :ﺁﻩ ﺃﺟﺎﺑـﻪ ﺁٔﻧْﺘِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ANTIﲟﻌﲎ ﺿﺪّ ﻭﺧﻼﻑ.
ﺧﺼﻤﻪ :ﺣﺴﺮﺓ ﻛﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻀﻤۤﺔ.
ﺁٔﻧْﺠٔﻖ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﳒﻖ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[:
ﺁﻧَﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺁﻧَﺴﺘﻮﻧﺎ ﺷﺮﻓﺘﻮﻧﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺁﻧﺴﻪ:
ﻟﻮ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻵﻩ ﺗﺸﻔﻲ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻗﺎﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﺿﺪ ﺃﻭﺣﺸﻪ.
ﻷﺿﻞّ ﺍﻗﻮﻝ :ﺁﻩ ﻭﻋﻤﺮﻱ ﻣﺎ ﺑَﻐﲑﻫﺎ ﺍﻵﻧِﺴَﺔ :ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﱐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ
ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﳊﻮﺭﺍﱐ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ MADEMOISELLEﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ
ﻭﻳﻼﺣﻆ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﳍﻢ " ﺍﻝ " ﻋﻠﻰ " ﺁﻩ ".
ﻟﻠﻔﺘﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺭﺍﺀ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻧﺴﺔ :ﺍﳉﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـﻨَﻔْﺲ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃٔ ﻫﺎ . ﺁٔﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻫٔﺎﻫٔﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃَٔﻫﺎ: ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﺐ ﻗﺮﺑﻚ ﻭﺣـﺪﻳﺜﻚ ،ﻭﲨﻌﻬـﺎ:
ﺍﻵﻧﺴﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﰲ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻋﻨﺘﺮﺓ ﻭﺃﰊ ﻓﺮﺍﺱ ﻭﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺀ.
ﺍﻟٔﺂﻫٔﺔ :ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻵﻫﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﻫﺎﺕ. ﺁﻧﻮﻧﻴﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ :ANONYMEﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻛﺔ
ﺍﳌﻐﻔﻠﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﰲ ﺁٔﻫٔﺔ ﻣﺎﺑﻨﺴﺎﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻵﻧِﻲ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻵﱐ :ﺍﳊﺎﺋﻦ ،ﻣﺎﺟـﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻭﻗﺘـﻪ
ﺁٔﻭﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺳﻜﻨﻪ ﰲ ﻣﺄﻭﻯ. ﻭﺃﻭﺍﻧﻪ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺁﻭٔﺍﺩٔﺍﻧْﻠٕﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ،ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺁﻧﻴّﺎً :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻵﱐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ
ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺎﺯَﻩ. ﻇﺮﻓﺎً ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺁٔﻭﺟِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺼﻴّﺎﺩ ،ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟٔﺂﻧِﻴﺔ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ
ﺁﻭﺟﻴّﺔ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﱐ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ " ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ " :ﺍﻵﻧﻴﺔ :ﲨﻊ
ﺇﻧﺎﺀ ﻭﻇﻨﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍً ﻭﻫﻮ ﺧﻄﺄ.
ـﻮﺩ
ـﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻬـ
ـﲎ ﺁﻩ ﻻﺳـ
ـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌـ
ﺁٔﻱ :ﻳﺴـ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ. ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﱐ ﻓﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ.
ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛّﺮ. ﺁٔﻩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺁﻩ :ﺑﺘﺮﻗﻴﻖ ﳘﺰﺎ :ﺍﺳـﻢ ﻓﻌـﻞ
ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺗﻮﺟّﻊ ﻭﺃﲢﺰّﻥ ﻭﺃﺗﺄﺳّﻒ.
ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁٔ ﺥ ﻭﺁٔﻱ ﻭﺃٓ ﻫﻮ .
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﳌﻨﻌﻢ ﰲ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ " ﺁﻱ " :ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺃﻧﻪ
ﻣﻨﺤﻮﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺃﻓﻼﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﻝَ ﺇﱄ. ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛَﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﺁﻩ.
ﺁﻳَﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺁﻳﺲ ﻭﻫﺠﻢ ،ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ ﻳـﺌِﺲ ﻭﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻗﻨﻂ.
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ﻭﳛﺬﻓﻮﻥ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ " ﻳﺎ " ﻛﻴٔﺎﺏ ﻭﻳـﺎﺑﻮٓ ﻭﻳَﺎﺑَـﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺁﻳـﺖ
ﻭﻳﺎﻳﺎﺑﺎ ﻭﻳﺎﺑِﻲ ﻭﻳَﻴَﺎﺏ ﻭﻳﻴﺎﺑﺎ ﻭﻳﻴﺎﺑﻮٓ. ﻭﺁﻳﺎﺕ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻳﻮﺏ :ﲝﺬﻑ ﺃﻟﻒ " ﻳـﺎ " ﻭﺟﻌـﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻧﻪ ﺁﻳۤﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ
ﺣﺮﻛﺔ " ﺃﺏ " ﻭﺍﻭﺍً ﺑﲔ ﺑﲔ. ﳒﻴﺐ ﺳﺮﺍﺝ ﺁﻳۤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﷲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ.
ﻭﻗﻮﳍﻢ ﺃﺏّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺏ )ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﺸـﺪﻳﺪ، ﺁﻳْﺔٕ ﺍﻟﻜٕﺮْﺳِﻲ :ﺁﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ :ﺍﷲ ﻻﺇﻟـﻪ ﺇﻻ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺸﺪّﺩ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺍً( :ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻄﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﻟﺪ. ﻫﻮ ﺍﳊﻲّ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻮﻡ ..،ﻭﺳﻊ ﻛﺮﺳﻴّﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ..،
ﻭﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﻋﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪ ﻟﻐﺔ ،ﻷﻧﻪ ﳚﻮﺯ ﺇﻃﻼﻗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺗﺘﻠﻰ ﻭﺗﻨﻔﺦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺬﺓ ﻟـﻪ،
ﺍﳉﺪﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ ،ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺸﺪﺩﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﺏ ﻳﺸﺪﺩﻭﻥ ﺧـﺎﺀ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﻠﻰ ﰲ ﺃﺫﻥ ﺍﳌﻐﺸﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﺃﺥ ﰲ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻷﺿﺎﻓﺔ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟـ[ :ﺁﻳـﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺳـﻲ ﺣﻮﻟـﻚ
ﻭﲨﻌﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺃﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺑّﻬﺎﺕ. ﻭﺣﻮﺍﻟﻴﻚ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺃﺑّﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺑّﻬﺎﺕ ﳎﺎﺭﺍﺓ ﻷﻣّﺎﺕ ﻭﺃُﻣّﻬﺎﺕ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻣﺘﺎﻉ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺍﻧﺴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺣﻴـﺪﻱ ﺟــ ٢ﺹ
..،:١٦٧ﺗﻨﻘﺶ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻖ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻮﺫﺓ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﺑّﻬﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﺗﺄﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃٓٓﺘٓـﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺤﺮ.
ﻭﺍۤﻣٓﻬﺘٓﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺯﻱ ﺝ ٢ﺹ :٣١٤ﻭﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺋﻢ
ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻨﺔ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺏ ﻫﺎﺕ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﺟﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﺟﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺣﻮﻟﻪ ،ﻭﺗﻄﺮﺩ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻋﻄﻨﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺎﻃﲔ ﻭﲤﻨﻊ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺮ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻌﺠﺒﻮﺍ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺃَﺑٔﺎ ،ﺃﻭ ﺃﺑﺎﻱ ،ﻛﺄﳕﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻐﻴﺜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻷﺏّ :ﺍﻷﺏّ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺑﺘﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺿـﻴﻒ
ﺑﺄﺑﻴﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺮﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ.
ﺍﻣﺘﻨﻊ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﻭﻟﺰﻣﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻛﺄﺑﻮ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺑﻮ ..،ﻭﺷـﺬّﺕ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﺩﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺜﲑﻭﺍ ﺃﺣﺪﺍً ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻭﺀﺓ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻳﺎ ﺃﺑـﻮ ﻜﻤﺘﻬﻢ :ﻛﻠﺐ ﺧﻠّﻒ ﺟﺮﻭ ﻃﻠﻊ ﺃﳒﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﺎﻩ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳌﺮﻭّۤﺓ.
ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﻜﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺻﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺀ
ﻭﻻﺯﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛَﺎﻭﻱ :ﻳﺎﻳﺎﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﻮﺏ ﻋﻦ ﻳﺎﻟﻴﻞ، " ﺃﺏ ".
ﻧﻌﻠﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ " ﻳﺎﻟﻴﻞ " ﺹ ،٧٣ﻭﰲ ﻏﻨـﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻘـﺪﱘ
ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳊﻨﺒﻠﻲ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺛﺒﺖ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ – ﺃﻥ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ:
ﻳﺮﺩﺩﻭﻥ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً " ﻳﺎﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩ " ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩ ﺷـﻌﺎﺭ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ،ﻋﺮﰊ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ،ﻭﻭﺟﻬﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻜﺎﻳـﺔ:
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﲔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺭﻕ ﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻵﺭﻳﲔ ،ﻭﻛـﺮﻫﻬﻢ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﺗـﺄﺛﺮ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ " :ﻣﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ :ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺑـﻮ
ﲟﺎﺽ ﺳﺤﻴﻖ ﺟﺪﺍً ﺇﺫ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺭﺍﺑﻀﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲣﻮﻡ ﺍﻵﺭﻳﲔ،
ﺃﻣﻴﺔ " ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻷﺛﲑ ﰲ " ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ " :ﺣﻘﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ
ﺗﺒﻄﺶ ﻢ ﻭﻳﺒﻄﺸﻮﻥ ﺎ ،ﻭﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﺃﺑﺪﻋﻮﺍ ﺧﺮﺍﻓﺔ ﺍﳋـﺮﺯﺓ
ﺃﻣﻴّﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻻﺷﺘﻬﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻟﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻏﲑﻩ ﱂ ﳚﺮِ:
ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻗﺎﺀ ﻳﺮﻣﺰﻭﻥ ﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻋﻴﻮﻥ ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺋﻬﻢ ﺍﻵﺭﻳﲔ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻗﺎﺀ ﻣﺜﻘﻮﺑﺔ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﻴﻞ :ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺷﺤﺮ ﺃﻋﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻷﻛﻒ ﺑـﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﺳـﻢ ﺍﻷﺻـﺎﺑﻊ
ﺍﳋﻤﺲ ،ﻭﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ :ﺑﻌﻴﻨﲔ ﺍﻟﻌـﺪﻭ ،ﺃﻭ
ﺑﻌﻴﻨﲔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ.
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]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﻴﲑ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﲔ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺑﻌﲔ ﺃﻣﻮ ﻭﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻭﺍﻷﺏ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﺎﻃﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺏ ،ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﺎﻃﻲ :ﺑٔﺎﰈْ
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻧﻔﺴﻪ(. ﺩﻭﻣَﻪ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﰊ ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻃﻲ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻛَـﺪّﺍ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﺑـﻮّﺍ )ﺃﻱ ﺑﻘـﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻷﺏ ﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﻣﻴﺔ
ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻴﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ( ،ﻭﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ :ﺑﺘﻘﺪﺭ ﺑﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻐﻠﺔ: ﺑﺎﺋﺪﻫﺎ ﻭﻋﺎﺋﺸﻬﺎ :ﻓﻔﻲ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﺑﻮ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﺃﺏ
ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺐ :ﻭﺃﺑﻮﱠﺍ ،ﻭﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺷﻮﺍﺭﺑﻚ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﺑٓﺎ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﺑَﺎ ،ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠـﺎﺕ ﺟﻨـﻮﰊ
ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ :ﺃﺏ ،ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛَﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﺃﺏ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻗﻴﻢ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﺣﻂ ﺃﺑـﻮﻙ ﻭﺍﻻ ﺍﻟﺸـﻐﻠﺔ
ﺻﺎﺭﺕ. ﻭﺍﻷﺏ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﻛﻠﻪ " ﺑﻮ ".
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻣﻼﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﻢ ﻣﻨّﻮٓ ﻭﻣﻦ ﳊﻴﺔ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ. ﻭﰲ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ " ﺑﻮ " ﻭ " ﺑﺎﺑـﺎ " ،ﻭﺍﳉـﺪ "ﺑﺎﺑـﺎ
ﺳِﻴﺪِﻱ".
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﺪّ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩَ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻪ :ﻋﺪّ ﲨﺎۤﻝ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ
ﺍﳌﻘﻌّﺮﺓ )ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻳﻄﻴّﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ ،ﻟﺬﺍ ﻛﺜﲑﻭﻥ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺪّﻭﻥ ﻭﺗﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﺑﺎ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺃﺏَ ﺳﻴﺪﻭ.
ﻏﻠﺘﻬﻢ(.
ﻭﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ " ﺍﻷﺏّ " ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉَﺒَﺲ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﺍﳌﻮﺯ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘـﺎﻥ ﺃﻭﻝ ﲪﻠﻪ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺛﺎﱐ ﲪﻠﻪ ﻓﻴﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ " ﺍﻟﺘُﻨُﻮ " ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺼﺮّﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺯ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻏﱪﻩ ،ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍ )ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺮﺯ(. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﳌﻄـﺎﺑﻊ
ﺍﻷﺏ ﻭﺍﻷﻡ ﻷﺻﻞ ﻗﻮﺍﻟﺐ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ.
ﻭﻳﺼﻐﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺗﺼﻐﲑ ﺗﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﺑَـﻲْ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ . ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮّﺍﻣﺔ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺏ ﺍﻷﺏّ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﻠﻘﺢ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﲔ
ﻓﻬﻮ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ:
ﺣﻂ ﺧﺒﺰَﻙ ﺑﺎﻟﭽﻨﻄِﻲ ﺧﻴّﻚ ﺑﻴّﻚ ﻻﺗﻌﻄﻲ. ﻭﻳﺼﺮّﻓﻮﻥ ﺃﺏ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :ﺃﺑﻮﻱ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﺑﻮﻳﻲ( ﻋﻨـﺪ
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ،ﻭﺃﺑﻮﻧﺎ ﻭﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﻭﺃﺑﻮﻛﻲ ﻭﺃﺑﻮﻛٓﻦ ﻭﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻭﺃﺑـﻮﱠﺍ )ﺃﻭ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﻜﺎﻛﻴﺰ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﻣﺮﺣﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺒَﻲّ. ﺃﺑﻮﻫﺎ( ﻭﺃﺑﻮّٓﻥ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﺑﻮﻫﻦ(.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﻢ[: ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﰲ " ﺃﺑﻮﻱ " ﻫـﻲ ﺃﰊ:
ﻋﺮﻳﺴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺐ ! ﳓﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﰲ ﺣﻴّﻚ ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺑﻮﰊ ﻭﺃﰊ.
ﻳﺎﺑﺮﺝْ ﻋﺎﱄ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﰲ ﻓﻴّﻚ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻋُﺮِﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺑٔﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﻡ _ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ _
ﺃﺟﺎﺑﻮﺍ :ﻋﻨْﺪ ﺃﰊ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻙ ﻻﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻓﻴﺼـﻠﺢ ﺃﻥ
ﺳﺄﻟﺖ ﺭﺏّ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎ ﳜﻠﻴﻚ ﻟﺒﻴّﻚ ﺗﻌﺮﺿﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﰊ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ.
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]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﰲ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ :ﻻ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﻭﻻ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻭﺍﻷﺏ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﻟﻠﻜﺎﻫﻦ ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ. ﺍﻷﻡ ﻟﻠﺮﺍﻫﺒﺔ،
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺳٕﻔﺮۤﺓ ﺃﺑﻮﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﺣﻮﻧﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟـﻮ: ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻭﻱ :ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻮﺭ ،ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳌﻮﺕ ،ﻭﺃﺑـﻮ
ﻣﻨﻦ ﺑﻜَﺪﺑﻮﻧﺎ ،ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﻭﺃﻣﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻡ ﻭﻣﻨﲔ ﺑـﺪّﺍ ﲡﻴـﻚ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻳﺎ :ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺎﻉ،
ﺍﻟﺮﳛﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺒﺔ؟ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻡ! ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﺒﻐﻞ :ﻣﲔ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟـﻦ:
ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻭﻥ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳉﺤـﺶ! ﺃﺑـﻮ ﺍﳉﺤـﺶ!
ﺍﳊﺼﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﱄ ،ﻋﺎﻓﺖ ﺍﳊﺼﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻏﺮّﺓ ﻭﺍﺧﺪﺕ ـ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺟﺖ ﺃﻡ ﺍﳉﺰﻣﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻞ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﺮﺣﻢ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻮﻋﻮ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ:
ﺻﺢّ ﻟﻠﻮ ﺷِﻲ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﻞ؟ ﺳﺄﻟﻮّﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑـﻮّﺍ ﻗﺎﻟـﺖ :ﺟـﺪّﻱ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ
ﺷﻌﻴﺐ ،ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﺷﺤّﺎﺩ ﻣﺎ ﲝﺐ ﺃﺑﻮ ﳐﻠۤﺎﻱ )ﺃﻭ ﻋﻤـﺮﻭ ﺃﺑـﻮ ﺍﷲ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳋﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻗﺎ .ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟـﺔ
ﻛﺸﻜﻮﻝ ﻣﺎ ﲝﺐ ﺃﺑﻮ ﳐﻠۤﺎﻳﻪ(. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻨـﻬﺎ
ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺔ ﻭﺑﻠﻔﻆ ﺩﺍﺭ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﺯﻭﺍﻟﻒ ﻳﺎﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺰٕﻟٓﻒ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ ﺃﺑﻮ ﲡﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﻧﻊ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻓﺸﺮﺓ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻷﻫﻮﺍﻝ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺰﻟـﺰﺍﻝ
ﻣﺎ ﲣﺎﻑ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻦ ﺍﳌﻬﺸﻬﺸﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻔّﺔ ﺍﳌﻜﺒّﺴﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻨﺨﺎﻟﺔ
ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻟﺰﺍﻝ ﻫﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﻳـﺎﺡ( ﺳـﻌﺪﻙ ﻳـﺎﺑﻮ
ﻷﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺰﺑﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﻠﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻷﺑﻮ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﺃﺑﻮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻭﲟﻌـﲎ ﳓـﻮ] .ﻣـﻦ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻘﺘٓﻞ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺑﻄﻨﻌﺶ.
ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺪّﻙ ﲤﺸﻲ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺭﺑﻊ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺷﺮﺏ ﺳﻴﻜﺎﺭﺓ،
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻤﻲ[ :ﺍﳉﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻳﺔ: ﻭﻏﺪﺍﻱ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻟﲑﺗﲔ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺳﻨﺘﲔ.
ﻭﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﻜﺮﻭ ﺍﳍﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﻭﺯﻗﺰﻕ )ﺃﻱ :ﺍﳉﺮﺫ(.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻧـﻪ ﺭﺟـﻞ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺍﻟﻚ ﺭﺏ ﻭﻣـﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻜﻤﻞ ﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻟﺔ،
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺍﺣﻔﻮﺭ ﻭﻃﻢّ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺷﻲ ) ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ
( ،ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺒﻬﻢ :ﻣﻨﻮ؟ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺇﱃ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻬـﻮﻥ ﻛﻼﻣﻜـﻢ؟(
ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺑﻮ " ﻣﻨﻮ " ) ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﻬﺎ (.
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ﺍﻷﺏّ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻄﺎﻑ ﺍﳉﺒﺲ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ،ﺃﻣـﺎ
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻓﺴﻤﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮ ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﳌﻦ ﻛﺸﻒ ﻣﺎ ﺑـﲔ
ﺃٔﺑٔﺎ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺏ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ. ﻓﺨﺬﻳﻪ :ﺳﻜّۤﺮ ﺩﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ.
ﺃَﺑَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﰉ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﺑـﺎﺀً :ﻛﺮﻫـﻪ ،ﱂ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﲣﺎﺻﻤﺖ ﻃﻔﻠﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺃﺧـﺮﻯ
ﻳﺮﺿﻪ ،ﺍﻣﺘﻨﻊ ﻋﻨﻪ. ﻣﺸﺖ ﻭﺭﻓﻌﺖ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺧﻄﻮﺓ ﺭﺟﻠﻬﺎ ﺻﺎﺋﺤﺔ :ﻫَﻲْ ﺃﻣّﻚ ﻫﻲْ
ﺃﺑﻮﻛﻲ ﻫَﻲ ﺃﻣّﻚ ﻫﻲ ﺃﺑﻮﻛﻲ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺑﺎﺀ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﺎﻛﻞ ﻟﺒﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻠﺔ ﺍﻭ
ﺍﻷﺑَﺎﺟﻮﺭ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﺑَﺠـﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ :ﺃﺑـﺎﺟﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﺒﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﳋﺴّﺔ ﺑﺲ ﻭﺑﺘﻜﺐّ ﺑﻘﻴّﺘﺎ ﲟﻮﺕ ﺃﺑﻮﱠﺍ ﻭﺃﻣّﺎ.
ﻭﺃَﺑَﺠﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :ABATﺧﺎﻓﺾ ﻭ :JOURﺍﻟﻨـﻮﺭ،
ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﺟﺐ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺼﺒﺎﺡ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﻜﺎﺳﺮ ﺍﻟﻀـﻴﺎﺀ، ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﻭﻟﺪ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﻜﻲ ﲜﻨﺎﺯﺓ ،ﺳـﺄﻟﻮﻩ:
ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻖ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺑﻠﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﺬ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﻘﻔﺺ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﻙ ﺃﺵ ﺑﻘﺮﺑﻚ ﻫﺎﳌﻴّﺖ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﺩﺷّﺮﻭﱐ ﲝﺎﱄ ﺃﺧﻮ ﻣﺮﺕ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ
ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺼِﻔﻖ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴـﻮﻡ ﺍﲣـﺬﻭﻩ ﺧﺎﱄ) :ﺃﺑﻮﻩ(.
ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻛﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﭙﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ. ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﱪّۤﻙْ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﺖ ﻛﺮﺍﺳـﻲ ﺃَﺑّـﲔ
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﳊﻮﺭﺍﱐ :ﺍﳌﻀﻠﱠﻊ. ﻭﺍﺑﻨﲔ ﻭﺣﻔﻴﺪ )ﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ :ﺃﺏ ﻭﺍﺑﻨﻪ ﻭﺣﻔﻴﺪﻩ(.
ﺃَﺑَﺎﺡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﱠ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮﻩ ،ﺃﺑﺎﺣﻪ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ ﻳﺎﺳﺘﻨﺎ ! ﻳﺎﻋﺮﻭﺱ ! ﻗﻮﻣﻲ ﻧﺴﲑ ﻓﻴﻜﻲ
ﻭﺃﺑﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻟﻪ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻪ ﻟﻪ ،ﺧﻠّﻰ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﲔ ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺣﻈﺮﻩ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃﺑﻮﻛﻲ ﻭﺍﻣﻚْ ﻟﻌﻼﻟﻴﻜﻲ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﻣُﺒـﺎﺡ ﻭﻧﺼﺐْ ﻛﺎﺱ ﺍﳍﻨﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪ ﻳﺴﻘﻴﻜﻲ
ﻭﻣُﺒﺎﺣﻠﻖ ،ﻭﺇﺑٔﺎﺣﺖ. ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻭﻳﺪ ! ﻣﺎﺿﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻠۤﺎﻙ ﻓﻴﻜﻲ
ﺍﻹﺑﺎﺣِﻲّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻹﺑﺎﺣﻲّ :ﻣﻦ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ:
ﺃﺟﺎﺯ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻟﻐﲑﻩ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﻭﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﳌـﺄﻣﻮﺭﺍﺕ ،ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻠّـﻞ
ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻴﺎً. ﻳﺎﺑﻮ ﻋﺮﻳﺴﻨﺎ ﻳﻌﻠﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺍﻳﺎﺗﻚ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃَﺑﺪ :ﺿﻴّﻊ ،ﻫﻠﻚ ،ﺃَﻭْﺑـﺪ :ﺃَﺑـﺎﺩ، ﻭﻣﺎﻋﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻮ ﺃﺑﻮﻛﻲ ﻗﺘﻠﻮﻛﻲ ﻋﻴﻮﱐ ﻗﺘﻠﻮﻛﻲ
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﻋﺎﳌﺮﺍﺗﺐ ﺻﻤﺪﻭﻛﻲ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻋﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﻚ ﻋﻨﺪﻭ
ﺃَﺑﺎﺩ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴـﺔ :ﺃَﺑـﺪ:
ﻫﻠﻚ ،ﺿﺎﻉ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﰲ " ﺣﻠﺐ " ﺹ . ٦٢
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ﺍﻷﺑﺎﻋۤﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺑﺎﻋِﺪ :ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ ،ﺿـﺪّ
ﺍﻷﻗﺎﺭﺏ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻷﺑﺎﺯِﻳﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﺰﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑِـﻞ،
ﺃَﺑﺎﻗﻪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻫﻮﻻﻛﻮ ،ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺩﻣّـﺮ ﺣﻠـﺐ، ﺍﻟﺒَﻬﺎﺭ ﻭﲨﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺰﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﺑﺰﺍﺭ ،ﻭﲨﻊ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺑﺎﺯﻳﺮ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺃﺑﺎﻏﺎ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٦٨١ﻫـ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺃﺑٔﺎﺯﻳﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑِﻞ.
ﺃَﺑﺎﻥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺃﻇﻬـﺮﻩ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﻴّﻦ. ﺍﻟٔﺄﺑٔﺎﻁ :ﻭﺑﺎﻁ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻹﺑْـﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺑـﺎﻃﻦ
ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺐ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺁﺑﺎﻁ.
ﺍﻟٕﺄﺑّٔﺎﻫﻴّۤﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷﺑّﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤـﺔ ،ﻋـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ " :ﺁﺏ " :ﺍﻟﺴﻄﻮﻉ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻭ" ﺑٔﻬـﺎ" :ﺍﻟﺒـﻬﺎﺀ، ﻭﻫﻢ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺑٔﺎﻃٔﺎﺕ ﻭﺑٔﺎﻃﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺠﺔ ،ﻓﺨﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻨﺔ .ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑّﻬﺖ. ﻭﺍﳉﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻋﺔ ﻟﻌﺒـﺔ
ﻳﺪﺍﱐ ﺍﻷﺑّﻬﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BEAUﺍﳉﻤﻴﻞ ،ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻁ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :BEAUTÉﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺀ. ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ﻳَﺒﻂ :ﺍﻹﺑﻂ ﻭﺑﺎﻁ.
ﺃٔﺑٔﺎﻭْ :ﻭﺃٔﺑٔﺎﻱ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺏ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻞ ﻟﻸﺑﺎﻁ ،ﺣَﻄّـﻮ
ﺍﻷﺑﺎﻳۤﺾ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﳓـﻮ ﲢﺖ ﺑﺎﻃﻮ ،ﻫﺎﳋﱪ ﻣﺎﻫﻮ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺻﺢّ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﻌـﺪﱢﻱ ﻣـﻦ
ﲢﺖ ﺍﺑﺎﻃﻚ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺷﺎﻣﻢ ﺻﻨﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﺎﻃﻮ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﺷـﺎﻣﺦ
ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺷﻒ ﻭﺍﳉﺮﺍﺟﻒ@.
ﺑﺄﻧﻔﻪ ﺗﻜﱪﺍً( ،ﻗﺐّ ﺑﺎﻃﻮ )ﺍﻣﺘﻸ ﺷﺒﻌﺎً(.
ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﺄَﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﺑﺘﺄﺱ :ﺣﺰﻥ ﻭﺷﻜﺎ ﺇﺛﺮ ﻣﺎﺑُﻠّﻎ
ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺮﻭﻩ ،ﻭﺍﳌُﺒﺘﺌِﺲ :ﺍﳌﺴﻜﲔ ﺍﳊﺰﻳﻦ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻂ ﺑﻘﻠۤﺐ ﺃﺑﺎﻃﻮ ﻭﺑﻠﺤﺲ
ﻓﻠﺴﻮ.
ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﺎﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺍﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﲝﻂّ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﲢـﺖ ﺍﺑـﺎﻃﻮ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﻴﺎٔﻉ. ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻤﻮﺕ ﲪﺎﺗﻮ ،ﻻﺯﻡ ﳓﻂ ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﲢﺖ ﺃﺑﺎﻁ ﺍﳌﻴّﺖ ﲤﺎ ﻳﻘـﺪﺭ
ﻳﺴﺤﺐ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﻌﻮ.
ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﺪﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﺑﻪ :ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀ،
ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺧﺴﺎ ﺑﺎﻃﻮ ،ﳜﺲ ﺑﺎﻃﻮ،
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﲔ :ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺋﻴـﺔ، ﻋﺮﻭﺳﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﺎﻁ :ﺃَﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ
ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘـﺪٔﺍ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻹﺑﻂ.
ﻭﺍﺑﺘﺪٔﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﺑﺘﺪٔﺍﺋﻲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻠﻊ ﻟﻮ ﻋﺮﻭﺳﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﺎﻁ ﺑﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﺪَﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﺪﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺃﻧﺸﺄﻩ ﻭﺍﺑﺘﺪﺃﻩ، ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳٕﺴﻤَﻦ.
ﺃﺗﻰ ﺑﺒﺪﻋﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺃَﺑﺎﻇﻪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻋﺸﲑﺓ ﺟﺮﻛﺴﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴـﻜﻦ
ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﺬ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﺬﺫﺕ ﺣﻘﻲ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺃﺧﺬﺗﻪ ،ﻭﻻ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺿﻮﺍﺣﻴﻬﺎ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﻧﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺣﻖ ،ﰒ ﻻﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ. ﺍﻟٔﺄﺑٔﺎﻃﻴﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ ﲨﻊ ﺃُﺑﻄﻮﻟﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ :ﺿـﺪّ
ﺍﳊﻖ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺍﻧﻜﺘﺐ ﻏﻠﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺍﺑْﺘِﻠـﻲ ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﺬﻝَ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﺬﻟﻪ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ،ﺗـﺮﻙ
ﻳٕﺼﺒٓﺮ ،ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻦ ﻣُﺒْﺘَﻠَﻰ. ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺸﺎﻡ.
ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﻬَﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﻬﺞ :ﻓﺮِﺡ ﻭﺳُﺮّ. ﺍﺑْﺘَﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﺰّﻩ ﺛﻴﺎﺑَﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺟﺮّﺩﻩ ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ
ﻗﻬﺮﺍً ،ﻭﺳﻠﺒﻪ ﺇﻳﺎﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍٕﺑﺘﻬٔﺎﺝ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺰ :ﺳـﻠﺐ ،ـﺐ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠـﻬﺎ ﰲ
ﺃَﺑْﺠَﺪ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻷﺻـﺢّ ﺃﻭﻝ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲨﻌﺖ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳍﺠﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﲜـﺪ
ﻫﻮّﺯ ﺣﻄّﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻦ ﺳﻌﻔﺺ ﻗﺮﺷﺖ ﺛﺨﺬ ﺿﻈﻎ. ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﺴَﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﺴﻢ :ﺑَﺴَﻢ ،ﺿﺤﻚ ﺃﻗـﻞّ
ﺍﻟﻀﺤﻚ ﻭﺃﺣﺴﻨﻪ.
ﻭﺗﺮﺗﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﻐﺎﺭﺑﺔ ...ﺻﻔﻌﺾ ﻗﺮﺳﺖ ﺛﺨـﺬ
ﻇﻐﺶ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﺴٔﺎﻡ.
ﻭﰲ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﺑﻮﺟـﺎﺩﻱ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﺛﺎﻗﻔﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﺑﺘﺴـﺎﻣﺔ )ﺃﻭ
ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﻯﺀ. ﺿﺤﻜﺔ( ﺻﻔﺮﺍ.
ﻭﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ ٢٨ﺣﺮﻓﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﻀٔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﻀﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺃﺧﺬ ﺑﻀـﺎﻋﺔ،
ﻻﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺗْﺒٔﻀّٔﻊ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﲢﺘﻔﻆ ﺍﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺖ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﺍﺣﺘﻔﺎﻇﺎً ﺃﻣﻴﻨـﺎً
ﺑﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﳍﺠﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻨﻴﻘﻲ. ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﻌٔﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﻌﺪ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﺑَﻌُﺪ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻏﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﻓﺎﺕ ﺃﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺮﻗﺖ ﰲ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻻﺑﺘﻌﺎﺩ ﻋﻨّﻮ ﺃﻭﻟَﻰ.
ﺍﳉﻤّﻞ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﲤﺎﻣﺎً ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ :ﺍﻷﻟِﻒ ﺑﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﺸـﺮﺓ
ﰒ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﺑﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻑ ﲟﺎﺋﺔ ﰒ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ ﲟﺎﺋﺘﲔ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻐﲔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﻌٔﺎﺩ.
ﺑﺄﻟﻒ. ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﻜٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺟﺎﺀ ﺑـﻪ ﻭﱂ
ﻭﺍﺳــﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﻫــﺬﻩ ﺍﳊــﺮﻭﻑ ﻛﺄﺭﻗــﺎﻡ ﰲ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ.
ﺍﻷﺳﻄُﺮﻻﺑﺎﺕ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺗﺆﺭﺥ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻓﺎﺓً ﺃﻭ ﺣـﺪﺛﺎً ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﻞّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺑَﻠّﻪ :ﻧﺪّﺍﻩ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺴﻤﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻋﺎﺭﻓﻬﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﻴﻘّﺎﺵ.
ﺍٕﺑْﺘَﻠَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﻼﻩ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﺍﺧﺘﱪﻩ ،ﺍﻣﺘﺤﻨﻪ،
ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮ ﻓﺤﺮﻭﻓﻬـﺎ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻭﳏﻨﺔ.
٢٢ﺣﺮﻓﺎً ﺣﱴ ))ﻗﺮﺷﺖ(( ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﲨﻠﻬﺎ ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺣﱴ
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ :ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻤﺎﺋﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﳌﻬﺘﺮﻱ ﻟَﻌَﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﺒﺘِﻠﻲ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ
ﺩﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺷﻌﺮﻧﺎ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﰲ ﻋﺼـﺮ ﺍﻻﳓﻄـﺎﻁ ﺯﺍﺧـﺮ
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻤّﻞ ،ﻭﻣﻘﺎﺑﺮﻧﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺯﺍﺧﺮﺓ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌـﺪ
"ﺭّﺥ " ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ.
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ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳊﺰﻣﺔ .ﻯ :ﺍﻟﻴﺪ .ﻙ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻃـﺎﺭ. ﻭﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺭﺃﺱ ﴰﺮﺓ ﺗﺰﻭﺩﻧﺎ ﺑﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻣﺴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻟﺪﻯ
ﻝ :ﺍﻟﻠﻴّﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﺓ .ﻡ :ﺍﳌﺎﺀ .ﻥ :ﺍﻷﻓﻌﻰ .ﺱ :ﺍﻟﺴـﻤﻚ .ﻉ: ﻗﻮﻡ ﺃﻭﻛﺮﻳﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ١٤ﻕ.ﻡ.
ﺍﻟﻌﲔ .ﻑ :ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺄﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺱ .ﺹ :ﺍﳌﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼـﺮﺓ .ﻕ:
ﺧﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻣﻊ ﻋﺮﻭﺗﻪ .ﺭ :ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ .ﺵ :ﺍﻟﺴﻦّ .ﺕ :ﻣﺎﺗﻮﺳﻢ ﻭﺭﺍﻋﺖ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ " :ﺃﲜـﺪ " ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺎﺕ
ﺑﻪ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ. ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﻗﻠﻤﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔٔﺎ ﺑﻴﺘٔﺎ
ﻛَﻤّٔﺎ ﺫﻟﺘﺎ :ﺁٔ ﺑﺎۤ ﺳﺎۤ ﺩ ﺍۤ.
ﻭﲦﺔ ﻣﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﰲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻫﺎﺯﻳﺞ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ :ﻗﺒﺠﺪ ﻫﻮّﺯ ﻗﻮﻡ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻣﺰﺍﻣﲑ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ.
ﲡﻮّﺯ.
ﺍﻣﺎ ﺛﺨﺬ ﻭﺿﻈﻎ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺃﺣﺮﻑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍ ﻭ ﺃﻟﻴﻒ ﺑۤ ﺎ . ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ،ﻭﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺩﻑ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ ﺱ ١٤ﻋﺪﺩ ٣ﺹ. ٦٧
ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ))ﺛﺨﺬ(( ﰲ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺇﳕﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺣﺮﻑ
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٢٨ﺹ ٢٩ﻭ. ١٩٨ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻻﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻳﻠﻔﻆ ،ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﺎﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻼً
ﻭﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ :ﺍﲜﺪ .
ﻳﺆﺫﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺜﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﺍﻝ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﺈﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ.
ﺍﻷﺑَﺠﻮﺭ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺑﺎﺟﻮﺭ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ))ﺿﻈﻎ(( ﻓﺎﺧﺘﺼﺖ ﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛـﺔ
ﺍﻷﺑَﺢّ :ﻭﺃﲝﺒﺢ ،ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻟﻔﻈﺎً ﻭﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ.
ﲝﺒﺢ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﳍﺎ ﻓﻌﻼً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺰﻳـﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﻌﺔ
ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﳍﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﺩﻭﺭ ﲨﻊ ﺍﻷﺷﺒﺎﻩ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻟﻒ ﺑﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺃﲜﺪ،
ﺭﺑﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﻭﻗﺎﺳﻮﺍ ﺻﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻩ. ﻭﳌﺎ ﻭﺻﻠﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺃﳊﻘﻮﺍ ﺎ ﺃﺷﺒﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﺀ ﰒ ﻋـﺎﺩﻭﺍ
ﺇﱃ ﺃﲜﺪ ﻓﺄﺧﺬﻭﺍ ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﻭﺃﳊﻘﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺃﺷﺒﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳋﺎﺀ،
ﺃَﺑْﺤٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﲝﺮ :ﺭﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ. ﰒ ﻋﺎﺩﻭﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺃﲜﺪ ﻓﺄﺧﺬﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﻭﺃﳊﻘﻮﺍ ﺎ ﺷﺒﻬﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻝ ،ﰒ
ﻋﺎﺩﻭﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺃﲜﺪ ﻓﺄﺧﺬﻭﺍ ﺍﳍﺎﺀ ﻭﺃﻟﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍً :ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﳊـﺮﻭﻑ:
ﺍﻷﺑْﺨٔﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﲞﺮ :ﺍﳌﻨﱳ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻢ.
ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻷﻥ ﺍﳍﺎﺀ ﺃﺷﺒﻪ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﺔ ﻓﺠﻤﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﺷﺒﺎﻩ،
ﺍﻷﲞٔﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺨُﻞ :ﺿَﻦّ. ﻭﻗﻞ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﰲ ﻭﺍﻭﻫﻮﺯ ،ﰒ ﺃﺧﺬﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻱ ﻭﺃﺳﺒﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺸـﺒﻬﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ ،ﰒ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻖ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﻘﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎﻛﻨـﺎ ﺃﺧـﺬﻧﺎ
ﺍﻷﺑَﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺑَﺪ :ﺍﻟﺪﻫﺮ ،ﺍﻟـﺪﻫﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳـﻞ، ﺍﳊﺎﺀ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﲑﻳﺔ ﺍﺳـﺘﺪﻋﺖ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺍﻷﺑَﺪِﻱّ :ﻣﺎﻻﺎﻳﺔ ﻟﻪ ،ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻢ. ﺃﻥ ﻧﺪﻋﻮ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﲔ ﰒ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩ ﻭﺷﺒﻴﻬﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻀـﺎﺩ،
ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﻭﺷﺒﻴﻬﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﳑـﺎ ﺗـﺮﺍﻩ
ﻣﻔﺼﻼً ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻮﻁ " ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ".
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ﺍﻷﺑْﺪﺍﻝ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﺪﺍﻝ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ -ﻗـﻮﻡ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﻴﺸﺮ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺠﻤﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺆﻛﺪ ﺃﻥ ﳍﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺑﺔ ﻣـﻦ :ABDA
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﺒّﺎﺩ ،ﺳُﻤّﻮﺍ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻷﻢ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻨـﻬﻢ ﺿﻞّ ﻭﺳﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ ﻫﺪﻯ ﺑﺎﻻﺛﻴﻮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﳍـﺎ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃُﺑﺪﻝ ﺑﺂﺧﺮ. ﻗﺮﺍﺑﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣـﻦ :ABATUﺗﻀـﻴﻴﻊ :NABUTU ،ﻫُـﺮﻭﺏ:
ﺑﺎﻷﻛﺪﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻦ :ABADﺿﺎﻉ ،ﻫﻠﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻦ :ABAD
ﺃَﺑْﺪَﻉ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﺪﻋﻪ :ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻋﻪ ﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ،ﺃَﺗﻰ
ﺿﺎﻉ ﻫﻠﻚ ]ﺃﻳﻀﺎً[ ﺑﺎﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﳍﺬﻩ
ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺪﻳﻊ ،ﺃَﺗﻰ ﺑﺒﺪﻋﺔ .ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺑﺪﺍﻉ.
ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﰲ ﻏﲑ ﺍﶈﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻷﺑْﺪَﻉ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺪُﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ :ﺃﺑَـﺪ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑِﺪﻋﺎً :ﻻﻣﺜﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ.
ﻭﺃﺑﺪﻳّﺖْ ﻭﺁﺑﺎﺩ ﻭﺃﺑﺪﻱّ ﻭﺃﺑﺪَﻳّﺎ ،ﻭﺇﱃ ﺃﺑَﺪ ﺍﻵﺑﺪﻳﻦ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺃَﺑﺪﻉ ﳑﺎ ﻛـﺎﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﻭﺃﺑَﺪﻭ ،ﺧﻠﱢﻴﻪ ﺑٕﺮﻭﺡ ﻷﺑـﺪ
)ﺗﻨﺎﻗﻠﻮﻩ ﺑﻠﻔﻈﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(.
ﺍﻵﺑﺪﻳﻦ.
ﺃَﺑْﺪَﻝ] :ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃَﺑﺪﻝ ﺍﳊﻘﺪ ﺑﺎﶈﺒﺔ.
ﺃﺑّﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﺑّﺪﻩ :ﺧﻠّﺪﻩ.
ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺃَﺑﺪﻝ ﺍﶈﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻘﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﳊﻘﺪ.
ﺃَﺑﱠﺪ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ :ﻫﻠﻖ ﲜﻲ ﺍﳊﺎﺧـﺎﻡ ﺑﺄﺑـﺪَﻙ،
ﺃَﺑْﺪِﻳﺘَﺎ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﺃَﺑْﺪٓﺗٓﺎ :ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟّﺔ:
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻳﺆﺩﺑﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﰲ :ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ.٧٨
ﺃَﺑّﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣﻜﻤﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺄﺑّـﺪ.
ﺃﺑْﺮٔﺍ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﺑﺮﺃ ﺫﻣﺘﻪ -ﻭﺗﺴّﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ :-ﺃَﻋﻔﺎﻩ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻣﺄﺑﺪ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻌﺔ.
ﺃَﺑْﺪَﻯ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻳۤﺮ ﻋـﻢ ﺑﺒـﺪﻱ ﺇﻋﺠـﺎﺑﻮ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺇﺑﺮﺍﺀ.
ﺑﺼﻨﺎﻋﺘﻨﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺑْﺪَﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻪ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮﻩ.
ﺍﻷﺑْﺮٔﺍﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷـﺎ
ﺃَﺑَﺪﺍً :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻓﻘﻂ
ﻭﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺿﻮ ،ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺄﺑﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﳊﻤـﺎﻡ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ،ﻭﻻﻳـﺰﺍﻝ
ﻧﻔﻴﺎً ﻭﺇﺛﺒﺎﺗﺎً :ﻻﺃَﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﻭﺃَﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ،ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄـﻮﺍﻥ ﳌﻄﻠـﻖ
ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻣﺎﺗﻴّۤﺔ ﳛﺘﻜﻤﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﻲ ﰲ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ،
ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻻﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﻻ ﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻲ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺛﺒـﺎﺕ
ﻭﰲ ﻣﺴﺠﺪﻫﺎ ﻗﱪ ﺍﻷﺑﺮﺍﺟﻲ ﺫُﻛﺮ ﰲ :ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﺹ. ٨١
ﻣﺎﺿﻴﺎً ﻭﺣﺎﻻً ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻼً :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻣﺲ ﻣﺎﺟﻴـﺖ ﺃﺑـﺪﺍً ﻭﻫﻠـﻖ
ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ :ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﺃَﺑْﺮﺍﻡ :ﻛﻠﻤﺘﺎﻥ: ﻣﺎﲝﻜﻲ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ﻭﺑﻜﺮﺍ ﻣﺎﱐ ﺭﺍﻳﺢ ﺃﻋﻤۤﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ،ﰒ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺍﻷﺏ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﰒ ﲰﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﺃﺑﺮﺍﻫﺎﻡ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ ﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻲ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ :ﺑﺘﺤﺐ ﺗﺼﺎﱀ ﺧﺼـﻤﻚ ؟ -
-ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺟﺮﻥ ،ﺑﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﺳـﺘﺔ ﺃَﺟـﺮﺍﻥ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ،ﺭﺣﺖ ﺷﻲ ﻟَﻌﻨﺎ ؟ -ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ،ﰒ ﺗﻠﺰﻣﻬﺎ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻨـﻮﻳﻦ
ﺑﻴﺰﻧﻄﻴﺔ ﳑﺎ ﻳﺪﺣﺾ ﺍﳌﺰﻋﻢ ،ﻭﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼـﺎﳊﲔ ﻗـﺪﻡ ﳓـﻮ ﺣﱴ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ.
ﺍﻟﺬﺭﺍﻉ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﻭﺣْﺪْ.
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ﺍﻟٔﺄﺑْﺮٔﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺑﺮﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﰲ ﺟﺴﺪﻩ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻨﺎ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﺱ ٩٦٧ﻋﺪﺩ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻘﺎﻝ.
ﲣﺎﻟﻔﻪ ﻟﻮﻧﺎً.
ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺘﻪ ﺹ ٢١ﻓﻘﺎﻝ:
ﺍﻟٔﺄﺑْﺮٔﺵ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﻭﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺻﺤﻦ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟٔﺄﺑْﺮٔﺷِﻴّۤﺔ :ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ ﺃﺑﺮﺷـﻴﺎﺕ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ
ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺣﻴّﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ
PAROIKOSﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ :PAROCHIAﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻹﻗﻠـﻴﻢ ،ﰒ
ﺃُﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﲢﺖ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﻘﻒ ﻣـﻦ ﺃَﻣـﺎﻛﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ ﺟـ ١٣ﺹ. ٩٦
ﺃﺷﺨﺎﺹ ،ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﻘﻔﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﱐ .
،ﻭﰲ PAROISSE ـﻴﺔ:
ـﻤﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴــ
ﻭﺗﺴــ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ :ﻓﺮﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﶈﻤﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﲑﺓ ﻧﻌﻴﻢ ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.PARISH :
ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻦ ﺃﺩﻫﻢ :ﺯﺍﻫﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﺦ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺘﻪ
ﺍﻷﺑْﺮٔﺹ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﺮﺹ :ﺍﳌﺒﺘﻠﻰ ﺑﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﱪﺹ. ﰲ ﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ :ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ .
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﺑﺮﺹ :ﺑﺎﻟﺸـﻤﺲ ﺑﻀـﻴّﻊ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺱ ١٨ﺹ.٨٦٢
ﺍﳉﺪﺍﻳﺎ.
ﻗﻴﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻭﳘﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﻻ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٦٢ﻫـ ﻭﺩﻓـﻦ
ﺍﻷﺑْﺮﺹ ﺩَﺑَﻚ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ. ﰲ ﻣﺮﺝ ﻏﻮﻃﺔ ﺩﻣﺸﻖ.
ﺃَﺑْﺮٔﻕ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ :ﺃَﺭﺳﻞ ﺑﺮﻗﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺿـﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ .
ﺍﻷﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﺃﻧﺴﺘﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ.
ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ :ﺍﺳﺘﻮﱃ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﺱ
ﺍﻷﺑﺮٔﻙ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﰐ ﺃﺑﺮﻙ ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻮﻗﻲ، ١٨٣١ﻡ ﻭﻇﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﻜﻤﻪ ١٠ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ ،ﻭﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﻛﺘـﺐ
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﺳﻢ. ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻳﺮﻙ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺣﺒﻴﺶ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻄﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﳛﺜﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻓﻌﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻨﺪ ﰲ ﺟﻴﺶ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ.
ﺃَﺑْﺮٔﻡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﻂ :ﺃَﺑﺮﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ:
ﺃَﺣﻜﻤﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ .
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ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﳚﺮﻱ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ )ﻳﻨﺴﺐ ﺇﱃ ﻋﻤـﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﺑﺮﺓ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻳﱪﺓ ،ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ
ﺑﻦ ﺍﳋﻄﺎﺏ(. ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺒﺎﺭِﻱ .ﻭﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﺑـﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜـﺒﲑﺓ :ﺇٕﺑـﺮﺓ
ﻣﻠۤﺎﺣﻔﻴّۤﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﳜﺎﻁ ﺎ ﻣﻠﺤﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻑ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴـﻤﻮﺎ
ﳊﻔﺮ ﺑﺌﺮ ﺑﺎﺑﺮﺗﻴۤﻦِ ﻭﺍﷲِ ﻭﺍﷲِ ﻣَﺮّﺗﻴۤﻦِ
ﺇٕﺑﺮۤﺓ ﺷَﻘّﻮﻗﻴﺔ .ﻭﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺑﺮ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳌﻼﺣﻔﻴـﺔ
ﻳﻮﻡ ﺭﻳﺢ ٍ ﺑﺮﻳﺸﺘﲔ ﻭﻛﻨﺲ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺯ ﰲ ﻭﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ :ﻣﻴۤﺒٔﺮ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻨﺠّﺪﻭﻥ.
ﺣﱴ ﻳﻌﻮﺩﺍ ﺃﺑﻴﻀﲔِ ﻭﻏﺴﻞ ﻋﺒﺪﻳﻦ ﺃﺳﻮﺩﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻗﺘُﺮﺡ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ ﺱ ١١ﺃﻥ
ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﳌِﻨﺼﺤﺔ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺮﺍﺡ.
ﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﻓﺎﺀ ﺩﻳﻨِﻲ ﺃﺳﻬﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻼﰊ ﺍﻟﻠﺌﻴﻢ
ﻭﺍﻹﺑﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﳜﺎﻁ ﺎ ﺍﻷﻛﻴﺎﺱ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑٕﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﲑ ﺑﺈﺑﺮﺓ ،ﺻﻨﻄﺎ :ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺭﻣﻴﺖ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﺓ ﺑﺘﺴﻤﻊ ﺻﻮﺗﺎ. ﻭﺃُﺳﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﻼﰐ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﻋﺮﻳﺎﻧﺔ ﻭﺑﺘﻜﺴﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺻﻨﻊ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﺼﻘﻮﻝ ﻳﺮﺟـﻊ
ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﳒﺪ(. ﺇﱃ ﺳﻨﺔ ٧٣٠ﻡ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﻧﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﳊﺒﻠﺔ ﺃﺵ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺸﻬﺪ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻹﺑﺮﺓ ﰲ ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﺗﻮﺯﻳـﻊ
ﲡﻴﺐ :ﺻﱯ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻣﻨﺴﺄﻝ ﻃﻔﻞ" ﺩﺑّﻮﺱ ﺍﻻ ﺇﺑﺮﺓ ؟. ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ .ﺇﺫ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﺓ ﲤﺮّ ﻋﻠﻰ ١٢٠ﻋﺎﻣﻼً.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ٢٢ﺹ. ٢٠١
ﻭﻣﻨﻪ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﻘﺮﻓﺖ ﺍﻻﺑﺮﺓ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺖ ﻭﭼﻜّﻴﻨﺎﻫـﺎ
ﺑﺘﻮﺏ ﻣﺮﺍ ،ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﻣﺎﺑﻌﻮﺩ ﺑﻨﻘﺮﻑ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺭﺍﺳﺎ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍ. ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ ﺱ ١٨ﻋﺪﺩ ٢ﺹ. ٤٧
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃُﺳﺮﺍﺕ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻱ ،ﺩﺭﺟﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﺀ ﺱ ٤ﺹ. ٤٥٧
ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﻟﺌﻼ ﺗﺼﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﻴـﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﻭﻳﻮﻡ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻋﺖ ﺍﳌﻨﻜَﻤﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﺼﺮﺍً ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺎً ﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ
ﻻﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ،ﰒ ﺇﻥ ﲨﻊ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﺓ ﺍﻹﺑَﺮ ﻓﻜـﺎﻥ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻃﺔ.
ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﺍ ﻳﺎﺀ ﻻ ﻭﺍﻭ ،ﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺷﺬﻭﺫ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻣﻨﻜﻤﺔ .
ﻭﻣﻦ ﲪﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻠﺐ ﲪﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﺑـﺮﻱ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ﻭﺭﺍ
ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻊ ﻭﻫﺪﻣﺖ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﱰۤﺓ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﺓ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﺓ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎً ﰲ ﺃﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﻴّۤﻪ ﺧﻴّﺎﻃﺔ ﺁۤﺧﺮ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ :ﺑﺘﻀـﻴّﻊ
ﳍﺎ ﺧﺮﻡ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ: ﺍﻹﺑٕﺮﺓ ﺑﺘﻼﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺘﺒﺎﻥ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﻔﱵ ﻋﺎﻹﺑٕﺮﺓ ،ﻭﺑﺒﻠﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﻧۤﺔ.
-ً ٢ﺍﻹﺑﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻤﻐﻨﻄﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻹﺑﺮﺓ ﺑﺈﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟـﺮﻣﺢ
ﺑﺈﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺱ.
-ً ٣ﺇﺑﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺒّﻮﺭ ﲢﻜﺶ ﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[:
-ً ٤ﺇﺑﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻳﺮﺯﻕ ﺑـﻪ
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻞ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ. ﻟﻮﻻ ﲞﺸﻲ ﻳﺎﳎﻨﻮﻥ ! ﺍﻹﺑﺮۤﺓ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻭﻗﻮﻻ ﻓﻨﻮﻥ
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- ٤ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BROCCA : -ً ٥ﺇﺑﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻴﺰﺍﻥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﳌﻨﺠﻢ،
ﻭﺗﺸﲑ ﲟﻴﻼﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﳍﻤﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻻ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﻓـﻼﻥ
-ً ٥ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BROK :
ﻣﻈﺒﻮﻁ ﻋﺎﻹﺑﺮﺓ ،ﻭﺷﻐﻠﻮ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻋﺎﻹﺑﺮﺓ ،ﻭﺃﺟﺖ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﻛﻮﻳﺔ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﺎﺭﻳﻘﻬﻢ ﺇﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻄﻴﻒ )ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺿﻮﺍ ﻋﻨـﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺣﻔﺮ ﻭﺗﱰﻳﻞ ﻋﺎﻹﺑﺮﺓ.
ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺑﺄﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺘﻴﻚ ﻳﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﺎﳊﻨﻔﻴﺔ( ،ﻭﺇﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻷﺿـﻮ،
- ٦ﺇﺑﺮﺓ ﺭﻳﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺧﻄّﺎﻁ ﻭﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﻒ ﺭﻗﻢ ١
ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﳌﻜّﺎﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﳌﻨﻘﺶ ﻭﺍﳌﻜﺘّﺐ ،ﻭﺇﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴـﺤﻠﺐ
ﻭ ٢ﻭ ٣ﻟﻠﻌﺮﰊ.
ﻭﺇﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮ ﻫﻨﺪﻱ ﻭﺇﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﳉﺎﻱ@ ﻭﺇﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻭﺇﺑﺮﻳـﻖ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻅ ﻭﺇﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﳌﺎﺯﻭﺕ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺷﻐﻞ ﺍﻻﺑﺮﺓ .
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﺃﺑﻘﻮﺍ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺁﺑﺮﻳﺰ ﻟﻠﺪﻟﻮ ﻭﻃـﺎﺱ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻱ ﺃﲪﺪ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺱ ٢٦ﺹ.٢٨٠
ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻄﻞ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻹٕﺑْﺮﻳﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻳﺰ :ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﳋﺎﻟﺺ.
ﻭﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺟـﺮ ﻭﺍﳊﺠـﺮ ﺍﻹٕﺑﺮﻳﻖ :ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﳛﺬﻓﻮﺍ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﺳﻮﻟﲔ@ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺗﻴﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﳑـﺎ ﺃﺑﺎﺭﻳﻖ ﻭﺍٕﺑْٕﺮﻗٔﺔ ﻭﺑﺮﻗﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺃﺑﺎﺭﻳﻖ ﻋﻦ
ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ@ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻚ ﻭﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﻧـﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺁﺏ :ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﺭﻳﺰ :ﺍﻟﺼﺐّ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻜﺐ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻭﻋﺎﺀ ﺫﻭ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻮﺑﺮ ﻳﻨﻘﺮﻭﻧﻪ. ﺑﻠﺒﻠﺔ ﻳﻨﺤﺪﺭ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﺫﻭ ﺃﺫﻥ ﳝﺴﻚ ﺎ.
ﻭﳚﺐ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺷﺨﺼًﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻟﻴﻘﻲ :ﻭﺗﺮﲨﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺷﻴﺌﲔ:
ﳛﻤﻞ ﺻﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻃﺎﺱ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻹﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼـﻔﺮ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﺃﻭ ﺻﺐّ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫِﻴﻨﺔ.
ﻣﻐﻄﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺎﻇﺎﻳﺔ.
ﻭﲣﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﻋـﻦ ﻟﻔﻈـﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻲ :ﺁﺑﺮﻳـﺰ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺭﻧّﺦ :ﻃﺸﺖ ﻭﺍﺑﺮﻳﻖ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻭﻗﺒﻠـﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬـﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺎﺑﻄﻔﻲ ﺣﺮﻳﻖ. ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻠﻲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺸﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻮ ﲜﻨﻘﺮﺓ@ ﺍﻻﺑﺮﻳـﻖ ﻭﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙُ ﻭﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩُ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱَ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﲣﻠﻮﺍ ﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲ ﺑﺘﻌﺰﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ. ﻟﻔﻈﻬﻢ ﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺇﺑﺮﻳﻖ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ:
ﺍﺑﺮﻗْﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﻲ :ﺍﳌﺎﻫﻮ ﻧﺎﻳۤﻢ ﻣﺮﺗﻜﻲ) ،ﺃﺑﺎﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﻴﻀـﺄﺓ ﺟـﺎﻣﻊ .IBRIK
ﺍﻟﺰﻛﻲ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ﳏﻄﻤﺔ(. ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ:
.BRIKI
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ﺃٔﺑْﻄٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﻄﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺑـﺎﻃﻼً، ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺎﺷﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﺎﺩﻳﻦ[:
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃَﻓﺴﺪﻩ ﻭﺃﺯﺍﻟﻪ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﻄﻞ :ﺃَﺑﻄﻞ ،ﺃﻟﻐـﻰ،
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﲑِ ﺯَﻣﺰَﻡ ﺗﻮﺿّﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ
ﻓﺴﺦ.
ﺃَﺑْﻌٔﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﻗﺼﺎﻩ ،ﺿﺪّ ﻗﺮْﺑﻪ. ﺍﻻٕﺑْﺰِﱘ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺰﱘ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺑﻌﺪ :ﺃَﺑﻌـﺪَ ،ﺭﺍﺡ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠـﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺑْﺴﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻫﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﻥ ﺃﺑﺴﻂ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ. ﺃﻫﺎﱄ ﻣﺼﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ﺃﺑﺴﻂ ﻟﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ )ﻳـﺪﻋﻮ
ﻟﻠﺒﺴﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ( ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺑﺴـﻂ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺑﻌﺎﺩ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﺴﻌﺪﻭ ﻭﻳﺒﻌﺪﻭ. ﺃَﺑْﺴﻤﻮٓ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺴْﻤﺎٓ:
ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺐ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٣
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﻏﺰﺍﱄ! ﻛﻴﻒ ﻋﻨّﻲ ﺃﺑﻌﺪﻭﻙ؟
ﺍﻷﺑْﺸَﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺸِـﻊ :ﺿـﺪ
ﺍﻷﺑْﻌٔﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ -ﺍﻷﺑﻌـﺪ :-ﺃﻧٕﺘۤـﻪ
ﺣَﺴُﻦ.
ﺟﺤﺶ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﻚ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﺳـﻢ
ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻌُﺪ. ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﻗﻮﻯ ﻭﺍﻷﺷﺪّ.
ﺃٔﺑْﻐٔﺾ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺑﻐﻀﻪ :ﺿﺪ ﺃﺣﺒّﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﻥ ﺷﺎﻑ ﺃﺑﺸﻊ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺑﻘﺘٓﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ.
ﺍﻷﺑﻐٔﺾ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻐﺾ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﺭﺩﻳﺌـﺔ ﰲ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﺑﺸﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﳊﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻕ ،ﻭﺃﺑﺸـﻊ
ﺃﺑﻐﻀﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺪ ﺃﺣﺒﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻐﺾ. ﺍﻟﺮﺟۤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻠۤﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﻭﺃﺑﺸﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻄﺮّ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻘﺎﻕ.
ﺃٔﺑْﻘٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﻘﺎﻩ :ﺣﻔﻈﻪ ،ﺃَﺛﺒﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴـﻪ: ﺃٔﺑْﺼٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﺼﺮﻩ :ﺭﺁﻩ.
ﺭﻋﻰ ﺣﺮﻣﺘﻪ ﻭﺭﲪﻪ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻗﻴﺎً.
ﺍﻷٔﺑْﺼٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺼُﺮ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑٔﻘٔﻰ .
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﺑﺼـﺮ ﻣـﻦ ﻏـﲑﻭ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺑﻘﺎ. ﲟﺼﻠﺤﺘﻮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺇٕﺑﻘﺎ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻻﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺍٔﻷﺑﻀٔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺑٕﻀٔﻼ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﻲ ﺻﻔّﻪ(.
ﺃٔﺑْﻄٔﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﺑﻄﺄ -ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ -ﺗـﺄﺧﺮ
ﺃَﺑْﻜﻰَ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺑﻜﺎﻩ :ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﻜﻴﻪ. ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴﺮﻉ.
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ﺍﻷﺑﻠﻖ ﺑْﺪٕﺑْﺢ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻜﻰ.
ﺍﻷﺑﻠﻖ ﺑٕﺰﺭْﻗٔﺔ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ. ﺍﻷﺑَﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻭﺍﻗﻒ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻷﺑَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ
ﺃَﺑﱡﻮﻝ :ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺑَﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺐ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺼﺐ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻷﺑْﻠﻪ :ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺃَﻫﺒـﻞ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ :-
ﻛﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ.
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻋﻘﻠﻪ ﻭﻋﺠﺰ ﺭﺃﻳﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺑﻠﻬﺎﺀ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃَﺑﻞَ ﻗَﺶّ) ،ﺃﻱ :ﻛﺎﻷﺑَـﻞ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺑﻼﻫﺖ ﻭﺃَﺑﻠﻪ.
ﻳﻘﺶّ ﻭﻳﺮﺑﺢ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺎﺏ ،ﺃﻱ :ﳏﻈﻮﻅ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﻠﻬﺎﻧـﻪ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﳉﻬـﻞ
ﺍﻷﺑْﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﺑﻞ :ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﻥ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ .
ﺍﻷﺑْﻠﻮﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺑﻠﻮﺝ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺃًﺑﺎﻟﻴﺞ :ﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺁﺑْﻠُﻮﺝ ﺃﻭ ﺁﺑﻠﻮﭺ :ﺍﻟﺴﻜّﺮ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻘـﻮﺍ ﺍﻷٔﺑْﻼٔ :ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷٔﺑْﻼٔﺕ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ:
ﺃَﺑﻠﻮﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻜّﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺍﳌﺨﺮﻭﻃﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﺄﰐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ،ﻣﺬﻛﺮﻫﺎ :ﺃٔﺑۤﻲْ :ﳐﺘﺼﺮ ﺁﻏﺎﺑﻴﻚ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ :-
ﻣﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻠﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﺑﻮﺭﻕ ﺃﺯﺭﻕ ،ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﰲ ﺩﺭﺍﺑﺎﺕ ﺩﻛﺎﻛﲔ ﺳﻮﻕ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﻟﻸﺥ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻷٔﺑـﻼٔ ﻟﻠﻤـﺮﺃﺓ
ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﺭﻳﻦ. ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻭﺩﺍﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺩﺍﺩ.
ﻭﻣﻌﻤﻠﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺳﻴﺎ ﻟﺬﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﺴـﻜّﺮ ﺃَﺑْﻠٔﻎ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺑﲏ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﺃﺭﺑﻄﻌـﺶ ﻭﺑﻨّـﻲ
ﺍﳌﺴﻘﻮﰲ. ﻃﻨﻌﺶ ﻭﺗﻨﻴﻨﺎﺗﻦ ﺃﺑﻠﻐﻮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻠـﻎ ﺍﻟﺼـﱯّ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺑﻠﻮﻏﺎً :ﺃَﺩﺭﻛﺎ ،ﺑﻠﻐﺎ ﺳﻦّ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺪ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﻧﻪ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺎ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً.
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ :ﺃَﺑﻠﻐﻪ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﻠّﻐﻪ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ.
ﻭﰲ " ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ " :ﻫﻮ ﺳﻜّﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ
ﻳﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﳊﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﻭﳚﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ،ﻭﲰﺘﻪ :ﺍﻟﻄَﺒَﺮﺯَﻥ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻄَﺒَﺮﺯَﺩ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺑﻼﻍ.
ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻄَﱪﺯَﻝ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻟﺖ :ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﻘﻮﻟﺐ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺇﺑﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻮﺭﻗـﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻨﺖ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺃَﺑﻠﻮﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻜّﺮ) :ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ.
ﺣﻠﻮﺓ( ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺃَﺑﻠﻮﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻜّﺮ :ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﻣﺴﻜﺘﻮ ﺑﺘﻬٔﺮْﻫٔﺮ: ﺍﻷٔﺑْﻠﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺑْﻠَﻖ :ﻣﺎﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﻮﺍﺩ ﻭﺑﻴﺎﺽ،
)ﻛﺮﱘ ﻳﻨﺜﺮ ﺧﲑﻩ( ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺃَﺑﻠﻮﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ :ﻣﻨﲔ ﻣﺎﻣﺴﻜﺘﻮ ﻭﻛﺜﺮ ﻧﻌﺖ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﺑﻠﻖ ،ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻘﺎﺀ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼـﺮﻭﻥ،
ﺑﺘﻠﺤﻮۤﺱ ﺍٔﺻﺎﺑﻴﻌٔﻚ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻠْﻖ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺃﺑْﻠٔﻖ.
ﻭﻗﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻳﺪﻱ ﺗْﻜﺴّﺮ ﻭﻳﻠﻲ ! ﺃﺑﻠﻮﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻜّﺮ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻨـﺐ ﺍﻷﺑﻠـﻖ ﻭﻳﺴـﻤﻰ
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺩﰲ ،ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ،ﻳﺆﻛﻞ ﻓﻘﻂ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺣﺒﺴﻮﻩ ﰲ ﻛﻴﺲ ﻣﻊ ﺇﺑﻠﻴﺲ ﺇٕﺑْﻠﻴﺲ :ﻭﳛﺬﻓﻮﻥ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ ﻭﻳﺒﺘﺪﺋﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺔ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﻃﻠﻊ ﺍﺑﻠﻴﺲ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺑﺴﺘﻐﻴﺚ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺇﺑْﻠﻴﺲ :ﻋَﻠَﻢ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺑﺎﻟﺴـﺔ
ﻭﺃﺑﺎﻟﻴﺲ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺱ ١٨ﺹ. ٤٩
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺷﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻭﺟﻦ . ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﻪ :ﻳﺒﻠﻴﺲ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﻳﺒﻠﻴﺴـﺔ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﻳﺒﺎﻟﻴﺲ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﻠﻌﻦ ﻳﺒﻠﻴﺲ.
ﺃٕﺑْﻠﲔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ،
ﺃَﺑﻴﻠﲔ :ﺍﻟﺮﻫﺒﺎﻥ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃَﺭﻣﻠـﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺸـﺮﻕ ﺱ٣٨ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺇﺑﻠﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ.
ﺹ ،١٨٣ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ :٧٨ﺃَـﺎ ﲟﻌـﲎ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ EVIL :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺳﻲﺀ.
ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻫﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ " ﺇﺑﻠﻴﺲ " ﻟﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﳏﻤﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺩ .
ﺍٕﺑْﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻻﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻓﻘﻂ ،ﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ:
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺱ ٧ﺹ : ٨٦٩ﺃﺻﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺇﺑﻠﻴﺲ .
ﺍﻻﺑﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻻﺑﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ
ﻟﻠﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺜﻰ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ،ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺑﻨﺖ ﻓﻘـﻂ، ﻭﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ .
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴّﺔ ﻓﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﻣﺼﻐﺮﻩ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﲏ -ﻭﳘﺰﺓ ﺍﺑﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻘﺎﻗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺑﻼﺱ :ﺍﻟﻴﺄﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻨـﻮﻁ ،ﻛﺄﻧـﻪ
ﳘﺰﺓ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻘﻄﻊ ،ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﳘﺰﺓ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻭﻗـﺪ ﺗﻮﺻـﻞ،
ﻻﻳﺮﺟﻰ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻐﻔﺮﺍﻥ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺑﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻏﺎﻟﺒـﺎً ﺃَﻭﻻﺩ ،ﺇﻻ ﰲ
ﻗﻮﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﳓﻮ :ﺷَﻨَﻦ ﺃَﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻢ. ﻭﰲ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﱐ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ :ﺃَﻥ ﺇﺑﻠﻴﺲ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺐ
DIABOLOS
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]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺑﻨَﻚ ﳌﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺯﻏﲑ ﺭﺑّﻴﻪ ﻭﳌـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻢ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺰّ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻧﻌﻤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ
ﺑﻜﱪ ﺧﺎﻭﻳﻪ ،ﺟﻮﺯۤﻙ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎﻋﻠﻤﺘﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﺑﻨۤﻚ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎﺭﺑّﻴۤﺘﻴﻪ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺻﻞ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺸﺮۤﺓ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻋۤﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻧﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﻴﻒ ،ﻭﺍﺑـﻦ
ﻃﻠﻌﺖ ﺩﻗﻦ ﺍﺑﻨَﻚ ﺍﺭﺧﻲ ﺩﻗﻨَﻚ ،ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﺔ ﻣﺎﲟﻮﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ، ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺩﻣﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﻮّﺍﻝ ﻭﻗﺪﺡ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻏﺮﺍﻡ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻓـﻦّ
ﻻﲢﻂ ﺍﺑﻨَﻚ ﻋﺎﳊﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﻣﺮَ ﺍﷲ )ﺃﻭ ﻗَﺪَﺭ ﺍﷲ( ﻭﻛﺎﻥ. ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﳎﻠﺲ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺃﻭ
ﻻﺗﻄﻮّﻝ ﺍﳊﺒﻞ ﻻﺑﻨَﻚ ﺑﺸﻨٓﻖ ﺣﺎﻟﻮٓ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺍﺑﻦ ﻏﲑﻙ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻔﻌـﻚ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻼﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺗﻨﺎ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻣـﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﺑـﻦ
ﻭﻛﻠﺐ ﻏﲑﻙ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺒﻌﻚ ،ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﻌﻤّۤﺮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻤّﺮ ﺻﺒﺎﺑﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﻼﻝ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﻜﻮﻣـﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ:
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃﻫﻠﻮ ،ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺷﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ ﻫﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻨﺪﻡ ،ﻻﻧﺼـﺎﺣﺐ ﺃﻭﻻﺩ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ. ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﳉﺤﺎۤ :ﺍﺑﻨَﻚ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻋﺮﻗﻴّۤﺔ ﻗـﺎﻝ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻟﻘْﻦ ﺍﳋﺴﻴﻞ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ )ﻷﻧﻪ ﳚﻤـﻊ
ﻟٓﻦ :ﻟﻴﺶ ﺿﺎﺭﺑْﲏ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻰ؟ ،ﻣﺮﺗَﻚ ﻭﺍﺑﻨَﻚ ﺍﻟﺰﻏﲑ ﲞﻤﻨﻮﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ(.
ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﻗﺪﻳﺮ ،ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﺑﻨَﻚ ﺍٔﻟَﻚ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻨﺘﻚ ﻟﻠﻨـﺎﺱ )ﺃﻭ :ﻷ(،
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺮﺍٔ ﻭ...
ﻟﻮﻣﺎ ﺍﺑﲏ ﺃﺵ ﺟﺎﺏ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻟﻌﻨّﺎ ،ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﻣـﻮ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﻮ ،ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﻲ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺍﺑـﻦ ﻋﻤـﻲ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﳊﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺳﻨﺘﲔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﺍﺑـﻦ
ﻋﺎﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ. ﺃﺭﺑﻄﻌﺶ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺵ ﺃﺟﺎﱐ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﻴﺪﺭ ﺗﻴﺠﻴﲏ ﻣـﻦ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺖ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳉﺎﺭۤﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ
ﺗﺒﻨﻮ ،ﻭﺃﺵ ﺃﺟﺎﱐ ﻣﺎﻟﻘﺮﺩ ﺗﻴﺠﻴﲏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺑﻨﻮ؟ ﺍﺑﻨﻮ ﲝﻀﻨﻮ ﻭﻋـﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺳﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻫﺎﺟﺮ.
ﺑﺪﻭّۤﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻕ :ﺟﻴﺐ ﺃﻛﻮﺱ ﻭﻟﺪ ﺭﺍﺡ ﺟﺎﺏ ﺍﺑﻨﻮ،
ﺃﻧﺎ ﲝﻠۤﻒ ﻭﺍﺑﲏ ﺑﺰﺣﻠۤﻒ ،ﻣﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺍﺑﻨَﻚ ﻣﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻘﻠَـﻚ، ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻳﺔ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﳐﻄﻮﺏ
ﻃﺒْﻠﻮﺍ ﻳﺎﻫﻮ! ﺃﺟﺎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﻡ ﻋﺘﻤﺎﻥ ،ﻳﻬﻨﻴﻜﻲ ﺣﺠّۤﺔ! ﺍﺑﻨۤﻚ ﺗﻌﻠّـﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺩّ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻃﺎﺑﻖ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻃﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻒ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﺑـﻦ
ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻗﺮﺵ) ،ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺷﺨﻂ ﻃﻔﻞ ﺷﺨﻄﺎً ﻓﻘﻴﻞ( ،ﻗﺸّۤـﻖ ﺟﺪﻭﺩ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﳉﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﻮﺱ ﲢﺘﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻟﻌﻦ ﻣﺎﳋﺎﻝ ﺇﻻ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺧﺘﻮ ،ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻧـﺎ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻗﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻙ...
ﻣﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺯﻧﺖ ﺃﻣﻮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻀﻴﻊ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺑـﺪّﻭ
ﻛﻮﻳّﺲ ﻭﺭﺧﻴﺺ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻧﺎﺱ. ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﺗﻘﺪﻡ :ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﻠﻢ ،ﻭﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﺰّ....
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺏ ﻷﺑﻨـﻮ :ﺃﺟـﺎ ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﺑﻦ ﻭﺍﺑﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﺣﺒﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺫﺍ
ﺗَﻴْﺒَﻮﺳﻮ ﻋﺾ ﻟﻠﻮ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ. ﻭﺫﺍﺕ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺎﺳﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻧﺼّﻮ ﺧﻠﻘﺔ ﻭﻧﺼﻮ ﺧﺮﻗﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﳌﻮﺣّﻤﺔ ﺍﳓﺮﻣﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﻠﺔ ﺑﺘﺸﺘﻬﻴﻬﺎ
ﺑﺘﻄﻠﻊ ﻫﺎﻷﻛﻠﺔ ﲜﺴﺪ ﺍﺑﻨﺎ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻌﺬﺑﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﻖ ﺑﻜـﻮﻥ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺩﻡ ﻭﺑﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ.
ﻋﻤﺮ ﺍﺑﻨﺎ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻣﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﻭﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘـﺮﺍﺏ
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻟﻄﻔﻠﻬﺎ[) :ﺗﻘﻮﳍﺎ ﻭﻛﺄﺎ ﺗـﺪﻳﺮ
)ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ(.
ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺔ ﺑﺮﺍﺣﺘﻴﻬﺎ(:
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺃُﺻَﻴْﺒِﻌﺔ :ﺃﲪﺪ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻃﺒﺎﺀ،
ﺍﺑﲏ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﺭٔﻩ ﻛﺒّﻰۤ ﻛﺒﻴﺒﺔ ﻳﺎﻓﺎﺭٔﻩ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺃُﺻﻴﺒﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ.
ﻭﺍﺑﲏ ﺑﻨﻮّۤﺭ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﺍﺑﲏ ﺟﻨّﺔ ﰲ ﺑﻴﱵ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺃُﺻَﻴﺒِﻌﺔ :ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴـﺐ
ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲّ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﻢّ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻣـﺎﺕ ﺱ ٦١٦ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﳓﻄﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮﺓ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﻣٔﻲ
ﻫـ. ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺣﻂ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮﺓ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ ،ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳊﻼﻝ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺫﻛـﺮﻭ
ﺑﺒﺎﻥ ،ﺍﻟﻘﻔﻞ ﻋﺎﺑﻦ ﺍﳊﻼﻝ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺟَﺮﺍﺩﺓ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﱘ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩَﻡ :ﻛﻨﻮﺍ ﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺑﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺣُﺼﻴْﻨَﺔ :ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒـﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺸـﺎﻋﺮ
ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻱ ،ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺡ ﺍﳌﺮﺩﺍﺳﻴﲔ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٤٧٥ﻫـ. ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺬﻡ
ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﳌﺪﺡ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﱂ ﻳﺘﻘﻴﺪﻭﺍ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻃﻲْ :ﳛﲕ ﺑﻦ ﲪﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﻠـﱯ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﻌﻲ
ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺭﺥ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٣٦٧ﻫـ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑۤﻦ ﺃَﺩَﻡ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺟﺎ :ﳏﻤﻮﺩ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﻭﱄ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺱ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ
ﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺱ ٩٢٥ﻫـ. ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﰲ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻪ( ،ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ﺷـﺮّﺍﺏ ﺍﳊﻠﻴـﺐ ﺍﻟـﲏّ
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺣﻠﻴﺐ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻓﺴﺮﺕ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ( )ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺕ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺧﺖ] :ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﳋـﺎﻝ ﺑـﺎﺑﻦ
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﺍﳌﻐـﺮﺏ
ﺍﺧﺘﻮ ،ﻭﻣﺎﺃﻟﻌﻦ ﻣﺎﳋﺎﻝ ﺇﻻ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻮ.
ﻭﺍﳉﺰﺍﺋﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﻥ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ(.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﺎﺯِﻱ :ﻏﻴﺚ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﳋﻄـﺎﻁ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﺑﺴﻤﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺿﺮﺳﻮ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٥٠٩ﻫـ.
ﺁﺩﻡ ﺑﺴﻤﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﲰﺎﻋﻪ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﳊﺴـﻨﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﻣﲑ ﺣﺎﺝّ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﳌﺸـﻬﻮﺭ ﺑـﺎﺑﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺏ(.
ﺍﳌﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٨٧٩ﻫـ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﺸﺘﻠﻮ ﺑﺘﻘﻠﻌﻮ ﺇﻻ ﺍﺑﻦ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃَﻳْﺒَﻚ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺟﻢ ،ﻣـﺎﺕ ﺁﺩﻡ ﺑﺘﺸﺘﻠﻮ ﺑﻘﻠﻌﻚ ،ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺸﺒﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﻮ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ.
ﲝﻠﺐ ﺱ ٧٤٤ﻫـ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺟﺒﻞ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻼﻗﻰ ﻣﻊ ﺟﺒﻞ ﻭﺍﺑـﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﺎﻃﻴﺶ :ﺇﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴـﻪ ،ﻣـﺎﺕ ﺱ ﺑﺘﻼﻗﻰ ﻣﻊ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ.
٦٥٥ﻫـ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻠـﺔ ﺿـﻌﻴﻒ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻳﻖ :ﳛﲕ ﺑﻦ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ،ﺃﺗﻰ ﺟﺒّﺎﺭ.
ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٦٠٠ﻫـ.
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ﺍﺑﻦ ﲪﺰﺓ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑَﻄﻼﻥ :ﻳﻮﺣﻨّﺎ :ﻃﺒﻴﺐ ﻧﺼﺮﺍﱐ ﺭﺣـﻞ ﻣـﻦ
ﲦﺎﱐ ﺳﻨﲔ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٩٣٨ﻫـ. ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺳﻨﺔ ٤٤٠ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳊﻨْﺒَﻠﻲ :ﺭﺿﻲّ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺩﰲ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻼﻝ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺩﺭّﺱ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﺃﻓﱴ،
ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ،ﺃﻟﻒ " ﺍﻟﺰَﺑَﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻀَﺮﺏ ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﻠﺐ " )ﳐﻄﻮﻁ(، ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٩٥٧ﻫـ.
ﻭﻟﻪ " ﺩﺭ ﺍﳊَﺒَﺐ ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺃﻋﻴﺎﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ " )ﳐﻄـﻮﻁ( .ﻭﻟـﻪ
ﻛﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻔﺎﺕ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٩٧١ﻫـ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻙ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻗﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺘـﺮﻙ :ﻓَﻨـﺎ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﻴّﻮﺱ :ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ،ﺭﺣﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﺯﺍﺭ ﺃَﺑـﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺀ ﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺱ ٤٧٣ﻫـ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻗﻨﺴﺮﻳﻦ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺟﺪﻭﺩ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺟﺪﻭﺩ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ
ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺴﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺃﻭﻻﺩ ﺍﳉﺪﻭﺩ ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺎﺛﺘﻬﻢ:
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﻮﻳﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺓ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ " ﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﻳﺎﺟﺪّﺍﻩ! ،ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ :ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﳉﺪﻭﺩ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ :ﺃﻭﻻﺩ ﺍﳉـﺪﻭﺩ
ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ " ،ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻃﻮﻳﻼً ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺳﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ. ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﺪﻭﺩ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ . ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳉَﺰَﺭﻱ :ﺍﳊﺴﲔ ﺍﳊﻠـﱯ ﺍﻟﺸـﺎﻋﺮ ،ﻣـﺎﺕ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳋﺮّﺍﻁ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻧﺸﺄ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺱ ١٠٣٣ﻫـ.
ﻭﻧﺎﺩﻡ ﻧﺎﺋﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﻭﱄ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٨٤٠ﻫـ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺟﻨّﻲ :ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﻃﻮﻳﻼً ﰲ ﺣﻠـﺐ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﺮﻭﻑ :ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ،ﺃُﺳﻨﺪ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻹﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﻳﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٣٩٢ﻫـ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ .٦٠٤ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺟَﻬِﲑ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻧﺎﻇﺮ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﻠـﺐ،
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﻄﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺻﺮﻳﺔ :ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﳉﱪﻳﲏ ﻟﻪ " ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٤٨٣ﻫـ.
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﻠﺐ " .ﺫﻳّﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﱘ، ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣْﺒﻮﺱ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻗﻀﻰ ﻋﻤـﺮﺍً ﻃـﻮﻳﻼً ﰲ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻘﺮﻳﺰﻱ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ ،ﻣـﺎﺕ ﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻮﻥ.
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ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳉَﻮْﺯِﻱ :ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟـﺮﲪﻦ :ﺃَﻧﻔـﺬﻩ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧَﻠﱢﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﲪﺪ :ﺑﺪﺃ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉـﻮﺍﻟﻴﻘﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻨﺼﺮ ﰲ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﻠﻜﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺇﱃ ﺍﻟـﺮﻭﻡ،
ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺷﺪّﺍﺩ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺳﻨﺔ ٦٢٦ﻫـ. ﻭﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﺷﺮﻑ ﻭﺇﱃ ﺃﺧﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻓﻤﺎﺗﻮﺍ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ ،ﻓﺘﺸﺎﺀﻡ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳋﻴّﺎﻁ :ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻃﻮﻳﻼً ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪﻭﻣﻪ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٦٥٦ﻫـ.
٥١٧ﻫـ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﻴﺐ :ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺳﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﺭﺥ ﺻـﺎﺣﺐ "
ﺍﻷﺑﻨﺪﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﻕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻧﺴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎ " ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٧٧٩ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ:
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ﺍﺑﻦ ﺷﺪّﺍﺩ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ " ﺍﻷﻋـﻼﻕ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴﺪﻱ :ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﶈـﺪﺙ
ﺍﳋﻄﲑﺓ " ﻭ " ﺳﲑﺓ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ " ﻭ " ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﻠـﺐ "، ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٦٣١ﻫـ.
ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٦٨٤ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ :ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﶈﻨّﻚ ﺑﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﻬﻮ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺷﺪّﺍﺩ :ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺑﻦ ﺭﺍﻓﻊ ،ﺍﳌﺆﺭﺥ ،ﺳـﺎﻓﺮ ﺇﱃ ﻳﻘﻆ ﳏﺘﺎﻁ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ،ﻭﲨﻌﻪ :ﺃﻭﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ.
ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٦٣٢ﻫـ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻮ ﻭﻗﺪّ ﻭﻗﺘﻮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ .
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺯَﻧﻜَِﻲ :ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﺑﻦ ﻣﻮﺩﻭﺩ ،ﺍﺳـﺘﻮﱃ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺷﻬﺎﺏ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ،ﺍﻟﺼﻮﰲ ،ﻭﻟﺪ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٥٨٩ﻫـ.
ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١١٨٦ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺳُﺮﺍﻗﺔ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺃﲪـﺪ ،ﻭﱄ ﻣﺸـﻴﺨﺔ ﺩﺍﺭ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺼَﻨﻴﻌﺔ :ﺇﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ ،ﻧﺎﻇﺮ ﺃﻭﻗـﺎﻑ ﺣﻠـﺐ، ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﲝﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٦٢٢ﻫـ.
ﺣﺴﺒﻮﻩ ﺷﻴﻌﻴﺎً ﻓﺄﻟﻒ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎً ﰲ ﻓﻀﻞ ﺃﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ ،ﻣﺎﺕ
ﺱ ٧٠٠ﻫـ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺳِﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﳋَﻔﺎﺟِﻲ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﺗﻠﻤﻴﺬ
ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺀ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻱ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٤٦٦ﻫـ.
ﺍﻻﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻧـﺎ ،ﻭﻫـﻮ
ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﰊ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺳﻨﺎﻥ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ،ﻭﱄ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺣﻠـﺐ،
ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٠٣٨ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﺎﻥ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﻯﺀ ،ﺭﺣﻞ
ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺱ ٥٦٠ﻫـ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺳِﻨﲔ :ﺳﺮﻭﺭ ﺑﻦ ﺍﳊﺴﲔ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ،ﻣﺎﺕ
ﺱ ١٠٢٠ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻃُﻨﺒُﻞ :ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭﻝ ﲟﻜﺘﺐ ﺳـﻮﻕ ﺍﳍـﻮﻯ
ﲝﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٨٨١ﻫـ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺷِﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ :ﳏﻤﻮﺩ ﺑﻦ ﻧﺼﺮ ،ﺃَﻣﲑ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺳﻲ
ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٤٦٧ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌِﱪﻱ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻔَﺮَﺝ ،ﺃﺳﻘﻒ ﺍﻟﻴﻌﺎﻗﺒﺔ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ
ﺍﺭﺗﻘﻰ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺗﺒﺔ ﺟﺎﺛﻠﻴﻖ ،ﻟﻪ ﳓﻮ ٣٥ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺎً ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٢٨٦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺸِﺤﻨﺔ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﱪ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﺪﱘ
ﻡ. ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﻮﺭﻱ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٩٢١ﻫـ.
ﻭﻳﺮﻭﻯ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺇﱃ ﻫﻮﻻﻛﻮ ﺭﺍﺟﻴﺎً ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﻔﻮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ،ﻭﻟﺪ ﰲ ﺣﻠـﺐ،
ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﺄﻣﺮ ﲝﺒﺴﻪ ﰲ ﻗﻠﻌﺔ ﳒﻢ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٢٦٠ﻡ. ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﳊﻨﻔﻴﺔ ﻭﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ ،ﻟﻪ " ﻧﺰﻫﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻇﺮ
ﰲ ﺭﻭﺽ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻇﺮ " ﻭﻫﻮ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻻﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﱘ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻤﻲ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺩﺭّﺱ ﻭﺃَﻟّﻒ،
ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٦٧٣ﻫـ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪ ،ﻗﺎﺿـﻲ ﻗﻀـﺎﺓ
ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺩﻣﺸﻖ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺱ ١٤٧٧ﻡ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﱘ :ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﺃَﲪﺪ ﺍﳌﻠﻘﺐ ﺑﺎﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺟﺮﺍﺩﺓ،
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺯﻳﺮ ﻭﻣﺆﺭﺥ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﳏﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﳊﻠـﱯ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴـﻪ
ﺍﻷﻛﱪ ،ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻫﺪ ،ﻧﺴﺦ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺐ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ ﺍﳌﺆﺭﺥ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٨١٥ﻫـ.
ﻭﺧﻄﺐ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﺃﻟّﻒ " ﺑﻐﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﻠﺐ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ :ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ،ﻭﱄ
" ﻭ"ﺯﺑﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﻠﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﻠﺐ " ﻭﻏﲑﳘـﺎ ،ﻣـﺎﺕ ﺱ
ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٨٩٠ﻫـ.
.٦٢٨
- ٤٠ -
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺴﺮﺍﱐ :ﺗﻮﱃ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﰲ ﺣﻠـﺐ، ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺱ ١٦ﺹ ١٤٥ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺱ ٢٠ﺹ
٣٤٩ﻭﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﱐ .
ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٥٤٨ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺸﺎﺋﺮ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻆ ﺍﳌﺆﺭﺥ ﺧﻄﻴﺐ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻘَﻴْﺴَﺮﺍﱐ :ﺧﺎﻟﺪ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ،ﺍﺳـﺘﻮﺯﺭﻩ
ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﱘ ،ﻭﺃﻟﻒ " ﺗـﺎﺝ
ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻴﺪ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٥٨٨ﻫـ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻗﻨﺴﺮﻳﻦ " ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٧٨٩ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﺒّﻮﺩِﻱ :ﳛﲕ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻟﻪ ﺗﺼﺎﻧﻴﻒ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋِﻤﺮﺍﻥ :ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ ،ﻣـﺎﺕ ﺱ
٦٧٠ﻫـ.
١٠٧٤ﻫـ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﶈﺐ )ﺣﺎﺭﺓ (. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﶈﺐ:
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻢ :ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﻷﺏ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳌﺮٔﺻّٔﺺ :ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ .ﺍﻟﺸـﺎﻋﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ.
ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺱ ٦٣٨ﻫـ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﻮ ﺷﻖّ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺎﺭ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣُﺴﺪِﻱ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﻷﻧﺪﻟﺴﻲ ،ﻗﺮﺃ ﻋﻠﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﻲ ﻭﺃﻧـﺎ
ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٦٦٣ﻫـ.
ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣَﻜّﻲ :ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ ،ﺃَﻗـﺎﻡ ﻣـﺪﺓ ﰲ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋّﻴﺎﺵ :ﺍﳊﺴﲔ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٥٠٨
ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٥٩٨ﻫـ.
ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﻠَﻚ :ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﺣَﻤَﻮﻱ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ ﺣﻠـﱯ ﺍﳌﻨﺸـﺄ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻴۤﺐ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺯﻧﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺓ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١١٦١ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻴۤﻠۤﺔ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﳎﻴﺪﺓ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳌُﻨَﻰ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﱐ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺷـﻴﺦ
ﺍﻹﻗﺮﺍﺀ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٨٣٩ﻫـ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﻏٔﻠْﺒﻮﻥ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻨﻌﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﻴﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ،ﻭﻟـﺪ
ﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺱ ٣٨٩ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣُﻨﻘِﺬ :ﻣُﺮﺷِﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ ﻭﻟﺪ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ،
ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٥٣١ﻫـ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻑ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﻲ ﻓﻴﺾ ﺍﷲ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﻼ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺃﻟـﻒ " ﺎﻳـﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺎﻗﱯ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﻯﺀ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﻣﺎﺕ
ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻭﻻﺓ ﺣﻠﺐ " ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٠١٠ﻫـ. ﺱ ٨٤٩ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﱢﺖ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﻣﲑ ﺣﺎﺝ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﱢﲑ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺃَﻟّﻒ " ﺍﻷﺟﻮﺑﺔ "
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺳﺌﻞ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﺩﻣﺸـﻖ ،ﻣـﺎﺕ ﺱ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻧﺎﻫِﺾ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٨٤١
١٠٩٣ﻫـ.
ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻗﻀﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻥ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻮﻑ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻧُﺒﺎﺗﺔ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ ،ﺧﻄﻴﺐ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﻧﻘﻴﺐ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻟﻪ ﳓﻮ ٤٠ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻔﺎً ،ﻣـﺎﺕ ﳓـﻮ ﺱ ١٠٤٠
ﳛﺚ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺳﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ،ﻭﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﻄﺒـﻪ
ﻫـ.
ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٣٧٤ﻫـ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ . ﺍﺑﻦ ﻗﻀﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻥ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﻧﻘﻴﺐ
ﺃﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻗﺘﻞ ﺱ ١٠٩٦ﻫـ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻧُﺒﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪﻱ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤـﺮ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺳﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٤٠٥ﻫـ.
- ٤١ -
ﺃٕﺑۤﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑَﻪ ﺃَﺑْﻬﺎً ﻭﺃﺑِﻪ ﺃﺑَﻬﺎً ﻟﻪ ﻭﺑﻪ :ﻓﻄـﻦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺤّﺎﺱ :ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ،
ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﺴﻴﺎﻥ .ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻲ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً. ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٠٥٢ﻫـ.
ﺍﻷﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷَﻰ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺀ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺤّﺎﺱ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻟﺪ
ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٦٩٨ﻫـ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎ ﻫۤﻢ . ﺍﻹٕﺎﻡ:
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻨَﺼﻴﱯ :ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺿﻞ ،ﻣﺎﺕ
ﺍﻷﺞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺠﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺱ ٨٧٣ﻫـ.
ﺍﻷﺪﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺪﻝ .ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻨَﺼﻴﱯ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ،ﻧـﺎﺏ ﰲ ﻗﻀـﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻋﻲ.
ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٩١٦ﻫـ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺷﺎﻑ ﺃَﺪﻝ ﻣﻨﻮ ﺑﻘﺘﻞ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻧُﺼﻴۤﺮ] :ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ،ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ :ﺟﺐ
ﺣﺎﻟﻮ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺒّﺔ ،ﰲ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﳊﻲ ﻗﱪ ﻧُﺼﲑ ﺑﻦ ﺩﺍﻏﺮ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻳﻨـﺎﻭﻯﺀ
ﺍﻷﺑْﻬٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺮ :ﻋﺮﻕ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﺐ. ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﰒ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻪ ،ﻗﱪﻩ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺃﲪﺪ :ﻛﻨﻮﺍ ﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻴﺪﻱ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺫﺍ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻴﺐ :ﺃﺩﻳﺐ ﺣﻠﱯ ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٠٥٦ﻫـ.
ﳌﺎ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﻮﺫ ﻣﺎﱄ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻴﺐ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﻧﻘﻴﺐ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﺳﺤﺎﻗﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺧﻴﻤـﺔ ﺍﳋﻠـﻴﻼﰐ، ﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ .ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١١٠٧ﻫـ.
ﻳﻬﻮﺩﻱ ﻣﻬﻨﺘﻪ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﻳﻖ ﻭﺍﳉُﻮﺭَ ﺍﻟﻔﻨّﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﲟﻈﻬﺮ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻫﻼﻝ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﻟﻪ ﺗﺼـﺎﻧﻴﻒ،
ﲟﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺰّ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻮﻑ ﺑﻪ] ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺜـﻞ
ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٩٣٣ﻫـ،
ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻤﻲ :ﻣﺎﺑﻌﺰّﻝ ﻫﺎﳉﻮﺭﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﺳﺤﺎﻗﺎ )ﻳﻀﺮﺑﻮﻧﻪ ﳌـﻦ
ﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﻟﻠﺤﻘﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻷﺩﱏ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻘﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﺳﺮﺓ(. ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩﻱ :ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻣﻈﻔﺮ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﺑﻼﻣﻴﺘﻪ :ﺍﻋﺘﺰِﻝ ...ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٧٤٩ﻫـ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺃﻣّﻮﻥ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﺎ ﻣـﻦ
ﻃﺤﲔ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ،ﺗﺒﺴﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﻓﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﻤﺮﺍ ﺍﳌﺪﻗﻮﻗـﺔ ﻣـﻊ ﺃﺑﻨﻮﺱ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁﺑﻨﻮﺱ.
ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻭﻋﺼﲑ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ )ﻭﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﻣﻊ ﺩﺑﺲ ﺍﻟﺮﻣّﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﻢ(
ﻭﻳﺮﺵ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺰﺑﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻤّﻮﻥ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﰒ ﲣﺒﺰ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﻮﺭ ﻏﺎﻟﺒـﺎً، ﺍﺑﻦ ﻳﺎﺳﺮ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻷﻧﺪﻟﺴﻲ ﺍﶈﺪﺙ ،ﻣﺎﺕ
ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺧﺒﺰﻩ ﻣﺎﺋﻼً ﻟﻠﺴﻮﺍﺩ ،ﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﺍﻟﺴﻲﺀ ﺃﺑـﻮ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺱ ٥٦٣ﻫـ.
ﺃﻣﻮﻥ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﻳﻌﻘﻮﺏ] :ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ
ﻇﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻛﻤﻮﻥ ،ﻷﻥ ﻣﺎﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﺑﺒﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲝﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺰﻏﺎﺭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻮﻥ ﻛﻬﺬﺍ ،ﻭﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺈﺗﻘﺎﻥ ﻭﻳﺆﻛﻞ ﺑﻜﺜـﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻳﻌﻴﺶ :ﺷﺎﺭﺡ " ﺍﳌﻔﺼـﻞ " ﻟﻠﺰﳐﺸـﺮﻱ ﰲ
ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ. ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ،ﻭﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻳﻎ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﲝﻠﺐ ﻭﺩﻓﻦ ﰲ ﻣﻘـﱪﺓ
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ﺱ ٦٤٣ﻫـ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻋﻲ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ .
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]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺑﺮﻳﺺ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎﲜﻴﻪ ﺑﺮﻳﺺ ﺃﺵ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺑْﺮﻳۤﺺ :ﺣﺸﺮﺓ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﺩﻭﻥ ،ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﲰﻮ؟ ﺍﻟﻮﺯَﻏَﺔ ﻭﺳﺎﻡّ ﺃﺑﺮﺹ ﻭﺳﻢﱡ ﺃﺑﺮﺹ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺳـﻴَﺪﻩ :ﻭﺃﺑـﻮ
ﺑﺮﻳﺺ ﻛﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮَﺯَﻏﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﺴﺮﺣﻴﺎﺕ ﻛﺸﻜﺶ ﺑﻚ ﺍﳍﺰﻟﻴﺔ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺮﺡ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺑـﻪ
ﺃَﻣﺎﻡ ﺷﺎﺏ ﳝﺸﻲ ﻣﺪﻻً ﻣﺘﻜﱪﺍً: ﻭﺳﺒﺐ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﺎﻡ ﺃَﺑﺮﺹ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ
ﲰﺎً ﻳﺼﻴﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﺹ. ﺃَﻥ ﰲ ﻓﺼﻴﺼﺎﺕ ﺃَﺻﺎﺑﻌﻬﺎ ّ
-ﻣﻨﻮ ﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﺑﺴﻼﻣﺘﻚ؟
ﻭﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﻧﻪ :ﺟَﻤَﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ.
-ﺃَﻧﺎ ،ﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺴﻴۤﺲ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ :ﺃﻡّ ﺑْﺮﻳﺺ.
-ﺍﻛﺴﱪﻳۤﺲ؟
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺳَﻤٓﻤﻴﺘٓﺎ.
-ﻷ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻟﻠﻚ :ﺃَﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺴﻴﺲ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ :ﺳﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﺮﺹ .
-ﺑﻼ ﺍﻟﺒﺎۤﺱ ؟ )ﻭﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﻟﺘﺤﺖ(
ﻭﻃﻌﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﻡ ﻭﺍﳊﺸﺮﺍﺕ .ﻓﻬﻲ ﺇﺫﻥ ﻧﺎﻓﻌﺔ.
-ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺴﻴۤﺲ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺴﻴۤﺲ
ﻭﱂ ﺗﺮﺩ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ ﺇﻻ ﲟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﳊﻘﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ.
-ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺑﺮﻳﺺ؟
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻠﺒﻖ ﻟﻠﺸﻮﺣﺔ ﻣﺮﺟﻮﺣﺔ ﻭﻷﺑـﻮ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻘﺘﻞ ﺳﺒﻊ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﺮﻳﺼـﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﻳﺺ ﺧﻼﺧﻴﻞ )ﺃﻭ ﻗﺒﻘﺎﺏ(.
ﳎﻤﻌﲔ ﺑﻀﺮﺑﺔ ﻛﻒ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺑﺘﻨﻜﺘﺐ ﻟﻮ ﺣﺠﺔ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﺪﻳﺎﻢ[ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻤﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑـﺮﻳۤﺺ ﺑﻐﻨﱢـﻲ
ﻭﺳﺒﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻘﺎﺭ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ ﺃَﻥ " ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﺮﻳﺺ " ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺘﺪﻕ.
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﺦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ :ﻧﺎﺭ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃُﺿﺮﻣﺖ ﻹﺣﺮﺍﻗﻪ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ.
ﻟﻜﻦ "ﺍﻟﺸﻘﺮْﻗﺔ" ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﺘﺒﻖ ﺍﳌﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺗَﺘّﻄﻔﻴّﺎ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻭْﱄ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﻣﻌﻨّﻘﺔ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺃﺑﻮ
ﺑﺮﻳﺺ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﻠﻴﻌﺺ .
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁﺩﻡ . ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺒَﺸَﺮ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺁﺩﻡ.
ﻣﺎﺗﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻞ ﺩﺑّﺎﺑﺎﺕ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﻄﻮﺵ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻄﻮﺵ.
ﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﺮﻳﺺ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻮ ﺳَﺮْﺝ ﻭﺭﻛﺎﺑﺎﺕ
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﳋﻠﻔـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺷـﺪﻳﻦ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺗـﺮﺍﻙ
ﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﻧﻪ :ﻳﺎﺭ ﻏﺎﺭ :ﺻﺪﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺭ .ﻭﻳﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻋﻠـﻰ ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻭﻳﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻤﻴﺔ[) :ﻭﻳﻼﺣﻆ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺏ
ﺍﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺷﻜﻮﺍ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﺮّ ﺻﺎﺣﻮﺍ :ﻫﺰّ ﺷـﻴﺒﺘَﻚ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ(:
ﻳﺎﺻﺪﱢﻳﻖ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﻬﻠﻮﺍ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻣﻨﺎﻡ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻩ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﺑـﻮ
ﺑﻜﺮ ،ﻭﻳﺼﻔﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺱ ﺑﺸﺮﺍﺏ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ. ﺣﺒّﻴﺖ ﳏﺒﻮﺏ ﺗﻘﻞ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺟﻮ ﺧَﻤْﺲ ﺗﺮﻃﺎﻝ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑْﻠﻴۤﻌۤﺺ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑْﺮﻳﺺ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﺮﻓﺔ ﻭﺻﻴﺒﺎﻧﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻨﻄﺎﺭ
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ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺎﻣۤﺪ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻤﻴـﺔ :ﻣﺘـﻞ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟْﺘﺮٔﺍﻛِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻻﻋﱯ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺎﺏ ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ
ﺑﺮﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ :ﺍﳌﺎ ﻣﻘﺸﻮﻃﺔ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻉ ﺩﻧﺒﻮ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻠﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻛﻌﺐ ﻛـﺒﺶ
ﻛﺒﲑ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺠﻞ ﺻﻐﲑ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ .
ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺟﻨﺒﺎﻅ ﺩﻭﺍﺏ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﺎﻧﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﺗۤﺔ :ﻧﻘﺪ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻗﺮﻭﺵ،
ﻳﺰﻋﺞ ﺍﳌﺎﺭﺓ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺧﺎﻧﺘﻪ ﻗﻄﻴﻌﺎً. ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻟﻨﺎﻩ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ ﺳﻌﺮﻩ ﲰﻮﻩ :ﺑﺸـﻠﻚ ﺃﻱ :ﺃَﺑـﻮ
ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺒﺎﻳۤﺐ :ﺑﻄﻦ ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻳﻌـﺪ ٦٠
ﺧﻴﻤﺔ. ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺗٕﻢّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺯﻫﺮ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ،ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ:
ﰎ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻜﺔ .ﺇﺫﺍ ﺿﻐﻄﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺄﺳﻪ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻓﻮﻫﺘﻪ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺒﻴﺐ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺒﻴـﺐ:
ﺑﺪﻕّ ﻣﺎﺑﻐﻨﱢﻲ. ﺃﺑﻮ ﺗﻴﻨۤﺔ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺒﺞ ،ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠـﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ ١٨٧ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺗﻴﻨﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘﲔ.
ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺒﻴﺐ ﺁﻻﰐ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻬﻮﺓ " ﺑﻮﺍﺑـﺔ
ﺍﳋﻞ " ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﺍﻵﻻﺗﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﳚﻴـﺪ ﺍﻟﻀـﺮﺏ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳉﺪﺍﻳۤﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﳏﻠﺔ " ﺍﳌﺰﻭﱠﻕ " ،ﻳﻘـﺮﺃ
ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺑﻜﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻﻳﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﻐﻨﲔ ﺑﺼﻮﺗﻪ ﺫﻫﺎﺑﺎً ﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺎﻧﲔ ﻭﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﳊﺠﺐ ،ﻭﺍﺑﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺣﻞ ﳏﻠﻪ.
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﺍ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺣﺴﻦ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺣﺎﺳﺪﻳﻪ ﺳﻘﻮﻩ ﻣﺎﺀ ﺯﺑﻞ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟﺮٔﺍﺩﺓ :ﺑﻄﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﱄ ،ﻳﻘﻴﻤﻮﻥ
ﻓﻘﻀﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻮﺗﻪ ،ﻧﻌﺮﻓﻪ. ﰲ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﻗﺴﻄﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻮﺭ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺮﺑۤﺔ :ﻓﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪﻳﲔ ﻳﻌﺪّ ٥٠ﺑﻴﺘﺎً ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟﺮﺍﺩﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺟﻴﺲ) :ﻗﻴﺲ( ﺗﻘﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﻗـﺔ.
ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺣﻠﺐ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣَﺴَﻦ :ﻓﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺑﻮ ﺷﻌﺒﺎﻥ ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺨﺔ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟﺮﺍﺩﺓ :ﺑﻄﻦ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﳝﻠﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﲝﻠﺐ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻗﺔ. ﳍﺎ ﺃﻗﺬﺍﺭ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻳﺎﻗﻮﺕ.-
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺸﻴﺶ :ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻂ ﻣﻬﺮﱢﺝ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻄﻲ ﺍﳌـﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟَﻤِﻴﻞ :ﻓَﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪﻳﻦ ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺣﻠﺐ،
ﺑﺮﻗﺼﻪ ﻭﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺗﻪ. ﻳﻌﺪّ ٢٥٠ﺑﻴﺘﺎً.
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻲ ﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺻـﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﺗﺒـﺔ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟَﻨْﺐ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻃﺎﻥ ،ﻷﻧﻪ ﳝﺸﻲ
ﺟﺎﻭﻳﺶ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ١٩ﻡ ،ﻭﺭﺍﻓﻖ ﳏﻤﻞ ﺍﳊﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺣﺞ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﺳُﺮّﺡ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻤﻼً ﺷﺄﻥ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ
ﺷﺒﺎﺏ ﺫﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻘﻀﻮﻥ ﺷـﺒﺎﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺴـﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﰒ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟَﻨَﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻳﻨﺎ ﻛﻤﺎﻱ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑـﻮ
ﺍﻟﺮﺩﻳﻔﻴﺔ ﰒ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ ،ﻓﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺃﺳﻬﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭﺃﺭﲝـﻪ :ﺍﺧﺘـﺎﺭ ﺟَﻨَﺐ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ :ﺩﺧَﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﺔ ﻭﻛﻤﺸﻮﺍ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻄﺎﺀ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺮﻳﺞ -ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻜﺘﺔ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﳍﺎ ﺳـﻠﻄﺎﻥ، ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟَﻨَﺐ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﻭﻥ ﲣﺼﻴﺺ.
ﻟﻮ ﻋﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﻓﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻜﻴﺖ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳉﻨﺒﲔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻧﺪﺝ ﺫﻱ ﺍﳊﺪّﻳﻦ.
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﻃﺮﻃﻮﺭﺍً ﳐﺮﻭﻃﻴﺎً ﻃﻮﻳﻼً ﳏﻠّﻰ ﺑـﺎﳋﺮﺯ
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺩﻉ ﻭﺍﻷﺯﺭﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﺮﺍﺱ ﺍﻟﺼـﻐﲑﺓ ﻣﺮﺳـﻼً ﺇﱃ
ﺍﳋﻠﻒ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃَﺫﻧﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﻛﺸﺮﺍﺑﺔ ،ﻭﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﺩﻑ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻐﻨﻴﺎً :ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺣﺸﻴﺶ ﻭﺣﺸﻴﺸﺎﺗﻮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ ﺗﻨﻔﺦ ﻛﻴﱠﺎﺗﻮ ،ﺍﷲ
ﳜﻠﻲ ﱄ ﺍﻷﲰﺮ ﺷﻮﺍﺭﺑﻮ ﺷﺎﺭﺏ ﻋﻨﺘﺮ ،ﰒ ﻳﻨﻂّ ﻭﻳﺒﺴـﻂ ﻳـﺪ
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ﻭﻣﺜﻞ ﺃﺑﻮ ﲪﺪﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺻﻴﺎﺡ ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺭْﺑﺎﺡ ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﺠﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮّﻝ ﻭﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﺯﻭﺟﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻊ ﺑﺮﺑﺢ ﻻﺑﺄﺱ ﺑﻪ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﺌﻮﻧﺘﻪ
ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺭﻭﻳﺶ ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﻗﻌّﻮﺩ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﰲ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺧﻠﻴﻞ. ﻓﻴﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ﻭﺍﳊﺼﺎﺩ.
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﲪﺸﻮٓ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﻨﻮﻥ ﺣﻠﱯ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺑٔﺎﺑٔﺎ ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﺃَﻃﺮﻑ ﻣﺎﲰﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ:
ﺍﻨﻮﻥ ﺻﺤﺒﺔ ،ﳝﺸﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﻳﻀـﺤﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻳﺘﺒـﺎﺩﻻﻥ ﺍﻟﻘـﺒﻼﺕ
ﻭﻳﺘﻘﺎﲰﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﳛﺼﻼﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ،ﻋﺎﺵ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﱂ ﻳﺮﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺘﻘﺐ ﻧﻌﺎﻟﻪ
٢٠ﻡ. ﻳﺸﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻛﻔّﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺸﻰ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﻮﺭﺓ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌـﺎﻥ ،ﺍﲰﻬـﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﺏ ﺍﳌﺴﻬﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃَﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍ
ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺣۤﻮٓﺭٓﺍ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺽ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃَﺭﻣﻠـﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ. ١٨٣ ﺑﻄﺒﻂ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳋﻼ
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺧﺎﺗﻮﻥ] :ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ [ ...ﺗْﺮﻭﺡ ﺭﻭٓﺣﺔ ﰒ ﺧﻠﻔﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺶ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻴۤﻀﺎ ﺑﻴۤﻀﺎ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺧﺎﺗﻮﻥ) ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﳝﻮﺕ ﻣﻴﺘﺘﻪ( ﻭﻫﻮ ﺣﻮﺫﻱ ﻏﺮﻕ ﻣﻊ
ﻋﺮﺑﺘﻪ ﻭﺩﻭﺍﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﻞ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺼﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﻳﺰ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺷﺮﻗﻲ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺣﺼﲑﺓ :ﺃﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﻮ ﺣﺼﲑﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺿﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ. ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ ،ﻟﻮّﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺃﻟﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﺬﻋﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏ.
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺧﺒﻴﻂ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺧﺒﻴﺖ :ﻣﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻃﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﲰﻮﻩ ))ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺣﺼﲑﺓ(( ﻷﻧﻪ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻳﻠـﺒﺲ ﻗﺒﻌـﺔ
ﻳﻨﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺧﺒﻴﺚ. ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺼﲑ ،ﺳﺄﻟﻮﺍ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻳﺦ :ﺷﻴﺨﻲ ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻝ:
ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ،ﺇﻱ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺣﺼﲑﺓ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ؟
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ [ ...ﺿﺮﺑﻮ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺧﺒﻴﻂ.
-ﺇﻱۤ ﻧﻌﻢ " ،ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﺟﻬﻨّﻢ ﻟﻠﻜﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﺼﲑﺍ ".
ﰲ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻌّﻮﻡ ﲞّـﺎﺵ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸـﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٧ﺹ:٤٢
ﺿﺮﺏ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺧﺒﻴﻂ ﺇﱃ ﺣﺼﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺳﻲ. ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺍﳊْﺼﻴۤﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳊﺼـﲔ :ﻟﻘـﺐ
ﺍﻟﺜﻌﻠﺐ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺗﻮﺗﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻘﺎً :ﺍﳌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺎﺋﻲ
ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻘﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳊﺼﲔ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺧﻠﻴﻞ :ﺷﺎﻉ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﲔ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮ ﻷﺑﻮ ﺍﳊﺼﲔ :ﻣﻨﻮ ﺷﺎﻫْﺪَﻙ ؟
ﻫﻮّﻩ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﺩﺷﺮﻭ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺇﻳﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﻇﻒ ﻛـﺒﲑ ﻳﻌﻤـﻞ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟٓﻦ :ﺩﻧَﺒِﻲ.
ﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﺆﺍﻣﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺃَﺑﻴﻪ ﺧﻠﻴﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳊﺼﲔ ﺑﺮﺑﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﻔـﺎﺭﺓ
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺍﳋﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻗﺎ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﷲ. ﺑﺘﺤﻞّ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺑَﻠَﺪﻱ.
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺩﺭﺍﺡ :ﻓﺨﺬ ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ. ﺃﺑﻮ ﲪﺪﻭٓ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮﺍﻥ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﻭٓﻩ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺑـﻮ
ﲪﺪﻭ ،ﻭﻏﺪﺕ ﻛﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﱠﺮ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺭﳜﺎ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌـﺎﻥ ،ﺍﲰﻬـﺎ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺩﺭﳜٓﺎ :ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻃﻲ ،ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻫﻢ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷـﻠﺤﺖ
ﺹ ٦٢ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ "ﺣﻠﺐ" .ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﳜﺎ ﰲ ﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﺣـﲔ
ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻞ ﺍﶈﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﻭﺵ ﳝﺸﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭﺝ.
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ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﻳﺪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺧﻠﺼﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﻳﺪ ﻭﺣﻠﻴﺒﺎ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺩَﻓﻨۤﺔ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﺓ ،ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺩﻓْﻨۤﺎ :ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ
)ﲰﻮﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﻳﺪ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﺣﻠﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﻣـﺎﺀً ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺟـﺮﻑ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃَﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.٨٣
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ﺳﻴﻞ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﻩ(.
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺭﺍﺱ :ﺻﻐﲑ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﻲ ﻳﺸﻖ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ : ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﻳﺪ ﺍﳍﻼﱄ :ﻣﻦ ﺃَﺑﻄﺎﻝ ﺳﲑﺓ ﺑﲏ ﻫﻼﻝ. ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺑﺘﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﻬﻢ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ
ﺑﲏ ﻫﻼﻝ. ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻴﺪ :ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺭﺍﺱ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺖ ﻷﺑﻮ ﺯﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻟـﺪﻳﺎﺏ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺭﺍﺷۤﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻧﲔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ ﰲ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ
ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﱎ. ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺍﻕ :ﺗﻨﺒﻴـﻪ ﻳﺎﲨﺎﻋـﺔ!
ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ )ﻓﻴﺴﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﺕ( ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋَﻨﺪﻭ ﻣـﺮﺍ
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻧﲔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻧﻴﺔ،
ﻛﻮﻳﺴﺔ ﺍﷲ ﳜﻠﻲ ﻟﻮ ﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﻨﺪﻭ ﻣﺮﺍ ﺑﺸﻌﺔ ﺃَﻟَﺤْﺴﻮٓ ﻫﻮّۤﻩ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﳌﺮﺩﻧﻮﻧﺔ ﺗﺴﲑ ﺩﻓﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﻳّﺎﻫﺎ.
ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﲑ ،ﻭﻳﻨﺼﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻭﺍ ﺑﺪﻻﻢ ﲢﺘﻬﺎ.
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺮٕﻛَﺐ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﻰ ﺗﺘﺮﻙ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺳﺮﻳۤﺠﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻟﻮﻫﻦ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺴﻢ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺐ .ﺍﲰﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ :ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﺰﻡ
ﺍﳉﻨﺪﻱ ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﻗﺒﻌﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻠﺔ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻄﻴﻞ.
ﺍﳌﻔﺼﻠﻲ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺳَﻠﻤَﻰ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ.
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺭْﻭﻳۤﺸﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﺍﲰﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺷﺎﻟﻮﻡ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ. ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺑﺮﻭﻳﺸﺔ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﺎ. ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺭِﳛﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﲰﺎ ﻟﻀﺮﺏ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺒـﻎ ﺫﻱ
ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺴﻨﺔ ،ﻳﺰﺭﻉ ﰲ ﺟﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﲔ ﻭﻳﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﱃ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺷﻠﻬﻮﺏ :ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻮﺳﺎ ،ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ،ﻳﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻓﺨﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﺎﻳﺮ.
ﺍﲰﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺶ :ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﺧﻠﻒ ))ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺣﺸﻴﺶ(( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻩ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺷﻠﻴﻢ :ﻣﺰﺭﻋﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴـﺔ:
ﺃﺑﺎٓ ﺷْﻠﻴﻢ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻷﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﰱ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﰲ: ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﺑﻠۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﻮﺃ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ.
ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ . ٦٤
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﻋﺰﻭﻋﺔ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﳛﻠﻖ ﺣﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﺰﻭﻋﺔ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﺻﻄﻴﻒ :ﺻﻔﺎﻳﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻧﲔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻫﺠﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ ،ﻭﳜﻮﻓﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﻫﻠّـﻖ
ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺟﻨﻮﺩ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﻭﻫﻢّ ﺑﺈﺣﺮﺍﻗﻪ ﻓـﺄﺭﺩﻭﻩ ﲜﻲ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺯﻋﺰﻭﻋﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻢ ﺃﻏﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﺃﻳـﺎﻡ
ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ. ﺍﺎﻋﺎﺕ.
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ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﻤﺎﻳﺎ :ﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳋُﻠﺪ ،ﻭﺍﳋَﻠﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻔـﺄﺭﺓ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻃﺒّۤﺔ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﻃۤﺒﺎ :ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﻮﻥ:
ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻓﺄﺭ ﺣﻘﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻴﻨـﺎﻥ ﻭﻻ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٦
ﺃُﺫﻧﺎﻥ ،ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﳛﻔﺮ ﺟﺤﺮﻩ ﻭﻳﻨﻘﻞ ﺗﺮﺍﺑﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻏﲑ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ. ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻄْﻨٔﻌْﺶ :ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ :ﺃﺑﻄﻨﻌﺶ :ﻧﻘﺪ ﻋﺜﻤـﺎﱐ
ﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﺛﻨﱵ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺑﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻧﺼﻔﻪ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺔ ،ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ :ﺃﺑﻮ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺣﻮﻟﺪﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﺪﺍ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﻌﺸﺎﺕ ﻭﻧﺼﻔﻪ :ﺃﻡّ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺎﺕ.
)ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺴﻮﻯ ﺃﻧﺘٔﻪ ﻭﺷـﻮﺍﺭﺑﻚ ﺃﺑـﻮ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٩ﺹ . ٨٣ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﻌﺶ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﳌـﻦ ﻻﻳـﻨﻈﻢ ﻋﻤﻠـﻪ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻘﺘﻞ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﻌﺶ.
ﻛﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﻤﺎﻳﺎ .ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ :ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺃﻋﻤﻰ.
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﱢﺐ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻱ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ،
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻌْﻴﺎﻝ :ﻟﻘﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺃَﻧﻮﺍﻋـﻪ، ﺳﻜﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٣٥١ﻫـ.
ﻭﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﺐ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻋﻪ ﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﺠﻢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﲪّﺎﻝ ﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺧﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺣـﺎﺭﺓ
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻏٔﺒْﺮٔﺓ :ﻛﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺯ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺣﺎﺭﺱ ،ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﺑﺼﺮﻣﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﻏٔﻨّۤﺔ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑـﺎٓ ﺃَﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﻗﺎً ﻛﻼﻣﺎً ﻣﺎ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺍﺳـﻲ ،ﺃﺟﺎﺑـﻪ ﺍﳌﺘﻨـﺪّﺭ:
ﻛَﻨﺘﺎٓ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃَﰊ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﰲ :ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ
ﺻﺮﻣﺎﻳﺔ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻋﺠﻢ.
.٦٢ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻋﺠّﻮﺭ] :ﻣﻦ ﺃَﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳉْﺪَﻳﺪﺓ
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻏﻨّﻮﺝ :ﻭﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻭﻟﻴﺪ ﻓﺮﺡ ﻓﺮﺡ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﺔ ،ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ.
ﻏﻨﻮﺝ: ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻌٕﺮْﻕ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ :ﻛﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﻴﺪﻱ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﻏﻨﻮﺝ ﻭﲰﻮﻩ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً " ﺍﳌﺘﺒّﻞ " ﻭﺍﳌﺨﺸـﺨﺶ، ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻋﺸﺘﻪ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺑﺎٓ ﻋﻮﺷﺘﺎٓ
ﻭﲰﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﺑَﺒَﻐﻨﻮﺝ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﲰﺘﻪ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺑﺎ ﻏﻨﻮﺝ ﻭﻋﻠـﻰ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺍﳌﻬﺬﺍﺭ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﰲ :ﺣﻠـﺐ ﺹ
ﻧﺎﺯﻳﻚ ،ﻧﻌﻢ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻏﻨﻮﺝ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ: .٨٢
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺩﰲ ﻳﺸﻮﻯ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻥ ﰒ ﻳﻘﺸﺮ ﰒ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺀ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻱ.
ﻳﺪﻕ ﲜﺮﻥ ﺣﺠﺮﻱ ﺑﺪﻗﻤﺎﻕ ﺧﺸﱯ ،ﻭﻳـﺪﻕ ﻭﻳـﺪﻕ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ
ﻳﻨﻤﺎﻉ ﺍﳕﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻆ ،ﻭﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺑﻠﻄﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻕ ﻳﻬﺮﺏ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻋٕﻠْﻮﺍﻥ :ﻃﺒّﺎﻝ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻋﺘّﺎﻝ.
ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄﺶ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻤﺎﻕ ﻻﺋﺬﺍً ﺑﺎﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ ،ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴـﻴﻂ
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻋﻠﻲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻠﻮﺱ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﻠـﻲ ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ
ﻭﻟﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺧﻴﺎﻝ ﻣﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﺎﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻐﻨﺞ ﻏﻨﺞ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻟﺴـﺎﻥ
ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺇﳕﺎ ﺿﺮﺏ ﺃَﺣﺪ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻻﺃَﺣﺪ
ﺣﺎﳍﻦ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻻﻝ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﻣﺎﺑﺪّﻱ ﻭﺑﺪّﻱ ،ﻓﺴﻤﺎﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻏﻨﻮﺝ،
ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻪ ،ﺗﺰﻳﻦ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻳﺎﺕ ﺭﺅﻭﺳﻬﻦ.
ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺫﻭ ،ﻭﺻﺎﻍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻓَﻌﱡﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻄﻴﻒ ﻛﺄَﺳﱡﻮﻡ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ،ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﻮﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻴﻔﺔ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﻠﺲ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﻠﻲ.
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-ﺗْﻔﻀﻞ ..ﺗْﻔﻀﻞ ﺗﻐﺪﻯ ﻋﻨﺎ. ﺃﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻨﺞ ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻴﻒ ،ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣـﻦ
ﻳﺼﺤﺒﻪ ﰲ ﺳﻔﺮﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊﻠﻘﻮﻡ ،ﻫﺎﻫﻮ ﺫﺍ ﻳﺼـﺤﺒﻪ ﺍﳊـﺎﻣﺾ
-ﺃﺷﻮ ﻏﺪﺍﻙ ..؟
ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺣﺎﻣﺾ ﻋﺼﲑ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻥ ،ﰒ ﻫﺎﻫﻮ ﺫﺍ ﻳﺼـﺤﺒﻪ ﺫﺍﺋـﺐ
-ﻏﺪﺍﻱ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻏﻨﻮﺝ. ﺍﻟﺜﻮﻡ .ﰒ ﻫﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﰲ ﻗﺎﻓﻠﺔ ﺳﲑﻩ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﳊﻠﻘﻮﻡ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺬﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻮﻥ ﻭﻣﻔﺮﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ ،ﻭﻧﺴﻴﺖ
-ﻭﺍﷲ ﻃﻴﺐ ﻭﻣﻘﺒّۤﻞ ﻭﻣﻐﺬﻱ ﻭﺧﻔﻴﻒ. ﺃﻥ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ ﻭﻳﺼﺤﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﻴﻨﺔ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺮﻏﺐ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
-ﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺎ ﺧﲑ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺟﻨﺒـﻮ ..،ﺁﻩ..، ﻭﺍﻵﻥ ﲡﻬﺰ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻏﻨﻮﺟﻨﺎ ﻣﺴﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ ﻓﺘﻨﺔ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺱ
ﺑﺪﻭ ﲬﺴﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻠّﺖْ ﻣﻌﺒﺎﻳۤﻪ ﺑﺄﺭﻣﻨﺎﺯﻳّﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻏﲑﺍ ﻷﲰـﻊ ﻣـﻦ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ :ﺣﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺟﻨﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺽ ﲪـﺮﺍﺀ
ﺣﻨﺠﺮﺗﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻛﺮﻛﻌﺔ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺑﻼﺩﻱ. ﺳﻮﺩﺍﺀ ﻳﺴﻘﻴﻬﺎ ﺫﻭﺏ ﻋﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺣﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻢ ﺷﻢ ﺭﻭْﺡ
ﺍﻟﺜﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻴﺐ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻟﻮﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﻧﻒ ﺫﻟﻚ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﻓﺘّﻮﺡ :ﳜﻮّﻓﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺼـﻌﻮﺩ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﻟﺮﻫﻴﻒ ،ﻭﺣﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻊ ﺗﻨﻌﻢ ﺑﻘﺮﻗﺸﺔ ﺍﳉﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻌـﺮﺑﺶ
ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺢ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﲔ :ﲜﻴﻚ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻓﺘﻮﺡ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﻮﺡ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺢ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺻﺤﻦ ﺍﻷﺑﻮ ﻏﻨﻮﺝ ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﻳﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺪﻩ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﻓْﺮﻳﻮۤﺓ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺘﻨﺎ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ ،ﻷﻥ ﲢـﺖ ﻭﺻﺎﺡ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﳉﻮﺯ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﳉﻮﺯ ،ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺓ ﺷﻬﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ
ﻗﺸﺮﺗﻪ ﺯﻏﺒﺎً ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﻭﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻭ ،ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﰲ " ﺍﻟﻮﺳـﻴﻂ " ﺃﻧـﻪ ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﻣِﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﻳﺎﺟﻮﺯﻱ ﺃﻧﺎ ..ﺃﻧﺎ .ﻭﺗﻀﺮﺏ ﺑﻴﺪﻫﺎ
ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻄﻞ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺪﺭﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺣﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻤﺲ ﺗﻠﻤﺲ ﻭﺗﺪﻏﺪﻍ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻏﻨـﻮﺝ
ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻭﳛﻀﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺧﻦ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊﻠﻘﻮﻡ .ﻭﺣﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻭﻕ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺘﻨﺎ .
ﲡﻤﻊ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳍﻨﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﺷﻘﺔ ،ﻟﺘﺴـﲑ ـﺎ ﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﻓﺮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻭ ﻭﺑﻴّﻦ ﺍﳉﺮﻭ. ﻣﻮﻛﺐ ﻴﺞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊﻠﻘﻮﻡ ﺇﱃ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳊﻠﻘﻮﻡ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﺍﻟﺼﻮﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺣﺐ ﺷﺤﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻭﺏ ،ﻓﺘﻜﻤﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺍﳌﺰﺍﻳـﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﻄﺎﺱ . ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻓْﻄﺎٔﺱ: ﺷﺄﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺻﻮﰲ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﻻﻳﺪّﻋﻲ ﻭﻻﻳُـﺒﲔ ،ﻭﺃﻣـﺎ
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻗٔﺒﻘٔﺎﺑۤﺔ :ﻃﺒﻴﺐ ﻋﺸﱯ ﺑﺒﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﻧﻌﺮﻓﻪ ،ﻛـﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻬﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻭﺏ ﻓﺎﲰﻌﻬﺎ ﺗﺮﺳﻞ ﺍﳍﻨﻬﻮﻧـﺔ
ﺃَﺣﺪﺏ ﻗﺼﲑﺍً ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﻗﺒﻘﺎﺑﺎً ﺷﱪﺍۤﻭﻳﺎً ﻟﻴﺘﻼﰱ ﻗﺼﺮﻩ. ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻗٔﺤْﻒ :ﻛﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮٓﺭ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ،ﻟﻘّﺐ ﻭﻫﺎ ﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﳏّﺎ ﻫﺎ ﻫﺎ ﺻﺤﺘﲔ ﻭﺻﺤﻪ
ﺑﺮﺃﺳﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺾ.
ﻫﺎ ﻫﺎ ﻭﻛﻞ ﲰﺴﻤﻪ ﺑﻨﺤّﺎ ﻫﺎ ﻫﺎ ﻭﺟﻨﻴﻨﺔ ﲰﺴﻢ
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻗٔﺪّﻭﺭ :ﺩﺧﻞ ﺃَﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﺒﻴﺴـﺔ ﻭﺷـﺎﻑ ﻭﺗﺰﻏﺮﺩ ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﻲ ﺣﻲ ﺍﳊﻠﻘﻮﻡ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﱄ ﱄ ﱄ ﺵ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺳﺎۤﻛﺘﲔ ﻭﻻ ﻃﺒﻞ ﻭﻻ ﺯﻣﺮ ﻭﻻ ﺩﺑﻜﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺃﷲ ﻳﺴـﺎﻭﺭ
ﻭﻻ ...ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﺃٕﺵ ﺑْﻜﻦ ﺳﺎۤﻛﺘﲔ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﻘﻼۤﻉ ﺃﺑـﻮ ﻗـﺪّﻭﺭ، ﺑﻘﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺣﺪﺙ ﺳﺎﻣﻌﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺃﱐ ﺧﺮﺟـﺖ ﻣـﻦ
ﻻٔﻃٔﻘّﺔ ﻭﻻ ﻭٔﻧّۤﺔ ،ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻘﻼﻋﻪ ﺧﺎﻝ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﺮّﺍﺑۤﺔ ﰒ ﺇﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ،ﻫﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻼ ﻣﻌﺪّﻱ ﻛﺎﻇﻢ ﺍﻟﻜـﻮﺍﻛﱯ
ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺃَﻧﺴﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻗﺪّﻭﺭ. ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﱯ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﻳﺔ ﺫﻛﺎﺀ ﻟﻮﻻ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺳﻜﲑ:
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ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻛَٕﻼّٔ :ﻣﻦ ﳎـﺎﻧﲔ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﶈـﺎﻣﻲ، AVOCAT ﺍﻷﺑﻮﻛﺎﺕ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ
ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ،ﺃَﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﺪﻭﻱ ،ﺳﺒﺐ ﺟﻨﻮﻧﻪ ﺃَﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ﺳﻠﺒﻪ ﻓﺮﺳﻪ، ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ ﺩﺭﺍﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺎﻛﲔ ﲞﻴﺰﺭﺍﻧﺔ ﰲ ﻳﺪﻩ ﺻـﺎﺋﺤﺎً:
ﺣﺠﺰ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻦ ،ﻭﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﻳﺮﻛﺐ ﺣﺼﺎﻧﺎً ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻳﻌـﺪﻭ ﺑـﻪ ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ "
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺷﺎﻫﺮ ﺳﻴﻔﻪ. ﺍﳌِﺪْﺭﻩ " ﻭﱂ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﺍﶈﺎﻣﻲ.
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻛٔﻠﻜٔﻞ :ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻗﻠﻘﻞ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺒﺞ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﻠّﻖ ﺻﺮﺕ ﻟﻠﻲ ﺃﺑﻮﻛﺎﺕ؟.
ﻋﲔ ﺗﺴﻘﻲ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﺎً ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺃَﻣﻼﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻭﻛّﻞ ﻋﺎﻣّﻲ ﺃﺑﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﺮﻭ
ﺍﻷﺑْﻮٔﻡ :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺃ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻳﻬﻮﺩ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣـﻦ ﻭﳚﻲ ﻟﻌﻨﺪﻭ ،ﻭﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﺷﺎﻓﻮ ،ﺷﺎﻑ ﺍﺑﻨﻮ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻡ :ﺍﻟﺴﻲﺀ. -ﻭﻳﻨﻮ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻛﺎﺕ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﻣﻠﻌﻮﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ. -ﻟﺴﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺟﺎ
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻣﻮٓﺯۤﺓ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺻﺎﺭْ ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹْ ﻷﺑﻮ -ﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﺃﺵ ﺑﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻮ
ﻣﻮﺯﺓ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ،ﻭﺃَﺻﻠﻪ ﺃَﻥ " ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻣﻮﺯﺓ " ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻉ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ١٩ﻣﻦ ﺣﻲ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭﻗﺔ ﺗﺼﺪّﻯ ﳌﺼﺎﺭﻋﺘﻪ ﺧﺼﻢ ﻋﻨﻴﺪ -ﺍﺑﻨﻮ
ﻟﺒﻨﺎﱐ ﻭﺻﺮﻋﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻣﻮﺯﺓ ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﺃَﺷﻴﺎﻋﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺻـﺎﺹ ﻛـﺜﲑﺍً
-ﺃﻫﻼ ﻭﺳﻬﻼ ﺑﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻓﻨﺪﻱ.
ﺍﺑﺘﻬﺎﺟﺎً ،ﺇﺫﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﰲ ﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ ﺍﻻﺑﺘـﻬﺎﺝ،
ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ. ﺃﺑﻮ ﻛﺎﺗْﺮﻳﻨﺎ :ﻣﻀﺮﺏ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺴـﻞ،
ﻭﻳﺮﻭﻭﻥ ﻋﻨﻪ:
ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺑﻞ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﻢ " ﺻﺎﺭ ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﺻـﺎﺹ
ﻷﺑﻮ ﻣﻮﺯﺓ " " :ﺻﺎﺭ ...ﻷﺑﻮ ﻣﻮﺯﺭ " ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺑﻌـﺪ ﻣـﺎ -ً ١ﻭﻛۤﻒ ﺳﻘﻒ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ﻭﻣﻨﻠﻠﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﻌﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﻣﻮﺯﺭ ﺑﻄﻞ ﺷـﺄﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴـﺔ ﻓﺮﺷﺘﻮ؟
ﻏﲑﻩ.
-ً ٢ﺗﻌﻮّﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻁ ﺗﺎﻛﻞ ﻟﻮ ﺃﻛﻠﻮ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺶ ﳚﻌۤﺰ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻣﻮﺯﺭ . ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻻ :ﺑﺴﺖ؟
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ :ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳌﻮﺯ ،ﺗﺴﺘﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﺣﻠﺐ. -ً ٣ﺷﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫﻠﻮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ :ﺍٕﻧّﻮ ﳛﻄّﻮﻩ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻧﺔ
ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻤﻲ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺎﺯ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟـﻮﺭﻕ ﺑﻘﱪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﺩﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺑۤﻖ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻧﺎﺩﻯ ﺻـﻮﺕ :ﻳـﺎ
ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻆ ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ. ﺍﻣﻮﺍﺕ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻣﻮﺍﺕ! ﺧﺮۤﺏ ﺣﻴﻂ ﲜﻬﻨﻢ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗﻌﻤﺮﻭﻩ ،ﻃﻠـﻊ
ﺻﻮﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻘﱪ ﺍﳉﻨﺐ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻛﺎﺗﺮﻳﻨﺎ :ﻛﻠّﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﲣّﻴۤﻨﺎ ﻭﺑﻠﻴﻨـﺎ ﺑﻘـﻰ
ﺃَﺑﻮ ﻧَﻮّﺍﺱ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ " ﺃﺑﻮ ﻧُﻮﺍﺱ " ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﺸـﺪﻳﺪ، ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻛﺎﺗﺮﻳﻨﺎ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﳌﺎ ﲰﻊ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻛﺎﺗﺮﻳﻨﺎ ﻫـﺎﻟﻜﻼﻡ
ﻭﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻀﺤﻜﺎً ﻛﺠﺤﺎ. ﻓﺰّ ﻫﺎﳌﺮّﺓ ﻓﺰّﺓ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﻭﺇﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳍﻮﺍ ﺗﻔﺘۤﻞ.
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ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ٤٢ﺹ . ٣١٨ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻓﺮﻭﺓ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻧَﻮّﺍﺱ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ ﺃَﻧـﻪ
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻤﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺹ . ٤٣٧ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ،ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ.
ﺍﻷﺑﻮﻳّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺑﻮﻳّﺔ :ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻨّﻮٓﻡ :ﻳﻜﻨّﻮﻥ ﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻧﺒﺖ ﺍﳋﺸﺨﺎﺵ ،ﻷﻢ
ﺍﻷﺏ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻟﺘﻨﻮﱘ ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﻭﻳﺒﺎﻉ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻮ
ﺿﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻷﺑﻮﻳۤﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺏ ﻭﺍﻷﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻠﻴﺐ.
ﺃﺑﻮ ﻧﻴﻨﻮٓ] :ﻳﻨﺘﺪّﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻵﺧـﺮ- :
ﺍﻷﰊّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﰊّ :ﺍﳌﺘﺮﻓﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﺎﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ: ﺑﺴﻠّﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ
ﺍﻷﺑﻴّﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﺎ.
-ﻣﻨﻮ ؟
ﺍﻷﺑْﻴَﺦ :ﺑﻨﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻗـﻮﳍﻢ ﺑﺎﺧـﺖ
ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻠﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. -ﺃﺑﻮ ﻧﻴﻨﻮ
ﺍﻷﺑْﻴٔﺾ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ. ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﻧﻴﻨﻮ ﺯﳌﺔ ﻣﺎﳌﺸﺎﺭﻗﺔ ﻓﻘﲑ ﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺴﺘﻨﺎ ﻳﻮﻡ
ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ.
ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒٔﻴﻀﺎ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑِـﻴﺾ
ﻭﺑﻴﻀﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺃﺑﻴﻀﺎﱐ. ﺍﻟٕﺄﺑﻮّۤﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺑﻮّﺓ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﺑَﻮﺗﻪ :ﺻﺮﺕ
ﻟﻪ ﺍﺑﺎً.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﺍ .
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺃﺑّﻮﺕ.
ﻭﻳﺼﻴﻐﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﺑـﻴﺾ ﻣـﻦ
ﻫﺪﺍﻙ ﲞﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﲰﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳍﺪَﻯ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﺩﻱ ،ﺃَﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ
ﺧﺎﻥ ﺷﻴﺨﻮﻥ ،ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﲝﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻭﱄ ﻧﻘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻷﺷـﺮﺍﻑ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﰒ
ﻭﻳﺼﻴﻐﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ] ،ﰲ ﺃَﻣﺜـﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﻕ
ﺍﺗﺼﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ،ﻓﻘﺮﺃ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳌﻀﺎﺀ
ﻣﺎﺃﺑﻴﻀﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺱ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﺳﻮﺩﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺱ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﲑ ،ﻓﻘﻠﺪﻩ ﻣﺸﻴﺨﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺇﻣﺎﻡ ﻗﺼﺮﻩ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﰲ
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﲰﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ :ﻟَـﺒَﻦ ﺃﻱ: ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻪ ﺛﻼﺛﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﺧﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﻲ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳍـﺪﻯ ﺇﱃ
ﺑﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ،ﺃَﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻓﺴﻤﻮﺍ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﺟﺎﺝ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺀ ﰲ ﺭﻳﻨﻜﻴﺒﻮ ،ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣـﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٣٢٨ﻭﻧﻘـﻞ
ﻭﻏﲑﻩ. ﺭﻓﺎﺗﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺩﻓﻦ ﰲ ﻗﺼـﺮﻩ ﰲ ﺑـﺎﺏ
ﺍﻷﲪﺮ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺑﻴـﺎﺽ
)ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺑٔﻴٔﺎﻅ( ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﳎ ﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ ﺱ ٢٣ﺹ. ٣٨١
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ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﺑﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﺮﺏ ﺯﻣﻴﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺡ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻪ: ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺾ ﻟﻠﺜﺎﱐ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻮّﺍﻝ ،ﲰّﻮﻫـﺎ
ﻛﻌﺒﻮ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﻘﺒﻪ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﺑﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﺔ(. ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻷﺎ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﻓﻀﻴﻠﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻧﺎﻓﻠﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻼﻋﺒﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺷـﻴﺶ :ﺃﺑـﻮ ﻭﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺍﺑـﻴﺾّ
ﺍﳌﻘﻌﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎ. ﻭﺑﻴﱠﺾ ،ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺟﺎﺭﺎ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﺖ :ﺍﺑﻴﺾّ ﺷﻌﺮﻭ ﻣﺎﳍﻢّ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻝ[ :ﻓـﻼﻥ ﺭﺍﻳﺘـﻮ ﺑﻴﻀـﺎ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﻴّﺾ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً :ﺑﻴّﻀﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻳﻎ ﻋﻨـﺪ
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺷﻌﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺀ(. ﺍﳌﺒﻴّۤﺾ ،ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﻴﺪﻭ ﺃﺟﺎ ﻣﺎﳊﺞ ﻭﺑﻴّﻀﻮﺍ ﻟﻮ ﺍﳊﻴﻄـﺎﻥ .ﻛﺘـﺐ
ﻣﺴﻮﺩّﺓ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﺑﻴّﻀﺎ ﻭﻃﻠﻌﺖ ﺍﳌﺴﻮﺩﺓ ﺃﺻﺢّ ﻣﺎﳌﺒﻴﻀﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻬﺰﺝ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ :ﻋﺒـﺪﻭ ﻋَﺒﻴـﺪ
)ﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﻣْﺒﻴﻀﱠﺔ ﻷﺎ ﻻﺷﻄﻮﺏ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ( ،ﻭﻳﻬﺘﻔﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻼﺕ
ﺍﺳﻨﺎﻧﻮ ﺑِﻴﺾ ﺑٕﻘﺮٓﻁ ﻗﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻏﻴﺪ.
ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺷﺨﺺ :ﺑﻴّﺾ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺟﻬﻮ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺃﺧﺪﺕ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻻ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﻻ ﺃﲪﺮ ﺑﻴّۤﺾ ﺍﳌﻌﺪّ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻟﻖِ ﺩﺭﺍﳘـﻚ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌـﺪّ( -ﺍﻧﻈـﺮﻩ -
)ﺃﻭ ﻭﻻ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘـﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻀـﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺳـﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻓﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻝ :ﺑﻴّﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻝ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺍﻃﺮﺡ ﻧﻘﻮﺩﺍً ﻓﻮﻕ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ
ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺒﻴﺔ( ،ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺡ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ )ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻳﺬﺑﺢ ﻭﳚﺮﺡ(. ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺩﻉ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ( ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺷـﻲ ﺑﺒـﻴّﺾ
ﺍﻟﻮﭺ )ﺿﺪﻩ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺑﺴﻮّﺩ ،( ...ﻭﺗﺪﻋﻮ ﻟﻠﻔﺘـﺎﺓ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﺒـﻴﺾ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺧﱯ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ ﺍﻷﺑـﻴﺾ ﻟﻠﻴـﻮﻡ ﲞﺘۤﻚ )ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﺣﻠﻰ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﻤﻌﻬﺎ(.
ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲡﻮﺯ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﺽ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ ﺍﻷﺑـﻴﺾ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﺴﻮﱠﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎۤﺏ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺴﺠﻞ ﰲ ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ(.
ﺑﻨﺨﺎﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ ،ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻱ
ﺍﳌﻐﺒّﺮ :ﻫﺪﻭﱃ ﻻﺗﻘﺮﺑٓﻦ )ﻷﻥ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺑـﻴﺾ ﻻﻃﻌـﻢ ﻟـﻪ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﺽ ) ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻ ﺩﻳﻦ
ﻭﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﺭﻓّﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﻐﺒّﺮ ﻳﻌﲏ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﻼﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ(.
ﺑﻄّﺎﺷﺎ(.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﺘﺢ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻱ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺑﻴـﺎﺽ .ﺃﻭ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﻠﺐ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﻛﻠـﺐ ﺃﺳـﻮﺩ ﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﭼﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﺽ.
ﻭﺗﻨﻴﻨﺎﺗﻦ ﻛﻠﺐ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﻠﺐ ،ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﺭﻭﺭﻭﺍﱐ ﻣﺎﺿﻞّ ﻣﻨْﺸـﺢْ ﺇﻻّ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻭﺗَﻨﺎﻩ ﺃﺑـﻴﺾ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ
ﺣّﻮﺍﱐ )ﺭﻭﺭﻭﺍﱐ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ( .ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﻜﻲ
ﻣﻈﻬﺮﻩ ﺳﻲﺀ ﻭﻣﻐﺒﺘّﻪ ﺣﺴﻨﺔ(.
ﺑﻮﭺ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ؟ ﻟَﺒّۤﺲ ﺍﻷﲰﺮ ﺃﲪﺮ ﻭﺍﺿـﺤﺎﻙ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ،ﻭﻟـﺒّﺲ
ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻭﺗﻔﺮﺝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﳉﻮﺯ ﺍﻷﺧﻀـﺮ:
ﻗﻠﺒﻚ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻳﺎﻗﻠﻴﺐ ﺍﳉﻮﺯ ،ﻳﺎﺳﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﺿـﻚ ﻳﺎﻗﻠﻴـﺐ
ﻣﻦ ﺃَﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ :ﺃﺑـﻴﺾ ﺣﺼـﺎﻭﻱ،
ﺍﳉﻮﺯ!
ﻣﻮﺻﻠﻠﻲ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ،ﻫﻨﺪﻱ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ،ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﲝﺒﺎﻳﻚ.
ﻭﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺷﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻕ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺳﻮﻥ :ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ
ﺃﺑﻴﺾ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺪﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺰﺝ ﺑﺎﳌـﺎﺀ
ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ(.
- ٥١ -
ﺃَﺑِﲔ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴـﺔ :ﺍۤﺑﻨۤـﺎ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﰲ ﻣﻘﻌﺪﻭ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﻀﺎ )ﺃﻱ :ﺷﺆﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ
ﻛﻮﻣﺔ ﺣﺠﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺸـﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﻮﺥ(.
.١٨٣
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﺃﺭﻓـﻊ ﻣـﺎﳋﻴﻂ،
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺃَﺑّـﺎٓ :ﺍﻷﻏﺼـﺎﻥ ﺣْﻠﻴۤﺐ ﻳﺎﺗﻴﺲ ﺍﻓﻬﺎﻡ ﻳﺎﲪﺎﺭ) ،ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺐ(.
ﻭﺍﻷﲦﺎﺭ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ :ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ .٦٢
]ﻣﻦ ﻏﻨﺎﺋﻬﻢ[:
ﺍﳌﺴﻜﻦ APPARTEMENT ﺃٔﭘﺎٔﺭْﲤﺎٔﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺫﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺸِﻘّﺔ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋْﻤﻴﱢﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﺎﻡ
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ ﺃﻥ " ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺡ " ﺃﻧﺴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻀﺎ ﻭﲪﺮﺍ ﻳﺎﺳﻼﻡ !
ﺍﻟﺸﻘّﺔ. ﺃَﺑْﻴٔﺾ ﺑْﺤﺒﺎﻳۤﻚ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﺃۤﺑﻮٓﻟﻴۤﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :ÉPAULETTE :ﻣﺎﻳﻀـﻌﻪ ﺃَﺑْﻴٔﺾ ﺣٔﺼٔﺎﻭِﻱ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺘﻔﻴﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺒﻴﺔ ﺗﺘﺪﻟّﻰ.
ﺃَﺑْﻴﺾ ﺩَﻧَﺐ :ﻧـﻮﻉ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳊﻤـﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻳﺴـﻤﻰ:
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ " :ﺍﳌَﻨْﻜِﺒﻴّﺔ ". ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﺎﻃﻲ.
ﺍﺕ :ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﺗﺬﻳﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﻸﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﲨﻌﺎً ﻣﺆﻧﺜـًﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻂ :ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲝﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ
ﺳﺎﳌﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﺤﻰ ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﰲ ﻭﲝﺮ ﻃﻨﺠﺔ ﻭﲝﺮ ﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ ﻭﲝﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻤﻴﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ " ﺍٓﺕ " ﺃَﻋﲏ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻭﺍﻭﺍً ﺑﲔ ﺑﲔ ،ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠـﺔ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﲰﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻷﺧﻀـﺮ ،ﻭﺍﲰـﻪ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﰊ:
ﻋﺮﺏ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻳﻘﻞّ ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺴﲑ ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺻﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﲨـﻊ .MÉDITERRANÉE
ﻣﺎﻻ ﻳﻌﻘﻞ ﲨﻌﺎً ﻣﺆﻧﺜﺎً ﺳﺎﳌﺎً ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺐ :ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻤﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺹ .٦٦
ﺃَﺗَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺗَﻰ ﺃﺗْﻴﺎً ﻭﺇﺗﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﻭ :...ﺟﺎﺀ ،ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥَ:
ﺣﻀﺮﻩ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺃﻧﻔﺬﻩ ،ﺑﻠﻎ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﺃَﺗﻰ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺍﻟـﺪﻫﺮُ: ﺍٕﺑْﻴَﺾّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﻴﺾﱠ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ.
ﺃَﻫﻠﻜﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺠﻬﻴﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻮﻣﻦ ﺷـﻲ ﻗﻠﻴـﻞ ﺍﺑﻴﻀّـﻮﺍ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗﺎٓ :ﺃَﺗَـﻰ ،ﻭﺃَﺗِـﻲ :ﻭﺻـﻞ ،ﻭﰲ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻴﺒﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗَﺎ ﻭﺃَﺗَﻰ ﻭﺃﺗِـﻲ .ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻵﰐ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺍﺑﻴﺾّ ﺷﻌﺮﻭ ﺟٕﻠﻲ ﻛﻌـﺮﻭٓ.
ﻭﺍﻹﺗﻴٔﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺮ.
ﺃَﺗّﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒۤﺎﻳﺖ ﺑْـﺄَﺗﱢﻲ ﺍﳌـﺮﺽ،
ﺃﺑﻴﻘﻮﺭِﻱ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﲟﻌـﲎ :ﻣﺬﻫﺒـﻪ
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺗّﻰ :ﺳَﻬّﻞ.
ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺃﺑﻴﻘﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﺴﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﱐ :ﻳﻨﺎﻝ ﳏﻔـﻞ ﺍﳊﻜﻤـﺎﺀ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳊﻴﺎ ﺑْﺎَﺗﱢﻲ ﺍﳋﻨﺎ. ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﺍﳌﻠﺬﺍﺕ ،ﻭﻻ ﺳـﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﺣﻴـﺔ
ﻛﺎﻟﺼﺪﺍﻗﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﳌﺎ ﺑٕﻘﺮﺍ ﺑﻔﻚ ﻓَـﻚّ ﺑـﺄﺗﱢﻲ
ﺍﳊَﻚّ. ﺃَﺑْﻴَﻦ :ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻇﻬﺮ.
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ﺍﺗّﺎﻭٔﺏ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺘﺎﻭﺏ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺜﺎﺀﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻓـﺘﺢ ﺃﺗﺎﺑَﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻣﲑ ،ﺃﻛﱪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻋـﻦ
ﻓﻤﻪ ﺑﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﺎﺱ ،ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﻭﺑﺔ. ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻳﺔ :ﺃَﺑﻮ ﺍﻷﻣﲑ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺎﺅﺏ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺃُﻃﻠﻖ ﺃَﺧﲑﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﺑّﻲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺀ ،ﰒ ﺃُﻃﻠـﻖ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻟﻴﺪﺧﻞ ﺟﺴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺘﺜﺎﺋـﺐ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺃَﻥ ﻣﺪﺑّﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻘﺐ ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻱ ﻛﺒﲑ ،ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﺘﺒـﻪ:
ﻳﺴﺪّ ﻟﻪ ﺍﺮﻯ ﻭﺃَﻥ ﻳﺴﺪﻩّ ﺑﻘﻔﺎ ﻳﺴﺮﺍﻩ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲎ ﻻﳝﺲ ـﺎ ﺃَﻃﺎﺑﻚ.
ﺇﻻّ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ ،ﰒ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃَﻥ ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺪّ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ :ﺃَﻋﻮﺫ ﺑـﺎﷲ ﻣـﻦ
ﺃَﺗﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺗﺖ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃَﺛﺎﺙ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺘﺎﻋﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ) ،ﻭﺃﻣﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺍﻟﺮﺟﲔ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺁﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﺜﺎﺅﺏ ﺻـﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ ﻗـﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﺗّﺖ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻮﻑ ﻋﻴﺐ. ﺃَﺗﺎﺡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺗﺎﺡ ﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺗﻴﺸﻮﻓﻮ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻨﺪﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺻـﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﺜﺎﺋـﺐ ﻟـﻪ: ﺃﺗﺎﺡ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔَ :ﻫﻴّﺄﻫﺎ ﻟﻪ .ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ.
ﻻﺗﺴﻜﱢﺮ ﻻﺗﺴﻜﱢﺮ ،ﻓﻴﺴﺄﻝ :ﻟﻴﺶ ؟ ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺒﻪ :ﳏﺼﻮﺭ ﻣﺎۤﻛﻦ. ﺍٕﺗّﺎﺧٔﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻐﻠۤﺔ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺘﺎﺧﺪ ﺑـﺎﳍﻮﻳّۤﻦ:
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃُﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺗّﺎﺧﺪ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃُﺧِﺬ ،ﰒ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌـﺎﱐ
ﺃَﺗْﺒَﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺗﺒﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺘﺒﻌﻪ ،ﺃﳊﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺷﻚّ ﺑﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺗﺒﺎٔﻉ.
ﺃَﺗﺎﺭۤﺏ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﻏﺮﰊ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴـﺔ،
ﺍﺗّﺒَﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗّﺒﻌﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻠﺒﺎً ﻟﻪ ،ﻣﺸﻰ ﺧﻠﻔـﻪ، ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺃﺛﺎﺭﺏ ،ﻇﻬﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ﻣﺪﻳﻨـﺔ ﰲ
ﻣﻀﻰ ﻣﻌﻪ ،ﺍﻧﻘﺎﺩ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ. ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﺘﺎﺭﰊ ،ﻭﲰﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ
ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ LIRABON :١٨ﻭﲰﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ.LITABORA :
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗّﺒﺎٔﻉ.
ﺍٕﺗّﺎﻛَﻞ :ﺃَﻭ ﺗﺘﺎﻛـﻞ :ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ ﺍﺋﺘﻜـﻞ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ
ﺍٕﺗْﺒَﻠْﻜﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺗﺒﻠﻜﻢ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻮ ﺍﳌﺴﻜﲔ ﻭﻣﺎﺑﻘﻰ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺑﻌﻀُﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃُﻛﻞ.
ﻳﻘﺪﺭ ﳚﺎﻭﺏ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺒَﻜﱠﻢَ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃُﺭْﺗـﺞِ،
ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃَﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﳏﻠﻬﺎ :ﺍﺗﺒﻠﺠﻢ. ]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﻴّﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻴﻮﺍﺕ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﺷﻮﻱ
ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﺗّﺎﻛﻠﺖ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻘّﻮﺍ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺷﻲ.
ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﻠﺪَﻡَ :ﺧُﻮﱢﻑ ﻓﺴﻜﺖ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻣﻲ ﺃَﻛﻼ ﺑﺘﺘّﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﺻﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﻣﻌﻮ.
ﺃَﺗَﺖ :ﻭﺃﺗﺎﺕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺗﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗّﺎﻛﻞ ﺯﺍﺩَﻙ ﺭﺣّۤﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺃَﺗّﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺗّﺖ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺛّﺚ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﺃﺛّﺚ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖَ :ﻓﺮﺷﻪ ﺑﺎﻷﺛﺎﺙ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺃَﻋـﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻮﺭ ﳊﻤـﺎ ﻣﺎﺑﺘّﺎﻛـﻞ،
ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺷﻪ ﺑﺎﻷﺛﺎﺙ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ :ﺃَﰎ ﻛﻞ ﻧﻮﺍﻗﺼـﻪ، ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ -ﻭﻟﻮ ﻧﺼﺢ -ﳊﻤﻮ ﻣﺎﺑﺘّﺎﻛﻞ.
ﺟﻬﺰ ﻟﻪ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﺰﻡ ،ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗﺄﺗﺖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ. ﺍٕﺗّﺠﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗّﺠﻪ ﳓﻮ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺍﲣﺬﻩ ﻭِﺟﻬﺘَـﻪ
ﻭﻗﺼﺪﻩ ﻭﺇﻗﺒﺎﻟﻪ ،ﻟﻪ ﺭﺃﻱ :ﺳَﻨَﺢ ،ﻋﺮﺽ.
ﻭﺗﻠﻄﻴﻔﻬﺎ :ﺃَﺗّﻮﺭﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍٕﺗّﺤﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗّﺤﺪﻭﺍ :ﺻـﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﻛﺎﻟﺸـﻲﺀ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺗْـﺮﺍٓ :ﺍﳌﻜـﺎﻥ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻـﺔ ،ﻭﰲ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺗﺮَﺍ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﲢـﺎﺩ ،ﻭﻣـﻦ ﲨﻌﻴـﺎﻢ
ﻭﺃﺧﻄﺄ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ ﺇﺫ ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ " ﺍﳌﱳ " ﰲ
ﺍﳌﺎﺳﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺴﻠﻤﺖ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ ﲨﻌﻴﺔ
" ﺍﻟﻘُﻄﺮﺓ " :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﲑﺍﳋﺴﻴﺲ ،ﻭﻋﺎﻣﺘﻨﺎ ﺗﻘـﻮﻝ " :ﻭﻣـﺎ
ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺇﲢﺎﺩ ﻭﺗﺮﻗﱢﻲ.
ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﻗﺘﺮﺓ " ﺃﻱ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﺗﺎﻓﻬﺎً ،ﻭﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻲ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﲢﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤّـﺎﻝ ،ﺍﲢـﺎﺩ
ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ -ﺩﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ ،ﺍﻻﲢﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ ،ﺍﻻﲢـﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﻛـﻲ ﻭﺍﻻﲢـﺎﺩ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ " ﺍﻷﺛﺮ " ،ﰒ ﺇﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻲ ﺃَﻳﻀﺎً :ﻋﻄﺎﱐ
ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻱ ،ﺍﻻﲢﺎﺩﻳﺔ...
ﺃﺗﺮﺓ ﺇﺩﺍﻣﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺗﻮﺭﺓ ﺧﺒﺰﺓ.
ﺃﺗْﺤَﻒ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﲢﻔﻪ :ﺑَﺮﱠﻩ ﺑﺘُﺤﻔﺔ ،ﻭﻳﻐﻠـﺐ ﺍﻥ
ﺍٕﺗّﺰَﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗّـﺰﻥ :ﺳـﺎﻭَﻯ ﰲ ﺍﻟـﻮﺯﻥ،
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﲢﻔﻮٓ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲢﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻣﺘﺤﻒ.
ﺍﻋﺘﺪﻝ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﲢٔﺎﻑ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓـﻼﻥ ﺣﻜﻴـﻮ -ﻭﺍﷲ ،ﻟـﻴﺶ
ﺍﻟﻜﺪﺏ -ﻣٕﺘّﺰۤﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﻫﺮ. ﺍٕﺗّﺨﺬ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﲣﺬ :ﺟﻌﻞ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗّﺰٔﺍﻥ. ﺃَﺗﺮٔ :ﺃَﻭ ﺃَﺛﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺧﺴﻠﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺒﺎﺯ ﻭﻣﺎﺑﻘﻲ ﺃﺗﺮ
ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ،
ﺍٕﺗّﺴَﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗّﺴﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺎً ﻏﲑ
ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺗﺎﺭ ﻭﺁﺛﺎﺭ.
ﺿﻴّﻖ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭُ :ﺍﻣﺘﺪّ ﻭﻃﺎﻝ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺧﺴﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻌﺔ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﻻ ﺃَﺗَﺮ ،ﺗَﻤّﻮ
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗّﺴﺎٔﻉ.
ﻳﻠﺤﻘﻮ ﺃﺗﺮ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﺣﱴ ﻛﻤﺸﻮّﻥ ،ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻲ ﻟﻮ ﺃَﺗَـﺮ ،ﻭﻳﻘـﻮﻝ
ﺍٔﺗٔﺸْﻠۤﻚ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍٔﻃٔﺸﻠﻚ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻤـﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﺮ ﺃَﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﺠﻢ :ﺟﻴﱯ ﱄ ﺷﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺗﺮ ﺟﻮﺯﻙ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺗـﺮ
ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎﺀ ﻳﻮﺿﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ " ﺁٔﺗٔﺶ " :ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ،ﻭ ﺿﺮﺗﻚ ﻷﺳﺤﺮﻭ.
"ﻟﻚ" ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻧﻜﺮ ﺍﳊﻨّۤﺔ ﻭﺃﺗﺮﺍ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﻋٔﻄٔﺸْﻠۤﻚ.
ﺇۤﺗۤﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺻـﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻄـﱯ :ETHERﺍﳌـﺎﺩﺓ
ﺍٕﺗّﺼٔﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﺃﻣﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺨﺮ ،ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﺸﻮﻗﺎً ﻣﻨﺸـﻄﺎً،
ﻭﺻﻔﻪ ﺑﻪ. ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ :ﺭﻭﺡ ﻟﻘﻤﺎﻥ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ: ﺃَﺗْﺮٔﺓ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨّﺎﱐ ﺃﺗﺮٔﺓ ،ﻭﺷـﺤّﺪﱐ ﺃَﺗْـﺮۤﺓ
ﺍﺗّﺼٔﺎﻑ. ﻣﻠﺢ ،ﻭﺯﻋﻼﻥ ﻣﻨّﻚ ﺃﺗْﺮٔﺓ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷُﺛﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻴّـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﰒ ﺯﻳﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ.
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ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﺗﻔٔـﺎﻕ ﺍٕﺗّﺼٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗّﺼﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﻟﺘـﺄﻡ ﺑـﻪ،
ﻭﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ. ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻊ ،ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ :ﺍﻧﺘﺴﺐ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻤﻰ ،ﺑﻔﻼﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺧﺪﻣﺘﻪ،
ﺑﻪ ﺍﳋﱪُ :ﻋﻠﻤﻪ ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺑﻠﻎ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ.
ﻭﻳﺴﻮﺩ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ﻛﻼﻡ ﲨﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﻐـﺎﱐ:
ﺃَﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﺍﺗﻔﻘﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃَﻻّ ﻳﺘّﻔﻘﻮﺍ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗﻔﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﺗﻨﲔ ﻻﺑﺪّ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣـﻨّٓﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺗّﺼﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺯﻳﺮ.
ﻏﻠﺒﺎﻥ.
ﺍٕﺗّﻀٔﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗﻀﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻇﻬﺮ ،ﺑﺎﻥ ،ﰊ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﻠﺒﲔ ﻋﻤﺮٓﻥ ﻣـﺎﺑﺘّﻔﻘﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺧﱪُ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﻋﻠﻤﺘﻪ.
ﻋﻀﻤۤﺔ.
ﺍٕﺗﻄﺎﻗٔﺶ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻄﺎﻗﺶ.
ﺍٕﺗّﻘٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗّﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺣﺬﺭﻩ ،ﲡﻨﺒـﻪ،
ﺍﺗّﻘﻰ :ﻟﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻯ. ﺃﺗْﻌٔﺐ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺘﻌﺐ ،ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃَﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﺍ:
ﺗَﻌّﺐ.
ﻭﻳﺮﺩﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ :ﺍﺗّﻖِ ﺷﺮّ ﻣﻦ ﺃَﺣﺴﻨﺖَ
ﺇﻟﻴﻪ. ﺍٕﺗّﻌْﺘَﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﻮّﻩ ﻣﺎۤﺷﻲ ﺍﳌﺴـﻜﲔ ﺍٕﻋْﺘـﺮ
ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺎﺩﻭﺱ ﻭﻭﻗﻊ ،ﺃﻭ :ﺍٕﺗْﻌﺘﻮٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺗّﻔﻌـﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﺜـﺮ
ﺃَﺗْﻘٔﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺗﻘﻦَ ﻋﻤﻠَﻪ :ﺃَﺣﻜﻤﻪ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺇﺗﻘٔﺎﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻘﺮﻭ ﺃﻭ ﻣـﻦ ﺧﺠﻠـﻮ
ﲟﺸﻲ ﻭﺑﺘّﻌﺘﺮ ﲝﺎﻟﻮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻌﺘﻮﺭ.
ﺃَﺗَﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺎﺱ ﺃﺗﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ﻭﺗﻜﺘّﻒ ﻗﺪﺍﻣﻮ،
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺫﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ. ﺃَﺗْﻌٔﺲ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺗﻌﺴﻪ ﺍﷲ :ﺃَﺷﻘﺎﻩ ،ﺃَﻫﻠﻜﻪ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﺫﻳـﻞ ﺛـﻮﺏ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍٕﻥ ﺃَﺳﻌﺪﻙ ﺃﲰـﺎﻙ ﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﺗﻌﺴـﻚ
ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ،ﺃﻭ ﻳﻠﻤﺲ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻞ ﰒ ﻳﺒﻮﺱ ﻳﺪﻩ. ﺃَﺭﻣﺎﻙ.
ﺍٕﺗّﻜﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗﻜﺄ -ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ :-ﻣﺎﻝ ﺃَﺗْﻌﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺲ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷِﻖ ﰲ ﺟﻠﻮﺳﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺍً.ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻜﻰ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍٕﺗّﻌٔﻆ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗّﻌﻆ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻭﻋﻆ.
ﺍٕﺗّﻜﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗﻜﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪ ،ﻭﻭﺛﻖ ﺑﻪ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺴﻠﻢ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗﻌٔﺎﻅ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﺗّﻜﺎﻝ. ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴّۤﺔ :ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺗّﻔﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻣﻊ:
ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍٕﻧﺘۤـﻪ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﺍﳌﻨﺼۤـﺐ ﻭﺍٕﺗّﻜۤـﻞ
ﻋﺎﻟﻌﻮﺍﻧﻴّۤﺔ ،ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺍﺗّﻜﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ) ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮـﺎ ﰲ ﺍﺗّﻔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺗﻔﻖ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻘـﺎ،
ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ(. ﻭﺍﺗّﻔﻖ ﺃﻥ ﺣﺪﺙ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺻﺎﺩﻑ.
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ﺇﺗْﻴﺎۤﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺃَﲰﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ ﺃﺗْﻠﺞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺗﻠﺠۤﺖ ﻭﺑﻜﺮﺍ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﺗﺘﻠٓﺞ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ،
ETIENNEﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :STEPHANOSﺍﳌﺘﻮﱠﺝ. ﺃﻱ :ﺳﺤﺐ ﺍﳉﻮّ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻄﺮﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺃَﺛﻠﺠـﺖ
ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ :ﻧﺰﻝ ﺛﻠﺠﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻷﺗْﻴَﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺲ ،ﻭﻫـﻮ
ﺍﺳﻢ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻋﺪﻢ ﲡﻴﺰ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﻥ ﺃﺗﻠﺠۤﺖ ﺃٔﻓﺮﺟٔﺖ.
ﺍﻷﺗﻴﺴﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺴـﻨۤﻪ - ﺃَﺗْﻠَﻒ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺗﻠﻒَ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭﱠ :ﺃَﻫﻠﻜﻪ ،ﺍﳌﺎﻝَ ﺃﻧﻔﻘـﻪ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺲ. ﺇﺳﺮﺍﻓﺎً.
ﺍﻷﺛﺎﺭﰊ :ﺃَﲪﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ ﺍﳊﻠـﱯ :ﻃﺒﻴـﺐ ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻡ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻤۤﺮ.
ﻭﻣﺆﺭﺥ ﻭﺃﺩﻳﺐ ﺻﻨﻒ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺕ " ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﻠـﺐ،
ﺃَﺗْﻬَﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻤﻪ :ﻇﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺀ ،ﺃَﺩﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ
ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٥٢٢ﻡ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻤﺔ ،ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﻤﻮ.
ﺍﺛّﺎﻗٔﻞ :ﺃَﻭ ﺗْﺜﺎﻗﻞ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺜّﺎﻗـﻞ ﻣﻨّـﻮ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺇٔﺎﻡ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﳚﺪﻩ ﺛﻘﻴﻼً ،ﻳﺴﺘﺜﻘﻠﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻘَﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﰒ ﺃَﺩﻏﻤﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﺜﺎﺀ ﻓﺼﺎﺭﺕ :ﺍﻓّﺎﻋﻞ. ﺍﺗّﻬﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﺗّﻬﻤﻪ :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃَﻤﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺜﺎﻗﻞ . ﺍﻷﺗّﻮﺭٔﺓ :ﺃَﻭ ﺃﺗّﻮﺭﺍ :ﺑﻨﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻮﻟـﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻄﻴـﻒ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻻﺗﺜّﺎﻗٔﻞ ﻳٔﺎ ،ﺣﺎﺟۤﺔ ﺃﺧﻮﻙ ﺍﳉﻠﻄﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ " ﺃﺗﺮﺍ " .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻋﻢ ﺑﺜّﺎﻗﻞ ،ﻭﺍٕﻧﺘﻪ ﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺪﻙ ﺗﺜّﺎﻗٔﻞ. ﺍﻷﺗﻮٔﻝ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻮﻝ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﺄﺛّﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻒ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺠﻬﻴﺎﻢ[ :ﳓﻨۤﻪ ﻣﺎﺧﻠۤﻖ ﻟﺴﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﻭ ﻳﺜّﺎﻗـﻞ
ﺃﻭﻟَﻰ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ.
ﺃَﺛﺮِﻱّ :ﻋﺎﱂ ﺃَﺛﺮﻱ ،ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﺛﺮﻱ :ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﻟﻶﺛـﺎﺭ ﺃَﺛْﺒَﺖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺛﺒﺖ ﺍﳊﺠّﺔ :ﺃَﻗﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﺃَﻭﺿـﺤﻬﺎ،
ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ. ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﺐُ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻮﺍﻥ :ﻛﺘﺒﻪ.
ﺃَﺛْﻤﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﲦﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ :ﺃَﺧﺮﺝ ﲦﺮﻩ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺇﺛﺒﺎﺕ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺃﲦﺮﺕ ﻭﺳﺎﻃﺔ ﻓﻼﻥ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺇﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ:
.ICPATI
ﺃَﺛْﻨَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺃَﺛْﻨَﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻗـﺎﻝ
ﻓﻴﻪ ﺧﲑﺍً. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ : ﺃَﺛّﺚ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﺗّﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺛّﺚ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ﺃَﻭ ﺃﺗﺘﻮ.
ﺃﺗﺖ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺛٔﻨﺎﺀ.
ﺃَﺛَﺮ :ﺃَﻭ ﺃﺗَﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺗﺮ.
ﺍﻷﺛْﻨﺎ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺄﺛﻨﺎ ﻣﺎﻋَﻤّﺎﻝ ﲝﻔﺮﻭﺍ ﻃﻠﻊ ﻣﻌﻦ
ﺧﺎﺑﻴۤﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺛﻨﺎﺀ -ﻭﻳﻘﺼﺮ :-ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺜِﻨْﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻴـﻞ: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺛَﺮ ﻭﺁﺛﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃَﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﺘَﺮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺑﻌﺪَ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒـﺎﺀ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻞ ﺯﻣـﻦ ،ﰒ ﻫـﻢ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ،ﺍﺗﺮﺍٓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻻﺗﺮﺍ.
ﻻﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺇﻻ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﰒ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺭ ﺃﻥ ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ ﰲ ﺃَﺛﻨﺎﺀ
ﻻ ﺑﺄﺛﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺃَﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺗﻨﻮﺏ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻋﻦ ﰲ .ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﺕ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺛَﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺃﺛﻨﺎ ﺳﻨﺪﻩ. ﺃَﺛَﺮ ﻗﺪﱘ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺛَﺮ :ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻻﺛْﻨَﻰ َﻋﺸَﺮِﻱ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺸﺮﳛﻲ :ﺃَﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ ﺱ ٧ﺹ : ٩ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﳏﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ . ٦٩
ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﺓ.
ﺃَﺛّﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺛﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ :ﺗﺮﻙ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﺛﺮﺍً.
ﺃَﺛْﻮٔﺏ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺏ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺛّﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻧﻘﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﳝﻨﻌﻮﻥ،
ﺍﻷﺛﲑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺛﲑ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﺗﲑ ﻋـﻦ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺳُﻤﻊ ﺃَﺛﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻻ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﰲ ﻣﻨﻌﻬﻢ ﻧﻈﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻌﺘـﱪ
ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ETHER :ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻄﻴﻔﺔ ﻻﺗﻘﻊ ﲢـﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺗﺘﺨﻠـﻞ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻛﺄﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻫﻴﻤﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺟﺎﺭ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ،
ﺍﻷﺟﺴﺎﻡ ،ﻳُﻌﻠّﻞ ﺎ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻨـﻮﺭ ،ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺳﺒﺐ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﻢ ﺃَﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻲ ﻓﻴـﻪ:
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ. INFLUERSURLUIﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺗْﺄَﺛّﺮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ٦٥ﺹ : ٤٦٩ﺍﻷﺛﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺪﱘ . ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺄﺛﱡﺮ ﻭﺗﺄﺛﱡﺮﺍﺕ.
ﺍٕﺟَﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺃَﺟﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺗﻰ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﳌﺎ ﲰﻌﺘﻮ ﻋﻢ ﲝﻜﻲ ﺃﺛّﺮﱐ ،ﺷـﻲ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺟـﺎﺀ :ﺍۤﺗـﺎٓ :ﻭﺻـﻞ، ﺑﺄﺛّۤﺮ ،ﺍٕﺵ ﺑﺄﺛّۤﺮ؟
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺍۤﺗﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﱪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺑﺎ :ﺟﺎﺀ .ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﲎ
ﺟﺎ ﺗﻮﺿﺤﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺠﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻓﻌـﺔ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠـﻪ
ﺗﻌﺎﻝ :ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ .ﻭﻳﻮﺿﺤﻪ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻢ ﻻﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﺃَﺻﻠﻬﺎ:
ﺗﻌﺎﻝ ﺟﺎﻱ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﺻﺎﻋﺪﺍً ﲟﺠﺪ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺮﻯ ﲝﻖ ﳓﻦ –
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]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎﲜﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﲔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﺐ. ﻭﰲ ﺍٕﺟﺎ ﺍﳌﺮﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﻏﺮﻳﺒﺘﺎﻥ:
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﲜﻴﺎ ﺧﻄﺎﺑﲔ ﻛﺘﲑ ﺃﻭ ﲜﻮّﺍ. ﺃﻭﻻﳘﺎ :ﺃﻧﻪ ﻧﻘﻠﺖ ﻻﻣﻪ ﺃﻱ :ﳘﺰﺗﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺻـﺪﺭﻩ،
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻓﻮﺯﻧﻪ ﻟﻔَﻊ ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﺇﻧﻪ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺗﻰ ﻭﺟﺎ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﰲ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺃﺟﺎ :ﺗﻌﺎ ،ﺃﻱ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺃﻣﺮ
ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲢﺬﻑ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ ﺍﻷﺧﲑﺓ :ﺣﻜﻰ ﺳﻴﺒﻮﻳﻪ :ﻫﻮ
ﳚﻴﻚ ﰲ ﳚﻴﺌﻚ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﺎﺩﺭﻭٓ ﻛﻠّﻮٓ ﻋﺒﻌﻀﻮ ﲜﻲ ﻋﻦ ﻃﻨﻌﺶ
ﺃﻟﻒ ﻟﲑﺓ. ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺘﻬﻤﺎ :ﺃﻥ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺻﺪﺭﻩ ﺃﻋﲏ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﺣﺮﻛـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺮﺩﺓ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﻳُﻔﺘﺢ ﺃَﻭﻟﻪ ﺇﻥ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﻛﺄﻛﻞ ﻭﻓﺘﺢ
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍٕﺟﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻛﺎﺩ ﺃَﻭ ﺩﺍﻧَـﻰ ﺃَﻭ ﻋـﺎﺩ َﻝ
ﻭﺩﻋﺎ ،ﺃَﻣﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﳚﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺃَﻭﻟـﻪ
ﻛﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺿﻴّﻊ ﻓﺮﻧﻚ ﺍٕﺟﺎ ﻟَﻴﺼﻔﺮۤﻥ ،ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻭ ﲜﻲ ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻟﲑﺓ،
ﺍﻟﺮﺩﺓ ﳓﻮ :ﺑٕﻜﻲ ﻋٕﻠۤﻢ ،ﺭٕﺿﻲ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺃَﻋﲏ :ﺍٕﺟﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻭﺯﻧـﻪ
ﻭﺃﻛﻞ ﲜﻲ ﺗۤﻼﺗﲔ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﺟﻪ ،ﺷﻮﻑ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﻣﺎﺃﻛﻮﺳﺎ ! ﻓﻄّﻮﻡ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓَﻌَﻞ ﺇﳕﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓَﻌَﻞ ﻛﻀﺮﺏ ﻭﻛﻮَﻯ .ﺃﻣﺎ ﳓﻮ ﻋٕﺮۤﻑ
ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﻷﺿﻔﺮﺍ.
ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﻔﺘﺤﻮﺍ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺑٕﺤﻜﻲ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺑﻮﺵ ﺍﳌﻜﻮﺯ
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍٕﺟﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﳉﻴّۤﺔ ،ﻭﲡﻤﻊ ﻻﺷﺘﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﺗﺘﺸﻘﺸﻖ ﺗﻴﺎﺑَﻚ.
ﺗﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰَ :ﺟﻴّﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻧـﺎ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺎ ﺭﺍﻳۤﻪ ﳚﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺍﻳﺢ ﳚﻲ. ﺟﻴﺖ ﳓﻨﻪ ﺟﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺟﻴﺖ ﺃﻧﱵ ﺟﻴﱵ ﺃﻧﺘﻮﺟﻴﺘﻮ ﻫﻮّۤ ﺍٕﺟﺎ ﻫٕﻴّۤـﻪ
ﺃٕﺟﺖ ﻫٕﻨّۤﻦ ﺍٕﺟﻮﺍ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺃﺟﺎ :ﺟﺎ.
ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑَﺠﻲ ﻧٕﺤﻨۤﻪ ﻣْﻨۤﺠﻲ
ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﰲ ﻫﺰﺟﻬﻢ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺳﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺩ: ﺍٕﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﺍٕﻧﱵ ﺑٕﺘﺠﻲ ﺍٕﻧﺘﻮﺍ ﺑْﺘٕﺠﻮﺍ ﻫٕﻮّۤﻩ ﺑٕﺠﻲ )ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﺠﻲ( ﻫٕﻴّۤـﻪ
ﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﻫٕﻨّۤﻦ ﺑٕﺠﻮﺍ )ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﺠﻮﺍ(.
ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺐ ﺩﺑﺪﺏ ﻭﺟﺎﱐ.
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﲣﺼﻴﺼﻪ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻝ ﺻـﺪّﺭﺗﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﺐ ﺭﺍﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻻﱐ.
ﺑـ " ﻋﻤّﺎﻝ " ﺃﻭ ﳐﺘﺼﺮﻫﺎ " ﻋﻢ ".
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﺪّﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﻱۤ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺟﺎﻟﻚ ﺣﻀّﺮ ﺭْﺟﺎﻟﻚ.
ﺃﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ .ﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﲜﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻢ ﲜﻲ ...
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﲪﺎﺓ :ﳛﻤﻞ ﺃَﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺘـﻒ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻋﺔ .
ﺁﺧﺮ ﻭﻳﺼﻴﺢ ﺍﶈﻤﻮﻝ :ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﻳﺎﻋﻈَﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻳـﺎﺕ
ﻳﺎﺭﺍﳛﲔ ﻳﺎﺟﺎﻳﲔ ﻟَﻤﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﺮﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎ ﺍْﻠﻴﺔ؟ ﺭﺍﻳﺔ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﲣﺼﻴﺼﻪ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺻﺪﺭﺗﻪ ﺑـ " ﺑﺪّ "
ﺧﲑ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺔ ﻭﺭﺍﻳﺔ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﲨﺎﻋﺘﻮ ﻭﺃﻫـﻞ ﺣـﺎﺭﺗﻮ ﺑـﻴّﺾ ﺍﷲ -ﺃﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ :-ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﺟﻲ ...ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟـﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻠـﺪ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻳـﻒ
)ﻓﲑﺩﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻭﺟﻬﻮ( ﰒ ﻳﺴﺘﻞ ﺳﻴﻔﻪ ﻭﻳﺸـﺪّ :ﺍﻥ ﺟـﺎﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ.
ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ ﺍﻓﺘﺢ ﻟﻮ ﺻﺪﻳﺮﻙ ،ﻭﺍﻥ ﺟﺎﻙ ﺍﳌـﻮﺕ ﻣـﻦ ﲨﻠـﺔ
ﺍﳌﺼﺎﻳﺐ.
ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺟﺎۤﻱ )ﺃﻭ ﺟﺎۤﻳﻪ( ﳓﻨﻪ ﺟﺎۤﻳﲔ ﺍٕﻧﺘـﻪ
ﺟﺎۤﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺟﺎۤﻳۤﻪ ﺍٕﻧﱵ ﺟﺎﻳٕﻪ ﺍٕﻧﺘﻮ ﺟﺎﻳۤﲔ )ﻟﻠﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ،ﻭﺍٕﻧﺘﻮ
ﺟﺎۤﻳﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﻣﻊ ﺍٕﻧﺘﻮ ﺟﺎﻳﲔ( ﻫﻮّﻩ ﺟَـﺎﻱ )ﺃﻭ ﺟـﺎۤﻱ ﺃﻭ
ﺟﺎﻳﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺟﺎۤﻳۤﻪ( ﻫﻴّۤﻪ ﺟَﺎﻳﻪ )ﺃﻭ ﺟﺎۤﻳﻪ( ﻫﻨّﻦ ﺟﺎۤﻳﲔ )ﻟﻠﻤـﺬﻛﺮ
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ﻭﻫﻨّۤﻦ ﺟﺎۤﻳﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﻣﻊ ﻫﻨّۤﻦ ﺟﺎۤﻳﺎﺕ(.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﺗﺄﷲ ﳚﻴﺒﺎ ،ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﲜﻲ ﻣﻦ ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﻧﺸﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﻢ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﺮﻭﺡ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻨﻄﺎﺭ ﻭﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﺘﻘﺎﻝ ،ﻻﲤﺸـﻲ
ﺳﺒﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﻌﺖّ ﻟﻠﻮ
ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺘﻤﺔ ﺑﺘﺠﻴﻚ ﻟﻄﻤﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺃﺟﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺡ ﻛﺄﻧﻮ ﻣﺎﺃﺟﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺭﺍﺡ،
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﲜﻴﻚ ﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ ﺳﻜﺮﺍ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﻳﺢ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸـﺒﺎﻙ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻻ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻣﺎﺟﺎ ﻣﻨّﻮ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ( ،ﺍﻟﺒﺠﻲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ﺑﺮﻭ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﻦ ،ﺍﻗﻌـﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺸـﻤﺲ
ﲜﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﻔﻲّ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪ ﳌﺎ ﲜﻲ ﺑﻜﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﳌﺎ ﲜﻲ ﺍﳍﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﺒّـﻲ ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﻢ[:
ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺧﻴﺶ ،ﻣﺎﲜﻲ ﻣﺎﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻏﲑ ﻭﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺱ.
ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﺳﺒّﺢ ﻭﻛﺒّﺮ ﳌﺎ ﺟﺎﻟﻴﻜﻲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳉﺎۤﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﺎﻟﺮﺍﳛﺎﺕ ،ﺭﺍﺣـﺖ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺎﺳﻬﻢ ...ﺃﻧﺎ ﺟﻲ ﻟﻚ .
ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮﺓ ﻭﺃﺟۤﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﺓ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﳒﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً( ،ﺃﺟـﺎﻙ
ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺮﻋﺪ ﺭﻋﺪ ،ﺃﺟﺎ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﻮ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻣﻦ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻼﺗﺎ ﺍﳉﺎﻳﲔ.
ﻫﻮ ﲝﺎﻟﻮ ،ﺃﺟﺎ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻮ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ ﻤـﻮ،
ﻭﻳﺼﻮﻏﻮﻥ ﲨﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻞ ﻛﺄﳕﺎ ﻫـﻢ ﰲ
ﺃﺟﺖ ﻛﻨّۤﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺷﺎﺖ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺁﲪﺎﻫﺎ ،ﻟﻮﻗـﺖ ﻣـﺎﳚﻲ
ﺭﻓﻌﺔ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺰَﻣﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺎﺩ،
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳﺎﻕ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﺒﻴﺐ ﺍﳍـﻮﻯ ﺑـﺎﻟﻔﺮﺍﻕ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺟـﺎ
ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺯﺗّﻮﻩ ﺃﺧﻮﺗﻮ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺐ ﻭﺃﺟﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﻼ ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ:
ﺍﳋﻄّﺎﻑ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮّﺍ ﻭﻻ ﲣﺎﻑ ،ﺍﳌﺎ ﲜﻲ ﻣﻌﻚ ﺗﻌﺎ ﻣﻌﻮ ،ﺍﳌﺎ ﲜﻲ
ﻳﺎﻧﺎﺭ ﻛﻮﱐ ﺑﺮﺩﺍً ﻭﺳﻼﻣﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ.
ﲢﺘﻚ ﺗﻌﺎ ﻓﻮﻗﻮ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﳌﻘﺼﻘﺺ ﺗﻴﺠﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺎﺭ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺃﷲ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺟﻴﺘﻚ ﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﷲ ،ﻟﻴﺠﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﱯ ﻣﻨﺼﻠّﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻨﱯ ،ﳌـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻔﺎﺕ ﳎﺎﻧﻴﻨﻬﻢ[ :ﻭﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻧﲔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻴـﻮﻡ
ﲜﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺕ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺨﺲّ :ﻣﻮﺕ ،ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺎﲜﻲ ﻏﺎﱄ ﳎﻨﻮﻥ ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﻛﻼﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻗﻤﻴﺺ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺮﻭﺍﻝ ﺃﻭ ...ﺻﻴﻔﺎً
ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺕ ،ﻟﻮﻻ ﻫﺪﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻣﺎﺃﺟۤﺖ ﻫﺎﻟﺴﻤﻜﺔ ،ﺧﻠـﺺ ﻭﺷﺘﺎﺀ ،ﻳﺮﻛﺾ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻉ ﰒ ﻳﻠﺘﻔﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺍﺀ ﻭﻳﻠﻬﺞ :ﺍٕﺟﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﻭﻗﻠﻘﻮ ﻭﺍﺟﺎ ﻭﺃﺟﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﻠﻘﻮﺍ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﳉﺤـﺎۤ :ﻋـﺪ ﺍٕﺟﺎ ،ﻛﺒّۤﺔ ﻛﺒّﺔ ،ﻫﱪﺓ ﻫﱪﺓ.
ﺁﻣﻮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﺍﳉﺎۤﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﺎﻟﺮﺍﳛﺎﺕ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺠﻲ ﻟﻴﻨـﺎ
ﺃﻫﻼ ﻭﺳﻬﻼ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻟﻮ ﻣﻌﺘﺎﺯ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺤﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨـﺖ ﻋﻤّـﻮ ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ﻳﻘﺮﻋﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﺳﺔ ﺻﺎﺋﺤﲔ :ﺧـﻮﺩ:
ﻣﺎﲜﻴﻪ ﺁﻭﻻﺩ. ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺷﻒ ،ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﱐ :ﺃﺟﺎﻙ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﻮﺍﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ[ :ﲡﻴﻪ ﺿﺮﺑﺔ ،ﲡﻴﻪ ﺩﻛّﺔ ،ﲡﻴﻪ ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺣﻀّﺮ ﺍﳉﺮﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎﲡﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ،
ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻳﺔ ،ﲡﻴﱠﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻷﻣﻚ :ﻣْﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﻣﺎﺃﺟﺎﻛﻲ ،ﲡﻲ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻭﺱ ﻟﻠﺠﺐ :ﺟﻴﺘَﻚ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻣﺘﻠﻚ ﺑﻌﻘـﱯ ﻛـﺘﲑ،
ﻣﻮﺟﺘﻮ ،ﲡﻴﻪ ﺭﺻﺎﺻﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﰎ ﻗﻠﺒﻮ ،ﲡﻴﻪ ﻛٕﻠّۤﺔ ،ﲡﻴﻪ ﺣﺪﻓـﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﺠﺮﺓ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﻫﺎﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻣﺎﺃﺟﺖ ﻣﺸﺤﻮﺭﺓ ،ﻃﺒْﻠﻮﺍ ﺃﺟـﺎ
ﻋﺒﻨﺪ ﺭﻗﺒﺘﻮ ،ﲡﻴﻪ ﻣَﺤْﻮﺓ. ﺍٕﺑﻦ ﺃﻡ ﻋﺘﻤﺎﻥ ،ﺃﺟﺖ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﺰﻣﺖ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺎﻃﲔ ،ﺃﺟـﺎ
ﻟﻴﻜﺤّﻼ ﻋﻤﺎﻫﺎ ،ﺭﺍﺡ ﻣﺸﻘﻮﻑ ﻭﺃﺟﺎ ﻣﻨﺘـﻮﻑ ﻭﺍﳊﻤـﺪ ﷲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎﲜﻲ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﺼـﺮﻣﺎﻱ ،ﺃﻭ
ﻋﺎﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ،ﺃﺟﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﻟﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﺘﻠﻤﻴﺲ ﻗﻠﻌﻮﺍ ﻋﻴﻨـﻮ،
ﻣﺎﲜﻲ ﺇﻻّ ﻗﻨﺺ ،ﺃﺟﺘﻨﺎ ﺇﻳّۤﺎﻡ ﻧﺴّﺘﻨﺎ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺭﺿﻌﻨﺎﻩ ،ﻓﻼﻥ
ﺃﺟﻮ ﳜﻄﺒﻮﱠﺍ ﺗﺪﻟّۤﻠﺖ ﺭﺍﺣﻮ ﻭﺩﺷّﺮﻭﺍ ﺗﺪﺧّﻠۤﺖ ،ﺍﻟﻄﻤّﺎﻉ ﺑﲎ ﻟﻮ
ﻣﺎﻫﻮ ﺧﺪﱐ ﺟﻴﺘﻚ ،ﻛٕﻨّﻲ ﺍٕﻧﺘﻪ ﺟﺎۤﻳﺔ )ﺃﻭ ﻭﻟـﺪﺍﻥ( ﻋﺎﻟﺴـﺒﻌﺔ
ﺩﺍﺭ ﺃﺟﺎ ﺍﳌﻔﻠﺲ ﺳﻜﻦ ﻓﻴّﺎ ،ﺍﻗﻌﺪﻱ ﰲ ﻋﺸّۤﻚ ﺗﻴﺠـﻲ ﺣـﺪﺍ
)ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﺃَﻥ ﻣﻦ ﲪﻠﺘﻪ ﺃُﻣﻪ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﺰﻗﺎً ﻋﺠﻮﻻً(.
ﻳﻜﺸّۤﻚ ،ﺩﺧّﺎﻧﻚ ﻋﻤﺎﻧﺎ ﻭﺃﻛﻠﻚ ﻣﺎﺃﺟﺎﻧﺎ ،ﺃﺟﺎﻫﺎ ﺟﻮﺯ ﺑﺎﳊﻴﻠﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﺃﺟﺎ ﻣﻌـﻚ ﺍﻟﺸـﺎﺵ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ :ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﻭﺃﻟﻮ ﻗﻴﻠۤﺔ ،ﻃﻮﱠﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ ﻭﺃﺟﺎ ﺑﺎﳋﻴﺒۤـﺔ ،ﺳـﺘّﻲ
ﺍﺷﻜﻠﻮ ،ﺃﺟﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﻤۤﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻢّ ﻭﺭﻭّﺣﺎ )ﺃﻭ ﻭﺭﺩّﺍ( ﻻﺑـﺪّ ﻣـﺎﲡﻲ ﻣﺎﺃﺟﺖ ﺑﻌﺘﺖ ﱄ ﺧﻔّﺎ ﻳﺎﺭﻳۤﺖ ﺧﻔّﺎ ﺧﺮﻗﺔ ﺍٕﻧﻔﺎ ،ﺃﺟﺎ ﻭﻧﺎﻡ ﻋﻨّﺎ
ﺍﳊﺒّﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﺘﻢّ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺣﻮﻧﺔ ،ﺃﺟﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻞ ﻏﻄّﻰ ﻋﺎﻟﻨﺎﻳﺎﺕ. ﻟﻴۤﻠﺔ ﺳﺎﻭَﻯ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﻴﻠۤﺔ ،ﺃﺟﺎ ﻣﺎﻟﺼﻘﺎﻕ ﺳﻮّﻯ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻗـﺎﻕ
)ﺃﻱ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ( ﺭﺍﺡ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﺃﺟﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺪﺍﺭ،
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﻠﻘﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺎﲜﻲ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺑﺒﺤﺮﻙ. ﺗﻴﱵ ﺗﻴﱵ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎﺭﺣﱵ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎﺟﻴﱵ ،ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﻭﺃﻣّﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻡ
ﻣﻨﲔ ﺃﺟﺘﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﳛﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺒﺔ ﻳﺎﻣﻴﺸﻮﻡ ،ﺃﺟـﺎ ﺗـﻴﺨﻠّۤﺺ ﺃﺧـﻮﻩ
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺃﻣﻬﺎﻢ[) :ﻣﻊ ﲢﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻛﻤـﻦ
ﻛﻔﺨﻮﻩ ،ﺟﻴﻨﺎ ﻟﻨﻘﻤﺰ )ﺃﻭ ﻟﻨﻘﻔﺰ( ﻋﺸّﺮﻧﺎ ،ﺳﱵ ﺯﻳﻦ ﻭﺃﺟﺎﻫـﺎ
ﻳﺪﻭّﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺔ(:
ﺭﻣﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ،ﺍٕﺵ ﺃﺟﺎﱐ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﻴﺪﺭ ﺗﻴﺠﻴﲏ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺒﻨﻮ؟ ﻭﺍٕﺵ ﺃﺟﺎﱐ
ﺃﺟﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻭﻃﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻛﺒﻴۤﺒۤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﻜﺒﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﻟﻘﺮﺩ ﺗﻴﺠﻴﲏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺑﻨﻮ؟ ﺃﺟﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺘﺎۤ ﻭﺷﺮﻕ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻟﻴﻂ )ﻭﻗـﺪ
ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ( ﻭﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﻃﻴﻂ.
ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﻜﱪﻫﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻮ :ﺯﻏﻴۤﺮﺓ ﺯﻏﻴۤﺮﺓ
]ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺎﺳﻬﻢ[:
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ﺃَﺟﺎﻝ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺃَﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺟﺎﻝ ﻭﻳﺮﺩ ﰲ ﻧﺸﻴﺪﺓ ﺧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻨﺸﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺗﻴﺐ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً:
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﳚﻮﻝ ،ﺃﺩﺍﺭﻩ.
ﻗﺼﺪﻧﺎ ﲪﺎﻛﻦ ﺟﻴﻨﺎﻛﻦ ﺟﻴﻨﺎﻛﻦ
ﺃَﺟﺎﻧۤﺐ :ﲨﻊ ﺃﺟﻨﱯ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻣﺎﻛﻨﺎ ﺟﻴﻨﺎﻛﻦ ﻟﻮﻻ ﻛﻼﻡُ ﺍﷲ
ﺃَﺟﺎﻭﻳﺪ :ﲨﻊ ﺟﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴﺨﻲّ ،ﻛﺮﱘ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ
ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﺳﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﺵ:
ﻭﺧﲑﻫﻢ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻭﻳﺪ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﻄﻴّﱯ ﺍﻷﺻـﻞ
ﻭﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ. ﺟﺎﱐ ﺣﺒﻴﱯ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳊﻠﻘﺔ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﻢ[ :ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﻢ[:
ﻳﺎﺳﺘﻨﺎ! ﻳﺎﻋﺮﻭﺱ! ﻗﻮﻣﻲ ﻧﺴﲑ ﻓﻴﻜﻲ ﻟﻘﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺟﺎﻳﺔ ﺭﺣﻨﺎ ﻟﻨﺠﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ
ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﺑﻮﻛﻲ ﻭﺍﻣّﻚ ﻟﻌﻼﻟﻴﻜﻲ ﻭﻻﺑﺴﺔ ﺍﳌْﻼﻳﺔ ﳐﻄﻄﺔ ﻭﳏﻤﺮﺓ
ﻭﻧﺼﺐّ ﻛﺎﺱ ﺍﳍﻨﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪ ﻳﺴﻘﻴﻜﻲ ﺃَﺟﺎﺏ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺟﺎﺏ ﺳﺆﺍﻟَﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻦ ﺳﺆﺍﻟﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺇﱃ
ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻭﻳﺪ! ﻣﺎﺿﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻬﺮ ﻓﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﺆﺍﻟﻪ :ﺭﺩّ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ ،ﺃﺟﺎﺑﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻪ :ﻗﻀﺎﻫﺎ ﻟﻪ.
ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻭﻳﺪ! ﺳﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺰّ ﻣﺮﺑﺎﻛﻲ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺟﻴﺐ )ﺑﻠﻔـﻆ ﺍﳉـﻴﻢ ﺟﻴﻤـﺎً
ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺔ( ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩ ﺣﺒّۤﻚ ﻭﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻞّ ﻧﺎﺩﺍﻛﻲ
ﺃَﺟّﺎﺟََﺔ :ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ ﰲ " ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻊ "
ﺣَﻠَﻒ ﻋﺮﻳﺴۤﻚ ﺑﺮﺑّﻮ ﺃﻧﻮ ﻳﻠﻘﺎﻛﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭّﺍﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﻮّﺍﻟﺔ.
ﻭﳌﺎ ﺷﺎﻓۤﻚ ﺻﺮﺥ :ﺍﷲ! ﻣﺎﺁﺣﻼﻛﻲ ﺃَﺟﺎﺩ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺟﺎﺩ ﺇﺟﺎﺩﺓ :ﺃﺗﻰ ﺑﺎﳉﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ،ﺃﺟﺎﺩﻩ :ﺻﻴّﺮﻩ ﺟﻴﺪﺍً.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻓﲑﺩﺩ ﻏﺎﻟﺒـﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻷﺫﻛـﺎﺭ :ﺇﻳـﻪ
ﻳﺎﺃﺟﺎﻭﻳﺪ :ﻳﺎﺑﺪﻭﻱ! ﻳﺎﻛﻴﻼﱐ ﻳﺎﺭﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﻳﺎﻫﻮٓ ﻳﺎﻫﻮٓ. ﺃَﺟﺎﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺟﺎﺭ ﺇﺟﺎﺭﺓ :ﺃﺩﺧﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺟـﻮﺍﺭﻩ،
ﺃﻋﺎﺫﻩ ،ﺃﻧﻘﺬﻩ ،ﺃﻏﺎﺛﻪ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻭﻳﺪ ﺩﺳـﺘﻮﺭ
ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﻃﺮٓﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﺍﷲ ﳚﲑﻧﺎ ﻣﺎﻟﻘﻠّۤﺔ ﻭﻣﺎﻟﺬﻟّۤـﺔ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺟﻮﺭ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﲪﺎ.
ﺃَﺟﺒٔﺮ :ﻭﺟﺒٔﺮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺟﱪﻩ :ﺃَﻛﺮﻫﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ. ﺇﺟﺎﺯۤﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺯﺓ :ﺍﻹﺫﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻮﻳﻎ
ﻭﺍﻹﺑﺎﺣﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺯﺓ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﻴﺔ ﲣﻮّﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳـﺰﺍﻭﻝ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺟﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﺇﺟﺒﺎﺭﻱ.
ﺍﻟﻄﺐ.
ﺃَﺟْﺒَﻦ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟَﺒُﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﻫـﺎﺏَ
ﻭﺿﻌُﻒ ﻗﻠﺒّﻪ.
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ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﺭﺩّ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻻﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺍٕﺟﺘﺎﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﺟﺘـﺎﺯ
ﺇﱃ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻛﺸﻔﻪ ﺭﺩّ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ،ﻭﻫﺎﻫﻮ ﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﺳﻠﺴﻞ ﺟﻠـﻖ ﺑﺎﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﻣﺮّ ﺑﻪ ،ﺳﻠﻚ ،ﻋﱪ.
ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﻊ ﲝﺬﻕ ﻭﺣﺲّ ﺭﻫﻴﻒ ﻋﻬﺪﻧﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﺪ
ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ. ﺍٕﺟْﺘﺮﺍٔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺟﺘﺮﺃ -ﻭﺗﺴﻬّﻞ ﳘﺰﺗـﻪ :-
ﺗﺸﺠّﻊ ﻭﺃﻗﺪﻡ.
ﰲ :ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺟــ ٢ﺹ ١٠٢ﺱ ١٨٤٦ﻋﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ
ﻧﻌﻮﻡ ﲞﺎﺵ :ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺎﺀ ﺍﺷﺘﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﺃَﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﱘ ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺭﺍﺀ ﺍٕﺟْﺘَﻠَﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺟﺘﻠﺒﻮﺍ ﻓﻼﻥ ﳊـﺰﺑﻦ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺟﺘﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺁﺧﺮ.
ﺭﺍﺡ ﻃﺮﺑﻮﺵ ﺫﻫﺐ ﻭﻃْﻮﺍﻕ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻭﺣْﻼﻕ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻭﺧـﻮﺍﰎ
ﺫﻫﺐ ٢ﺃﻡ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻭﻧﺒﻬﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻨﺎﺋﺲ ﻭﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍٕﺟﺘﻠﻖ :ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﺍﺷﺘﺎﻕ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺸﻲ
ﻏﺮﻳﺐ -ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺖ ﺣﺼّﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﻠﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭ. ﻋﺮﻭﺱ ﺃٔﺻﺎﺑﻴﻌﻮ ﲤﺎ ﺣﺪﺍ ﳚﺘﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻟﻜـﻦ ﻣﻨـﻮ ﺍﺟﺘﻠـﻖ؟
ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ :ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﻋﻠﻢ ﻳﻌﲎ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﺍﺟﺘﻠﻖ ﻭﻋﻮّٔﻯ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺣﺲّ ﻭﺷﻌﺮ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ. ﻟﻴﺲ ﻻﺟﺘﻠﻖ ﺫﻛﺮ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ.
ﺍٕﺟْﺘَﻤَﻊ :ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃَﻥ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﺷﺘﻤﻊ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﳉَﻠَﻖ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺭ.
ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻌﻮﺍ :ﺍﻧﻀﻤّﻮﺍ ،ﺗﺄﻟّﻔﻮﺍ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺗﻔﺮّﻗﻮﺍ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺗﻘـﻮﻝ:
ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻊ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﰲ " ﲝﺮ ﺍﻟﻌـﻮّﺍﻡ " ﳚـﻮﺯ ﻟﻜﻦّ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻑ -ﻭﻟﻮ ﺍﺟﺘﻤـﻊ
ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻊ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﻊ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﻓﻼﻥ. ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻑ -ﺍﳌﺪﻟﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :ﻧﻨﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ " ﻣﱳ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ":
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﺟْﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺸﻘّﺔ. ﻭﺍﺘﻬﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺃﺷـﻬﺮﻫﻢ :ﺃﺑـﻮ ﺣﻨﻴﻔـﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﻨﺒﻞ.
ﺍﻻﺟْﺮ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘَﺪَﻡ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻞ
ﺍﻟﻔﺨﺬ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ ،ﻭﺯﺎ ﺃٕﻋﻒ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺮﻳـﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﺯﺍﻥ: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﺟﺘﻬﺎﺩ.
ﺷﺄﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍٕﺟﺎ ﻟٕﻔﻊ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺇٕﺟﺤﺎﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ:
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﺆﻧﺜﺔ ﺗﺄﻧﻴﺜﺎً ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺎً ،ﻭﻣﺜﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﻟﻔﻈﻴًﺎ ﺍﻹﺟﺤﺎﻑ :ﺗﻜﻠﻴﻒ ﻣﺎﻻ ﻳﻄﺎﻕ.
ﻭﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺎً ،ﻳﺼﺮﻑ :ﺍٕﺟﺮﺗﻴﲏ )ﺃﻭ ﺍٕﺟﺮٔﻯْ( ﺍٕﺟﺮﺗﻴﻨﺎ )ﺃﻭ ﺍٕﺟﺮﺗﻴﻨﺎ(
ﺍٕﺟﺮﺗﻴﻨﻚ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮﺗﻴۤﻨۤﻚ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮﺗﻴﻨﻜٓﻦ ﺍٕﺟﺮﺗﻴﻨﻮ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻨﺎ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮﺗۤﻴﻨٓﻦ. ﺃﺟْﺤﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺃﺷﺪّ ﻏﺒﺎﻭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻬﺎ :ﺍٕﺟﺮۤﻳﻦ ،ﻳﺼﺮّﻑ :ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳۤﲏ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻨـﺎ )ﺃﻭ
ﺃﺟَﺤْﺸَﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﺤﺸﻨﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻨّﺎ( ،ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻨَﻚ ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻨۤﻚ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻨﻜﻦ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻨـﻮ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻨـﺎ،
ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻨٓﻦ. ﺃَﺟْﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺟْﺮ :ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀ ،ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺏ :ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ:
ﻭﻣﺼﻐﺮﻫﺎ :ﺟْﺮٔﻱ ﻭﺟْﺮٔﻳّۤﺔ ،ﻭﺗﺒﺪﻝ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﺳﻜﻮﻧًﺎ ﺃﺟﻮﺭ ﻭﺁﺟﺎﺭ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﳜﻄﺌﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻵﺟـﺎﺭ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺍﻹﳚﺎﺭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁﺟﺎﺭ .
ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ،ﻭﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ :ﺟْﺮٔﻱ ﻣْﺤﻤّﺪ ﺟْﺮَﻱْ )ﺃﻭ ﺟْﺮٔﻳّﲕ(
ﺟﺮﻳﻨﺎ ،ﺟﺮﻳّﻚ ،ﺟﺮﻳّۤﻚ ،ﺟﺮﻳﻜٓﻦ ،ﺟﺮﻳّﻮ ،ﺟﺮﻳّﺎ ،ﺟﺮﻳّٓﻦ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﺃﺟـﻮﺭ ﻭﲨﻌﺘـﻬﺎ ﺛﺎﻧﻴـﺔ:
ﻭﻛﺬﺍ :ﺟْﺮﻳﺖ ﳏﻤـﺪ ،ﻭﺟـﺮﻳﱵ ،ﻭﺟﺮﻳﺘﻨـﺎ، ﺃﺟﻮﺭﺍﺕ.
ﻭﺟﺮﻳﺘَﻚ ،ﻭﺟﺮﻳﺘۤﻚ ،ﻭﺟﺮﻳﺘﻜﻦ ،ﻭﺟﺮﻳﺘﻮ ﻭﺟﺮﻳﺘﺎ ،ﻭﺟﺮﻳﺘٓﻦ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﱪّﺍﺕ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻛﺜﲑﻳﻦ ﻳﻘﻮﻣﻮﻥ ﲟﺸـﺎﺭﻳﻊ
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ :ﻟﻴﺶ ﻛﺴﺮﺗﻮﺍ ﺟْﺮٔﻳﺘِـﻲ ﻟﻸﺟﺮ ﻛﺄﻭﻗﺎﻑ ﺍﳋﲑﺍﺕ ﻭﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻼﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺬﺭ ﻹﻃﻌـﺎﻡ
ﻟﻴﺶ... ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻂ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺋﺨﺔ ،ﻭﻧﻘﺮ ﺟﺮﻥ ﻭﺗﺜﺒﻴﺘـﻪ
ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﻳﻐﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ ﻟﺘﺸﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺏ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻻﳛﺼﻰ...
ﻭﻻ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮِﺟﻞ ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻻ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﳌﺎ ﺑﻌﺪَﻫﺎ
ﻛﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒﱪﻙ ﻭﲝﻂ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺭﺟﻞ ﺃﻣﻮ ﺑﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻋﺠﻞ، ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺿﺎﻉ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﲪﺎﺭﺍً ﺃﻭ ﻭﻟﺪﺍً ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺩﻱ
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ :ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻭﺣﻄﺖ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻭﺟﺎﺑﺖ ﺻﱯ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻞ. ﻳﺼﺮﺥ :ﻳﺎﺳﺎﻣﻌﲔ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ! ﻳﺎﺑﺼـﻼﺓ ﳏﻤـﺪ! ﻳﺎﻭﻟﻴـﺪﺍﺕ
ﺍﳊﻼﻝ! ﻳﺎﻣﺮﺩّﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻬﻔﺎﺕ ،ﻳﺎﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻑ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺟﺤﺶ
ﻭﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺮِﺟﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺭۤﺟۤﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺭۤﺟٓﻼ )ﻭﻟﻔﻆ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﺟﺤﺶ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻣﺒﺎۤﺭﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺿﺎﻳﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑـﺮﺩّﻭ
ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ﰲ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ ﻛﺎﳉﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﺔ(. ﻳﺮﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺘﻮ ﻭﺍﳊﻠﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺺ ﳎﻴﺪﻱ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺏ ﻋﻨـﺪ
ﺍﷲ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻏﲑ ﻭﺳﺦ ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻨـﺎ، ﻭﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﻠﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﱐ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ
ﻟﻮﻣﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﳊﻴﺔ ﺍٕﺷﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻲ ﻣﺎﺣﻂ ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻬـﺎ ﺑﺒﻄﻨـﺎ، ﺍﻷﺧﲑﺓ ﻛﺎﻷﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً.
ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻠﻊ ﺑﺈﻳﺪﻙ ﺳﺎﻭﻳﻪ ﺑﺎٕﺟﺮﻙ ،ﻣٕﲏ ﻛﻌﺘﻮﻟﺔ ﺑـﺎٕﺟﺮ ﺟﻴﺠـﺔ؟
ﻟﺒﺴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻮﺝ ﺑﺎٕﺟﺮﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺝ ،ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﳛﺪﻱ ﺧﻴﻠـﻮ ﻭﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺭۤﺟۤﻞ )ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﻓﺎً(.
ﺍﳋﻨﻔﺴۤﺎ ﻣﺪّﺕ ﺍٕﺟﺮﺍ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﳏﻨّﻚ ﺑﺎٕﺟﺮ ﺟﺤﺶ ،ﻻﺗﺸﻠﺤﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻭﰲ ﺍﳉﻌﺰﻳﺔ ﺇﺟْﺮ :ﺗﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻔـﺎﺭﻕ
ﺍٕﺟﺮﻙ ،ﺭﻭ ﻻﺗﻠﺰٔﻕ ﺑﺎٕﺟﺮ ﺣﺪﺍ. ﺷﻜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﲔ ﻗـﺪ ﺍٕﺟـﺮ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺮﺩﺓ ﻭﺷﻜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻐﺮﻳﺔ .
ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺔ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺘﻐﻄﻰ ،ﺍﻻٕﺟﺮ ﺑﺘﺪﺏ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺤﺐ ،ﺑﺎٕﺟﺮﻱ
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ :ﺭِﺯْﻝ.
ﻭﻻ ﺑﺎﳊﺪﻭﺓ )ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻄﻤﺖ ﺭﺟﻞ ﲞﻴﻞ ﻭﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻪ(،
ﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﻣﺎﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺠﻴﺠﺔ :ﻛﺶ ﺍﺿﺮﺑﺎ ﺍﻛﺴﻮﺭ ﺍٕﺟﺮﺍ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺘﻪ ﺟﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺠﻢ :ﺍﻟٕـﺎﺟﺮ:
ﺍﻟﺸَﺮِﻩ )ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺭﺟﻠﻪ ﰲ ﻧﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺘﺎﺕ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪ ﻓﺮﺍﺷﻚ ﻣﺪّ ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻚ )ﺃﻭ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪ ﳊﺎۤﻓﻚ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻭﳒﺪ( ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻻﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻭﺑﺎﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻧﻮﺭﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻷﲪﺪ ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﺹ .٣٤٨ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻔّۤﻒ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ ﺑﺘﻌّۤﺐ ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻪ. " ﺍﻟﻌﻜﻮﺯ " ﻟﻠﺮﺟﻞ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ،ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ :ﺍﻟﻌَﻜﻮﺯ :ﻣﺜـﻞ
ﺍﳉﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﻳﻀﻊ ﺍﻷﺟﺬﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺭﺟﻠﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺭﻛﺐ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳـﻪ ،ﺃﻛـﻞ
ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺏ ﺷﻘﻔﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍٕﺟﺮَﻱ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮﻱ ﻭﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻠﻖ. ﻧﻌﻮﺩ] ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍٕﺟﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺳـﻲ ،ﺍٕﺟـﺮ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮ ﺍﳌَﻨﺼﺐ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻠّﻢ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮ ﺍﳋﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻨﻘﻠﻪ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍٕﺟﺮ ﻛﺮﺳـﻲ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺒﺎ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮﺗﻮﻥ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺤّﺎﺭﺓ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮ ﺍﻟﻜَﺮَﻭﻳﺘﻪ ،ﺍٕﺟﺮ
ﻻﺷﺄﻥ ﻟﻪ( ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺇﻳﺪﻱ ﻭﺍٕﺟﺮﻱ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﻮﱐ ﻭﻻ ﺃﺳﺘﻐﲏ
ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻘﺎﺏ ...ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ.
ﻋﻨﻪ(.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﻔﺘّۤﺢ ﺃﺟﺮﻳﻪ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﳝﺸﻲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[:
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺷﻘﺔ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﻑ:
ﳏﺒﻮﺑﱵ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎ ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻟﻴﻬﺎ ؟
ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﻔّﺲ ﻋﺎﻟﻜﻤﺎﻱ ﺑﺈﺟﺮﻳﻪ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻦ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺧﺸﺨﺶ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻫﺐ ﺑﺘﺮﻛﺪ ﻋﺎٕﺟﺮﻳﻬﺎ. ﺭﺑﻴﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ(.
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ﺭﺟﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ ﻳﺜﻨﻴﻬﺎ ﰒ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﻕ ﺇﱃ ﺃَﻥ ﺗﺒﻘﻰ ﺭﺟﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﻢ[:
ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﳑﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﻓﻴُﻌﺪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ ﻣﻐﻠﻮﺑﺎً(.
ﺩﻭﺱ ﻳﺎﻋﺮﻳﺴﻨﺎ ﺩﻭﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻭﺱ
ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻘﻠﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﳋﺮﺍﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴـﺔ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻬـﺎ
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﱐ ﺃﺷﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺭﻭﺣﻪ ﰲ ﺭﺟﻠـﻪ ﻻ ﰲ ـﺐ
ـﻚ ﺩﻫـ
ـﺖ ﺍﺟﺮﻳـ
ﲢـ
ﺟﺴﻤﻪ ،ﻓﻜﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺎﻡ ﻻﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺗـﺎﻩ ﺳـﻬﻢ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺪﻭﺱ
ﻣﺆﺧﺮﺓ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﻓﻤﺎﺕ ،ﻓﺴﻤﻰ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺘﻔﻚ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺃﻟﻒ ﳏﺒﻮﺱ ﻭﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﺎﻟﺴﺮﺍﻱ
ﺭﺟﻠﻪ :ﻭﺗﺮ ﺃﺷﻴﻞ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﻮﺍﺭﻫﻢ[:
ﺃَﺟّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺟّﺮ ﺍﻟـﺪﻛﺎۤﻛﲔ ﻭﺍﻻﺣـﻮﺍﺵ،
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺁﺟﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﳓﻮِﻫﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻛﺮﺍﻫﺎ. ﺧﺪﻭﺝ ﻳﺎﺧﺪﻭﺝ ! ﻣﺎﺭﺣﱵ ﻋﺎﻟﺴﻴﻨﻤﺎ؟
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ﺍﻷﺟﺴَﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺟﺴﻢ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀـﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺟﺮٔﺍﻡ.
ﺟَﺴُﻢ :ﺿَﺨُﻢ ﻭﻋَﻈُﻢ.
ﺍﻻﺟْﺮٔﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺟﺮﺓ :ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ ،ﺍﻟﻌِﻮَﺽ ﻟﻘﺎﺀ
ﺍﻷﺟْﻔَﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺧْﻴﺎﺭﰐ ﺃﺟﻔَﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻴﺎﺭﺗﻚ، ﻋﻤﻞ.
ﻟﻜﻦ ﺑْﺮﳝَﻚ ﺃﺟﻔﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺑْﺮﳝﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻏﻠـﻆ :ﺑﻨـﻮ ﺍﺳـﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻔﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻏَﻠُﻆ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺟْﺮﺍٓ )ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﺟﻴﻢ ﻣﺼـﺮﻳﺔ( ،ﻭﰲ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺟﺮَﺍ.
ﺃﺟْﻘٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳌٔﻲ ﺃﺟﻘﺮۤﺕ ﻭﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﻃﻌﻤﺘﺎ
ﺟﻘﺮﺓ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃَﺳِﻦ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﻓﺴﺪ ،ﻇﲏ ﺃـﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳉُـﺆﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺃُﺟﺮﺕ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻗﻲﺀ ﻭﺳُﻼﺡ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﺠﺄﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻱ :ﻓﲑﻓـﻊ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺃٕﺟﺮﺓ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣـﻦ
ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻐﺎﺛﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ. ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﳒﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً( ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﻔﺎﺭﺓ :ﺑﻮﺳﻲ ﺇﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻂ ﻭﺧﺪﻱ ﻟۤﻚ
ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺳَﻘْۤﺮﻩ ،ﺃﺑﻐﻀﻪ، ﻟﻴۤﺮﻩ ،ﻗﺎﻟﺖ :ﺍﻷٕﺟﺮﻩ ﻣْﻠﻴﺤﻪ ﺑﺲّ ﺍﻟﺪﻭٓﺭﺓ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺴﻠَﻢ.
ﺃﻫﺎﻧﻪ ،ﺁﺫﺍﻩ ،ﻧﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺷﺰﺭﺍً .ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﺼَـﻘْﺮﺓ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺟﺮ .
ﻭﺍﻟﺼَﻘَﺮَﺓ :ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻮﺽ ﺗﺒﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ،
ﺍﻷﺟﺮﻭﺩِﻱ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﺟﺮﻭﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﺟـﺮٔﺩ -
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻵﺟِﻦ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﺷﻌﺮ ﰲ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ
ﺃَﺟْﻘٔﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲤّﺎ ﺃﺟﻘﻢ ،ﻭﻋﻢ ﲝﻜﻲ ﻣﻌـﻲ ﺷﻌﺮ ﰲ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ.
ﺑﺎﻷﺟﻘﻢ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺟﻘﻤﺎ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺟﻘﻢ ﻭﺟﻘﻤﺎﻥ :ﺻـﻔﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺻـﺒﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻭﺩ ﻭﻻﺻـﺒﺎﺡ
ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟَﻘَﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻷﺟﺮﻭﺩ ،ﻻﺗﺮﺍﻓﻖ ﺃﺟﺮﻭﺩﻱ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﻳﺎﻫﻮﺩِﻱ.
ﺃَﺟْﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺳﺎﻭﻳﺖ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻠـﻚ:
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﻨﺠﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﺍﳌٕﺸٕـﻌْﺮﺓ
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮّﺍﻙ ﻭﺑﺴﺒﺒﻚ ،ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﻋﻮﺿـﺎً
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟّﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺟﺮﻭﺩﻱ.
ﻋﻨﻬﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻧﻚ.
ﺍﻷﺟْﺰَﺧٔﺎﻧۤﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺧﺎﻧﺔ ،ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﱐ ﺃﻭﱃ:
ﺍﻷﺟَﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﺎﻟﺔ ﻷﺟَﻞ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ،
ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺪﻟﻴﺔ ﺭﻛﺒﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ " ﺃﺟﺰﺍ " )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﻭﻓﻼﻥ ﺍٕﺟﺎ ﺃﺟﻠﻮ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺟَﻞ :ﺍﳌﺪّﺓ ،ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ،ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ،
ﲨﻊ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ ،ﻭﻣﻦ " ﺧﺎﻧﻪ " ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟـﺪﺍﺭ،
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺁﺟﺎﻝ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺟﺰَﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺟَﻞ ﻭﺁﺟﺎﻝ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﳛﺮﻓﻮـﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺯﺩﺧﺎﻧـﺔ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺃﺟﻞ ﻣﻮﻋـﻮﺩ ،ﺃﺟـﻞ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺃﺯﺩﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ .ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﺗﺴـﻤﻲ
ﻣﺴﻤّﻰ ،ﺃﺟﻞ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺴﻤﻰ ،ﺃﺟﻞ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ،ﺃﺟﻞ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ. ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺪﻟﻴﺔ :ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺧﺎﻧﻪ.
]ﻭﻳﻬﺪّﺩﻭﻥ[ :ﻛﻮ ﺑﻀﺮﺑﻚ ﻛﻒ ﲜﻴﺐ ﺃﺟﻠﻚ. ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻲ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻭﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺪﱄ :ﺃﺟﺰّﺟﻲ ،ﺃﻭ
ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺟﻲ ،ﻭﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺟﺰَﺟﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺟﺰﺟﻴّۤﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻘﺮّﺏ ﺍﻷﺟﻞ.
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ﺃﺟْﻤﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻌﻈـﻴﻢ ﺃﺟّﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃَﺟّﻠﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮﺓ ،ﻭﺃﺟّﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ ﺍﻟـﺪﻋﻮﻯ،
ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻱ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﲨﻌﺖ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺬﺍ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﲨﻌﻮﺍ: ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺟّﻠﻪ :ﺃﺧّﺮﻩ ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻬﺎ :ﺗْﺄﺟّﻞ.
ﺍﺗﻔﻘﻮﺍ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺗﺄﺟﻴـﻞ
ﺍﻷﲨﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺱ ﲝﻮﺵ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻷﻧّﺎ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﻭﺗﺄﺟﻴﻠٔﺎﺕ ﻭﻣُﺆﺟّﻞ ﻭﻣُﺆﺟّﻼً.
ﻭﺃﲨﻊ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲨﻊ :ﺿﻢّ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻬﺮ ﻣْﺄﺟّﻞ ،ﻭﻣﻬﺮ ﻣْﻌﺠّﻞ.
ﺃﲨﻌﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ :ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺤّﺎﺩ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﷲ ،ﺃﷲ ﻳَﻌﻄﻴـﻚ،
ﺃﺟْﻤَﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﲨﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﲨﻌﻪ ،ﺍﳊﺴـﺎﺏَ: ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺟّﻼ.
ﺭﺩّﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩﻱ ﻳﺴّﺎﻑ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻩ -ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻴﻞ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﲨﺎﻻً ﻭﺇﲨﺎﻟﻴﺎً. ﻟﻪ :ﺃﺟّﻼ ﻳﻐﲏ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﲔ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ :ﻣْﺄَﺟﻠۤﺔ ﻭﻓﻮﻕْ ﺭﻓﻘﺎﺗﺎ ﻣﺪﺭﻛﻠۤﺔ،
)ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻜﺮﻩ ﺍﳌﺆﺟّﻞ ﻳﻘـﻮﻝ :ﻣْﺄﺟّﻠـﻪ ﺑـﺲ ﻳﺒﻼﻛـﻲ
ﺍﻷﲨﻞ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲨُﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣَﺴُﻦ.
ﺑﺪﺭﻛﻠۤﻪ(.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻠﺪ ١١ﺹ : ١٣٢ﺃﲨﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ .
ﺃَﺟَﻞّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺟَﻠّﻪ :ﻋﻈّﻤﻪ.
ﺃَﺟَﻦّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟُﻦّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺫﻫـﺐ
ﻋﻘﻠُﻪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺇﺟﻼﻝ.
ﺃَﺟْﻨَﺐ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻛﺎﻥ ُﺟﻨُﺒﺎً ،ﺃﺣﺪﺙ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺑﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻷَﺟَﻞّ :ﻣﻦ ﺩﻳﺒﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺣﻀـﺮﺓ
ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺒُﻌﺪ. ﺍﻷﺟَﻞّ ﺍﻷﳎﺪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟَﻞّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﻈُﻢ ﻗﺪﺭُﻩ.
ﺍﻷَﺟْﻨَﱯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺐ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺃَﺟﻠَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺟﻠﻰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﺧﺮﺝ ،ﺃﺟـﻼﻩ
ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻧﻪ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﲔ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺮﻱ :ﻭﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ،ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻊ :ﺗﻔﺮﻗﻮﺍ ﻋﻨـﻪ ،ﻋﻨـﻪ
ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺭﺟﻞ ﺃﺟﻨَﺐ ﻭﺟﺎﻧِﺐ ﻭﺟُﻨُﺐ ،ﻭﻻﺗﻜﺎﺩ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﺟﻨﱯ. ﺍﳍﻢﱠ :ﻛﺸﻔﻪ ﻋﻨﻪ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲡﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﱯ -ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻟﺘﻪ -ﲨﻌﺎً ﺳﺎﳌﺎً: ﺍﻷﺟْﻠَﺪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟَﻠُﺪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻـﱪ
ﻣﺬﻛﺮﺍً ﺃﻭ ﻣﺆﻧﺜﺎً ،ﻭﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺃﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﻣﻮﻟّﺪ. ﻭﲢﻤّﻞ ،ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﳉَﻠَﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺑﺔ.
ﺃﺟْﻬَﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻﺗٕﺠﻬﺪ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﻛٕﻞ ﻫﺎﺩْ ﻛﻮ ﺃَﺟﻠَﺲ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺟﻠﺴﻪ :ﺻﻴّﺮﻩ ﺟﺎﻟﺴﺎً ،ﻣﻜّﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ
ﺑْﺘﻤﺮﺽ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﺍ ﺑﻨْﺠﻘﻚ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺟﻬﺪ ﻧﻔﺴَﻪ :ﲪّﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﳉﻠﻮﺱ.
ﻃﺎﻗﺘﻬﺎ. ﺍﻷﺟﻠَﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻮ ﻫٔﻠّﻖْ ﺃﺟﻠﺲ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ:
ﺃَﺟْﻬﺰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ .ﺃَﺟﻬـﺰ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﺲ :ﺿﺪّ ﻧﺎﻡ.
ﺍﳉﺮﻳﺢ :ﺷﺪّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺃﰎﱠ ﻗﺘﻠﻪ.
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ﺃٔﭼﻘﺒٔﺎﺵ :ﺃﻭ ﺁﭼﻴﻘﺒٔﺎﺵ ،ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺣﺎﺳﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺟﻬﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲪﺎﺭ ،ﺃﺟﻬﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛٕﺮّ.
ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻﻳﺘﻘﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﳌﻈﺎﻫﺮ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﺃﭼﻴﻘﺒﺎﺵ
ﺍﻷﺟْﻮٔﺩ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﺩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻـﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺟﻴﺪﺍً ،ﻭﺑﺎﳌﺎﻝ :ﺗﻜﺮّﻡ.
ﺃﭼَﻠْﺒَﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﭼﻠﱭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻷﺟْﻮٔﻑ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﺟﻮﻑ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺃﺡّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﻟﻠﻄﻔﻞ :ﺃﺡّ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺳـﺎﺧﻦ، ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﺐ ﺃَﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﻨﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺷـﺪ ﻭﻋﻠـﻢ،
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ. ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺟﻮﻑ :ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻥ ﻻﻓﺆﺍﺩ ﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ
ﻣﺎﺗﻘﺪﻡ.
ﺃٔﺡّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺡﱠ :ﺳﻌﻞ ،ﺗﻨﺤﻨﺢ ،ﺗﻮﺟّـﻊ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺑﺮﺩ. ﺍﻷْﺟِﲑ :ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺃﺟﲑۤﻩ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃٕﺟَﺮﺍ ﻭﺃﺟَﺎﺭﻯ
ﻭﺃﺟَﺮﺍﺕ ،ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﺎﺩﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺘّـﺎﺏ:
ﺃَﺣﺎﻁ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺣﺎﻁ ﺑﻪ :ﻃﻮّﻗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺟﻬﺎﺗﻪ،
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺟﲑ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﺮﻯ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺑﻌـﻮﺽ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ:
ﺃﺣﺎﻁ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻋﻠﻤﺎً :ﺑﻠﻎ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻗﺼﺎﻩ.
ﺃُﺟَﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺎﺗﻘﺪّﻡ.
ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ :ﺣﺎﻭﻁ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺟِﲑﺍٓ )ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﺟﻴﻢ ﻣﺼـﺮﻳﺔ( ،ﻭﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﺇﺑـﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺟﲑَﺍ.
ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺣﻄﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﺎً ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻴﺘـﻪ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺑﻔﻀﺢ ﺍﻟﻴﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻜﻨّۤـﺔ
ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻤﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ،ﻓﻴﺠﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﻳﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻻﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﺇﻻ
ﻭﺍﻷﺟﲑ.
ﻻﺯﻣﺎً :ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﺃًﺣﻄﺖ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ ﻭﺃﺣﻄﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﺎً ،ﱂ ﻳُﺴﻤَﻊ ﻏﲑ
ﺫﻟﻚ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﺣٕﺒﻠۤﺔ ﻣﺎﻷﺟﲑ ! ﺃﺵ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺟـﺎ
ﻣﻨّۤﻚ ﻛﺘﲑ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎﺑْﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻌﻠّۤﻢ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺟـﲑ) ،ﻭﰲ ﻟﻌﺒـﺔ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺣﺎﻃﺖ ،ﻭﲝﺮ ﳏﻴﻂ.
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ( :ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎﲜﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻢ ﲜﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﺟﲑ.
ﻭﺍﳌﻄﻮّﻑ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺔ ﻳﻠﻘﻦ ﺍﳊﺎﺝ ﻣﻘﻄﻌـﺎً ﻣﻘﻄﻌـًﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﺘّﻖ ﺩﺑّﺘَﻚ ﻭﺟﺪّﺩ ﺃﺟﲑَﻙ.
ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ " ﺍﷲ ﳏﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ " :ﺍﷲ ﻣُﺤـﻴﻄُﻦ ﻃُﻨْﺒﻠﻜـﺎ،
ﻓﺮﻳﻨﺎ. ﺍﻟٔﺄﭼٔﺒْﻘٔﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﭼﺎﺑﻘﻮﻥ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﺎ
ﺍﺳﻢ ﻭﻏﲑ ﻋﺮﰊ ﻭﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ.
ﺃﺣﺎﻝ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺣﺎﻟﻪ :ﻧﻘﻠﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﭼﺒﻘﻦ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻟﻴﺶ ﰲ؟
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﶈﺎﻛﻢ :ﺍﻹﺣﺎﻟﺔ:
ﲤﻠﻴﻚ ﺍﳌﺰﺍﻳﺪ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭ ﺍﶈﺠﻮﺯ ﺍﳌﻄـﺮﻭﺡ ﻟﻠﺒﻴـﻊ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺃٔﭼّٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃٔﭼّٔﻖ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟۤﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻲ ﺷﻲ ﳐﺒّﺎ،
ﺍﳌﺰﺍﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻨﻴﺔ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺄﭼّٕﻘﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﻛﺸﻔﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻋـﺎﻥ
ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞَ ﻣﻦ " ﺁﭼﻴﻖ" ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻒ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺣﺎﻟٔﺖ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ.
ﺍٕﺣﺘﺎﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺍﻓﺘﻘﺮ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ
ﺫﺍ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ.
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ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻴٔﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻴٔﺎﻻﺕ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺣﺘﺎﺟﻪ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺎ :ﺍﺣﺘﺎﺝ
ﺇﻟﻴﻪ.
ﺍٕﺣﺘَﺒَﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺣﺘﺒﻚ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻏﺺ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺣﱴ ﻏﺪﺍ ﻛﺎﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﶈﺒﻮﻙ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻴٔﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻴٔﺎﺟٔﺎﺕ ﻭﳏﺘﺎﺝ.
ﺍٕﺣْﺘَﺞّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺞّ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺣُﺠّـﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺝ.
ﻭﻋﺬﺭﺍً ﻟﻪ ،ﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺝ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻜﺎﺭ ﺃﻋﻤـﺎﻝ
ﺃﺭﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺷﺘﻐﻞ ﺗﺘﻜﻞّ ﻭﻻ ﲢﺘﺎﺝ ﻟﻠﺬﻝ ،ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺍﺣﺘﺠﺖ ﻟﻠﻜﻠﺐ ﻗﻮﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻳﺎﺣﺞ ﻛﻠﺐ )ﺃﻭ ﺣﺞ ﻛﻠﺒﻮﻥ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺠٔﺎﺝ.
ﺍﻷﺣﺐ :ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ.
ﺍٕﺣْﺘَﺠَﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺠﺐ :ﺍﻛﱳﱠ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ
ﺣﺠﺎﺏ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺣﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻲّ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻠﱯ ﺃﺷـﻮﻓﻚ
ﲞﲑ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺠٔﺎﺏ.
ﺍٕﺣﺘﺎﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﲢﻴّـ َﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺣﺘﺠَﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ،ﺍﺣﺘﺠﺒۤـﺖ ﻭﺿﻞﱠ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻬﺘﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞَ ،ﻭﲟﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﱂ ﺗـﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﺣﺘـﺎﺭ
ﺍﳉﺮﻳﺪۤﺓ. ﺃﻧﻜﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ.
ﺍٕﺣْﺘَﺠَﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺠﺰ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ :ﲪﻠـﻪ ﰲ ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﺣﺘﺎﺭ.
ﺣُﺠﺰﺗﻪ ﺃﻱ :ﰲ ﻣﻌﻘﺪ ﺇﺯﺍﺭﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻏﺎﻟﺒـﺎً :ﺣﺠـﺰ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺣﺘﺎﺭ ﻭﺃﷲ ﺣﻴّﺮﻭٓ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺸِﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻮ َﺮّ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ،ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍٕﺣْﺘَﺮﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺯ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺗﻮﻗّﺎﻩ ،ﺟﻌـﻞ ﰲ
ﺟﻮّﺍ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻕ. ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺣﺮﺯ ﻣﻨﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲢﺮﺯ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﰲ " ﻫﺮ " ﻭﰲ " ﻭﺭﻕ ". ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺮٔﺍﺯ.
ﺍٕﺣْﺘَﺮٔﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﻛـﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻓﺘﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﺣﺘﺮﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘـﺮﺱ :ﲢـﺮّﺯ ﻭﺗـﻮﻗّﻰ
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ :ﲢﺮﻙ ﻓﻘﻂ. ﻭﲢﻔّﻆ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲢﺮﺱ.
ﺍٕﺣْﺘَﺮﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻣﻪ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺣُﺮﻣﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﺱ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﻭﳏﺘﺮَﻡ. ﺍٕﺣْﺘَﺮﺵ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻﲢﺘـﺮﺵ ﺣـﺪﺍ ﻣﺎﺣـﺪﺍ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺱ ١٣ﺹ ١٤٠ﻭﺱ ١٩ﺹ : ٤١ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﲝﺘﺮﺷَﻚ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻﲤﺲّ ﺃﺣﺪﺍً ﺑﺄﺫﻯً :ﺃَﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺵ
ﰲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻡ . ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺋﺪُ ﺍﻟﻀﺐﱠ ﻭﲢﺮّﺷﻪ :ﺣﺮّﻙ ﻳﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺑﺎﺏ ﺟُﺤﺮﻩ ﻟﻴﻈﻨﻪ
ﺣﻴّﺔ ﺃﻭ ﳓﻮﻫﺎ ﻓﻴﺨﺮﺝ ﺫﻧﺒﻪ ﻟﻴﻀﺮﺎ ﻓﻴﺄﺧﺬﻩ ﺑﺬﻧﺒﻪ.
ﺍٕﺣﺘَﺮﻡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻣﻨﺎ ﺃﻛﻞ ﺗﲔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻨۤﺔ،
ﺳﺒﺒﺎ ﻛﻨّﺎ ﻣﺴﺎۤﻓﺮﻳﻦ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻣﻨﻌﻪ ﺍﺣْٕﺘَﺮﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻑ :ﺍﺗّﺨﺬ ﺣﺮﻓﺔ.
ﺇﻳﺎﻩ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻑ.
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﻠﻘﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻥ ﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻣﺎ ﻣْﻨﺤﺘﺮﻡ ﺷٓﻮﻓﺔْ ﻭﭼّﻚ
ﺍﳊﻠﻮ ،ﲢﺘﺮﻡ ﺍﳊﻨﺔ ﺇﻥ ﻛٕﻨﺖ ﻋﻢ ﺗﻜﺪﺏ؟ ﺣﺎۤﺑﺴٕﲏ ﻭﺣـﺎۤﺭﻣﲏ ﺍٕﺣْﺘَﺮﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻕ ﺍﳊﻄﺐُ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ
ﴰﻴﻢ ﺍﳍﻮﺍ. ﺣﺮﻗﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻭﻗﻮﺩﺍً.
ﺍٕﺣﺘﺸﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺸﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻌﻮﺍ ﻷﻣﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ.
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ .ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ. ﻭﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻣۤﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮٓﻧﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻕ ﻓﻼﻥ ﲟﻌـﲎ:
ﺍٕﺣﺘَﺸَﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﺸﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﻋﻨﻪ :ﺍﻧﻘـﺒﺾ ﺧﺴﺮ ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﺄﻧﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺭﻗـﻢ
ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺤﻴﺎ. ﻭﲟﺒﻠﻎ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﺣﺘﺸﻤﻪ :ﺧﻄـﺄ، ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻕ ﺩﻣّﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺎﻟﺘﺤﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ
ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺍﺣﺘﺸﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻨﻪ. ﺿﻴّﻌﺘﺎ.
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ﺍٕﺣﺘﻜﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻜﻢ ﺇﱃ ﻓـﻼﻥ :ﺟﻌﻠـﻪ ﺍٕﺣْﺘَﻀٔﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻀﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﱯﱠ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺣِﻀﻨﻪ.
ﺣَﻜَﻤﺎً.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﺛﺎﻗﻔﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻗـﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﺣﺘﻀـﻦ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻜٔﺎﻡ. ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﺃ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻻﺗْﻘﻮﻝ ﱄ ﻭﻻ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻚ ،ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ ﺍٕﺣْﺘَﻄٔﺐ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻄﺐ :ﺟَﻤَﻊ ﺍﳊﻄﺐ.
ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﻳﺎﺍﷲ ﳓﺘﻜﻢ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ.
ﺍٕﺣﺘﻔٔﻆ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ ﻟﻨﻔﺴـﻪ:
ﺍٕﺣﺘَﻞّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻞﱠ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥَ :ﻧﺰﻝ ﺑﻪ. ﺍﺧﺘﺼﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍٕﺣﺘﻠَٔﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻠَﻢ :ﺣَﻠَﻢ ﰲ ﻧﻮﻣﻪ ،ﺭﺃﻯ ﰲ ﺍٕﺣﺘَﻔَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻔﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ :ﺍﻫـﺘﻢّ ﺑـﻪ،
ﻧﻮﻣﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻀﺎﺟﻊ ،ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ :ﺃﺩﺭﻙ ﻭﺑﻠﻎ ﺍﳊﻠﻢ. ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻌﻮﺍ.
ﺍٕﺣﺘَﻤَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ :ﲪﻠـﻪ، ﺍٕﺣﺘﻘﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻘﻦ :ﺗـﺪَﺍﻭﻯ ﺑﺎﳊﻘﻨـﺔ:
ﺑﺈﻳﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺀ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳉﻮﻑ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﳌﺆﺧﺮﺓ.
ﻭﻓﻼﻧﺎً :ﺃﻏﻀﻰ ﻋﻦ ﺇﺳﺎﺀﺗﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﺃﻃﺎﻗﻪ ﻭﺻﱪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺣﺪﺏ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺸﻘﻠﺐ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻤٔﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻤٔﺎﻟٔﺎﺕ.
ﺃﺣﺪﺙ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺣﺪﺙ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺑﺘﺪﻋﻪ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺍٕﺣﺘﻮﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺣﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺣﻮﺍﻩ
ﻗﺒﻞُ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ. ﻭﺃﺣﺮﺯﻩ.
ﺃﺣﺪﺙ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻓﻘﻬﻲ :ﺃﺗﻰ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻨﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻄﻬﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻻٕﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﺣﺘﺎﻁ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ .ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ. ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻴﺶ ﻳﺴﺘﻨﻔﺮ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﳊﺎﺟـﻪ ،ﻭﺍﺻـﻄﻼﺡ
ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻟﻠﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﻻﺑﺘـﺪﺍﺋﻲ ﲰـﻮﻩ :ﺻـﻒّ
ﺃَﺣٔﺮّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ.
ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻋﲔ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﺃﺣﺮّ ﻣﺎﳊﺮﻳﻖ.
ﺃﺣْﺠَﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺣﺠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻛﺬﺍ ،ﻧﻜﺺ ﻫﻴﺒـﺔ،
ﺃﺣﺮﺝ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺣﺮﺟﻪ :ﺿﻴّﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺃﳉـﺄﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺟَﺒُﻦ ،ﻛﻒﱠ.
ﻣﻀﻴﻖ.
ﺍﻷﺣٔﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺣﺪ :ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻻ ﺛﺎﱐ
ﺃٔﺣْﺮﺯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺃﺣﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ: ﻟﻪ.
ﺿﻤّﻪ ،ﲨﻌﻪ ،ﺣﺎﺯﻩ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺍﺣَﺪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﻲ ﲝﺮۤﺯ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﳏﺮۤﺯ.
ﺍﻷﺣٔﺪ :ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺣﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻛﻤـﺎ ﰲ
ﺃَﺣﺮﻕ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺣﺮﻕ ﺍﳊﻄﺐ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻭﻗﻮﺩﺍً. ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ ﻗﺼﺔ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ
ﺍﷲ ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ .ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃَﻭﳍﺎ ﺍﻷﺣﺪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳊﻤّﻰ ﺍﶈٕﺮْﻗٔﺔ.
ﻭﻗﺼﺔ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﻘﺔ ﺫﻛﺮﺎ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻵﺛـﺎﺭ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺘﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻤﻰ ﺍﶈﺮﻗﺔ. ﺍﻵﺛﻮﺭﻳﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ " :ﺃﺻﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ ".
ﺃﺣﺮٔﻡ :ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻓﻘﻬﻲ :ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﳊَﺮَﻡ ،ﺣَﺮُﻡ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺗﻘﺪﺱ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺣﺪ -
ﺍﳊﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺘﻤِﺮ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺒﻞُ ﺣﻼﻻً :ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﳌَﺨﻴﻂ ﻭﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ٣ﺹ - ٣٣٤ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﻪ :ﺍﳊﺪ.
ﻣﺎ ﳛﺮُﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌُﺤﺮِﻡ ،ﺃَﺣﺮﻡ ﺍﳌﺼِﻠّﻲ :ﺩﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺑﺘﻜﺒﲑﺓ
ﺍﻹﺣﺮﺍﻡ ،ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻷﺎ ﲤﻨﻌﻪ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣٕﻦْ ﻗٔﺪﱠﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺖ ﻟٕﻘِﻲ ﺍﻷﺣﺪ ﻗﺪﺍﻣﻮ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺇﺣﺮﺍﻡ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒّﺎﺩ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑْﺘﺨﺴۤﻞ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻭﺭﺍ
ﺑﻌﻀﺎ ﺑﺘﺘْﺰَﻧْﻜﻦَ.
ﺃَﺣٔﺲّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺣﺲّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺑﻪ :ﻋﻠﻤﻪ ﺑﺄَﺣـﺪ
ﺣﻮﺍﺳﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً :ﺣٔﺲّ. ﺍﻷﺣَﺪّ :ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﱠ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻒَ ﻭﳓـﻮﻩ:
ﺷﺤﺬﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺴﺤﻪ ﲟﱪﺩ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ ﻟﲑﻕّ ﺣﺪّﻩ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺣﺴٔﺎﺱ ﻭﺇﺣﺴٔﺎﺳٔﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴۤﻒ ﺃَﺣﺪّ ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻴۤﻒ.
ﺍﻹٕﺣﺴَﺎﻥ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ،ﲰﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﺟﺎﺭَﻭﻫﻢ. ﺍﻷﺣْﺪَﺏ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺧﺮﺝ ﻇﻬﺮﻩ ﻭﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﺑﻄﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﻨﺒﻮﺭ.
- ٧٢ -
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﳌﺎﻝ ﺍﻤﻮﻉ ،ﺃﻧـﺎ ﺍﻹٕﺣﺴَﺎﻥ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺁﺣﺴـﺎﻧﻚ ،ﺃﻭ ﺯَ ّ
ﻱ
ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻨّﻲ ﺇٕﻥ ﺷﻔﺖ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻨّﻲ ﻻﺗﺎﻛﻠﲏ )ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﺁﺣﺴﺎﻧَﻚ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺮﻭﻯ ﺁﺣﺴﺎﻧﻚ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺴـﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃـﺐ
ﻗﺎﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﻔْﺮﺍﰐ :ﻭﻟﻚ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻫﻮﻥ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻛﻼﻣﻲ ﻣـﻊ ﺍﻷﺯﻏـﺮ ﺑﺈﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﺗﺄﺩﺑﺎً.
ﻣﲏ( ،ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﺻﱯ ﺣﺼﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻨّﺎ ،ﺻﺪﻓۤﺔ
ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻴﻌﺎﺩ ،ﻛﻠﻤۤﺔ ﻧﻀﻴﻔۤﺔ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺪۤﺓ ﻭﺳـﺨﺔ، ﺃَﺣْﺴَﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳊَﺴَﻦ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ :ﺃﺗﻘﻨـﻪ،
ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻌﺮﻓﻮ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﺪّﻙ ﺗﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺃﺣﺴـﻦ ﻣـﺎﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﻻ: ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺃﺳﺎﺀ.
ﻛﺶ ﺍﺿﺮﺑﺎ ﺍﻛﺴﻮﺭ ﺃٕﺟﺮﺍ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻚ :ﺍﳉﻮﻋﺎﻥ ﺃﺣﺴـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻻ ﻟﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﻻ ﺇﺣﺴﺎﻥ.
ﻣﺎﻟﺸﺒﻌﺎﻥ ﻻﺗﺼﺪﻕ ،ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭۤﺓ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻔﺮﻭۤﺓ.
ﺍﻷﺣْﺴَﻦ :ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺣَﺴُـﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻭﻳﻠﻬﻢ[ :ﺣﺴﻦ ﻳﻼﻗﻲ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺃۤﻳﻪ ﺣﺴـﻦ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟَﻤُﻞ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺣﺎﺳِﻦ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ.
ﺃﺣﺴﻦ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺎ ﰲ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﺍﻷﻋﺴَﻦ.
ﺍﻷﺣﺸﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻻﺣﺸﺎﺀ -ﻭﺗﻘﺼـﺮ :-ﻣـﺎ
ﺍﻧﻀﻤﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻠﻮﻉ ،ﻣﻔﺮﺩﻫﺎ :ﺍﳊﺸﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺗّﻖِ ﺷﺮﱠ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺴﻨﺖَ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ )ﻋﺮﰊ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻠﻔﻈﻪ( ،ﺍﻟﺮﻣَﺪ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﻤﻰ ،ﺍﳌﺒﺸﻜﺮ ﺃﺣﺴـﻦ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺣﺸﺎﺀ. ﻣﺎﻷﻋﻤﻰ ،ﺍﷲ ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻄـﺮﺡ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻮﺻـﻠﻮ ﺑﺄﺣﺴـﻦ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﻟﺐ ﺃﺣﺸﺎﺋﻲ )ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻩ :ﻳﺎﺻﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺘﺎﻥ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﺍﳌﺮﺑﻮﻁ.
ﻗﻠﱯ ﻭﺑﺎﻃﻨﻪ :ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﺍﺷﺘﻤﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺣﺸﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﻼﺕ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻔﻮﺵ ﺭﻭ ﺭﻗّﻊ
ﺟﺮﺍﺑَﻚ ﺍﳌﺒﺨﻮﺵ ،ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻞ ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﺴﻤﻚ ﻻ
ﺃﺣﺼٔﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻋﺪّ ،ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﳓﺼﻰ.
ﻳﺒﺎﻥ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﻷﺑﺸﻊ ﻣﻨﻮ ،ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠۤﺎﺏ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﺷﺘﻘﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺪّ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺼﻰ ﻷﻧـﻪ ﲪّﻮﺭ ،ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﺓ ﻟﻘﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺩﺓ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻣۤـﺔ ﺩﺍﺭۤﺕ ﺩﺍﺭۤﺕ
ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻲ. ﻣﺎﺷﺎﻓۤﺖ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﺧﺎ ،ﺍﳌﺎﺵ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻼﺵ )ﺃﺻـﻠﻪ:
ﺳﺄﻟۤﺖ ﻣﺮﺍ ﺟﺎﺭﺗﺎ:
ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺪّ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ PSIPHIZEIN :ﻣﺸـﺘﻖ ﻣـﻦ
PSEPHOSﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﳊﺼﺎﺓ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﺪّ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﻣـﻦ -ﺃﺷﻮ ﻋﺸﺎﻛﻦ؟
CALCULAREﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻣﻦ CALCULUSﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳊﺼﺎﺓ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
-ﻛﺮﻛﻮﺩۤﻩ
ﺍﻹﺣﺼﺎﺀ :ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ
STATISTIQUEﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ. -ﻓُﻮ ﺃۤﻉ!
- ٧٣ -
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﻭﺇﺣﺼﺎﺀﺍﺗﻨﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﺘﻨﺎ ﻋﻬﺪﻫﺎ ﺱ .١٩٦٠
ﺃﺣﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻜّﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺴﻞِ. ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺃﺣﻠﻰ ﻣﺺِ ﺷﻔﺎﻳﻔﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ :ﺱ ٤١ﺹ : ٨٢١ﺍﻹﺣﺼﺎﺀ ﻗﺪﳝ ﺎً ﻭﺣﺪﻳﺜ ﺎً .
ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺍﺣﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴَﻬَﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴۤﻞ! ﺷﻴۤﻞ ﻳﺎﲨّﺎﻝ! ﺷﻴۤﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺢ ﺳﻴّۤﺪ ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒّﺪ[ :ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺍﺣﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓِ ﻋﺎﻟﻨﱯ. ﺍﻷﺣَﻞّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻐﻠۤﺔ ﺃﺣﻞّ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﻴﺐ ﺃٕﻣﻚ
ﻟﺘﻤﻚ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣَﻞﱠ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺪ ﺣﺮُﻡ.
ﺍﻻﺣْﻠﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺭﺍﺳﻮ ﺃﺣﻠﺲ ،ﻣﺎﻓﻴﻪ ﺷﻌﺮ،
ﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺣﻠﺲ ﻣﺎﻳﻔﻴﺪ ﺧﻠﻮ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﺣْﻠﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻼ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻـﺎﺭ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣَﻠَﺖَ ﺭﺃﺳَﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ،ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻑَ ﻋـﻦ ﺣﻠﻮﺍً.
ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺓ :ﻧﺘﻔﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺣﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻜّﺮ ،ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺴﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺣﻠﺲ .
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺃﺵ ﰲ ﺃﺣﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺴـﻞ؟
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺣﻠﺲ ﺃﻣﻠﺲ ﻣﺎﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻨَﻤَﺼَﺔ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺍﳋﻞّ ﺑﺒﻼﺵ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺃﺵ ﰲ ﺃﺣﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﳊﻼﻭۤﺓ؟ ﻗـﺎﻝ
ﻟﻮ :ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻭۤﺓ.
ﺍﻹٕﺣﻠﻴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﺣﻠﻴﻞ :ﺛﻘﺐ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﻀﻮ ﻛﻠﻪ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﻛﺤﻼ ! ﻣﻦ ﺗٕﻤّـۤﻚ ﺃﺣﻠﻰ.
ﺃٕﺣٕﻢ :ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﻝ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ.
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ﺃﲪﺪ ﺯَﻫﺮٔﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻧﲔ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﰲ ﺻـﺪﺭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺮﺩﻓﻮﻥ ﺍﺣﻢ ﺑﻘـﻮﳍﻢ :ﺭﺯّ ﺑﻠﺤـﻢ ،ﻭﻗـﺪ
ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻳﻀﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺘﻔﻪ ﺍﻷﻳﺴﺮ ﻓﻴﻠﺘﻔﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲔ. ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺟﻴﺠۤﺔ ﻃﻮٓﺯَﻩ ﻧﻘﺮﺕ ﺟﻮٓﺯﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺧﲑﻭ.
ﺍﻷﲪﺪﻳّۤﺔ :ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻷﲪﺪﻳـﺔ ،ﻭﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒـﺔ ﻭﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ .AHEM
ﺍﻷﲪﺪﻳﺔ ﺃﻏﲎ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺧﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺣﻲ ﺍﳉﻠـﻮﻡ،
ﻭﻧﻘﻠﺖ ﻣﻊ ﻛﻞ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﻑ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺷـﺮﻓﻴﺔ، ﺑﻴۤﺖ ﺍﻷٕ ْﺣﻤَﺎ :ﻭﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺗﺴﻬّﻞ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ :ﺑﻴﺖ
ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻬﺎ. ﺍﲪﺎ ﻋٕﻤَﺮ ﻭﺑﻴۤﺖ ﺍﲪﺎﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﲪﺎﺀ :ﲨﻊ ﺣَﻤْـﻮ:
ﺃﻗﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳊﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺇﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ ﻭﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ . ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ :ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ.
ﺍﻷﲪﺪﻳّﺔ :ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻨﺴﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ. ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺍﻷٕﲪﺎ ﻭﺣﺪﻫﺎ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﺑﻴۤـﺖ ﺍﻻﲪـﺎ
ﺍﻷﲪﺪﻳّـۤﺔ :ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺃﻧﺸﺄﻫﺎ ﻣﲑﺯﺍ ﻏـﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻻﲪﺎ ﻭﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻷﲪﺎ ﻭﺁﻭﻻﺩ ﺍﻷﲪﺎ.
ﺃﲪﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻗﺎﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺠـﺎﺏ ﰲ ﺍﳍﻨـﺪ ﺱ ١٨٩٩ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲪﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺩّﻋﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﻈﺮ ،ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻴﻤﻪ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﻖ ﺑـﲔ ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ،ﳍﺎ ﻣﺒﺸﺮﻭﻥ ﻭﳍﺎ ﺃﻧﺼﺎﺭ ﻛﺜﲑﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺑﺎﻛﺴـﺘﺎﻥ، ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺣْﻤﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﺼـﻬﺮ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـﺔ:
ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﺣْﻤَﺎ.
ﺍﻷﺣْﻤٔﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴـﺒﻌﺔ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﻣﺮﺍ! ﻣﻦ ﻋﻼّﻛﻲ؟ ﻣـﻮ ﺟـﻮﺯۤﻙ
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻗﻞ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻒ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﻜﺴﺎﺭ. ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﲪﺎﻛﻲ؟ ﺃﺟﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻨّﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺷﺎﺑَﻬۤﺖ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺁﲪﺎﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻧﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺣُﻤْـﺮ ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻻﻳﻮﺭّﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻠّۤﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﺬﻟۤﺔ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻀﻤّﺔ. ﻭﻻ ﺟﻮﺭ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻷٕﲪﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲪﺮﺍ . ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ ﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﻣﻌﺎ ﻣـﻦ
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃﺑﻮّﺍ ﻋﺠﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺗﻠﺰﻗﺎ ﲝﻴﻂ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺁﲪﺎﻫﺎ ﺗﺘﻠﺰّﻕ ﻫﻴّﻪ ﻣَﺤّﺎ ):
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺃﲪﺮﺍﱐ.
ﻣﻌﻬﺎ(.
ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺮ :ﺑﺎﻟﻌﲔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻛﻬﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺛﻮﻟﻴـﻚ ﲝﻠـﺐ ﺱ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﲪﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ ،ﻓﻴﺼﻴﻐﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ :١٩٢٥ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺟﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﻭﻭﺟﺪ ﺃﺣﺪ
ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺃﻓﻌَﻞ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺃﲪﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺁﲪﺎﻫﺎ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﳍﺎ ﺫﻫﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺆﺗﻰ ﺃﻛﻞ ﻭﺷﺮﺏ
ﻣﻨّﻚ ﻣﺎﺷﺎﻓﺖ ﻋﻴﲏ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﻠﺖ " ﺃﲪﺮ " ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠـﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﺤﻤّﺎﻡ...
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭﻳّﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﻬﻢ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ " ﻧﻮﺑﺔ " .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ .
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ﺪﻟﻮ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﺍﲪﺮّ ﻭﺟﻮّ ) :ﺧﺠﻞ(. ﻭﻳﺰﻋﻢ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳊَﻨَﺶ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺷﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻻۤﺑۤﺲ
ﺃﲪﺮ ﺑﻠﺤﻘﻮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﻔﻮﺍ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺸﻠﺢ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﻭﻳﺰﺗّﻮ.
ﺍﻷﺣَﻤﺮﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺮﻧـﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﺗﺰﺩﻫﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﲪـﺮ ،ﻟـﺬﺍ
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﲡﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴﲔ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻎ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻷﺣْﻤٔﺾ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣَﻤِﺾ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﻢُ :ﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻑ ﻭﺑﻪ ﲰﺎﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻥ " ﻓﻴﻨﻴﻚ " ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﻷﲪـﺮ ﺃﻱ:
ﺣﺎﻣِﻀﺎً.
ﺑﺎﺋﻌﻲ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ .ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﻳﺆﺛﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺠﻬﻴﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﲪٔﺾ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻨٕﺪﻙ ﺻٕﺐّ. ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺗﻠﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﳉﻠﻮﺩ ،ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺜﻰ ﺣﺸﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻣﺰ.
ﺍﻷﺣْﻤٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﲪﻖ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ: ﻭﻳﺄﺛﺮﻭﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻗﻮﳍـﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﱪﻳـﺖ ﺍﻷﲪـﺮ
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ. ﻛﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﺃﻧﺪﺭ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﱪﻳﺖ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺃﺧﺪﺕ ﻣﻨﻮ ﻻ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﻻ ﺃﲪﺮ
)ﺃﻭ ﻭﻻ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ( ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﱂ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ
ﺍﻷﺣَﻦّ :ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻦّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﺎﻗـﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﳓﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺫﻫﺒﻴﺔ.
ﻧﻔﺴﻪُ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺃﺷﻔﻖ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﲞﺎﻓﻮ ﻣﻨﻮ ﺍﳋﻮﻑ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ،ﺑﺪّﻭ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﺃﺣﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻟﺪﺍ. ﻳﺸﻮﻑ ﺍﳌﻮﺕ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ )ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺧﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﻔﻀﻞ ﺹ :١٣٨ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ
ﻋﺒﻴﺪﺓ :ﻣﻌﲎ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ " :ﺍﳌﻮﺕ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ " ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺪﺭ ﺑﺼﺮُ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﺃَﺣْﻨَﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺣﲎ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺣﻨﺎ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻮﻝ ﻓﲑﻯ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺳﻮﺩﺍﺀ(.
ﺭﺃﺳﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻟﺒّۤﺲ ﺍﻷﲰﺮ ﺃﲪﺮ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺎﻙ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ
ﺃَﺣْﻮٔﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺣﻮﺟﻪ ﺇﱃ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺟﻌﻠـﻪ ﺫﺍ
ﻭﻟﺒّۤﺲ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻭﺁﻗﺼﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻷﲪٔﺮ :ﻗﻴﻞ :ﲰﻲ ﺑﺎﻷﲪﺮ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﺍﻷﺣْﻮٔﺝ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺣﻮﺝ ﺃﻟﻮ ﻣﻨّﻚ:
ﲡﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ "ﺑﻼﺩ ﺃَﺩﻭٓﻡ " ﺑﺎﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻌـﲎ ﺃﺩﻭﻡ:
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺝ ﻳَﺤﻮﺝ ﻭﻳَﺤﻴﺞ :ﺍﻓﺘﻘﺮ.
ﺍﻷﲪﺮ.
ﺃَﺣﻴﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺣﻴـﺎً ،ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽَ:
ﺃﲪٔﺮ ﺩَﻧَﺐ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﺎﺀَﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞَ :ﺳﻬﺮﻩ.
ﺍٕﺣْﻤٔﺮّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﲪﺮﱠ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃﲪﺮ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺇﺣﻴﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓـﻼﻥ ﺍﲪـﺮّۤﺕ ﻋﻴﻨـﻮ ﻣﻨّـﻚ
ﺃٔﺥّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ - :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻌﺠﺒﻮﺍ :-ﺃٔﺥْ ﺃٔﺥْ ! ﺃٕﺷّﻮ
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻏﻀﺐ ﻭﺣﻘﺪ(.
ﻫٔﺎﺩ.
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ﻭﻟﻴﺖ ﺷﻌﺮﻱ ﰈ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻳﻨﻴﺨـﻮﻥ ﺇﺑﻠـﻬﻢ؟ ﻭﻗﻠﻴﻼ ﻳﻨﻴﺒﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺁﺥ ﺍﳌﻤﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻌﻴـﺔ
ﺃﺩﻭﻥ ﺻﻮﺕ؟ ﻧﺴﺘﺒﻌﺪﻩ ،ﺃﺩﻭﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ؟ ﻧﺴﺘﺒﻌﺪﻩ ،ﻟِـﻢَ ﻣﻨﺎﺏ ﺃٔﺥ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﳌﻴﺔ.
ﺇﺫﻥ ﱂ ﺗﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ؟ ﻗﺼﻮﺭ :ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻗﺼـﻮﺭﻫﺎ
ﰲ " ﺁ " :ﺭﺩّ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺩﺭﻳﺪ :ﺃﺥْ :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺍﻟﺘـﺄﻭّﻩ،
ﻭﺃﺣﺴﺒﻬﺎ ﳏﺪﺛﺔ.
ﺍﻷﺥّ :ﻳﺸﺪّﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﳋﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﻢ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ،ﺇﻻ
ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ :ﺃﺧﻮﻱ ﺃﺧﻮ ﺣﺴﲔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻻﺗﺸـﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﺇﻻ ﻭﰲ " ﺫﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻴﺢ " ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻓّﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩﻱ :ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻋﻨﺪ
ﺍﻟﺘﺄﱂ :ﺃﺡْ :ﲝﺎﺀ ﻣﻬﻤﻠﺔ ،ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺃَﺥ ﻓﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻢ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻐﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ :ﺃﺏّ.
ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺩﺭﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﱯ ﻗـﺎﻝ :ﻳﻘـﺎﻝ :ﺃﺥّ: ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ " ﻣﱳ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ " ﺫﻛﺮ " ﺃﺥ " ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
)ﻣﺜﻘﻞ( ﻭﺃﺧّﺔ) :ﻣﺜﻘﻞ( ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺩﺭﻳﺪ :ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﺩﺭﻯ ﻣﺎ ﺻﺤﺘﻪ، ﺗﻮﺟﻊ ﻭﺗﺄﻭّﻩ ﻭﺗﻜﺮّﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﻆ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺰﻥ.
ﻭﺍﻷﺥ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻟﺪﻩ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ. ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺁﺥ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺟﻊ ﻭﻣﺪّﻫﺎ ﺇﻳﺬﺍﻥ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﻃﺎﻝ،
ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﻜﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺻﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪﻫﻢ ﻭﺃﺥ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺠﺐ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ ﻻﳝﻬﻞ ﺃﻥ ﳕﺪّ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﻭﻛﺎﻧـﺖ
ﺧﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﺥ. ﺇﻳﺦ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻬﺰﺍﺋﻲ ،ﻛﺄﳕﺎ ﻛﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ
ﺗﺴﻔّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﲎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺇﻳﺦ ﻭﺁﺥ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﺪّﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺐ ﻳﻌﺘﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺿﺎﻉ:
ﻓﻤﻦ ﺭﺿﻊ ﻣﻌﻚ ﺃﺧﻮﻙ :ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻧﱴ ﻻ ﳛﻞّ ﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻭﺝ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ " ﺃﻭٓﻙ " ﻭﺗﺮﻛﺦ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﻓﺘﻠﻔﻆ ﺧﺎﺀ
ﻣﻨﻬﺎ. ﻭﺗﺼﺒﺢ " ﺃٓﻭﺥ " :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﻜﺮّﻩ ﻭﺗﺄﻭّﻩ ﻭﺗﻮﺟﻊ.
ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻷﺥ :ﺍﻷﺧﺖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺃَﻣﺎ ﺃٕﺥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺧﺨﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺪﺓ
ﺇﺷﻌﺎﺭﺍً ﻟﻠﺠَﻤَﻞ ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺎﺧﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻭﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﺍﳋﺎﻃﻔﺔ ﻫـﻲ
ﻭﻣﺜﻨﺎﻩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺧﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺃﺧﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ: ﻋﺼﺎ ﻗﺮﻉ ﻃﺒﻞ ﺍﳋﺎﺀ ﻫﺬﻩ ،ﺃﻭ ﻗﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﻬﻢ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻳﺘﻮﺻﻞ
ﺃٔﺧﻴّۤﻦ. ﺑﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﻖ ﺑﺎﳋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ.
ﻭﲨﻊ ﺍﻷﺥ :ﺇﺧﻮﺓ ﻭﺃُﺧﻮﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﰲ ﻭﲰﻌﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﺰﻭ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺃﺥ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﱂ ﻻﺳﺘﻨﺠﺎﺩﻩ
ﻛﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﲡﻤﻊ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﻋﻠـﻰ :ﺇﺧـﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺄﺧﻴﻪ :ﺃﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ.
ﻭﺃُﺧﻮﺍﻥ ،ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﺎﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ ،ﻭﻗـﺪ
ﻳﺴﻬﻠﻮﻥ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ :ﻳﺎ ﺁﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺎ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﻼ. ﺃٕﺥ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺻﻮﺕ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻭﻟّﺪﻭﻩ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺧـﺔ
ﻟﻺﻧﺎﺧﺔ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ -ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳉﻤّﺎﻝ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺇﻧﺎﺧـﺔ
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺧﺎ ،ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ: ﲨﻠﻪ ﻳﺮﺑﺖ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﺒﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﺻﺎﺋﺤﺎً) :ﺃٕﺥ ﻳﻪَ(.
ﺧﻮﺕ.
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-ﺇﻯ ﻭﺍﷲ ،ﺍﻟﻜﻒ ﺍﻟﻼ ﻳﻌﺪَﻡ. ﻭﻣﺼﻐﺮﻩ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺧﻲ ،ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ﲞﻴّﻮٓ!
-ﺍﻷﺥّ ﺍﻟﻼ ﻳٕﻔﻘَﺪ. ]ﻭﻳﺮﺩﻋﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳋﺼﻢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺧﻴّﻮٓ! ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺗﺒﻘﻰ
ﲣﻮﻱ ﻭﺗﻌﻮﻱ) ،ﺃﻱ :ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺧﺎ ﻟﻠﻜﻠﺐ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻭﺓ ﺑﺘﺪﻓﻴّﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻣﺮﺕ ﺍﻷﺥ
ﺑﺘﻠﻔﻴّﺎ. ﻭﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻭﺍﻭﻩ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ :ﺃﺧﻮ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻭﺃﺧـﻮﻱ
ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻧﺎ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻙ ،ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻛﻲ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻛﻦ ،ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻩ ﻭﺃﺧـﻮّﺍ )ﺃﻭ
ﻭﻳﻮﳘﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﳉﻬﻠﺔ :ﻫﺎﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻝ
ﺃﺧﻮﻫﺎ( ﻭﺃﺧﻮّٓﻥ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﺧﻮﻫﻦ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺧﻮ.
ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻭۤﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺰَﻣﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺎﺩ :ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺯﺗّﻮﻩ ﺃﺧﻮﺗﻮ
ﰲ ﺍﳉﺐ ،ﻭﺍﺟﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﻼ :ﻳﺎﻧﺎﺭ ﻛﻮﱐ ﺑﺮﺩﺍً ﻭﺳﻼﻣﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺗﻠﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﻣﺎﳊﻘﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻴـﺎﺀ :ﺧـﺎﻱ،
ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ. ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ :ﺧﺎﻱ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬـﺎ ﺗﻘـﻮﻝ:
ﺃﺧﻲ .ﻭﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺥ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺁﺧﺎﻩ :ﺍﲣﺬﻩ ﺃﺧﺎً ﻭﻣﺜﻠـﻬﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﺃٕﺧﻮﺓ ﻭﲢﺎﺳﺒﻮﺍ ﻋﺎﳊﻖ.
ﻟﻐﺔ ﻭﺍﺧﺎﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺧﺎﻭﺍﻩ ﻭﺧﻮّﺍﻩ .ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻛﺘـﺎﺏ "
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﺥّ ﻓﺦّ ،ﺍﻷﺥ ﺟْﻨﺎﺡ. ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺮﺍﺕ " ﻟﻠﺤﺴﻴﲏ :ﺍﻷﺥ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺧِﻴّﺔ :ﺍﻟﻮﺗﺪ ﻳﺸﺪ ﺑﻪ
ﺍﳋﻴﻞ ،ﻛﺄﻥ ﺍﻷﺥ ﻣﺸﺪﻭﺩ ﺑﺄﺧﻴﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﻜﺘﺐ ﻟﻚ ﺍﻷﺥّ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﻣـﺎﻟﻮ ﺃﺥ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ
ﺍﻷﺧﺎ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺥ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ،ﺗـﺮﺩ ﺣﻴـﺚ ﺑﺎﻷﺥ :ﺍﳌﺜﻴﻞ(.
ﻳﺴﺘﺪﻋﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻊ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺣـﺎٓ) :ﺑﺎﳊـﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠـﺔ( ،ﻭﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺟﺎﺭٔﻙ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺃﺧٔـﺎﻙ :ﺇﻥ ﻣﺎﺷـﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺣﺎ.
ﻭﭼّﻚ ﺑﺸﻮﻑ ﻗﻔﺎﻙ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃﺡ :ﺍﻷﺥ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(.
ﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ :ﺳﻔﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﻔﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧﻮ.
ﺃٔﺧْﺒٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧﱪﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺃﻋﻠﻤﻪ
ﺇﻳﺎﻩ ﻭﺃﻧﺒﺄﻩ ﺑﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺧٔﺒٔﺮ. ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧـﻮ ،ﻭﰲ
ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﺃﺥ )ﺑﺎﳋﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻤﺔ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﺇﺧﺒﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺇﺧﺒﺎﺭﻳﺎﺕ.
ﻭﺍﻷﺥ ﻟﻘﺐ ﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻫﺒﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻷٕﺧْﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧﺖ :ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻷﺥ ،ﻭﳌﺎ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺥ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﺍﻷﺧـﺖ ﲟﻌـﲎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺍﻷﺥّ ﺃٕﻻّ ﺍﻷﻧﻔﻊ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ:
ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻴﻬﺔ ،ﰒ ﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺥ ﻟﻘﺒﺎً ﻟﻄﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻫﺒـﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ﻻ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺍﻷﻧﻔﻊ؟ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ ﺑﻔﺮّۤﻕ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺥ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻩ.
ﺍﻷﺧﺖ ﻟﻘﺒﺎً ﻟﻄﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻫﺒﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻝ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻫﺪﻯ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺁﺧـﺮ
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺧٔﻮٔﺍﺕ. ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻗﺎﻝ:
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ﺍٕﺧْﺘٔﺎﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭﻩ :ﺍﺻـﻄﻔﺎﻩ ،ﺍﻧﺘﻘـﺎﻩ، ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺧﺖ ،ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺫﺧﺮﻩ. ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺧﻮﺍﺕ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻱ. ﻭﻳﺼﻐﺮﻭﻥ ﺃٕﺧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺧﻴّۤﺔ ،ﻓﻴﻘﺎﻝ :ﺧﻴّۤﺔ ﳏﻤـﺪ
ﻭﺧﻴﱵ ﻭﺧٔﻴّۤﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﺧْٔﻴﺘﻚ ﻭﺧٔﻴﺘۤﻚ ﻭﺧٔﻴّﺘٕﻜٓﻦ ﻭﺧٔﻴﺘﻮ ﻭﺧٔﻴْﺘـﺎ )ﺃﻭ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳋﲑ ﰲ ﻣﺎﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﷲ )ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ
ﺧٔﻴّﺘٕﻬﺎ( ﻭﺧْٔﻴﺘٓﻦ )ﺃﻭ ﺧٔﻴّۤﺘﻬٓﻦ(.
ﺑﻠﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ،ﻭﰲ ﺣﻜﻢ ﳒﺪ :ﺍﳋﲑﺓ ﰲ ﻣﺎﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﷲ(.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﺼﻐﲑ ﺃﺧﱵ :ﺧﺘﻴﱵ.
ﺍٕﺧْﺘَﺒَﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺄ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ -ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ
:-ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺮ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺳﺘﺮﻩ ،ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﲣﺒّﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃﺣﻮٓﺕ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(.
ﺍٕﺧْﺘﺒٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﱪﻩ :ﺍﻣﺘﺤﻨﻪ ﻭﺟﺮّﺑﻪ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺣﺘﺎ ﻭﺣﺘﻨﺎ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(.
ﺍٕﺧْﺘَﺘَﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺑﻠﻎ ﺁﺧﺮَﻩ ،ﺃﻋﻠـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻼﻋﺒﻮﻥ :ﺑَـﺮﰐ ﻭﺍٕﺧﺘـﺎ
ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀَﻩ ،ﻧﻘﻴﺾ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺤﻪ. )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻭﻣﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﺘﺎﻡ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﺧﻠﻖ ﺃﺧﺘﲔ ﻣـﺎﺧﻠﻖ ﲞـﺘﲔ،
ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮﺯ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻝ :ﴰﺲ ﺷﺒﺎﻁ ﻟﻜﻨﱵ ﻭﴰﺲ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻷﺧﱵ ﻭﴰﺲ
ﺍٕﺧْﺘٔﺮٔﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘًﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺑﺘﺪﻋﻪ.
ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﻟﺒﻨﱵ - ،ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁﺩﺍﺭ )ﺣﻴﺚ ﺷﺮﺣﻨﺎﻩ( -ﺧﻮﺩ ﺃﺧﱵ ﻋـﲏ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻉ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻋﺎﺕ. ﻭﺧﻮﺩ ﲪﻼ ﻣﲏ )ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻉ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻗﻠـﻊ ﻣﺎﲜﺎﻧـﺐ
ﺍﻟﺸﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﺘﺰﺩﺍﺩ ﻗﻮﺓ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ ﺃٕﻡ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺮﺍﻉ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻋﺎ ﺑﺘﺘﻜﻨّﻰ ﺑﺸﻌﺮ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺃﺧﺘﺎ،
ﺍٕﺧﺘﺮﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻕ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﺎﺭُ ﺍﳋﺸـﺐَ: ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻃﻠّﻘﺎ ﻭﺧﻮﺩ ﺃﺧﺘﺎ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﻨﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺘﲔ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻭ
ﻧﻔﺬ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﻓﻼﻧۤﺔ ﻓﺮﺩۤﺓ ﻣﺎﻻ ﺃﺧﺖ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻓﺮﺩﺓ ﺣﺬﺍﺀ(.
ﺃﺧﺘﺮﻳﻦ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣـﻦ ﳏﻄـﺎﺕ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﺧﻮ ﺃﺧﺘﻮ ﻳﻔﻘۤﺲ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﺧﺘـﻮ
ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﺭ. ﺑﺘﻌﺸﻘﻮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﻄﻠﺲ :ﺹ ٤٧ﻭ .٤٨ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺳﺮﺳﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ :ﻛﻞ ﻋﻘﺪﺓ
ﺃﳒﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺍٕﺧﺘﺎ.
ﺍٕﺧْﺘَﺰَﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺧـﺰﺍﻩ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﻔّﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻫﻮﺍﻩ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺧَـﺰﻱ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣـﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ
ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻴﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺰﻯ.
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ﺍٕﺧْﺘٔﻂّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻂ ﺍﻷﺭﺽَ :ﺟﻌـﻞ ﳍـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺧﺘﺰِﻱ ﺑﻘَﻰ ﻳﺎﻭﻟﺪ ! ﻛﻮ ﺑَﺴﺎﻭﻱ
ﺣﺪﻭﺩﺍً ،ﺧُﻄّﺔً :ﺍﺗّﺨﺬﻫﺎ ﻭﻋﻴّﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ. ﺃﺩﻧَﻲ ﻭﺃﺩﻧﻴﻚ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ.
ﺍٕﺧﺘٔﻄﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻄﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﺬﺑـﻪ ﺍﻻٕﺧﺘﺰﺍﻝ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻟﻺﳚﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﰲ
ﻭﺃﺧﺬﻩ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ. ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺣﱴ ﲡﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻹﻟﻘﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﳜﺘـﺰﻝ ﺑﻌـﺾ
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺋﺘﺎﺕ ﻷﺎ ﻫﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻻﺣﻴّﺰ ﳍﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﳐـﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﳊـﺮﻭﻑ،
ﺍٕﺧﺘﻔَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻔـﻰ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﺧﻔـﻲ
ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺼﺖ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻷﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﺎً ،ﻭﺳـﺎﺩ ﺍﻻﺧﺘـﺰﺍﻝ ﰲ
ﻭﺗﻮﺍﺭَﻯ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺘﺮ.
ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺎﺕ :ﺃﻧﺼﺎﻑ ﺍﻷﺻﻮﺍﺕ ،ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﻻﺧﺘـﺰﺍﻝ ﻣﻘﺎﺑـﻞ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻔﺎ. ﻛﻠﻤﺔ .STÉNOGRAPHIGﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺳﻴﺘﻨﻮ ﻛﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﻠّﻖ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﻮﻥ ﺍﺧﺘﻔﻰ ﻛﺄﻧﻮ ﻓﺺ ﺍٕﺧﺘﺴﻞ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻏﺘﺴﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻏﺴﻞ ﺑﺪﻧـﻪ.
ﻣﻠﺢ ﻭﺩﺍﺏ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲣﺴﻞ ﻭﺧﺴﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﻜﺘِﻔﻲ ﻣَﻠۤﻚ )ﺃﻭ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ( ﳐﺘﻔﻲ، ﺍٕﺧْﺘَﺶّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺷﺎﻑ ﻋﺪﻭّﻭٓ ﺍﺧﺘﺶ ﻭﻭﻗّٔﻒ
ﺗﻼﺗۤﺔ ﻣﺎﲞﺘﻔﻮﺍ :ﺍﳊﺐّ ﻭﺍﳊَﺒَﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻛﻮﺏ ﻋﺎﳉَﻤَﻞ. ﺷﻌﺮ ﺟﺴﺪﻭ .ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺸﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﺍٕﺧْﺘَﻞّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻞﱠ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﻭَﻫَـﻦ ﻭﻓَﺴَـﺪ ﺍٕﺧﺘﺸﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺸﻲ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﲟﻌﲎ
ﻭﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ :ﺍﺧﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡُ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻞّ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞُ. ﺧﺎﻑ ،ﻭﱂ ﺗﺮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﺸﻰ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﳐﺘـﻞ ﺍﻟﺸـﻌﻮﺭ، ﺍٕﺧْﺘٔﺺّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﺺ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩ ﺑـﻪ،
ﺍﺧﺘﻞّ ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻧﻮ ،ﺍﺧﺘﻠّﺖ ﺃﻣﻮﺭﻭ. ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺼﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺧﺼّﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺁﺛﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑﻩ ﻭﺃﻓﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍٕﺧْﺘَﻠَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩ ﺑﻪ -ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ :ﺍﻻﻧﺼﺮﺍﻑ ﺇﱃ ﻓﺮﻉ ﻣﻌﻴّﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ
ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺠﺪ .- ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ.
ﻭﻧﺒﻪ ﻧﺎﻗﺪ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻴﻪ ﱂ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ،ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻴّـﻪ: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ.
ﺧﻠﻮﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﻣﻌﻪ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩ ﺑﻪ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﻣﱳ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ .-
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ[ :ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺑُﻠّﻐﺖ ﻛﻞ ﺩﺍﺋـﺮﺓ
ﺍٕﺧﺘﻠﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﺞ :ﲢﺮّﻙ ،ﺍﺿـﻄﺮﺏ، ﻣﺎﳜﺘﺼﻬﺎ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﻣﺎﳜﺼﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﳜﺘﺺ ﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻌﲔُ :ﺍﻧﺘﻔﻀﺖ ﺃﺟﻔﺎﻧُﻬﺎ.
ﺍٕﺧﺘٔﺼٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺮ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ :ﺃﻭﺟـﺰ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻼٔﺝ. ﲝﺬﻑ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖَ :ﺳﻠﻚ ﺃًﻗﺮﺑَﻪ.
ﺍٕﺧﺘﻠَﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﺳـﺘﻠﺒﻪ ﰲ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﺼٔﺎﺭ
ﻏﻔﻠﺔ ﻭﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﻭﳐﺎﺩﻋﺔ. ﻭﳐﺘﺼٔﺮ.
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ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻳﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :ﺧـﺪﱐ ﺍٕﺧﺘﻠﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻂ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻣﺘـﺰﺝ،
ﺧﺪﻧﺎ ﺧﺪﻭٓ ﺧٕﺪﺍ )ﺃﻭ ﺧﺪﻫﺎ( ﻭﺧٕﺪٓﻥ )ﺃﻭ ﺧٕﺪْﻫٓﻦ( .ﻭﻻﻳﺘﺼﻞ ﻋﻘﻠُﻪ :ﻓﺴﺪ.
ﺑﻪ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺐ ،ﻭﻟﻠﺘﻨﺪﺭ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺣﺎﻟﻚ ﻭﺭﻭﺡ،
ﻭﺧﺪﻱ ﺣﺎﻟۤﻚ ﻭﺍﻓﺮﻗﻲ ﲰﺎﻧﺎ ،ﻭﺃۤﳝﺖ ﺑﺪﻛﻦ ﺗﺎﺧﺪﻭ ﺣـﺎﻟﻜﻦ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻁ ﻭﳏﺎﻛﻢ ﳐﺘﻠﻄﺔ.
ﻭﺗﻔﺮﺟﻮﻧﺎ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺃﻛﺘﺎﻓﻜﻦ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻂ ﺍﳊﺎﺑۤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎﺑۤﻞ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﰊ ﻳﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﺪ :ﺧٔﺪﻳۤﺖ ﺍٕﺧﺘﻠﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔﻮﺍ :ﺿـﺪ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻘـﻮﺍ
ﺧﺪﻳۤﻨﺎ ﺧٔﺪﻳۤﺖ )ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻛﺎﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ( ﺧﺪﻳۤﱵ ﺧـﺪﻳۤﺘﻮ ﺃﺧـﺪ ﻭﺍﺗﻔﻘﻮﺍ.
ﺃﺧﺪۤﺕ )ﺃﻭ ﺧٔﺪۤﺕ( ﻭﺧٔﺪﻭﺍ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﺧﺪﻭﺍ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻼٔﻑ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻼٔﻓٔﺎﺕ.
ﻭﺑﺪﻭ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺍٔﺧﺪٓﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻟﻮﻣﺎ ﲣﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻨﻔٓﻖ ﺍﻟﺴٕﻠَﻊ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﻭﺍﻧﺄﺧﺪ.
ﺍٕﺧﺘﻠٔﻖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﺬﺏَ :ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻩ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺧﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺁﺧﺎ :ﺃﺧﺬ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺃﺧﺎ
ﻭﻋﻄﻰ ﻣﻌﻮ. ﺍٕﺧﺘَﻤٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻤـﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺠـﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠـﱭُ
ﻭﻏﲑﳘﺎ :ﺃﺩﺭﻙ ﻓﺼﺎﺭ ﲬﲑﺍً.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺩ :ﺃﺧﺬ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﺎﺯ[ :ﻓﻜﺮ ﳐﺘﻤﺮ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧﻮﺯ ،ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ
ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ :ﺃۤﺣٓﺰ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻤﺎﺭ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃﺣﺰ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺍﻱ( :ﺃﺧﺬ. ﺍٕﺧﺘﻨﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺧﺘﻨﻖ :ﱂ ﻳﻘﻮَ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘـﻨﻔﺲ
ﻓﻤﺎﺕ ،ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺧﻨﻘﻪ .ﺃﺧﻄﺮ ﺃﱂ ﰲ ﺃﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻖ ﻫﻮ ﺍﺧﺘﻨﺎﻕ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃۤﺣﺪ ﻭﺃَﺣۤﺪ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻖ.
ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ( :ﺃﺧﺬ.
ﲪﺼﻲ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻨﻖ ﺳﺄﻟﻮﻩ :ﺃﺵ ﺑﺘﻄﻠـﺐ
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﺭﺍﻳﺢ ﲞﺘﻨﻖ ﻣﺎﳊﺒﻞ ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺷﻴﻠﻮﻩ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﺛﺎﻗﻔﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺃﺧﺪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧـﻪ ﺃٔﺧٔﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧﺬﻩ ﺃﺧﺬﺍً ﻭﺑﻪ :ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﻪ ،ﺣﺎﺯﻩ،
ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺑﲔ... ﺣﺼّﻠﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺧﺪ ﲞﺎﻃﺮﻭ) :ﻋﺰّﺍﻩ( ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧﺬ ﻋﺴﻜﺮ.
ﺧﺎﻃﺮﻭﺍ) :ﻋﺪﻫﺎﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺎﺳّﺔ ﺑﻜﺮﺍﻣﺘﻪ( ،ﺍﷲ ﺃﺧﺪ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺘﻮٓ ،ﺃﺧـﺪ
ﻣﻨﻮ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻬﺪ ،ﺃﺧﺪﻟﻮ ﺭﻗﺪۤﺓ ،ﺍﺧﺪ ﻣﺄﺫﻭﻧﻴّۤﺔ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﻧﻔﺲ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﻣﺘـﻬﺎ:
ﺧﺬ ﻣﺎ ﺻﻔﺎ ﺩﻉ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺪﺭ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺃﺧْﺪۤﺕ ﻣﻌﻮ )ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺷﺘﻌﻠﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﺪ ﻓﻜﺮﺓ ﻋﺎﻃﻠﺔ )ﺃﻭ ﻣﻠﻴﺤﺔ( ﻋﻨّﻮ ،ﻳﺎﺷﻮﻓﻴۤﺮ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺛﺎﺭﺕ ﻧﺎﺭ ﺟﻨﻮﻧﻪ( ،ﻃﺎﺭ ﻃﲑﻙ ﻭﺃﺧـﺪﻭ ﺇﻣﻴﻨﻚ ،ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻚ ،ﺃﺧﺪﻭ ﺑﺮﺩ ،ﺃﺧﺪﺗﻮ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﻳۤﺔ ،ﺧﺪ ﻟـﻚ
ﻏﲑﻙ ،ﺑﻴﺎﺧﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺩﻗﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻩ ﻭﺑﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻟﻮٓ ﺩﻗﻦ. ﺭﻗﺪۤﺓ ،ﺧﻮﺩ ﺻﺪّ ﻭﻋﻄﻲ ﺭﺩّ ،ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﻚ ﻣﻨّﻮ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﺑﻌﻀـﻮ
ﻭﺭﺍﺡ ،ﺃﺧﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ )ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﻌﻠﺖ( ،ﺷﻲ ﺑﻴﺎﺧٓـﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺔ ﺑﺘﺎﺧﺪ ﺍﳋﺒﺰۤﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻳـﺪﻭ:
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ،ﺍﺧﺪ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺧـﺪ ﻭﭺ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﻭﺱ ،ﺃﺧـﺪ
)ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﳊﻴﻠﺔ( ،ﺃﺧﺪﺍ ﻣﻦ ﰎّ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ،ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﺎﻫﻮ ﺧﺪﱐ ﺟﻴﺘﻚ،
ﺍﻵﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺑﺮﻣﺘﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺃﺧﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﺧﻮٓﻳﻮٓ ،ﺃﺧـﺪﻟﻮ
ﺃﺧﺪ ﻋﺈﻳﺪﻭ ﻣٔﻲ )ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻨﺪﺭ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﺧﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﭼّﻮ ﻣﻲ( ،ﻛﻠﻤۤﺔ
ﺷﺤﻄﺔ ﻗﺮﺑﻴﺞ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﺣﺬﺭﻭ ﻣﻨّﻮ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﺩﺭﺑـﻮ ﻭﺭﺍﺡ ،ﺃﺧـﺪ
ﺑﺘﺎﺧﺪﻭ ﻭﻛﻠﻤۤﺔ ﺑﺘﺠﻴﺒﻮ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﻭﻋﻄﺎ )ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺐ ﺣﺮﰲ :ﺁﻟـﺶ
ﺟﺰﺍﻩ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﺣﻘﻮ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﺭﺿﻰ ﺃٕﻣﻮ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﺑﺪﻡ ﺃﺑـﻮﻩ ،ﺃﺧـﺪ
ﻭﻳﺮﺵ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺎ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻯ ﻭﺑﺎﻉ(.
ﺭﻭﺣﻮ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻭ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﻧﻴﺸﺎﻥ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﻭﭼﺎ ،ﺃﺧـﺪ ﻋﻘﻠـﻮ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﳊﺰﻣۤﺔ ﻋـﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺒـﺎﻗﻲ ﺃﺧﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺷﻴﺨﻮ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﻣﻨﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﻬـﺪ ،ﺧـﻮﺩ
ﺗﺎﺧﺪﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺩ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ ﺃﺧﺪ ﺗﺎﺭﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺳـﻨۤﺔ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﴰﺎﻟﻚ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻋﻬﺪ ،ﺃﺧﺪ
ﳊﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺠﻠﺖ ،ﺧﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺻْﺪﺭﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤّﺎﺕ ،ﻣﻨـﻮ ﳊﺎﺻﻠﻮ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﻭﻋﻄﺎ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳۤﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒـﺎﺹ ﺃﻭ ،...ﺃﺧـﺪ
ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﺪ ﺃٕﻣّﻲ ﺑَﺴﻤّﻴﻪ ﻋٔﻤّﻲ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺧﺪ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﺣـﻮ، ﺑﻌﻀﻮ ﻭﻳﺎﺍﷲ ،ﺃﺧﺪﻟﻮ ﲤّﻴۤﻦ ،ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧَﻔَﺲ ،ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﺡ ،ﺃﺧـﺪ
ﺁﻛﻤﻮﺵ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﻭﺧﻮﺩ ﺑٔـﺎﺟﻮ ،ﺧـﻮﺩ ﺍﳌَﻨﺼۤـﺐ ﻭﺁﺗّﻜۤـﻞ ﺩﺭﺱ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﺩﺭﺱ ﻣﺎﻟﺪﻫﺮ ،ﺧﻮﺩ ﺣﺴﺒﻚ ﺃﷲ ،ﻣﺎﺃﺧﺪ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲ
ﻋﺎﻟﻌَﻮﺍﻧﻴّۤﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑْﺪَﺷﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻣﻴّۤﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﺧﺪﻭﻩ ﻓٕﺘّﺎۤﺣﲔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻝ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﻤﻞ ﺣﺴﻦ ،ﺃﺧﺪﻭ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ )ﻣـﻦ
ﻟﻮ :ﻳﺎﻋﻤﻲ! ﺧﺪﱐ ﻣﻌﻚ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺏ ﺑﺴﻌﲏ ﻭﺑﺴـﻌﻚ، ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ( ،ﺃﺧﺪﻟﻮ ﺳﻼﻡ ،ﺃﺧـﺪ ﺍﲰـﻮ ﻭﺭﻗـﻢ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻳﺎﺷﻴﺨﻲ ! ﺧﺪﱐ ﻣﻌﻚ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺗٕﻠﺘﲔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮۤﺓ ﺃٕﻟﻚ، ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺗﻮ ،ﺃﺧﺪﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﻄﺔ ،ﺧﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻣﻴﻨﻚ ﺃﻭ ﴰﺎﻟﻚ ،ﺃﺧـﺪ
ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﻔﺎﺭﺓ :ﺑﻮﺳﻲ ﺇﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻂ ﻭﺧﺪﻱ ﻟۤﻚ ﻟۤﲑﺓ ﻗﺎﻟۤﺖ :ﺍﻷﺟﺮﺓ ﲪﺎﻡ ،ﺃﺧﺪ ﺩﻭﺵ.
ﻣْﻠﻴﺤﺔ ﺑَﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺴٕﻠَﻢ ،ﺍﺫﺍ ﺿﺒّﺒۤﺖ ﻋﺸﻴّۤﺔ ﻻﻗـﻲ ﻟـﻚ
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﺭﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺑﲏ ﺍﷲ ﻳﺎﺧﺪ ﺑﻴﺪﱠﻙ.
ﻣﻐﺎﺭﺓ ﺩﻓﻴّۤﺔ ﻭﺁﻥ ﺿﺒّﺒۤﺖ ﺑَﺎﻛۤﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻋﺼﺎﻳﺘَﻚ ﻭﺳﺎﻓۤﺮ ،ﺧـﻮﺩ
ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺍﺗّﻜﻞ )ﺃﻭ :ﻭﺗﻮﻛﻞ( ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﷲ )ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻧـﻪ ﰲ ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﻣﺎ ﲝﺒﻮ ﻫﺎﺕ ﲝﺒﻮﺍ ﺧﻮﺩ،
ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ( ،ﻫﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣۤﺔ ﺻﻮﻑ ﻭﺧﺪﻭٓ ﻏﺪﺍۤ ﺧﺎﺭﻭﻑ ،ﺧـﺪﻭﺍ ﻭﺻﺎﺩﻑ ﻏﺮﻕ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺻﺎﺣﻮﺍ ﻟﻮ :ﺷﻴﺨﻲ! ﻫﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺪﻙ ﻫﺎﺕ،
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﰎ ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ،ﺧﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻦ ﰎ ﺍﻟﺰﻏﺎﺭ ،ﺧـﻮﺩ ﻣﺎﻋﻄﺎﻫﺎ ،ﺃٕﺟﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻔﻬﻢ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺷﻴﺨﻲ! ﺧﻮﺩ ﺇﻳـﺪﻱ،
ﺃٕﺧﱵ ﻋﲏ ﻭﺧﻮﺩ ﲪﻼ ﻣﲏ ،ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﰲ "ﺃﺧﺖ". ﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﻣﺴﻜﺎ ﻭﻃﻠﻊ.
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]ﻭﻳﻌﺰﻭﻥ ﺑﻔﻘﺪ ﻋﺰﻳﺰ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻋﻄﻰ ﻭﺃﷲ ﺃﺧﺪ )ﻭﻫﻮ ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻣٕﻦ ﺃﺧﺪ ﻭﺭﺩّ ﻣﺎ ﺑٕﺮْﺗَﺪّ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﺧﺪ
ﺳﺎﺋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﳒـﺪ( ،ﻭﻳـﺰﻋﻢ ﻭﺭﺩّ ﺷﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﺄﻣﻮﺍﻻ ،ﺧﺪ ﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﻘﺼﺔ ﺣﺼﺔ )ﺃﻱ:
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺟﻨـﺎﺯﻢ :ﻳـﺎﻣﻮﺕ! ﻟـﻴﺶ ﺣﺼﺔ ﺩﺭﺱ( ،ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻷﺻﻴﻞ ﻭﻧﺎﻡ ﻋﺎﳊﺼـﲑ )ﻭﻇـﻦ ﺃﻧـﻪ
ﺃﺧﺪﺗﻮ؟ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﻣﺎﻗﺘﻞ ﻣﺮﺗﻮ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﻞ ﺳﺒﺘﻮ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﻣـﺎ ﻳﺴﺠﻊ( ،ﺧﻮﺩ ﺃٕﻡّ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺭ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺴـﻮﺍﺭ ،ﺻـﺎﺣﺐ
ﻧﺼﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ. ﻣﺎﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻻﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﻭﺳﺮّﻙ ﳌﺮﺗﻚ ﻻ ﺗَﻌﻄـﻲ ،ﺻـﺎﺣﺒَﻚ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺭﺩﺕ ﺗْﺒﻘّﻴﻪ ﻻ ﺗﺎﺧٓﺪ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻭﻻ ﺗَﻌﻄﻴﻪ ،ﺟﻮﺯۤﻙ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻃﻠّﻘۤـﻚ ﻻ
ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻫﺬﻩ ﻭﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ ﲣﺮﺻﺎﺕ ﻳﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌـﻮﺍﻡ ،ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓـﻨﺤﻦ
ﺗْﺮﺍﺟﻌﻴﻪ ﻭﻋﺸﻴﻘۤﻚ ﻻ ﺗﺎﺧﺪﻳﻪ ،ﻻ ﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﻣﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻮ ﺧﻮﺩ
ﻋﺎﺷﺮﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ٢١ﻋﺎﻣﺎً ﱂ ﻧﺮَ ﺻﺤﺔ ﳍـﺬﻩ ﺍﳌـﺰﺍﻋﻢ ،ﺑـﻞ
ﻣﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻮ ،ﻻ ﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﻗﺘﻠۤـﺔ ،ﺧـﻮﺩ
ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﻋﻢّ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺧﱪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺩﻉ ﺳﻴﺎﻫﻮ ﴰـﺎﻉ ﻣﺒﻠﻐـﺎً
ﻭﻃﺎﻟﺐ ،ﺍﷲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﺃﺩﻫﺶ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺧﺪ ﻓﺘّﺶ ،ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﺧﺪ ﻣﻦ
ﻣﻠﻔﻮﻓﺎً ﰒ ﺍﺩﻋﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻃﻴﻪ ﺫﻫﺒﺎً ﻭﻛﻠﻔﻪ ﻟﻠﻴﻤﲔ ﻓﺄﰉ ﻭﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ.
ﻣﻠﺘﻮ ﲟﻮﺕ ﺑﻌﻠﺘﻮ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻌﺎﻢ[ :ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻫﺎﺕ :ﻳُﺨﺒﺄ ﺧﺎﰎ ﰲ ﻳﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺧﺪﻱ ﺧۤﻪ ،ﻻﺗﻘﻌﺪ ﺷﺮﻗﻲ ﺍﳌﺰﺑﻠۤﺔ
ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻭﺗﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﳌﺘﻤﺎﺳﻜﺔ ﳝﻴﻨـﺎً ﻭﻳﺴـﺎﺭﺍً ،ﻭﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺑﻌﻤﻴﻚ ﻣﺎﻓﻴّﺎ ﻭﻻﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﻝ ﺑﻴﻌﻄﻴﻚ ﻣﺎﻓﻴّﺎ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺧـﺪ ﻣـﺎ
ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻬﺘﺪﻱ ﺃﻳﻦ ﺍﳋﺎﰎ ؟ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﻜﻨﺖ ﺍﻷﻳﺪﻱ.
ﺃﻭﻫﺐ ﺃﺳﻘﻂ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻭﺟﺐ ،ﺃﺧﺪﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﳌـﺎﻝ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﻭﺑﻘِﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ،ﻋﻘﻠﻮ ﺑﻴﺎﺧﺪ ﻭﺑﻴﻌﻄـﻲ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ
ﻛﺎﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻘﺼﺮ ﻭﺗﺴﺒﻖ( ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻻﻣﺎﻝ ﻳﺎﺧﺪﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﲪـﺎﻥ
ﻫﺎﺕ ﻳﺎﺍﷲ ﻫﺎﺕ ﻫﺎﺕ ﻭﳊﻖ ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﻻ ﻋﻘﻞ ﻳﺎﺧﺪﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ،ﻳﺎﻣٕﻦ ﻳﺎﺧﺪ ﻣﻨّﻲ ﻣﻴّۤﻪ ﻭﻳﻜﺘﺒﲏ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻣﻴﺔ ،ﰲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻫﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﰲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺧﻮﺩ ،ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﳉﱭ
ﻣﺎﰲ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻴﻘﻮﻝ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻝ :ﻫﺎﺕ
ﺍﻻﻋﺰۤﺍﺯﻱ ﻭﺳﻴّﺦ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻃﻠّﻘﺎ ﻭﺧﻮﺩ ﺃٕﺧﺘﺎ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﻟـﻮ :ﺃﷲ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﻳﻠﻌﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺘﲔ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺻﻮﺗﻮ ﺍﳊﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﺧـﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺑـﺎ ﻭﺑْﺠﻴـﺐ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﻮﻥ ،ﻏۤﺎﻃۤﺲ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺧﻮﺩ ﻫـﺎﻟﻮﺭﺩﺓ
ﻭﺁﺭﺣٔﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﺮۤﺓ ﻫَﻠِﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻴﻒ ﻻﺧٓﺪ ﺑﻨﺘﻬٓﻦ ﴰّﺎ ،ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻳﺎﻣﻦ ﻳﺎﺧﺪ ﻋﺘﻤﺎۤﱐ ﻭﻳﻔﻀﺢ ﺳﺮّﻱ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺧـﻮﺩ
ﻏﲑﻫﺎ: ﻣﻔﻀﺤﺎﱐ ﺑﺒﻼﺵ ،ﻻﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻜﺔ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﰎّ ﺍﳉﻘﻤﺎﻥ ،ﺧـﻮﺩ
ﻫﺎﻟﺰﺑﻮﻥ ﻭﺳﻜّۤﺮ.
ﺧٕﺪﻟﻚ ﺑﻮﺳۤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗٕﻤﱢﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻴّۤﻢ ﻳﺎﻋﻤّﻲ !
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺗﺎﺧﺪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﺪّﻳﺎﻢ[:
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻡ ﺍﻷﺧـﺮﺱ ﺑﺘﻌـﺮﻑ ﺑﻠﻐـﺎﺕ ﺍﻷٔﺧْﺪَﻡ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧَﺪَﻡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃَﺩﱠﻯ
ﺍﳋﺮﺳﺎﻥ. ﻣِﻬﻨﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﺍﳌﻔﻄـﻮﻡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻛـﻞ ﻋﺴـﻞ ﺃٔﺧّٔﺮّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧّﺮ :ﺿﺪّ ﻗﺪّﻡ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﺟّﻠﻪ
ﲞﺮﺱ. ﺇﱃ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻻﺣﻖ ،ﺃﺧّﺮﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻣﺘﺄﺧّﺮﺍً ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺆﺧﱠﺮ.
ﺍﻷٔﺧﺮٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻕ :ﺍﻷﲪﻖ. ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗﺄَﺧﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺃٔﺧْﺰَﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧﺰﺍﻩ :ﻓﻀﺤﻪ ،ﺃﻫﺎﻧﻪ ،ﺃﻭﻗﻌﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺄﺧﲑ.
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺀ.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﻭﺧّﺮ.
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﺧﺘـﺰَﻯ ،ﻭﻟـﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ
ﺍﺧﺘﺰﻯ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﻭْﺣَﺮ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠـﺔ( :ﺃﺧّـﺮ،
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃٕﺧﺰِﻱ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ،ﳜـﺰﻱ ﺍﻟﻌـﲔ
ﻋﻨّﻚ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃَﺣَﺮ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ( :ﺃَﺧّﺮ.
ﺃٕﺧْﺲْ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺧﺴﺄ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺧَﺴِـﻰﺀ ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗﺄَﺧّۤﺮ ﻋﻤـﻞ ﺍﻟﻴـﻮﻡ ﻟﻐـﺪﺍۤ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐُ :ﺑَﻌُﺪ. )ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺠﻬﻴﺎﻢ[ :ﺃٕﺧﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﻭﺗﻚ. ﺃٔﺧﺮٔﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﺎً،
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﳒﺰ.
ﺃَﺧْﺸَﻦ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺸُﻦ :ﺿﺪّ ﻻﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺃﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ،
ﺍﻹﺧﺸﻴﺪ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻃُﻐـﺞ :ﻣﺆﺳـﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟـﺔ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ،ﳐﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻳﻈﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺮﺡ
ﺍﻹﺧﺸﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﲟﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ،ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺳـﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟـﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ :ﻛـﺄﻥ ﳛـﺎﻛﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗـﺎﺋﻊ
ﻭﻗﺎﺋﻊ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٣٣٤ﻫـ. ﻭﺍﳌﺸﺎﻫﺪ ،ﻭﻛﺄﻥ ﻳﻌﲎ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺳـﻴﻘﺎ
ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺫﻟﻚ.
ﺍﻷﺧﺺّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺺّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺿـﺪّ
ﻋﻢّ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻧﺎً :ﻓﻀّﻠﻪ ﻭﻣﻴّﺰﻩ. ﺍﻷٔﺧْﺮٔﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧﺮﺱ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺧﺮﺱ :ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺪ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﳋﺮﺳـﺎﺀ ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﳋُﺮﺳﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳋُﺮﺱ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻀـﻤﺔ
ﺍﻷﺧِﺼّﺎﺋﻲ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﰊ ﻳﺮﺩّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ.
ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﱐ ...:ﻗﺮﺃﺗَﻬﺎ ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﻭﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺟﺮﺱ ﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﺃﺧﺮﺱ.
ﺃﺎ ﲨﻊ ﺧﺼﻴﺺ ،ﻣﻊ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﳐﻔﻔـﺔ ﺍﻟﺼـﺎﺩ
ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﺧﺼﺎﺀ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃَﺧﺼَﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻤـﺎً ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﺖ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳊـﻖ ﺷـﻴۤﻄﺎﻥ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍً ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﻭﺷﺮﺣﻪ. ﺃﺧﺮﺱ.
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ﺃٔﺧﻀٔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧﻀﻌﺘﻪ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔُ ﺇﱃ ﻛـﺬﺍ: ﺍﻷٔﺧﺼٔﺐ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧَﺼَـﺐ ﺍﳌﻜـﺎﻥُ
ﺃﳉﺄﺗﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺧﻀﻌﻪ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺫﻟّﻪ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛَﺜُﺮ ﻋﺸﺒُﻪ.
ﺃٔﺧﻄٔﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧﻄﺄ -ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗـﻪ :- ﺍﻷٔﺧْﺼٔﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻮﱂ
ﻏﻠﻂ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺃﺻﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽَ :ﱂ ﻳﺼﺒﻪ. ﻳﻜﻦ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺎً(.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺣَﻄﺎ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ( :ﺃﺧﻄﺄ. ﺍﻷٔﺧﻀٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻟﻮﻥ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ،
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺣْﻄﺎٓ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ( :ﺃﺧﻄﺄ ،ﻭﰲ
ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻃﺎﺯﺝ :ﺟﱭ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ﻛﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺧﻀﺮﺍ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺣْﻄﺎ.
)ﻏﲑ ﻳﺎﺑﺴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻜﺒﻮﺳﺔ( ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺰﺝ ﺍﻟﻠـﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﺑـﺎﻟﻠﻮﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤـﺎﻢ[ :ﺃٔﺧﻄـﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺎﻃﺮﺓ ﻭﺷـﻨﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ.
ﺍﳊﺪّﺍۤﺩﻳﻦ ،ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺷﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺼّﺎﺏ ﺃﺧﻄﺄ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﺻﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﺩ ﰲ
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺧﻀﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻧﻪ.
ﻛﻴﺴﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﰲ ﻗﻤﻴﺼﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﺟﻠﻴﺴﻮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺧﻀﺮﺍ .
ﺇٕﺧﻄﺎﺭ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺧﻄﺮ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﳋُﻀْﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ.
ﺃٔﺧﻄٔﺒﻮﻁ :ﻭﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻟﻠﺒﺴﺘﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﺿﻤﺖ
ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ :ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﲝﺮﻱ ﺭﺧـﻮﻱ ﻫﻼﻣـﻲ ﺫﻭ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ.
ﺟﺮﺍﻣﻴﺰ ﺃﻱ :ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﳏﺎﺟﻢ ﻳﻠﺘﺼﻖ ـﺎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺑﻴﺾ.
ﺑﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ،ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺪﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﳊـﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻳﻐﺘـﺬﻱ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻸﺧﻀـﺮ :ﺃﺧﻀـﺮﺍﱐ،
ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﺍﻃﲔ ،ﻗﻠﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻃﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﳌﺘﺮ. ﻭﻳﺘﻌﺠﺒﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﻣﺎ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺝ!.
ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﱐ OCTAPODI ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻳﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺃﺧﻀﺮ.
ﺃﺭﺟﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻟـﺪ ﺷَـﻮٔﻯ ﺍﻷﺧﻀـﺮﻳۤﻦ
ﻭﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ،ﻭﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻟﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻥ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﱪ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ( ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﳋﻀْٕﺮ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ.
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ.
ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ ﺍﳊﻄﺐ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﱂ ﳚﻒ ﻣﻬﻤـﺎ
ﻭﰲ "ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻊ" :ﻭﻳﺮﺟﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺘﻪ :ﺍﻟﺪَﻭْﻟﺔ. ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ١٨ﺹ .١٠٨ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻞ :ﻟﻴﺶ ﺑﺘﺎﻛﻞ ﺷـﻮﻙ؟
ﺃٔﺧﻄٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺧﻄﺮٕﺗﻮ ﺍﶈﻜﻤـﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺟـﺎﻩ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﺑﻔﺘﻜﺮﻭٓ ﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ،ﺩﺭﺏ ﺍﳌﻴّۤﺔ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ،ﺍﳋﻴـﺎﺭ
ﺍﻹﺧﻄﺎﺭ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺬﺍﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺮﻛـﻲ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﻐﺒّـﺮ :ﻫـﺪﻭﻟۤﻰ ﻻ
ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻄﺮﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺒﺎﱄ :ﺃﺫﻛﺮ ﻧﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺃﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﳌـﺮﻳﺾ: ﺗﻘﺮﺑٓﻦ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ "ﺃﺑﻴﺾ" ﺣﻴﺚ ﺷﺮﺡ.
ﺩﺧﻞ. ﺃﺧﻀٔﺮ ﺩَﻧَﺐ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃٔﺧﻠﻮ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻮﻓﲔ ،ﺍﻟﺒْﺤـﺐ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﳐﻄۤﺮ ،ﻋﻤﻞ ﳐﻄۤﺮ.
ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﳜﻠﻲ )ﺃﻱ ﳜﻠﻲ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻳﻬﺮﺏ(.
ﺍﻷٔﺧﻄٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧـﺎﻃَﺮَ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻁ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ :ﺍﻷﺧـﻼﻁ ﺃﺧﻄﺮ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻘﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺃﺷﺪ ﳐـﺎﻃﺮﺓ ﺃﻱ :ﺃﺷـﺪّ
ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ :ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻭﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺒﻮﺳﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺮﲨـﺔ ﺇﺷﻔﺎﺀً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧَﻄَﺮ.
ﺣﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ KHALKOSﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ،ﲟﻌـﲎ :ﺍﳌﺨﻠـﻮﻁ
ﻭﺍﳌﻤﺰﻭﺝ. ﺍﻷٔﺧﻄٔﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻄﺮ ﻳﻖ ﺃﺧﻄﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻗﺼﺮ ﻭﺃﺩﱏ ،ﺑﻨﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋِﻄﺎﻡ :ﺍﳊﺒـﻞ
ﺍﻷٔﺧﻼٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ :ﲨـﻊ ﺧُﻠْْـﻖ ﳚﻌﻞ ﰲ ﻋﻨﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﲑ ﻭﻳﺜﲎ ﰲ ﺧَﻄﻤﻪ ﺃﻱ :ﰲ ﺃﻧﻔﻪ ،ﺃﻱ ﺃﻗﺼﺮ
ﻭﺧُﻠُﻖ :ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﺮﻭﺀﺓ. ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﻢ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺧﻄﻢ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻋﱪ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﳝﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﳝﻨـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ﻗـﻮﳍﻢ: ﺍﻷٔﺧٔﻒ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀـﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺧـﻒّ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ
ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻋﻆ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻲ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺫﻫﺐ ﺛِﻘَﻠُﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧﻼﻕ ﻭﺃﺧﻼﻗﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﺧﻼﻗﺰ، ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺠﻬﻴﺎﻢ[ :ﺁﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺃﻧﺎ
ﻭﺃﺧﻼﻗﻲ ﻭﺃﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺧﻼﻗﻴﺎﺕ. ﺃﺧﻒ ﻣﺎﻟﺮﻳﺸﺔ ﻭﻛﻨﺖ ﺃﺗﻌﺮﺑﺶ ﻋﺎﳊﻴﻂ ﺍﳌﺰﺭّﻕ.
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]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃٔﺧﻮ ﺃٕﺧﺘﻮ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻧﻪ ﺑﻄﻞ ،ﻭﺗﻌﺘﺰ ﺃٔﺧْﻤﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﲬﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭَ :ﺳـﻜّﻦ ﳍﻴﺒَﻬـﺎ،
ﺑﻪ ﺃﺧﺘﻪ( ،ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳُﻐﲑﻭﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺧـﻮ ﺍﻧﻔﺎﺳﻪ :ﺃﻣﺎﺗﻪ ،ﺃﺫﻟّﻪ.
ﻓﻼﻧﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺧﻮﻛﻲ ﻳﺎﻓﻼﻧﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺧﻮﻛﻲ ﻳـﺎ ﺃﺧـﱵ ،ﻭﻻ
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻓﻼﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺃﲬﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨۤﺔ.
ﺃﺧﻮ ﺍﳊﺎﻳﻠۤﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺃٔﺧﻮ ﺍﳊﺎﻳﻠـﺔ ،ﺃﻱ: ﺃﺧٔﻦّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧﻦّ :ﺍﻷﻏَﻦّ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﳌﺴـﺪﻭﺩ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﻮﻝ ﻭﱂ ﺗﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺤـﻞ ،ﻓﺘﻜـﻮﻥ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺷﻴﻢ.
ﺷﺮﺳﺔ ﻧﺰﻗﺔ ﻭﲡﻌﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ ﻣﻀﻄﺮﺑﺎً ﻛﻠﻪ. ﺃٔﺧﻨَٔﺚ :ﺑﻨﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻨّﺚ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ ﻛﻼﻣَﻪ
ﻭﺗﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﺎﻡ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻏﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺐ :ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﻣﻴـﺘﲔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﺎ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ( :ﺷﺒّﻬﻪ ﺑﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﺎﺀ
ﻏﻨﻤﺔ ﺣِﻴﻞ )ﲨﻊ ﺣﺎﻳﻠﻪ( ﻭﺗﻼﲤﻴّﺔ ﺭﻏﺎﺕ :ﺣﻠﻮﺏ. ﻟِﻴﻨﺎً ﻭﺭﺧﺎﻣﺔ.
ﺃﺧﻮ ﺍﳊﺪّﺍﻓۤﺔ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳊﺎﺋﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻﻳﺜﺒـﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻷٔﺧٔﻨْﺰٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﱰﻳـﺮ :ﻣـﻦ
ﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﻜّﻮﻙ. ﺿﺮﺍﻭﺓ ﺍﳋﱰﻳﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ.
ﺃﺧﻮ ﺩﻳﻨﺘﻮٓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪِﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻀـﻤﲑ ]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺩﻭﺱ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺧﻮﻙ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻴﺎﻁ.
ﻳﻌﻮﺩ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺧﻮﻙ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺐ ،ﺃﺟـﺎ ﺃﺧﻮﻧـﺎ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﺰﺍﺣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺧﻮ ﺩﻳﻨٕﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭ. ﺑﺎﷲ.
ﺃﺧﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﻴۤﻒ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺃﺧﻮ ﻛﻴﻔـﻲ؟ ﺃﺵ ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺧﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻳﺒۤﺔ) ،ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻳﺒﺔ( :ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﺑْﺨﺼّﻚ؟ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺷﺮﻳﻚ ﺭﻏﺒﱵ. ﲤﺮ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺸﺎﺀ ﺇﺫ ﺗﺮﻛﻬﺎ ﺫﻭﻭﻫﺎ ﺇﺛـﺮ ﻣـﺮﺽ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻫـﻦ ﺃﻭ
ﺷﻴﺨﻮﺧﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺧﻮ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻘﺔ.
ﺍﻷٔﺧﻮٔﺕ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷﺧﻮﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺒﻬﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﺧَﻮِﺙ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﻋﻈﻢ ﺑﻄﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺧﻰ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﳋﻮﺛـﺎﺀ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺧﻮﻙ ﻣﻦ ﺃٕﻣﻚ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳌﺨﻄـﺔ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﳋﻮٓﺗﺎۤ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻴﻊ :ﺍﳋﻮﺕ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻤّﻚ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ "ﺍﳌﱳ" :ﻭﺃﺭﺍﻫﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻳﺪ ﺃﺧﻮ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﻗﺺ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﺧـﻮ
ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻮﻯ ،ﻓﺤﺮﻓﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺧﻮﺕ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﻟﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺩ( ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﳒﺪ :ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺩ ﺃﺧﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺺ ،ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺪ ﺯﻧﺪ ﺃﺧﻮ
ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺫﻫﺐ ﻋﻘﻠﻪ. ﻓﺎﺗۤﻪ ﺃﻣّﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﺧﺮﺍﺏ )ﻓﺎﺗﺔ :ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺠﺔ ﺍﳋﻮﺗﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﺃﺧﻮ ﺍﳊﺴﲔ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ ﺑﻔﺮّۤﻕ
ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺥ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻩ.
ﺍﻷٕﺧﻮّۤﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧﻮّﺓ :ﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﰉ ﺑـﲔ
ﺍﻹﺧﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻮﺍﺕ ،ﺃﻭ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺍﻗﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺻﺪﻗﺎﺀ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﻛﻢ ﺃٕﺩٕﻥ ﻟٕﺄﻣﻚ ﻭﺃﻡ ﺃﺧﻮﻙ ﻭﲪﺎﻳﺔ
ﻣﺮﺕ ﺃﺧﻮﻙ ؟ )ﺃﺫﻧﺎﻥ :ﻷﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ(.
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ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﺍﺧﻞ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺧﻞ( ﺑـﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺼـﻠۤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻣـﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃُﺧُﻮّٔﺕ.
ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺼﻴﺒﻮ ﻏﲑ ﺭﳛﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻮﻣۤﺔ.
ﺍﻷٔﺧﻮﻳّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺥ،
ﺃﺩﺍٔﺭ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺸـﻐﻮﺭ، ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻫﺒﺎﻥ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺩَﺭ :ﺁﺫﺍﺭ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ
٣٨ﺹ . ١٨٣ ﺍﻷﺧﻴۤﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺒﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧﻴَﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻳﻐﻠﺐ
ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳋﲑ.
ﺃَﺩﺍٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺍﺭﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺪﻭﺭ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺗـﺮﺍﻙ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﻮﻟّﻰ ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻮ ﺷْﻐﻴۤﻞ ﻧﻮﻣﻮ ﺃﺧﲑ )ﻇﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻠـﻪ
ﺍﻬﻮﻝ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﺠﻊ( ،ﺍﳌﺎ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺧﲑ ﺗَﺮﻛﻮٓ ﺃﺧﻴۤﺮ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ
ﺍﺩّٕﺍﺭٔﻙ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﺗْﺪﺍﺭٔﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺪﺍﺭٔﻙ. ﳒﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً(.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺪﺍﺭٔﻙ. ﺃٔﺧِﲑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧِﲑ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﻷﻭّﻝ ،ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺜـﻪ:
ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺧﲑٔﺓ ،ﻭﲨﻌﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺁۤﺧﺮﻳﲔ ﻭﺁۤﺧﺮﻳّـﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ
ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ: ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺧﲑﺍً.
-ً ٢ﲟﻌﲎ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ :ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ. ﺃﺩﱠﻯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﱠﻯ ﺩَﻳﻨَﻪ :ﻗﻀﺎﻩ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑـﻪ،
ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓَ :ﺃﺩﱃ ﺎ ،ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﺼﻮﻍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ
-ً ٣ﺍﻟﺮﺋﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻮﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻊ ﺩﻭﺍﻭﻳﻨﻬﺎ. ﺸﺒَﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺧﲑ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ. ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺩﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟ َ
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]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻀﺤﻚ ﺑﻼ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻣـﻦ ﻗﻠـﺔ ﺃﻟٔﺄﺩﺭﻉ :ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ]ﰲ ﻜّﻤﺘﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳉﻴـﻞ ﺍﻷﺩﺭﻉ
ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻏﺮﻳﺐ ﻛﻮﻥ ﺃﺩﻳﺐ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﳉﺤـﺎ :ﻣـﻨﲔ ﺑﺘﺤﻜﻲ ﻣﻌﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺴﻤﻊ ،ﺑﺘﺒﻌﺘﻮ ﻟﺸﻐﻠﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺟﻊ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺗﻌﻠﻤﺖ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ. ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﻉ ﺑﺪﺭﻉ ﺍﻷﻋﺬﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻠﺔ.
ﺍﻷﺩَﺏ :ﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳﻲ ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺩﺍﻥ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺃﺩﺍﻧﺘﻬﻢ ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺇﺗﻘﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺀ ،ﺫﻫﺎﺑﺎً ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻓﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ـﺬﻳﺐ ﺣﻜﻤﺘﻬﻢ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ ﻷﻥ ﺃﺩﺍﻧﻪ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺑﺎﻋـﻪ
ﺧﻠﻘﻲ. ﺇﱃ ﺃﺟﻞ ﻓﺼﺎﺭ ﻟﻪ ﺩَﻳْﻦ ،ﺃﻭ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺑﺪَﻳﻦ )ﺿﺪّ(.
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻷﺩﺑـﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺫﺍﻥ ﺍﺻـﻄﻼﺡ ﺷـﺮﻋﻲ:
ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ. ﺍﻟﻨِﺪﺍﺀ ﻟﻠﺼﻼﺓ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ :ﺃﺩﺏ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﻬﺪﺎ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﺎ
ﻭﺃﺩﺑﺎ ﻭﺃﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺁﺩﺍﺏ. ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.JESAN :
ﺃﺩّﺏ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩّﺑﻪ :ﻋﻠّﻤﻪ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ،ﻋﺎﻗﺒـﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺓ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ.
ﺇﺳﺎﺀﺓ ،ﺭﺍﺽ ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺄﺩﻳﺐ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﺏ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﺍﳌﺪﺭّﺏ. ﺍﻷﺩَﺏ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳋُﻠُﻖ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ ،ﻭﻓﻌﻠـﻪ :ﺃﺩّﺏ -
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﺏ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃﺩﻳﺐ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻩ -ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗﺄﺩّﺏ -ﺍﻧﻈـﺮﻩ -ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳌْﺄَﺩﱠﺏ ﻏﺎﱄ )ﺃﻭ :ﺍﳌْﺮﺑّﻰ ﻏﺎﻟِﻲ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ :ﺃﺩﺏ
ﺍﻷﺩَﲞﺎﻧﻪ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺣﺎﺽ :ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﻭﺃُﺩﺑﺎ ﻭﺃﺩﻳﺒﺎﻧﻪ ) :ﺍﻟﻼﺋﻖ ﺑﺎﻷﺩﻳﺐ(.
ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭ"ﺧﺎﻧﺔ" ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﻟﻠﺸـﺮﻉ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳝﻨﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ،ﺑَـﻼ ﻗﻠـﺔ ﺃﺩﺏ،
ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ،ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺣﺸﻤﺔ ﻭﻭﻗﺎﺭ.
ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﺃﺩﲞﺎﻧﻪ ﰲ "ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ".
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺿﺮﺭ ﺃﺩﰊ ،ﺍﻗﻌﻮﺩ ﰲ ﺃﺩﺑﻚ.
ﺃَﺩﺑﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺑﺮ :ﻭﻟّﻰ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺃﻗﺒﻞ.
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﺮﺣﺎﺽ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ،ﻷﻥ ﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺃﺩﺑﺮۤﺕ ﻣﻌﻮ. ﲤﻨﻊ ﻣﺮﺗﺎﺩ ﺍﳌﺮﺣﺎﺽ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺑﺄﻱ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ،ﻓﻠﻮ ﻗُﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ
ﺻﺎﺡ :ﻡْ.
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ﺍﺩّﻋﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺩﱠﻋﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺯﻋﻢ ﺃَﺩَﺑْﺴٕﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ
ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﻪ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺼﻤﻪ :ﺧﺎﺻﻤﻪ ﻭﺣﺎﻛﻤﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻧﺪﻋﻰ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭ "ﺳﺰ" ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﻲ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺪﱠﻋِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﻳﺪّﻋﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﻔﺎﺧﺮ ﻟﻪ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﻖّ ﻣﻌﻪ. ﺍٕﺩًﺧٔﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺍﺩﱠﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺍﺫﱠﺧﺮﻩ :ﺧﺒﺄﻩ ﻟﻮﻗﺖ
ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﺩﱠﻋﻰ :ﺍﻧﺪَﻋَﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺩّﺧﺎﺭ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ :ﺍﳌُـﺪﱠﻋﻲ
ﻭﺍﳌُﺪﱠﻋﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳌُﺪﱠﻋِﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ. ﺃﺩﺧٔﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺧﻠﻪ :ﺿﺪّ ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ.
ﺇﺩَﻋْﺶ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ ﺍﻷﺩْﺭٔﻉ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺟﻴﻞ ﺃﺩﺭﻉ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺇﺩﻋﺸﺎﻭﻱ. ﺍﻷﺩﺭَﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ :ﺍﳍﺠﲔ ﺃﻱ :ﻣﺎﻭﻟﺪﺗﻪ ﺑﺮﺫﻭﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺼـﺎﻥ
ﻋﺮﰊ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺭﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻷﻣَﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻠﺌﻴﻢ.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺮﻳﻮﻁ :ﺃﺣﺪﺍﺵ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺍﳉﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﺩﺭﻉ ﺑﺘﺤﻜّﻴﻪ ﻣـﺎ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺣْﺪَ ﻋﺴَﺮ )ﺑﺎﻟﺴـﲔ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠـﺔ(،
ﺑﺴﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺸﺒﻊ ﺑﺮﻭ ﻋﺎﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺟﻊ.
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻷﺩْﺭٔﻉ :ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻳﻒ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻜـﺒﺶ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﺼﺮﻣﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ
ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺩﺭﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻴـﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﺎﺀ
ﺇﺩﻋﺶ) .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ(.
ﻭﻏﲑﳘﺎ :ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﺪَﺭَﻉ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪَﺭَﻉ :ﺑﻴﺎﺽ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ.
ﺍﻷﺩْﻓَﺎ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﰱﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳﺨﻦ.
ﺃﺩْﺭﻙ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺭﻙ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡُ :ﺑﻠﻎ ﺍﳊُﻠُﻢ ،ﺍﳌﺴـﺄﻟﺔَ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻤﻲ[: ﻓﻬﻤﻬﺎ ،ﻓﻼﻧﺎً :ﳊﻘﻪ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺩْﺭﻙ :ﺃﻣﺴَﻚ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠـﻬﺎ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺍﺿﺮﺏ ﺷﻨﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻋﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺮﺯّ ﻋﻦ ﺑﺎﻟَﻚ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺩﺭٔﺍﻙ ﻭﺇﺩﺭﺍﻛٔﺎﺕ.
ﻭﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﺑﻴﺘﻚ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﳋﺎﻥ ﺃﺩﻓﺎﻟﻚ
ﺍﻟٔﺄﺩْﺭﻳۤﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :ADRESSEﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ.
ﺍﻷﺩﻕّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻕّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﺻﺎﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺎً ،ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﻏﻤُﺾ. ﺇٕﺩﺭﻳﺲ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻧﱯ ﻭﺭﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻟﻌﻦ ﻭﺃﺩﻕ ﺭﻗﺒۤﺔ )ﺃﺩﻕ ﻫـﺎ ﺍﻷﺩﺳَﻢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩَﺳِﻢَ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(.
ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻗّﻪ :ﻛﺴﺮﻩ ﻭﺭﺿّﻪ(.
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]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴـﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﺴـﺎﺑﻴﺔ: ﺍﻷﺩﻛﺶ :ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟـﺪﻛَﺶ.
ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺎۤﺑﻴﺔ ﻹﺩﻟﺐ ﻭﺍﳊﻼﻭﺓ ﳊﻠﺐ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻧﺰﻝ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﲤﻄﺮ ﻓﻨﻈﻢ: ﺇٕﺩﻟۤﺐ :ﺑﻠﻴﺪﺓ ﻏﺮﰊ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻵﻥ ﳏﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺱ
،١٩٦٠ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺮﻯ ﳓﻦ -ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﺃﺳﻮﺓ ﺑﻜﻞ
ﻣﺎﳘﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻡ ﻧﻮﺡٍ ﻳﺎﲰﺎ !
ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﺮﻑ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﻣﻦ "ﺍۤﺭ" :ﻫﻮﺍﺀ ،ﻭ
ﺃﻗﻠِﻌﻲ ﺑﻞ ﺇﻧّﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻡ ﻟﻮﻁ "ﺩ" :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺷﺄﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ
"ﻟۤﺐ" :ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻫـﻮﺍﺀُ ﺍﻟﻘﻠـﺐ ،ﺃﻱ ﻳـﻨﻌﺶ ﺍﻟﻠـﺐ،
]ﻭﳑﺎ ﻳﻘﺮﺃ ﻃﺮﺩﺍً ﻭﻋﻜﺴﺎً[ :ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﺑُﻠَﺪﺍ. ﻭﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ،ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﺩﻟﱯ :ﺃﺩﺍۤﻟۤﺒﺔ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﻨﻔﺴۤﺖ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ﻃﻠﻌـﺖ ﺭﳛـﺎ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﺭﳛﺎ(.
-ً ١ﺣﺼﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ:
-ً ٢ﺧﺰﻓﻬﺎ.
ﺁﺩﺑٓﻚ ﻟﻚ ﺩﺑﻜۤﺔ ﻭﺧﺪﻟﻚ ﺭﻃﻞ.
-ً ٣ﺩﺭﺑﻜﺎﺎ ﻭﺷﺮﺑﺎﺎ ﻭﺧﻮﺍﺑﻴﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻠۤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻞ
-ً ٤ﺷﻌﻴﺒﻴﺎﺎ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺸﻠﻜﺎﺕ ﻹٕﺩﻟـﺐ،
ﺃَﺩﱠﻡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺩّﻡ ﺧﺒﺰﺗﻮ ﻭﺃﻛـﻼ ﺑـﺎﻹﺩﺍﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻴﺒﻴﺎﺕ) ،ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺒّﺎۤﻋﻴّﺎﺕ ﻷﺎ ﲝﺠﻤﻬﺎ
ﺍﻹﺩﺍﻣﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩَﻡ ﺍﳋﺒﺰَ ،ﺧﻠﻄﻪ ﺑﺎﻷﺩﻡ ،ﻭﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﻣﺄﺩﻭﻡ، ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﻭﲰﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻗﺸﻄﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺸﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ(.
ﻭﺃﺩّﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡَ :ﻛﺜّﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﻡ ،ﻭﺍﻹﺩﺍﻡ :ﻣﺎﻳﺆﺗﺪﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﻣﺎﺋﻌﺎً
ﺃﻭ ﺟﺎﻣﺪﺍً ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃُﺩُﻡ )ﻭﻳﺴﻜّﻦ( ﻭ ،...ﻭﺍﻷﺩﱘ :ﺍﻟﻄﻌـﺎﻡ -ً ٥ﺗﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺯﻳﺘﻮﺎ.
ﺍﳌﺄﺩﻭﻡ.
ﻭﻣﺴﺤّۤﺮ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺇﺩﻟـﺐ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺃﺩّﻡ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﻡ. ﻣﻨﺎﺩﻳﺎً -ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺰﻋﻤﻮﻥ :-ﻳﺎﺃﻫﻞ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﺘﺮﻛﻮ ،ﺟﻌﻴﺺ
ﻣﻌﻴﺺ ﻣﺴﺤﺮﻛﻮ ،ﺇﱄ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻮ ﻛﻴﻞ ﺷﻌﲑ ،ﺑﺎﺧﺪﻭﺍ ﻭﺑﻘﻠـﻊ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﻢ :ﺍﻹﺩﺍﻡ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻜﻮ ﻭﺑﻘﺮﻑ ﺭﻗﺒﺘﻜﻮ ﻭﺁﻥ ﻓﻘﺘﻮﺍ ﻟﺒﻴۤﻀـﻲ ﻭﺁﻥ ﻣـﺎﻓﻘﺘﻮﺍ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﻨﻴﺔ. ﻟﺒﻴﻀﻲ.
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺆﺗﺪﻡ :ﺍﻹﺩﺍﻣۤﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻫﻞ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ﻣٔﻴّﺘٓﻦ ﲨﻊ ﻭٕﻛـﺪﺑٓﻦ
ﻧﺒﻊ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻳۤﺪﻣﺘﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻳۤﺪَﻣﺘَﺎ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ[ :ﺍٕﺩﻟﱯ ﻭﺍﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﳋﱪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺧﺒﺰﺗﻮ ﺑَﻼ ﺇﺩﺍﻡ ﻭﺑﻌْﺰٓﻡ ﺍﳉﲑﺍﻥ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﺩَﺍﻟﺒۤﺔ ﺗَﻌَﺎﻟﺒۤﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻐﻨِﻲ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺯﻳﺖ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻﲢﺶّ ﺑﺘﻨﻘﺮۤﻉ )ﳛﺬﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﻣﻦ
ﺇﺩﻟﺐ :ﺑﺘﺎﻛٓﻞ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻭﺑﺘﺸﻌٓﻞ ﻣﻨﻮ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﭼّﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺳـﻘﺎﻗﺎﺕ
ﺍﻹﻛﺜﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﻡ ﻟﺒﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ(.
ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ﺃٕﻳﺎۤﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ )ﺳﻄﺤﻪ ﻳﻠﻤﻊ ﻭﲢﺘﻪ ﺛﻔﻞ(.
- ٩١ -
ﻭﺍﻷﺫﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃۤﺩﻧﺎٓ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃۤﺩﻧَﺎ. ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺟﺎﺀ ]ﻣﺜﻠﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻹﺩﺍﻣۤﺔ ﻣـﺮﻭّۤﺓ ،ﺇﺫﺍ
ﻛﺘۤﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﺰﻻﻡ ﻛﺘّۤﺮ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﻡ )ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺼﺪّ(.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﺃﺫﻥ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﻡ )ﻟﻄﻔـﻮﺍ ﻳﺎﻗﻠﻴـﻞ
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃۤﺯۤﻥ.
ﺍﻷﺩﺏ(.
ﻭﺑﺎﻷﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ :ﺃُﺯﻧﻮ.
ﺃَﺩْﻣَﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫـﻲ
ﻭﺑﻠﻬﺠﺎﺕ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ :ﺃۤﺯۤﻥ. ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ "ﻣﱳ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ" :-ﺃﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻨﻔﻚ ﻋﻨﻪ.
ﻭﺑﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﻭٕﺩْﻥ. ﻭﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻥ "ﻋﻠﻰ" ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻨﻊ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﻣﺎﳉﻤﻞ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ ،ﺃﺟﺎ ﻭﺣـﺪﻭ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﺇﺑـﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ
ﺑﻘﺮﻗﻮﻃﺔ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ ،ﲰﻌﺘﻮ ﺑﺄﺩﱐ ﻫَﻲْ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﺗﺎﻛﻼ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺩ ،ﻋـﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻫﻮ ﻣﺪﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺃﻱ :ﻣﻮﺍﻇﺐ
ﺑﻴﻌﻄﻲ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ ﳌﺎ ﲰﻊ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻱ ،ﺷﻨّﻚ ﺃﺩَﻧﻴﻪ ،ﻳﺎﺷﻴﺨﻲ! ﺷﺪّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺪﱘ ﻟﻔﻌﻠﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﳉﺎﺭ ،ﻷﻥ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﳊـﺮﻑ
ﻟﻠﻲ ﺃﺩَﻧﲔ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ. ﻳﺘﻌﺪﱠﻯ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳊﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺃٕﻻ ﺁﺩﺍﻥ ،ﻃﻠـﻊ ﻣـﺎﳉﺮّﺓ ﻭﺃﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻀﻤﲔ "ﺃﺩﻣﻦ" ﻣﻌﲎ ﻭﺍﻇﺐ،
ﻷﺩﻧﻴﻬﺎ ،ﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﺑﺴﻤَﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺿﺮﺳﻮ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ﺑﺴـﻤَﻦ ﻣـﻦ ﰒ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺣﺠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﱂ ﻳﻨﻘﻞ.
ﺃﺩﻧﻮ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﺠﺤﺶ :ﻟﻴﺶ ﺃﺩﻧﻴﻚ ﻛﺒﺎﺭ ؟ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﻟـﻦ :ﻗـﺪ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺩﻣٔﺎﻥ.
ﻣﺎﺑﺮﻛَﺪ ﻭﺑﺸﻢّ ﺁﺧﺒﺎﺭ ،ﻋﻴﻨﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻖ ﻭﺃﺩﻧﻮ ﳌﻦ ﺯﻋﻖ ،ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ
ﲞﺎﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻂ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭ ﺑﺘﺎﻛﻞ ﻟﻮ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ ،ﺍﳌﻔﻠـﺲ ﺃﺩﻧـﻮ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺪﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻤﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﺮ ﺃﻭ
ﻣﺪﻭﺩﺓ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻌﻄﻲ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ ﳌﺮﺍ ﺑﺘﻌﺐ ،ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﱪ ﺑﺘﻠﻌﺐ ﺑﺄﺩﻧﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ.
ﺍﻟﻔﲑﺍﻥ.
ﺃٕﺩْﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷُﺫُﻥ :ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻊ ،ﻭﳎـﺎﺯًﺍ
]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻸﻭﻻﺩ :ﻛـﻮٓ ﺑﺴـﺎﻭﻱ ﻣﻘﺒﺾ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ،ﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺁﺫﺍﻥ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﻧـﻪ
ﺃَﺩَﻧَﻲ ﻭﺃﺩﻧﻴۤﻚ ﺃٔﺭﺑﻌﺔ. ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺁﺩﺍﻥ ﻭﺃﺩَﻧﲔ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﻨﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﻧﺘﲔ ،ﻭﺑﻌـﺾ ﺍﻷﺭﻳـﺎﻑ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺃﺩﻥ :ﺩﺍﻥ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺩﺍﻧﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺣﺐّ ﺍﻟﺪﺏّ ﻻٕﺑﻨـﻮ :ﺃﺟـﺎ
ﺗﻴﺒَﻮﺳﻮ ﻋﺾّ ﺃٕﺩﻧﻮ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻀﺒﻊ :ﺑﻜﺪّﺏ ﻋﻴﻨﻮ ﺑﺼﺪّﻕ ﺃﺩﻧـﻮ، ﻭﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ :ﻭَﺩﻥ.
ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﻥ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒۤﺎﺭۤﻙ ﺑﺄﺩﻥ ﺍﳉﺤـﺶ ،ﻣﺘـﻞ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٢٨ﺹ ، ٥٤٧ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳـﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ
ﺑﺮﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ :ﺍﳌﺎ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﺷۤﺔ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻉ ﺩﻧﺒﻮ -ﺍﻧﻈـﺮ :
ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻯ :ﺟـ ٢ﺹ ٧٢ﻭ .١١٣
ﺑﺮﺧﺎﻧﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ -ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﺍﳌْﺪَﻭﺩﺓ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ ،ﺩﺍﻥ ﺳـﻄﻮﺡ
ﻭﺩﺍﻥ ﻣﺰﺭﺍﺏ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺧﻮﺭﻱ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﻛّـﺐ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃٕﺩﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﺠﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺃَﺩﻧﲔ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺒﻴﻞ ،ﻭﻣـﻊ
ﺃﺩﻥ ﺍﳉﺮّﺓ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺇﻥ ﺷﺎﺀ ﲰﻊ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺗﺼﺎﻣﻢ(. ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ :ﺃﺩﻧﻴۤﻪ ،ﻭﺃﺩﻧﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩ) ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﻼﻭﻳﻪ( ﻭﺃﺩﻧﻴﻪ ،ﺃﺩﻥ
ﺍﳋﺎﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺩﻥ ﺍﳉﺮّﺓ ،ﻭﺃﺩﻥ ﺍﻻﺑﺮﻳﻖ.
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ﺃَﺩﱠﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺫّﻥ :ﺭﻓﻊ ﺻﻮﺗﻪ ﺑـﺎﻷﺫﺍﻥ ﺃﻱ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺃﺩﻥ ،ﺻﺮﻉ ﺩﻭﺩﺓ ﺃﺩﱐ،
ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ﻟﻠﺼﻼﺓ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ. ﻗﺮﻋﺘﻮ ﺑﺘﺴﻴﻞ ﻷﺩﻧﻴﻪ ،ﻏۤﺎﻃۤﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻫﻦ ﻟﻘﺮﺍﻗﻴﻂ ﺃﺩﻧﻴﻪ ،ﻛﻼﻣﻮ
ﻓﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﻷﺩﻥ ﻃﻠﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﻷﺩﻥ ،ﺧﺪﱠﻙ ﺃﺩﻧَﻚ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﺃﺩﻧﻮﺍ ﻟﻮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻗﺮﺏ ﻣﺎﺑﲔ ﺍﳋﺪ ﻭﺍﻷﺫﻥ( ،ﺿﺤﻜﺘﻮ ﻭﺻـﻼﻧﺔ
ﺧﺎﺭ ﻭﺃﺩﻧﻮﺍ ﻟﻮ ﻭﻓﺎﻕ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﺟﺘﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﺎﻓﺎﻕ ﺗﺄﺩﻧﻮ ﻟـﻮ
ﻷﺩﻧﻴﻪ.
ﺑﺎﻷﺩﻧْﺘﲔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﻢ[ :ﻃﻠﻊ ﻣﺎﺟﺮّﺓ ﻭﺑﺮﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺩﻧﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ ﻗـﻮﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﺩّّﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺼـﺮ )ﺃﻭ
ﻏﲑﻩ( ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺼﺮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ[:
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ﺍﻷﺩْﻫَﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩَﻫﻰ ﻭﺩَﻫﺎ ﻭﺩَﻫِـﻲ: -ﻳﻲ ﻳﻲ ﻭﻟۤﻚ ﻓﻄّﻮﻡ! ﲰﻌﺎﻧۤﺔ ﲰﻌﺎﻧۤﺔ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻴّﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﺎﺀ.
-ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺵ ﺍﻷﻛﱪ ﺍﻥ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ،ﻧﺎﺩﺍﻩ ﺟﱪﻳﻴﻴﻴﻞ....
ﺃﺩﻫَﺶ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﻫﺸﻪ :ﺻﻴّﺮﻩ ﻣﺪﻫﻮﺷﺎً.
-ﻭﱄ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﻃﺎﻟﻌﻮﻩ ﻋﺎﳌﺎﺩﻧﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﺃﺩﻫـﺶ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺧـﺪ
-ﻳﻴﻴﻴﻞ ،ﻛﻠﻲ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻭﻟۤﻚ...
ﻓَﺘّﺶ.
ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﺐ ،ﺍﳌﺜﻘﻒ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺩَﺑﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻴّۤﺔ :ﺍﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﻮﺭﻳﻦ ﻳﺪﺛﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﺫﻧـﲔ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ. ﻳﺘﺼﻼﻥ ﺑﺸﺮﻳﻂ ،ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﺪﻓﺌﺘـﻬﻤﺎ .ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ:
ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻴﺎﺕ.
ﺇٕﺫﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺇﺫﺍ :ﻇﺮﻑ ﺷﺮﻃﻲ ﳌﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ :ﺇٕﺫﺍ ﺣﻄﻴﺖ ﻋﻘﻠﻚ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﻚ ﲜَﻮﺯَﻙ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺇﺫﺍ:
ﻋٔﺬﺍ.
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ﺍﻹﺫﺍﻋٔﺔ :ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﳌﺎ ﺗﻨﺸﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺩﻳﻮ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺬﻓﻮﻥ ﳘﺰﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ :ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺑـﻮﻱ
ﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﳏﺎﺿﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﺎ ﻭﺃﻏﺎﻥ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﺗﺜﻘﻒ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﺻﺎﺣﺒَﻚ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺎﺑﺮﻳﺪَﻙ ﲢﻜﻲ ﻣﻌﻲ.
ﻭﺗﻄﻠﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺩﺙ ﻭﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻭﺗﺴﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﺒﺚ،
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﻣﻘﺮّﻫﺎ :ﳏﻄﺔ ﺍﻹﺫﺍﻋﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﳏﻄﺔ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[:
ﺃَﺫﻋَﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺳَﻠِﺲ ﻭﺍﻧﻘﺎﺩ. ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﺇﺫﺍ -
ﻻﲰﺢ ﺍﷲ -ﺣﺪﺙ ﻛﺬﺍ ،ﺃﻭ ﺇﻥ -ﻻﲰـﺢ ﺍﷲ -ﺣـﺪﺙ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺫﻋﺎﻥ. ﻛﺬﺍ :...ﻓﻴﻔﺼﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﲔ "ﺇﺫﺍ" ﻭﻣﺎﺃﺿﻴﻔﺖ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ ﻭﺑـﲔ "ﺇﻥ"
ﻭﺷﺮﻃﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻻﳚـﻮﺯ ،ﻓﺎﻟﺼـﻮﺍﺏ ﺗـﺄﺧﲑ ﺍﳉﻤﻠـﺔ
ﺍﻷﺫﻛﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻛﻲ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﺿﺔ.
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻄﻴﻨﺎً ﻓﻬﻴﻤﺎً.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﺒﺪﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺭﺳﺎﺋﻠﻪ
ﺃَﺫَﻝّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺫﻟّﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺫﻟﻴﻼً.
ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﻄﻴّﺐ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﺇﻥ -ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﺫَ ﺑﺎﷲ -ﱂ
ﺍﻷﺫَﻝّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻝّ ﻓـﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﻳﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻣﺮﺍﺩُﻩ ﻗَﺪَﺭﺍ.
ﺧﻀﻊ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﺀ :ﺱ ٥ﺹ : ٤٠٨ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ "ﻣﺎ " ﺑﻌﺪ "ﺇﺫﺍ ".
ﺃَﺫَﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺫِﻥ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺃﺑﺎﺣﻪ ﻟـﻪ، ﺃَﺫَﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺁﺫﺍﻩ :ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻷﺫﻯ .ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ
ﲰﺢ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ :ﺍﻹﺫﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﺫﺍﻩ ،ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﺗﺂﺫَﻯ ﻭﺍﻧﺄﺫَﻯ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻧﺄﺫﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﺪﻭّﻙ ﻻ ﺗﺄﺫﻳﻪ ﺃﻟﻮ ﺭﺏّ ﳚﺎﺯﻳﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺫﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﻼﻳﻜﺔ ﲪـﺺ! ﻻ ﺑﺘﺄﺫﻭﻧـﺎ ﻭﻻ
.IZEN ﻣﻨﺄﺫﻳﻜﻦ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻣﺄﺫﻭﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻌﻲ ﺃﺫْﻥ ،ﻭﻟﺴّﺎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁﺫﻯ، ﺍﻷﺫﻯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﻜﺮﻭﻩ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺫﺍﻳﺎ.
ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﺺ ﺃﺫﱐ. ﻭﺗﺄﺫﻯ ،ﻭﺗﺂﺫﻯ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺄﺫﻧﻚ ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﺑﻮﻝ ،ﺃﻭ ﺑﺪﻱ ﺃﺷﺦ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺟﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺭﻭ ﺑﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻚ ،ﺃﻭ ﺭﻭ ﺷﺦ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.EAZ :
ﺃَﺫْﻧَﺐ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺫﻧﺐ :ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺬَﻧْﺐ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ ﺫﻧْﺐ،
)ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﺍﻹﺫﻧﺎﺏ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﺸﻒ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻷﺫﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ.
ﺃَﺫْﻫَﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺫﻫﻠﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺫﺍﻫـﻼً ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﻘـﺎﻕ :ﻟـﻴۤﺶ ﺑﺘﻨﺸٓـﻞ
ﻋﻨﻪ. ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻧۤﺔ ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﺍﻷﺫَﻯ ﻃﺒﻊ.
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ﺍﻷٔﺭْﺑٔﻄٔﻌْﺶ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.EZGIET :
ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍٔﺭﺑﻄﻌﺸﺎﻭﻱ.
ﺃٕﺭّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃٕﺭّ ﺷْﻘٔﺪ ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺑﻜﺮّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺻﻮﺕ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭﺑَﻌْﺴَﺮ )ﺑﺎﻟﺴﲔ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ( ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻳﻌﺒّﺮﻭﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ.
ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﺴﻬﻢ ﺭﻫﻴﻔﺎً ﺇﺫ ﺍﺧﺘـﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﻟـﺮﺍﺀ :ﻫـﺬﺍ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﻤﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺭﺑٔﻄﻌﺶ ،ﺻﺒﻴﺔ ﺑﻨـﺖ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻜﺮﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﻄﻮﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺷﺄﻥ ﻣﺪﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺷـﺎﺵ،
ﺃﺭﺑٔﻄﻌﺶ. ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻋﺼﺎ ﻃﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻟﺒﺎٔﺱ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﻭﺩﻛﺘﻮ ﺑﺄﺭﺑﻄﻌﺶ. ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻮﺍﺏ ﺇﺫ ﻧﺘﺼﻴﺪ ﺗﺮﻋﻴـﺪ ﺍﻟـﺮﺍﺀ ﰲ
ﺍﻷﺭﻳﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﳌﺎﺟﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻠﺒﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻫِﻴّۤﻪ ﻭﻛٕﺮّﺗﺎ ﺑﺂﺭﺑﻄﻌﺶ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ
ﳘﺰﺗﻪ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳍﺎﺀ.
ﺑﺴﺎﻃﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ( ،ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻠﺼﺒﻴﺔ :ﻳﺎﻣﻮ! ﺃﻧﺎ ﺭﺍﺣۤﺖ ﻋَﻠَﻲّ
ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍٕﻧﱵ -ﻗﻞ ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺮﺏّ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻖ -ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻼﺗـﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﺍﺩۤﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﺭﺍﺩﺓ :ﺍﳌﺸﻴﺌﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﰲ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ. ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ.
ﺍٔﺭْﺑْﻌﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻭٓﺑْﻌٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺎ ﺍﻷٔﺭٔﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻷﺭَﺏ:
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﺢ ،ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﳜﺮﺟﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﱰﻫﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﺮ.
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﲜﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﺑّﺎﻏﺔ.
ﺍﻷٔﺭْﺑٔﺎ :ﻗﺪ ﻳﻠﻔﻆ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ :ﺃٔﺭﺑٔﺎ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ:
ﺍٔﺭْﺑْﻌﺎ ﺍﳌْﻬۤﺘﺮْٕﺷۤﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻌٕﺘﺮٕﺷٔﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧـﺮ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺑٔﺎ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ.
ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺎ ﰲ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺻﻔﺮ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺻﻔﺮ -ﻳﻜﺴﺮﻭﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﻧﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻲ
ﻗﺪﳝﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ. ﺍﻷﺭْﺑﺢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑﺢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺴﺐ.
ﺍٔﺭْﺑْﻌٔﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺃٔﺭﺑﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻭﭺّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﳊﺴﺔ ﻟﱭ ﰲ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﺃﺭﺑﺢ ﻣﻦ
ﻳﺘﻠﻮ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ. ﻃﺎﺣﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺧﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﻔﺴﺎﺩ :ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﳉﺮﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺃٔﺭﺑﻌٔﺎﻭﻱ ﻭﺃٔﺭﺑٔـﺎﻭﻱ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻭﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ. ﺗﻮﻫﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺃﻟﻒ.
ﺳﺄﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﳉﻮﻋﺎﻥ :ﺗﻨﲔ ﻭﺗﻨﲔ ﺷﻘﺪ ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﻇﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺟﺬﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ "ﺭٔﺏ" ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ،
ﺁﺭﻏﻔﺔ. ﻛﺄﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﻫﺎﻟﻪ ﻭﻓﺮﺓ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﻛﺜﲑ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻢ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻭﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﻫﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﻲ ﻋﻠـﻰ ـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺭْﺑَـﻊْ ﻭﺃَﺭﺑْﻌـﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ
ـﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴـ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌـ
ﺑﺮﺍﺀﺗﻪ ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺍﻵﰐ :ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻤﺔ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻭﺍﻕ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻄﺔ ﺃﺭﺑـﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭﺑَﻊْ ﻭﺃﺭْﺑْﻌَﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻕ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃﺭﺑَﻊ ﻭﺃﺭﺑْﻌَﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺣﺒﻠۤﺔ ﻭﻣﺮﺿﻌﺔ ﻭﻗـﺪّﺍﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﺑﻌـﺔ
ﻭﻳﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﺍﻷﺏ ﻣﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﻏﺼﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺴﻤﻲ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ
ﻃﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻋﺎﳉﺒﻞ ﺗﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﺩﻭﺍ ﻟﻠﺤَﺒَﻞ.
ﺫﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ :ﺃَﺭْﺑَﻴَﺪ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺖ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺴـﻤﻲ
ﺍﻷﺭْﺑٔﻌٔﺔ ﺇٕﻻ ﺭٕﺑْﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﰲ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﻭﲪـﺎﺓ: ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻠﲔ :ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺎﺕ
ﻣﺎﺷﻔﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺮﺍ ﻛٕﻨّﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺍّﻻ ﺭﺑـﻊ ﺿۤـﺎﻏﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺭْﺑَﻴَﺪﻳﱢﺔ.
ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ :ﺭﻣﺰﻭﺍ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﲝﺬﻑ ﺃﺣﺮﻑ "ﺭﺑـﻊ"
ﻣﻦ "ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻪْ" ﻓﻴﺒﻘﻰ ﺍﻩ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺁﻩ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻊ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﲤﺠﻜﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺃﺭﺑﻌـﺔ ،ﺃﺭﺩﻓﻮﻫـﺎ
ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﺮﺿﻰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ :ﺻﺤﺎﺑۤﺔ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ.
ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺑۤﻜَﻨﻔْﻮٓﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺤﺔ ،ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻌﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﲏ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ :ﻧﺴﻴﺞ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ :ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺟﻮﺭﺓ ،ﺃﻭ:
ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﻭﻗْﻔَﻚ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ) :ﳚﻌﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﺑﺔ(.
ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻞ ،ﻭﰲ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ
ﻋُﻘَﺪ ﺑﺎﳋﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﰲ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﻌﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻤّـﻞ ﻻﺳـﻢ ]ﻭﻳﻨﺘﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﻘﺪ ﳛﺮّﻑ ﻻﻋﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌـﺔ
ﻳَﻬﻮَﻩ. ﺇﱃ :ﻗﺮﻗﻌﺔ.
ﺃَﺭْﺑْﻌٔﺔ ﻭﻋٕﺸﺮﻳﻦ :ﺃﻭ :ﺃﺭﺑٔﺎ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[: ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺄﻝ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻭﻟﺪ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﻠﻌﺐ ،ﺩﻋـﺎ
ﻃٔﺒّٔﻖ ﺷﻐﻠﻮ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺑٔﺎ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺒﺴﻮﻁ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺑﺎ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ، ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻳﻠﻌﺐ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﺭﺍﺳﻮ ﺑﺎﳋﻤﺴﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺼـﺎﺏ
ﻭﺗَﻤّۤﺖ ﺍﳋﻄﺒﺔ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ :ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻛﻴﺐ ﻭﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍـﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺮﺍﻉ ﻓﺘﻀﻄﺮﺏ ﻳﺪﺍﻩ ﻭﺭﺟﻼﻩ ﻭﻳﺘﺒﻌﻬﺎ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ(.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﳍﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻣﻌﲎ
ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﳍﻨﺎﺀ ﺁﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﳋﺎﻟﺺ ﻫﻮ .٢٤ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺃﺟﺎ ﺭﺍﺑﻌﻨﺎ )ﻓﻴﻪ
ﺗﻠﻤﻴﺢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ :ﻭﺭﺍﺑﻌﻬﻢ ﻛﻠﺒﻬﻢ(.
ﻭﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﻓﺮﺿﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﻪ ﺇﱃ ٢٤
ﺟﺰﺀﺍً ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭ ﺇﻧﻪ ٢٤ﻗﲑﺍﻁ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺇﻧﻪ ٢٤ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻄﺮﺡ ﻹﺛـﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟـﺬﻛﺎﺀ:
ﺳﺎﻋﺔ. ﭼﺮﭼﻲ ﻋَﻨﺪﻭ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻭﺯﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﺰﻳﻦ ﻓﻴّٓﻦ ﺑﻮﺯﻧﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﺎﻟﺮﻃـﻞ
ﻟﻸﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺭﻃﻞ ،ﺃﺷّٕﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﻮﺯﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ؟ )ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ ١ :ﻭ ٣
ﻭ ٩ﻭ .(٢٧
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻋﺎﺷﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﺼﲑ ﻣٕﻨّٓﻦ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻢ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻧﺼـﻔﺎً
ﻭﻓﻴّٓﻦ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ ﺃﺧﺪ ﺗﺎﺭﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺳـﻨۤﺔ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﳊـﺎﻟﻮ: ﻭﺭﺑﻌﺎً ﻭﲦﻨﺎً ﻭﺛﻠﺜﺎً ﻭﺛﻠﺜﲔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻛﺴﻮﺭ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺠﻠﺖ ،ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺘُﻮﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﲔ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ )ﺍﻟﺘُﻮﺏ :ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟـﺘﲔ
ﻳﻠﻘﺢ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻳﻨﻀﺞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﲔ ﺑﺄﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻳﻮﻣﺎً(. ﺃﻣﺎ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺳٕﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﳑﺎ
ﳓﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﻳﺮﺩﺍ :ﺃﺎ ﺗﻜـﻮﻥ ﻃﻮﻳﻠـﺔ ﺣﺴـﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺼـﻮّﺭ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩِﻱ ﻛﻤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﲔ )ﺃﻱ ﺗﺘﻤﺔ ﻓﺘﺘﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﺃﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺋﺐ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﺼﺎﺑﺎً ﺏ ٣٩ﻣﺮﺿﺔ ﻭﺇﻧـﻪ
ﺃَﺭْﺑْﻌﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺭﺑَﻌﻮﻥ ﺭﻓﻌﺎً ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺑَﻌـﲔ
ﻟﻴﺘﻐﻮﻁ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﺴُﺮﻣﻪ ﻳﱰﻝ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﻫﺎﺩﻱ ﻛﻤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﲔ(.
ﻧﺼﺒﺎً ﻭﺟﺮﺍً :ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮﺍﺕ.
ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻴﻨﻴّۤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺘۤﺎ :ﺃﻭ :ﺍﳌﺮﺑﻌﻴﻨﻴّۤﺔ :ﻫﻲ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﻣﻦ
ﺃﺷﺪّ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺘﺎﺀ ﺑﺮﺩﺍً :ﻣﻦ ٢١ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺣـﱴ ﻏﺎﻳـﺔ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﻥ :ﺃﺭْﺑﲔ.
ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻳﻨﺔ :ﺃَﺭْﺑْﻌﲔ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻔﻄۤﻢ ﰲ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸـﺘﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻴﻢ.
ﺑﺴﺤﻞ ﺻﺮﻣﻮ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ
ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴۤﻒ :ﻫﻲ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺃﺷﺪّ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺑﻌﲔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻭﻟﻴﺎً ،ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻢ ﺃﻭﺗﺎﺩ
ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻒ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ :ﻣﻦ ٢٢ﺣﺰﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺣﱴ ٣١ﲤﻮﺯ. ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻓﻼ ﲣﻠﻮ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻧﺼّﺒﻮﺍ ﺁﺧـﺮ
ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻴّۤﺖ :ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟٕﺨﺘْﻤۤﺔ :ﻳﻮﺯﻋﻮﻥ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ ،ﻭﺇﻢ ﳚﺘﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﲔ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻣﻨـﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻓﺎﺓ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﻓﺘﺘﻠـﻰ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻭﺣﻪ. ﺟﺒﻞ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺭﳛﺎ ،ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺓ "ﻗﺮﻗﻠﺮ" ﰲ
ﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺟﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﺎﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻳﻘﻴﻤﻮﻥ ﺻـﻼﺓ ﺍﳌﻴـﺖ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﲔ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ :ﺍﻷﺑﺪﺍﻝ :ﻗﻮﻡ ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟـﻞ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻢ :ﻭﻫﻢ ﺳﺒﻌﻮﻥ :ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺛﻼﺛﻮﻥ ﺑﻐﲑﻫـﺎ،
ﻭﻟﻌﻞّ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﻻ ﳝﻮﺕ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺇﻻ ﻗﺎﻡ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ.
ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﳛﻨﻄﻮﻥ ﺍﳉﺜﺔ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻳﻮﻣﺎً.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻠّﻲ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻴـﻞ
ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨْﻔۤﺎﺱ] :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴـﺎﺀ ﺑﻄﻠﻊ ﻋﻮﭼّﻮ ﻛﱰ.
ﳒﺴﺔ ﻻﺗﻄﻬﺮ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻭﻻﺩﺎ ،ﻫﺬﺍ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﺫﻛﺮﺍً ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻧﺜﻰ ﻓﻼ ﺗﻄﻬﺮ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﺘﲔ ﻳﻮﻣﺎً. ﻭﳓﻦ ﺃﺩﺭﻛﻨﺎ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻫﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ
ﻣﺪﺓ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﻳﻘﻀﻮﺎ ﰲ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﻳﺎ ﺻﺎﺋﻤﲔ ﻣﺼﻠﲔ
ﻭﰲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻃﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﲤﻀﻲ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻄﻠـﻰ ﻻﻳﺘﺼﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﺄﺣﺪ.
ﺑﺎﳉﺪﻭﺩ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﰒ ﺗﻐﺘﺴﻞ ﻭﲤﻀﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻘـﺎﻡ ﺣﻔﻠـﺔ
ﻓﺮﺡ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻲ ﺣﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺘﺘَﻢّ
ﺃٕﺟﺮﻳۤﻪ ﻧﺴّۤﺔ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻳﻮﻡ.
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ﺍٕﺭﲡَﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﲡﻒ :ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻌﺪ. ﺍﻹﺭﺑﻴﻠﻲ :ﻟﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﺣﻠﺐ" ،ﻁ ﺩﻣﺸﻖ.
ﺍٕﺭﲡﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﺭﲡـﻞ: ﺍٕﺭْﺗَﺄَﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﺄَﻯ :ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﺗﻔﻜّﺮ ﻭﺗـﺄﻧّﻰ،
ﺗﻜﻠﻢ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻬﲕﺀ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ. ﺍﻟﺮﺃَﻱ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍٕﺭﺗَﺤٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﲢﻞ :ﺳﺎﺭ ﻭﻣﻀﻰ ،ﻋـﻦ ﺍٕﺭﺗﺎﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﺎﺏ :ﺷﻚّ.
ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﻇﻌﻦ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﻴٔﺎﺏ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﲢٔﺎﻝ.
ﺍٕﺭْﺗَﺎﺡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﺎﺡ :ﺃﺻﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺣﺔ ،ﺳُﺮّ،
ﺍٕﺭﺗَﺤٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺣﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﻓُﻌِـﻞ، ﻧﺸﻂ.
ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺭﺽ ﻣﺮﺗﺎﺣـﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﱂ
ﺍﺭْﺗَٔﺨﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﲣﻰ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺭﺧﻮﺍ )ﻣﺜﻠـﺚ ﺗﺰﺭﻉ.
ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ(.
ﺍٕﺭﺗﺎﺡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮٓﻥ ﺑٕﺮْﺗﺎﺡ ﻋﺎﻟﻄـﺎﺣﻮﻥ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻋﺪﱠﻯ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﻋﺎﳊـﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺷٕـﻔﺘﻮ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺍﺡ.
ﻣٕﺮﺗْﺨﻴّۤﺔ.
ﺍٕﺭﺗٔﺎﻍ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺭﺗﻐﻨﺎ ﺭﻭﻏﺔ ﻣْﺴﺨّﻤﺔ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﻌﺒۤﺖ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻭﺍﺭﲣۤﺖ ﺍﳌﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﻭّﻍ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭُ :ﲤﺮّﻍ .ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﺭﺗﺎﻍ،
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﻭﻧﻌﺲ(. ﰒ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻏﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻏﺔ.
ﺍٕﺭﺗﺪّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﺪّ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﺭﺟﻊ ﻭﲢﻮّﻝ. ﺃٔﺭٔﺗّﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺗّﺐ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ
ﺛﻼﺛﻲ ،ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻳﺼﺢّ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﻳﺎً ﺑﺈﱃ :ﺍﺭﺗﺪّۤﺕ ﺃﻟﻮ ﺭﻭٓﺣﻮٓ.
ﺍٕﺭﺗﺒﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﺒﻂ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑّـﺔ :ﺭﺑﻄﻬـﺎ ،ﰲ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺭُﻓﺾ :ﺍﺭﺗﺪّۤﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ.
ﺍﳊﺒﻞ :ﻧﺸﺐ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻠﻖ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﺪٔﺍﺩ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﺒٔﺎﻁ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺧﺪ ﻭﺭﺩّ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺗﺪّ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﰲ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ.
ﺍٕﺭْﺗَﺪَﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﺪﻉ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺭﺩﻋﻪ :ﻛﻔّﻪ
ﺍٕﺭﺗَﺒَﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﺒﻚ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ :ﺗﺘﻌﺘـﻊ،
ﻭﺭﺩّﻩ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻣﺮُﻩ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮَﺣَﻞ :ﻧﺸـﺐ ،ﻭﻛـﺬﺍ ﰲ
ﺍٕﺭْﺗَﺪَﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﻠﻤﺔَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺍﳍﻠﻜﺎﺕ.
ﺳﺪّﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺩﻡ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺮﺑﻚ ﻭﺗﻠﺒﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﻚ.
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ﺍٕﺭﺗَﻌٔﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺶ :ﺃﺧﺬﺗـﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﻋـﺪﺓ، ﺍٕﺭْﺗَﺰﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗـﺰﻕ ﺍﳉﻨـﺪُ :ﺃﺧـﺬﻭﺍ
ﺍﺭﲡﻒ ﻭﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ. ﺃَﻋﻄﻴﺘَﻬﻢ.
ﺍٕﺭﺗﻐﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﻐﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ :ﺃﺭﺍﺩﻩ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﺰٔﺍﻕ.
ﺍٕﺭﺗﻔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ: ﺍٕﺭْﺗَﺴَﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺳﻢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺘﺐ
ﺿﺪ ﻭﺿﻌﻪ ،ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺑﻠﻎ ﻣﱰﻟﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،ﺗﻘﺪّﻡ ،ﺍﻟﺴـﻌﺮُ :ﻏـﻼ، ﺭﲰﺎً ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﺭﺗﺴﻢ ﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺯﺍﻝ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺭﺗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤۤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷـﻔَﻔٓﻦ،
ﺍٕﺭﺗَﻘٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﻓﻴـﻪ ﻭﺇﻟﻴـﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﺴﻢ ﰲ ﻓﻜﺮﻱ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﺣﺒﻴﱯ.
ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺻَﻌِﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺃﺻﺎﺏ ﺭُﻗﻴّﺎً ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎً.
ﺍٕﺭْﺗَﺴَﻢ :ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﺭﺗﺴﻢ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻛﺎﻫﻨـﺎً،
ﺍٕﺭﺗﻘٔﺺ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺮﺗﻘۤﺺ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻭ ﺃﻭ :ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺭُﻗﻲ ﺇﱃ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻛﺎﻫﻦ .ﻭﰲ "ﺍﳌﻨﺠـﺪ" :ﺍﺭﺗﺴـﻢ
ﺧﻮﻓﻮ ،ﻭﻫﺪﺍﻙ ﺷﻮﺍﺭﺑﻮ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺮﺗﻘۤﺺ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻀﺒﻮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﺍﺭﺗﻘﻰ ﺇﱃ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻛﻨﺎﺋﺴﻴﺔ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﻘـﻞ :ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻌـﺒﲑ
ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻗﺺ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﻫﺘﺰّ ﺗﺄﺛﺮﺍً. ﺳﺮﻳﺎﱐ.
ﺍٕﺭﺗٔﻘٔﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﻢ ﻋﻨّﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺍٕﺭْﺗَﺶّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺭﺗﺸّۤﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺎﳌٔﻲ ،ﻭﺍﺭﺗﺶّ
ﻛﺮﻗﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻗـﻢ ﺍﻟﺜـﻮﺏَ ﺍﻟٔﻤٔﺰﻫﺮ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺵّ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ :ﻧﻀﺤﻪ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧﻄّﻄﻪ ﻭﻋﻠّﻤﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻻﻳﻔﻬﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻗﻢَ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ ﺇﻻ
ﺭﻗَﻌَﻪ. ﺍٕﺭﺗَﺸﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﺸَﻰ :ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﻮﺓ.
ﺍٔﺭﺗَﻜﻰ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺗﻜﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍٕﺭْﺗٔﺺّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺻّﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﻢّ
ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻌﺾ.
ﺍٕﺭﺗﻜﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑـﺔَ :ﺭﻛﺒـﻬﺎ،
ﺍﻟﺬﻧﺐَ :ﺍﻗﺘﺮﻓﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﻴﺨﻲ! ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺗﺮﺗﺺّ ﺃﺩﻥ ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻟﺪ
ﻣﺎﻋﻢ ﺑﺴﻤﻊ ﱄ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎﺏ ﺟﺮﻡ.
ﺍٕﺭﺗﺾّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﺾّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗﻜﺴّﺮ.
ﺍٕﺭﺗﻜﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺰ :ﺛﺒﺖ ﰲ ﳏﻠّﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮّ،
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎ :ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ. ﺍٕﺭﺗَﻀٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﻀﺎﻩ ﳋﺪﻣﺘﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻟﺼﺤﺒﺘﻪ:
ﺭﺿﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﺭﺁﻩ ﺃﻫﻼً ﳍﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﻜٔﺎﺯ.
ﺍٕﺭﺗﻌﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺐ :ﺧﺎﻑ ﻭﻓﺰﻉ.
ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻜﺎﺯ :ﰲ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﳊِﻴَﻞ ﻟـﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ:
ﺍٕﺭﺗﻌﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺪ :ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻌـﺶ،
ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﻗﻮّﺗﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ.
ﺃﺧﺬﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺪﺓ.
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﺴﺤﻘﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺻﺪﺍﻑ ﻭﻳﺘﺨـﺬﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭْﺗٓﺪ ﻭٓﻛﺴﺎٓ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ
ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻷﺭﺟﻮﺍﻥ. ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺭْﺗَﺪﻭﻛَﺎ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺟﻴﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑﻦ :ﻓﻀﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻘِﻠـﻰ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺛﻮﺫﻭﻛﺴﻴﺔ ﻛﻨﻴﺴﺔ ﺷﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻗﺪﳝﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺭﺑﻌـﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﺲ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻔﻰﺀ. ﻛﺮﺍﺱ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭﺭﺷﻠﻴﻢ ﻭﺃﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴﺔ )ﻭﻣﻘﺮﻩ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺩﻣﺸـﻖ(
ﻭﺍﻹﺳﻜﻨﺪﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺇﺳﻨﺘﺒﻮﻝ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺳﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻜﻮﱐ
ﻭﻟﻪ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻮﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺑﲔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺳﻲ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻭﺛﻴﻖ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻭﻥ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺫَﻝ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺫُﻝ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻـﺎﺭ -ً ٢ﺟَﻪ :ﺍﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﺒﻴﲔ ﲤﻴﺰ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ.
ﺧﺴﻴﺴﺎً ﺭﺩﻳّﺎً.
-ً ٣ﺁﻳﺎﻕ :ﺍﻟﻘَﺪَﻡ.
ﺍﻷﺭْﺯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺷﺠﺮ ﺣﺮﺟﻲّ ﺻﻠﺐ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻣـﻦ
ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻮﺑﺮﻳﺎﺕ ،ﻻ ﲦﺮ ﻟﻪ. ﺍﻷﺭْﺣٔﻢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﲪﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﺭﻕّ
ﻟﻪ.
ﻳﻌﺪ ﺧﺸﺒﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻓﺨﺮ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﻭﺃﻗﻮﺍﻫﺎ ﻭﺃﺫﻛﺎﻫـﺎ
ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻮﻃﻨﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺟﺒﺎﻝ ﻫﻴﻤﺎﻻﻳﺎ ﻭﺟﺒـﺎﻝ ﻃـﻮﺭﻭﺱ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺯﺓ ﺍﳌﻘـﱪﺓ ﻳﻨـﺎﺩﻭﻥ :ﻳـﺎﺃﺭﺣﻢ
ﻭﺟﺒﺎﻝ ﺃﻃﻠﺲ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺋﺮ ﻭﺟﺒﺎﻝ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ. ﺍﻟﺮﺍﲪﲔ! ﺇﻥ ﱂ ﺗﺮﺣﻢ ﻣَﻦ ﻳﺮﺣﻢ؟ ﻭﻳﺘﺤﺪﺛﻮﻥ ﺬﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻼﻏﺔ
ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻷﺩﱏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺩﻋـﺎﺋﻬﻢ:
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭﺯﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭﺯَﺍ. ﺟﱪﺍً ﺗﺮﺣﻢ :ﻫﺬﺍ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛَﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﺃﺭﺯ. ﺃَﺭّٔﺥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭّﺥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏَ :ﻭﻗّﺘﻪ ،ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﺎً.
ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃۤﺭۤﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﲏ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﺘﺎﻧـﺔ ،ﻭـﺎ ]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺑﺢ ﺃﺣـﺪﻫﻢ
ﺳُﻤّﻲ. ﺍﳌﺮﺱ ﺃﻧﺸﺪ:
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻳﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﺍﻷﺭْﺧٔﺒﻴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻥ. :ARCHIPELﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺟﺰﺭ ﲝﺮ ﺇﳚَﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺟﺰﺭ ﺩﻭﺩﻳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰ.
ﻭﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺷﻐّﻞ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺁﻻﻑ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻗﺘﻄﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷٔﺭﺧٔﺺ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺧـﺺ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ
ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﳍﻴﻜﻞ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﳓﻂ ﺳﻌﺮﻩ.
ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﳌﺆﺭﺥ "ﺑﻠﲔ" ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩ ﻻﻳﻄـﺮﺃ ﻋﻠـﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺭﺧﺺ ﻣﺎﻟﻔﺠﻞ.
ﺧﺸﺐ ﺍﻷﺭﺯ ،ﻣﺴﺘﺸﻬﺪﺍً ﻴﻜﻞ ﺩﻳﺎﻧﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺇﻓﺴﺲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﺑﻘﻲ ٤٠٠ﻋﺎﻡ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻕ. ﺍﻷٕﺭْﺩْﻧۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﻗـﻮﳍﻢ :ﺑﻀـﺎﻋﺔ
ﺃﺭْﺩْﻧۤﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﳉـﻨﺲ ﻭﺍﳌﻘـﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﳌﻘـﺎﻳﻴﺲ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٧ﺹ ٧٣٦ﻭ :ﺱ ١١ﺹ ٥٥٣ﻭ :ﺱ ٨٩ﺹ . ٥٤ ﻭﺿﺪّﻫﺎ :ﺍﻟﭽﻮﺏ .ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﻧﺔ ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ. ORDONNÉEﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻨﻈّﻤﺔ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻮﻃﺄ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺑﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﺍﻹٕﺭﺳﺎﻟﻴّۤﺔ :ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﺮﺳﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﻦ:
ﻋﻠﻤﻲ :ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻐﻠﻒ ﺍﳉﺬﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﺜﺎﻟـﺚ -ً ١ﻣﻮﺍﺩّ ﻟﻠﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎﻭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﳘﺎ.
ﺳﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﻔﺼﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ.
-ً ٢ﺃﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﻳﻘﻮﻣﻮﻥ ﲟﻬﻤﺔ ﻛﻬﻨﻮﺗﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺒﺸﲑﻳﺔ
ﻭﻟﻔﻦ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﺃﻧﺜﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﺫﻟﻚ ﻷـﺎ ﺗﻠﻘـﻒ ﺃﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ...
ﺍﻟﺒﺬﻭﺭ ﻭﺗﻌﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎً :ﺷﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ،ﺃﻻ ﺗﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻞ ﺯﺭﻋﺎ
؟ ،ﺃﻧﺜﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻲّ ﻭﺍﻵﺭﻱّ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﱢﺚ. ﺍﻷٔﺭْﺳْﺘﻮٓﻗﺮﺍﻃﻲ :ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﺣﻜﻢ ﺃﺭﺳﺘﻮﻗﺮﺍﻃﻲ ﻭﺭﺟﻞ
ﺃﺭﺳﺘﻮﻗﺮﺍﻃﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺒﻘﺔ ﺃﺭﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺃﺭﺳﺘﻮﻗﺮﺍﻃﻴﺔ ،ﻣﻦ
ﰒ ﺃﻻ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻣﺮﻳﲔ ﺍﻵﺭﻳﲔ ﺟﲑﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﻣﻴﲔ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ARISTOKRATIYA :ﺗﻄﻠـﻖ
ﻳﻌﺒﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻫﺎﺯﺟﲔ ﰲ ﺻﻠﻮﺍﻢ :ﺃﻣّﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﺣﺒﻴﺒﺘﻨـﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﲢﺖ ﻳﺪ ﻋـﺪﺩ ﻣـﻦ
ﺇﳍﺘﻨﺎ ،ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻨﺎ ،ﺿﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺟﻴﺎﻝ ﺑﻌـﺪﻧﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻜﺮﳝـﺔ ﺍﳊﻨـﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻠﲔ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﲔ :ARISTOS :ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻴﻪ ،ﺍﻟﺼﺎﱀ،
ﺍﻟﺮﺀﻭﻡ... ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺿﻞ ،ﻭ :KRATOSﺍﳊُﻜﻢ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﻯ :ﺳـﻠﻄﺔ
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﺪ، ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻠﲔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﻥ.
ﻭﺃﳘﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﺎﻳﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻮﻩ ﺛﺮﻭﺓ :ﺃﳘﻠـﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﺭْﺿـﲔ ﻭﺍﻷﺭَﺿـﲔ ﺃَﺭْﺳَﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ :ﺑﻌﺜﻪ ﻟﻴﺆﺩﻳﻬـﺎ ،ﺇﱃ
ﻭﺍﻷُﺭﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻵﺭﺍﺽ ﻭﺍﻷﺭْﺿﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭَﺿﺎﺕ. ﻛﺬﺍ :ﻭﺟّﻬﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭﺽ ﻭﺃﺭﺍﺿـﻲ ،ﻭﻟﻔﻈـﺖ ﺃَﺭﺷَﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭﺷﺪﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻟـﻪ:
ﺿﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻇﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺎﺑﻌﻬﺎ. ﻫﺪﺍﻩ ﻭﺩﻟّﻪ.
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺁﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼـﻐﺮﻯ :ﺃﺭﺿـﺮﻭﻡ، ﺍﻷﺭﺷَﺪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭَﺷَـﺪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ :ﺃﺭﻇﺮﻭﻡ. ﺍﻫﺘﺪَﻯ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺃﺭﺽ ﻭﺃﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﲑ. ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻻﻋﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻧﻜﺎﻥ ﻟـﺪﻯ ﻃﺮﺣـﻪ ﻭﺭﻗـﺔ:
ﺍﻷﺭﺷﺪ ﻓﺎﻷﺭﺷﺪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺍﻃﺮﺡ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﺪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﰒ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻭﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻭﺻﻼﻥ ﳍﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﺍٕﻻ ﻭﻏﺮﻳﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳـﺔ:
ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎﻗﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻨّۤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺽ ،ﻳﺎﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﺷﺘﺪّﻱ ﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻗـﺪﱢﻱ، .EARTH
ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﲑﻗٓﺺ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻋﻮﺟﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ.ARD :
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﭽﻜﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘـﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﺴـﻄﻮﺡ ﺑﺘﺴـﻠﻘّﺎﻩ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﺮﻕْ ﻣﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﻟﻠﺴﻤﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺇٕﻧﺴﺎﻥ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ.
ﻭﺇٕﻧﺴﺎﻥ ،ﺳﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻦ )ﻭﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ( ﺑﺄﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﺗﺎ ﻭﺳـﺘﲔ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻣﺎ ﲞﻠﻲ ﲪـﻞ ﻋـﺎﻷﺭﺽ، ﻭﻋﻤﺮ ﺍﳊﺎﺝ ﻗﺪّﻭﺭ ﺑﺄﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﲔ ،ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﻣـﺎ ﻳﺼـﻴﺐ
ﻣﺼﺎﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﺮ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺒـﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻃﻴـﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻌﻞ ﺍﳊﺬﺍﺀ :ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻞ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻼﻋﺒﲔ
ﺑﺘﺸﺮﺏ ﻣﺎﺀﺍ ﻭﻣﺎﺀ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺘَﻢّ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺽ. ﺑﺎﻻﺳﻜﻤﺒﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻷﳌﺘﺶ ﺃﻟﱵ :ﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ :ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺗﻜﺸﻒ ﻭﳚﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻮﻋﻬﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺪﻟﻞ ﻭﻟﺪﻩ ﻛـﺜﲑﺍً: ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺘﻘﻠۤﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺭ) :ﲢﻮﻟﻪ(.
ﺍﺗﺮﻛﻮٓ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺘﺮﰊ ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﲑ ،ﺃﺷﺒﻮ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻌﺮٓﺝ ﻋﻀﺘﻮ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﺭﻛﺐ ﺣﺼﺎﻧﻮ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﻨﻬﺐ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺐ. ]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﻴﻘﺴﻤﻮﻥ :ﻭﺣﻖ ﻣٕﻦ ﴰﺸﻢ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ
ﻭﻋﻨﻄﺰ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺍﺷﻬﺎﺩ ﻳﺎﺩٕﺯّ.
ﻭﰲ ﺯﺣﻠﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻗﺮﻃُﺘﻮ ﻛﻒ ﺧﻠّﻴﺘـﻮ ﻳﻘـﺮﻁ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﳏﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺗـﻮﺭ
ﻭﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﻌﺐ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺑﻨﻘﻼ ﻟﻠﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱐ ﻭﺑﺘﺼﲑ ﺯﻟﺰﻟۤﺔ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺯﻧﺰﻟﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺷﻘﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺷـﺮﺏ ﺃﺩﻭﻳـﺔ ﻛـﻼ ،-ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺷﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎ ﲟﻨﺎﻣﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎ ﲢﺖ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻓﻮﻕ
ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻣﺎﻧﻚ ﺷﺎﻳﻒ ﻓﺮﻭﰐ ﻋﻢ ﲜﺮّﺍ ﻋـﺎﻷﺭﺽ ،ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺎﻟﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ ،ﻭﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳉﻦ ﺗﺴﻜﻦ ﲢـﺖ
ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧۤﻪ ،ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻗﻔﺮﺍ ﻧﻔﺮﺍ ﻭﺍﳌﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﻌﻴـﺪ ،ﺻـﻔّﻰ ﻓـﻼﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺻﺒّﻴﻨﺎ ﻣٔﻲ ﻏﺎۤﻟﻴۤﺔ ﻻﺯۤﻡ ﻧﺰَﻣﺰۤﻕ )ﻳﻌﲏ ﻧﺒﻮﺱ ﺍﳉﻦ(
ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ )ﺃﻓﻠﺲ( ،ﺍﻧﺸﻘﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺑﻠﻌﺘﻮ ،ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﺷﻘﻮﺍ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﻧﺼﻴﺢ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺎﺿﺮﻳﻦ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻃﻠﻌﻮﺍ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻷﺭٔﺿٔﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺣﺸﺮﺓ ﺗﻘﺮﺽ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ :ﳌﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﰲ ﻣﺼـﺮ
ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ. ﻛﻨﺖ ﺍﻧﻂ ﺗْﻠَﺖ ﺍﺩﺭﻉ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻫﻨﻴﻚ ﺃﺭﺽ ﻭﻫﻮﻥ ﺃﺭﺽ.
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﳊَﺮﺷَﻒ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳊﺮﺷﻮﻑ ﻓﻌـﺎﻣﻲ ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ١٩ﻋﺪﺩ ١١ﺹ ٤٦ﻭ :ﺱ ٢١ﻋﺪﺩ ٢ﺹ ٤٦ﻭ :ﺱ
٥ﻋﺪﺩ ١٠ﺹ ٦٣ﻭ :ﺱ ٨ﻋﺪﺩ ١ﺹ ٤٥ﻭ :ﺱ ٧ﻋﺪﺩ ٨ﺹ ٤٣
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﰊ. ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ١٠ﺹ ٤٨ﻭ :ﺱ ١٧ﻋﺪﺩ ١ﺹ ٧٠ﻭ :ﺱ ١٤ﻋﺪﺩ ٣ﺹ ٥٠ﻭ :
ﺱ ٣ﻋﺪﺩ ١١ﺹ ٤٥ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ٩ﺹ ٤٧ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ١ﺹ . ٦١
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ALCACHOFRA :
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٢٨ﺹ . ٥٤٩
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺃﻧﻜِﻨـﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺍﲰـﻪ
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ :ﺱ ١٤ﻋﺪﺩ ٦٨٨ﺹ . ١٨
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ.
ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﱪﺑﺮ. ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﳌﺸﻨﻘﺔ :ﺍﻵﻥ ﺟﺎﺩﺓ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻡ ﰲ
ﺣﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺭﺿﺎً ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ،ﻧﻔـﺬﺕ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣـﺔ
ﺑﺪﻭّ ﺩﻫﺐ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻧﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻏﻴﺪ ﺯﻏﺎﺭ ﻣﺎﺑﻴﺎﺧٓﺪ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺇﺩّﻱ ﺷﲑ :ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ ﻏﺮﻳﺒﺔ ،ﻓﻠﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﺳـﻢ
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺎً ﻟﻘﻴﻞ :ﺍﻟﺸﻮﻙ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻲ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ﺃﺭﺩ ﺷﺎﻫﻲ.
ﺃَﺭْﻏٔﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭﻏﻤﻪ :ﺃﺫﻟّﻪ ،ﲪﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣـﺎ
ﻳﻜﺮﻫﻪ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻒ ﺑﺘﺸﺘﻬﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻲ ﺷـﻮﻛﻲ
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﲤﺘﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﻩ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ "ﺷﻮ"(.
ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮَﻏﺎﻡ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﰊ:
ﺃﻱ :ﻋﻔّﺮﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺮَﻏﺎﻡ :ﻭﻫﻮ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﳜﺘﻠﻂ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺭﻣﻞ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٣٣ﺹ . ٥٢٧
ﺍﻷٔﺭْﻣٔﺎﻥ] :ﻣﻦ ﻃﺒﻴﺨﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺑﻌﻈﻤﻪ ﻳﺴـﻠﻖ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺶ :ﻓﺮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺎﺭ :ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﺣﻠـﺐ،
ﻭﻳﻄﺒﺦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻮﻋﲔ: ﻳﻌﺪﻭﻥ ٥٠ﺧﻴﻤﺔ.
-ً ١ﺑﺎﳊﺼﺮﻡ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺃﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﲝﺼﺮﻡ. ﺃﺭﻗﻄﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻄﻔُﺠﻲ :ﺗﻮﱃ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣـﺎﺕ ﺱ
٧٥٠ﻫـ.
-ً ٢ﺑﺎﻟﻠﱭ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺃﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻠﱭ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺸـﺎﻡ ﻳﺴـﻤﻰ:
ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻛﺮﻳﺔ. ﺍﻷﺭﻛﺎﻥ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﺮﺏ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻱ
ﻋﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﻦ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘـﻮﻩ
ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃٔﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃٔﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﺒﺎﰊ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭﺱ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳊـﺮﺏ،
ﻛﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺑﺔ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﲰﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻛﺘﻔﺎﺀً. ﻭﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺗﺒﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﺮﺏ.
ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺃٔﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﻬﻮﺓ ﺍﻷﺭﻛﺰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻛﺰ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺮﺓ.
ﺃﺭﻛﻤﺎﺱ :ﺗﻮﱃ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ
ﺍﻷٔﺭْﻣٔﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌٔﺎﻭﻱ :ﻟﻘﺒﻮﺍ ﺳﻠﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﻱ.
ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﺎﻭﻱ ،ﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻔﺎً ﳍﺎ ،ﻷﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﳌﺎ ﺳﺎﺩ
ﻃﻐﻰ ،ﰒ ﻭﺻﻔﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺒﻌﺎﻭﻱ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﺭْﻛَﻞَ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﻛﻴﻠﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺃﺭﻛَﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﻨﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻼﻓﻠـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼـﻞ ﺩﺧﻦ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﻡ.
ﺍﻷﺭْﻣَﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺎﻳﻀﻔﺮ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺃﺭﻣﻐﺎﻧﺎﺕ.
ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃَﺭﻣﻞَ ﺍﳊﺒﻞَ :ﻃﻮّﻟﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﲤﻠﻘﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻷﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺳـﻔﺮ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺗﺘﺠﻮﺯ ﻗـﻮﺍﻡ ﺍﳌﺴﺎۤﻓﺮ ﺍٕﻟﻜٓﻦ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﻣﻐﺎﻥ ﺍٕﻟﻨﺎ.
ﻻﺯﻡ ﻳﺎﺧﺪﻭﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﻣﻼ ﻭﻳﺒﻴﺘﻮﻫﻦ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﱵ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﺸﺮﺩﻕ ﻭﻫﻮّۤﻩ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻴﺎﻛـﻞ
ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﳚﻴﻪ ﺃٔﺭﻣﻐﺎﻥ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﲞﻴﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺃٕﻣّﻚ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻨﺎﻡ ﺇٕﻻ ﺗﺘﻨـﻴﻢ ﻋﺒـﺪﻳﻦ
ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ) :ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻠﲔ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﻟﻄﻴﻒ ﺷـﻘﺪّ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ﺣﻴـﺎﺓ
ﺍﻷﺭْﻣَﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻣﺎﺗﺖ ﺯﻭﺟﻪ. ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻭﻟۤﺔ ﻣﻌﻘﺪﺓ ،ﺑَﺘْﺬﻛﺮ ﺧﺎﱄ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﻟﺪ ﳌﺎ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳْﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻟَﺒﻴـﺖ
ﲪﺎﻩ ﰲ "ﻛﻠﺰ" ،ﻭﻛۤﻬْﻨۤﻪ ﻛﻠّﺰ ،ﺗﻘْﺸﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻠۤﺔ ﻛﻼّ ﺗَﺘْﻮﺩﻋﻮ ﻭﻋﻢ
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ :ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﻣﺎﺕ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ. ﺑﺘﺒﻜﻲ ﻭﺑﺘﻨﻔﺦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺁﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺳﻲ ،ﻭﻣﺴﻜﲔ ﻃﻠﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺘـﻮٓ
ﺑَﻜﻴّﺮ ﻟَﻴﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﺍﻷٔﺭﻣﻐﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻫٔﻠّﻖ ﺭﺟﻊ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺭﺍﻣﻞ.
ﺧٕﺪﻱ ﻳﺎﻣﺮﺍ ﻫﺎﻷٔﺭﻣﻐﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺭﺑﻄﻲ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ
ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃَﻟْﻤَﻦ.
ﺃٔﺭﻣﻐﺎﻧﻮ ،ﻷٔﺑﻮﻛﻲ ﻭﻷٕﻣﻚ ﻭﻷٕﺧﻮﺗﻚ ﻭﺧَﻮﺍﺗﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺭْﻣْﻼٓ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧـﺚ :ﺃﺭﻣَﻠْﺘـﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻳﺘﻮٓ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﺍﺑﺔ ﺣﻠﺒﻴۤﺔ ﻭﺻﺎﺑﻮﻥ ﻣﻄﻴﺐ ﻭﻛﻴـﺎﺱ ﺗﻔﺮﻳـﻚ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭْﻣَﻼَ ﻭﺃﺭْﻣﻠﺘَﺎ. ﺼﻤَﺔ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻤﻲ ﺣٕﺼﺔ ﺻﺎﺣﱯ ﺟﻮﺍﺩ
ﻭﻋﺮﻣﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ ﻭﻛﻨﺎﻓۤﺔ ﺑَ ْ
ﺁﻏﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﻑ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻋﺰﺏ ﺩﻫـﺮ ﻭﻻ ﺃﺭﻣـﻞ ﺷـﻬﺮ،
ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻠۤﺔ ﺑﺘﺮﻭ ﻋﺎﻟﻄﺎﺣﻮﻥ ﺑﺼﲑ ﻻ ﺩﻭٓﺭ ،ﻳﺎﺃﺭﺍﻣﻞ ! ﻭﻳﺎﺑﻨﺎﺕ ! ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻮ ﺑﻨﺘﻮ :ﻭﻣﻨﻮ ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺟﻮﺍﺩ ﺁﻏﺎ ؟
ﻗﻮﻣﻮﺍ ﻋﻴﻨﻮ ﺍﻮﱠﺯﺍﺕ.
-ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺰﱄ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺯﺍﺭﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺳـﻨﺘﲔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠْـﺒﺲ
ﻭﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ ﻃﺎﺣﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﺋﻲ ﻛـﺒﲑ ﺭﻭﻣـﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﻌﻬـﺪ ﻣٕﻠﺘﺎﻥ ﳎﻠﻮﻕ ﻭﲢﺘﻮ ﺑﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﲞﺒﻴّﺎ ﲢﺖ ﺩﻛﺔ ﻟﺒﺎۤﺳﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎۤﺯﻝ
ﻳﺴﻤﻰ :ﻃﺎﺣﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻞ. ﻓﻮﻕ ﺻﺮﻣﺎﻳﺘﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠۤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺭﺍ.
ﺍﻷﺯﺩَﺟﻲ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺟﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺼـﻴﺪﱄ، ﺃٔﺭْﻫٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺭﻫﻘﻪ ﺃَﻣﺮﺍً ﺻﻌﺒﺎً :ﻛﻠّﻔﻪ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﺯﺩﺟﻴّﺔ.
ﺍﻷٔﺭﻭٔﻯ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺭَﻭِﻱ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳌـﺎﺀ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺟﻲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﻘﻊ ﻏﻠﺘﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻮﻯ.
ﺍﻷﺯﺩَﺧٔﺎﻧَﻪ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ، ﺃَﺭْﻭﺍﺡ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ ﻓﻘﻂ :ﺃَﺭﻭﺍﺡ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻣﺾِ
ﻭﺍﻣﺶِ.
-ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ :-ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺪﻟﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻷٔﺭﻭٔﻉ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺭﺍﻋـﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﺍﻷﺯﺩٔﻕ :ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﺑـﻞ ﺃﻋﺠﺒﻪ ﲜﻤﺎﻟﻪ.
ﺃﺻﺪَﻕ.
ﺍﻷٔﺭﻭٔﻕ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﺍﺯﺩﺭٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ،ﺍﺯﺩﺭﺍﻩ: ﺻﻔﺎ.
ﺍﺣﺘﻘﺮﻩ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻕ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﺰﺩﻭﺝ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﺑﺎﺛﻨﲔ
ﳝﻴﻞ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺴﺎﻥ ﲨﺎﻝ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩ ﰲ ﻭﲨﻌﻬﺎ.
ﺍﳌﺴﻠﺦ ﻛﺘﲑﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ.
ﺍٕﺯّﺭْﺩَﻡ :ﺗْﺰّﺭْﺩﻡ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻷﺯﺭٔﻕ :ﻣﺌﺰﺭ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ،ﲰﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﻷﺯﺭﻕ ،ﻇﲏ ﻷﻧﻪ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺯﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ. ﺍﻷﺯﺭٔﻑ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻷﻇﺮﻑ.
ﺃﺯﺭﻕ ﺑْﺤﺒَﺎﻳۤﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ. ﺍﻷﺯﺭٔﻕ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻒ
ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ.
ﺃﺯﺭﻕ ﲝﻤﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺯﺭﻗﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺃﺯﺭﻕ ﺣﺼﺎﻭﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺯُﺭْﻕ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ.
ﺍٕﺯﺭﻕّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺯﺭﻕّ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﺯﺭﻕ.
ﻭﻳﺼﻴﻐﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺧﻼﻓﺎً ﻟﻠﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺯﺭﻕّ ﻣﻌﻼﻗْﻨﺎ ﻗٔﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺻﺤﻨﺎ، ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﺯﺭﻕ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ.
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳓﺴﺮ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺃﺯﺭﻕ.
ﺃَﺯﻋٔﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺯﻋﺠﻪ :ﺯﻋﺠﻪ.
ﻭﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺯٓﺭْﻗﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺯﻋٔﺎﺝ. ﺯَﺭْﻗَﺎ.
ﺍﻷﺯﻋٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﺎﺭﺓ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﻭﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﰲ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﻏﲔ ﻧﻮﻋﺎﻥ:
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﺳﻮﺀ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ،ﻻ ﻳﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ .ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﺎﺭﺓ
-١ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻣﻖ.
ﰲ "ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻀﺐ".
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ "ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ" ﻻﺣﻆ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺯﻋﺮ ﰲ -٢ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺷﻒ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻴﻪ
ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﺍﻟﻠﺺ ،ﺍﳋﺎﻃﻒ. ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻱ.
ﺃﺳﺄَﻡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺳﺄﻣﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺴﺄﻡ ﻭﻳﻀﺠﺮ ﻭﳝﻞّ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺘﺴَﻰ.
ﺃَﺳّﺎﻣۤﺔ :ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﻐﻨﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺱ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺃَﺳﱠﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺳّﺎﻩ :ﻋﺰّﺍﻩ :ﺻﺒّﺮﻩ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﻣﺎﺗﺖ ﺧﻠﻔﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﺧﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻮّﺍﺷﺔ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻭﺃَﺳّﺎﻣﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻘﻤﺮﺟﻲ ﺷﻮٓﻓﺘﻮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺰّﻭٓ
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺳّﻮﻡ ،ﻭﺃﺳّﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ. ﺑﺘﺄﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ.
ﺍﻷﺳّٔﺎﻧﺴﻮٓﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :ACENSEUR :ﻭﺿﻊ ﺃﺳﺎﺀ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺳﺎ.
ﳍﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﳌِﺼﻌَﺪ ،ﰒ ﺃﻗﺮّﻫﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼﺮ.
ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ،
ﺍﻻٕﺳﺒٔﺎﻛَﻴۤﱵ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ:SPAGHETTI : ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲡﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺃﺳُﺲ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ.
ﺍﳌﻌﻜﺮﻭﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻴﻌﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﻕ ﻳﻐﺸﻰ ﺳﻄﺤﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﳉﱭ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﻭﻡ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ ،ALICERCE :ﻭﰲ
ﺍﻻٕﺳﺒٔﺎﻧْﻴَﻪ :ﺃﻭ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺎ :ﲰﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻠﻮﻯ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺱ.
ﺍﳌﺴﻤﺎﺓ ﺧﺒﺰ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،PAIN D'ESPAGNEﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭﺍً
ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺃﺳٔﺎﺱ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ ﻷﺎ ﲣﺒﺰ ﰲ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗْﺸﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺇٕﱄ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﺘﲔ
ﻭﻋﺎﺀ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻞ. ﻭﺇٕﻟﻮٓ ﺍﻟﺘﻠْﺖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎً ﻭﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ.
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻯ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﺬ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻋﻔﺮﺍﻥ. ﺃَﺳﺎﺳﺎً] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎً ﺗﻔﻜﲑﻭ ﻴﻚ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ
ﺿﺨﻢ ﰲ ﺑﻠﺪ ﺯﻏﲑﺓ ﻏﻠﻂ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻭﳓﻮ ﺫﻟﻚ،
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻳﻼﺯﻡ ﺗﻨﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺄﻧَﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺄﻧﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺃﻧﺲ ﰲ " ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ " :ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻌﺮﰊ ،ﻷﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺱ ﺕ
ﻭﺫﻫﺐ ﺗﻮﺣﺸﻪ. ﺫ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻟﻠﻀﻴﻒ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻫﻢّ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺼﺮﺍﻑ: ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ " ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ " ﻣﺮﺓ " ﺃُﺳﻄﺎ " ﻭﻣﺮﺓ
" ﺃﺳﻄﻰ ".
ﻛﻮٓ ﻣﺴﺘﺄﻧﺴﲔ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃُﺳﻄﻪ ﻭﺃﺳﺘٔﺎﺩ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺃُﺳﺘٔﺎ،
ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨٕﺰﻋۤﻞ ﻣﻨﻜٓﻦ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺃُﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﻭﺃُﺳﺘﺎﺫﻳّﺖ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺄﻧﻒ :ﺍﺳﺘﺌﻨﺎﻑ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻲ
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻞ :ﺃﺳﻄﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ.
ﺗﺮﻛﻲ :ﺭﻓﻊ ﺣﻜﻢ ﳏﺎﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺇﱃ ﳏﻜﻤﺔ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻲ ﳏﻜﻤﺔ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺌﻨﺎﻑ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺄﻧﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﺃُﺳﻄﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺯ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻷٔﺳﺘﺎﺫ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻣﺎﺳﻮﱐ :ﻟﻘﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ
ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﻧَﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﻧﺔ. ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺎﻫَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺄﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﻭﺗﺴﻬّﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﰊ :ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻣﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﰲ
ﳘﺰﺗﻪ( :ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻘﻪ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻜﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ،ﻭﻋﺪّﻫﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻭﻥ ﻋﺎﻣّﻴّﺔ. ﻣﻌﺎً.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺧﺎﻟﻒ ﻭﻟﺪ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺫﻭﻳﻪ ﻭﺃﺻﻴﺐ ﺍٕﺳﺘﺄﺫﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺄﺫﻥ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻹﺫﻥ.
ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻣﺴﺘﺎﻫﻞ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺌﺬٔﺍﻥ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘَﺒﺎﺡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺄﺳﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺄﺳﺪ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﻷﺳﺪ
ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺎً ،ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺒﻪ ،ﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺘﺤﺮّﺝ.
ﺟﺮﺃﺓً.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺎﺣﺎ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺄﺳﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺄﺳﺮ ﻟﻪ :ﺃﻭﻗﻊ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ
ﺍٕﺳﺘِﺒﺎﻧَﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ: ﺃﺳﲑﺍً ﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺧﺬﻩ ﺃﺳﲑﺍً.
ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺴﺘﺄﺳﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺘﻮ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘَﺒَﺪّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪّ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺗﻔﺮّﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ
ﻏﲑﻩ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺒﻘٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺒﻘﺎﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ،ﺍﺮﻡَ: ﺍٕﺳﺘﱪٔﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ :ﺍﻻﺳﺘﱪﺍﺀ
ﻋﻔﺎ ﻋﻨﻪ. )ﻭﻳﻘﺼﺮ( :ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻝ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺠﺎﺀ :ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺛﺮ
ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﻂ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺒﻘٔﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﱪﺍﺀ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻗﻲ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﺍﺀ
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺒﻜَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺒﻜﺎﻩ :ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﻜﻴﻪ، ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪَﻳﻦ.
ﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﻜﻲ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﱪﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﱪﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍً
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺘﺎﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺎﺑﻪ :ﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻮﺏ، ﺃﻭ ﻋﺪّﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍً.
ﻋﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﳑﺎ ﺍﻗﺘﺮﻑ.
ﻭ" ﻣﱳ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ " ﺧﻼ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘَﺘَﺐّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺐّ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎﻡ،
ﺍﻃّﺮﺩ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮّ. ﺍٕﺳﺘﺒﺴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺴﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺕ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ:
ﻭﻃّﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﻃﺮﺡ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﺏ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳَﻘﺘﻞ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺑﲑ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﺘّﺐ. ﺃﻭ ﻳُﻘﺘَﻞ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺘﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺮ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺳﺘﺮﻩ ﺍٕﺳﺘﺒﺸﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺸﺮ :ﻓﺮﺡ ﻭﺳُﺮّ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻏﻄﺎﻩ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﻫۤﺘْﺒَﺸَﺮ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺘٔﺎﺭ.
ﻭﰲ ﺧﻴﻤﺔ ﻛﺮﺍﻛﻮﺯ ﻳﺴﻠﻢ ﻋﻴﻮﺍﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺮﺍﻛﻮﺯ:
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺘﺮﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘُﺮﻙ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺻﺎﺭ
ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺎً. ﻟﻮ ﺗﻌﻠﻢِ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﰲ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺍﺭَﻫﺎ ﻓﺮﺣﺖ
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺜﻘﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻘﻠﻪ :ﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺪّﻩ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺸﺮﺕ ﰒ ﺑﺎﺳﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻘَﺪَﻡِ
ﺛﻘﻴﻼً. ﻭﺃﻧﺸﺪﺕ ﺑﻠﺴﺎﻥِ ﺍﳊﺎﻝِ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﺔً:
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻘٔﺎﻝ. ﺃﻫﻼً ﻭﺳﻬﻼً ﺑﺄﻫﻞ ﺍﳉﻮﺩِ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﻡِ
ﻭﺃﻣﺮﻫﺎ: ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺮﻱ، ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ: ﻭﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﻬﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺪّﻭٓ ﻳﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮ
ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺮِﻱ. ﺍﻻﻏﱪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﻢ ﲝﺼﻞ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ،ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻂ
)ﻭﻏﲑﻩ(..
ﻭﻗﺪ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺮﺍ :ﺍﺳﺘَﺠَﺮ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﻦ
َ ﺍٕﺳﺘﺜﻨَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺜﲎ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺪ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺮﺍ :ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟَﻰ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻏﲑﻩ.
ﳍﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﺘﻨﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛٕﻨﺖ ﻗﻮﻱ ﻣﺎﺣﺪﺍ ﺑﺴﺘﺠﺮﻱ
ﻳﻠﻘّﺸَﻚ ،ﻣﻨﻮ ﺑﺴﺘﺠﺮﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻄﻠّﻊ ﺑﻮﭺ ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﻗﺒﻞ ﲬﺴﲔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﺜﲎ.
ﺳﻨﺔ ،ﺩﻱۤ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺮﻱ ﻭﺳﺎﻭﻳّﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺣﺎﻟۤﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﺃﻭ
َ ﺍٕﺳﺘﺠﻔَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻔَﻰ ﺍٕﺳﺘﺠﺎﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﺍﷲُ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀَ :ﻗﺒﻠﻪ
ﻋﺪّﻩ ﺟﺎﻓﻴﺎً ،ﺃﻱ :ﻏﻠﻴﻈﺎً ﺧﺸﻨﺎً. ﻭﻗﻀﻰ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﳉﺎﰲ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ: ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ
ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻔﺎﻩ. ﺍﺳﺘﺠٔﺎﺑﺖ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺠﻠﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻠﺒﻪ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳُﺠﻠﺐ ﺍٕﺳﺘﺠٔﺎﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺭﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻪ :ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺎﺙ،
ﺇﻟﻴﻪ. ﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺆﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺠﻤﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻤﻊ ﻗﻮﺍﻩ :ﲨﻌﻬﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﻟﻘﺘﻞ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻳٕﺴﺘﺠﲑ ﺑﺎﻷﺣﺠﺎﺭ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺠﻬﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻬﻠﻪ :ﻋﺪّﻩ ﺟﺎﻫﻼً. ﺍٕﺳﺘﺠﺤﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻬٔﺎﻝ. ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺪّﻩ ﺟﺤﺸﺎً.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺠﻮﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻮﺑﻪ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍٕﺳﺘَﺠَﺪّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺪّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ
ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻄﻘﻪ. ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺍً ،ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺻﻴّﺮﻩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺍً.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻈﻨﲔ ،ﻭﻗﺒْﻠﻪ ﺍﺳﺘَﺠﺮَ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﺴﺘٕﺠۤﺮ ﳛﻜﻲ ﻗﺪﺍﻣﻚ )ﺃﻭ:
ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻮﺑﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻨﻄﻖ. ﻣﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﺠﺮﻱ( ،ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺮﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻣﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﺮﺣٔﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺮﲪﻪ :ﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ، ﺍٕﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :STRATÉGIE :ﻓﻦ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻄﻔﻪ. ﻭﺿﻊ ﺧﻄﻂ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﳊﻤﻼﺕ ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻙ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺷَﻌﺒۤﺪ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺒَﺪَ. ﺍٕﺳﺘﻌﺎﺫ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﳉﺄ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ
ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺼﻢ ﺑﻪ ،ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻌﱪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﱪ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻋﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻬﻬﺎ ﻭﻭﺯﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺒَﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﻫﻢَ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻼﻥ:
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﻈﺮ ﰲ ﻭﺯﺎ ﻭﰲ ﻧﻮﻋﻬﺎ. ﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﲑﻩ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻐﻔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻔﻠﻪ :ﲢﻴّﻦ ﻏﻔﻠﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﰲ ﻧﺎﺱ ﻣﺎﺑﺴﺘﻌﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻐﺶّ .ﺍﺳﺘﻌﲏ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﻭﻋﺪّﻩ ﻣﻐﻔﻼً ﻟﻚ ﻃﻘّﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﺴﺘﻖ ﺟﺤّﺎﺷۤﻲ ﻷﻧّﻮ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻃﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﲢﺖ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﺓ ﻭﻗﻠﻌﺖ ﻋﲔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻞّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻞّ ﺍﻷﺭﺽَ :ﺃﺧﺬ ﻏﻠّﺘﻬﺎ،
ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻠّﻪ :ﺃﻓﺎﺩ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻔﻊ ﺑﻐﲑ ﺣﻖ. ﺍٕﺳﺘﻌﻮٔﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺽ) :ﺑﺎﻹﻋﻼﻝ(:
ﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻌِﻮَﺽ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻛﺬﺍ ﻣﻜﺎﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻼﻝ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻐﺎﺙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺎﺛَﻪ ﻭﺑﻪ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻼﱄ :ﲝﺐ ﻛﻞ
ﺷﻲ ﻳﻨﺘﻔﻊ ﻣﻨﻮ ،ﻋﻢ ﺑﺴﺘﻐﻞ ﺻﺪﺍﻗﱵ ﻣﻌﻮ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ: ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ
ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺎﺛﺖ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﺃﻭ
َ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻐﻠﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻠﻰ
ﻋﺪّﻩ ﻏﺎﻟﻴﺎً. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺟﺒﻨﺎﻩ ﻣﻊ ﺍﺑﻠﻴﺲ ﰲ ﻛﻴﺲ ﻃﻠﻊ
ﺍﺑﻠﻴﺲ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺑﺴﺘﻐﻴﺚ.
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﻟﺴّﻊْ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻘﺮٔﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻘﺮﺽ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ
ﻣﺎﺍﺳﺘﻘﻤﺸﺘﻮٓ ﻣﻠﻴﺢ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﻠﻮﺗﻪ. ﻳﻘﺮﺿﻪ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻘﻮٔﻯ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻮﻯ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺿﺮﺑﻮ، ﺍٕﺳﺘﻘﺮﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗٕﺮۤﻑ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻗﻮﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪّﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻘﺼٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺼﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟَﺔ ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ:
ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮِﻱ. ﺑﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔَ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻜﺎﻑ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺎﻓﻮ ﲝﺠﺮﺓ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺼﺎﺀ.
ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ،ﻣﻦ "ﻛﻔﻴّۤﻪ" ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ :ﻛﻴﻔﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍٕﺳﺘﻘﺼٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺼﺮﻩ :ﻋﺪّﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺟﺪﻩ
ﻗﺼﲑﺍً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺃﻗﺼﺮ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘَﻜﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺎﻥ :ﺧﻀﻊ ﻭﺫﻝّ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻘﻄﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻄﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﺀَ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺎﻧﺖ. ﻳﺴﻴﻞ ﻗﻄﺮﺓ ﻗﻄﺮﺓ ،ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭَ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ :ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﺭﻭﺍﺋﺤﻬﺎ
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻜﺒٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﱪ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﺍ ﻛﱪﻳﺎﺀ، ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ.
ﺗﻌﻈّﻢ ﻭﲡﺒّﺮ ،ﺍﻣﺘﻨﻊ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻖ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﺭﺁﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻄﺎﺭ.
ﻋﺪّﻩ ﻛﺒﲑﺍً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻘﻔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻔﺎﻩ :ﻗﻔﺎ ﺃﺛَﺮﻩ ﻟﻴﺴﻠﺒﻪ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺒٕﺮﺍ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻧۤﺖ ﻣٕﺮﱠﺓ. ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺼﺎ :ﺟﺎﺀﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻒ ﻭﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻜﺘﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺘﺒﻪ :ﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ. ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺎﺑﻪ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻜﺘٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺜﺮﻩ :ﺭﺁﻩ ﻭﻋﺪّﻩ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً، ﺍٕﺳﺘﻘﻞّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻞّ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩ ﺑﺘﺪﺑﲑﻩ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺭﻏﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻨﻪ. ﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ﻏﲑﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗﺴﺘﻜﺘۤﺮ ﲞﲑ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺭﺑّﺎﻙ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻘِﻞّ.
ﻭﺗﻌۤﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ. ﻭﻣﺪﻟﻮﻝ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ :ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺁﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﻳﻜﺘّۤﺮ ﺧﻴۤﺮٔﻙ )ﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﳌﻦ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ(. ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻗﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻄﺄ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻞّ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﺭَ ﺃﻭ
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻜﺮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺮﻯ :ﺍﺳﺘﺄﺟﺮ. ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ،ﻷﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﻭﲪﻠﻪ ﻭﻏﲑﳘﺎ ﳑﺎ ﻻ
ﺻﻠﺔ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻛﻮﺏ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺳﻠﻘٔﻰ. ﺍٕﺳﺘﻠﻘّٔﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻘّٔﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑۤﺔ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ "ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ" ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺮﺵ :ﻛﱪ ﻛﺮﺷﻪ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘَﻠﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ "ﻣﱳ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ" :ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻢ -٢ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﺍ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﻧﺎﺗﺌﺔ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺃﻣﻠﺲ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﺗﺴﻠﻤﻪ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻢ ﱂ ﺗَﺮﺩ
َ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻜﺮﻩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻛﺮﻫﻪ.
ﺻﺮﳛﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﺴﻠّﻢ ﻓﺎﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻻﳝﻨﻊ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺻﺮﻳﺢ ﻗﻮﻝ
ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺮﻱ :ﺇﻧﻪ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻟﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﻳﺆﻳﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ. ﻃﺎﺋﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻑ :ﻃﺎﺋﺮﺍﺕ ﺣﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺰﻭﺩﺓ
ﺑﺂﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜﺒﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ ،ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﺸﻒ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻠٔﺎﻡ. ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﻭﺭﺻﺪ ﺣﺮﻛﺎﺗﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﻋﺰﻳﺰ ﺧﻄﺎﺑﻜﻢ. ﺍٕﺳﺘﻜﺸﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺸﻒ :ﺍﺳﺘﻄﻠﻊ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻬﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﷲَ ﺻﱪﺍً ﺃﻭ ﺧﲑﺍً: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻑ.
ﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻠﻬﻤﻪ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻜﻠﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺴﺘﻜﻠﺐ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﺳﺄﻟﲏ ﻻﻋﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﭙﻮﻛﺮ :ﻫﻞ ﱄ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺳﺄﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﻏﺪﺍ ﻛﺎﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻇﻔﺮ ﺑﻌﻈﻤﺔ ﻻ ﻳﺪﻋﻬﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ
ﻳﻠﻬﻤﲏ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺑﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺧﺼﻤﻲ ؟ ﻗﻠﺖ :ﺇﻱ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻮٔﺡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻮﻓﻮ ﻣﺴﺘﻠﻮۤﺡ ﻭﻣﺎۤﺷﻲ، ﺍٕﺳﺘﻜﻤﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺳﺪّ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﻠﻮﺡ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﻻﻳﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻭﻻﻳﺒﺪﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﻼﻡ، ﻧﻘﺼﻪ ،ﺍﺳﺘﺘﻤّﻪ.
ﻛﻠﻪ ﺻَﻠَﻒ ﻭﺟﱪﻭﺕ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺡ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤٔﺎﻝ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺳﺘﻤﻮﺕ. ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺎﺕ:
ﺍٕﺳﺘَﻸﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻟَﺆُﻡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍٕﺳﺘِﻤﺎﺭٔﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺳﺘﻤﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ: ﻟﺌﻴﻤﺎً.
:ESTIMAREﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻮﻋﺔ ﺑﻨﻤﻂ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﳕﻮﺫﺟﺎً،
ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ. ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺳﻠﺒﻪ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ.
َ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻠَﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻠﺒﻪ
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ "ﺍﺳﺘﺌﻤﺎﺭﺓ" ﻭﻫﻮ ﲢﻜﻢ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻠﺬّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻠﺬ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡَ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ :ﻭﺟﺪﻩ
ﻻﻇﺎﺋﻞ ﲢﺘﻪ. ﻟﺬﻳﺬﺍً.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﺮﻳّﺚ ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕُ ﻭﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻤﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﲤﺘّﻊ ﺑﻪ،
ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ. ﺍﻧﺘﻔﻊ ﺑﻪ ،ﺗﻠﺬﺫ ﺑﻪ.
ﻭﺟﺬﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ "ﻧﺐ" ﻳﺪﻝّ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻤﻜﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﲤﻜّﻦ ﻭﻗﺪﺭ
ﺧﻔﻴّﺎً ﰒ ﻇﻬﺮ :ﻧﺒﺄ ،ﻧﺒﺖ ،ﻧﺒﻊ ،ﻧﱪ..، ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﺇٕﺳﺘٔﻨﺒﻮﻝ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺒﻮﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﻄﻨﺒﻮﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﻄﺎﻧﺒﻮﻝ: ﺍٕﺳﺘﻠﻤﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻤﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻄﻨﻄﻴﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻗﻴﻞ :ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ USTﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱄ، ﻋﺪّﻩ ﻣﻠﻴﺤﺎً.
ﻭﻣﻦ ANAﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﻡ .ﻣﻦ POLISﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻤﻠﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ
ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺃﻱ :ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺣﺘﻮﺍﻩ ﲟﺎﻟﻪ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻨﺼﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺼﻒ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﺳﺘﻮﰱ ﺍٕﺳﺘﱰﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﱰﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺳﺒﺐ ﻧﺰﻭﻟﻪ،
ﺣﻘّﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﺼﻔﻪ. ﻓﻼﻧﺎً :ﺃﻧﺰﻟﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺃﻳﻪ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺘﺮﻛﻪ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻬﺘٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻬﺘﺮ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺍﺗّﺒﻊ ﻫﻮﺍﻩ ﻓﻼ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻌٔﻢ ﺭﻗﺒﱵ ﻭﻧٕﺰﻝ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺭﻗﻊ.
ﻳﺒﺎﱄ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ،ﺎﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻨﻔﺬ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻔﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺳﺘﻬﻠﻜﻪ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻬﺘٔﺎﺭ. ﺃﺫﻫﺒﻪ ،ﺃﻓﻨﺎﻩ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻬﺠﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻬﺠﻦ ﻓِﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ: ﺍٕﺳﺘﻨﻔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻔﻊ :ﺍﻧﺘﻔﻊ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﺤﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻧﺴﺐ
َ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻨﻘﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻘﺺ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻬﺠٔﺎﻥ. ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺺ ،ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﳊﻂ ﻣﻦ ﲦﻨﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺭﺁﻩ ﻭﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﻧﺎﻗﺼﺎً.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻬﺪﺍ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺃ :ﺳﻜﻦ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ
َ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻨﻘٔﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻊ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻟﻚ:
ُ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻬﺪﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻬﺪﻑ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻧﻘﻊ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﻠﻪ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻬﺪﻑ ﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
َ ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺐ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ ﻭﺩﻧﺎ،
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻫﺪﻓﺎً ﻟﻪ.
َ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻨﻜٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻜﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﺤﻪ ،ﱂ
ﻳﺮﺽَ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﻭﻋﺪّﻩ ﻣﻨﻜﺮﺍً.
ﺍٕﺳﺘَﻬﺰﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻬﺰﺃ ﺑﻪ :ﺳَﺨِﺮ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻬﺰﻳﺖُ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﻬﺰﺃﺕ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻜٔﺎﺭ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻬﻠٔﺎﻙ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺎﺕ. ﺍٕﺳﺘﻨﻬﺾ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻬﻀﻪ ﻟﻸﻣﺮ :ﺃﻣﺮﻩ
ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻬﻮﺽ ،ﺣﺜﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺫﻫﺐ
ُ ﺍٕﺳﺘﻬﻮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻬﻮﺍﻩ
ﺑﻌﻘﻠﻪ ﻭﺣﻴّﺮﻩ ،ﺯﻳّﻦ ﻟﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﻩ. ﺍٕﺳﺘﻬﺎﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺧﺎﻓﻪ ،ﺣﺬﺭﻩ.
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻯ :ﺻﻌﺪ ،ﱂ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﻗﺴﻤﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻭﺍﷲ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﺸﻬﺮ ﺁﺏ ﺍﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﻭﻻ
ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﳌﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻌﺮﺵ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻯ ﻓﺎﻟﻖ ﺍﳊﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﺘﻬﺎﺏ.
ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻯ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﻜﺸّۤﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻧﺎﺑﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﺍ
ﺍٕﺳﺘﻮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡُ :ﻧﻀﺞ. ﺑﺴﺘﻬﺎﺑﻮ.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛَﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﺃﺳﺮﺳﺴﻮﻡ :ﺭﺑﻄﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﺳَﺤْﺴﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺤﺴﻞ.
ﺍﳋﻴﻞ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃَﺳُﻮﺭ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﺳﺨﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺗۤﻢ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ
ﳒﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺃﺳﺮْﱐ ﲟﻌﺮﻭﻓﻮ.
ﺃﺳﺨﻂ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺳﺨﻄﻪ :ﺃﻏﻀﺒﻪ.
ﺇٕﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻞ :ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﰲ ﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺃَﻗﺮﺎ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ. ﺍﻷﺳﺨﻒ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﺨُﻒ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺭﻕّ ﻋﻘﻠﻪ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ،ETIENNE :ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜَﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ: ﺃﺳﺮٔﻑ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺟﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺪ ﻭﺍﳊﺪّ.
.STEPHAN
ﺍﻷٕﺳﺮٔﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ :ﺍﻷﻗﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﺩﻧَﻮﻥ،
ﺍﻷٕﺳْﻄْﻮٔﺍﻧۤﺔ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺃٕﺻْﻄْﻮٔﺍﻧۤﺔ ،ﻭﺿﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﲑﺓ.
ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻧﻮﻏﺮﺍﻑ ﻟﻠﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﻄﻮﺍﱐ ﺍﻟﺰﻓﱵ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻳﺴﺠﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻏﺪﺍ ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻗﺮﺻﺎً ﻭﻇﻞ ﺍﺳﻢ ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﻓﺔ :ﺃﺳﺮﺓ
ﺍﻷﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﺔ ﻣﻼﺯﻣﺎً ﳍﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺃُﺳﺘُﻮﺍﻧَﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳉﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻠﺔ :ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﲢﺮﻳﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﳏﺮﻭﺭﻫﺎ.
ﺃﻭﺳﺘﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ :ﺱ ١٧ﺹ .٢١٧ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ٢٤ﺹ .٢٧٩ ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺳْﻔﻮﺝ )ﻭﺟﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ
ﻭﺟﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺟﻴﻤﺎً ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً(.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺎ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﺻﺒﺤﻲ
ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻄﻠﻲ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ "ﺍﳍﻼﻟﻴﺔ" ﺑﺘﻜﻠﻴﻒ ﻣﻨﺎ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.EPONGE :
ﻣﻠﺨﺼﻪ:
ﻭﺑﺎﻹﻧﻜَﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.SPONGE :
ﻣﻨﺬ ﳓﻮ ٣٠٠ﻋﺎﻡ ﺗﻌﺮﺿﺖ ﺣﻠﺐ ﳌﻮﺟﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺁﺳِﻔِﻨْﺞ.
ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ ﻭﺷﺢ ﺍﳌﻄﺮ ﻭﻧﻀﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻴﻨﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻠﺰﻡ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻘﺤﻂ.
ﺍﻷٕﺳْﻜﻤﻠﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻤﻠۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﺳﻜﻤﻠﺔ ﺇٕﺳﺘﻜۤﺘْﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜَﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ :SKETCH :ﺍﻟﻐﻨﺎﺀ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ :SCAMNUMﺍﳌﻘﻌﺪ ،ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺳﻲ ،ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺭﻱ.
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻮﺿﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﻌﺪﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺴﻴّﺔ ﻭﳌﺒﺔ
ﺍٕﺳﻜﺮﺑﲔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍٕﺳﻜﺮﺑﻴﻨۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻘﺎﺭﺑﲔ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻅ ،ﻭﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺜﻘﻮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﻟﻴﺪﺧﻞ ﻧﺎﺗﺊ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :SCARPINO :ﺍﳊﺬﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﻲ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻴﻖ
ﺍﻟﻠﻤﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺐ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻌﺐ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﻭﻻ ﺭﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻊ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﻠَﺖ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍٕﲰﻮ ﻋﺮﺍﺱ ﻟﺴﺎﱐ ،ﺍٕﺳﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺃﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﺳٕﻤٓﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻄﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﭼٓﻦ ﻛٕﻨْﺰ. ﻣﺴﻤّﻰ ،ﺍٕﲰﻮ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺴﻤﻮ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻨﻮ( ﻭﻳﻘﻮﳍﺎ
ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺘﻴﻮﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً )ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﳒﺪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺑﻼ ﺟﺴﻢ( ،ﺃﻛﻞ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺇﻳۤﻨﺎ ﺷﻲ ﺃٕﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺑﺘﻤﻠﻜﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ
ﻛﺮﺑﻮﺟۤﺔ ﺑْﺎٕﲰﺎ) ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﻢ :ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪَ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ،ﺃﻱ:
ﺑﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﻨّﻚ) :ﺍﲰﻚ(.
ﻭﺣﺪﻫﺎ( - ،ﻣﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ -ﺍﲰَﻚ ﺑﺎﳋﻴۤﺮ؟ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺑﺎﳋﻴۤﺮ؟.
-١ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣَﻔﻌﻮﻝ. -١ﺍﺳﻢ ﺻﻮﺕ ﻟﺰﺟﺮ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺻﻮﺗﻪ ﺻﻮﺕ
ﻧﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻀﻔﺎﺩﻉ.
-٢ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﺑﺈﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﻤﺎً
ﻭﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ. -٢ﺍﺳﻢ ﺻﻮﺕ ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻲ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺻﻮﺗﻪ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻡّ
ﺍﻷﺑﺮﺹ ﲟﻌﲎ "ﻻ" ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺮﺭ ﻛﺎﻥ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ.
ﻭﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻼﻫﺎ ﺳﺎﻛﻦ ﻓﺘﺮﺩّ.
ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻹﲰﺎﻋﻴﻠﻴﺔ :ﳌﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ. ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺮﺓ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ١٢ﺟـ ٥ﺹ ٤٢ﻭﺟـ ٨ﺹ .٥٣ ﺍﻷﺳَﻢّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻓﻴﻞ ﺃﺳﻢّ ﻣﺎﳊﻴﺎﻳﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ
ﺃﻗﻮﻯ ﲰﺎً :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲰّﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳﻘﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻢ.
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ :ﺱ ١٤ﻋﺪﺩ ٧٢٨ﺹ .١٨
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ٤ﺹ .٤٣ ﺃﲰَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﲰﺎﻩ :ﲰّﺎﻩ ،ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺷﻬﺮﻩ.
ﻭﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻹﲰﺎﻋﻴﻠﻴّۤﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺣﻲ ﺍﻷﲰَﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲰﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﻼ،
ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻠﻴﺔ ،ﲰﻲ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺇﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴّﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ.
ﺍﳌﺴﻤّﻰ ﺳﺮﺍﻳﺔ ﺇﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺑﲎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻗﺼﺮﺍً ﺇٕﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﲰﻊ ﺍﷲ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﻟﻪ. ﲰﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺫﻛﻮﺭﻫﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺇﲰﺎﻋﲔ.
ﺇٕﲰﺎﻋﲔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺇﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﻢ ﺣﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻹﲰﺎﻋﻴﻠﻴّۤﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﲰﺎﻋﻴﻠﻴﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺪﺍﻭﻳّۤﺔ :ﻓﺮﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻒ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺇﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻱ ﻻ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻩ ﺇﳕﺎ ﺗﻔﺴﺮﻩ ﺗﻔﺴﲑﺍً
ﺍﻷﲰَﺢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﻤَﺢ :ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻃﻨﻴﺎً ،ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺈﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﺇﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﻕ ﺳﺎﺩﺱ
ﺳَﻤُﺢ :ﺟﺎﺩ. ﺍﻷﺋﻤﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻘﺮّﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ "ﺳَﻠَﻤْﻴَﺔْ" ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﲪﺎﺓ،
ﻭﺇﻣﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ.
ﺍﻷﲰٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﲰﺮ :ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﻣَﻦ
ﻟﻮﻧُﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﺓ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﺍ -ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺃﲰﺮﺍﱐ. ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ :ﺇﲰﺎﻋﻴﻠﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺳَﻤﻌُﻮﱄ.
ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻷﲰﺮ ،ﻛﺎﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺒﻬﺔ. ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﲰﺎﻋﻴﻠﻲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺳَﻤﺎﻋْﻠۤﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﺃﺳﻬَﺐ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺃﺳﻬﺐ ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛَﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﴰﻦ :ﺍﻷﲰﻦ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡَ :ﺃﻃﺎﻟﻪ. ﺍﻹٕﲰَﻨْﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴَﻤَﻨْﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﭽﻤﻨﺘﻮ :ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻷﺳﻬَﻞ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﻬُﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺞ ﺣﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﲢﺮﻕ ﻭﺗﺴﺤﻖ ﻟﺘﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻃﻴﻨﺎً
ﺻﻌﺐ. ﳑﺴﻜﺎً.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺳُﻮﺩ ﻭﺳﻮﺩﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﺍﺎ ﺹ .٢٠١
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻧﺚ :ﺳﻮﺩﺍﺕ. ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٦٤ﺹ .١٠٤
ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ :ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ،ﻛﻠﻔﻈﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻪ. ﺍﻻﲰﻴّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻻﲰﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﲰﻴﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﻻ ﻣﺎﺩﻳﺔ.
ﻭﺻﺎﻏﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ :ﻣﺎ ﺃﺳﻮﺩﻭٓ.
ﺍﻷﺳَﻦ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﻦﱠ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﱪ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺃﺳﻮﺩﺍﱐ.
ﺳﻨّﻪ ﻭﻃﺎﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﻩ.
ﺍﻷﺳﲑ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺬ ﻭﺇﻥ ﱂ ﻳﺸﺪّ ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺎﺭ، ]ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺒّﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﺎ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ !
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺳْﺮَﻯ ﻭﺃُﺳﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﲨﻊ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃُﺳﺎﺭَﻯ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺴﲑ
ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳﲑ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﺳﺮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺣﺒﻴﺒَﻚ ﺑﺘﺤﺒّﻮٓ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺪ
ﺃﺳﻮٔﺩ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃﺳﲑ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺱ ﺷﺮّﺍﺏ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺳﲑﺍٓ ،ﻭﺑﻴۤﺖ ﺃﺳﲑﺍٓ :ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻦ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻨَﻲّ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ،ﻳﺸﺮﺏ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺢ. ﺣﻠﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺋﻢ ﻓﺘﺴﺮﻱ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻃﺒﺎﺋﻌﻬﺎ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺳﲑ ،ﻭﺑﻨﺖ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ: ﻟﺒّۤﺲ ﺍﻷﲰﺮ ﺃﲪﺮ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺎﻙ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻟﺒّۤﺲ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ
ﺃﺳﲑ ﻟﻚ. ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻗﺼﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ .ﻛﻠﺐ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﻛﻠﺐ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ
ﻭﺗﻨﻴﻨﺎﺗٓﻦ ﻛﻠﺐ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﻠﺐ .ﺍﻟﻌَﺮَﻕ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺑﻴﻀﻮ ﰲ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.JESIR :
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺱ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﺳﻮﺩﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺱ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﻯ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺧﺒﱢﻲ ﻗﺮﺷَﻚ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻟﻴﻮﻣَ ْ
ﻚ
ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﲑ :ﻳﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺇﱃ ﻓﺮﻳﻘﲔ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻠﲔ، ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ( .ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺪﻭ ﻣﺎﻝ
ﰒ ﻳﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﻘﲔ ﻭﳝﺲ ﻳﺪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﺑٕﺤْﻀٔﻰ ﺑﺄﻡّ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﳌﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻭ ﻣﺎﻝ ﻣﺎ
ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻭﻳﻬﺮﺏ ﳓﻮ ﻓﺮﻳﻘﻪ ،ﻭﳛﺎﻭﻝ ﺧﺼﻮﻣﻪ ﻣﺴﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﲝﻀٔﻰ ﻭﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻼۤﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩ .ﻻ ﺗﺸﻮﻑ ﺑﺎﺏ
ﻫﺎﺭﺏ. ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻭﺣﻼﻗﻮ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺟﻮّﺍﺗﻮ ﺷﻲ ﺑﻨﻜٓﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺮ.
ﺍﻷﺳﻴّۤﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷﺳَﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴّﺔ :ﺍﳊﺰﻥ. ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﺑﻌﺒﺴۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﺃٕﺵْ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ "ﺃﻱ ﺷﻲﺀ؟" ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﺣﻠﻴﺴِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺷﻮ ﻭﺃﺷﻲ ﻭﺃﻳۤﺶ -ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻄﻴﺔ "ﺃٕﺵ" :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ
ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﺩَﻧَﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ.
ﺍﺳﻮٔﺩّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻮﺩّ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺷﺮﻁ :ﺃﺵ
ﺑﺘﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﺘﻜﺴﺐ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻱ. ﺍﻷﺳﻮٓﻛٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻐﻠﺔ ﺃﺳﻮﻛﺮ ﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ
ﻏﲑﺍ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﻛﺮ :ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻝ :ﺍٕﺵ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺢّ ﻟﻠﻮ
ﺑﻨﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻴﻜﻮﺭﺗﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ.
ﺑﲑﺿﻰ.
ﺃَﺳّﻮﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﻧﺴﺎﺋﻬﻢ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻑ :ﺍٕﺷﱯ ﻭﺍﺷﺒﻨﺎ ﻭﺍٕﺷﺒَﻚ ﻭﺍٕﺷﺒۤﻚ ﻭﺍٕﺷْﺒﻜٓﻦ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻄﻴﻒ .ﻭﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﻭﲰﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺍٕﺷﺒﻮ ﻭﺍٕﺷﺒﺎ ﻭﺍٕﺷﺒٓﻦ.
ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﻣﺔ :ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ.
ﺃَﺷَﺒْﺸَﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﺷﺒﺸﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻼﻥ: -٩ﺇﻏﻤﺎﺿﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ :ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ.
ﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺐﱠ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺑﻠﻎ ﺳﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻭﳚﻌﻠﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺃَﻓَﻌْﻔَﻞ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ -١٠ﺇﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﻣﺪﻕّ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﲔ :ﺭﻣﺰ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﻦ
ﺍﳌﺸﺒﻬﺔ. ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﻳﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﺎۤﻳﻔﻚ ﻣﺸﺒﺸَﺐ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ. -١١ﺇﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻖ ﺇﱃ ﻃﺮﻑ :ﺇﻳﺬﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ،
ﻭﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ :ﺇﻳﺬﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﻰ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ :ﺇﻳﺬﺍﻥ
ﺃَﺷْﺒَﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻝ[ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺍﺳﻲ ﺃٕﻧْﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺾ.
ﻳﺎﺃَﺷﺒَﻪ ! ﻳﺎﺑﻦ ﺍﻷﺷﺎﺑۤﻪ ! ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺎﺷﺒﻴﻬﺎً ﺑﺂﺑﺎﺋﻪ ﺑﻄﻮﻻﺕ
ﻭﻣﻜﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻻ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ. -١٢ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻌﻔﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﻨﺎ ﳓﻦ ،ﻧﻌﲏ ﻭﺿﻊ
ﺍﻹﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ ﻭﲢﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﻷﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﺳﺨﺮﻳﺔ:
ﻭﲦﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﳏﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻦ "ﺍﻷﺷﻬﺐ" ﺇﻳﺬﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺗﺎﻓﻪ ﻳﺘﺼﻞ ﲟﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺪّﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﻴﺶ
ﺍﻷﺷﻬﺐ :ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻱّ ،ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ ،ﺍﻷﺳﺪ. -١٣ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻒ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ :ﻋﺮﺽ ﳌﺎ
ﺧﻔﻲ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻷٕﺷْﺒِﲔ :ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻻﺷﺒِﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺞ
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺷُﻮﺷﺒﻴﻨﺎٓ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺷﻮﺷﺒﻴﻨﺘﺎٓ :ﻣﻦ -١٤ﻣﺪّ ﺍﻟﺴﺒّﺎﺑﺘﲔ ﻭﳏﺎﺫﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ:
ﺭﻣﺰ ﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ.
ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﲞﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺲ ﰲ ﺭﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﳚﺔ ،ﺃﺣﺪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ،
ﻛﺎﻓﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻤّﺪ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺷﻮﺷْﺒﻴﻨَﺎ ﻭﺷﻮﺷﺒﻴﻨﺘَﺎ. -١٥ﺳﺤﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ ﻭﴰﻬﺎ :ﺇﻳﺬﺍﻥ
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻷٕﺷﺒﻴﻨۤﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺷﺒﻴﻨۤﺔ. ﺃﻧﻪ ﱂ ﻳﺸﻢ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﱪ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺷﺎﺑﲔ ،ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﺍﻷﺷﺎﺑﲔ. -١٦ﺇﻣﺴﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ﺑﺄﳕﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺑﺔ ﰲ
ﻭﻛﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺍ ﺃٕﺷﺒﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺩ :ﺍﻟﻌﺮّﺍﺏ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻛﻠﺘﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻊ ﲢﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ﻗﻠﻴﻼً :ﺭﻣﺰ.،
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺸﻴﺪ ﺃﺫﻛﺎﺭﻫﻢ[: ﺍٕﺷﺘٔﺎﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﺎﻗﻪ ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﻧﺰﻋﺖ ﻧﻔﺴُﻪ
ﺇﻟﻴﻪ.
ﻗﺪ ﺁﺫﻥَ ﻟﻴﻠُﻚِ ﺑﺎﻟﺒَﻠَﺞ ﺍﺷﺘﺪّﻱ ﺃﺯﻣﺔُ ! ﺗﻨﻔﺮﺟﻲ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘِﻴٔﺎﻕ.
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻋﺮﰊ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ.
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﻠﻘﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﺸﺘٔﺎﻕ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺑﺸﺘﺎﻕ ﻟﻴۤﻪ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺍﺷﺘﺪّۤﺕ ﺍﻓﺮﺡ ﻻ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﺍﺷﺘﻘﺖ ﻟﻠﻮٓﻛﺘﲑ ﻛﺘﲑ.
ﺍﺷﺘﺪﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻹﻳﺬﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻔَﺮَﺝ(.
ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﻭﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﺎﺀ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺷﺘﺪّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﺮﺽ ،ﺍﺷﺘﺪّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺍﻭﻳﻞ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻣﻼﻢ[ - :ﺍﺷﺘﻘﺖ ﻟﻴﻚ -ﺗﺸﺘﺎﻕ ﻟﻴﻚ
]ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﺘﻨﺎﻢ[) :ﻳﺘﻤﺜﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﳉﺒّﺎﺭ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ( :ﻳﺎٔﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻨّﺎ.
ﺍﺷﺘﺪّﻱ ﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﺍٌﻗﺪّﻱ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ
ُ ﺍٕﺷْﺘَﺒَﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘَﺒﻚ
ﺍﻷﺷﺘَﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﻘﻠﺐ ﺟَﻔﻨُﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺻﻔﺔ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ،ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻂ ،ﺍﳉﻴﺸﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎﻝ :ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﺎ.
ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ،ﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ :ﺍﻟﺸﺘﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺷﺘﺮ ﻭﺍﻧﺸﺘﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺷﺘﺒﻚ ﻣﻌﻮ ﰲ ﺷﻴﻄﻲ ﻭﺍﺭﻗﻌِﻲ،
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻣﻠﻜﻪ
َ ﺍٕﺷْﺘﺮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﻜۤﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎۤﻟۤﺔ ،ﺍﺷﺘﺒﻜﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷٔﭼٔﻘﺠﻴّﺔ.
ﺑﺎﻟﺜﻤﻦ.
ﺍٕﺷﺘَﺒَﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﺒﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺷﻚّ ﰲ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻣُﺸﺘﺮِﻱ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﺘّﻪ ،ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺧﻔِﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺲ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻠﻂ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺌﺎﻥ :ﺃﺷﺒﻪ
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ،MOUCHTERIYOU : ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻓﺄﺷﻜﻼ.
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ .MOUSTÉRIS :ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺮَﻯ ﰲ
ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﭙﻴﻨﻜﻞ ﺗﻌﲏ :ﻟَﻢﱠ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ
ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﱂّ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺿﻤّﻪ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺭﻗﻪ.
ﺍٕﺷﺘَﻌٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﻌﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ :ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺒﺖ. ﺍٕﺷﺘِﺮﺍﻛﻴّۤﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
:SOCIALISMEﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺇﱃ ﺇﺷﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺀ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺧﺸﺐ ﺍﻟﺪٕﻟْﺐ :ﻻ ﺍﻷﻏﻨﻴﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺛﺮﻭﻢ ﻭﺇﺷﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ.
ﺑﺸﺘﻌۤﻞ ﻭﻻ ﺑﻠٕﺐّ.
ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭﻳﺔ،
ﺍٕﺷﺘﻐٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺸﻐﻮ ًﻻ ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻴﻨﻴﺔ.
ﺑﻪ ،ﺗﻠّﻬﻰ ﺑﻪ ،ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻢّ :ﺳﺮﻯ ،ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺀُ :ﻧَﺠﻊ ،ﻓﻜﺮُﻩ :ﺗﺸﻮّﺵ
ﻭﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ.
ﻳﺼﻔﻮﻥ ﺁﻝ ﺣﻲ "ﺃﻏﻴٓﺮ" ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺑﻘﺘﻠﻮ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺣﻜﺎۤﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﻼﻕ ﻛﻮٓﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﻻ
ﻭﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺑﺸﺘﻜﻮ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺑﺸﻬﺪﻭ. ﺗﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﲔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺷﺘﻜﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻛﻢ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﻠّۤﺔ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﺸﺘﻐۤﻞ ﺇﻻّ
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺷﻜﺎﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ. ﻓﺮﺩ ﺷﻐﻠۤﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺿﺮﺑﲏ ﻭﺑﻜَﻰ ﻭﺳﺒﻘﲏ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻜَﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[:ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﻘﻠﺐ ﻭﺭﺏّ .ﻓﻼﻥ
)ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﳒﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً(. ﺑﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳊﺎﺝ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﺎﻗﺎﰐ ) :ﻻﻋﻤﻞ ﻟﻪ( .ﻓﻼﻥ
ﺑﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﺎﳌَﺠَﺮ :ﻣٕﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺦّ ﺑﺰﺕّ ﻟﻠﻮ ﺣﺠَﺮ )ﺃﻱ :ﻟﻴﺘﺠﻤﺮ ﺎ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ ﺍﳊﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻴﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺟﺰ ﻳﺸﺘﻜِﻲ. ﺃﻱ ﻻ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً( .ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻒّ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﻥ
ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴّﺔ )ﺃﻱ :ﻻ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﺭﻉ ﻳﻘﺘﻞ
ﺍٕﺷﺘﻠٔﻖ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺟﺘﻠﻖ.
ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻤﻠﻨﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻲ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﺷﺘﻠﻖ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﺄﻛﻠﻮ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻫﻠﻮ.
ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ.
ﻭﻳﺰﻋﻤﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺣﲔ ﻳﺒﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺗﺎﻫﻢ
ﺍٕﺷْﺘَﻢّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﻢﱠ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﴰّﻪ.
ﻳﺮﺩﺩﻭﻥ :ﻳﺎﻣﻮﺕ ! ﻟﻴﺶ ﺃﺧﺪﺗﻮ ؟ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﻣﺎﻗﺘﻞ ﻣﺮﺗﻮ ؟ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[:ﺑَﻌﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻭ ﻳﺸﺘﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﻞ ﺳﺒﺘﻮ ،ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺼﺢ ﻣﺴﻠۤﻢ.
ﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭْﻧﺎ.
ﺍٕﺷْﺘَﻔَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﻔﻰ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﻧﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﺀ،
ﺍٕﺷﺘﻤﻊ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻊ. ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﻭّﻩ :ﺃَﻧﻜﻰ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻧﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺗﺴﺮّﻩ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺸﻔﻰ.
ﺍٕﺷْﺘَﻤَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﻤﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺬﺍ:
ﺃﺣﺎﻁ ﺑﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[:ﺍﺷﺘﻔَﻰ ﻏﻠﻴﻠﻮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺐ. ﺍٕﺷْﺘَﻨَﺐ: ﺍﺷﺘﻖّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﻖّ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖَ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﺓ :ﻣﻀﻰ
ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺃﺧﺬﻩ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﻭﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻳﺮ ﻟﺒﻴﺘﻮ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﻔﺘﻜﺮ ﺑﺎﳉﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﺑﻘﻠﺐ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﻬٔﺎﺀ.
ﻭﺑﺘﲏ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻃﻠﻊ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺷﻲ ،ﻭﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻧﻮ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺑﻘﻄﻊ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ،
ﻭﺳﺤﺐ ﺁﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻤﺎﺻﻴﻢ ﻗﻠﺒﻮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[:ﻃﺒﺨﻨﺎ ﻟﻚ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺇﳝٔﺎﻥ ﻋﺪﺱ
ﲝﺼﺮٓﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺸﺘﻬﻴﻪ ﻗﻠﺒﻚ .ﺍٕﺵ ﺃﺣﻜﻲ ﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺎۤﻛﺮﺟﻲ
ﻣﻨﻮ ﲰﻊ ﺁﻫﺘﻮ :ﺁﻫﺔ ﺗﻨﻮّﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺲ ﰲ ﻋﺰّﻭ ﻭﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﺍﻣﺒﺎۤﺭﺣﺔ ﺣَﺴّﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲢﺘﺎۤﻧﻴّﺎﺗﻮ ﻭﻧﺴﻔﻮﺍ ﻟﻚ ﻳﺎﻩ ﺪﻟۤﺔ ﺑﺘﺸﺘﻬﻴّﺎ
ﻧﺎﺭ ﲪﺮﺍ ؟ ﲰﻌﺘﻮ ﺑﻨﺘﻮ. ﺃٕﻟﻮ .ﻛﻞ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺗﺸﺘﻬﻴﻪ.
-ﻳﺎﺑﺎﺑﺎ ﺍﺣﻜﻲ ﱄ) .ﺣﻜﻰ ﻻ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[:ﺷﺐّ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬَﻰ )ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻻ ﻜﻢ
ﻓﻴﻬﺎ( .ﻃﻠﺒﺘﺎ ﺍﳌﺸﺘﻬﻴّۤﺔ ﺃﻛﻠﺘﺎ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﻴّۤﺔ.
-ﻳﺎﺑﺎﺑﺎ ﺧﺪﱐ ﻣﻌﻚ ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﻟّﻰ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ
ﻋﻨّﻚ .ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻠﺖ ﺃﻳﺎۤﻡ ﺃﺧﺪ ﻭﺯﻳﺮﻧﺎ ﺑﻨﺘﻮ ﻭﺗﻮﺟّﻪ ﻟﻠﻘﺼﺮ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺸﺘﻬِﻲ ﻭﻋﺰﻣﻮﻩ.
ﻭﺩﺧﻞ ﻭﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻭﺑﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺑﺎﺳﺖ ﻭﺩﻋﺎ ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻴﺘﻚ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻴﺖ ﺩﻭﻕ ﻫﻠّﻖ ﻣﺮﺍﺭﺓ
ﻭﺩﻋﺖ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻣۤﺖ ﻭﻓﺘﺤۤﺖ ﲤّﺎ ﻭﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﲢﻜﻲ ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﺷﺪّ
ﺍﻷﺷﺪّ -ﻳﺎﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ! -ﻫﻮّۤﻩ ﻃﻠْﻖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ،ﻭﺃﻟﺬّ ﺍﻷﻟﺬّ ﻧﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﻴﺖ.
ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﻣﻊ ﺟﻮﺯﺍ ،ﻋﺮﻓﺘﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﻲ ﺑﺘﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﺃﺷﺪ ﺍﻷﺷﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍٕﺷﺘَﻬَﺪ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺟﺘﻬﺪ.
ﺷﺎﻥ ﺃﻟﺬّ ﺍﻷﻟﺬّ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﻃﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﻃﻴﺐ -ﻳﺎ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻥ -
ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﺍﻟﺴﺨﻦ. ﺍٕﺷْﺘَﻬٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺷﻬﲑﺍً،
ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻀﻞ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺷُﻬﺮﺓ.
ﻓﺨﻠﻊ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻳﺮ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻨﺘﻮ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﺷﺘﻬٔﺎﺭ
ﺍﻷﺷَﺮّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷَﺮّ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﺷﻬﺮﺕ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻴّﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮّ ،ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ :ﻫﺬﺍ ﺷﺮّ ﺃﻭ ﺧﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺫﺍﻙ. ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸَﻬﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸَﻬﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻫﻮﺭ :ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ،ﻓﻤﻌﲎ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ :ﺑﺎﻥ
ﺃَﺷّٔﺮ :ﻣﻮﻟّﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻮﻫّﻢ ﺃﺻﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ :ﺃﺷﱠﺮ :ﻭﺿﻊ ﻭﻇﻬﺮ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺎﱄ ﺍﳌﻘﻤﺮﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺷﻬﺮ.
ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﻟﺰﻣﻮﺍ ﺗﺄﺷﲑﺓ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺟﻮﺍﺯ ﺳﻔﺮﻭ ﻭﺃﺷّﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻋﻠﻢ ،ﻭﻭﻗّﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﻮﻇﻒ ﺍﻷﺷَﺢّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷَﺢّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﻦّ
ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻝ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺷّﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺿﺮﺑﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﻭﲞِﻞ.
ﺃﺷﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﻫﺎﻟﻐﻴﻢ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﺑﺄﺷّۤﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ
ﺍﻷﺷَﺪّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷَﺪّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﻮﱠﻯ،
ﻣﻄﺮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﻳﻨﺬﺭ ﻭﻳﺪﻝ.
ﺃﻭﺛﻖ.
ﺃﺷﺮٔﻕ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺷﺮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ .ﺃﺿﺎﺀﺕ. ﺍﻷﺷﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﺬّﺍﺏ ﺃﺷۤﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻷﺷِﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻄِﺮ ،ﺍﳌﺮِﺡ.
ﺃَﺷﺮﻙ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺷﺮﻙ ﺑﺎﷲ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺷﺮﻳﻜﺎً،
ﺃﺷﺮﻛﻪ ﰲ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺷﺮﻳﻜﺎً ﻟﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺍﻷۤﺷٔﺮْﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :ÈCHARPE :ﻏﻄﺎﺀ ﻗﺒﻌﺔ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻷﺷﺮٔﻡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﻘﻄﻮﻋﺔ ﺃﺭﻧﺒﺔ ﺃﻧﻔﻪ .ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ:
ﺷﺮﻣﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ. ﺍﻷﺷْﺮٔﺡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺃﺷﺮﺡ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ،
ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺻﺪﺭَﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻓﺘﺤﻪ.
ﺍﻷﺷﻄٔﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷَﻄَﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻋﻴﺎ
ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﻭﻣﺆﺩﺑﻪ ﺧﺒﺜﺎً ﻭﳐﺎﻟﻔﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﻨَﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺮ ﺃﺷْﺮٔﻑ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺷﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﻃّﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺍﻷﺣْﺬﻕ. ﻣﻦ ﻓﻮﻕ ،ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺾ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻮﺕ :ﺃﺷﻔﻰ.
ﺍﻷﺷﻄﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ: ﻭﺍﺷﺮٕﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺩِﻱ ﻻﻃﻠﻊ ﻋﺮﺍﺱ ﺍﳉﺒﻞ
ﺃﺷﻄﻦ ﻭﺃﺷﻴﻄﻦ. ﻧﺴﱠﻢ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑْﻼﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻗﻮﻝ :ﻳﺎﻣﺮﺣﺒﺎ !
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺃﺷﻄﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ. ﺍﻷﺷﺮﻑ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷُﺮﻑ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﻼ
ﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﻓِﻲ :ﺯﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺿﻲ، ﰲ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ.
ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٠٤٢ﻫـ.. ﻭﲰﻰ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺠﻒ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺷﺎﻣﺸﺮﻳﻒ،
ﺃﺷﻌﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺛﺮﻭﻫﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ: ﻭﳒﻒ ﺃﺷﺮﻑ.
ﺃﺷﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ ﺟﺒﲑ ﻣﻮﱃ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﺑﲑ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻀﺮﺏ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺍﻷﺷﺮٔﻑ :ﻟﻘﺐ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻼﻃﲔ ﺍﳌﻤﺎﻟﻴﻚ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﻤﻊ ،ﻭﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﻃﻤﻊ ﺃﺷﻌﱯ ،ﻭﺗﻨﺴﺞ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻃﻤﻌﻪ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺍﻷﻳﻮﺑﻴﲔ :ﺟﻨﺒﻼﻁ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻳﺘﺒﺎﻱ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻧﺼﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﻐﻮﺭﻱ ،ﻭﻃﻮﻣﺎﻥ،
ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻃﲑ ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ: ﻭﻻ ﺗﺰﺍﻝ ﺳﻼﻻﻢ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺟﻨﺒﻼﻁ ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻐﻮﺭﻱ
ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﺷﺮﰲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[:ﻭﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺷﻔﺖ ﺃﻋﻤﻰ ﻃﺒّﻮ ﻣﺎﻧﻚ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﳝﺸﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻭﻳﻀﻢ ﻛﻔﻴﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻛﺎً ﺛﻐﺮﺓ
ﺃﺷﻔﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑّﻮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻋﻤﻰ. ﻛﺜﻐﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺶ ،ﱂ ﻫﺬﺍ؟ ﻳﺎ ﺃﺷﻌﺐ ! ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺐ :ﻟﻌﻞّ ﻋﺼﻔﻮﺭﺍً
ﻳﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻫﺎ ﻋﺸﺎً ﻟﻪ ﻓﺄﻣﺴﻜﻪ.
ﺃﺷﻘﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺷﻘﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺷﻘﻴﺎً :ﻏﲑ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ.
ﺃَﺷﻌٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺷﻌﺮﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳَﺸﻌُﺮ ﻭﻳُﺤِﺲ،
ﺍﻷﺷْﻘٔﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻘِﻲ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺪّ
ﺃﺷﻌﺮﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ ﻭﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ :ﺃﻋﻠﻤﻪ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ ﻭﺃﺩﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﻪ.
ﺳَﻌِﺪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻟﻠﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﺗﺄﺟﻞ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ
ﺃﺷﻘﺘﻤﺮ :ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺻﺮﻱ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ،
ﺣﱴ ﺇﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ.
ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٧٩١ﻫـ.
ﺃﺷﻐٔﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺷﻐﻠﻪ ﻛﺸﻐﻠﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺫﺍ ﺷﻐﻞ،
ﺍﻷﺷﻘٔﺮ :ﻟﻮﻥ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻣﺘﺰﺍﺝ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﳍﺎﻩ ﻭﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻣﻸ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ.
ﻭﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[:ﺧﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﻛٕﻼّ ﻣﺎﻟﺰﲪۤﺔ
ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻠّۤﺔ ﻟﻮﻧﺎ ﺃﺷﻘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﻳﻚ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﺠﺒﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ: ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻟﺔ )ﳜﻄﺌﻮﻥ ،ﻭﺣﻘﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﻣُﺸﻐَﻠﺔ(.
ﻣﺎ ﺃﺷﻘﺮ ﻟﻮﻥ ﻫﺎﻷﻧﻜﻴﺪﻧﻴﺎ.
ﺍﻷﺷﻐٔﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎﺷﺎﷲ ﲪﺪﻱ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﻭﺍﷲ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺃﺷﻘﺮﺍﱐ. ﺃﺷﻐﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻭ ،ﻭﺩﻛﺎﻧﻮ ﺃﺷﻐﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺩﻛﺎﻛﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ:
ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻐﻠﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺫﺍ ﺷُﻐﻞ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺷﻘﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﺷَﻔْٔﺘﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺘﺮﺓ- ،
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺸُﻘﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺸُﻘﺮﺍﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ، -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃَﺷَﻔﺘﺮ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻘﺮﺍ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻘﺮﺍﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﺷَﻔﺘﺮ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺃۤﺕ ﻋﻴﲏ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﺷﻘﺮ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﺮ. ﲝﺴّۤﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﻋﻴﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﺫﻛﺎ ﻭﺧﻔّﺔ ﺩﻡّ ،ﻭﻭﻳﻦ ﺟﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏ
ﻭﺻﺒﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﻭﺍﺡ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻔﺘﺮﺍﺗﻮ ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﻌﺪّﻱ ﻋﻨّﺎ ،ﻷﻧّﻮ ﻴﻢ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺇٕﺷﻜﺎﻝ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃَﺷْﻜﻞ.
ﺑﻔﻄﺮﺗﻮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻧﺐ ﻋﺎﻟﺴﺎﻣﻌﲔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻘﺎﺑﻠﻮﺍ ﺷﻔﺘﺮﺍﺗﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺤﻚ
ﺃﺷْﻜٔﺮٔﺍ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﲝﻜﻲ ﻣﻌﻚ ﺃﺷﻜﺮﺃ ،ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻛﺄﻧّﻦ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺼﻔﻘﻮﺍ ﻟﻮ ﻭﺑﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑﺮﺍﻭ ،ﻛﻨﺴۤﺔ ﺪﻟﺔ ﺑﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﻪ ﻗﺪ
ﻋﺪّﻭ ﺃﺷﻜﺮﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺁﺷْﻜٔﺎﺭٔﺍ ﺃﻭ ﺁٔﺷﻜٔﺎﺭٔﻩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ: ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺸﺔ ﻭﺑﺘﱪﻛﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺮﻧﻮ.
ﺍﳉَﻬْﺮ ،ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻮﺡ ،ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻥ .ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺮﺩﻓﻮﺎ ﻛﺎﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ
ﺑَﻠْﻠِﻲ ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺷﻜﺮ ﺑﻠﻠِﻲ ،ﻭ "ﺑَﻠْﻠِﻲ" ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺷﻜﺮﺍ ،ﻓﻬﻲ
ﺇﺫﻥ ﻣﺆﻛّﺪﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻠﻠﻲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺮﺩ ﺃﴰﻂ. ﺃَﺷﻜَﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺇﺷﻜﺎﻻً :ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺲ
ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻠﻂ ،ﻓﺎﻷﻣﺮ ﻣُﺸﻜِﻞ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻣُﺸﻜِﻠﺔ ﻭﻣﺸﻜِﻼﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﺃﴰﻮﻧﻴﺖ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻋﲔ ﻗﺒﻠﻲﱠ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺴﻘﻲ
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻣٕﺸﻜۤﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻷٕﻣﻮﺭ ﻣٕﺸْﻜْﻠۤﺔ ﻭﻣٕﺸﻜْﻼﺕ ،ﰒ ﻫﻢ
ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﳉﻮﻫﺮﻱ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﻳﺎﻗﻮﺕ.
ﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺸﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣَﺸَﺎﻛۤﻞ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﳊﻘﻮﺍ ﻣَﺸﺎﻛۤﻞ
ﺍﻷٕﺷﻨﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷُﺷﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﺷﻨﺎﻥ :ﻣﺎ ﺗﻐﺴﻞ ﺑـ "ﺟﻲ" :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻛﺜُﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﻭﺃﻥ
ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﻳﺪﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺾ. ﳝﻴﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ :ﻣْﺸﺎۤﻛﻠﺠﻲ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﻣْﺸﺎۤﻛﻠﺠﻴّۤﺔ.
ﺍﺷﻨﺎﻥ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺷْﻨٓﻨﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻞ ﺃَﺷْﻜِﻨﺎﺯ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻳﻬﻮﺩﻱ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻬﻮﺩ
ﺃﻭ ﻗﺒﻀﺔ ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ - .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﰲ :ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﻻﺳﻴّﻤﺎ ﺃﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﺧﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺷﻜِﻨﺎﺯ :ﺣﻔﻴﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺚ) :ﺗﻚ
.٨٤ .(٣ :١٠
ﺍﻷﺷْﻨَﻊ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷَﻨُﻊ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺒُﺢ. ﺍﻷَﺷﻜَﺢ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺑﺪﻭﻱ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺶ
ﺍﻷﺷﻘﺮ ﻭﺟﻬﺎً ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺷﻘﺢ :ﺍﻷﺷﻘﺮ.
ﺍﻷﺷﻨﱠﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺸِﻲ ﺃﺷﻨّﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻭ،
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷَﻨّﻚ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻷٕﺷْﻜَﺰُﺍٔﺭ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍٕﺷْﻜَﺰُﺍﺭ -ﻭﺍﷲ -
ﰲ ﺷﻐﻠﻮ ﻭﻋﻤﻠﻮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ" :ﺇﻳﺶ" :ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻞ ،ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ،
ﺍﻷﺷَﻬﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ "ﻛَﺰُﺍٔﺯ" ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺇﳒﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻧﻪ
ﺃﺣﺒّﻪ ﻭﺭﻏﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﳘﺎﻡ.
ﺃﺷْﻬٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﻼﺣﻮ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻜﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ - ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﺷَﻢّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ -
ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ ﲝﺠﺔ ﺃﻧﻪ ﱂ ﻳﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ "ﺷﻬﺮ"، ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻣۤﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﺴﻄﻮﺡ ﺃﺷﻢ ﻫﻮﺍ.
ﻭﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺷﻬﺮﻩ.
ﺍٕﺷْﻤَﺄَﺯّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﴰﺄﺯّ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﻧَﻔَﺮ ،ﻛﺮِﻩ ،ﺗﻘﺒّﺾ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ ﰲ "ﺷﻬﺮ" :ﺳﻴﻔَﻪ :ﺳﻠّﻪ،
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﺷﻬﺮﻩ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﻓﻐﲑ ﻣﻨﻘﻮﻝ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ. ﺃَﴰَﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃَﴰﺴۤﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳌﻄﺮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻃﻠﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﴰﺲَ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ ﴰﺲ ،ﺍﺷﺘﺪﱠﺕ
ﺍﻷﺷْﻬﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﻩ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮﻩ. ﴰﺴُﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺷﻬَﺮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻇﻼﻢ[ :ﺃﴰﺴۤﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺸﻤﺴﺖ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺒﺔ ﻋﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻮَﻣَﻮﻱ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋَﻠَﻢ
)ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻋﺮﰊ ﻭﺧﻴﺎﻝ ﻋﺮﰊ(.
ﰲ" :ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ" ﺟـ ٣ﺹ ٩٥ﻋﻦ "ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃٕﺵ ﻭﺃٕﺷﻮ ﻭﺃٕﺷﻲ.
ﻧﻌّﻮﻡ ﲞّﺎﺵ" :ﺳﻨﺔ :١٨٤٥ﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﻜَﻠﻴﺰﻱ :ﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺻﺎﻥ ..،ﻭﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﺔ ﰲ "ﺃٕﺷّﻮ ؟"" :ﺣَﺸْﻨﻮ؟"
٣٠٠ﻏﺮﺵ ﻭ ٥٠ﻟﻔﺮﻣﺴﻴﺲ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃٕﺷّﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻲ ؟.
ﺃٕﺷﱢﻲ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﻱّ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻫﻮ؟ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃٕﺷّﻮ ﺃﻧﺎ ؟ ﺃٕﺷّﻮ ﺃﻧﺖ ؟ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃٕﺵ ﻭﺃٕﺷﻮ ﻭﺃﺷﻮ. ﺑﻴﻨﻨﺎ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ(.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍٕﺷﻴّۤﻪ ،ﺃﺟﺎﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻨﺪّﺭ :ﺟﻴﺠۤﺔ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﺭﲟﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﺷﻒّ
ﻣٕﺤﺸﻴّۤﺔ. )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻛﱪ ﻗﻠﻴﻼً ﻓﺤﻮّﻟﺖ ﻟﻠﺘﻀﻌﻴﻒ.
ﻭﳑﻦ ﻳﻼﻋﺒﲏ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻳﺘﻨﺪّﺭ ﻭﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺭﺷﻖ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ ﺃﻧﺎ :ﻟﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺻﺢّ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ :ﻗﺸﱢﻲ ﻫﻴّۤﻪ ؟. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺷﻒّ :ﺍﻷﻛﱪ ﰒ ﻧﺰﻳﺪ :ﻳﺆﻧﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻥّ "ﺃَﺷَﻒﱠ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ"
ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓﻀَﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﻭﻓﺎﻗﻪ.
ﺇٕﺻْﺒٔﻌْﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻣﻌﻲ ﺑَﻌﺪّ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﻮﻡ
ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﺿﺎﺕ ﺑﲔ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻛﻞ ﺩﻭﻻﺏ ﻭﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺗﻪ. ﺑﺄﺻﺒﻌﻲ .ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺟﻮﺯﻱ ﻣﻌﻲ ﺑَﺪﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﺑﺄﺻﺒﻌﻲ .ﲟﻮﺕ
ﺍﻟﺰﻣّﺎﺭ ﻭﺃﺻﺒﻌﺘﻮ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻠﻌﺐ .ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻴﻌﻚ ﻣﻮ ﻛﻠّٓﻦ ﺳﻮﺍ) .ﻭﻫﻮ
ﺇٕﺻْﺒٔﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﺩ :ﺃﻭ ﺇٕﺻْﺒٔﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﺩ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﳒﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ(.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺌﺔ ﰲ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻱ ﻳُﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﺸﻌﻞ
ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺴﻮﻟﺔ ﻓﻴﺸﺘﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺃﻧﺒﻮﺑﻪ ،ﻓﻴﺤﺪﺙ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻭﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪﻱ ﰲ ﺻﺪﺭ
ﻓﻴﻨﻄﻠﻖ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺻﺎﺹ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺬﻳﻔﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﳎﺎﺯ ،ﺃﻱ ﳏﻞ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ:
ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻹﺻﺒﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﺩ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺇﺻﺒﻌﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﺩ، ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻮﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺣﺘﲔ ﺍﻷﺻﺎﺑﻊ.
ﺃﻱ :ﻣﺘﺄﻫﺐ ﻟﻠﺮﻣﻲ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﺪﻱ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺎﻉ:
ﺍﻟﻘٕﻮّۤﺓ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ. ﺇٕﺻﺒٔﻌْﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻒّ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑَﻨﺎﻧُﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﻮﺍﺀِ.
ﺃٕﺻﺒﻬٔﺎﻥ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺍٕﺻﺒﻌﺘﻮ ﰲ ﺍﳌٔ ّﻲ ﻣﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ
ﺍﻷٔﺻﺢّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺢّ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺍٕﺻﺒﻌﺘﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎﺭ .ﺻﺎﺭ ﺑﺈﻳﺪﻱ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳋﺎﰎ ﺑﺈﺻﺒﻌﱵ.
ﺻﺪﻕ ﻭﻃﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻳۤﺦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺻﻄﻔﻮﺍ ﺍٕﺵ ﻣﺎ ﺍٕﺻﻄﺎﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﺎﻑ ﺑﺎﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﻪ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺻﻴﻒ. ﺻﻴﻔﺎً.
ﺻﺢّ ﻟﻠٓﻦ ﻫﻔّﻮﺍ ،ﲰﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺘۤﺔ ﰲ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﺷﻠﺤﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻣٔﺎﻱ
ﻭﺗْﺤﻔّﻮﺍ. ﺍٕﺻﻄٔﺒٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﱪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺻﱪ.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﺍٕﺗْﺼَﻒ :ﺍﺻﻄﻒ. ﺇٕﺻﻄٔﺒْﻞ :ﺃﻭ ﺇٕﺳﻄٔﺒْﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﺻﻄﺒﻞ ﻋﻦ
ﺍٕﺻﻄٔﻔَﻞ :ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺑﺼﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺍﺻﻄٕﻔۤﻞ، ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ :STABULUM :ﻣﺄﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ.
ﺍﺻﻄٕﻔْﻠِﻲ ،ﺍﺻﻄٕﻔْﻠﻮﺍ ،ﳓﺘﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ "ﺍﺻﻄﻒِ" )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺇﺻﻄﺒﻼﺕ.
ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻔﺎﺀ :ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ،ﻭﺫﻳّﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﱠﻯ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﺍﻛﺘﻔﺎﺀ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺍﺧﺘﺮْ ﳌﺎ ﺗﺸﺎﺀ. ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻤﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﳌَﺮْﺑَﻂ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻭۤﻳﻨﻮ ﺟﻮﺯۤﻙ ﺗﺄﺧﺮ ﻛﺘﲑ ،ﺍٕﺵ ﻋﻢ ﺍﺻﻄٔﻚّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﺖ ﺭﻛﺒﺘﺎﻩ :ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺑﺘﺎ،
ﺑﻠﺒۤﺲ ﺍﻷﺳﻄﻮٓﻓﺎ. ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﺻﻄﻜﺖ ﺃﺳﻨﺎﻧﻪ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ﺑﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻌﺎﺩ
ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﻑ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺩ.
ﺍﻷٔﺻْﻌٔﺐ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺻَﻌُﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ:
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺪّ ﺳَﻬُﻞ. ﺍٕﺻﻄٔﻠَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭَ :ﺍﺳﺘﺪﻓﺄ ﺎ.
ﺍﻷﺻﻐﻠﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎ ﻏﻼﻡ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻳﻒ :ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻓﺎﻛﻬﺔ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺸﺘﺎۤ ﻭﺍﳌﺎ ﻳﺼﺪّۤﻕ ﻳٕﺼﻄﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﳉﻮﺥ ﻣﻠﺒﻮﺱ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﺎ
ﻳﺼﺪّۤﻕ ﻳٕﺸﺘﺮﻱ.
ﺍﻷٔﺻﻔَﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻔﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻻ ﻳﺼﻄﻠﻰ ﺑﻨﺎﺭﻩ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ
ﺧﻠُﺺ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺷﺎﺋﺒﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻮﱡ :ﺧﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﻢ.
ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﰊ :ﻳﻌﲎ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ :ﻻ ﺗُﻘﺮﺏ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺘﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺻﻔﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻋﲔ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ.
ﺍٕﺻﻄﻼّﻣۤﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﺻﻄﺮﻻﻣۤﺔ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻭﺍﻗﻒ
ﺍﻷٔﺻﻔٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ :ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﺻﻄﻼّﻣۤﺔ ،ﻭﺣﺎۤﻃۤﻂ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﺔْ ﺩﻛﺎﻧّﻮ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﭺ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﻣﺔ،
ﻟﻠﻄﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ: ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ" :ﺃٔﺳﺘٔﺮ" :ﺑﻄﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ،ﻭﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ
ﺻﻔﺮﺍ. ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ "ﻟٔﺎﻡ" :ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻨﺔ ،ﺍﳍﺮﺍﺀ ،ﺍﻟﺰﺧﺮُﻑ،
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺻُﻔﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ. ﻓﻤﺆﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ :ﺗﺰﻳﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺔ ،ﺯﺧﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻞ ،ﺃﻭ ﻗﻞ:
ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨّﻊ ﻭﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﲟﻈﻬﺮ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺃﺻﻔﺮﺍﱐ.
ﺍٕﺻﻄﻠﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻭﻗﻊ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻄﻴﺨﺔ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﻳﻚ ،ﻓﻴﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺢ ،ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺍﺗﻔﻘﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ .ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﻱ ﲝﻠﺐ:
ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ﺍﳉﺬّﺍﺏ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺻﻠﻮ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺻﻼ :ﻭﻓﺼﻠﻮ ﺃﻭ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﭼّﻮ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﻣﺒﻄﺒﻂ.
ﻓﺼﻼ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺟﺬﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﻓﺮﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻣﺎ ﻳُﺮﻓﺾ :ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻻ ﺗﺸﻮﻑ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻭﺣﻼﻗﻮ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺟﻮّﺍﺗﻮ
ﺷﻲ ﺑﻨﻜٓﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺮ.
ﻭﻻ ﻓﺼﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻄﻴّﺐ ﺃﺻﻠﻮ ﺑﻨﺒِﻲ ﻋﻨّﻮ .ﻻﲣﺎﻑ ﺍﻷﺻْﻔٔﺮ :ﺃﲪﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺍﳊﺴﲔ ،ﺭﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ
ﻣﺎﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺃﺻﻠﻮ ﺑﺮﺩّﻭ .ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺑﺒﻴّۤﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻴﻮﻧٓﻮ. ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻇﻬﺮ ﺱ ٣٩٥ﻫـ ﻭﺗﺰﻳﺎ ﺑﺰﻱ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺩﻋﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ
ﺇﱃ ﺣﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ ﻓﺘﺒﻌﻪ ﻧﺎﺱ ﻛﺜﲑ ،ﰒ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﻞ ﰲ ﻗﻠﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻌﻤۤﻞ ﺑﺄﺻﻠﻮ )ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻭﲝﻠﻴﺒﻮ(.
ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﺑﺮﺟﻊ ﻷﺻﻠﻮ .ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﺻﻠﻮ ﺩﻟّﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃٔﺻﻔٔﺮ ﺩَﻧَﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﻓﻌﻠﻮ .ﺃﺻﻠﻚ ﻓﻌﻠﻚ ﻳﺎﺳﻔﺮﺟﻞ ! .ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﻄﻠﻊ ﻷﺻﻠﻮ ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﺍٕﺻْﻔٔﺮّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺻﻔﺮّ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻮﻧُﻪ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ.
ﺯَﻧْﻮۤﺓ .ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﻀﻴّﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ .ﻛﻮٓﻝ ﻓﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻣﺸﻲ ﻋﺎﻷﺻﻮﻝ.
ﺃٔﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﺻﺒﻬﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﱳ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ :ﻻ ﺃﺻﻠﻚ ﲰﻲ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ.
ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻠﻲ ﻭﻻ ﺩﻳﻨَﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻳﲏ.
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻓﺎﺱ :ﺍﻷﺻﺒﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒّﺤﺖ ﻣﻼﻳﻜﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﻡ ﻧﻈﺮﺓ. ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ: ﺍﻷٔﺻﻔِﻬﺎﱐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻨﺒﺎﻙ ﺃﺻﻔﻬﺎﱐ ﻭﺳﺪّﺍﺟﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻠۤﻚ ﻋﻮﺟﺎ ﻳﺎﻋﻮﺟﺎ ! )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ(. ﺃﺻﻔﻬﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ.
ﺃٔﺻّٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺻّﻠﻪ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﻷٔﺻﻔِﻬﺎﱐ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻔَﺮﺝ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺍﻷﻏﺎﱐ"
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ. ﺃﻟّﻔﻪ ﻟﺴﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻟﻪ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ
٣٥٦ﻫـ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺻّﻠﻮ ﻭﻓﺼّﻠﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﺮﻑ
ﺟﺬﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﻓﺮﻭﻋﻪ. ﺍﻷٔﺻﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺻْﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺑﲏ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ،
ﺃٔﺻْﻼً] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﺃﺻﻼً ﺍﳊَﺴَﺐ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃُﺻﻮﻝ.
ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ :ﺃﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺋﻒ :ﻃﻮﺍﺋﻒ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ: ﺍﻹﺻٕﻠٔﺎﺣﻴّۤﺔ :ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻟﺴﺠﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﺪﺍﺙ.
ﻛﻞ ﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﳍﺎ ﻭﱄّ ﳛﻤﻴﻬﺎ ،ﰒ ﺍﻧﺪﳎﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺋﻒ
ﺑﺎﻹﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻳﺘﺒﺎﺩﻻﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻓﻊ ،ﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﻮﺫ ﻭﺍﻹﺻﻼﺣﻴﺔ :ﳏﻄﺔ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻹﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺗﺒﻌﺪﻫﻢ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ -ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﻳﺮﺗﺒﻄﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﺩﺓ ،ﰒ ﺗﻔﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻎ :ﺣﻖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ، ﺃٔﺻﻠٔﺎﻥ ﺩَﺩَﻩ :ﻭﱄّ ﻣﺪﻓﻮﻥ ﲟﺴﺠﺪ ﻣﺴﻤّﻰ ﺑﺎﲰﻪ
ﺑﻞ ﺗﺼﺮﻓﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺭﻏﺒﺎﻢ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺇﺭﺍﺩﺓ ﺍﻹﳒﻜﺎﺭﻳﺔ ،ﻓﺘﻘﻮﻝ ﳍﺬﺍ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ .ﰲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﺹ
ﺍﻃﺒﺦ ﻛﺬﺍ ﻭ ﳍﺬﺍ :ﻛٓﻞ ﺧﺮﻓﺎۤﺵ. ..،:٧٣
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻻﳒﻜﺎﺭﻳﺔ.
ﺫﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺓ ﻭ ﻛﺸﻔُﻪ ﺟﻠﻲﱡ. ﺟﺎﻧﺒَﻪ ﺃﺻﻼﻥ ﺩﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﱄﱡ
ESNAF ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ:
ﺃٔﺻﻠٔﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺻﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺴﺎﺩﻩ:
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﲑ.
ﺃﻗﺎﻣﻪ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺻﺎﳊﺎً.
ﺍﻷٔﺻﻨٔﻊ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺇﺻﻠٔﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ: ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ
ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻷﺻﻨﻊ :ﺍﻷﺟﻮﺩ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ.
ﻭﺇﺻﻠٔﺎﺣٔﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻷٔﺻﻮٔﺏ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﱂ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪّ ﺛﺎﻗﻔﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﻹﺻﻼﺡ
ﳜﻄﺊ ﺍﳍَﺪَﻑ.
ﺍﳉﺬﺭﻱ.
ﺍﻷٔﺻﻴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺻﻴﻞ :ﺍﳌﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﰲ ﺃﺻﻠﻪ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﺼﻠﺤﻮ.
ﺫﻭ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ،ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻳﺎ ﺷﻲ ﻳٕﺼﻠَﺢ ﻳﺎ ﺗَﺮﻛﻮ ﺃﺻﻠٔﺢ.
ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻴﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃﺻﻴﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﺍ
ُ ﺍﻷٔﺻﻠٔﺢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺻَﻠَﺢ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻷﺻﻴﻞ ﻭﻧﺎﻡ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻋﺎﳊﺼﲑ
ﺧﲑ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ،ﺿﺪ ﻓَﺴَﺪ.
)ﻳﻈﻨﻮﻥ ﺃﻢ ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ(.
ﺍﻷٔﺻْﻠٔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺻﻠَﻊ :ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺴِﺮ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﱠﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﻀۤﺮ ﺍﻷﺻﻴﻞ ﺑﻄۤﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ.
ﺍﻷﺻﻴﻠَﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌِﻴﺒﺎ ﺟْﻠﻴﻼ .ﺍﻷﺻﻴﻞ ﲜﻮﺩ. ﻭ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻌﺎﺀ ،ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ.
ﺍﻷﺻﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻘﺒﺎً ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﻤﺎﻟﻴﻚ ﳌﻦ ﻭﺭﺙ ﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺼُﻠﻊ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺼُﻠﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺟﺪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳊﻼّﻕ :ﺑﻀﺤﻚ ﻋﺎﻷﺻﻠﻊ ﺑﻄﻘﻄﻘﺔ
ﺍﳌﻘﺺّ.
ﺍﻷٔﺿﺮّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺿﺮّﻩ ﺇﱃ ﻛﺬﺍ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺃﺟﺎ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﺮﺍﻙ
ﺃﳉﺄﻩ. ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﻮﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﰲ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻭﰲ ﺃﺿﺮ. ﺍﻷﺿﺎﻟﻴﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺿﺎﻟﻴَﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻃﺎﻟﻴﺎ )ﺗﻠﻔﻆ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﺿﺎﺩﺍ( :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﺍ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﺪﻭّﻭ ﺍﻷﻧﻔﻊ ﺇﻻ
ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻮ ﺍﻷﺿﺮّ. ﺍﻷٔﺿٔﺎﻟﻴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ،ﻻ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ
ﻟﻪ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﻩ :ﺍﻷﺿﻠﻮﻟﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ.
ﺃٔﺿﺮٔﺏ) :ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺿﺮﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻛﻒّ
ﻭﺃﻋﺮﺽ. ﺍﻹٕﺿﺒٔﺎﺭٔﺓ :ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ
DOSSIERﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻠَﻒّ ،ﻭ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﳌِﻠَﻒّ
ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﺿﺮﺍﺏ :ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻒ
ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺩﻭﺍﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﳍﻢ ﻟﻴﺪﻟّﻮﺍ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻧﻜﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﻋﻤﻼً
ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻴﺎً. ﻭﲨﻊ ﺍﻹﺿﺒﺎﺭﺓ :ﺍﻷﺿﺎﺑﲑ ﻭﺍﻹﺿﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ :ﺱ ٤٣ﺹ :٢٠١٣ﺍﻹﺿﺮﺍﺏ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ. ﻭﺃﻗﺮ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼﺮ "ﺍﻹﺿﺒﺎﺭﺓ".
ﺍﻷٔﺿﺮٔﺏ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻞ ﻭﻧﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻠﻒّ ﺧﲑ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻤﻊ
ﻭﰲ ﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺷﺪّ ﻣﻀﻴﺎً ،ﻣﻦ ﺿﺮﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺷﻌﺮ ﲟﺎ ﺷﻌﺮﻧﺎ ﻓﺄﻗﺮ ﺍﻹﺿﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻠﻒّ.
ﺳﺎﺭ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻔﻰ ﺑﺎﳌﻠﻒّ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻨﻜﺔ ﺑﺘﺸﺮّ.
ﰒ ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﺍﻟﻘِﻤَﻄﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮَﺑِﻴﺪَﺓ.
ﺍٓﺿﻄٔﺮّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺿﻄﺮّﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ ﺇﱃ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺃﳉﺄﻩ
ﻭﺃﺣﻮﺟﻪ ،ﻓﺎﺿﻄُﺮّ ﻫﻮ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ. ﺃٔﺿﺤٔﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺿﺤﻜﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﻀﺤﻚ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﲢﺮّﻙ
ُ ﺍٕﺿﻄٔﺮٔﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً :ﺿﺤّﻜﻮٓ.
ﻭﻣﺎﺝ ،ﺃﻣﺮُﻩ :ﺍﺧﺘﻞﱠ ،ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ:
ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺿﺤَﻚ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﺍﺭﺗﺒﻚ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺿﺠﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻷٕﺿﺤﻮﻛۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺿﺤﻮﻛﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ
ﺍٕﺿﻄٔﻬﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ:
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﻂ :ﻣﺎ ﻳﻀﺤﻚ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﺍﺿﻄﻬﺪﻩ :ﺟﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻗﻬﺮﻩ ،ﻗﺴﺮﻩ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺿﺎﺣﻴﻚ ﻭﺃﺿﺤﻮﻛﺎﺕ.
ﺃﺿﻌﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺿﻌﻔﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺿﻌﻴﻔﺎً.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺻۤﺤﻮﻕ )ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﺍﻷٔﺿﻌﻒ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺿَﻌُﻒ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺫﻫﺒﺖ ﻗﻮّﺗﻪ. ﺍﻷٔﺿﺨٔﻢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺿﺨُﻢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﻏَﻠُﻆ ﻭ ﻋﻈُﻢ ﺟِﺮﻣُﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﺣﻂ ﺳٕﺮّﻭ ﰲ ﺃﺿﻌﻒ ﺧﻠﻘﻮ
)ﻭﺳﺎﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ
ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ(.
ﻭﻳﻘﺼﻮﺎ ﻭﻳﺮﻣﻮﺎ ﲝﻮﺽ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻣﺎً ﳍﺎ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺿﻔٓﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺃٔﺿﺎﻓﲑ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ:
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻳﺎ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﺣﻔﻈﻲ ﻭﻳﺎ ﻣﻼﻳﻜﺔ ﺍﺷﻬﺪﻭﺍ ﺃۤﳝﺘﺎ ﻃﻠﺒﺘﻜٓﻦ ﺿﺎﻓﲑ ﻓﻴﺤﺬﻓﻮﻥ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ.
ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﻻﻗﻴﻜﻦ.
ﻭﻳﺼﺮّﻑ :ﺃﺿﻔٓﺮ ﻭﺃﺿْﻔْﺮِﻱ ﻭﺃﺿﻔٕﺮْﻧﺎ ﻭﺃﺿْﻔْﺮٔﻙ
ﺃٔﺿٔﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﻌﻨﻄۤﺰ ﻃﺮﺑﻮﺷﻮ ﻭﻣﻨﻌﻜۤﻒ ﻭﺃﺿْﻔْﺮۤﻙ ﻭﺃﺿﻔٕﺮْﻛٓﻦ ﻭﺃﺿْﻔْﺮﻭ ﻭﺃﺿْﻔْﺮﺍ ﻭﺃﺿﻔٓﺮ ﳏﻤّﺪ.
ﺷﻮﺍﺭﺑﻮ ﻭﻣﻘﺪّۤﻡ ﻛﺮﺷﻮ ﻗﺪﺍﻣﻮ ﳏﺴّۤﺐ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﺃٔﺿٔﻢ ،ﻣﻦ ﻟﻔﻆ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻃۤﻔﺮﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻃَﻔﺮَﺍ.
ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺁﺩﻡ :ﺃﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ :ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ،
ﺃﻱ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﺎۤﻳﻒ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﻮﺳﺎ ! ﻫَ ْﻲ
ﺍﺿْﻤﺤﻞّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ: ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﻤّﻲ ،ﻫَﻲْ ﻓﻄّﻮﻡ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﺧﺪّﺍﻣۤﺔ ﻷٕﺿﻔﺮﺍ
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻻ ﺗﻌﺪﻝ ﺃﺣﻘﺮ ﺷﻲﺀ ﰲ ﺟﺴﺪﻫﺎ(.
ﺍﺿﻤﺤﻞّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺫﻫﺐ ﻭﺗﻼﺷَﻰ ﻭﺍﳓﻞّ ،ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺏُ :ﺍﻧﻘﺸﻊ،
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺿﻌﻒ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻏٔﺰّ ﺃٔﺿﺎﻓﻴْﺮٓﻭ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺃٔﺿﻤٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺿﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﱠ :ﺃﺧﻔﺎﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺳﺤﺐ ﺁﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺃٔﺿﺎﻓﲑ ﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻪ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻺﺧﻔﺎﺀ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً. )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺎﺻﻲ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ( .ﻓﻼﻥ ﻃُﻮﻟُﻮﺍ ﺃﺿﺎﻓﲑﻭ ﺑﻘَﻰ ﺑﺪّٓﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺿﻤﻮﺭ ﺑﻘﻠﺒﻚ ﺷﻲ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺑَﺤﺰﺭﻭ. ﻗٔﺺّ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻝ ﰲ ﲡﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﳊﺪ ﻓﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻨﺪ
ﺣﺪ(.
ﺃٔﺿﻨَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺿﻨﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺮﺽ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳍﻢﱡ :ﺃﺛﻘﻠﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗْﻘٕﺺّ ﺃﺿﻔْﺮﻙ ﻭﲡﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ
ﺍﻷﺿﲎ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺿَﻨِﻲ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺮﺽ. ﺁﺩﻡ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﺵ ﻣْﻘﺪّﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ) .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻻ ﺗﻈﻠﻢ ﺣﻘﲑﺍً(.
ﻛﻮﻝ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻷﺿﺎﻓﲑ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﻝ .ﻗﺺّ
ﺍﻷٕﺿُﻮ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻮﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻬﺮ ،ﻭﰲ
ﺃﺿﺎﻓﲑﻙ ﺑﺒﻴﺖ ﻋﺪﻭّﻙ.
ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻬﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺺّ ﺃﺿﺎﻓﲑﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﺘﻨﺒٓﺖ
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﺟۤﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﻭﺷﺎﻓۤﺖ ﺟﻮﺯﺍ ﻋﻢ
ﰲ ﻗﻠﺒﻮ.
ﺑﻨﺎﻏﺶ ﺍﳋﺪّﺍﻣﺔ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟّﺎﻝ ﻋٕﻤۤﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻭﺗﻮﺿّﺎ،
ﻣﺮﺗﻮ ﺟﺎﺑﺖ ﻟﻮ ﻋﻮﺍﺽ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻔۤﺔ ﻛﻠﺴﻮﻥ ﺍﳋﺪّﺍﻣﺔ: ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺺ ﺃﺿﺎﻓﲑﻭ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻏﲑﻭ ﺑﺘﺄﺫﻳﻪ ﺍﳉﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻷٔﻃﺮٔﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﻄﻠﺖ -ﺧﻴّﻮ ! ﻫﺎﻷﺿﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺃﺧﺬﻧﺎﻩ ﻣﻦ ﲪﺎﻣﻚ ﺑﻼﻩ،
ﺣﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺧﻮﺩ ﺧﺪﻭ )ﻭﻧﻘﺾ ﺃﺿﻮﻩ ﻗﺪﺍﻣﻮ(.
ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ :ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺷﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻧﻘﺾ ﺃﺿﻮ .ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﺳﺨﺔ
ﺑﺮﻏﻮﺩ ﺑﺘﻨﻘﺾ ﻟﻮ ﺃﺿﻮﻩ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﻃُﺮﺷﺎﻥ ﻭﻃُﺮﺵ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ.
ﺍﻷٔﺿﻮﺍ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺿﺎﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳓﻮ ﺃﻃﺮﺵ ﻭﺃﻋﻤﻰ ﻭﺃﻋﻮﺭ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ( :ﺃﻧﺎﺭ.
ﻭﺃﻋﺮﺝ :ﻳٕﻄﺮﺵ ،ﻭﻳٕﻌﻤﻰ ﻭﻳٕﻌﻮﺭ ﻭﻳٕﻌﺮﺝ ،ﻟﺌﻼ ﺗﺸﺘﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ
ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻭﺀ ﻤﺰﺓ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻌﺎ ﳍﻮﻥ ﺃٔﺿﻮﺍﻟﻚ.
ﻧﻌﻢ ﺃﺫﻛﺮ ﻭﻟﻦ ﺃﻧﺴﻰ ﺣﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﻄﺤﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﻃﻌۤﻢ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻱ ﻳﺴﺘﻐﻴﺚ ﻭﻳﺼﺮُﺥ ﻭﻻ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻬﺒﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺑﻴﻚ ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﻄْﻌْﻤَﻚ ﻣْﺮﺍﺩ ﻗﻠﺒﻚ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺗﻀﻄﺮﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻭﳌﺎ ﺗﺪﺭﻛﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺃٔﻃﻌﻤﻚ ﻳٕﻄﻌﻤﻨﺎ.
ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺷﺒﻪ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﺟﻨﻮﱐ :ﺟﻴﺒﻮﺍ ﺳﻼﱂ ﺟﻴﺒﻮﺍ ﻋٕﻠﺐ ﻣﻲ
ﻭﺟﻴﺒﻮﺍ ﳐﻞ ﻭﺟﻴﺒﻮﺍ ﻭﺟﻴﺒﻮﺍ ،ﻭﺟﺎﺑﻮﺍ ﻭﺟﺎﺑﻮﺍ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻗﺪﺭﻭﺍ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺘﻪ ﺟﻴﻪ :ﻳٕﻄﻌۤﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻃَﻌَﻤﻨﺎ ﻭﻳٕﺨﻠﻒ
ﻳﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً. ﻋﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﺟﺎﺏ.
ﻭﺛﺎﱐ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺷﺎﻫﺪﻧﺎ ﻛﻮﻣﺔ ﺟﺴﻤﻪ ﻓﺤﻤﺎً ﰲ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻳٕﻄْﻌَﻤﻚ ﺍﳊﺞّ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺭﺍﺟﻌﻮﻥ.
ﺍﳌﻄﺤﻨﺔ.
ﺍﻷﻃﻌٔﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻛْﻞ ﻣﺮﰐ ﺃﻃﻌﻢ ﺃﻛﻞ :ﺍﺳﻢ
ﺃٔﻃٔﻞّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻃﻞّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺃﺷﺮﻑ. ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌِﻢَ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺫﺍﻗﻪ ﻓﻮﺟﺪ ﻃﻌﻤﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺴﺎﻍ ﻃﻌﻤﻪ.
ﺍﻷٔﻃْﻠَﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻼﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﻄﺨﻪ،
ﰒ ﺗﺼﻮﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻄﺦ ﻓﻐﺪﺍ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﻃﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﲨﻞ. ﺍﻹٕﻃﻔﺎﺋﻴّۤﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﲬﺎﺩ
ﺣﺮﺍﺋﻖ ﻭﺇﻧﻘﺎﺫ ﺿﺤﺎﻳﺎﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻀﺤﺎﻳﺎ ﻛﻀﺤﺎﻳﺎ
ﺃٔﻃﻠﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻃﻠﺴﺖ ﺃٕﺟﺮﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﱪﺩ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻻﺯﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻴﻀﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮﻕ ﻭﳓﻮ ﻫﺬﺍ.
ﻗﻄﻠﺴۤﺖ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻧﻘﺺ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺭﺀﻭﺱ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ
ﺃﻭ ﺭﺟﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﱪﺩ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻧﺮﻯ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺸﺄﺕ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﻮﺝ ﺍﻹﻃﻔﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺳﻨﺔ ،١٩٣٠
ﺍﻷﻣﻄﻠﺲ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﲝﺬﻑ ﻣﻴﻤﻬﺎ. ﻭﻣﻼﻛﻪ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٩٦٠ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺿﺒﺎﻁ ﻭﺳﺘﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺭﻗﺒﺎﺀ
ﻭﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﻋﺮﻳﻔﺎً ﻭﺟﻨﺪﻳﺎً ﻭﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺳﺎﺋﻘﺎً ﻭﲬﺴﺔ
ﺍﻷٔﻃﻠٔﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻃﻠﺲ :ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮ. ﺇﻃﻔﺎﺋﻴﲔ ﻻﺳﻠﻜﻴﲔ ﻭﻫﺎﺗﻒ ﻭﻣﻨﺸﻰﺀ ﻭﺛﻼﺙ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ
ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻓﻘﻴﻞ: ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻳﻖ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﻘﺎﺫ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻼﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ ﺃﻋﻮﺝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﻕ ﺃٔﻃﻠٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮٓ ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﺳﺮﺍﺣﻮ :ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻳﺶ ﴰﺎﱄ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺑﺮﻳﺔ ﺩﺭﻛﻮﺵ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻋﻮﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻪ :ﺳﺮّﺣﻪ ﻭﺧﻼّﻩ.
ﺑﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﻕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻖ
ﺍﻷٔﻃﻴﺎﻥ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺃﻃﻴﺎﻥ، ﺇﻳﺪﻭٓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﻄﻠَﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮّﻑ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﳝﻠﻚ ﻋﻘﺎﺭﺍﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻦ ﻭﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺇﻃﻼﻗﺎً.
ﻭﺩﻛﺎﻛﲔ ﻭﲪّﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ..،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺃﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ :ﺭﻣﺰﻭﺍ
ﺑﺎﻟﻄﲔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﰒ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺇﻻ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ،ﺟﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﺬﺍ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻃﻼﻗﺎً.
ﻣﺼﺮ.
ﺃٔﻃﻠٔﻨْﺘِﻴﻚ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻴﻂ ﺍﻷﻃﻠﻨﺘﻴﻜﻲ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﺍﻷٔﻃﻴَﺐ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺎﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻃﻼﻧﺘﻴﻜﻲ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻳﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺃﻃﻠﺲ ﺑﺈﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﺬّ ﻭﺯﻛﺎ. ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃٔﻃﻴﺐ ﻭﺃٔﻃﻴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍٕﻃﻤﺄَﻥّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻃﻤﺄﻥّ :ﺧﻠﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﻦ
ﺃﻛﻞ ﻏﲑﺍ. ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻭﻑ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻏﲑﻫﻢ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻃّﻤّﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺟٕﻌﺖ ﺑﺘﺎﻛﻞ ﺃﻃﻴﺐ.
ﺍٕﻃّٔﻤّﻦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻃّﻤّﻦ :ﻋﻤَﻠﻴْﺘَﻚ ﻧﺎﺟْﺤﺔ ﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻟﻮﺯﻳﺮﻭ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻃﻤﺄﻥ ﻭﻃٔﻤﻦ. ﺍﳌﻴّۤﺔ ﻣﻴّۤﺔ.
ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﻋﺎﺩ ،ﻣﺘﻌﺪﻳﺔ ﻭﻻﺯﻣﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﻇﺮﻑ ﺟﺮﺍﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﺟﺰﺿﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ..،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻹﻋﺎﺩۤﺓ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺇﻓﺎﺩۤﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﻠﻘﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﺎ ﺃٔﻇﺮﻑ ﺷﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻹﻋﺎﺷٕﺔ :ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ
ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺗﺄﻣﲔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﳑﺎ ﲤﺲ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷٔﻇْﻠٔﻢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻇﻠﻢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﺎﺭ
ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ. ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺪ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻌﺪﻝ.
ﺃﻋﺎﻥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻋﺎﻧﻪ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻮﻧﺎً ﻟﻪ ﻭﻇﻬﲑﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻟۤﻢ ﺑﺪّﻭٓ ﺃﻇﻠٔﻢ.
ﺃﻣﺮﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃٔﻇﻠﻢ ﻣﺎﳊﺠّﺎﺝ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻋﺎﻧﻪ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺎ:
ﻭﻳﻮﺭﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ:
ﺃﻋﺎﻧﻪ.
ﻭﻻ ﻇﺎﱂ ﺇﻻ ﺳﻴُﺒﻠَﻰ ﺑﺄﻇﻠﻢِ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻋﺎﻧﺖ.
ﺃٔﻇْﻬٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺑﻴّﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻹﻋﺎﻧۤﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﱪﻉ
ﺑﺎﳌﺎﻝ ﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺧﲑﻱ. ﺍﻷٔﻇﻬٔﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺑﺪﺍ ﻭﺗﺒﻴّﻦ.
ﺍﻷﻋﺒَﺲ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺶ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ
ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﺒّﺎﺱ :ﺍﳉﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﻟﺸﻤﺲ )ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ
ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ:
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺻﲑﻩ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ
َ ﺍﻋﺘﺎﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﺎﺩ
"ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ"(.
ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ ،ﺗﻌﻮّﺩﻩ.
ﺍٕﻋﺘﺪّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﺪّ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻟﻜﺬﺍ :ﻴﺄَ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑَﺨﻴّۤﻂ ﺑٕﻤْﺴﻠَّﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺑَﻌﺘﺎﺯ ﳌﺼﻨّۤﻪ
)ﻳﺮﻯ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﺠﻊ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻻ( .ﺍﻋﺘﺰﻧﺎ ﻟﻘﻼﻻ ﻭﻗﻼﻻ ﺃﺪﻝ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﻌﺘﺪّ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻮ )ﺃﺧﻄﺌﻮﺍ، ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻻ .ﺍﷲ ﻳﻨﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺑّﺎﻏﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻌﺘﺎﺯ ﻟﻮﺳﺦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠۤﺎﺏ.
ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ :ﻣﻌﺘﺰ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻮ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻻﺑﺪّ ﻣﺎﻟﺪﻫﺐ ﻳﻌﺘﺎﺯ ﻟﻠﻨﺨﺎﻟﺔ.
ﺍٕﻋﺘﺪَﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﺪﻯ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻇﻠﻤﻪ ،ﺟﺎﻭﺯ
ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ ﰲ ﻇﻠﻤﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺷﺘﻐﻞ ﺗﻨﻜّﻞ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﺘﺎﺯ ﻟﻠﺬﻝ.
ﺍﺣﻠﻮﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺱ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﺘﺎﺯ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ .ﺧﻠّﻒ ﻟﻌﺪﻭﱠﻙ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﺘﺎﺯ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﺪٔﺍ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺪٔﺍﺀٔﺍﺕ. ﻟَﺰْﺩﻳﻘﻚ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻛٕﻞ ﻣﻌﺘﺪﻱ ﻏﻠﺒﺎﻥ. ﺍٕﻋﺘﺎٔﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﺎﺽ :ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻌِﻮﺽ:
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻯ
ُ ﺍٕﻋﺘَﺪَﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﺪﻝ
ﻭﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﺗّﺰﻥ ﻭﺗﻮﺳّﻂ ﺑﲔ ﺣﺎﻟﲔ. ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﺧﺘﱪﻩ ،ﺑﻪ:
َ ﺍٕﻋﺘﺒٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﱪ
ﺍﺗّﻌﻆ ،ﻓﻼﻧﺎً :ﺍﻋﺘﺪﱠ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻋﺪّﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝ.
ﺣﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺴﻨﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻳﻴﲏ :ﳚﻮﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺪ ﺑﻪ :ﺁﻣﻦ ﺍٕﻋﺘﺬٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﺬﺭ ﻋﻦ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ:
ﺑﻪ. ﺃﺑﺪَﻯ ﻋﺬﺭَﻩ ،ﻃﻠﺐ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﻣﻌﺬﺭﺗﻪ.
ﺍٕﻋﺘﻘﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻋﺘﻘﻞ ﺍٕﻋﺘﺮٔﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺽ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻋﺎﺭﺿًﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒﻌﲑَ :ﺷﺪّﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞَ :ﺣﺒﺴﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﻌﻪ. ﻛﺎﳋﺸﺒﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﺿﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻤﺮّ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﻧﺴﺒﻪ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﳋﻄﺄ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻧﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻘﻠﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﲔ.
ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﺽ ﻭﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﺽ ﻭﻻﺋﺤﺔ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﺽ،
ﺍٕﻋﺘﻜﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﻜﻒ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ :ﺣﺒﺲ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺩّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﺼﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﺩّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ.
ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗﻌﺘﺮۤﺽ ﺗﻨﻄﺮۤﺩ ﻳٕﻐﻠَﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ
ﺍﻋﺘﻜﺎٔﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ: ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ.
ﻭﻣُﻌﺘﻜِﻒ.
ﺍٕﻋﺘﺮٔﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺃﻗﺮّ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍٕﻋﺘﻞّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﻞّ :ﻣﺮﺽ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ ﻋِﻠّﺔ،
ﻭﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ ﻭﻛﺮﺳﻲ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ ﻋﻨﺪ
ﲤﺴﻚ ﺑﻌﻠﺔ ﺃﻱ ﲝﺠﺔ ،ﺍﻋﺘﺬﺭ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ،ﻭﻻ ﲡﻮﺯ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ ﻭﺍﳊﻞّ.
ﺍٕﻋﺘﻠَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﻠﻰ :ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﺮٔﺍﻑ.
ﺍٕﻋﺘﻤﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪﻩ :ﺍﺗّﻜﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﺮﻑ
ﻭﺍﻓﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺍﳊﺎﺋﻂ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺍﺗّﻜﺄ.
ﺑﺬﻧﺒﻪ ﻻ ﺫﻧﺐ ﻟﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻋﺘﻤٔﺎﺩ.
ﺍٕﻋﺘﺰّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻋﺘﺰّ ﺑﻪ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻗﺪّﻡ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻩ ،ﻓﺘﺢ ﺗﺸﺮّﻑ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺟﺪ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﺰﻳﺰﺍً ﺑﻪ.
ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ،ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻣﺼﺮﰲ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻋﺘﺪّ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﻌُﺮﺟﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻌُﺮْﺝ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ. ﺍﻷﻋﺠﺐ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺠﺐ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺭﺃﻯ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺤﺴﻨﻪ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳓﻮ :ﺃﻋﺮﺝ ﻭﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﻭﺃﻋﻤﻰ
ﻭﺃﻋﻮﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻭﺍﻷﻋﺠﺐ ﻣﻦ
ﻳٕﻌﺮٔﺝ ﻭﻳٕﻘﺮٔﻉ ﻭﻳٕﻌﻤَﻰ ﻭﻳٕﻌﻮٔﺭ ﻟﺌﻼ ﺗﺸﺘﺒﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻛﺬﺍ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﺃﻥ "ﺍﻝ" ﻭ "ﻣﻦ" ﻻ ﳚﺘﻤﻌﺎﻥ
ﺑﺎﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻭﺀ ﻤﺰﺓ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ. ﰲ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻓﻴﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻭﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﺍﻷﻋﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻛﺬﺍ ،ﺃﻭ :ﻭﺃﻋﺠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻛﺬﺍ.
ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ "ﺍﻟﻜَﺪﺏ" -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ..،:-
ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺵ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺴﻤﻊ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺑﻘّﺔ ﰲ ﲰﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﻰ ﺍﻷﻋﺠَﻞ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺠِﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﲏ ﺃﺭﺍﻫﺎ ،ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺝ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻳﺎﷲ ﻧﺮﻛَﺪ ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ. ﺃﺳﺮﻉ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺮﻱ :ﻭﺃﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ :ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺃَﻋﺮﺽ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻋﺮﺽ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﺻﺪّ ،ﻭﻻّﻩ ﻇﻬﺮﻩ.
ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﺃَﻋْﺰَﺏ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺽ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺮُﺽ
ﻭﰲ "ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ" :ﺍﻷﻋﺰﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ :ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺯﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺗّﺴﻊ ﻋَﺮﺿﻪ ﺃﻱ :ﺗﺒﺎﻋﺪﺕ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺘﺎﻩ.
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻮﺩ ﻋَﺰَﺏ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ
َ ﺍﻷﻋﺮٔﻑ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺮَﻑ
ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ :ﺍﻟﻌﺰﺑﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﻠﻤﻪ ،ﺃﺩﺭﻛﻪ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﻌﺰﺑﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺰّﺍﺏ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻨّﻚ ﺑﻴﻮﻡ ﺃﻋﺮٔﻑ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ(
ﻣﻨﱠﻚ ﺑﺴﻨۤﺔ.
ﻭﺗﺪﻝّ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺰﺏ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺣﻞّ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﺓ
ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﻭﺗﺮﻙ ﻭﲣﻠّﻰ. ﺍﻷﻋﺰّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺰّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛَﺮُﻡ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻋﺰَﺏ ﺩﻫﺮ ﻭﻻ ﺃﺭﻣَﻞ ﺷﻬﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍٕﺑﲏ ﻭﺃﻋﺰّ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺣﺴﺮﺓ ﺃﺭﻣﻠۤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻮﻗﺔ ﻋٕﺰﺑﺎﻥ.
ﻋﻤﺮﻭٓ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻳﻜﺸّﻒ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﺑﺎﻥ. ﺍٕﻋﺰﺍﺯ :ﻭﳘﺰﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﳘﺰﺓ ﻭﺻﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ "ﻋَﺰﺍﺯ" :ﺑﻠﻴﺪﺓ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﳊﻠﺐ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ :ﺱ ٢٩ﺹ :٢٦١ﺍﻟﻌﺰﺑﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ.
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺪﻥ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ،PATIN
ﺍﻷﻋﺰَﻝ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﺳﻼﺡ ﻣﻌﻪ. ﻳﺮﻭﻳﻬﺎ ﺮ APRIEﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﻌﺪﺋﺬ ﺑﻨﻬﺮ ﻋﻔﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ
ﺍٕﻋﺰﺍﺯ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻱ "ﻫﺎﺯﺍﺯ" ﻭﲰﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﻮﻥ:
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﻋَﺰﻻﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ.
.HARZARTﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍٕﻋﺰﺍﺯ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﻋﺰَﺯ ،ﻗﻮﱠﻯ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﻋُﺰﱠﻝ ﻭﻋُﺰﻻﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ. ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٣ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺍٕﻋﺰﺍﺯﻱ:
ﻤﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻞ ﻭﺑﺈﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ .ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﺼﻦ ﺩﻣﺮﻩ ﺯﻟﺰﺍﻝ
ﺃﻋﻄﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴّﺔ :ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ :ﻧﻮّﻟﻪ ﻭﺟﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺱ .٣٦٣
ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﻋﻄٔﻰ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ،-ﻭﺃﻧﻄَﻰ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﳏﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺹ .٢٤٢
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﺍﻷﻋﻄٔﺐ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻄِﺐ
ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ ﲜﺒﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰﻱ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻫﻠﻚ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﳉﱭ ﺍﻻﻋﺰﺍۤﺯﻱ
ﺍﻷﻋﻄﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻄِﺮ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﻭﺳﻴّۤﺦ.
ﺗﻄﻴّﺐ.
ﺍﻷﻋﻜْﺮٔﺕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺮﻭﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻋﻄٔﻒ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻄَﻒ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ. ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻢ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺷﻔﻖ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ُ ﺍﻷﻋﻠَﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻼ ﺍﻷﻋﻄٔﻞ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻄَﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﺏ
ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧﻼ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻋﻄﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺭﻋﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻃﻠﻌﺖ .ﺃﻋﻄﻞ
ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﺔ ﺃﻛﻠﺖ ﺍﻭﻻﺩﺍ.
ﻭﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻌﺔ :ﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻲّ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ُ ﺍﻷٔﻋﻈٔﻢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻈﻢ
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪ :ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭ
ﻛﱪ.
ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻭﻗﺪﺭﻩ..،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺃٔﻋﻈٔﻢ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ :ﺻﺪﺭِ
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻨﻌﻞ ﺟﺪّﻙ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ.
ﺃﻋﻈﻢ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺤﺐّ ﺍﻷﻋﻠَﻰ ﻣﻨّﺎ.
]ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﳌﺼﻴﺒﺔ[ :ﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﷲ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﻋﻠﻢَ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺃﻋﻈﻢ.
-٢ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺟﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺩﺭﻛﻮﺵ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﺮﻭٓﻙ ﺃﻋﻮٔﺝ ﻭﺍٕﺣﻜﻲ ﺳﺎۤﻭﻱ
)ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ(.
ﺍﻷﻋﻮٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻋﻮَﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺫﻫﺐ ﺣﺲّ -٣ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻷﻋﻮﺝ ﻓﻀﻞ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺳﻔﻴﻨﺔ
ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ. ﺧﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﻮﺡ ،ﻷﻧﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻮﻟّﻰ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺃﺧﺸﺎﺎ ﻣﻦ
ﻏﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭﻛﻮﺵ :ﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺭﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﻌٓﻮﺭﺍ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺃﻛﺘﺎﻓﻪ ﻭﺳﺎﻋﺪ ﺧﺎﻟﻪ ﰲ ﳒﺎﺭﺎ ﻟﻴﻨﻘﺬ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﻭﻳﻐﺮﻕ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﻋُﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﻭﻋُﻮﺭ. ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻋْﻮﻳﺮﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻋْﻮﻳﺮﺍٔ. -٤ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻓﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ
ﳜﻮﺽ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺭﻣﺰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻋﻮﺭ ﺟﻜۤﺮ ،ﻷﻢ ﻳﺮﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﲔ.
ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺪ ﺗﻼﺯﻣﻪ.
-٥ﺃﻣﺎ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻪ ﻓﺄﻣﺮﻩ ﺳﻬﻞ ﻻ ﺻﻌﺐ ﻛﻤﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳓﻮ ﺃﻋﻤﻰ ﻭﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﻭﺃﻋﻮﺭ: ﺗﺘﺼﻮﺭﻭﻥ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻠﻘﻲ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻓﻴﻤﺴﻚ ﺣﻮﺗﺎً ،ﰒ ﻳﺮﻓﻊ
ﻳٕﻌﻤَﻰ ﻭﻳٕﻘﺮَﻉ ﻭﻳٕﻌﻮَﺭ ،ﻟﺌﻼ ﻳﺸﺘﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ. ﻳﺪﻩ ﺇﱃ ﻗﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺣﱴ ﺗﻜﺎﺩ ﺗﺒﻠﻐﻪ ﻭﺍﳊﻮﺕ )ﻋﻢ ﺑﻠﻌﺒﻂ
ﺑﺈﻳﺪﻭ( ﻓﻴﺸﻮﻳﻪ ،ﰒ ﻏﲑﻩ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺸﺒﻊ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﻰ ﻟﻸﻋﻮﺭ :ﻛﺎﺱ
ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻰ ﻣﺮّ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﻧﺺ ﺍﳋﱪ. -٦ﻭﺣﺪﺙ ﺃﻥ ﺷﺮﻩ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻋﺎﺻﻒ ﻓﻔﺴﺪﺕ
ﻣﻌﺪﺗﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﺢ ﻭﺫﺭّﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺡ ﺭﺷﺎﺷﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺳﻠْﺤﻪ ﺻﻮﺏ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻸﻋﻮﺭ :ﺃﻋﻮﺭ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻮ
ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺮﺓ ،ﻓﻜﺜﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﺓ
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻ ﻳﺘﺠﻤّﻞ( .ﺿﺮّﻳﺐ ﻣﻨﺪَﻝ ﺃﻋﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﲝﻮّﺵ ﺧﺒﺰ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻋﺎﻥ.
ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ) :ﲞﻴﻞ ﺟﺪﺍً(.
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺳﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﲔ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺄﻋﻮﺭ ،ﻭﻭﺻﻔﻮﻩ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺿﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﻋﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻴﻨﻮ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ:
ﺑﺎﻷﻋﻮﺭ ﺫﻫﺎﺑﺎً ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﻋﻮﺭ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﻠﻔﺎﻧۤﺔ ﻭﺗﻠﻔﺎﻧۤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺻﺮﺓ ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻻ ﺗﺮَﻯ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﻨﻜﺔ ﻳﻐﻤﺾ ﻋﻴﻨﺎً
ﻭﻳﺴﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺑﻌﲔ ؟. ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﻭٓ ﻳﱪﻙ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﻘﻠﻊ
ﻋﻴﻨﻮ.
ﻃٔﺠّﺎﻥ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻃﺠﺎﻥ. ﺃﻋﻮٔﺭ
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻣَﺮَﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻻ ﺟﻮﺯ ،ﻛﻞ ﻣﺴﺎ
ﺃﻋﻮﺫ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻻﺫ ﻭﳉﺄ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺼﻢ ،ﻏﲑ ﺃﻢ ﲝﻤﻞ ﻻ ﺑﺪﻳﻠﻮ ﺍﻷﻛﻼﺕ ﻭﻏﲑ ﺍﻷﻛﻼﺕ ﻭﻫﻴّۤﻪ ﺑﺘﺮﻛَﺪ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ :ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻭﻧﻌﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺫ ﻭﺑﺘﺎﺧﺪﻥ ﻣﻨﻮ ﻭﺑﺘﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻮ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻧﺴﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ :-ﺍﷲ
ﻓﺘﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﺎﺿﻴﺎً ﻭﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﺎً ﻭﺃﻣﺮﺍً. ﻳﺮﺯﻗﻚ ﻳﺎﺭﺟَﺎﻝ !
ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ :ﻋﺪۤﺓ ،ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌَﻮْﺫ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﺎﺫ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺃﺟﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺟّﺎﻝ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺷﻲ ،ﺭﻓﻌﺖ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻻﺫ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﺪۤﺓ. ﻋﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﻃﻠّﻌﺖ ﺑﻮﭼﻮ ،ﻭﻃﻠّﻌﺖ ﻭﺻﺎﺣﺖ :ﻳِﻲ ! ﻳﺎ ﺭﺟّﺎﻝ !
ﺗﻴۤﺮِﻱ ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺃﻋﻮﺭ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺎﱄ ﺧﱪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻨّﻚ ﻳﺎﺷﻴﻄﺎﻥ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺑﺴﺘﺎﱐ ﺃﻋﻮﺭ ﺭﺍۤﻛﺐ ﺟﺤﺸﻮ
ﺃﻋﻴﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻋﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﻋﺠﺰ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻬﺘﺪ
ﻭﻣﻌﺪﱢﻱ ﺟﻨﺐ ﺟﺒّﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺎۤﺑﻠۤﺔ ،ﲰﻊ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺷﺐ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﻜﻲ
ﻟﻮﺟﻬﻪ ،ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺀُ ﺍﻷﻃﺒّﺎﺀَ :ﻋﺠﺰﻭﺍ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﺍﺗﻪ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﱪ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﳊﺎﻟﻮ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻷﻧﺰۤﻝ ﻭﺃﻛﺴّۤﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻧﺰۤﻝ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﻳﺎ
ﺍﻷﻋﻴَﺎﻥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲨﻊ ﻋَﻴْﻦ :ﺍﻟﺴﻴّﺪ ،ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻒ ،ﻭﻻ ﺧﻴﻮ ! ﻻ ﺗﺒﻜﻲ ﻫَﻲْ ﺣﺎﻟۤﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺐ ﻏﺮﻗﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺎ:
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﻫﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺗﺄﺛﺮﺍً ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ. ﺁﻩ ،ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻮ ﺑﺼﻮﺕ ﻣﻨﻘﻄﻊ :ﻣﻨﻮ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﻄﻠّﻊ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃٕﻣّﻲ ﻳﺎﻋﻤﻮ ﺣﺞ ﺃﻋﻮﺭ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ! ﻣﻨﻮ ﺑﺪﻱ ﻳﺴﻘﻲ ﺩﺍﻟۤﻴﺔ
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﻋﻴٔﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﻩ. ﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃٕﻣﻲ ﻳﺎﻋﻤﻮ ﺣﺞ ﺃﻋﻮﺭ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ! ﻣﻨﻮ...
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﲰﻰ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﻜﺎﻥ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ "ﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﻥ". ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻋﻴﻒ ﻋﲔ ﻋﻤﻚ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻕ ﺩﺍۤﻟِﻴﺖ ﺃﻣﻚ،
ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ :ﺃﻋﻴﺎﻥ.
ﻳﻨﻌﻞ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﻚ ،ﻭﺭﻛﺐ ﺟﺤﺸﻮ ﻭﺭﺍﺡ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﺪۤﺱ ﻟﻮﻟﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﱪٕﻏﻞ ﻣٕﺮﺟﺎﻥ:
ﻣْﺠَﺪّﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﱪٕﻏٓﻞ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻠﺘﻘِﻲ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ٨
ﺹ :٣٤٧ﺃﻋﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ .١٧٩٢
ﺟـ ٣ﺹ ٤٥٥ﰲ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺥ ﰲ "ﺇﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ" ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﻏﺎﺛﻮ.
ﺣﻮﺍﺩﺙ ١٢٨٢ﻫـ :ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻇﻬﺮﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﻧﲑ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻳﺔ ﲝﻠﺐ ﺃٔﻏٔﺎﺟٓﻖ] :ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ :ﺻﺎﺟﻠﻴﺨﺎﻥ
ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ :ﺻﻨﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻏﺒﺎﱐ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺪ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﻧﺼﺮﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﺳﻠﻤﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﺎﱐ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐَﺰّﻱ ﰲ )ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ( ﺟـ ٢ﺹ :٣٤٤ﻭﺃﻏﺎﺟﻖ
ﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻃﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺎﱄ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺭﺃﺕ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺯﻧﺎﺭﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺻﻨﻊ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﺍﻵﻏﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ،ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﶈﻠﺔ ﻳﺰﻋﻤﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ
ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻘﻄﺖ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻌﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺻﻨﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻏﺎ ﺟﻮﻕ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺁﻏﺎ ﭼﻮﻕ( ﺃﻱ :ﻛﺜﲑ ،ﻭﳛﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ
ﻳﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻟﻮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﲢﻤﻞ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ،ﺧﻼﺻﺘﻬﺎ :ﺃﻥ ﺑﺎﱐ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻊ ﻋﻤّﺮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﲦﻦ ﺣﻨﻄﺔ
ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ. ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﰲ ﳐﺰﻥ ﻣﻮﻛﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻒ ،ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺳﺄﻝ
ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﰒ ﻇﻬﺮﺕ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺮﻳﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﻮﻳﻒ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻲ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺁﻏﺎ ﺟﻮﻕ )ﺁﻏﺎ !
ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﻓﻘﻀﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ. ﭼﻮﻕ( ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻛﺎﺩ ﻳﻜﻤﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ ﲦﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻭﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ
ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﺮﺁﻫﺎ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺟﺪﺍً ،ﻓﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻗﺪ ﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﻟﻪ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻏﺒﺎﱐ ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭ. ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻏﲑ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﻈﺮﻩ ﺑﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻧﻔﺬﺕ ،ﻓﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ ﻗﺪ
ﺫﻫﺒﺖ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ.
ﻭﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﻤﻢ ﺑﺎﻷﻏﺒﺎﱐ ﺷﺎﺑﺎﻥ
ﻭﺟﻴﻬﺎﻥ ﻭﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺁﻝ ﺑﺎﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﻧﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺃﻏﺎﺟﻖ ﲢﺮﻱ ﺑﺎﻏﺎﺟﻖ ﺃﻱ :ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻭﻡ
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺇﳝﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺩﻢ ،ﻭﺃﺧﻮ ﺃﺧﺘﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑﺓ.
ﺑﺼﺢ ﻟﻠﻮ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﺃﻏﺒﺎﱐ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﻪ :ﺹ :١٧٢ﺟﺎﻣﻊ
ﺃﻏﺎﺟﻖ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ :ﺱ ٣٤ﺹ ٣٨٢ﻋﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺑﺪﺍﺋﻊ
ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻑ" ﳌﺨﻄﻮﻁ )ﻭﺍﻵﻥ ﻃﺒﻊ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭﻧﺎ( :ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻷﻏﺒَﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻏَﺒِﻲ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﻌﻤﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﻄﺮّﺯ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻄﻨﺔ.
ﺧﺎﻥ ﻭﺑﺎﻷﻏﺒﺎﱐ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﻤّﺔ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﻭﺑﻘﻴّﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻵﻥ،
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻒ ﻏﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻷٔﻏﺒَٔﺎﻧِﻲ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻐٔﺒﺎﻧِﻲ :ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ
ﻳﻄﺮّﺯ ﺑﺎﳊﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺁﺑﺎﻧِﻲ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ
"ﻛﺸﻴﺪَﺓ" ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ "ﺷﻐﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺭﺓ" ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻷﻥ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺗﺸﺪّ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺭﺓ ) :ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ( ﻭﻳﻄﺮﺯﻧﻪ
ﺑﺎﳌﺨﺮﺯ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻏﺘﺼٔﺎﺏ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٦ﺹ .٢٤٩
ﺍٕﻏﺘﻔٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻏﺘﻔﺮ ﺍﷲ ﺫﻧﺒَﻪ :ﻏﻔﺮﻩ ﻟﻪ، ﺍﻷٔﻏﺒٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻏﱪ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ :ﻣﺎ ﻟﻮﻧﻪ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ. ﻟﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻐُﺒﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻷٔﻏﻠﻆ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻏَﻠُﻆ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺃَﻏﻀٔﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺃﻃﺒﻖ ﺟﻔﻨﻴﻪ
ﺧﻼﻑ ﺩَﻕّ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪﻗﺘﻪ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺳﻜﺖ ﻭﺻﱪ.
ﺍﻷٔﻏﻤﻖ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻏﻴﻨﻪ ﻋﲔ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﺃﻏﻀﺐ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻏﻀﺒﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﻐﻀﺐ.
ﻷﺣﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻴﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﲔ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻀﺐ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻭﺃﻣّﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺠﺢ
-١ﳓﻮ :ﻫﺎﳉﺐ ﺃﻏﻤﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﰲ ﺃﻣﻮﺭﻭ.
ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺑَﻌُﺪ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺳﻔﻞ.
ﺃَﻏﻔﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻏﻔﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﳘﻠﻪ.
-٢ﳓﻮ :ﻫﺎﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺃﻏﻤﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ
ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﳌﻌﲎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﳌﻐﻔﻠﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻏﲑ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﰎ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺷﻒ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ. ﺍﶈﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ.
ﺃٕﻏﻤﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃُﻏﻤﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻏﺸِﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﰒ ﺍﻷﻏﻔﻞ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻏَﻔَﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ
ﺃﻓﺎﻕ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻏﲑﻫﻢ ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ: )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺫَﻫَﻞ ﻭﺳﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﻪ ،ﺗﺮﻛﻪ.
ﺻٔﻔْﺮٔﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻷٔﻏﻠَﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻼ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺮُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺃَﻏﻨَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻏﻨﺎﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻏﻨﻴﺎً ،ﻣﺎ ﻳﻐﻨﻴﻚ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺭﺧﺺ.
ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ :ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﻔﻌﻚ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺃﻏﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻮﻟﺪ :ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎﺗﺸﻮﻓﻮ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﲰﺎﻙ ﺃﻏﻨﺎﻙ .ﻣﻦ ﺷﻢّ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﺷﺎﻓﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻣﻨﻮ ﺃﻏﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻮﻟﺪ ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻭﻟﺪ
ﺃﻏﻨﺎﻩ ﻋﻦ ﻃﻌﻤﻮ .ﻧﺺ ﺑﻄﻦ ﺑﺘﻐﻨِﻲ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻼﺗﺎ. ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ.
ﺍﻷﻏﻨَﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻏَﻨِﻲ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ ﺃﻏﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﺴﺎۤﺑﻴۤﺔ.
ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ ﻏﲎ ﻭﻭﻓﺮﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﻠﻘﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻻ :ﻣﻨﻮ ﺃﻏﻠَﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﻴﻠۤﺔ ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻏﻨَﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺭُﻭﻥ. ﻟﻮ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻔّﻮ ﻭﺑَﻨﺎﻡ ﻛﻞ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ.
ﺃٔﻏﻮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻏﻮﺍﻩ :ﺃﺿﻠّﻪ. ﺍﻷﻏﻠَﺐ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻠﺒﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﻬﺮﻩ،
ﻏﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜَﺮﻡ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺻﻔﺎﺗﻪ .ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﳌﻌﲎ:
ﺍﻷٔﻏﻮٔﻯ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻏَﻮَﻯ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺿﻞّ ﻭﺍﻤﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ. ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻭﻗﻮﻋﺎً.
ﺍﻷﻏْﻴٔﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎﺭ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪ ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﻷﻏﻠﺒﻴّﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣﺮِﺹ ﺃﻻّ ﻳﻨﺎﳍﺎ ﺳﻮﺍﻩ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﻏﻠﺒﻴّﺖ.
ﺃٔﻏْﻴٓﺮ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﻏﻴﻮﺭ] :ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﰲ ﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ،ﺃﻏﻠﺒﻴﺔ
ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻴۤﺨﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ. ﺍﻷﺻﻮﺍﺕ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻﺕ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻊ :ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ -٢ﺃﺎ ﳏﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻦ "ﺁٔﻕ ﻳﻮٓﻝ" ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً" :ﺁﻕ"
ﺍﻟﻌﺒّﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻺﺭﺷﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﻭﺑﺬﻝ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ: ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻌﺐ ،ﻭ "ﻳﻮﻝ" :ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺏ ،ﻓﺎﳌﺆﺩﻯ :ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺏ
ﺟﻠﺲ ﻟﻺﻓﺎﺩﺓ. ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺐ ﺳﻠﻮﻛﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺔ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﺟﺘﻴﺎﺯﻩ ﺷﺘﺎﺀ ﺇﺫ
ﻃﲔ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺭ ﺗﺰﻟﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺭﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻭﺇﻣﺎ ﻷﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﻲّ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ: ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺨﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ ﺟﺒﺎﻧﺎﺕ ،ﻓﺎﻟﺪﺭﺏ
ﺃﺧﺬﻭﺍ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﳌﺪّﻋِﻲ ﻭﺍﳌﺪّﻋَﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﻋﺮﺿﺔ ﻟﻘﻄّﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻢ ﲰﻌﻨﺎ ﳓﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﺭﻙ ﻋﻬﺪ
ﺍﳌﺸﻠّﺤﲔ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﻲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻹﻋﺎﺩۤﺓ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺇﻓﺎﺩۤﺓ.
-٣ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﰲ "ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ" ﺟـ ٢ﺹ :٤٠٧ﻗﻴﻞ
ﺍﻷﻓﺎﻋﻲ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲨﻊ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﻰ :ﺍﳊﻴﺔ ﺍﳋﺒﻴﺜﺔ ،ﻭﻗﻠﻤﺎ
ﺃﺻﻞ ﺃَﻏُﲑ :ﺁﻏﺎ ﻳﻮﻟِﻲ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻵﻏﺎ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻣﲑ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﻫﺎ .ﻭﻳﻮﺭﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ:
ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﶈﻼﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ.
ﺇﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﺎﻋﻲ -ﻭﺇﻥ ﻻﻧﺖ ﻣَﻼﻣِﺴُﻬﺎ -
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻫﻞ ﺃﻏﻴٓﺮ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺑﻘﺘﻠﻮﺍ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﺓ
ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﱡﺐ ﰲ ﺃﻧﻴﺎﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻄَﺐُ. ﺑﺸﺘﻜﻮﺍ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺑﺸﻬﺪﻭﺍ.
ﺃﻓْﺄَﻑ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺴﻜﲔ ! ﺷﻔﺘﻮ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺄﻓﺌﻒ ﻣﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﻮﻻﻳﺔ ﺩﻓﲔ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ
ﺑﺮﺩﻭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻑ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻩ. ﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﻧﻪ :ﺣﺎﻣﻲ ﺃﻏﻴٓﺮ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻨﺠﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﳌﻠﻤﺎﺕ :ﺇﻳﻪ
ﻳﺎﺷﻴﺦ ...ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺣﺎﻣﻲ ﺃﻏﻴٓﺮ.
ﺍﻷﻓﺎﻋﻴﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺳﺎﻭٔﻯ ! ﺳﺎﻭٔﻯ
ﺍﻷﻓﺎﻋﻴﻞ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻴﺒﺔ :ﲨﻊ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﰲ )) ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ (( :ﺟـ ٣ﺹ ١٠٥ﺱ ١٨٤٦ﻋﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ
ﻧﻌﻮﻡ ﲞﺎﺵ:
"ﻣﻮﻟّﺪ" ،ﻭﰲ"ﺍﳌﱳ" ﻋﻦ "ﺍﻟﻜﺸّﺎﻑ" ﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﺮﰊ.
ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺭﺍﺣﻮﺍ ﺍﻧﺼﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﳌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ،ﻭﺩﺧﻞ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻷﻓﺎﻗﻴّۤﺔ]:ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﺃﻓَﺎﻗﻴّۤﺔ ﻭﺃَﻓَﻘﻴّۤﺔ،
ﺑﻮّﺍﺑﺔ ﺃﻏﻴٓﺮ ،ﻷﻧﻪ ﺍٕﺟﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ "ﻛﻠّﺰ".
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺑﺎﳌﺼﺎﺩﻓﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﻓﺔ.
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﳌﻬﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺇﻓﺘﺎﺀ.
ﺑﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﺳُﻤﻮٌ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﻏﲎ.
ﺍﻷﻓﺘَﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍٕﺑﲏ ﺃﻓﱴ ﻣﻦ ﺍٕﺑﻨﻚ :ﺍﺳﻢ
ﺍٕﻓﺘﺮﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊُ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﺴﺔَ :ﺩﻕّ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﺘُﻮَ ﺃﻭ ﻓَﺘِﻲ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﺍ ﻓُﺘﻮّﺓ.
ﻋﻨﻘَﻬﺎ ،ﺻﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻭﻗﺘﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺍٕﻓﺘﺘﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺢ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺃﻩ ﺑﻪ،
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﺓ ) :ﺗﺼﻮﺭﻭﺍ ﺇﺗﻴﺎﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩَ :ﻓﺘﺤﻬﺎ.
ﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﺭﺍﺩﺎ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺳﺎً (.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻓﺘﺘٔﺎﺡ.
ﺍٕﻓﺘﺮٔﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺽ :ﺗﺼﻮّﺭ ﺑﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ
ﺍٕﻓﺘﱳ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻓﺘﱳ :ﻭﻗﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻓﺘَﺘَﻨَﻪ:
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ،ﺍﷲُ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ :ﺃﻭﺟﺐ.
ﺃﻭﻗﻌﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ ،ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﺍﺳﺘﻬﻮﺍﻩ ﻭﺃﻋﺠﺒﻪ ،ﺑﺎﳌﺮﺃﺓ :ﺃﺣﺒﻬﺎ
ﺍٕﻓﺘﺮٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻓﺘﺮﻕ :ﺿﺪّ ﲡﻤّﻊ. ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍً.
ﺍٕﻓﺘﻀﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻓﺘﻀﺢ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ، ﺍﻓﺘﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ :ﺭﺋﻴﺲ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﺍﻧﻜﺸﻔﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﺋﻪ. ﺍﳊﻨﻔﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٦١٦ﻫـ.
ﺍٕﻓﺘﻄﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻄﻤﺖ ﺍﻷﻡّ ﻭﻟﺪَﻫﺎ ﺍٕﻓﺘﺨﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻓﺘﺨﺮ :ﺑﺎﻫَﻰ ﻭﲤﺪّﺡ ﺑﺎﳋﺼﺎﻝ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻓﺼﻠﺘﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﺿﻌﻬﺎ ،ﻋﻮّﺩﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻐﺬﱠﻯ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﻭﺍﳌﻜﺎﺭﻡ.
ﺑﻐﲑ ﻟﺒﻨﻬﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺪﻟﺔ ﻣﻔﺘﺨﺮﺓ ،ﺃﻛْﻞ ﻣﻔﺘﺨﺮ
ﺍٕﻓﺘﻄﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻄﻦ )ﻣﺜﻠﺜﺔ( ﻟﻸﻣﺮ ﻭﺑﻪ )ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺨﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺟﻴّﺪ(.
ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﻨﺒﻪ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻔﻄﻨﺘﻪ ،ﺃﺩﺭﻛﻪ ،ﻓﻬﻤﻪ ،ﺣﺬﻕ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﻥ ﻻﻓﺘﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺎﻥ ﳓﻮ :ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﻛﻮﻟﻮﻧﻴﺎ
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻓﺘﻄﻦ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺗﺬﻛّﺮ. ﻭﺑﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﻣﻔﺘﺨﺮﺓ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻔﺘﻌﻞ ﳚﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻓﺘﺪﺍ.
ﻳﻔﻌﻞ.
ﺍٕﻓﺘﺮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻓﺘﺮﻯ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺬﺏَ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻘﻪ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺿﺤﻜﺔ ﻣﻔﺘﻌﻠﻪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﺘﺼﻨﻌﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻓﺘﺮٔﺍ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﰲ ﻣﺮﺗﻮ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ
ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻉ.
ﺃﻓﺮٔﺝ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻓﺮﺝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﲔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻪ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﳌﻦ ﺃﻃﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺎﺏ :ﺍﻓﺘﻘﺪﻧﺎﻙ ﻣﺎ ﺷﻔﻨﺎﻙ
ﻻ ﺑﺄﺭﺽ ﻭﻻ ﺑﺴْﻤﺎ.
ﺍﻷﻓﺮٔﺝ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﺮَﺝ ﳘّﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﻛﺸﻔﻪ. ﺍٕﻓﺘﻘٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻓﺘﻘﺮ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻓﻘﲑﺍً ،ﺿﺪّ
ﺍﺳﺘﻐﲎ ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺍﺣﺘﺎﺝ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﺃﻓﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺘﻜٓﻦ ﺷﺒﺎۤﺑﻴﻜﻮ
ﺑﺘﺸﻠﻒ ﻟَﺒﻌﻴﺪ. ﺍٕﻓﺘﻜﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﻜَﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﺄﻣﻞ
ﺑﻨﻈﺮ ﻭﺭﻭﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ.
ﺃَﻓﺮٔﺩ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻓﺮﺩﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍً ﺃﻭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻼً.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ "ﻣﱳ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ" :ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻓﺘﻜﺮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓﻜّﺮ ﻓﻬﻮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﺮْﻃۤﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﺗﻮ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻳٕﻔﺮﺩ ﻋﺎﻣّﻲ.
ﻻ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻞ :ﻟﻴﺶ ﺑﺘﺎﻛﻞ ﺷﻮٓﻙ ؟
ﺍﻷﻓﺮٔﺩ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﺮَﺩ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﺑَﻔﺘﻜﺮﻭﺍ ﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ.
ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍٕﻓْﺘَﻬﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ،ﺟﺰّﺃﻩ :ﺃﻓﺮﺯﺕ ﺍﳊﻴّﺔ
َ ﺃَﻓﺮٔﺯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻓﺮﺯ ﺃﺩﺭﻛﻪ ﺑﺬﻫﻨﻪ.
ﲰّﻬﺎ :ﺭﺷﺤﺖ ﺑﻪ.
ﺃﻓﺤﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻊ ﺷﻴﺨﻨﺎ ﻭﺷﻴﺨﻜﻦ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻓﺮﺍﺯ. ﻭﺗﻨﺎﻗﺸﻮﺍ ﻭﲡﺎﺩﻟﻮﺍ ،ﻭﺃﺧﲑﺍً ﺃﻓﺤﻢ ﺷﻴﺨﻨﺎ ﺷﻴﺨﻜﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﻣﻮﻟّﺪﺓ :ﺃﻟﺰﻣﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺣﺠﺘﻪ ،ﺃﺳﻜﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺧﺼﻮﻣﺔ.
ﺍﻹﻓﺮﻳۤﺰﺍ :ﺁﻟﺔ ﺗﺪﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻓﺮٔﻕ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣَﻦ ﺑﲔ ﺃﺳﻨﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺒﺎﻋﺪ.
ﺍﻹﻓﺮﻳﺰ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗْﺨﺎﻑ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺯﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ
ﻭﻛﻮﺳﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻮﻥ ﻭﺃﻓﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻥ .ﺃﻓﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﺃﺯﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ
ﺍﻹﻓﺮﻳﺰﺓ :ﺳﻘﻴﻔﺔ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﺗﺸﺮﻉ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﳊﺎﺋﻂ ﻣﻦ
ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻟﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻧﺘﻮﺀ ،ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﻭﻛﻮﺳﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻮﻥ ﺃﻟﻌﻦ ﻣﻨّﻦ ﻣﺎﺑﻜﻮﻥ.
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً "ﺍﻟﻜُﻨّﺔ" ،ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻊ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﺮﻧﺞ. ﺍﻹٕﻓﺮﻧﺞ:
ﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺎ :ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳋﻤﺲ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﺮﳒﻲ. ﺍﻹﻓﺮﳒﻲ:
ﺣﺠﻤﺎً ،ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻃﺎﺟﻴﻮﻥ ﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﴰﺎﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﰒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺓ
ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ ،ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺑﻞ ﲰﻮﻫﺎ "ﻓْﺮﻳﻜﻴﻪ" ﺍﻹٕﻓﺮﻳﺰ :ﻃَﻨَﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺷﺮﻑ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻧﺎﺗﺌﺎً ﻋﻦ
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﺀ. ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻭﰲ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻬﺎ ﳎﻬﻮﻻً ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ١٨ﺣﲔ ﺑﺪﺃ -١ﺃﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ:
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﺭ ﻓﻌﺮﻓﺖ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ .AFRIQUE PHRYGIUMﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﻓﺮﳚﻴﺎ :ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺁﺳﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ،ﻭﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺃﻥ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻧﺘﻮﺀﺍﺕ ،ﻭﺇﱃ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﳝﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺸﺮﻕ "ﻓﺮﻧﻜَﻞ".
ﺍﻷﻓَﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃَﻓَﻖ ﻭﺍﻧﻔﺘﺤﺖ ﺳﲑﺗَﻚ. ﺃﻓﺴَﺢ] :ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻓﺴﺢ ﻟﻪ ﻟﻴﺠﻠﺲ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻷﻓﺎﻗﻴﺔ. ﲜﺎﻧﺒﻪ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﻓﺴﺢ ﻟﻪ :ﻭﺳﱠﻊ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺃﻓﺴﺢ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ
ﻭﺃﻓﺴﺢ ﻟﻪ ﺍﺎﻝ ،ﺻﻮﺍﻤﺎ :ﻓﺴﺢ.
ﺍﻷﻓْﻖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻓُﻖْ ﻭﺍﻷُﻓُﻖ :ﻣﺎ ﻇﻬﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻲ
ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﰲ ﺃﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺁﻓﺎﻕ. ﺍﻷﻓﺴﺢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﺴَﺢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺑﺎﻋﺪ
ﺧﻄﻮﻩ ،ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻠﺲ :ﻭﺳّﻊ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃٓﻓۤﻖ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻏﲑ ﺻﺎﱀ.
َ ﺃﻓﺴﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻓﺴﺪ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃُﻓُﻖ ﻭﺁﻓﺎﻕ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ُ ﺍﻷﻓﺴﺪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺴﺪ
ﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻲ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻫﻮ ﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﳌﻤﺎﺱ ﺿﺪّ ﺻﻠُﺢ.
ﻟﺴﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ،ﻭﺑﺘﻼﻗﻴﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﲢﺪﺙ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ
ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ. ﺃﻓْﺸَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻓﺸَﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺮّ :ﺃﺫﺍﻋﻪ ،ﻛﺸﻔﻪ.
ﺃﻓﻘﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻓﻘﺮﻩ :ﺿﺪّ ﺃﻏﻨﺎﻩ. ﺍﻷﻓﺸَﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺸﺎ ﺍﳋﱪُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺫﺍﻉ.
ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ :ﻓﻘّﺮ.
ﺍﻷﻓﺼﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻓﺼﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩﻱ
ﺍﻷﻓﻘﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﻘُﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺣﺘﺎﺝ، ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻤﺮﺗﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺝ.
ﺿﺪّ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﲎ.
ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﻀَﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺯﺍﺩ
ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﻘِﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻀﻠﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻷﻓﺎﺿﻞ ،ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻠﻴّﺔ.
ﻓﻘﻴﻬﺎً.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﻓﻀﻠﻴّﺖ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ: ﺃَﻓَﻘﻴّۤﺔ]:ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺷﻐﻠﺔ ﺃَﻓَﻘﻴّﺔ.
ﺃﻓﺎﻗﻴﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﳉﺤﺎۤ :ﺑﺘﻤﻮﺕ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺘﻌﺮّۤﺹ ؟
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﺍﳊﻲ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﺎﳌﻴّۤﺖ.
ﺍﻷﻓﻜﻪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻛﻬﺔ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﻟﻠﺬﺓ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً.
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ :ﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﺴﻲ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.MOUFLOUZIS :
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺣﻠﺲ ﺃﻣﻠﺲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻓَﻚ
ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻓﻠﺲ.
ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻗﺼﻄﻤﻮﻧﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻓﻠﺲ ﺍﳉﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﺪﻭّﺭ ﻋﺎﻟﺪﻓﺎۤﺗﺮ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﻮﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﳋﺪﻳﻮﻱ :ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﻨﺎ. ﺍﻟﻌﺘﻖ )ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺳﺎﺋﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺑﻠﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ(.
ﻣﻔﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﻻ ﳛﺒﺴﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻦ ﻻ ﺗُﺒﺎﻉ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻣﻔﻠۤﺲ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳّﺔ.
ﻭﺫﻛﺮﺕ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﰲ ﻣﺎﺩّﺓ "ﻓﻨﺪ" ﻛﻤﺴﺘﺪﺭﻙ ﻣﻦ ﺃَﻓْﻠَﻤۤﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑَﻼ ﺃَﻓﻠﻤۤﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺩﻭﻥ
"ﺗﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ". ﺷﻜﻮﻯ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺬﻣﱡﺮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭﻓﻠﻪﻣَﻪ :ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺦ ،ﺍﻟﻨَﻔَﺲ ،ﺯَﻓﺮﺓ
ﺍﻷﱂ ،ﻭﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻓﲑ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺃَﻓَﻠﱡﻮ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ :ﺃﻓَﻠّﻮ ﻛﻔﻠﻚ ﻓْﻼﻥ ﺃﻧﺎ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃَﻓَﻨﺪۤﻡ ! ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﺑَﺪَﻳْﻨَﻚ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻭﻟﻮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃَﻑ ﻻ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺣﺘّﻰ.
ﺳﻴﺪﻱ !.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﻔﲎ.
َ ﺃَﻓْﻨَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻓَﻨَﻰ
ﳉﻮﺍﺏ " -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ - ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ " ٔﺁ
ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ،ﻣﻊ ﻓﺎﺭﻕ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻡ ﺃﻟﺼﻖ ﺑﺎﻷﺩﺏ. ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﻓَﻨَﻰ ﺍﻟﺸِﻲ.
ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺻﺎﺡ :ﻣٔﺎﻣٔﺎ ،ﺑٔﺎﺑٔﺎ ﺃﺟﺎﺑﺎﻩ ﺃَﻓَﻨْﺪۤﻡ !. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﻮﻑ ﻫﺎﳋﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺃَﻓﻨَﻰ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﻷﻣﺘﻮ
ﻭﺃﻣﺘﻮ ﺃﺵ ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ ﻟﻚ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﱵ ﻓﻘﻂ ،ﻭﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﺘﻨﺎ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﻨﺎ(،
ﻭﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﺘَﻚ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﻚ( ،ﻭﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﺘۤﻚ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﻜﻲ(، ﺃﻓَﻨﺪۤﻡ ،ﺃﻓﻨﺪۤﻡ ﺳُﻠَﻴّۤﻢ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻷﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﺘﻜٓﻦ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﻜٓﻦ( ،ﻭﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﺘﻮ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﻪ( ،ﻭﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﺘﺎ )ﺃﻭ ﺃَﻓَﻨْﺪﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻟﻘﺐ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺴﻴّﺪ،
ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳّﺎ( ،ﻭﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳﺘٓﻦ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻳّٓﻦ(. ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ AFTHENDIS :ﺃﻭ AFENTISﺃﻭ APHENTÈS
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﻜﺎﻛﻴﺰ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻓﻨﺪﳝﻪ ﺳﻮﻳﻠﻪ ﱘ، ﻋﻦ ﻻﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ.
ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﻗﻮﻝ ﻟﺴﻴﺪﻱ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ :ﻳﺎ ﺃﻓﻨﺪۤﻡ
ﺳُﻠَﻴّۤﻢ.
ﺇﻗﺎﻣَﺘﻜَﺎٔﻩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻛﻠﻤﺘﺎﻥ" :ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ" ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺍﻷﻓْﻬَﻢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻓﻼﻥ
ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﳌﻜﺎﻥ ،ﻭ "ﻛَﺎٔﻩ" :ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻤﻌﲎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋَﻘَﻠﻪ ،ﻋَﻠِﻤﻪ ،ﻋَﺮَﻓﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ :ﳏﻞ ﺍﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ،ﺍﳌُﻘﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻷﻓﻮٔﺩ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻓﻴَﺪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺎﺩﺕ ﻟﻪ
ﺍﻷﻗﺒﺢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒُﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻓَﻴْﺪﺍً )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﻟﻪ.
ﺿﺪّ ﺣﺴُﻦ.
ﺍﻷﻓﻴﻮﻥ :ﻭﰲ "ﺍﳌﱳ" :ﺍﻷُﻓﻴﻮﻥ ،ﻭﰲ "ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻊ":
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﺬﺭ ﺃﻗﺒﺢ ﻣﻦ ﺫَﻧﺐ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷُﻓﻴﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻷَﻓِﻴﻮﻥ :ﻋﺼﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﻤﻐﻴﺔ ﺗﺘﺤﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻮﺯ
ﻜﻤﺎﺕ ﳒﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ(. ﺍﳋﺸﺨﺎﺵ ﰒ ﲡﻤﺪ ،ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻜﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﱘ،
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺪﻣﻨﻮ ﺍﳌﺨﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺪﻳﺮ.
ﺃَﻗْﺒَﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺗَﻰ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺃﺩﺑﺮ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ،ﻟﺰﻣﻪ
ﻭﺃﺧﺬ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃَﻓﻴﻮﻥ ،ﻭﺑﻪ ﲰﻴﺖ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ
"ﺃﻓﻴﻮﻥ ﻗَﺮَﻩ ﺣﺼﺎﺭ" ﰲ ﺁﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ،ﻷﺎ ﺗﻌﺘﲏ ﺑﺰﺭﺍﻋﺘﻪ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺇﻗﺒٔﺎﻝ. ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻷﻭﺣﺪ ﻟﻪ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻋﺸﺮ.
ﻭﲰﺖ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ :ﺇﻗﺒٔﺎﻝ. OPION ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻗْﺒَﻞ :ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ. ﻷﻥ ﺁﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺃﻗﺒﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. OPIOUM ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ:
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎﺭﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﻥ ﺃﻗﺒﻠۤﺖ )ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ( ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ
ﻭﺍﻥ ﺃﳏﻠۤﺖ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ. ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺍٕﻗﺘﺎﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻗﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﲣﺬﻩ
ﻗﻮﺗﺎً ﻟﻪ. ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺧﻼﺻﺘﻪ :ﺭﻭﺡ ﺍﻷﻓﻴﻮﻥ.
ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ] :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ :ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺍٕﻗﺘﺤﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻗﺘﺤﻢ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﺭﻣَﻰ ﻧﻔﺴَﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ
ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﰲ ﺃَﺟْﺪَﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﳋﲑﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺑﺸﺪّﺓ ﻭﻣَﺸﻘّﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳌﱰﻝَ :ﺍﻫﺘﺠﻤﻪ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻬﻼﻛﻬﺎ ﺑﺈﺣﺪﻯ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺮﻭﺓ.
ﺍٕﻗﺘﺪﺭَ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻗﺘﺪﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻗﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﲤﻜﻦ
ﻭﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ :ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ. ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﺟّﻪ :ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺈﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﻗﺘﺪٔﺍﺭ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ :ﺱ ٢٩ﺹ :٥٣ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺎ. ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻨﺸﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺗﻴﺐ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﺟّﻪ. ﻳﺎﻣَﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﻟَﻰ ﻓﺎﻗﺘﺪَﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺑّﻨﺎ ! ﻳﺎﻣﻦ ﺳَﺘَﺮ
ﺍٕﻗﺘﺼﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺿﺪّ ﺃﻓﺮﻁ، ﻭﺍﳏﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﻔﻮ ﻣَﻦ ﻛﻔﺮ ﺍﻧﺼُﺮ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻧﻨﺎ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ :ﺗﻮﺳّﻂ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﺍﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺘﲑ.
ﺍٕﻗْﺘَﺮٔﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺪُ :ﻗﺮُﺏ ،ﺩﻧﺎ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺌﺎﻥ :ﺗﻘﺎﺭﺑﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳُﻌﺪﱠﻯ ﻓﻌﻞ "ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺪ" ﻓﻼ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺪ ﻛﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﳌﺎﻝ. ﺍٕﻗﺘﺮﺡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺟﺘﺒﺎﻩ
ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭﻩ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﲢﻜّﻢ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱَ :ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ،ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺃﺟﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺭ ﰲ "ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺋﻌﺔ" ﺗﻌﺪّﻳَﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﺓ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﻈﻤﻬﺎ.
ﻟﺘﻀﻤﻦ "ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺪ" ﻣﻌﲎ "ﺍﺩّﺧﺮ.
ﺍٕﻗﺘﺮﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺽ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺃﺧﺬ ﻣﻨﻪ
ﺍﻗﺘﺼٔﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ: ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺽ.
ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺎﺕ.
ﺍٕﻗﺘﺮﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻗﺘﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺿﺮﺑﻮﺍ
ﻗُﺮﻋﺔ ﺃﻱ :ﺳﻬﻤﺎً ﻭﻧﺼﻴﺒﺎً ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﺩﻟَﻰ ﺑﺼﻮﺗﻪ ﰲ
ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺖ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ.
ﺃَﻗﺪَﻡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﺸﺠﺎﻋﺔ. ﺍٕﻗﺘﻄﻒ] :ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﱂ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ
ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﻒ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﻗﻄﻒ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻠﺔ "ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ" ﻏﲑ
ﺍﻷﻗﺪﻡ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪُﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺟﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻨﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﺗﻘﺎﺩﻡ ﻋﻬﺪُﻩ.
ﻭﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ "ﺍﻗﺘﻄﻒ" "ﺍﳌﱳ" ،ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ "ﺍﳌﻨﺠﺪ" ﻭ
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ :ﺃﻗﺪﳎﻪ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﻗﺪﻣﻴﺔ. "ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ" ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﻛﺨﻄﺄ ﺷﺎﺋﻊ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﺃﻗﺪﳎﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻌﺔ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﻘُﺮْﻉ ﻭﺍﻟﻘُﺮﻋﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ:
.IKRAR
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﳉﺒﻞ ﺍﻷﺟﺮﺩ ﻻ ﻧﺒﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﲰﻮﻩ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً :ﺍﳉﺒﻞ
ﺍﻷﻗﺮﻉ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺃﻗﺮّۤﺕ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣۤﺔ ﺟﻠﺐ
ﻣﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺕ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﻳٕﻌﻤﺮ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻔﻬﻢ.
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﳉﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﺮﺩﻱﺀ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﲰﻮﺍﻩ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﳉﺒﺲ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﻉ. ﺍﻷﻗﺮٔﺏ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺩﻧﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻋﻮﺝ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﻕ :ﺳﺒﺐ ﻗﺮﻉ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﺓ. ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ :ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻲ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ :ﺃﻗﺮﺏ
ﻣﺎﳊﺎﺟﺐ ﻟﻠﻌﲔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﻗﺮﻉ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﻜّﺎ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻮﺭ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﲪﺎۤﻣﻲﭼﻜّﺎ .ﻳﺎﺃﻗﺮﻉ ! ﻻﺗﺘﻤﻘﺮﻉ ﺷﻌﺮﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﺳَﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻄﻠﻊّ . ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺪﻣﺖ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲨﻠﺔ "ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ
ﻓﺘﺢ ﻭﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﻋﱪ .ﺻﺎﺭ ﻻﺟﻮﺯ ﺑﺎﳊﻴﻠﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ :ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﻭﺃٕﻟﻮ ﻗﻴﻠۤﺔ. ﻛﺎﻟﻌﻘﺮﺏ" ﻭﲣﺬﺎ ﺣﻜﻤﺔ.
ﺟﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﻉ ﻳﻮﻧّﺴﻨﺎ ﻛﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ ﻭﺧﻮّﻓﻨﺎ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ:
ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﻭﺩﻗﻨﻮ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻗﻴﻢ ﺷﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻲ .ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﺑﻮ )ﺑﻮ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﺃﻭﱃ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ) .ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪﺓ
ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻱ :ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻗﺮﻉ( ﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮ )ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(.
ﻫﺬﺍ ؟ ﺃﻱ :ﻫﻮ ﻧﻜﺮﺓ( ،ﺩﻗّﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻠﺔ ،ﻋﻼّﻙ ﺍﳉﻠﺪﺓ ،ﺷﺮّﺍﻕ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺑٔﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃٕﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺃﻗﺮﺑﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ،
ﳐﻄﺘﻮ .ﺷﺪّ ﺍﳋﻴﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﻉ ﺑﺮﻛَﺪ ﺭﻛَﻴﺪ .ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﳛﻤﻞ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺒﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﺎﻁ ﻛﺎﳋﺴﺔ
ﺗﺰﺣﻠﻘﺖ ﺍﻷﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﻉ ﲟﺸﻲ ﻗﺪّﺍﻡ. ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻧﺎﺀﺓ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﺎﻁ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻸﻗﺮﻉ :ﻃﻠﻊ ﺑﺮﺍﺳَﻚ ﺷﻌﺮ ﳌّﺲ ﻋﺮﺍﺳﻮ. ﺍﻷٔﻗْﺮٔﺵ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻗﺮﺵ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻗﺪّ ﻭﻗﺘﻮ :ﺑﻄﺎﻟﻊ ﻣﺎﻷﻗﺮﻉ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻏﲎ ﺃﻭ ﳛﺐ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻩ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺷﻌﺮ ﻭﻣﺎﳊﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻌﻞ.
ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﻮ ﺑﺘﺪﻣّۤﻊ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﳋﻴﻂ ﻭﺭﻭ ﴰّۤﻊ. ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺽ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻟﺴﺎۤﻧﻮ ﺃﻗﺮﺽ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺃﻟﺜﻎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ،ﻛﺄﳕﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[: ﻳﺘﺨﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻠﺜﻎ ﺃﻥ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻪ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ.
ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺯﻳﺖ ﻭﻛﱪﻳﺘۤﻪ ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﺣﻨﺘﻴﺘۤﻪ ﺍﻷﻗﺮٔﻉ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻻﻋﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ :ﻣﻌﻲ ﺁﺱ ﺃﻗﺮﻉ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻷﻭﺣﺪ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﺪ .ﻇﲏ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﻭﺣﺪﻳﺔ ﺁﺕ ﻣﻦ
ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺟﱵ ﺗﺮْﻗٔﻌﻮ ﻛﱪﻳﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻨﻔﻌﻮ
ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻗﺮﻉ ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﻗﺮﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ
ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ.
ﺍﻷٔﻗْﻀٔﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻔﺖ ﺣﺎﱄ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﻟﻘﻴﺖ ﻛﱰ، ﻳﺎ ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻉ ﻳﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﻗﺮﻋﺘﻚ ﺑﻠﻘﺎ
ﻳﺎﺭﰊ ! ﺃﻧﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻗﻀﺔ ﺇٕﻻ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻡ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻴَﻘَﻈﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﻭﺇٕﻻَ ﺗﻼﻣﻴﺢ ﺑﺘﺸﺒﻪ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮﻗﺎ
ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺒﺎﻩ.
ﻭﻣﻜﺒّﺴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮﻭﺱ ﻃﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺒﻘﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻀﺔ.
ﻛٕﻼّ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﻊ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻗﺮﻋﺘﻚ ﺑﺸﻘﻪ
ﺍﻹٕﻗﻄﺎﻋﻲ :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﻗﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﺃﺭﺽ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳُﻘﻄَﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﻨﺪُ ﻓﺘﺠﻌﻞ ﻏﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﺭﺯﻗﺎً ﳍﻢ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﻗﺮﻉ ﺟٕﻜۤﺮ .ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺶّ ﺍﳉﺒﻨۤﺔ
ﺑﻨﻘﺮۤﻉ .ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻜﻨّﺲ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﻀﻒ ﲜﻴّﺎ ﺟﻮﺯ ﺃﻗﺮﻉ .ﺍﳌﺮﺍ
ﻭﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪّ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﻀّۤﻒ ﺑﻴﺘﺎ ﲜﻴّﺎ ﺃﻭﻻﺩ ﻗﺮﻋﺎﻥ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﻗﻄﺎﻋﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﺪﻓﻨﻬﻢ ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻗﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺃٕﻗﺮﻳﺪۤﺱ ﺃﻭ ﻗْﺮﻳﺪۤﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ KARIS :ﺃﻭ
ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﻘﻴﻤﻮﻥ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻗﺒﻮﺭﻫﻢ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﺍً ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﱪ ﻛﻲ ﻻ :KARIDHESﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﻃﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ
ﺗﺴﺘﺮﺩ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻮﺕ ﺍﻹﻗﻄﺎﻋﻲ. ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﻟﻪ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺃﻗﺪﺍﻡ ،ﲰﺎﻩ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺎﺭ :ﺃﻗﺮﻳﺪُﺱ.
ﻭﺗﻜﺜﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﺭ ﰲ ﴰﺎﱄ ﻏﺮﰊ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﺍﻹﺭْﺑﻴﺎﻥ :ﲰﻚ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ
ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻤﻮﺩ "ﺳﺮﻣﺪﺍ". ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﻗﺮﻳﺪِِﺱ ﻭﻗُﺮﻳﺪِِﺱ ،ﻭﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ :ﺑُﺮﻏﻮﺙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻗﻄﺎﻉ. ﻭﺍﳊُﻤّﺮﻱ(.
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻲ :ﺍﻠﺪ ٢٠ :ﺹ .٣ ﺍﻷﻗﺴَﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺴﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺻﻠُﺐ.
ﺃٔﻗْﻄٕﺮْﻣٔﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺁﻗﺘﺎﺭﻣﻪ :ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ. ﺃٔﻗﺴﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺣﻠﻒ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻷٔﻗﻄﺶ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﺶ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻗﺴﻢ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ
ﻛﺬﺍ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺎ :ﺃﻗﺴﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻛﺬﺍ.
ﻭﰲ "ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ" ﰲ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ "ﻗﺸﺶ" :ﺍﻷﻗﻄﺶ ﲟﻌﲎ:
ﺍﳌﻘﻄﻮﻉ ﺍﻷﺫﻧﲔ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ. ﺃﻕ ﺳُﻨﻘُﺮ:
ﺍﻷٔﻗﻄﻊ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺃٔﻗﺸﺎﳎﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺁﻗﺸﺎﳎﻲ :ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺋﻲ ،ﺃﻱ:
ﻓﺼﻠﻪ ﻭﺃﺑﺎﻧﻪ. ﻧﻮﺑﺘﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻴﺔ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ :ﺻﺒﺎﺣﺠﻲ.
ﺃﻗﻠّﺔً :ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃٔﻗﻄٔﻒ ﺃﲪﺮ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ]:ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻗَﻠّﺔً ﻻﺯﻡ ﻳﻌﻠّﻮﻩ ﺭﺗﺒﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ. ﺃٔﻗﻄٔﻒ ﺃﺯﺭﻕ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻹٕﻗﻠﻴﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ :ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺼﻘﻊ، ﺃٔﻗﻄٔﻒ ﺃﺳﻮٔﺩ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﻭ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲤﺘﺎﺯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺳﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﺃٔﻗﻄٔﻒ ﺃٔﺻﻔٔﺮ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﺃﻭ ﲜﻮّﻫﺎ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ.KLEIMA :
ﺃٔﻗْﻔٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﻗﻔﺮ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﺧﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻗﻠﻴﻤﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ :ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻗْﻠﻴﻤَﺎ:
ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﺍﻷٔﻗﻞّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻞّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺿﺪّ ﻛﺜُﺮ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃﻗﻠﻴﻢ :ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ ،ﺍﳌُﻨﺎﺥ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﻷﻗﻠّﻴﺔ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﳌﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺃﻗﻠﻢَ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ. ﻭﺗﺄﻗﻠﻢ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺃﻗﻠﻴﺖ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٢٤ﺹ .٢٤٤ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻗﻞّ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً،
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ١٧ﻋﺪﺩ ٤ﺹ :١١ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﺻﻮﺍﺎ :ﺃﻗﻞّ ﺟﺪﺍً.
ﺍﻷﻗﻠّﻴﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻗﻞّ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳉﻨﻮﻥ ﻓﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﺃﻗﻠّﻮ ﺳﺒﻌﻮﻥ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ :ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ.
ﺃٔﻗﻠٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻗﻠﻖ :ﺃﺯﻋﺞ.
ﺃﻗﻨﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻗﻨﻌﻪ :ﺃﺭﺿﺎﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗٕﻘﻠۤﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎ ﻃﻤّﻨﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺻﺤﺘﻚ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺇﻗﻨﺎﻉ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗٕﻨۤﻊ.
ﺃَﻗْﻠَﻢ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﻴﻨﺎ
ﻳﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺆﻗﻠﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﻧﺎ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻧﻨﻘﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻷﻗﻨﻊ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗَﻨِﻊ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺘﻬﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ
ﺭﺿﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺴﲑ. ﻭﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ،ﻭﺍﳊﻖ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺧﲑ ﻫﻮ ﺧﲑ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻠﻤﺔ:
ﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳓﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻼﺋﻤﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﺁﺧﺮ.
ﺍﻷٕﻗﻨﻮﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻗﻨْﻮﻣﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ:
ﻗﻨْﻮﻣَﺎ :ﺍﳉﻮﻫﺮ ،ﺍﳌﺎﻫﺔ ،ﺍﳉﺴﺪ ،ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ،ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ ،ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺕ، ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﻠﻢ :ﺗَﺄَﻗﻠﻢ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺔ ﺍﷲ .ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ.ICONA :
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻢ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻧﻴﻢ.
ﺃﻛٔﺎﺩﳝﻴﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺎﺩﳝﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃٔﻛٔﺪِﳝﻴَﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ: ﺍﻷٔﻗْﻮٔﻯ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗَﻮِﻱ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
:ACADEMIAﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ،ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ. ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ ﻗﻮﺓ.
ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﱰﻩ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺃﺗﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻛﺎﻓﺮ ﺃﻗﻮﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺘﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻫﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺘﱰﻩَ ﺷﺨﺺٌ ﺍﲰﻪ
"ﺃﻛﺎﺩﳝﻮﺱ" ﻭﻫﺒﻪ ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻓﺎﲣﺬﺗﻪ ﻣﻠﻌﺒﺎً ﺭﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎً ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻗﻮﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻘﺮﺩ ﻣﺎﻣﺴﺦ ﺃﷲ.
ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺃﻓﻼﻃﻮﻥ ﲜﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻓﻌﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﻪ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻭﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮﺱ. ﺃٕﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮﺱ:
ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﻋﺎﻝ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ.
ﺍﻷٔﻗْﻴﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻧﻌﻞ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺃﻗﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻌﻞ
ﻭﻋﺮﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺍﻣﻰ :ﺃﻗﺎﺩِﻣﻴﺎ. ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻡ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻗﻮﻡ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ :ﺱ ١٥ﺹ :٢٣٣ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺩﳝﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ. ﺛَﺒَﺖ ،ﺃﻃﺎﻕ.
ﺍﻷﻛّﺎﻝ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ. ﺍﻷﻛﺄﺏ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺌﺐ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺣﺰِﻥ ،ﺍﻏﺘّﻢ.
ﻭﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺮﻱ :ﺃﻛّﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ.
ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺑۤﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻛﺎﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ :ﺷﺮﻓﺎﺅﻫﻢ ،ﻻ
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﺎ ﺃﻛّﺎﻝ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ(. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﻻ ﲨﻌﺎً.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻛّﺎﻝ ﻧﻜّﺎﺭ .ﺳﺒّﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺃﻛّﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺃﻛﺎﺑﺮ ﻭﺃﻛﺎﺑﺮﱄ.
ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺩﻳﻦ .ﻭﺃﻛّﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺑﻨﺎﻡ. ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺑْﺮﻳّۤﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﺃﻛّﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺯﺓ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺂﺫﻯ )ﻳﻈﻨﻮﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃﻛﺎﺑۤﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎﻷﻛﺎﺑۤﺮ،
ﺃﻢ ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ(. ﻻﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺃﻛﺎﺑﺮﻳّۤﺔ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﻘﻠّﺪ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺑۤﺮ ﺑﭽﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﺩﺭ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﻠﺘَﻤَﺴﻴﻨﻮ ﺑﻴﻀﻦ ﻛﺒﲑ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮﻳّﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺇﻛﺒٔﺎﺭ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻷﻛﺘﺮﻳّﺔ.
ﺍﻷﻛﺒٔﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒُﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻳﺖ. ﻋﻈﻢ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺻﻐﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛَٕﺪﺑﻮ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﻠﻮ. ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ "ﺍﷲ ﺃﻛﱪ" ﰲ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﳋﻄﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻫﺒﺔ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﺎﻟﻘﺮﺩ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺴﺦ ﺃﷲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗﻜﱪ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻛﱪ .ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣٕﻨّﻚ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳉﺎۤﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺍۤﳛﺎﺕ.
ﺑﻴﻮﻡ ﺃﻋﺮٔﻑ ﻣﻨّﻚ ﺑﺴﻨۤﺔ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً(.
ﺍﻛﺘﺮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻛﺘﺮﻯ ﺷﺎﻭۤﺭ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻨّﻚ ﻭﺃﺯﻏﺮ ﻣﻨّﻚ ﻭﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﻟﺸﻮﺭﻙ .ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺃﻛﱪ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ :ﺍﺳﺘﺄﺟﺮﻫﺎ. ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻥ.
ﺍٕﻛﺘﺮٔﺙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻛﺘﺮﺙ ﻟﻸﻣﺮ :ﺑﺎﻟَﻰ ﺑﻪ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﱪ :ﺃﷲ ﺃﻛﱪ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﻫﺎﻟﺴﻨﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﺍﻋﺘﲎ ﺑﻪ. ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻨﻨﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻄّﻮ ﻓﻴﲏ ﻣﻮﻧﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻣﺎ ﺍﻛﺘﺮﺙ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺒٔﺮﭼَﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ "ﺃﻛﱪ" ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ
ﻣﺎ ﺍﻛﺘﺮﺙ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ :ﻣﺎ ﺍﻛﺘﺮﺙ ﻟﻪ. "ﭼﻪ" :ﺍﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺎ :ﻣﻦ
ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﻛﱪ ،ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ :ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻟـ "ﺃﻛﺜﺮ" :ﺍﺳﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺿﺪ ﺃﻗﻞّ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ. ﺍٕﻛﺘﺄَﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻛﺘﺄَﺏ:
ﻛَﺌِﺐ ،ﺍﻏﺘﻢّ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻔﻀﻠﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﺴﻤﺮﺍ. ﺍٕﻛﺘﺎﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻛﺘﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﺒﻮﺏ :ﻛﺎﳍﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺍﻧﻌﺰﻝ ﻫﺎﳌﺄﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﻣﺎﺑﻘَﻰ
ﺍﻷﺻﻮﺍﺕ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺘﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻮﺍﺕ( ﰲ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ .ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻳﻜﺘﺎﻝ ﺑﻜﻴﻠﻮ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻﺃﺣﺪ ﻳﺄﺑﻪ ﻟﻪ(.
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻘﺔ.
ﺍٕﻛﺘَﺘَﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ
ﺍٕﻛﺘﺴَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻛﺘﺴﻰ :ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﻮﺓ. "ﺍﳌﱳ" -ﺍﻛﺘَﺘَﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﻛُﺘﺐ ﺍﲰُﻪ ﰲ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ،
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻛَﺘَﺐ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺘﱪﻋﲔ ﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﺮﺓ :ﺑﻌﺮٔﻯ
ﻭﺑﻜﺘٕﺴِﻲ.
ﺍٕﻛﺘﻨَﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻛﺘﱰ :ﺍﻣﺘﻸ ،ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻊ ،ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢُ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ،ﺣﻖ
ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻊ ﻭﺻَﻠُﺐ ،ﺍﳌﺎﻝَ :ﺩﻓﻨﻪ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ. ﻣُﻜﺘﺴَﺐ.
ﺍٕﻛﺘﻨَﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺷﻘٔﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺿﺮﺑﺘﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺍٕﻛﺘﺴﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺫﻫﺐ ﺑﻪ.
ﺑﻜﺘﻨۤﻊ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛَﻨَﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺧﻀﻊ ﻭﻻﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ،ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺢ
ﺍٕﻛﺘﻮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻛﺘَﻮﻯ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻛﻮَﻯ، ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻒ.
ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻧﻜﻮﻯ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍٕﻛﺘﺸﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻛﺘﺸﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻛﺸﻔﻪ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻭٓﻛﺘﻮٓﺑٔﺮ. ﺃٕﻛﺘﻮﺑٔﺮ: ﻭﺃﻇﻬﺮﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻉ ،ﻭﲟﻌﲎ ﻋﺮﻑ ﺃﺭﺿﺎً
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﳚﻬﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﺮّﻑ ﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻛﺘﺮﻳۤﺔ. ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻳّۤﺔ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻛﺘﺸﻔﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺃٕﻛْﭽَﻪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﻻ ﺃٕﻛْﭽَﻪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺩﻭﺍ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﻠﺴﻜّﺮ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺎ :ﺍﻛﺘﺸﻔﻮﺍ ﺩﻭﺍ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﻠﺴﻜّﺮ.
ﻻ ﻣﺮﺗﻜﺰ ﳍﺎ ﻓﻼ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﳌﻌﺎﳉﺘﻬﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ" :ﺃﻭﻙ" ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ
EUKﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻌﺔ ،ﻭﲟﻌﲎ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻼﻓَﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺺ ﻭﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ١٣ﺹ :١٤٠ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﻒ.
ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﻫﻦ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ "ﭼﻪ" :ﺍﳌﻠﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ. ﺍﻷﻛﺘَﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻣَﻦ ﺍﻧﻘﺒﻀﺖ
ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺛﺎﻥ ﻷﻭﻛﭽﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﺍﺩ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻌﻪ ﻭﺭﺟﻌﺖ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻔّﻪ.
ﺗﻌﺒﲑﻫﻢ ،ﻭﻫﻮ :ﻛﻌﺐ ﺍﳊﺬﺍﺀ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺘﻊ :ﺍﻧﻜﺘﻊ.
ﺍﻷﻛﺤٔﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻜﺤﻴﻞ
ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﰲ ﺃﺟﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﻮﺍﺩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ. ﺍٕﻛﺘﻔَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻛﺘﻔَﻰ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﻗﻨِﻊ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻐﲎ ﺑﻪ
ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ :ﺍﻟﻜﺤﻼﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻛﺘﻔٔﺎ.
]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﻴﺴﻤﻲ ﻻﻋﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺷﻴﺶ:
ﺍﻷﻛﺤﻞ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺍﳉﻔﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﻜﺘِﻔﻲ ﻣﻠۤﻚ ﳐﺘٕﻔِﻲ )ﺃﻭ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ
ﳐﺘﻔِﻲ(.
ﺃﻛّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻛّﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪَ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪَ :ﺛﺒّﺘﻪ
ﻭﻭﺛﻘّﻪ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﺃﻛﻴﺪ .ﻭﻭﻛّﺪ ﺃﻓﺼﺢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛّﺪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻭﻛﺪ. ﺍﻷﻛﺘﻢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺮّ ﻭﻏﲑَﻩ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳﺘﺮﻩ.
ﺍﻹۤﻛﺴﺘﺮٔﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜَﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ EXTRA :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ: ]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻛﺮﺧﻦ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻠﻌﻨۤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛٕﻞ
EXTRAﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﺟﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻭﻻﺩ ﺣﺎﺭﺗﻮٓ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳊﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ. ﺃﻛﺮٔﻡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻛﺮﻣﻪ :ﻋﻈﻤّﻪ ،ﻧﺰّﻫﻪ ،ﻧﻔﺴَﻪ ﻋﻦ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻛٕﺴْﺘﺮّﺍ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺷﻐﻠﻮ ﺍﻟﺰﻻﺕ :ﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﲝﺴﻦ
ﻋﺎﻟﻜﺴﺘﺮّﺍ. ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﻓﺔ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﰲ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺎﻢ :ﺃٕﻛﻞ ﺃٕﻛﻞ ﺃٕﻛﻞ ﺃَﻛَﻞ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﻛَۤﻞ ،ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ
ﺍﻟﻄﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﻛﻼ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺧﻠّﻰ ﺷِﻲ. ﺧﺎﺀ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺩﻛﺎﳒﻲ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ: ﻭﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃُﻭﺧﻼٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ:
ﺳْﺂﻝ ﻋﻨّﺎ ﳓﻨۤﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻛﻞ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ. ﺃُﻭﺧﻼَ.
ﺑَﻠَﺤّۤﻖ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻳﺎ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﱐ ﺑﺎﻛﻠﻮ ﻭﻗﻠﱯ ﻣﻮ ﺧﺎﻳﻒ ] ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺏ ﺷﻘﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺇٕﺟـﺮﻱ.
ﺧﺴﻴﻠﻚ ﻭﺍﳊﻮﺳﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻳﺪﻱ ﺷﻘﻔﺔ .ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﺮ
ﺇٕﻻ ﲟﻴّۤﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺑﻴﺞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺏ )ﻋﺮﰊ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ(.
ﺑﺎﻛﻞ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻳﺎ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﱐ ﻣﲔ ﺍﻟﻀﺤﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﺮﻳﺞ ] ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺑﻨﻮﻣـﻮ.
ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺎﺭ :ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﻋﺎﻟﻄﺎﻟۤﻊ ﻭﻋﺎﻟﻨﺎۤﺯﻝ .ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺧﺒﺰ
] ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺭﺑّﻲ ﻗﻂ ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﻓﺎﺭﻙ ﺭﺑّﻲ ﻛﻠﺐ
ﺍﻟﺸﻌﲑ :ﻣﺄﻛﻮﻝ ﻣﺬﻣﻮﻡ .ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﻮﻝ .ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ
ﲝﺮﺱ ﺩﺍﺭﻙ ﺭﰊ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ﲞﺮٓﺏ ﺩﻳﺎﺭﻙ ﻭﺑﻔﻀﺢ ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭﻙ.
ﺩﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ :ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺃٕﺵ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺑﻀﻴﻖ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ .ﺍﻟﻐﲏ ﻣﺘـﻞ
ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﻃﺒﺨﻮﺍ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﻠﻮﺍ ﻭﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﻋﻤّﺮﻭﺍ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺳﻜﻨﻮﺍ .ﻋﻄﻲ ﺧﺒﺰﻙ
ﺯﻳﺖ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ :ﺑﺘﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻭﺑﺘﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﻣﻨّﻮ .ﻣﺘﻞ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﺮّﺓ :ﲝﻄّﻮ
ﻟﻠﺨﺒﺎﺯ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻛﻠﻮ ﻛﻠّﻮ )ﺃﻭ ﻧﺼّﻮ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻢ ﳒﺪ ﻭﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﻭﺑﻄﻠﻌﻮﺍ ﻟﱪّﺍ .ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ :ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻠﻮﺍ ﻗﺘﻞ ﻭﲝﻄّﻮ ﺧٔﺮﺍﺝ.
ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ( .ﺍﳌﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺩﻳﺐ ﺑﺘﺎﻛﻠﻮ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺎﺏ .ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﻄﻌﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﺔ
ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ .ﺧﺒﺰ ﻭﻣﺎﺀ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ .ﻻ ﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻠﺔ ] ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﻂ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﻞ ﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺠـﲔ
ﺿﺮﻋﺎ ﺷﻮّﻝ ﺑﺘﺎﻛﻞ ﻭﺑﺘﺸﺮﺏ ﻭﺑﺘﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﺣﺒﻴﺒﺎ ﺍﻷﻭّﻝ. )ﺃﻱ :ﻻ ﻳﺄﺑﻪ ﳌﺼﺎﺑﻪ( .ﺁۤﻛﻞ ﺷﺎٔﺭﺏ ﻭﻣﻌﱯ ﺳـﺒﻴﻠﻮ .ﺃﻛْـﻞ
ﻭﻣﺮﻋﻰ ﻭﻗﻠّﺔ ﺻﻨﻌﺔ.
ﺍﻷﻛﻠَﺐ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛَﻠِﺐ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻪ ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﺗﺎﻛﻠﻚ ﺁۤﻛﻠۤﺔ .ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻭﺍ
ﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻜَﻠَﺐ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺳﺮﻯ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺌﺜﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﻭﻟـﻮ ﻟﻚ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﻛٓﻞ .ﺗﺎﻛﻠﻮ ﺳﻮﺳۤﺔ ﻋﻤﻴﺎ .ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺃﻛﻠـﻮ ﺍﻥ
ﺑﻌﻈﻤﺔ. ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﲜﺴﻤﻮ .ﻭﲪّﻰ ﺗﻘﻠّﻞ ﺃﻛﻠﻮ.
ﺍﻷﻛﻠﺢ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸـﺒﻬﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻛَﻠَـﺢ ] ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻠﺔ :ﻳﺎ ﺑﻘﻠـﺔ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﻜﺸّﺮ ﰲ ﻋﺒﻮﺱ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ ﻣﻌـﲎ ﻃﺮﺍﻭﺍﺕ ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﻏﻮﺍﺕ .ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻧﺒﻴﻂ :ﺍﻷﻛﻠـﺔ
ﻗَﺒُﺢ. ﻳﺎﻗﺮﻧﺒﻴﻂ! )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ:ﺍﻷﻛﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺒﺔ( .ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌـﺮﺽ ﻣﺜـﻞ
ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺃﺎ ﺩﻭﺎ :ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﺗﺎﻛٓﻞ ،ﻳﻌﻤﻲ ﻋﲔ ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑْﻔﺮّﻕ.
ﺍﻷﻛﻠﺢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛَﻠَﺢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﻜﺸّﺮ ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻬﻠّﺒﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﻬﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﺎﻛﻼ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮﺯ ﺑﺘﻘﻠۤﺐ ﺻﺒﻴّۤﺔ.
ﰲ ﻋﺒﻮﺱ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻗَﺒُﺢ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺰﺭ ﺍﻟﲏّ ﺑﺮﺑّﻲ ﺍﻟـﺪﻭﺩ ﰲ
ﺍﻷﻛﻠﻒ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻗﻤﺒﺎﺯ ﺍﳉﻮﺥ ﺃﻛﻠﻒ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ .ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﲟﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﻏﲑﻭ ﺑﺼﲑﻟﻮ ﻗﻮﻳﻄﺎﺕ .ﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﺴﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻢ
ﻃﻘﻢ ﺍﳉﻮﺥ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜُﻠﻔﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﻣـﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﻭﺣﻂ ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ﻋﺎﻟٔﺄﺭﺽ ﺑﺘﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺍﳉـﺎﻥ .ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻛـﻞ
ﺗﻜﻠّﻔﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﻘّﺔ. ﻭﲝﻜﻲ ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ .ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺖ ﺍﳊﺒﻠۤﺔ ﺷﻲ ﻭﻣـﺎ
ﺃﻛﻠﺘﻮ ﺑﻄﻠﻊ ﺷﻬﻮﺓ ﲜﺴﺪ ﺍٕﺑﻨﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺷﻬﻮﺓ.
ﺍﻷَﻛَﻠﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﻭﻧﻄﻘﻮ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼـﻄﻠﺢ ﻻﻋـﱯ
ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺎﺏ :ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻴﻒ ﺟﺪﺍً. ] ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﺂﻛﻠﻬﻢ[ :ﻛـﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺷـﻜﻮﺭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ:ﺍﺗﺎﻛﻞ،ﺃﻛّﻞ.
ﺍﻹٕﻛﻠﻲ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹٕﻛﻠﻴّۤﺔ :ﲰﻮﺍ ﺎ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺸـﺪﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ
ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴّﺔ :ﺇﻳﻜﻴﻠﻲ :ﺫﻭ ﺍﻻﺛﻨﲔ ،ﻭ ﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ: ﺃﻛﻞ ﻗﻂ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻄﺮﺣﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﺑﺎﺋﺢ
ﺃﻛﺎﱄ ﻭﺇﻛﻠﻴّﺎﺕ. ﻭﻳﻄﻌﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻟﻮﺗﺮ.
ﺍﻹٕﻛﻠﲑﻭﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻗْﻠﲑﻭﺱ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ:
:KLIROSﻛﻬﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻌﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈـﺮ : ﺍﻹٕﻛّٕﻨﺠﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻳﻜﻨﺠﻲ :ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻗْﻠﲑﻳﻘﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻗْﻠﲑﻳﻘَﺎ.
ﺇٕﻛﻲ .
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.CLERGÉ :
ﺍﻷٔﻛﻮٓﺭﺩﻳﻮٓﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :ACCORDÉON :ﺁﻟﺔ
ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺗﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﳍﻮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻜﺘﱰﻩ ﻣﻨﻔﺎﺧﻬﺎ ﻣﺪّﺍً ﻭﰲ ﺍﻻﻧﻜَﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.CLERGY :
ﻭﺿﻐﻄﺎً. ] ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﻛﻠﲑﻳﻜﻴـﺔ،
ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻋﻬﺎ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻳﺎﻧﺎ ﺱ .١٨٢٩ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻹﻛﻠﲑﻳﻜﻴﻮﻥ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ]ﰲ ﺳﻼﻣﻪ[ :ﺃﻫﻠﲔ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻮﻳّﺲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﻛﻠﻴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻛْﻠـﻴﻼٓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـﺔ:
ﻳﺎ ﻛﻮﻳﺴﲔ ﺃﺟﺎﺑﻮﺍ :ﺃﻫﻠﲔ ﻳﺎ ﺃﻛﻮﺱ. ﻛْﻠﻴﻼَ :ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺴﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ،ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺭﻛـﺔ
ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺴﲔ ﺇﻛﻠﻴﻼً.
] ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﻮﺱ ﻣﲏ ﺍﷲ ﺧﻠﻘﻮﺍ ،ﺃﺯﻧﻜَﻦ ﻣﲏ
ﺍﷲ ﺭﺯﻗﻮ ،ﺃﺷﻄﺮ ﻣﲏ ﺑﺮﻛَﺪ ﻭﺑﻠﺤﻘﻮ .ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﻘـﺎﻕ :ﺟﻴـﺐ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ :ﻛﻠّﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻫﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺴﲔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺃﻛﻮﺱ ﻭﻟﺪ ﺟﺎﺏ ﺍٕﺑﻨﻮ .ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻷﻛﻮﺱ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺳـﻮَﺱ. ﺃَﻛﻤﻚ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﳋﺒﺰ.
ﻣﺪ ﺇﻳﺪﻳﻚ ﻋﺎﻷﻛﻮﺱ ﻭﺗْﻨﻔّﺲ.
ﺃَﻛﻤﻚ ﻗﻄﺎﻳﻔﻲ] :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺂﻛﻠﻬﻢ[ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ
ﺍﻷﻛﻮﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻛﻮﻝ :ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﺍﻷﻛـﻞ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ :ﻗﻄﺎﻳﻒ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﺳﺎﺧﻨﺔ ﺗﺪﻫﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺴـﻤﻦ ﻭﻳـﺮﺵ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ:ﺃﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺃﻛﻴﻞ. ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻧﺎﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻜّﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻓﺔ .ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ:
ﺍﻹٕﻛﱢﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻳﻜﻲ :ﺍﻻﺛﻨﺎﻥ .ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻻﻋﺒﻮ ﺗﺒﺪﱠﻯ ﻓﻮﻗَﻪ ﺃﻛﻤَﻚ ﻗﻄﺎﻳﻒ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻵﺗﻴﺔ :ﺇﻛﻲ ﺁﭼۤـﻖ ﻛﻮﺭﻣـﺎﺯ ،ﺃﻱ:
ﺍﳊﺠﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﻜﺸﻮﻓﺎﻥ ﻻ ﻳﺴﻄﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ. ﺃﻛﻤَﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻛﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﲤﻤﻪ.
ﺇٕﻛﱢﻲ ﺑﲑ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻻﻋﱯ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻛﻤﺎﻝ.
ﺍﻻﺛﻨﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ :ﻭﻳﻌﱪﻭﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻗﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﻘﺎﺕ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﺃﻥ "ﺍﻝ" ﻣﺘﺤﺪﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ "ﺃﻫﻞ" ﻧﻘﻮﻝ: ﺍﻷﻛﻴّﻞ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷﻛﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﺸـﺪﻳﺪ:
ﻭ"ﺃﻫﻞ" ﻣﺘﺤﺪﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ "ﺍﻝ" ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﷲ .ﺍﻧﻈـﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ –ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﻛﻮﻝ ﻭﺃﻛﺎﻝ -ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺃﻛّﻴﻠۤﺔ.
ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ" :ﺍﷲ".
ﺍﻷﻛَﺪْﺍﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺎﻏﲔ :ﺍﳊـﻮﺽ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮّ ﰲ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ "ﺍﻝ" ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺃﺎ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﻱ ﻳﻨﻘﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺎﻏﻮﻥ ﺍﳉﻠﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺲ .ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﺑﺎﻗﺘﺮﺍﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﻢ ﺗﻮﻣﺊ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻣﻌﻬﻮﺩ ﻭﻣﻌـﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻜَﺪْﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻜِﺪْﻥ :ﻣﺎﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﳍﺎﻭُﻥ.
ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻹﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺗﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺫﺍﻙ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺃَﻛَﺎﺩﻳﻦ.
ﻭﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ ﺃﻟﻒ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ.
ﺍﻷﻛَﺮﻳۤﮋۤﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :AGRÉGÉ :ﺭﺗﺒﺔ ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ
ﻭﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ.
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﱐ ﻣﺎﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺔ ﻳﺴﺄﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺘﺤﺐ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃﻭْﻟَﻰ.
ﻋﻤﻚ؟ ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺐ :ﺇٕﻻ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺇﻱ ﻻ ﺃﺣﺐ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻓﺤﺼﺮ ﺍﳊﺐ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺇۤﻻٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺇۤﻟّﺎ.
ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺑﻼﻏﻲ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻨﻬﺠﻮﻥ ﻣﻨـﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﻓﻴـﺄﺗﻮﻥ ﻗﺒﻠـﻬﺎ
ﺑـ"ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ" :ﺑﻜﺮﺍ ﺑَﺠﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇٕﻟّﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﺪﺙ ﻣـﺎﻧﻊ ،ﻛـﺄﻢ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻴﻨﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﻄﲑ ﺑﺎﷲ ،ﰒ ﺍﺟﺘﺎﺯ ﻣﻮﻗـﻒ
ﺍﳋﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻮﻗﻒ ﺍﳊﺬﻟﻘﺔ.
ﺃٕﻟﺘﺎﺵ ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺵ ﺍﳌﺮﺿﺎﻥ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁٔﻟٔ ﺎﺟﻪ . ﺍﻷٔﻻٔﺟَﻪ:
ﻻﺷﺔ –ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻗﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﳌﻮﺕ.
ﺍﻷٔﻻٔﺟْﻴٔﺎ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁﻻﺟﻪ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﺎﺹ ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻ ﺗﺸﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﳌﻲْ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺹ
ﻓﻴّﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻻﺛﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ، ﺍﻷﻻَﻣۤﺔ ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﲝﻜﻲ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺑﺄَﻻﻣۤـﺔ ﺃﻭ:
ﰒ ﺣﺮﻓﻮﻫﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺹ. ﺑﺘﻼﻣۤﺔ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻶﻣﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﺎﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻉ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﻕ: ﺍﻹﻟﻪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﻌﺒﻮﺩ ﲝﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺒﺎﻃﻞ.
ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻕ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ :ﺍﷲ .
ﺍٕﻟﺘَﺄﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻡ ﺍﻠﺲ: ﻭﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ .
ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻊ. ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﻹﻻﻫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻮﻫﻴﺔ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘَﺄَﻡ ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺟﺎﻭﺑﻮ ﺧﺼﻤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘَﺄَﻡ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ :ﺇﻻﻩ ﻭﺇﻻﻫﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﻟﻮﻫﻴﺔ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻟَﺆُﻡ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺍﺗّﺼﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺆﻡ. ﻭﺇﳍﻲ ﻭﺇﳍﻴﺖ ﻭﺃُﻟﻮﻫﻴﺖ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺘـﺒﺲ ﺃٔﻻٔﻱ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁﻻﻱٔ.
ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻂ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺒﻪ ﻭﺃَﺷﻜﻞ.
ﺃﻟﺐ ﺁﺭﺳﻼﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺟﻘﺔ .ﺣﺎﺻﺮ ﺣﻠﺐ
ﺍٕﻟﺘَﺒَﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺘـﺒﺲ ﺱ٤٦٣ﻫـ ،ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺒﻚ ﺑﻘﺘﺎﻝ ﻋﻨﻴﻒ ﻣﻊ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ ﳏﻤﻮﺩ ﺑﻦ ﻧﺼﺮ
ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻂ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺒﻪ ﻭﺃَﺷﻜﻞ. ﺑﻦ ﺻﺎﱀ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺱ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘَﺒَﺲ ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻫﺎﳉﺒﺔ ﺷﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺴۤﺖ؟ ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ﺃﻟﺐ ﺁﺭﺳﻼﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺳﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺎﻉ.
ﻟﺒﺴﺎ ﺃٔﺑﻮ ﺟﺪﻱ ﻭﺃٔﺑﻮﻱ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻓﺮﻏﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺴﻤﻪ ،ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ. ﺃﻟﺐ ﺁﺭﺳﻼﻥ :ﻣﻠﻚ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻛﺎﻓﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻨﻴـﺔ ﰲ
ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻗﺘﻞ ﰲ ﻗﻠﻌﺘﻬﺎ .ﺱ٥٠٨ﻫـ.
] ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻗﻔـﺎﻩ
ﺑﺒﻄۤﻞ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺮ. ﺃٔﻟﺒْﻮﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ALBUM :ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴـﺔ:
ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺠﻞ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﺗـﺪﻭّﻥ ﻓﻴـﻪ
ﺍٕﻟْﺘَﺒَﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺍﺧـﺘﻠﻂ، ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﳛﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺃﺧﲑﺍً ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺧـﺎﺹ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﻚ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗﻮﺩﻉ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺼُﻮَﺭ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘًﺖّ ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﺖ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺮﳝﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﻧﺴﺘﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ" :ﺍﻷﻟَﺒﺔ" ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﱡﺘﺎﺕ :ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻟﺖّ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﻳﻖ ﺃﻭ ﻏـﲑﻩ ﺍﻷﻟﺐ :ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ،ﻣَﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﺲ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳍﻮﻯ.
ﻛﺎﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﻭﺩﻫﻦ ﺍﻷَﻟﻴَﺔ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﺎﺡ ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺯﺭﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺿﺎﻥ ﺷﻔﺘﻮ ﻣﻠﺘﺎﺡ:
ﺍٕﻟﺘﺠﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺄ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ )ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗـﻪ(: ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺡ :ﻋﻄﺶ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ:
ﻻﺫ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺼﻢ ﺑﻪ. ﺗﻐﻴّﺮ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﺰﻡ ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻡ ﻟَﻤﺼـﺎﺭﻱ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﺍٕﻟﺘَﺤَﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻟَﺤَـﺲ
ﺃﺣﺲ ﺑﻠﺰﻭﻣﻬﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﻭﺟـﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﻌﻘﻪ ﺑﻠﺴﺎﻧﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺈﺻﺒﻌﻪ.
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻟﺰﻣﻪ ﻭﻟﺰﻡ ﺑﻪ :ﺗﻌﻠّﻖ ﺑﻪ.
ﻛﻨﺎ ﻭﳓﻦ ﻃﻼﺏ ﻧﻜﺘﺐ ﺑـﺎﳊﱪ ﺍﳌﺘﺨـﺬ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍٕﻟﺘﺰﻡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍٕﻟﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺵ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺿﻮ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻔﺺ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ﺑﻘﻠـﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺼـﺐ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺧﻄﺄﻧـﺎ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑـﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﻋﺘﻨﻘﻪ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻔﺎﺭﻗﻪ. ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﲞﻨﺼﺮﻧﺎ.
] ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺩ. ﺍٕﻟﺘﺤﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻖ ﺑﻪ :ﳊﻘﻪ ،ﻟﺼﻖ ﺑـﻪ،
ﺍﻧﻀﻢّ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﺰﻡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﻟﺘـﺰﻡ ﻳﻘـﺪّﻡ ﻟﻠﺠـﻴﺶ
ﺑﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻮّۤﻩ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘـﺰﻡ ] ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻖ ﻓـﻼﻥ ﻭﺻـﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ :ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺆﺩﻳﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ. ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻕ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻼﺣﻖ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻛﻤﺒﻴـﺎﻻﺕ
ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻼﺣﻖ ﺑﺪﻓﻌﻬﺎ.
] ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﺎﺗﻮ.
ﺍٕﻟْﺘَﺤَﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻢ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻟﺘﺼـﻖ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ ﻭﻣُﻠﺘـﺰِﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣـﺎﺕ
ﺗﻼﺀﻡ ،ﺍﳉﺮﺡُ :ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻡ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﳎﻲ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﺨﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﻪ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘَْﺴَﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺴﻌﺘﻪ ﺍﳊﻴﺔ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﺪﻏﺘﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﳋﻢ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﻂّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻂّ :ﺗﻠﻄّﺦ. ﺍٕﻟﺘﺪﻉ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻉ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻕ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﻂّ ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃٔﺑﻮ ﺻﺎﱀ ﺷﻴﺨﻨﺎ ﻣٕﺴﻘِﻲ ،ﳌـﺎ ] ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻉ ﻟﺴﺎۤﱐ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺴـﺨﻦ
ﻣٕﺴۤﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻄّۤﺖ ﺇﺻﺒﻌﺘﻮٓ .ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻄّـﻪ )ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻼۤﻓﻠۤﺔ(.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺮﺑﻪ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﺬّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺬّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺑﻪ :ﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﻟﺬﻳﺬﺍً.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﻄﺦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻟﻄﺨـﻪ:
ﻟﻮّﻧﻪ. ﻗﻠﺖ ﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻧﺎﻛَﲔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﺸﻬﻮﺭﻳﻦ :ﻭﻟﻚ
ﺃٕﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻨﻌﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ،ﻭﻟﻚ ﻋﻄﻴﻪ ﳍﺎﻟﻔﺎۤﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺍﺷـﺘﻐﻞ
] ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻠﺔ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﻣﺎﻟﺼﺒﺢ ﳍﻠّﻖ ﻋﻄﻴﻪ ﺣﻘﻮ ﻭﺧﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﺮﻭﺡ ﻟﻌﻴﺎﻟﻮ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﱄ:
ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺘﻠﻄﺨﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻌﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻠﺔ ﻃـﻮﻝ ﳌﺎ ﺑﻘﻄٓﺶ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﺩ ﻭﺑﻘﻄٓﺶ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ ﺑﺸﻮﻑ ﳎﺪﻱ ﻭﺑﻠﺘﺬّ.
ﻋﻤﺮٓﻥ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘَﺰّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺰّ ﺑﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻖ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﻄﺶ ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺶ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ ﻭﺍﻟـﺘﻄﺶ
ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋَﻮﭼﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ :ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﺩ ﻓﺤﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍٕﻟﺘﺰٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻕ ﺑﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻖ ﺑﻪ.
ﳜﺘﻤﺮ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺿُﺮِﺏ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِـﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺍٕﻟﺘﺰﻡ ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻳﺎ ﺍﺑﲏ ﺍﻟﺘـﺰﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﻟﻄﺶ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ :ﺃﻭﺟﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ،
ﺍٕﻟﺘﻜَﻊ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﻠﻜﺄ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﻄﺄ ،ﺗﻮﻗّﻒ. ﺍٕﻟْﺘَﻐٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺊَ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺑﻄﻠﻪ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘَﻢّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻟَﻢﱠ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲨﻌﻪ. ﺍٕﻟﺘﻐﺰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺰ ﻛَﻼﻣَـﻪ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋَﻤّﻰ ﻣُﺮﺍﺩَﻩ.
] ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺎﺳﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺘَﻢّ ﺇٕﻻ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻄﻠـﻊ
ﻣﺎﻟﺘّٕﻢ. ﺍٕﻟﺘﻐﻒ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
] ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘـﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣـﺪﺍ ﺻـﻔّٔﺮ ﺑـﺎﻟﺘﻤّﻮﺍ ﺍٕﻟﺘﻐﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِـﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﻢ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺎﻃﲔ. ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳌﺘﻔﺠﺮﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
] ﻣﻦ ﺷﺪﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺪّﻳﺎﻢ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺍٕﻟﺘﻒّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻒّ ﰲ ﺛﻮﺑﻪ :ﺍﺷﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ ﻻ ﺘﻢّ ،ﻋﺴﻜﺮّﻙ ﻋﻤّﺎﻝ ﺑﺘﻠﺘَﻢّ. ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﲡﻤﻌﻮﺍ.
ﺍٕﻟَﺘَﻤَﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟـﺘﻤﺲ ﺍٕﻟﺘﻔﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺻﺮﻑ ﻭﺟﻬـﻪ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﺭﺳﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻇﻒ ﻣـﻦ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﺑﻮﺟﻬﻪ :ﻣﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ.
ﻳﺆﺛّﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻳﱰﻝ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﻄﻠﺒﻪ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﻔﻆ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﻄﻖ ﺑﻪ.
] ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻞ ﺑَﻼ ﻣﻠﺘﻤَﺲ ﻋَﺒَﺚ )ﻳﻈﻨﻮﻥ ﺍٕﻟﺘٔﻖّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻟَﻖّ ﻋﻴﻨَـﻪ ﺑﻴـﺪﻩ
ﺃﻢ ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ(. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﺃﻭ ﺑﻐﲑﻫﺎ :ﺿﺮﺎ .ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﻟـﺮﺃﺱ
ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻌﺎﻝ.
ﺃﻟﺘﻮﻧﺒٓﻐﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﻭﻳﺴﻤّﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ "ﺳﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘَﻬَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻟﻌﺐ ﺑﻪ ،ﻋﻨﻪ
ﺍﳌﻠﺢ" ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً "ﺍﳌﺰﻭّﻕ" ،ﳏﻠﻪ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﻳﺎ. ﺑﻐﲑﻩ :ﺍﺷﺘﻐﻞ.
ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﱐ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫـﺎ ﺍٕﻟﺘﻬﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ :ﺍﺗّﻘﺪﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ :ﺁﻟﻄُﻨْﺒُﻐﺎ :ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﱯ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺁﻟﻄﻮﻥ ﺑﻐﺎ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ[ :ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﻄـﺐ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺃﻗﻮﻝ :ﺳُﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺁﻟﺘﻮﻥ ﺑُﻐﺎ ﺍﻟﺼـﺎﳊﻲ :ﻧﺎﺋـﺐ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﺍﳌﺮﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﲢﺪﺙ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻡ ﺃﻭ
ﺣﻠﺐ ﰒ ﺩﻣﺸﻖ ﺳﻨﺔ ٧٢٣ﻫـ. ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎﺥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﲪﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺣﺘﻘﻦ ﺍﻟﻘـﻴﺢ ﲰـﻲ
ﺧﺮﺍﺟﺎً.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﳑﺎﻟﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﳏﻤـﺪ ﺑـﻦ ﻗـﻼﻭﻭﻥ
ﻭﺯﻭﺟﻪ ﺑﻨﺘﻪ. ﻭﳛﺪﺙ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﳉﺴـﻢ ،ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻭﺍﻻﺫﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺭﻳﺪ ﻭ...
ﻭﻣﻌﲎ "ﺁﻟﺘﻮﻥ" :ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ،ﻭﻣﻌﲎ "ﺑﻮﻏﺎ" ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﺔ،
ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺓ ّ ،ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ :ﺻﺮّﺓ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ١٠٣ﺹ . ٨٩
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺳﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﺢ ﻭﺍﳌﺰﻭﻕ ﻭﺁﻟﻄﻮﻧﺒﻐﺎ. ﺍٕﻟﺘﻬٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻫﻂ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﻤﺔ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ ﻻﻣﺎً.
ﺍﻟّﱵ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻜﺎﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﳍﻂ .
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺎ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﰲ ﲨﻠﺔ ﻳﺄﺛﺮﻭـﺎ ﻋـﻦ
ﺍٕﻟﺘﻬﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻒ :ﲢﺮّﻕ ﺣﺰﻧـﺎً ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ" :ﺑﻌﺪَ ﺍﻟﻠُﺘﻴّﺎ ﻭﺍﻟّﺘِﻲ" ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﳜﻄﺌﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻔﺘﺤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـﻼﻡ
ﻣﺼﻴﺒﺔ ﺃﳌّﺖ ﺑﻪ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﺘﻴّﺎ..
ﺍٕﻟﺘﻬَﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻢَ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺑﺘﻠﻌﻪ ﻣﺮّﺓ.
ﺃٔﻟﱵ ﻳٔﭙﺮﻕ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁﻟﱵ ﻳﺎﭘﺮﺍﻕ.
ﺍٕﻟﺘﻬﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﺘـﻬﻤﺖ ﻭﺃﷲ ﺃﳍﻤـﲏ
ﺃﳉﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﳉﺄﻩ ﺇﱃ ﻛﺬﺍ -ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗـﻪ -
ﺃﺳﺎﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﱠﻙ ﻳﺎﻩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﳍﻤـﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺍﳋـﲑَ
:ﺍﺿﻄﺮّﻩ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﺃﻣْﺮَﻩ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺃﺳﻨﺪﻩ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﻘﻨّﻪ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ.
ﺍﻷﳉﺎ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﳉـﺄ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻻﺫ،
ﺍٕﻟﺘﻮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻯ :ﺍﻧﻌﻄﻒ.
ﺳﻬﻠﺖ ﳘﺰﺎ.
ﺃﻟﺘﻮﻧﺒٓﻐﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﻟﻄﻮﻧﺒﻐﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻟﻄﻨﺒﻐﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺁﻟﺘﻮﻧﺒﻐـﺎ ﺃﻭ
ﺁﻟﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﻮﻏﺎ :ﺍﻷﻣﲑ ﻋﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﻲ ،ﺗﻮﱃ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﺣﻠـﺐ،
ﻭﺑﲎ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺃﻟﻄﻨﺒﻐﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺱ ٧١٤ﻫـ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٦ﺹ . ٩٧ ﻭﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﳉﱪﰐ :ﻭﺭﺩ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ ﻭـﺎ
ﺇﻟﭽﻲ...
ﺍﻷﻟﺬ ّ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻟﺪّ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀـﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻟﺬِﺫﺗُـﻪ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﺟﺪﺗﻪ ﺫﺍ ﻟﺬّﺓ. ﺃﱀّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻏﲑﻫـﻢ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﱀّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺃﱀ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻛﺜﺮ ﺳﺆﺍﻟﻪ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ ،ﺃﺻﺮّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺳﺄﻝ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻭﺯﻳﺮﻭ :ﺑﺪّﻙ ﲡﺎﻭﺑﲏ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻠَﺖ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺷﺪّ ﺍﻻﺷﺪ ﻭﺃﻟﺬ ﺍﻷﻟﺬ ﻭﺃﻃﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﻃﻴﺐ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺘﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﳊﺎﺡ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻤﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﺎ ﰲ "ﺃﻟﺬ ". ﺃَﻟْﺤٔﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺧﺮﺝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ :ﻻﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻜﺎﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺇﳊٔـﺎﺩ
-ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻳﻮﺭﺩﻭﺎ ﰲ ﲨﻠﺔ ﺃﺛﺮﻭﺍ ﺷﻄﺮﺍً ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﻣُﻠﺤِﺪ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﻣٕﺘْﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺁﻣّﻨﻮﺍ.
ﺃَﳊﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻷﺣﻖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺍﳋﺴﺎﻳۤﺮ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﺃَﻟﺰَﻡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻟﺰﻣﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺜﺒـﺖ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺃﳊﻖَ :ﺃﺗﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ.
ﻭﻳﺪﻭﻡ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺟﱪﻩ ،ﻭﻳﻌﺪﻭﺎ ﺑﻔﻲ :ﺃﻟﺰﻣْﲏ
ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺃﻟﺰﻣﻮ ﻓﻴﲏ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﳊﺎﻕ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻟﺰﺍﻡ ﻭﺇﻟﺰﻣﻴّﺖ ﻭﻣُﻠﺰَﻡ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻣﻠﺤﻖَ ﺍﳉﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﻭﻣﻠﺤﻖ
ﺍﻠﺔ ﻭ...
ﺍﻷﻟﺰﻡ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻟﺰﻣـﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻟـﺰﻡ ﺑـﻪ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ. ﺇﱁ] :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺗـﺮﺍﻙ
ﻳﺮﻣﺰﻭﻥ ﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺇﱃ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ،ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ،ETC :
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﻔﺮّﻕ ﺯﻛﺎﺗﻮ ،ﺃﻫﻠﻮ ﻣﺎﻫﻦ ﺃﻟﺰﻡ
ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑٓﻥ؟. ﺃﻟّﺦ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃَﻟّﺦ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﻮ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻫﻠﻚ.
ﺃﻟﺰﻡ ﻣﺎ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺪﻓﻊ ﻟﻚ ﺃﻟﺰﻡ ﺍﻷﻟﺪٔﻍ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷﻟﺜﻎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﳌﺸـﺒﻬﺔ
ﻣﺎ ﳝﻀﻲ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ ،ﺃﺷﻐﻠﲏ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﺪﺓ ﰒ ﻭﺿﺤﺖ ﱄ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻥ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻣﻦ ﻳﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ ﻏﻴﻨﺎً ﺃﻭ ﻻﻣﺎً ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﻳﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺴـﲔ
"ﺃﻟﺰﻡ ﻣﺎ" ﻻﺑﺪّ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺒﻖ ﺑﻨﻔﻲ ،ﻓﻬـﻲ ﺇﺫﺍً ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ "ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ" ﺛﺎﺀ.
ﺑﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﺪﻓﻊ ﻟﻚ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﳝﻀﻲ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ ،ﻭ"ﻣﺎ" ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻹﻟﺪﻭٔﺍﻥ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻟﺪﻭﺍﻥ :ﺍﻟﻘﻔّﺎﺯ .ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ
ﺯﺍﺋﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺄﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﺎ ﺑﻌـﺪ "ﺇﺫﺍ" ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ :ﺇۤﻧﺪﻭﺍﻥ.
ﻫﻨﺎ.
ﺃٔﻟْﻔْﺮﻳۤﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺼـﺎﺭﻯ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻮﻧﻴﺔ: ﺇٕﻟْﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻟﻒ :ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺄﻟﻔﻪ ﻭﻳﺄﻟﻔـﻚ،
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻛﻠﻪ ﺣﺮّﻳﺔ. ALFRED ﺍﻟﻌﺸﲑ ﺍﳌﺆﺍﻧﺲ.
ﺍﻷﻟﻔﻴّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺗﺴﻊ ﺃﻟـﻒ ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﻭٕﻟْﻒ.
ﺩﺭﻫﻢ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺒﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺑﻌـﺾ ﺍﳌﺴـﺎﺟﺪ
ﺃَﻟۤﻒ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺣﺮﻑ ) ﺍ ( ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻭﺃﻟﻴۤﻒ ﺑۤﺎ.
ﺣﺒﺎﺎ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺣﺒّﺔ ،ﳚﺘﻤﻊ ﺣﻮﳍﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺰﻗﺔ ﻭﻳﻘﺮﺀﻭﻥ ﺃﻟﻒ
"ﻗﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺍﷲ ﺃﺣﺪ" ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺭﻭﺡ ﻣﻴـﺖ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻔﻴـﺔ ﺃﻟۤﻒ ﺑۤﺎ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻟﻴۤﻒ ﺑۤﺎ.
ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺃﺑﻴﺎﺎ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﻋﻠﻤﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ،ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ
ﺃﻟﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ. ﺃٕﻟۤﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻟِﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻟﺰِﻣﻪ ،ﺃﻧِﺲ ﺑﻪ.
ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﳛﺬﻓﻮﻥ ﺃﻟﻔﻬﺎ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍً. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺃﻟﻘﻰ ﺍﳋﻄﻴـﺐ ﻛﻠﻤـﺔ،
ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺱ ﻳﻠﻘﻲ ﺩﺭﺳﻪ ،ﺇﻓﻼﺱ ﻫﺎﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ ﻳﻠﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳـﻲ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﺃﻟﻔﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ :ﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻠـﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﻬﺘﺮ ،ﻳﻠﻘﻲ ﺿﻮﺀﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺱ ،ﺇﺫ ﺗﻨﱪﻱ ﺍﻷﺻﻮﺍﺕ :ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻠّۤﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺒﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻠّۤـﻪ
ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻌﺾَ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ. ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﺩ :ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ "ﻛﺎﺩ"
"ﺍﻝ" ﻭﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ]ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﺮﺩﺗﲔ ﻓﺤﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﺩ ﻳﻘﺪّّﻭﱐ ،ﻻ
ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﻫﻮ ﻭﺍﷲ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﺴﻤﻮﻥ :ﺑﺎﷲ ﻭﺗﺎﷲ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺇﻻ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ.
ﻭﻛﺴﺮ ﺍﳍﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻹﻟۤﻜﺘﺮﻭٓﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ELEKTRON :ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﰲ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟـﻪ :ﺍﷲ ﻣـﺎﻫﻮ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﺔ ﻣﺸﺤﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻـﺮ
ﺧﺒﺰۤﺓ ﻭﺟﺒﻨۤﺔ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺆﻟّﻒ ﺍﻟﺬﺭّﺓ.
]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻊ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﺳـﻢ ﺍﷲ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳊﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ.
"ﻳﺎﺧٓﺪ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﻮٓ".
ELECTRIQUE ﺍﻹﻟۤﻜﺘﺮِﻳﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺑﻴﺔ:
ﻭﰲ ﺃﺫﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻄـﺮﻕ ﺗـﺮﺩﺩ "ﺍﷲ" ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ELEKTRON :ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﻛﺮﳝﺔ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﻜﺖ
ﻣﻘﻄﻌﲔ :ﺍﻝ -ﻟَﻪ. ﺟﺬﺑﺖ ﺍﻷﺟﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﳋﻔﻴﻔﺔ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠـﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ :ﻛﻬْﺮٔﺑٔـﺎ،
ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻮﻏﻠﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻷﻧﺘﺮﻳﻚ.
ﻭﳌﺎ ﻳﺸﺘﺪّ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻳﻐﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺪ ﻓﻼ ﺗﻜﺎﺩ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﺇﻻّ
ﻫﻬّﺔ َ ﺍﳍﺎﺀ. ﺃٔﻟْﻜﻮٓﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ،ALCOOL :
ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ "ﺍﷲ" ﰲ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ ﻭﻗـﺪ ﺗﻜـﺮﺭ، ﺍﻟﻼ :ﻫﻲ "ﺍﻝ" ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ "ﻻ" ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺗﺘﺼـﺪﺭ
ﻭﻫﻮ ﻃﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ. ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ :ﺍﻟﻼ ﺃُﺑﺎﱄ ،ﺍﻟﻼﺎﻳﺔ
ﻭﺍﺫﺍ ﻃﺮﺃ ﺣﺪﺙ ﳐﻴﻒ ﺗﺪﺍﺭﻛﻮﻩ ﺑـ "ﺃﷲ".
ـﻢ ﺍﷲ
ﻭﻟـﺪﻯ ﺯﻑ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﻭﺱ ﻳﻐﻨّـﻰ :ﺃﷲ ﻭﺍﺳـ
ﻳﺎﻋﺮﻭﺳﺔ!
]ﻭﻳﻌﺰﻭﻥ ﺑﻔﻘﺪ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ[ :ﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺃﺟﺮﻛﻢ -ﻏﻔﺮ ﻭﻳﺘﺤﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﻆ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻴﺤﺮﻓﻮﻧﻪ ﻟﺪﻯ
ﺍﷲ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻭﻟﻜﻢ. ﺍﻻﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭ ﺇﱃ "ﺃٔﻣّٔﺎ" ،ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﻟﻌـﱪﻱ
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﱪﻱ ﻓﻼ ﻭﻻ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﳌﻦ ﺃﺻﻴﺐ :ﺧﻮﺩ ﺣﺴﺒﻚ ﺃﷲ.
ﻭﻻ ﺃﻧﺴﻰ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺷﻬﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ "ﺳﻴﺎﻫﻮ ﴰـﺎﻉ" ﺇﺫ
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻌﺠﺒﻮﺍ :ﻳﺎ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﷲ. ﺃﻭﺩﻉ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﺗﺎﻓﻬﺔ ﰒ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﻪ ﺎ ﻣﺪﻋﻴﺎً ﺃﻥ ﻣﺒﻠـﻎ
ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺘﻪ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲔ ،ﻓﻨﻜﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲔ ﻭﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﳌﺒﻠـﻎ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ[ :ﻭﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺒـﺎﺭﻱ
ﺍﳌﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻌﺮﺵ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻯ ﻓﺎﻟﻖ ﺍﳊﺐ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻯ. ﺍﳌﺪﻋﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﻌﲔ ﻛٕﻞ ﺣﻲ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ "ﺍۤﻝ".
ﺑﻠﻮﺍﻩ .ﺍﷲ ﳛﻠّﻲ ﺭﻳﻘﻨﺎ ﻭﻳﻜﺘّﺮ ﺯﺩﻳﻘﻨﺎ .ﺍﷲ ﳚﻴﺒۤﻚ ﻳﺎﻃﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻝ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﻟٓﻬٓﺎ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﻟَﻬَﺎ.
ﺍﷲ ﻳﺪﱘ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺧﺎ ﺣﱴ ﻧﻀﻞّ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ .ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺭﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻠّۤﺔ
ﻭﻻ ﺟﻮٓﺭ ﺑﻴۤﺖ ﺍﻹٕﲪﺎ .ﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﷲ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻋﻈـﻢ .ﺍﷲ ﻳﻨﺠّﻴﻨـﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ
ﻣﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﺍﳌﺸﻌﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟّﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺟﺮﻭﺩﻱ .ﺍﷲ ﻳﺴﻌﺪﻭ ﻭﻳﺒﻌﺪﻭ .ﺍﷲ "ﻭﺍﷲ" ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ،VALA :
ﻻ ﻳﻔﻀﺢ ﳐﻠﻮﻕ .ﺍﷲ ﻳﻠﻄﻒ ﺑﺎﳌﻘﺪﻭﺭ .ﺍﷲ ﻳﻌﺎﻓﻴﻨﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﻟـﻮ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ.
ﻋﻤﻠﻴّۤﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳐﻄﻮﻃﻨﺎ "ﺍﷲ " ،ﻭﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺍﷲ " ﻟﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﳏﻤﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺩ ،ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ
١١١ﺹ ٨١ﻭ ١٤٥ﻭ ﺱ ١١٢ﺹ ، ١٧ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ٨ﻋﺪﺩ ٦
ﺹ : ٤٠ﺍﷲ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ .
ﻭﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻤّﻮﺭ -.ﻛﻤـﺎ ﰲ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻮ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺷﻴﺨﻮ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﻄﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ .- ﺍﻟﺒﺘّﺎﻭﺏ ﻭﻣﺎ ﲝﻂّ ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ﻋﺘﻤّﻮ ﺑﺪﺧﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺷَﻤِﲑ. ﺑﺘﻨﺎﻡ ﻋﺎﻟﻔﺮﺷۤﺔ ﺩَﻋﺒَﻠِﻲ ﻣﺴﻜﲔ ﻳﺎﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻣﺮﺍ
ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﺱ ﰲ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺍﺯﻳﻞ ﻭﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ ﺍٕﻟﻠﻲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍۤﻟﻠﻲ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺍﻗﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻗـﺮﺓ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﻭﺃﻭﺳﺘﺮﺍﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﳊﺼﻰ. ﻗﻠﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍۤ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺼﲑ ﳑﻨﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻫﻮّﻩ ﳎﻨـﻮﻥ
ﺧﻠﻘٔﺔ ﻻﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﰲ ﺟﻨﻮﻧﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳊﺎﻟـﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻫﻨـﺔ ،ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ
)ﺃﺭ : ١٧ ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﺱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﻣﺮﺗﲔ: ﺍﳌﻠﻤﻮﺱ .ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ" :ﺃﻝ" :ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ"ﻟِﻲ" :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ،ﺃﻱ:
( ١ﻭ )ﺣﺰ .( ٩ : ٣
ﺍﳊﺎﺻﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ،ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺒﻮﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﻭﻋﺜﺮ ﰲ ﺧﺮﺍﺋﺐ ﺑﺎﺑﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ٤٠٠ﻗﻄﻌﺔ
ﺍﻷﻟَﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻊ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺁﻻﻡ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﺱ.
ﺃﻟّﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻟّﻤﻪ :ﺃﻭﺟﻌﻪ.
ﻭﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﺱ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺎﺯﻙ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﳌﻪ ﺟﻲ . ﺃٔﳌﺎﺟﻲ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﺀ :ﺱ ٥ﺹ .١٧٣
ﺍﻷﳌﺎﺯ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﺱ :ﺣﺠﺮ ﺷَﻔّﺎﻑ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺼـﻔﺎﺀ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻟﻘﺒﻪ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴـﻮﻥ ﺣَﺠَـﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻥ ﺫﻭ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﻥ ،ﻳﻌﺪّ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺣﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﳝﺔ.
ﺍﳌﺼﺎﳊﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﺼﺎﳊﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﲔ(.
ﻭﻋﻨﺼﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﺒﻠّـﺮ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺘﺒﻠـﻮﺭ(
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٢ﺹ ١٥ﻭﺱ ٩ﺹ ٢٨٨ﻭ ﺱ ١٦ﺹ ٨١٠ﻭ ﺱ
١٧ﺹ ٤١٣ﻭ ٥١٢ﻭ ﺱ ٢١ﺹ ٩٠٩ﻭ ﺱ ٤١ﺹ ٢٦٢ﻭ ﺱ ٤٣ ﻭﺍﳌﻀﻐﻮﻁ.
ﺹ . ٦٠٣
ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ" :ﻣﺎﺱ" ﺃﻭ "ﺃﳌـﺎﺱ"،
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﺀ :ﺱ ١٩٤٢ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ١ﻭ ٢ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ :ﺱ ١٣ﻋﺪﺩ ٦٥٥ﺹ ﻓﺎﺫﺍ ﺣﻠﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﻝ ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺍﳌﺎﺱ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﻠـﻲ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﱐ ﻗﻴـﻞ:
. ٢٣
ﺍﻷﳌﺎﺱ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ.
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺒﺔ :ﺱ ٤ﺹ ١٠٣ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ :ﺱ ٢٤ﺹ ٤٤٩ﻭﳎﻠـﺔ
ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ :ﺍﻠﺪ ٣ﺹ ٨٧٤ﻭﺍﻠﺪ ٤ﺹ ١١٨٧ﻭﳎﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ١٩٤٢ ADAMANTOS ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﲰﺪﺗﻪ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ:
ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩﺍﻥ ١ﻭ ، ٢ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﻠﺪ ٢٤ﺝ ١ﺹ ١٨ﻭﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﻭﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﻻ ﻳُﻐﻠَﺐ ﺃﻭ ﻻ ﻳُﻘﻬﺮ ،ﻷﻧﻪ ﺃﺻﻠﺐ ﺍﻷﺣﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﳝﺔ
ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ :ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﻻﺑﻦ ﺍﻻﺛﲑ :ﻣﺎﺱ .
ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺷﻲﺀ.
ﻭﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ .
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ،ATAMANT :
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺇۤﻟﻴّﺎ ﻭﺇﻳﻠﻴَﺎ ﻭﺇۤﻟﻴﺎﺱ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻭ ﺇٕﳌﺎﻡ ﺳﻄﺤﻲ
ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﻭﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻌﺮ.
ﻭﻳﻠﻄﻔﻮﻥ ﺇﻟﻴﺎﺱ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻟّﻮﺱ.
ﺃٔﳌﻪ ﺟﻲ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑـﺎ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.ELIE : ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻭﺭﺩﻱ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺑﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺣﻲ ،ﻧﺴﺒﺔ
ﳌﺎﻟﻚ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﳊﻲ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﺎً ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭ.
ﻭﺍﺷﻜﻲ ﻟِﻬٓﻦ ﻋﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﺟﺮﻯ ﺁﻩ ﻳﺎﳝﺎ ﺍﻷﻟﻴﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺆﻟِﻢ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻎ ﺃﺷﺪّ ﺍﻹﳚﺎﻉ ،ﺍﳌﻮﺟِﻊ.
ﻭﺗﺼﻐﲑﻫﺎ :ﻣۤﻴﻤۤﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻟﻄﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺃُﻣﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺍﻷﻟﻴَﻦ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻻﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﺿﺪّ ﺻَﻌُﺐ ﻭﺧﺸُﻦ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺿﺪ ﺻﻠُﺐ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﺍﻷٕﻡّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷُﻡّ :ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻡّ ﻣﻦ ﻛـﻞ
ﻳﺎﻣﻴﻤﱵ ! ﺣﺒّﻲ ﺧﺪﻭﺍ ﺁﻩ ﻳﺎﳝّﺎ ! ﺷﻲﺀ :ﻋﻤﺎﺩﻩ ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ.
ﺑﺎﺣﻀﺎﻥ ِ ﻏﲑِﻱ ﻧَﻴّﻤﻮﻩ ﺁﻩ ﻳﺎﳝّﺎ ! ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌـﲎ "ﺫﺍﺕ" :ﻳـﺎ ﺃٕﻡ
ﻳﺎﻣﻴﻤﱵ ! ﻃﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﺁﻩ ﻳﺎﳝﺎ ﺍﳉﺰﻣﺔ ،ﺃﻡ ﻛﺮﺵ.
ﺃٕﻡّ ﺟْﺮﻳۤﻦ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﻗﺮﻳـﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺒـﻞ ﺍﻷﻡ -ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻭﺣﻴّۤﺪ ﻷﻣﻮ.
ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺃﻡ ﺟﺮﻳۤﻦ :ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻮﺙ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﻣﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﺎﻡ ﺍﻻ ﺗﺘﻨـﻴّﻢ ﻋﺒـﺪﻳﻦ
ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ: ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ ) :ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻼﻥ( .ﺳﺄﻟﻮﺍ ﻭﻟﺪ :ﺃﺵ ﺑﺘﻘﺮﺑﻚ ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺍ ؟ ﻗـﺎﻝ
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٣ ﻟﻦ :ﺟﺪّﻱ ﻣﺘﺠﻮﺯ ﺃﻣّﺎ :) :ﺃﻣﻪ( .ﺳﺄﻟﻮﺍ ﻣـﺮﺍ :ﺃﺵ ﺑﻘﺮﺑـﻚ
ﻫﺎﻟﺸﺐ ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ :ﺃﻣﻲ ﻭﻟﺪﺕ ﺃﻣﻮ ﻭﺃﺧﻮ ﺟﻮﺯﻱ ﻋﻤـﻮ ):
ﺃٕﻡّ ﺍﻟﺰٕﻣّۤﻴﺘﺎ :ﺭﺩﻱﺀ ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺯٕﻣﻴﺘﺎ. ﺃﻣﻪ( .ﻛﻢ ﺃٕﺩﻥ ﻷﻣﻚ ﻭﺃﻡ ﺃﺧﻮﻙ ﻭﲪﺎﻳﺔ ﻣـﺮﺓ ﺃﺧـﻮﻙ ):
ﺃﺫﻧﺎﻥ(.
ﺃٕﻡّ ﺍﻟﺴﺘّۤﺔ :ﻧﻘﺪ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﻨﺎ ﳓﻦ
ﻧﺘﺪﺍﻭﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﻌﺶ ،ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻬﺎ :ﺃٕﻣّٕﺴّٕﺘﺔ. ﺃٕﻡ ﺃٔﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﺃٔﺭﺑﻌﲔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﻳﺒﺔ ﺳﺎﻣﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ :ﺃٕﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺃٕﻣّﺴّﺘﺎﺕ. ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺗﺄﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ .ﻋﺮﺑﻴّﻬﺎ :ﺍﳊَﺮﻳﺶ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺄﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺔ ﺎﺭ ﻭﻻ ﻋﺎﺯﺓ ﺍﳉﺎﺭ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝـﺔ ﻳﺴـﻤﻮﺎ "ﺩﻭﺩﺓ
ﺍﻷﺫﻥ" ،ﻷﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﺗﻘﺼﺪ ﺍﻷﺫﻥ ﻭﺗﺪﺧﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺘﺸﺒﺚ ﺑﻘﻮﺍﺋﻤﻬﺎ
ﺃٕ ّﻡ ﺍﻟﺴٕﺮﺝ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻐﺎﺭﺓ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﺟﺪﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ ٢٥
ﻓﻼ ﲡﺬﺏ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛُﻮِﻳﺖ.
ﻛﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﺞ.
ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻗﺮﻕ ﺁﻳﺎﻕ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺃﲰﻮﻫﺎ
ﻣﻌﲎ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺴٕﺮﺝ :ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﺳـﺔ ﻹﺷـﻌﺎﻝ
ﺃﻡ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺑﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺝ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﲑ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﺒﻌﺪﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻑ ﻟﻠﺒﺴﺘﺎﱐ ،ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ١٠ﺹ . ١٣٥
ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻳﻌﺸﺶ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺍﳋﻔﺎﻓﻴﺶ ،ﺣـﺪﺛﲏ ﻣـﺰﺍﺭﻉ
ﺃﺭﺿﻪ ﻗﺮﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﻠﻢّ ﺯﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﲰﺎﺩﺍً ﻟﻨﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺃﻡ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﻛﻠّﺐ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻔﻚّ.
ﺃﻡ ﻋﺒﺪﻭ :ﻛﻨّﻮﺍ ﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ ﺎ.
ﺍﻷﻣّﺎﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣَﺮ. ﺃٕﻡّ ﻋﻤﻴۤﺶ] :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ[ :ﺗﻌﺼﺐ ﻋـﲔ
ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻭﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺣﻮﻟﻪ ﺻﺎﺭﺧﲔ :ﺃﻡ ﻋﻤـﻴﺶ ﺃﻳۤـﺶ
ﺍﻷٔﻣٔﺎﺭٔﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻣﺎﺭﺓ :ﻣﻨﺼـﺐ ﺍﻷﻣـﲑ، ﻭﺃﻳۤﺶ ،ﻓﺎﺫﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻉ ﺃﻥ ﳝﺴﻚ ﺍﳌﻌﺼﻮﺏ ﺃﺣـﺪَﻫﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﻘـﻞ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﻳﻠﺔ ﳛﻜﻤﻬﺎ ﺃﻣﲑ. ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ .ﻋﺮﰊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺒﺔ" :ﺍﻟﻐِﻤﺎﻣﺔ".
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻌَﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻟﻸﻣﺎﺭﺓ. ﰲ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻌﻮﻡ ﲞﺎﺵ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻮﺭﺓ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸـﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٥ﺹ :٤١٨
"ﻭﻟﻌﺒﻨﺎ ﻋَﻤﱢﻲ ﻋﻤﻴﺶ."..
ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟَﺔ :ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺤﻮ ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒ ﳓﻮ
ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ ،ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠﺔ ،ﺃﻣـﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟـﺔ ﺃٕﻡّ ﻛﻌﻴۤﺐ :ﺭﺳﻦ ﻷﺻﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺼﲑﺓ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺤﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﳓﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ.
ﺃٕﻡّ ﻛٔﻌّﻮﺩ :ﺭﺳﻦ ﻷﺻﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ.
ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺮﻧﺎ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ xﻟﻺﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﻓـﻮﻕ ﺍﳊـﺮﻑ
ﺍﳌﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﺄﺎ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ. ﺃٕﻡّ ﺁﻭﻻﺩ] :ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﻳﺒﻌﺖ ﻟـﻮ
ﺣﺪﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻡّ ﺁﻭﻻﺩﻭ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺑﻴﻀـﻪ ،ﺃﻱ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﺳﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ،ﺑـﻞ ﰲ ﺧﺼﻴﺘﻴﻪ.
ﻛﻞ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ.
ﺃﻣّﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞ.
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺳﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﺔ.
ﺇٕﻣّﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺇﻣّﺎ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺇﺑﺎﺣﺔ ﺃﻭ ﲣﻴﲑ.
ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺕ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﻭﰲ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺧﻮﺩ ﻫﺎﺩ ﳝّﺎ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻨﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﺇﱃ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺯ ﺃٕﻣّٔﺎ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲰﻌﺖ ﻟﻠﻚ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺃٕﻣّٔﺎ ﺻـﻮﺕ
ﻭﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﺇﱃ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﳒﺪ ﻣﻦ ﲤﻴﻢ ﻭﻗﻴﺲ ﻭﺃﺳﺪ ﻭﻃﲕﺀ ﻭﺑﻜﺮ ﺷﻲ ﻣﺎ ﲰﻌﺖ ﻣﺘﻠﻮ ،ﻭﺷﻔﺖ ﻟﻠﻚ ﻭﭺّ ﺃٕﻣّٔﺎ ﻭﭺ ﺣﻘﺎً ﺑﺮَﻋّۤﺐ.
ﺑﻦ ﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﻭﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺲ ﻭﺗﻐﻠﺐ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣّﺎ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻴـﺐ،
ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ ،ﻳﺎ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ.
ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﻜﺴﺎﺋﻲ :ﺇﻧﻚ ﲤﻴﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻫـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴـﺚ، -ً ٩ﳓﻮ :ﺑْﻜۤﺘۤﺐ ﻭﻛﺎۤﺗۤﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻣﺮ
ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﻫﺬﻩ ﻃﺒﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﻭﺯﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﺎﻋَﻞَ ﻓﺈﻤﺎ ﲤﺎﻝ ﺃﻟﻔﻬﻤﺎ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺭﻗﻴﻘﺔ.
ﲞﻼﻑ ﳓﻮ :ﺑﻘﺎٔﺗۤﻞ ﻭﻗﺎٔﺗۤﻞ.
ﻭﲰﻊ ﺳﻴﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺿـﺮﺑﺖ ﺿـﺮﺑۤﺔ
ﻭﺃﺧﺬﺕ ﺃﺧﺬۤﺓ) .ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺝ ٢ﺹ.( ٢٧٠ -ً ١٠ﳓﻮ :ﻣْﻜﺎۤﻧۤﺲ ﻭﻣْﻨﺎۤﺩﻳﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛـﻞ ﺻـﻴﻎ
ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﳉﻤﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﻜﻦ ﺃﻭﻟﻪ ﻭﲤﺎﻝ ﺃﻟﻔـﻪ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺒﻘﺖ ﺑﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﻏﻠﻴﻈﺔ ﻻ ﲤﺎﻝ :ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻇٔﺔ ،ﺑﻠﻮﻋﺔ، ﺭﻗﻴﻘﺔ .ﲞﻼﻑ ﳓﻮ :ﻣٔﻘﺎٔﺩۤﻡ ﻭﻣَﻌﺎٔﻟﻴﻖ.
ﳐﻠﻮﻃٔﺔ.
-ً ١١ﳓﻮ :ﻋﻨﺘﺎۤﰊ ﻭﺷﺮّﺍۤﱐ ﻭﻧﺴﻮﺍۤﱐ ﻭﺟﻮّﺍۤﱐ ﻣﻦ
ﺷﺬ :ﻛﺒﲑۤﺓ ﻭﺯﻏﲑۤﺓ ﻭﺣَﺮﻳﺮۤﺓ. ﻛﻞ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﺃﻟﻒ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ .ﻓﺈﻥ ﺃﻟﻔـﻪ
ﲤﺎﻝ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺭﻗﻴﻘﺔ ،ﲞﻼﻑ ﳓﻮ :ﺑَﺮّﺍٔﱐ ﻭﲪﺼـﺎٔﱐ ،ﺷـﺬ
ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﲑﺓ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ:
ﻫﻴﻄﻼﱐ ﻭﺃَﳌﺎﺳﻲ.
-ً ١ﳓﻮ ﻟﻘّٔﺸۤﻚ ﺟﻮﺯۤﻙ ،ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳـﻢ
-ً ١٢ﳓﻮ :ﺻٕﺒّﺎۤﻏﲔ ﻭﻧٕﺠّﺎٓﺭﻳﻦ ﻭﺩٕﻫّﺎۤﻧﲔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ
ﺗﻼﻩ ﻛﺎﻑ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﳝﺎﻝ ﻣﻴﻼً ﻗﺼﲑﺍً.
ﻣﺎ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻌّﺎﻟﲔ ﻳﺮﺩ ﺃﻭﻟﻪ ﻭﲤﺎﻝ ﺃﻟﻔـﻪ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ
-ً ٢ﳓﻮ :ﻣَﺠﻠۤﺲ ﻭﺃٔﻃﺸﻠۤﻚ ﻭﺳﻼﻣﻠۤﻚ ،ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺭﻗﻴﻘﺔ ،ﲞﻼﻑ :ﺑﻘﺎٔﻟﲔ.
ﻛﺴﺮﺓ ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﲤﺎﻝ
-ً ١٣ﲰﻌﺖ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻻ ﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺎ
ﻣﻴﻼً ﻗﺼﲑﺍً.
ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ:
ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ :ﳓﺰ :ﺍﺟﻠﻴۤﺲ ﻭﺍﺣﺴﻴۤﺐ ﳑﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻌـﻞ
ﺃ -ﺍﻟﺪﻧۤﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺪٔﻧَﻰ ﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ.
ﺃﻣﺮ ﻓﺈﻣﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ.
ﺏ -ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻠۤﻪ :ﺇﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﷲ ﰲ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻠـﺔ ﺍﻷﻋـﺮﺍﺱ
-ً ٣ﳓﻮ :ﺳﺎﻓﺮۤﺕ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻭﺩّﻋۤﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻛـﻞ ﻓﻌـﻞ
ﺧﺎﺻﺔ.
ﻣﺎﺽ ﺍﺗﺼﻞ ﺑﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﳝﺎﻝ ﻣﻴﻼً ﻗﺼﲑﺍً.
ﺟـ -ﺑﺎۤﰊ :ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ .ﺃﻣﻴﻠﺖ ﺗﺄﺩﺑﺎً
-ً ٤ﲰﻌﺖ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻻ ﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺇﱃ ﻣـﺎ
ﻟﺌﻼ ﺗﺸﺘﺒﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻠﲔ.
ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ:
ﺩ -ﻧﺎۤﺱ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺻﻨﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻘـﺮ.
.AMANET ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻨﺎﻡ ﺑﺄﻣﺎﻥ.
ﺃﺑﺪﻟﻮﺍ ﻻﻡ "ﺍﻝ" ﻣﻴﻤﺎً ،ﻛﺄﳕﺎ ﳚﺮﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺞ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺿﺎﻉ ﺷـﻲﺀ :ﻳـﺎ
ﺣِﻤﻴَﺮ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ،ﻷﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺮﻓﻮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﻼﻝ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺮﺩّﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻬﻔﺎﺕ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺷـﺎﻑ
ﻟﻨﺎ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺯﻏﻴّﺮﻩ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺯﻏﻴّﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﻜﺮﺍ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻳﺮﺩﺍ ﻳﺮﺩ
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻣﺒﺎۤﺭﺡ ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻣﺒﺎۤﺭْﺣﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺘﻮ ﻭﺍﳊﻠﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺺ ﳎﻴﺪﻱ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺏ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﷲ.
ﺃﻣﺲ ﺑﻴﻮﻡ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﺃٔﺧﺪ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺘﻮ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺳﻠﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺃٕﺵ ﺍٕﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺼـﺮ ؟ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺣﻪ ﻓﻤﺎﺕ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻣﺒﺎﺭﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻗﻄّﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺘﻮﱐ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ
ﺇٕﻣﱪٔﺍﻃٓﻮﺭ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ EMPEREUR :ﻋـﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﻳﺘﻮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﻗﻞ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺘﻮ.
ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ IMPERATOR :ﺃﻭ :IMPEROﻟﻘﺐ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ
ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻮّﺍﺩﻫﻢ ﺇﺛﺮ ﺍﻧﺘﺼـﺎﺭﻫﻢ ،ﰒ ﳌـﺎ ﺯﺍﻝ ﺍﳊﻜـﻢ ﺃٕﻣّﺎۤﻱ :ﺃﻭ ﺃٕﻣّﺎﻳۤـﺔ :ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻡ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺘـﻬﻢ،
ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭﻱ ﻭﺧﻠﻔﻪ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺼﺮﻱ ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺼﺮ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺎ ﺟﺮﺛﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ] .ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋٔﺼٔﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎۤﺗۤﺔ
ﻧﻔﺴﻪ. ﻣﻦ ﺟﻔﻨﻮ ﻭﻃﺎﻟﻊ ﺃٕﻣّﺎﻳۤﺘﺎ.
ﰒ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﻟﻐـﲑ ﻣﻠـﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣـﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻗﻴـﻞ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻣّٕﺎﻳۤﺔ ﺍﳋﻞ ﻭﺍﳌﺨﻠﻞ ﻭﺍﳉﺒﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻴـﱪﻕ
ﳊﻜﻮﻣﺘﻬﻢ :ﺇﻣﱪﺍﻃﻮﺭﻳﺔ. ﺍﳌﻜﺒﻮﺱ ﻭﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺒﺲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﻠﻮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻮﻋـﺎﺀ
ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﻪ ﻋﻔﻦ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ،ﲰﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﻷﻣّﺎﻳۤﺔ ﺫﻫﺎﺑﺎً ﻣﻨﻬﻢ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﺎ :ﺇﻧﱪﺍﻃﻮﺭ. ﺇﱃ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺟﺮﺛﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺲ ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺇﻥ ﺧﻼً ﺃﻭ ﻣﻠﺤﺎً.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭﻃﻮٓﻗْﺮٔﺍﻃٓﻮﺭ :ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻫﻞ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﻣّﺎۤﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﻣّﺎﻳۤﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﻷﻡ:
ﺭﺍﺣﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﺃٕﻣّﺎﺗٓﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺃٕﻣّﺎۤﻳﺎﺗٓﻦ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ١ﺹ . ١٩٣
ﺍٕﻣﺘﻨﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:ﺍﻣﺘﻨﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻛﻒّ ﻋﻨـﻪ: ﻭﻋﺰّﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗﻌﺬّﺭ ﺣﺼﻮﻟُﻪ. ﻋﺼﻮﺭﺍً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺺ.
ﺍٕﻣﺘﻬﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻣﺘـﻬﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺣﺘﻘـﺮﻩ ﺍٕﻣﺘﺪّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻣﺘﺪّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﲤـﺪﺩّ ،ﻃـﺎﻝ،
ﻭﺍﺑﺘﺬﻟﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞَ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻪ ﻟﻠﺨﺪﻣﺔ. ﺍﻧﺒﺴﻂ.
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻓﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﻣﺘﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﶈﺎﻣـﺎﺓ ﻭﻣﻬﻨـﺔ ﺍٕﻣﺘﺪﺡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺣﻪ :ﻣﺪﺣﻪ.
ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻻ ﳛﺴﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﻤﺎ.
ﺍٕﻣﺘﺰﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻣﺘﺰﺝ ﺑﻪ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻂ.
ﺍٕﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﻪ ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ ﺍﻣﺘـﺎﺯ
ﺍٕﻣﺘﺺّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻣﺘﺺﱠ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺭﺷـﻔﻪ ﺃﻱ:
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻹﻧﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﱐ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻹﻧﻌﺎﻡ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻼﻝ ﻣﺮﻓﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻓـﻖ ﺷﺮﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺑﺎً ﺭﻗﻴﻘﺎً ﻣﻊ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺍﻟﻨَﻔَﺲ ،ﺷﺮﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻤﻬﻼً.
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﻛﺈﻧﻌﺎﻡ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً. ﺍٕﻣﺘﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻂ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻣﺘﺎﺯ. ﻣﺪﻩّ ،ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ.
ﺍﻷﳎﺎﺩ] :ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺎﺟـﺪ ﺍٕﻣﺘﻌﺾ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻣﺘﻌﺾ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﻏﻀـﺐ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﳎﺎﺩ ،ﻭﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺍﻷﻣﺎﺟﺪ. ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺷﻖّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﻨـﻪ ﻭﺍﴰـﺄﺯ
ﻭﺍﻧﻘﺒﻀﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻷﳎﺪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣَﺠُﺪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ
ﻣَﺠْﺪ. ﺍٕﻣﺘﻘﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻣﺘُﻘِـﻊ) :ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨـﺎﺀ
ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ( :ﺗﻐﻴّﺮ ﻟﻮﻧُﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺰﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺰﻉ.
ﻭﺑﻪ ﲰّﻮﺍ ﺩﻭﻥ ﲢﻠﻴﺘﻪ ﺑﺄﻝ.
ﺍٕﻣﺘﻼ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻣﺘﻸ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺀُ )ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗـﻪ(:
ﺃﻣْﺤٔﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﳏﻞ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﺃﺟـﺪﺏ ،ﺍﳌﻄـﺮُ: ﺑﻠﻎ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻮﻋﺐ.
ﺍﺣﺘﺒﺲ.
ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻼ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻣﺘﻼ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﻥ ﺃﻗﺒﻠۤﺖ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ ﻭﺁﻥ ﺃﳏﻠۤـﺖ
ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻉ :ﺍﻣﺘۤﻠـﺖ ﺍﳊﺒۤـﺔ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺣﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺒﻠﺔ.
ﺍﻹٕﻣﺪﺍﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻣﺪﺍﺩ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﻣَﺪّﻩ :ﺃﻏﺎﺛﻪ
ﻭﻗﻮّﺍﻩ. ﺍٕﻣﺘﻠﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻣﺘﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻣﻠﻜﻪ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺇﻣﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ.
ﺍﻷﻣْﺰۤﻙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃٔﻣْﺰِﻳﻚ :ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻮﺑﺔ ﺗﺜﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺃﺵ ﻋﺎﺯﻙ ﻟﻠﻤﺮّ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻷﻣﺮّ.
ﺍﻟﻠﻔﺎﻓﺔ) :ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻜﺎﺭﺓ( ،ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺃﻣﺰﻙ ﺣﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺪﻱ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﻌﺎﱐ ﺍﻷﻣﺮّﻳﻦ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺃٔﻣْﺰَﻙ. ﺍﳉﺴﺪﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ.
ﺃﻣﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻳﻮﻣﻚ ﺑﻠﻴﻠﺔ. ﺃﻣّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣّﺮﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﻣﲑﺍً.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻣـﺲ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ، ﺍﻷﻣﺮٔﺩ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺏّ ﻃﺮّ ﺷﺎﺭﺑﻪ ﻭﱂ ﺗﻨﺒﺖ ﳊﻴﺘﻪ
ﺻﻮﺍﺎ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺲ. ﺑﻌﺪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﻣٕﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﻛﻐﻠﻤﺎﻥ ،ﻭﱂ ﻧﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ
ﰲ "ﺍﳌﱳ".
ﻭﺃﻣﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃۤﻣۤﺶ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﻷﺟﺮٔﺩ ﺧﻠّﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻟﻮﻻ ﺍﻟﻠﻤﺲ ﻃﺎﺑۤﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣْﺲ.
ﺃﻣﺮٔﺩ.
ﺃﻣﺴّﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺀ ،ﺃﻭ ﺻﺎﺭ.
ﺃﻣﺮٔﺽ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣﺮﺿﻪ :ﺃﻭﻗﻌﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺽ ،ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻣﺴﻰ ﺍﳌﺴـﺎ، ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﻣٔﺮّٔﺽ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺀ.
ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻠﻘﺒﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ،
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﻳَﻤْﺲ. ﻭﺑﻘﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺸﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺒﲔ .ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ
ﺃﻣﲑﻳﻜﻮٓ ﻓﺴﺒﻮﺳﱵ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻼﺡ ﺇﻳﻄـﺎﱄ ،ﺃﻭ ﻫـﻮ ﺗـﺎﺟﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻣﺴﻰ ﺃﺭﺳﻰ. ﻓﻠﻮﺭﻧﺴﻲ ﺗﻮﰲ ﺳﻨﺔ ،١٥١٢ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐـﺎﻝ ﺳـﻨﺔ
١٥٠١ﻓﺮﺳﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﻃﻰﺀ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺯﻳﻞ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻮﻟﻮﻣﺒـﻮﺱ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻣﺴﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺎ ﻭﺗﺴﺎﻭۤﺕ ﺍﻟﻨۤﺴﺎ )ﻭﻗﺪ
ﺑﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﺳﻨﲔ ،ﻭﱂ ﺗﻨﺴﺐ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻮﻟﻮﻣﺒﻮﺱ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻛـﺎﻥ
ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ( :ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺪﻭ ﻣﻠﺒّﺴۤﺔ ﳝﺼﻤﺼﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺪﻭ ﻛﺮﺷﺎۤﻳﺔ ﻳٕﻠﺒﺴـﺎ
ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺸﻒ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺎً ﺇﱃ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻻ ﻛﺸﻒ
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﰒ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻌﺔ ،ﻳﻈﻨﻮﻥ ﺃﻢ ﻳﺴـﺠﻌﻮﻥ(.
ﻗﺎﺭﺓ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﻮ ﻓﺘﺒﲔ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺎ ﻗﺎﺭﺓ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ
ﺣﻠّﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﻉ ﻭﺃﺭﺳﻴۤﻨﺎ ﻭﺃﺻﺒﺤﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻣﺴﻴۤﻨﺎ .ﺃﻋـﺰ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺁﺳﻴﺎ ﰒ ﻭﺻﻔﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻉ.
ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﻻ ﻳٕﺼﺒﺢ ﻭﻻ ﻳٕﻤﺴِﻲ.
ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﱐ ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ :ﺃﻣﲑﻳﻜـﻲ
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ.
-ً ٢ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ :ﻗﻮﻡ ﺃﻃﻠﺲ ﻣﻦ "ﻗﻮﻡ" ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ: ﺍﻷﻣﺴﺢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻴﺪﻱ ﺃﻣﺴﺢ ﻣـﺎٔﺑﻘْﺒَﻠﻮ:
ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻞ .ﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺎ ﻟﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻞ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺃﻃﻠﺲ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣـﺔ - ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺢ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺴـﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﳑﺤـﻮّ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﻮﻡ ﰲ ﻗﻤﺒـﺎﺯ .-ﻓﻬﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺼـﻔﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺻﻮﻑ. ﺍﻹٕﻣﻀٔﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﻣﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ :ﺃﻧﻔﺬﻩ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊَ :ﺃﺟﺎﺯﻩ ،ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺎﻕ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻬﻢ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻗﻤﻄﻠﺴـﻲ )ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ
ﺑﻼﻏﺔ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺟﺪﺍً :ﻓﻔﻬﻤﻪ ﻣﺆﻭﻑ ﻭﻣﺆﻭﻑ ﺑﻌﻠﺔ ﻓﻘﺪﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ ﻇﺎﺀ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺇٕﻣﻈﺎ.
ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻮﻳﺔ(.
ﻭﺣﻠﺐ ﲡﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺇٕﻣﻀﺎﻳﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻹٕﻣْﻈٔﺎ :ﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﻹﻣﻀﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻟﺪﻯ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺘﻬﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﺇٕﻣﻀـﺎﻳﱵ ﻭﺇٕﻣﻀـﺎﻳٕﺔ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻹٕﻣﻀٔﺎ. ﻣْﺤﻤّﺪ.
ﺃٕﻣْﻈﺎ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﰲ ﺇﻳﻌﺎﺯﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻱ :ﺳِﻠٔﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻹﻣﻀﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﺆﻧﺜﺔ :ﻫﺎﻹﻣﻀﺎ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ
ﺃﻭﻣﻮﺯٔﻩ ،ﻭﻳﺘﺒﲔ ﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﺃٕﻣﻈﺎ ﺃﻱ :ﺿﻊ ﺳَﻼﺣﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻒ، ﻣﺰﻭّﺭﺓ.
ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ "ﺃﻭﻣﻮﺯ" ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ OMOS :ﲟﻌـﲎ
ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻒ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻋﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﳑﻀـﻴﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﻓﻼﻥ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺎ :ﳑﻀﺎﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﻓﻼﻥ.
ﺍﻷﻣﻌﺎﺀ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻣﻌﻲ.
ﺍﻷٔﻣٔﻄﻠٔﺲ :ﺃﻭ ﺃٔﻣﻄْﻠٔﺲ ﺃﻭ ﻗٔﻤٔﻄْﻠٔﺲ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻷﻣﻌٔﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻣﻌَﻂ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﲣﺜّّﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﺩ.
ﻣﻌﻂ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺶَ :ﻧﺘﻔﻪ ،ﻭﰲ "ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻫﺮ" :ﺍﻷﻣﻌﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﺷـﻌﺮ ﻟـﻪ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺴﺪﻩ. ﻭﲰﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ :ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻤﺲ.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻻﻋﱯ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺎﺏ :ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﻌـﻂ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ :ﺝ ١ﺙ .٣٢
ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻴﻒ ﺍﳋﺎﱄ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ.
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ :ﺷَٔﻤﻄْﻠۤﺲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺯﻋﻂ ﺃﻣﻌﻂ.
ﻭﰲ ﲪﺺ :ﺷٕﻤﻠٔﺎﺹ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻨﺘﻢّ ﻣﻨﺄﻣّۤﻞ ﺗﻨﺤﻤّۤﻞ )ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﻀـﻞّ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﺑﻠﻔﻈﻬـﺎ ﻣـﻦ
ﻣﻨﺄﻣّﻞ(..، ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻣﻜٔﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﺪﻉ ﳑﺎ ﻛٔﺎﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣْﺄَﻣّﻠۤﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﺮﺟّﺎﻝ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳌّﻴﺔ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ :ﻣُﻤﻜِﻦ ﻭﻏـﲑ ﳑﻜِـﻦ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺮﺑﺎﻝ. ﺟﺎﺭﻭﻫﻢ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﰲ ﺇٕﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﰲ ﺇٕﻣﻜـﺎﻥ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﰲ
ﺇٕﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺃﻣﻼ] :ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﺃﻣـﻸ
ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻳﻖ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﻣﻸﻩ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﺇﺑـﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ
ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻣﻜﻦ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ :ﻳﻌﺪّﻭﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻼﻡ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺟﺎﺑﻮﻩ ﻹﻣٕـﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﺍﻍ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺘﻌﺪّ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ،ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﻣﻜﻨﻪ.
)ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﳌﻠﺌﻪ(.
ﺍﻷﻣﻜﻦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺒﺴﻤﺎﺭ ﺃﻣﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻭ:
ﺃﻣﻠَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏَ ﺇﻣﻼﺀً :ﻗﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻜُﺘـﺐ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﻣﱳ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻋﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻷﻣَﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺁﻣﺎﻝ.
ﺍﻹٕﻣﻼ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻣﻼﺀ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﻣﻠَﻰ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ
)ﻭﺗﻘﺼﺮ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻷٕﻣّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻣّﺔ :ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ "ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﳌﻴﺴّﺮﺓ" :ﻭﻳﺘﻢّ ﻏﺎﻟﺒـﺎً ﺑـﺪﻓﻊ
ﻳﻌﻴﺸﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻭﻃﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﳚﻤﻌﻬﻢ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻋﺎﺩﻝ.
ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ.
ﺃٕﻣۤﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣِﻦ :ﺍﻃﻤﺄﻥّ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻷُﻣَﻢ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ.
ﺍﻷﻣْﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﻣِﻦَ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃُﻣّﺖ ﻭﺃُﻣَﻢ.
ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻃﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﻙ.
ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﻋَﻤّﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣْﻨﻴﺖ ،ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭﻱ ﻟﻔﻈﻪ :ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺭﻱ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣـﺔ ﺍﻟﺪَﺭَﻙ.
ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ.
ﺃﻣﱠﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣّﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺍﲣﺬﻩ ﺃﻣﻴﻨﺎً ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺛﻖ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ. ﺑﺄﻣﺎﻧﺘﻪ ،ﺃﻣّﻨﻪ :ﺩﻓﻊ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﳋﻮﻑ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﺍﻟﺒَﱰۤﻝ ﻋﻨّﻮ ﺃﻣّﺔ ﺃﷲ ﺗﺮﻛﺒﻮ.
ﺍﻷٕﻣﻴﺪ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﻷٕﻣٕﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﺃٕﻣﻴـﺪ )ﺃﻭ ﳎﻠﺲ ﺍﻷٕﻣّٕﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ،ﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻠﺲ
ﺃٕﻣٕﺪ( ﰲ ﳒﺎﺣﻚ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣﻴﺪ :ﺍﻷﻣـﻞ، ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺎﰊ ﳎﻠﺲ ﺍﻷﻣّﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﺀ.
]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﳎﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻠﻤّۤﺔ.
ﺍﻷﻣِﲑ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳُﻔﺰَﻉ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﺍﺗﻪ.
ﺍﻷﻣﻬٔﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣَﻬَﺮ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﻣﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ ﻭﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ. ﺻﺎﺭ ﺣﺎﺫﻗﺎً.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ: ﺍﻷ ُﻣﻮﻣۤﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻷ ُﻡّ.
.AMIRAS
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣﻮﻣﺖ.
ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﲑﻱ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭﻭﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺳﺔ.
ﺃٔﻣّﻮﻥ :ﺃﻭ ﺃٔﻣّﻮﻧۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﻧﺴﺎﺋﻬﻢ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ :ﺃﻣﲑ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﻭﺃﻣﲑ ﻓﻌّﻮﻝ ﻭﻓﻌّﻮﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻄﻴﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﻨﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﺃﻣﲑ ﺍﳊﺞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻭﻳﻬﺰﺝ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺇﺫﺍ ﱂ ﻳﺬﻋﻦ ﻭﻟﺪ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻣﺎﻝ ﺃﻣـﲑﻯ ،ﻃـﺎﺑﻊ ﺇﱃ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ :ﺿٔﺎﺟۤﺖ ﺃٔﻣّﻮﻧۤﺔ ﺿٔﺎﺟۤﺖ.
ﺃﻣﲑﻯ ،ﺃﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺃﻣﲑﻳﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺑﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣﲑﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣﲑَﺍ.
ﻣّﻮﻧۤﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻠﻴﻤﻮﻧۤﺔ ﺷﺎﻣۤﺔ ﻭﺍﷲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﻢ ﲝﻜﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳋَـﻞ ﻭﺍﻟـﺪَﺭَﺝ
ﻭﺃﻣﲑ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺳﻬﺮﺓ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺧﻞّ ﻭﺩَﺭَﺝ ﻭﺃﻣﲑ ﺍﳌـﺆﻣﻨﲔ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﻧۤﻚ ﻇﻠﻤﻮﱐ ﺧﺼﻤٓﻦ ﺃﷲ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﻂ ﺍﳌﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ. ﺃﻣّﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺮﺍﻭﻳّۤﺔ :ﺷﺤﺎﺩﺓ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺸـﺤﺪ ﲢـﺖ
ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ :ﻳٕﺨﻠّﻲ ﱄ ﻃﻮﻟﻚ،
ﻳٕﺤﻔﻆ ﱄ ﺷﺒﺎﺑﻚ ،ﻳٕﺴﻠّﻢ ﱄ ﻋﻴﻮﻧﻚ ،ﻳٕﺨﺰﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻋﻨّﻚ ،ﻣﺎ
ﻳٕﺤﺮﻣﲏ ﻗﻮﺍﻣﻚ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻳَﻤﻴﻨﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻳَﻤﻴﻨَﺎ. ﻓﻐﺪﺕ: D ﻭﻣﻨﺬ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٥٠٠ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰ
.ADMIRAL
ﻗﻴﻞ :ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻤﲔ ﻷﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ
ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺮﻯ. ﺃٕﻣﲑﻳﻜﺎ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﺇٓﻣﻴﻨﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺷْﻤﺎﻟﻮ ﺍﻷﻣْﻴَﺰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
) :ﺟﺎﻫﻞ ،ﻏﱯ(. ﻋﺰﻟﻪ ﻭﻓﺮﺯﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻋﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺸْﻤﺎﻝ ﻋـﺪﻭّ ﺍﻟﺮﲪـﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻣْﻴَﻞ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻣـﺎﻝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ
ﻭﺃﻋﻮﺭ ﺍﻹٕﻣﲔ ﻋﺪﻭّ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﻋﺪﻝ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺣﻜّﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻒّ ﺍﻹٕﻣﲔ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺇۤﻣِﻴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺼـﺎﺭﻯ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ:
ﺟَﻴّٕﺔ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻳۤﻦ. .ÉMILE
ﺇٕﻥْ :ﻣﻦ "ﺇﻥ" ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﻴﺔ :ﺇٕﻥ ﺣﺒﻴﺘﲏ ﻃـﺎﻕ ﺍﻷﻣﲔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺆﲤﻦ ،ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ.
ﲝﺒّﻚ ﻣﻴﺖ ﻃﺎﻕ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﻣﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ ﻭﻗﺼﺮﻭﺍ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﻬﻠﻮﻥ ﳘﺰﺎ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﻣﲔ ﺑﺎﻟﻴَﻤﲔ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﺇﻥ ﺳﺒّﲏ ﺍﻟﻨَﺪْﻝ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺗَﻴﻨﺴَﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﺩﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﻮّﻓﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺪﻏﻤﻮﺎ ﰲ "ﻣﺎ" ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ :ﺇٕﻣّﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺑﺘﺤﺒﲏ ﻣﺎ
ﺣﺠﺘﻚ ﺍﻥ ﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ. ﻛﻨﺖ ﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﻟﻌﻨﺪﻱ.
ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻮ :ﺇﻥ ﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﲤﻠـﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌـﺔ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﻻ: ﻭﻗﺪ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﺒﺪﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺭﺳﺎﺋﻠﻪ
ﻭﺃﺷﻮﻓۤﻚ ﺣﻔﻴﺎﻧۤﺔ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﻋﺔ. ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﻄﻴّﺐ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﺇﻥ -ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﺫَ ﺑﺎﷲ -ﱂ
ﻳﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻣﺮﺍﺩُﻩ ﻗَﺪَﺭﺍً.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﺪﺍ ﺣﻜﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﻣﻮ ﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﻣﺎ
ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻮ :ﺧﲑ ﺍﻥ ﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻘﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﺎﻣﻮ ﻟﺸﺮّ. ﺇٕﻥ ﺷﺎﺍﷲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺇٕﻥ ﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﳚـﻲ ﺃﺑـﻮﻙ
ﻷﺣﻜﻲ ﻟﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓَﻌﺎﻳﻠﻚ.
ﺇٕﻥْ :ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻢ ﻣﻄﺒﻖ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻏﺘﻤﻴﺔ ،ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ
ﻟﻠﺠﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻹﻗﺮﺍﺭﻱ ،ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ "ﺇﻥ" ﰲ ﻗﺼﺔ - :ﻟﻌﻦ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﶈﺘﻜﺮ :ﺇٕﻥ ﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻨٕﺸَﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻷﺑﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ
ﺍﷲ ﻧﺎﻗﺔ ﲪﻠﺘﲏ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ - ،ﺇﻥّ ﻭﺭﺍﻛﺒﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﻦ "ﺇﻱ" ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻨﱪﺗﻮ ﺑﻔﻠﻔﻞ ﻭﺎﺭ ،ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ "ﺇﻥ ﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ" ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ. "ﻟﻴﺖ".
ﺃﻥّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻥّ :ﺗﺄﻭّﻩ ،ﻣﻀـﺎﺭﻋﻪ :ﻳَـﺌﻦّ ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪّ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺭﺓ
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺌٕﻦّ. ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪّ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﶈﺪّﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻴـﻒ :ﺇﻥ
ﺷﺌﺘﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﺒﻠﻮﺍ ﻫﺪﻳﱵ .ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﻮﺍ ﻓﻨﺠﺎﻧﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻱ ﺇﻥ ﺃﺣﺒﺒﺘﻢ.
ﺃﻥّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻥّ ﻟْﻠﻮٓ ﺑﺎﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻋﺘﺮﻑ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺃﻗﺮّ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣـﻦ "ﺇٕﻥ" ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺑﻴـﺔ ﺍﻹﻗﺮﺍﺭﻳـﺔ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻴﻞ ﺇﻥ ﺷﺎﺍﷲ ﳌﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺏ ﺃﺟﻴﺐ :ﻳٕﻨﺸﻲ
ﺍﻟﻐﺘﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻋﻮﻧَﻚ.
ﺃٕﻥّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻠﻐﲏ ﺃٕﻧّﻚ ﺧﺎۤﻃﺐ ،ﺁٔﺥ ﻣﻨّﻚ ﺁٔﺥ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﺗﺸﺎﻉ ﺍﷲ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺇﻥ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ.
! :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥّ ﺍﳌﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﺗﺴﺒﻚ ﻣﻊ ﻣـﺎ ﺑﻌـﺪﻫﺎ
ﲟﺼﺪﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ "ﺇﻥ ﺷـﺎ ﺍﷲ"
ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ISHALLA :
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﺔ :ﻳﺎﻧﺎ. ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻠﺤﻘﻮﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ -ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳌـﺘﻜﻠﻢ -
ﰒ ﺗﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻋﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻛﺄﺎ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻳﺎٕﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ. ﻭﺻﺮﻓﻮﻫﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :ﻷﻧّﻴﲏ ،ﻷﻧّﻴﻨﺎ ،ﻷﻧّﻴﻚ ،ﻷﻧّﻴﻜﻲ ،ﻷﻧّﻴﻜٓﻦ،
ﻷﻧّﻴﻪ ﻷﻧّﻴﻬﺎ) ،ﺃﻭﻷﻧّﻴﺎ( ﻷﻧّﻴﻬٓﻦ )ﺃﻭﻷﻧﻴّٓﻦ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﺘﲑﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻠﻚ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻃٕﻠۤﻊ
ﻣﻌُٓﻦ ﺷِﻲ. ﺃﻧﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ.
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﭽﻜﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ :ﺃﻧـﺎ ﺃﺭﺩﻓﻬـﺎ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﻬﻠﻮﻥ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻭﺃﻧـﺎ :ﻭﺍﻧـﺎ،
ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ :ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﻧﺎ. ﻭﺃﺟﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﰲ "ﲝﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻡ" ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺬﻓﻮﺎ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻧﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺣﺪﺍ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻘﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ "ﺃﻧِﻲ".
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﻭﰲ ﻧﺎﺑﻠﺲ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ":ﺃَﱐ" .ﺣﻜﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺿﺎﺑﻄﺎً ﻛﺎﻥ
ﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﳎﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻠﺪﻫﻢ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ :ﺃﻧِﻲ ،ﻓﻘﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﻀـﺎﺑﻂ
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩِ ﺧﻴّﻢ ﻋﻠﻴۤﻨﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺣﺒﻴﱯ ﰲ ﺟﻨﻴﻨَﺔ
ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻤﻞ ﺍﳉﻨﺪﻱ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ :ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻧﺎﺑﻠﺴﻲ.
ﺍﻧﺄﺧﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﺬ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﺔ :ﻳﻴﻨﺎ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻝ ﺩﺍﻻً.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻳﺼﺪﺭﻭﺎ ﺑﻴـﺎ ﻭﳛـﺬﻓﻮﻥ ﺃﻟﻔﻬـﺎ
ﺍﻧﺄﺫﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃَﺫِﻱ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻳﺎﻧﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺎﱐ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺎﺳﻮﺀ ﺣﺎﱄ ،ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻏﻨﻴـﺔ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ:
ﺍﻧﺄﺫﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺫِﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﻳﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺮﺍﻣﻮ ﻳﺎﻧﺎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻳﺎ ﻋﻴﻮﻥ ﺣﺒﻴﱯ ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻬﺮ ﺩﺑﻼﻧَﺔ
ﺃﻧﺎﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧﺎﺭﻩ :ﺃﺿﺎﺀﻩ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪﺍً ﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺍﶈﺬﻭﻓﺔ ﻛﺎﻷﻏﻨﻴﺔ:
ﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛَﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﻧَﺮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻧﺎﺭ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﺦّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺦّ :ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﻢ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ - ﺍٕﻧﺒﺎﺕ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺧﺎﻧﺸﻴﺨﻮﻥ ﻟﻴﻠﺘﲔ،
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺕ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﺍٕﻧﺒﺨﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲞﺶ :ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﻢ - ﺍٕﻧﺒﺎﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
-ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﺒﺎﺱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺳﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﺒﺨﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲞﻊ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻔﺬﺓ :ﻻﺑﺘﻨﻤﺴۤـﻚ
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻜﻊ ،ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻻﺑﺘﻨﺒﺎﺱ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﺪﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺒﺬﺭ :ﺗﻔﺮﻕ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺟﻌﻠـﻮﺍ ﺍٕﻧﺒﺎﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻝ ﺩﺍﻻً. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﺪﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺣﺮﻛﻮ ﺑﻨﺒﺎﻉ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺃﻧﺒَﺖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺒﺘﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽُ :ﺃﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺖ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﺬﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺬﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﺒﺖّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺒﺖّ :ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﺘﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺒﺘﺮ :ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ.
ﺍٕﻧﱪﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﱪَﻯ :ﺍﻧﺘﺤﺖ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﺚّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﺒﺚّ ﺍﳋﱪُ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﱪﻯ ﻟﺴْﺎﱐ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺣﻜﻲ. ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱُ :ﺗﻔﺮّﻗﻮﺍ.
ﺍٕﻧﱪﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﳌﱪﺩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﻧﺒﻌﺺ ﳌﺎ ﻃﻠﻌﺖ ﺣﻜﺎۤﻳﺘﻮ ﺍٕﻧﺒْﺮٔﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﱪﻡ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺑـﺮﻡ ﺍﳊﺒـﻞَ
ﻛَﺪﺑۤﺔ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺫﺍ ﻃﺎﻗﲔ ﺃﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﰒ ﻓﺘﻠﻪ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﻌﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺒﻌﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ :ﺍﻧﺪﻓﻊ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍٕﻧﺒﺰٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺰﻕ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻻﻧﺒﻎ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺒﻎ ﻓـﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﺍٕﻧﺒٔﺴٔﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻧﺒﺴـﻂ :ﲡـﺮّﺃ ﻭﺗـﺮﻙ
ﻇﻬﺮ. ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺸﺎﻡ ،ﲡﻮّﻝ ﻭﺗﱰّﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺳُﺮّ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﻐﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻐﺘﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺍٕﻧﺒﺶّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺶّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻓﺮﺡ ﺑﻪ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﻐﺾ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻐﺾ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﻧﺒﺸﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﺒﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﻞ ﺑﺎﳌﺒﺸﺮﺓ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺑَﺸَﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺸﺮ ﺑَﺸَﺮﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﻖّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻖ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﺒﺸﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺸﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﻠﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﻒ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﻧﺒﻜﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻜﻊ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﻠﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺒﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ :ﺍﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﻛﻠﻪ. ﺍٕﻧﺒﻜﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻜِﻢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺧﺮِﺱ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺠﻬﻴﺎﻢ[ :ﻻﺗﻨﺒﻠﻖ ﺑﻨﺒﻠﻖ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﻞّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻞّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒَﻠَﻪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﺒﻠﻪ ﳌﺎ ﺷﺎﻑ ﺷﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺴـﻌﻮ
ﻋﻘﻠﻮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻠِﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﻌﻒ ﻋﻘﻠﻪ ﻭﻋﺠﺰ ﺭﺃﻳﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍٕﻧﺒﻠﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻠِﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺑﻠﻪ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﻨَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻨَﻰ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺍٕﻧﺒﻠَﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻠَﺲَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺩُﻫـﺶ ﻭﲢﻴّـﺮ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﺳﻜَﺖ ﻏﻤّﺎً ﻭﺣﺰﻧﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﻬﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻬُﺖ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺩَﻫِـﺶ ﺍٕﻧﺒﻠَﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑٕﻠۤﺶ :ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﻣﻔـﺮﺩﺍﻢ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﺳﻜﺖ ﻣﺘﺤﻴّﺮﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﻬﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺠﻬﻴﺎﻢ[:ﺍﺳﻜﻮﺕ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﺒﻠَﺶ ﻓﻴﻚ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﻌﺠّﺐ.
ﺍٕﻧﺒﻠٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻠّﺼﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺧـﺬﻩ
ﺍﻷٕﻧﺒﻮﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷُﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻳـﻖ: ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺪﻉ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺑُﻠﺒُﻠﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺒﻮﺑﺔ :ﻣﺎﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﺗﲔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺼـﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻨـﺎﺓ،
ﻭﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﺔ :ﳐﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﻨَﻔَﺲ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ. ﺍٕﻧﺒﻠﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﻊ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ.
ﺣﻜﻰ ﱄ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻗﺼّﺎﺏ :ﻳﻮﻡ ﺷﻮﺷﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﻣـﻦ ﰲ
ﻭﰲ "ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ" ﰲ ﺃﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﳊﻮﺽ :ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸـﺒﻴﻪ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺿﺮﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﲏ ﺑﺴﻴﺦ ﺑﺈﻳﺪﻭ ﻣﺖّ ﻟﻠﻮ ﺭﺍﺳـﻮ ،ﻭﺑﻌـﺪﺍ
ﺑﺄﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺐ ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﺟﻮﻑ ﻣﺴﺘﺪﻳﺮﺍً. ﺷﻬﺪﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﺗﻮ ﰲ ﳏﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﻜَﻠﻴﺰ ،ﻭﺟﺎﺑﻮﻩ ﻭﺣـﺎﻛﻤﻮﻩ
ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﻲ ﺪﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﺘﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻟﲑﺓ ﺩﻫـﺐ ﻗﻠـﺖ
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻـﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴـﺐ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﶈﺎﻣﻴّٓﻦ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﲝﻂ ّﻫﺎﻟﺪﻫﺐ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺎﻟﺖ ﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﻭﺷﻄﺎﺭﺗﻚ ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ
ﻗﻀﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺃﻗﺮ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻟﺸﺒﻬﻬﺎ ﺑﻜﻌﻮﺏ
ﺑﺘﺤﺴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﺗﻮ ﲣﻠّﻲ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺗﺎ ﻣﺮﺟْﻮَﺟۤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻳﻨﺒﻠـﻊ
ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﺡ.
ﻣﺎﳌﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻠّۤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺃٕﻟﻚ ،ﻭﻫﻴۤﻚ ﺳﺎﻭﻳۤﻨﺎ ﻭﺧﻠﺼﺖ.
ﺍﻹٕﻧﺒﻴﻖ :ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ "ﺇﻣﺒﻴﻖ" ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻄﲑ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻋﻀﻢ ﲰﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺒﻠﻊ.
ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﻄﲑ ﻣﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﻖ.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﺃﺛﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻧﺜﺖ. ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﻣﺒـﻴﻜﺲ
ﺃﻭ ANBIQﺃﻭ ALAMBIKOS،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ١١٦ﺹ : ١٩١ﻓﻮﺍﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺛﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ .
ﻭﺍﻷٕﻧﺘﺎۤﻱ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ :ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﻪ.
ﻏﲑﻫﺎ. ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻹﻧﺒﻴﻖ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻥ ١٠ﻡ،
ﺍﻹٕﻧﺘﺎﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﻧﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻭﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻟﺪﻳﻮٓﺳﻘﻮٓﺭﻳﺪﺱ ﻭﰲ "ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﻠـﻮﻡ" ﻭﰲ
ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺇﺑﻞ ﻭﺷﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻫﻦ ﺗﻮﺳﻊ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﻧﺘـﺎﺝ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ" ﻟﻠﺮﺍﺯﻱ.
ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻲ. ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ALAMBIC :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺎﻡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺻﺤﻴّﺔ ﻣﺎﺑﻨﺘـﺎﻡ ﻭﺑﺎﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ،ALMBIC :
ﻓﻴّﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃﺑِﻴﻖ.
ﺃٕﻧﺘﺎۤﻱ :ﺃﻭ ﺃٕﻧﺘﺎۤﻳۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃٕﻧﺘَﻰ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻧﱴ.
ﺃٕﻧْﺖ :ﺃﻭ ﺃٕﻧﺘۤﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧْﺖَ :ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺐ
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺒﺎﺭٔﻙ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ :ﺍﷲ ﺍﻧﺘﻌـﺎﱃ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ،ﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ :ﺃﻧْﺖِ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ ﻭﳚﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺴـﺮﺓ
ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻙ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻧﺘﻌﺎﱃ. ﻳﺎﺀ ،ﻭﲨﻌﻪ ﺃَﻧﺘﻢ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃٕﻧﺘﻮ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﱪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﱪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﺭﺗﻔـﻊ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃَﺗۤﻪ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻼﺀ ﺍﺎﺯﻱ.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﺁﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺠﻬﻴﺎﺗﻴﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗﻨٕﺘﺒۤﺮ ﻳٔﺎ ﺷﻔﻨﺎ ﻣﺘﻠﻚ ﻛﺘﲑ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃَﺕ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ :ﺃﻧﺖ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ،
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺒﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺒﺶ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ: ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺟﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳚﻌﻠﻮﺎ ﻻﺯﻣﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻧﺘﺒﺶ ﺍﻟﻘﱪ ﻭﻃـﺎﻟﻌﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺧﺪﻭٓ ﻋﻴﻨَﻚ ﻭﺃﻧﺖ ﻋﻴﻨﻚ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﻋﻴﻨﻚ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﺗﺮﻯ.
ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ :ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺒﺶ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻭﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﺴﺮﻕ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻭﻳﺎﻣـﺎ
ﲢﻄﻢ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ،ﺃﻧﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺯﺭﺕ "ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺓ" ﻣﻦ ﲬﺴﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻭﺯﺭﺗـﺎ ﺃَﻧَﺖ :ﻳﻠﻌﺐ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ :ﺳﻦّ ﻧَﺒَﺖ ،ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺒـﻪ
ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻢ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﺄﻧّﺎ ﺑﻠـﺪ ﺑﺴـﻘﻮﻓﺎ ﺑﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺗـﺎ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ :ﺃَﻧَﺖْ ،ﻇﲏ ﺃﻥ "ﺃﻧَﺖْ" ﻫﺬﻩ ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ ﺍﻷﻧَـﺚ
ﺑﻌﻮﺍۤﻣﻴﺪﺍ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺑﻒ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺭﺍﺡ ﺭﺍﺡ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺒﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺒﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ :ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻘﻆ ،ﻟﻸﻣﺮ: ﺍﻷٕﻧْﺘَﻰ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷٕﻧﺘﺎۤﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷٕﻧﺘﺎۤﻳۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻧﺜﻰ:
ﻓﻄﻦ ﻟﻪ. ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺘﺦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﺦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﲟﻌﲎ ﻧﺰﻋـﻪ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺎﺛِﻲ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺃﻧﺎﺗِﻲ
ﻭﻗﻠﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﺃٕﻧﺘﺎۤﻳﺎﺕ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ "ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ" ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺍﻧﺘﺤﺲ ﺍﳊـﻆّ ّﺃﻭ ﻏـﲑﻩ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺠﻬﻴﺎﻢ[ :ﻻﺗٕﻨﺘٕﺘۤﺮ ﻭﺗٕﻨﺘٕﺮ ﱄ ﺷـﱪﻳﺘﻚ ﺍﷲ
ﺳﺎﺀ. ﻳﺴﺘﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺤﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﺘﺤﻞ ﻓـﻼﻥ ﺍٕﻧﺘﺘﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﺶ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺩّﻋﺎﻩ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻟﻐﲑﻩ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺨﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﳌﺎ ﲰﻊ ﻭﻻﻭﻳـﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﻮﺍﻥ ﺍٕﻧﺘﺘﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﺘﺘﻊ ﺍﳊﻤﻞ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﰲ ﻣﻄﺮﺣﻮ.
ﺍﻧﺘﺨﻰ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺧﺬﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺨﻮﺓ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺨـﻰ ﻣـﻦ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﻊ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻜﻒ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺃﺧـﺬﺍً
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺨﻮﺓ :ﺍﻟﻌَﻈﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜِﱪ. ﺍٕﻧﺘﺘﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺘﻒ ﺍﻟـﺮﻳﺶَ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸَـﻌ َﺮ
ﻭﳓﻮَﳘﺎ :ﻧﺰﻋﻪ .ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻻﺯﻣﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺨﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭﻩ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺘﺘﻒ ﺭﻳﺶ ﺻﺎﺣﺒَﻚ ﺃٔﺑﻮ ﺭﲪﻮ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ ﺍﻣﺒﺎۤﺭﺣﺔ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺨﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻧَﺨِﺮ ﺍﳋَﺸَﺐُ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻢُ ﻭﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ
ﺍﻷﺳﻨﺎﻥُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺗﻔﺘّﺖ ﻭﺍﺋﺘﻜﻞ ﻭﺣَﻔِﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﺘﺜٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﺘﺜﺮ ﺍﳊﺐّ:
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻧﺜﺮ ﺍﳊﺐ :ﺭﻣَﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﺎً.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺨﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺨﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﳔﻠﻪ ،ﺍﺧﺘـﺎﺭ ﺃﻧﺘَﺞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧﺘﺠﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺔ :ﲪﻠﺖ ،ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﻭﻥ
ﺃﻓﻀﻠﻪ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﺗﻰ ﺑﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻣﺎ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺪﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻦ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﺘﺤٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺤﺮ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﻗﺘﻞ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺼﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺢ :ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺢ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺘﺴﻰ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻧﺼﺤﺘﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺤﺖ ﻃﺒﻌﻚ ﺭﺩِﻱ ﺍٕﻧﺘﺴﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺴﺐ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﻪ ،ﺫﻛـﺮ
ﻏﺎﻟﺐ. ﻧﺴﺒﻪ ،ﺍﻋﺘﺰَﻯ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺼﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺮ :ﻏﻠﺐ ﻭﻓﺎﺯ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺼﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺼﻒ ،ﺃﺧﺬ ﺣﻘـﻪ ﻣﻨـﻪ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﺣﱴ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻭﺇﻳﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ ،ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﺳﺘﻮﰱ ﺣﻘﻪ ﻛـﺎﻣﻼ ً، ﺇﱃ ﺣﺰﺏ.
ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ :ﺑﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ ،ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻭﺳﻄﻪ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﺴﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﺘﺴـﺞ
ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏُ :ﻧُﺴِﺞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﻔﺾ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﻔﺾ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ ﻧﻔـﺾ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﻈٔﺎﻡ،
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺣﺮﻛﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺮﻋﻪ ﻟﻴﺰﻭﻝ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳊﻤّـﻰ: ﻣﻨﺘٔﻈٔﻢ.
ﺃُﺭﻋِﺪ.
ﺍﻧﺘﻌﺎﱃَ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ :ﺍﷲ ﺍﻧﺘﻌـﺎﱃ
ﺍٕﻧﺘﻔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﻔﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ :ﺣﺼﻞ ﻣﻨﻔﻌـﺔ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻙ ،ﳛﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺗﺒﺎﺭﻙ.
ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﻌﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻌﺘﻪ :ﻭﺻﻔﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﺘﻘﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﺘﻘـﺎﻩ: ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭﻩ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﻌﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﻌﺶ :ﻧﺸﻂ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺘﻮﺭ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﻘﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﺐ ﺍﳊﺎﺋﻂ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﺘﻌﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﻌﻞ :ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﻘﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝَ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞَ :ﺃﻇﻬـﺮ ﺍٕﻧﺘﻔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻧﺘﻔﻰ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﺗﻨﺤّﻰ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺿﺪّ
ﺛﺒﺖ ،ﻣﻦ ﻭﻟﺪﻩ :ﻧﻔﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﻟﺪﺍً ﻟﻪ ،ﺗﱪّﺃ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﻋﻴﺒَﻪ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﻘﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﳊﺐ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﻔﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺘﻔﻰ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴۤﻠۤﺔ ﻛﻠّﺎ.
ﺍٕﻧﺘﻘﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺶ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺺ ﺧﺎﲤﻪ :ﺃﻣﺮ
ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎّﺵ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﻘﺶ ﻟﻪ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﻪ :ﺍﻟﻔﻨﺘﻜﺠﻲ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﻔﻨﺘﻜﺠﻴﺔ. ﺍٕﻧﺘﻬﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺶ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﺍﺮﺩ ﺸﻪ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺻﻒ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻧﺘﻴﻜﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻘﻠﻮ
ﺃﻧﺘﻴﻜﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭﻭ ﺃﻧﺘﻴﻜﻪ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻒ ﺫﻣّﺎً. ﺍٕﻧﺘﻬﺾ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺾ :ﻗﺎﻡ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺻﻒ ﻣﻘﺘﲎ ﺑﺄﻧﺘﻴﻜﻪ ﻓﻤﺪﺡ ،ﻛﻘـﻮﳍﻢ: ﺍٕﻧﺘﻬﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻜﺘﻪ ﺍﳊﻤّـﻰ ،ﺃﺿـﻨﺘﻪ
ﺳﺪّﺍﺟۤﺔ ﺃﻧﺘﻴﻜﻪ ،ﺟﻨﺎﻕ ﺻـﻴﲏ ﺃﻧﺘﻴﻜـﻪ ،ﺳـﺎﻋﺔ ﺃﻧﺘﻴﻜـﻪ. ﻭﺟﻬﺪﺗﻪ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﳊﺮﻣﺔ :ﱂ ﳛﺘﺮﻣﻬﺎ ،ﺩﻧّﺴﻬﺎ ،ﺗﻨﺎﻭﳍﺎ ﲟـﺎ ﻻ
ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺘﻴﻜﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ،ﻭﺟﺎﺭﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﻮﻥ ﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﳛﻞّ ،ﻋِﺮﺿَﻪ :ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﰲ ﺷﺘﻤﻪ.
ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌُﺘﺤَﻒ.
ﺃٕﻧﺘﻮ :ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠـﻪ ﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻼﻧﺔ ﺃﻧﺘﻴﻜﻪ ﺑﻼ ﲞـﺶ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﻭﺍﻧﱳّ.
)ﳑﺎ ﻳﻐﻠﻰ ﰲ ﺳﻌﺮﻫﺎ ﻏﻠﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ(.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃﺗّۤﻢ ﻟﻠﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﻭﺃﺗّۤﻦ ﻟﻠﻨﺴﻮﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﻻﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺳـﻴﻜَﺎﻩ ﻭﻻ ﻣﻴﻜَـﺎﻩ
ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺃﻧﺘﻴﻜﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧﺘﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﻭﺃﻧﺘﲔ ﻟﻠﻨﺴﻮﺓ )ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﻻ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ( ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺃﻧّﺚ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧّﺚ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ :ﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺆﻧﺜﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻹﳒﺎﺹ ﻟﻐﻴّﺔ ﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺎﻣﻴﺔ. ﺍﻷﳒَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﳒﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳌﺼـﻴﺒﺔ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧﻠﺺ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ :ﺍﻹﳒﺎﺹ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜَﺪﺏ ﺑﻨﺠﱢﻲ ﺍﻟﺼـﺪﻕ
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﺍﻟﻨﺠٔﺎﺹ )ﺑﺎﳉﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﺔ(.
ﺃﳒَﻰ ﻭﺃﳒَﻰ.
ﻭﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ" ﻟﻠﻘﺮﻣﺎﱐ :ﻭﰲ ﺳـﻨﺔ
ﺍٕﳒﺎﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺸِﻲ ﻓﻘـﺎﻟﻮﺍ:
ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻭﺗﺴﻌﻤﺎﺋﺔ ﺑﻴﻊ ﺑﺪﻣﺸﻖ ﲪﻞ ﺍﻹﳒﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﺑﺴـﺒﻌﺔ
ﺍﳒﺎﺏ.
ﺩﺭﺍﻫﻢ.
ﺍٕﳒﺎﺭ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳒﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﺘﲑ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ! :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﰊ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤـﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ
ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻇﻠﻤﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ -ﺱ ٣٢ﺹ :- ٤١٨ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺹ :ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺠـﺪ ﺃﻧـﻪ
ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺜﺮﻯ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻏﻠﻂ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ. ﺍﻹٕﳒﺎﺹ :ﻭﺍﻟﻨْﺠﺎﺹ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻹﺟّـﺎﺹ
ﻭﺍﻹﳒﺎﺹ :ﺷﺠﺮ ﺫﻭ ﲦﺮ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﳐﺮﻭﻃﻲ.
ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﳒـﺎﺹ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻛـﻮﻣَﺘْﺮﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻛﻮﻣﺘﺮَﺍ. ﺭﲰﻪ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ :ﺇﳒﺎﺹ ﻭﺇﳒﺎﺱ.
ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜُﻤّﺜﺮﻯ ﻳﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ .COMÉTRAS ﻭﰲ "ﺗﺜﻘﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﺴـﺎﻥ" ﻟﻠﺼـﻘﻠّﻲ -ﺹ :- ٢٠٣
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺜﺮﻯ :ﺇﳒﺎﺹ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻏـﲑ ﻣﻌـﺮﻭﻑ ،ﺃﻣـﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺟـ ١١ﺹ :١٣٤ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺜﺮﻯ.
ﺍﻹﳒﺎﺹ ﻭﺍﻹﺟّﺎﺹ :ﻟﻐﺘﺎﻥ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺸﻤﺶ.
ﻭﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﳒﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﲰﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً:
ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ.
ﻋﺮﻣﻮﻁ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻟﻺﳒﺎﺹ ﺷﺠﺮ ﺃﲪﺮ ﻣﺘﲔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺻـﻨﺎﻋﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﺑﻄﻌﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺠـﺎﺹ ﻟﻠﻤـﺎﻟﻮ
ﺑﻌﺾ ﺁﻻﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﺎ.
ﺿﺮﺍﺱ.
ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﺇﳒﺎﺹ ﺁﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﺬّ ﲦﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ.
ﺍﻥﻇﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٦ﺹ ٦٤٧ﻭ ﺱ ٩٢ﺹ . ١٩٧ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ١٨
ﺹ ٣٩٤ﻭ. ٣٩٥ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ:
ﺇﻧٕﺠﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﺫﻫﺒﻴﺔ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺹ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺴﻞ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎﺋﻪ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻹﳒﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻨﻘﻮﺵ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ "ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻛﺎﻥ" ﻳﻬﺪﻳﻬﺎ
ﺃﻗﺮﺑﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﻮﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻮﻉ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳐﺪﺓ ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﺍﻹﺟّﺎﺹ ﻭﺍﻹﳒﺎﺹ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﳉـﺎﻫﻠﻲ:
ﲜﺎﻧﺐ ﺳﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ "ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻧﺔ" .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻣﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ. ﰲ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺃﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﳍّﺬَﱄ.
ﺍٕﳒﺒَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟَﺒَﻰ ﺍﳋﺮﺍﺝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺇﺟّٔﺶ )ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﺟﻴﻤﺎً ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺔ(.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳒﻆّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻆﱠ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍٕﳒﺪﺏ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗـﺖ ﺻـﺎﺣ َ
ﺐ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﳒﺪﺏ ،ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳒﺬﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺘﻘﺮﻳﺒﻪ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻭﻥ،
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻃﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﺬﻭﺑﲔ ﺿﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺪ.
ﺍٕﳒﻌٔﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳒﻌَﻰ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻗﻌـﻰ ﰲ
ﺟﻠﻮﺳﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻌﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲨﻊ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻌﺮﺍً ﻭﳓﻮﻩ ﻓﺠﻌﻠﻪ ﺍٕﳒﺬﺏ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳒﺬﺏ :ﺍﻧﺪﻓﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺪّ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﺇﱃ
ﻛﺜﺒﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺍﳒﻌـﻰ: ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺳﻌﻰ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﲢﻮّﻝ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻪ.
ﺻﺎﺭ ﲜﻠﺴﺘﻪ ﻛﻜﺜﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮ ،ﰒ ﺗﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺬﻡ. ﺍٕﳒﺮّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳒﺮّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﳒﺬﺏ.
ﺍٕﳒﻌﺰ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻧﺰﻋﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍٕﳒﺮﺡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮﺣﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗْﺠﻌّۤﺺ :ﺗﻜﺮّﻩ ،ﺗﻘﺰّﺯ )ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻴﻢ
ﺟﻴﻤﺎً ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺔ(. ﺍٕﳒﺮٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮﺵ ﺍﳊﺐّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍٕﳒﻌﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﳒﻌَﻰ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺻﺎﺩ ﺯﺍﺋﺪﺓ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺟْﻌٔﺺ )ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﳉـﻴﻢ ﻣﺼـﺮﻳﺔ(: ﺍٕﳒﺮﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﺣﺘﻘﺮ ،ﺗﻜﺒّﺮ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺟﻠﺲ ﻭﺍﺗّﻜﺄ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳒﻠَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳒﻠﻰ ﺍﳍﻢّ :ﺍﻧﻜﺸﻒ. ﺟـ ١ﺹ ١٥ﻋﻦ ﻭﰲ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ- :
ﺗﺎﻓﺮﻧﻴﺔ ﺟـ ١ﺹ ١٩٣ﺳﻨﺔ ١٦٣٨ﻡ :-ﻗﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﺩ ﺧﺎﻥ
ﺍٕﳒﻠﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳒﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻦ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟـﻼ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻌﺴﺎﻛﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻓﺮﺓ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﳍﺎ ﻭﺗﺮ ﲟﺪﺓ ﺍﺛﲏ
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻒ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺁﺓ :ﺻﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻭﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﳉﻠﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﻗﺎﺻﺪﺍً ﺇﱃ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﶈﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻢ...
ﻫﻨﺎ ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﻢ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﻷﻭﺍﱐ.
)ﻟﻨﺴﻤﻊ ﺗﺎﭬﺮﻳﻨـﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﺎﻟـﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻲ ﻳﺼـﻒ
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﳚﻠﻮﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﺩ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺻـﺎﺎ ﺍﳌﻮﻛﺐ( :...ﻭﻗﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘـﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻣـﻊ ﺃﻟﻔـﲔ ﻣـﻦ
ﳒﺎﺳﺔ ﻏﺴﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴـﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﳌـﺎﺀ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺻﻔﻮﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻭﺛﻴﺎﻢ ﲨﻴﻠﺔ ﲦﻴﻨـﺔ:
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﻳﺪ. ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﻭﻳﻞ ﺍﳊﻤﺮ ،ﺍﳉﻮﺥ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻱ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺴـﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛـﻲ،
ﺍٕﳒﻠﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳒﻠﺐ :ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻕ. ﺍﻟﻘﻤﻴﺺ ﺑﻠﻮﻥ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﻣﻠﻮﻙ ،ﺍﻷﺯﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺒـﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﻯ
ﺍﳌﻄﺮﺯﺓ ﺑﺎﳊﺮﻳﺮ ،ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﺼﻔﺤﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻀﺔ...
ﺍٕﳒﻠﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﺪﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺟـ ١ﺹ ٤٨ﻭ ١٠٣ﺳﻨﺔ ١٧١٤ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭ .
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﰒ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻃﻐﻮﺍ ﻭﺑﻐﻮﺍ ﻭﻗﺘﻠﻮﺍ ﻭﺳﻠﺒﻮﺍ ﻭﺃﺣﺪﺛﻮﺍ
ﺍٕﳒﻠﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺠﻠﺲ ﻓﻴّﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﻔﱳ.
ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﺲ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﺼﻴﺐ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺘﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻂ ﺍﻟـﻮﻓﲑ،
ﺍٕﳒﻠﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﳒﻠﻂ ﻭﻣﺎﺕ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺫﲝﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺴِﻴَﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻃﺮﻭﺵ.
ﺃﺻﺎﺑﺘﻪ ﺍﳉُﻠﻄﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻠﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ :ﺹ ٧ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻤﻮﺭﻳﺔ :ﺹ.١١٨
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳒﻠﻂ ﺑﺴﻤﺎﺭ ﺟﺮﺣـﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻧﻘﻠﻊ. ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ MODERN TRAVELLER :ﻣـﺎ
ﺧﻼﺻﺘﻪ :ﺍﺣﺘﻜﺮ ﺍﻹﻧﭽﻜﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻓﺮﺿﻮﺍ ﺭﺳﻮﻣﺎً ﻋﻼﻭﺓ
ﺍٕﳒﻠﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﻖ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﻋﻦ ﺭﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ،ﻭﺭﺋﻴﺴﻬﻢ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﻻﺗﻘﻞ ﻋـﻦ ٣٠
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ.
ﺃﻟﻒ ﻟﲑﺓ ﺳﻨﻮﻳﺎً ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ٤٠ﺃﻟﻔﺎً.
ﺍﳒﻤﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲨﺪ ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﻭﻟﻜﻲ ﻳﻄﻤﺌﻦ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻭﺣﻪ ﻭﻣﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺴﺒﻪ ﺃﻥ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﲢﺖ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺇﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺩﻳـﻦ
ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺒﲔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﲝـﺮ ﺑﺬﻣﺔ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺣﺼﻠﻪ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﲟﺒﻠﻎ ﺁﺧﺮ.
ﻣﻨﺠﻤﺪ ﴰﺎﱄ ﻭﲝﺮ ﻣﻨﺠﻤﺪ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ .ﺻﻮﺍﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺮ
ﺍﳌﺘﺠﻤّﺪ ...ﻷﻥ ﻓﻌﻞ ﲡﻤﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﲞﻼﻑ ﺍﳒﻤﺪ.
ﺍٕﻧﭽﻠﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﻢ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﻧْﺠﻤَﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲨﻞَ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲨﻌﻬـﺎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﻻﳓﻴﺎﺯ ،ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻻﳓﻴـﺎﺯ، ﺍﻹٕﳒﻴﻞ :ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﳒﻴﻞ :ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺼـﺎﺭﻯ
ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻻﳓﻴﺎﺯ. ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺱ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ :ÉVANGUELIONﺍﻟﺒُﺸـﺮَﻯ ﺃﻱ:
ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﳌﻨﻘﺬ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺢ.
ﺍٕﳓﺎﺹ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺻﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﻴّﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﻑ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﻧﺎﺟﻴﻞ :ﺇﳒﻴﻞ
ﻣَﺘّﻰ )ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﺳﻢ ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ﺃﻟﻔﺎً :ﻣﺘّﺎ( ﻭﺇﳒﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﻗُﺲ ﻭﺇﳒﻴـﻞ
ﺍٕﳓﺎﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﻟﻮﻗﺎ ﻭﺇﳒﻴﻞ ﻳﻮﺣﻨّﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻻﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﻷﺧـﲑﺍﻥ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻣﻦ ﺗﻼﻣﺬﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺢ.
ﺍٕﳓﺎﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺟﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺇﳒﻴﻞ "ﺑﺮﻧﺎﺑﺎ" ﻻ ﺗﻌﺘﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺍٕﳓﺐّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺒّﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﻭﻧْﺠۤﻠﻴﻮٓﻥ )ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﳉـﻴﻢ ﺟﻴﻤـﺎً
ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺔ(.
ﺍٕﳓﺒﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺒﺴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺎﺳﻬﻢ[:
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﺛﻴﺔ[ :ﺍﳓﺒﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻝ. ﻭﺣﻖ -ﻳﺎﺑﺪﺭ! -ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺰّﻝ ﺃَﻧﺎﺟﻴﻠَﻚ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺿﺮﺑﺖ ﺿـﺮﻭﺏ ﺃﻣـﲑ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺇﻥ ﱂ ﺗٕﺠﻴﲏ ﳊﺪّ ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﺖ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺟﻲ ﻟَﻚ
ﺳﺮﻗﺖ ﺳﺮﻭﻕ ﺣﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﳓﺒﺴﺖ ﺍﳓﺒﺲ ﻋﻦ ﺷﻲ ﻛﺘﲑ.
ﻛﻢ ﺑﺖّ ﺳﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻄﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺃَﻧﺎﺟﻲ ﻟﻚ
ﺍٕﳓﺒﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺒﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﺁﻥ ﺭﻣﺖ ﺟﻴﻼً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪﱠﻙ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺟﻴﻠَﻚ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٢ﺹ ٣١٥ﻭﺱ ١٨ﺹ . ٥٠
ﺍٕﳓﺖّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳓﺖّ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕُ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﺠﺮ:
ﺗﻨﺎﺛﺮ. ﺍﻹٕﻧﭻ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻹﻳﻨﺞ.
ﺍٕﳓﺞّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﭽﻚّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﭼﻚ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﻻﳓﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﳉﻨﺴﻲ. ﺍٕﳓﺠﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﳊﺠّﺎﻡُ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺾَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ :ﺱ ١٧ﺹ :٩٧٦ﺍﻻﳓﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﳉﻨﺴﻲ.
ﺍٕﳓﺪّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪّ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﳍﺎ ﺣﺪﺍً ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﺪّ
ﻭﻛﻨﺖُ ﺃﺭﻯ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺎﻛﲔ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ:
ﺍﻟﺴﻜﲔَ :ﺷﺤﺬﻫﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺳﻠّﻢ ﺳﻼﻣﻚ ﻭﺍﻧﺼﺮﻑ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﻗﻔﺎً ﻗﻒ ﻭﺍﳓﺮﻑ
ﺍٕﳓﺪﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣَﺪِﺏ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧـﺮﺝ
ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟـﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘـﻒ ﻫﺬﺍ ﳏﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﺷﻨﺎ ﻇﻬﺮﻩ ﻭﺩﺧﻞ ﺻﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳓﻚّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻚّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﳓَﺸَﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺸﻚ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻉُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻣﺘﻸ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻟﺒﻨﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ :ﺃﻱ ﺍﻣﺘُﻠِﻰﺀ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﻼﺀ.
ﺍٕﳓﻜﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻰ ﺍﳋﱪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳓﺸﻜﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺎۤﻣﻊ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳓﺼٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺼﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋـﺪّﻩ
ﺍٕﳓﻜﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﺶ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲨﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻧُﻜﺖ ﻭﺣُﻔﺮ.
ﺍٕﳓﺼﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺼﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻉَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳓﻜﺶ ﺍﻟﻀـﺮﺱ ،ﺍﳓﻜﺸـﺖ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺃﺣﻮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻉ ،ﺍﳓﻜﺸﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻠّﻮﻋﺔ ،ﺍﳓﻜﺶ ﺍﻟﺒﺒّﻮﺭ.
ﺍٕﳓﺼﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳓﺼﺮ :ﺗﻀﺎﻳﻖ ﻭﺍﳓﺒﺲ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﺣﺘﻘﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺎﺋﻂ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻝ.
ﺍٕﳓﻤﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲪﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﳓﻞّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳓﻠّﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻘـﺪﺓ :ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻀـﺖ،
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺣﻞّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺫﺍﺏ ،ﻛﻤﺎ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺣﻼﻻً ،ﻭﻏﻔﺮ ﻟﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨٕﺤﻤۤﻞ ﻳٔﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﳓﻼﻝ.
ﺍٕﳓﻨَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳓـﲎ :ﺍﻋـﻮﺝّ ﻭﺍﻧﻌﻄـﻒ
ﻭﺗﻘﻮّﺱ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳓﻞّ ﺿﻬﺮﻭ ،ﺍﳓﻞّ ﺯﻧﺎﺭﻭ ،ﺍﳓﻠّۤﺖ
ﺩﻛّﺘﻮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺧﺸﺐ ﺍﻟﺪٕﻟﺐ :ﻻ ﺑـﻨﺤﲎ
ﻭﻻ ﺑﻨﺘﲎ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﳓﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ،ﺍﳓﻼﻝ
ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ.
ﺍٕﳓﻮٔﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ :ﺍﳓﻞّ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎﳋﻄﺎﻳﺎ.
ﺍٕﳓﻮٔﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣَﻮِﻟﺖ ﻋﻴﻨُﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﳓﻠﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳓﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻕُ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟـﺪﻣﻊُ ﺃﻭ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓﻤُﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻳﻖ :ﺳﺎﻝ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ
ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺓ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ :ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﺎﰲ ﺿﺮﻋﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ.
ﺍٕﳔﺎٔﺽ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﺽ ﺍﳌﺎﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﳓﻠﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﺞ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻦ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳔٔﺎﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﳓﻠﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﺲ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ ﺍﻷﺑـﻴﺾ
ﺑﻨﺨﺎﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ. ﺍٕﳓﻠﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﻒ ﳝﻴﻨﺎً )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳔﺒٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﱪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﺍٕﳓﻠﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳔﺒﺰ :ﰲ "ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ" :ﺍﳔﺒﺰ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺧُﺒﺰﺍً.
ﺍٕﳓﻢّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻢّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍٕﳔﺒٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺒﺺ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳓﻤَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣَﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍٕﳔﺒٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺒﻄﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ .ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺗﻌﻜﺮ ﺍﳌـﺎﺀ ﻭﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺍﺷﺘﺪّ ﺍﳌﺮﺽ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳓﻤﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺿﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻷﻛﻞ.
ﺍﳔﺒﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺒﻠﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻓﺴﺪ ﻋﻘﻠﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍٕﳓﻤﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲪﺪﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﺑﺸﻌﺮ ﲪﺼﻲ ﻳﺮﺛﻲ ﺃﺑـﺎﻩ -ﻛﻤـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗٕﺘﻌﺸّﻰ ﻭﺗﻨﺎﻡ ﺑﺘﻨﺨﺒﻞ.
ﺭﻭﻯ ﺣَﻤَﻮﻱ :-
ﺍٕﳔﺘﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺘﻠﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧﺪﻋﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﻳﺎ ﺃﻫﻞ ﲪْﺺ! ﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﰊ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢُ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺩﺏِ ﺍٕﳔﺘﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﻗﻊّ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ
ﲞﺘﻤﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻓﺮﻍ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺎﺀَ :ﺳـﺪّ
ﻳﺎ ﺭﲪﺔ ﺭﺑّﻲ! ﺍﳔﺮﻃﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﲔ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﳔﺮﺍﻁ ﺍﻟﺪﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳔﺘﻢ ﺍﳌﺼﺤﻒ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺣﻜﻰ ﱄ ﻣﻮﻇﻒ ﻗﺪﱘ ﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ
ﺍٕﳔﺠٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺠﻖ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺭﺷﺎﺩ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻛﺘﲑ ﺃﻭٔﺍﻗﻴﺖ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻣﺎ ﻋﻨّﺎ ﺷٕﻐﻞ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻫﺎﻟﻜَﻢ ﻣﺄﻣﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺗﻨﺎ ﳒﺘﻤﻊ ﻭﳕﺰﺡ ﻣـﻊ
ﺑﻌﻀﻨﺎ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻔﻘﺲ ﻛﻴﻔﻨﺎ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣـﺄﻣﻮﺭ -ﺃﷲ ﺍٕﳔﺠﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻳﺮﲪﻮ -ﺍٕﲰﻮ ﻛﺎﻇﻢ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺮﺑﻮﻁ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺮﻑ ﻟـﻴﺶ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻛﻨﺎ ﳒﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﳌﺰﺡ ،ﻷﻧﻮ ﲝﻤﻞ ﻣﺰﺡ ﺇﻻ ﻷﻧﻮ ﻫﻮّۤﻩ ﻛـﺎﻥ
ﻃﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺰﻋَﻞ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻃﺮﺑﻮﺷﻮ ﺍﳌﺎﻫﻮ ﻣﻘﺸﺶ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻔٕﻘﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺨﺠﻞ ﻣﻨﻮٓ.
)ﻟﺴّﻊ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻃﻠﻌۤﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺸﻴﺶ( ﺩﺍﳝﺎً ﻭﺃﺑﺪﺍً ﳐـﺮﻭﻁ ﺍٕﳔﺪﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺪﺷﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻟﻨﺺّ ﺃﺩﻧﻴﻪ ﺑﻞ ﻟﻘﺮَﻡ ﺃﺩﻧﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﻗﻤﻨـﺎ ﻭﺧﺮﻃﻨـﺎﻟﻮ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻫﺎﻟﻄﺮﺑﻮﺵ ﻭﻛﺒﺴﻨﺎﻩ ﻭﺷﺪﻳﻨﺎﻩ ﺣﱴ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺳﻘﻔﻮ ﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ
ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳛﻠﻘﻮ ،ﻭﳓﻨۤﻪ -ﻳﺎﻣﺮﺣﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺒَﻲّ -ﻋﻢ ﻧﻀﺤﻚ ﻭﻛٔﻪْ ﺍٕﳔﺪﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳔﺪﻉ :ﺍﻧﻐﺶّ.
ﻛٔﻪْ ﻛٔﻪْ ﻭﻛِﻪْ ﻛِﻪْ ﻛِﻪْ ﻭﺍﻻ ﺍﻧﺪﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻣﺎۤﻛﻦ ﻭﺍﻻّ ﺍﳋﺬ ﻣﺘﭽﻲ
ﺍٕﳔﺪﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺪﻣﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻋﻢ ﺑﺼﻴﺢ :ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺶ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ،ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺶ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﻭﺻـﻞ ﻟـﺪﺭﺝ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﻱ .ﻭﺣﺎﻻً ﺗﻠﻤﻠﻤۤﺖ ﺍﻟﻀﺤﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﻌﻮﺍ ﺑﻘـﺎ ﻭﻃـﺎﻟﻌﻮﺍ
ﻫﺎﻟﻄﺮﺑﻮﺵ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺍﺱ ﻛﺎﻇﻢ ﺁﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﺍﳋﺮﺑﻄﻠـﻲ ،ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺑـﻮﺵ ﺍٕﳔﺬﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺬﻟﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺣﻠﻒ ﺃﻟﻒ ﳝﲔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻄﻠﻊ ،ﻧﺎۤﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺸﺪﻭ ﻭﻧﺎۤﺱ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻣﻦ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﲔ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺪﻓﺸﻮ ﻭﻣﺴﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـﺮﻳﺶ ﺍﻧﻘﺮﻓـﺖ،
ﻭﺭﻓﻴﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﺳﻌﺪ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ ﻣﺴﻮﺍۤﻛﻮ، ﺍٕﳔﺮﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺧﻔﺖ.
ﺍٕﳔﻤﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲬﺶ ﻭﺟﻬَﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﳔﻔﻀﺖ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳔﻔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻔﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍٕﳔﻨﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳔﻨﺲ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﺗﺄﺧﺮ ﻭﲣﻠّـﻒ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ .ﻭﻏﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﲢﺮﻳـﻚ ﻣـﺎﺋﻊ
ﻭﺍﻧﻘﺒﺾ. ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻭﰲ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺐ ﺍﳊﻤّﺺ.
ﺍٕﳔﻨﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻨﻊ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺧﺮﺟَﻚ ﺗٕﺨﻔٓﻖ ﺣٕﻤّٓﺺ ﺑَﺲْ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳔﻠَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍٕﳔﻨﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳔﻨﻖ :ﺍﺧﺘﻨﻖ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺧﻼ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ.
ﺍٕﳔﻮٔﺕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﺕ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﳔﻠﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﺠﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣﺮّﻛـﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻛَـﻞ ﻇُـﻮﻅ ﺟﺤـﺶ ﺍٕﳔﻠﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻂ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(
ﻭﺍﳔﻮٔﺕ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳔﻮٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﺷﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻃﻌﻨﻪ ﺑـﺎﻟﺮﻣﺢ ﺍٕﳔﻠﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳔﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻧﺘُﺰِﻉ ﻭﺯﺍﻝ ﻋﻦ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ .ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ.
ﻃﻌﻦ ﻃﻌﻨﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳔﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ،ﺍﳔﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﻀـﺮﺱ،
ﺍٕﳔﻮٔﻝ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﳔﻴﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺍﳔﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ.
ﻇﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻔﻘﲑ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧـﺪﻟﻊ ﻣﺘـﻞ ﺑـﺎﺏ
ﺍﻷﻧﺪَﻯ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪِﻱ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ ﻭﻏـﲑُﻩ ﺍﳋﺎﺭۤﺝ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﳔﻠﻊ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺑﺘﻞّ.
ﺍٕﳔﻠﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻔﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻋﻮﺿﺎً ﻋﻨﻪ
ﺃﻧﺪٔﺍﺧﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺮﻣـﻲ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺎﻡ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺬﺍﺋﻒ.
ﺍٕﳔﻠﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ﺍﷲ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺍﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲢﺮﻙ ﺣﻮﻝ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﳏﻮﺭﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺎﺭ ﰒ ﻋﺎﺩ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳔﻢّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻢّ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡُ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻳﺎﺭ ﻫـﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺠﻠـﻚ ﻭﺍﻧـﺪﺍﺭ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﺧﻢّ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ.
ﻣﺎﻋْﺪٕﻣﺘَﻚ ﻳﺎﻟﺴﺎۤﱐ! ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺗَﻚ ﺑﺘﻨﺪﺍﺭ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺡّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺣّﻪ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﻧﺪﺍﻙ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺩﺍﻛﻮ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺪ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﳏﻤﺪ ﳌﺎ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻙ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟٓﻦ :ﻫﺎﺗﻮﺍ ﻋﻄﻮﱐ .ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﻣﺼـﺪﺭﺍً،
ﻭﻧﻈﻦ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺎﳌﺨﺎﺻـﻤﺔ ﻓﻌـﻞ ﺩﺍﻛَـﻪُ
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺣﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺣﺮﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﻟﻠﺨﺼﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺩﺍﻙ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺍﻥ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻮ ﺗﻌﺒﺎﻧۤﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﺪﺍﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺣﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺣﺶ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﻣﻦ ﺩﺍﻧﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻗﺮﺿﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺏّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺩﺑّﻮ ﻋﻀﻬﺮﻭ ﻭﳌﺎ ﺍﻧﺪﺏ ﺻﺮﺥ
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺣﺾ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﺪﺣﺾ
ﻣﻦ ﻗﺤﻒ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺏ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﻟﱪﻫﺎﻥ :ﺑﻄﻞ ﻭﺯﺍﻝ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺣﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﲪﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺑَﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺩﰉ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺮﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟـﺪﺑّﺎۤﻥ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺃﻛْﻞ ﺍﻧﺪﰉ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻻﺯۤﻡ ﻳٕﻨﻜﺐّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﰉ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻷﻧﺪﺭ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪَﺭَ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻋِﻞ.
ﻗﻞّ ﺣﺪﻭﺛﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻩ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺑﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺫﺑﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺓ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺭٔﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺫﺍﳍﺎ ﺩﺍﻻً .ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻗﺎﺳﻰ ﻭﺗﺄﱂ :ﺍﻧﺪﺑَﺤﺖ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺷﺘﻐﻞ ﻟﺒﻼﺩﻱ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ
؟.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺭٔﺝ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﺪﺭﺟۤﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﳝۤﺔ ﺍﳉﺪﻳـﺪﺓ ﰲ
ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﺭﺝ ﰲ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺩﺧﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺍٕﻧﺪﺑﻎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﺑﻎ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺩﺑﻎ ﺍﳉﻠﺪ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺭٔﺥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭﺥ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﺍٕﻧﺪﺑﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺑﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺒﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺮﻣﺎﻱ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺭٔﺯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭﺯ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧﺎﻃﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍٕﻧﺪﺑَﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩَﺑَﻠﻮٓ ﺩﺑﻠﺔ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻓَﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻓﺲ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﺪﺭﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺫﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒُﻌﺪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﻗﺎﺳـﻪ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺑﺎﻟﺬﺭﺍﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻝ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻓَﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻓﺶ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍﻷﻧﺪﺭﻳﺲ :ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺮّﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼـﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺷـﻮﻑ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻳﻄﺒﺦ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺤﻢ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻓﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻞُ :ﺩﻓـﻊ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻪ ﺃﻧﺪﺭﻳﻦ :ﺧﺮﺍﺑﺔ ﺷﺮﻗﻲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻃﻼﻝ ﻣﺰﻳﻨـﺔ
ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﻣﻀﻰ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱُ ﰲ ﺳﲑﻩ :ﺃﺳﺮﻉ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ ﰲ ﺑﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﺔ ،ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﰲ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﺑﻦ ﻛﻠﺜﻮﻡ ،ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﰲ
ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ :ﺃﻓﺎﺽ. ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺰﻧﻄﻲ .ANDRONA :ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺣﺖ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺿـﺮﺏ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺑـ "ﺍﻷﻧﺪﺭﻳﻦ".
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﻓﺎﻉ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻓﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﻓﻖ :ﺍﻧﺼﺐّ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻓﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﻓﻦ :ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺮ ﻭﺗﻮﺍﺭﻯ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺱّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﺱّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺃُﺩﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺷﻲﺀ
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻕّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﻕّ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺩﻗّﻪ :ﻛﺴـﺮﻩ، ﺁﺧﺮ ﻭﺃُﺧﻔﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏَ :ﻗﺮﻋﻪ ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻧﻮﺷﻢ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﺷﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺩﺷﺮ
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻗﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻗﺮ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﳘﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﻪ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻋٔﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﺪﻋﻰ ﺃﻧّﻮ ﺣﻀﺮﺗﻮ ﻃﺒﻴـﺐ
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻙّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﻙّ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺩﻛّﻪ :ﺩﻓﻌﻪ. ﻧﻔﺴﺎﱐ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻧﺪﻋﻰ ﺃﻧّﻮ ﺃﻣّﻲ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺩّﻋﻰ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻛٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﻧﺪﻋﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺫﺍﳍﺎ ﺩﺍﻻً. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻷﻧﺪﻝ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺬُﻝ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳﻘﻂ ﺍٕﻧﺪﻋﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﻚ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﰲ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺩِﻳﻦ ،ﺳﻔُﻞ ،ﺃﺑﺪﻟﺖ ﺫﺍﳍﺎ ﺩﺍﻻً. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻝّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﻝّ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺩﻟّﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻻﳓﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً.
ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺃﺭﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﻫﺪﺍﻩ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻋﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﻤﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻟَﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧﺪﻟﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺧﻔﻲ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻷﻧﺪﻟﺴﻲّ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ :ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮﻱ ،ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﳓﻮ ﺍٕﻧﺪﻏٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻏﻰ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺻﺎﺕ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ
ﺛﻼﺛﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٧٧٩ﻫـ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃَﺯْﻫَﺮَﻩ :ﺍﻹﻧﺬﺍﺭ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻔﻘﲑ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧـﺪﻟﻊ ﻣﺘـﻞ ﺑـﺎﺏ
ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺝ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﳔﻠﻊ.
ﺍٕﻧﺬﻛٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﺪﻛﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍٕﻧﺪﻟﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﻟﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺧـﺮﺝ ﻣـﻦ
ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻞُ :ﺍﻧﺪﻓﻊ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺫﻛﺮﻭﺍ ﺣﺎﺩﺛﺎً ﻣﻔﺠﻌﺎً ﻗـﺎﻟﻮﺍ:
ﻳﻨﺬﻛۤﺮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﻌﺎﺩ. ﺍٕﻧﺪﻟﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻓﺮﻛـﻪ
ﻭﺩﻋﻜﻪ ﻭﻏﻤﺰﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺬﻫﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺫَﻫَﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﻋﻨـﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﻧﺴﻴﻪ ،ﺳﻼﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﺪﻣﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ:
ﺩﺧﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ[ :ﻧﺒﻬﺖ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻧﺬﻫﻞ ﱂ ﻳُﺤﻚَ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ،ﻭﺃﺛﺮﺕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻋـﻦ ﺍٕﻧﺪﻣَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺪﻣﻞ ﺍﳉُﺮﺡ :ﲤﺎﺛﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﱪﺀ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻥ ﺗﻌﺰﻭ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺗﻜﺮﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻧﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻲ ﺑﺪﻧّۤﻖ ﻭﺷﻲ ﺑﻨﺪﻧۤﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ:
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺍﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻧﻖ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻫﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﻃﺌﻪ ،ﺩﺍﺳـﻪ
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺍﻍ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﳊﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﻧﺮﺍﻍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﲔ: ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻫﺎﺀ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭٓﻏﺔ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻫﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻫِﺶَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲢﻴّـﺮ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺑﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑﺢ ﰲ ﲡﺎﺭﺗﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻫٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻫﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺑٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻫﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻃٔﻴﺒۤﺔ ﻫﺎﻟﻜﺒّۤﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻴّۤـﺔ ،ﻛﻨﱢـﻲ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳊﻴۤﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻨﺮﺑﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺳﻨﻮٓ ﻭﺍﻹٕﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﺪﻫﻜۤﺖ ﻛﺘﲑ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﻭﺍﳉﻮﺯ؟.
ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻮٓ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺗﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺗﺎ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳍﺎﺀ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻫﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻫﻨﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺗﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺗﻖ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻭٔﺥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺍﺥ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺝّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺝّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻫﺰّﻩ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺪﻭٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭٔﺵ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺳﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍٕﻧﺮﺟﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻉ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﻘﻠﻪ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺪﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺵّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺵّ ﺍﳌﺎﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﺮﺟﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺟﻊ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺷَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺷﺎﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﻧﺮﺟﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺟﻒ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺷﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭَﺷَﺪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻫﺘﺪﻯ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎﻡ ﺍٕﻧﺮﺟﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﲨﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺷٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺷﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻬﺎﻡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺭﻣـﺎﻩ ﺍٕﻧﺮﺣٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﲪﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ .ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻟﺮﻣـﻲ ﺯﻫـﺮ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺧٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺧﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺷﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺷﻢ ﺑﻴﺪﺭ ﺍﳊﻨﻄـﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺧﺘﻤﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮَﻭﺷﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺩّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺩّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺹّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺹّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺩﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺩﻋﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ ﰲ ﺍﻟـﺮﺍﺱ ) :ﺭﺍﺱ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻷﺭﻛَﻴﻠۤﺔ(.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺩﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺩﻓﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﺒﻌﻪ ،ﺭﻛـﺐ
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺻﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺻﺪﻩ :ﺭﻗﺒﻪ ،ﻭﺭﺻﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺒﻠﻐـﺎً: ﺧﻠﻔﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺧﺼّﺺ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺩﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺜُﻠﻤﺔَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺽّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺿّﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺩﻗّﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺫﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺫﻟﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻻﺯﺭﻗﺎﻕ ﺍﳉﺴﻢ ﺇﺛﺮ ﺿﺮﺏ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﺿﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺿِﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﺮﺯّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺯّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺮَﺯّﺓ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﻃﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻃﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﻭﺯﻧـﻪ ﺍٕﻧﺮﺯﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺯﻗﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺑﺎﻷﺭﻃﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﻛﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻛﻦ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﺮﻏٔﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻏﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﻛَﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻛَﺪ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﻧﺮﻏٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻏﻤﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺴﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﻡّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻣّﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻔﻬﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍٕﻧﺮﻓﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻓﺴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﻣَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻣﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﺮﻓﺾ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻓﺾ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﻣﺰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻣﺰ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﻭﺃﻭﻣـﺄ ﺍٕﻧﺮﻓﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺿﺪ ﻭﺿﻌﻪ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻧـًﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﰲ ﺍﻠﺲ :ﻗﺪّﻣﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﰲ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺘﻪ :ﺧﺒّـﺄﻩ ،ﻭﺍﻟـﺰﺭﻉَ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺪﺭ :ﲪﻠﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ "ﺃﺯﺍﻝ"،
ﺍٕﻧﺮﻥّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻧّﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻـﻮﺗﺖ
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﻕّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﻕّ ﺍﳋﺒﺰَ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍٕﻧﺮﻫﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﻗﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻗﺺ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﺮﻭٔﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺮﻗﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﺰﺍﺡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺰﺍﺡ :ﺯﺍﻝ ،ﺗﺒﺎﻋﺪ ﻭﺫﻫـﺐ،
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺜﺎﻡُ :ﺍﻧﻜﺸﻒ.
]ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﻫﺎ[ :ﺍﻧﺮﻗﻊ ﺻﺮﻣٔﺎﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺍﺳﻮٓ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﺍﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺍﺩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﺮﻗﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﺍﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺍﺭﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺰﳌﺔ ﺍﻧﺮﻗﻢ ﻋﻨّﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑٔﻘﻰ ﻳﺮﻭ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﺍﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺭﺍﺯ ﺛﻘﻠـﻪ ﺍٕﻧﺮﻛﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻛﺐ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﺑﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺰﺑﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺩﺧﻞ ﻓﻴـﻪ، ﺍٕﻧﺮﻛﺰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺢ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻧﺰﺑﻖ ﻣﻨّﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻫﺮﺏ ﻛﺎﻟﺰﺋﺒﻖ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺑﱰﻋۤﻞ ﻣﻨّﻮ. ﺍٕﻧﺰﺡّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺣّﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﳓّﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﻏٔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰَﻏَﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻟﻐـﺶ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﺰﺣﻂ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻧﺴﺤﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻳـﺪﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﺍﳕﻠﺺ ﻓﺴﻘﻂ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﻑّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣـﻦ ﺯﻑّ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﻭﺱ ﺇﱃ ﺯﻭﺟﻬـﺎ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻫﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﺰﺣﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺣﻒ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﻕّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻕّ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮُ ﻓﺮﺍﺧَﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﺰﺣﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺣﻚ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺰﻗّۤﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ :ﺃﺻـﻞ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ :ﺣﱴ ﺍﻧﺰﻗﻤﺖ. ﺍٕﻧﺰﺣﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﲪﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺩﺍﻓﻌﻪ ﰲ ﳏـﻞ
ﺿﻴّﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﻕّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﺰﻕّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺭﲤﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ،
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻕّ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﺰﺣﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﺤَﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺩﻗّﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺳﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺯﺍﻳﺎً.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﻗﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻗﻤﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﻘﻤﻪ ﻭﺍﺑﺘﻠﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ .ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻻﻧﺰﻗﺎﻡ ﻻﻧﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﺍـﺮﻯ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﻗﺘﻠۤﺔ ﺍﻧﺰﺣﻨﺖ ﻋﻀﺎﻣﻮ.
ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﻠﻊ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﻓﺎﻧﺴﺪّ ﳎﺮﺍﻩ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻧﺰﻕ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﺧﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﲬﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺩﻓﻌﻪ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻧﺰﻛَﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻛَﻂ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟـﺪﻓﻊ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺲ.
ﺃَﻧﺰَﻝ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧﺰﻟﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﱰﻝ ،ﺃﻧﺰﻟﻪ ﻣﱰﻟﺔ ﻓﻼﻥ: ﺍٕﻧﺰﺭﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺭﻉ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺭﺗﺒﺘﻪ ﻭﺩﺭﺟﺘﻪ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻞُ :ﺃﻟﻘﻰ ﻣﺎﺀَﻩ ،ﺃﻧﺰﻟـﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺣﻜﻤﻪ :ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻜﻤﻪ ،ﺃﻧﺰﻟﻪ :ﺃﺿﺎﻓﻪ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﺭﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺭﻙ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﲝﻜﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺃﷲ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺃﻧﺰﻻ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﻋﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺰﻋﺞ :ﻗَﻠِﻖ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﻟﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻟﻂ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ "ﺍﳌﺼﺒﺎﺡ" :ﻻ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻣـﻦ ﻟﻔـﻆ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ :ﻓﻼ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﻓﺎﻧﺰﻋﺞ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﻞ :ﻟﻮ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺻﻮﺍﺑﺎً.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﻟﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯَﻟَﻘﺖ ﻗﺪﻣﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺍﰊ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺍﻧﺰﻋﺞ ﺇﱃ :ﺍﳒﻌﺰ.
ﺇٕﻧﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻧﺲ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺸَﺮ. ﺍٕﻧﺰﻣﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻣﻂ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﺴﻤﻂ ﻭﺍﻧﺼﻤﻂ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﻤﻂ.
ﻋﺮﻕ ﺍﻷٕﻧﺴﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻋﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨَﺴﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﺮﻕ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮِﺭﻙ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺐ ،ﻳﻌﺘﺮﻳﻪ ﻣﺮﺽ ﻓﻴﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺮﺽ ﺑﺎﺳـﻢ ﺍٕﻧﺰﻣﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻣﻊ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻕ ﻫﺬﺍ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺇﱃ :ﻋﺮﻕ ﺍﻷﻧﺴَﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﺰﻧَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯَﻧَﻰ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﻋﺮﻕ ﺍﻷﻧﺴَﺮ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﻫﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻫﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍٕﻧﺴﺎﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑﺔ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﺴﺎﻕ ﺑﻔﺮﺩ ﻋﺼﺎﻳۤﺔ. ﺍٕﻧﺰﻫٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻫﻖ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﺄﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺄﻟﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﺰﻭٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺰﻭﻯ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳـﺔ،
ﺗﻘﺒّﺾ ،ﺍﻧﻘﺒﺾ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﺎﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻌﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺰﻭﺍﺀ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﺎﻡ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ :ﺍٕﻧﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻫﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍٕﻧﺰﻭﺝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
"ﺳْﻴٓﻢ" ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺃﻱ :ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻷﺳﻘﻒ ﻳﺪﻩ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮﲰﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺰﻭٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺯَﻭٔﺭ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﻹٕﻧﺴﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ :ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﻔﻜـﺮ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻧـﺚ :ﺇﻧﺴـﺎﻧَﺔ،
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ ﻭﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ. ﺍٕﻧﺰﻳٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﺰﻳٔﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻛﺘﲑ ﲞﺎﻑ ﻳﻄـﻖّ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺿُﻐِﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰِﻳﺎﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ -
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
INSANI ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ: ﺃٕﻧْﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷ ُﻧْـﺲ ﻭﺍﻹﻧْـﺲ :ﺫﻫـﺎﺏ
ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.INSAN : ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺸﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺇۤﻧٓﺶ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﺐّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒّﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ :ﻧِﺸُﻮ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﳊﺒﺸﺔ :ﺃَﻧَﺶ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[:
ﻭﺑﲎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﳊﺎﺝ "ﺗﺄﻧﺴـﻦ"
ﺇٕﻥ ﺳَﺒﱠﲏ ﺍﻟﻨﺬﻝ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺗَﻴﻨﺴَﺐّ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻧﺎً.
ﻭﺍﻥ ﻋﻀّﲏ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ-ﺃﺵ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ-؟ ﺃﻋـﺾ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺇﻧﺴﺎﱐ ،ﻋﻤﻞ ﺇﻧﺴﺎﱐ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ
ﻭﰲ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳـﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻐـﺪﺍﺩﻱ -ﺹ -١٢١
ﺍٕﻧْﺴَﺒَﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻘﻠٓﻮ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ :ﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﺍﻧﺴَﺒَﻰ ﲝﺴﻨﺎ ﻳﻬﺠﻮ:
ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑٔﻘٔﻰ ﻳٕﺼﺒٓﺮ ﻋﻠﻴّﺎ ،ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﺒَﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭﱠ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺳـﺮﻩ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱَ ﻗﺪ ﺳُﺒّﻮﺍ ﻣﱴ ﺳُﻤﻴّﺖَ ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻧﺎً
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺩﰐ ﺗٕﻨﺴﺒِٕﻲ ﺳـﻠﻄﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻜـﻲ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﻟﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﺈﻧﺴﺎﻥ .ﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺻﱯ. ﺷﺎﺥ ﺑﺸﻴﺦ ﺭﺯﻗﻮٓ ﻣﻌﻮٓ .ﺍﳊﻴۤﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻨﺮﺑﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺳﻨﻮ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻥ
ﻣﻦ ﻟﺴﺎۤﻧﻮ )ﻭﺳﺎﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴـﻪ ﰲ ﺳـﻮﺭﻳﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺳﺒﺎﱐ ﺣﺴﻨﻮٓ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ( .ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻘﻔـﺮﻭ
ﺍﳋﺒّﺎﺭ ﻭﰲ ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﻘﻔﺮﻭ ﻛﻞ ﺇﻧﺴـﺎﻥ .ﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﻛّـﺐ
ﺍٕﻧﺴﺒﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﻘﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻣﺎﻟﻨﺴﻴﺎﻥ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻹٕﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻌﻠّﻢ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻴﺴﻮ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﺒﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺴـﺒﻚ ﺍﳌﻌـﺪﻥُ :ﺫ ُﻭّﺏ
ﻛﻞ ﺇٕﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺷﻴﻄﺎﻧﻮ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺑﻌﺒّﻮ .ﺍﻹٕﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﻘﻠـﺐ ﺣﻈّـﻮ
ﻭﺃُﻓﺮﻍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ.
ﺑﻨﻘﻠﺐ ﻋﻘﻠﻮ .ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﻮ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﺘٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺴﺘﺮ :ﺗﻐﻄّﻰ ،ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺮ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٧٥ﺹ : ٢٥ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ .
ﺍٕﻧﺴﺠﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺠﺪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ :ﺱ ٧ﻋﺪﺩ ٢ﺹ : ٧٣ﻋﻤﺮ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ٨ﻋﺪﺩ ٩ﺹ : ٥٣ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺱ٢٢
ﻋﺪﺩ ٩ﺹ : ٣٧ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﻋﺠﺐ ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩ .
ﺍٕﻧﺴﺠَﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺴﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡُ :ﺍﻧﺘﻈﻢ.
ﺍﻹٕﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴّﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴّﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﻠﻘﺎﻢ[ :ﻓـﻼﻥ ﻣﻨﺴـﺠۤﻢ ﻣﻌﻨـﺎ ﻭﳓﻨۤـﻪ
ﺍﺧﺘﺺّ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﶈﺎﻣﺪ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻒ.
ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻤﲔ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺃﷲ ﻳﺪﱘ ﺻﺤﺒﺘﻨﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ:
ﺍٕﻧﺴﺤٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺴﺤﺐ :ﺍﳒﺮّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻪ
ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺖ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﺗﺮﻙ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ﻭﺗﺮﺍﺟﻊ.
ﺍﻷﻧﺴﺐ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﻪ :ﺫﻛﺮ ﻧﺴـﺒﻪ،
ﺭﻓﻊ ﻧﺴﺒﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺟﺪّﻩ ﺍﻷﻛﱪ ،ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ :ﺗﻐﺰّﻝ ﲟﺤﺎﺳﻨﻬﻦ .ﻭﻫﻢ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻷﻭﻓﻖ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻌﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻌﻔﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﻀـﻰ ﻟـﻪ ﺍٕﻧﺴﺨﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﺨِﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻒّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻒّ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺀَ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍٕﻧﺴﺨﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﺨِﻂ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻔﻖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺴﻔﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏُ :ﺍﻧﻄﺒـﻖ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺍٕﻧﺴﺪّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺴﺪّ :ﺃُﻏﻠِﻖ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﻟُﻄِﻢ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﺮّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺮّﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻔﻚ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺴﻔﻚ ﺍﻟﺪﻡُ :ﺍﻧﺼﺐ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻘٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻘﺎﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﻧﺴﺮﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺮﻕ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻘﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻘﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍٕﻧﺴﻄٔﻰ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺑﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻧﺼﻄﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺳﻄﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻘﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳُﻘِﻢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﻧﺴﻄٔﺢ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺑﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻧﺼﻄﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﺴﻄﺢ :ﺍﻣﺘﺪّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻔﺎﻩ ،ﺍﻧﺒﺴﻂ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻚّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻚّ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳﺪّﻩ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍٕﻧﺴﻄٔﺮ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺑﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻧﺼﻄﺮ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻣـﻦ
ﺳﻚّ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ :ﺃﺩﺧﻠﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺳﻄﺮﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻃﻮﺭ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻄﻊ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺑﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻧﺼﻄﻊ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻜﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺴﻜﺐ ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ :ﺍﻧﺼﺐّ. ﺳﻄﻊ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺷﻲ ﺗﻠﺖ ﲨﻊ ﺍﲰﺎﻉ ﻭﺷﻮﻑ ﻣﺮﺗـﻮ ﻋـﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺣﺎﻟۤﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺴﻜۤﺖ ﻋﻠﻴّﺎ.
ﺑﺘﻔﻴﻘﻮٓ :ﻗُﻮﻡ ﻗﻮﻡ ﲪﺪﻭ ،ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺎﻗﻠﺖ ﻟﻠﻚ ﻣﺎﻣﻨّﺎ ﻫﺎﳊﻮﺵ ﻗـﻮﻡ
ﻭﺷﻮﻑ ﺍﳉﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺃٔﺭﺽ ﺍﳊﻮﺵ ﺷﻮﻓٓﻦ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻚ ﻗﻮﻡ )ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻝ ﺍٕﻧﺴﻜﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜﻦ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻟﻮ ﺑﺸﻮۤﻳﺸﻮۤﻱ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺮﺟﻒ(. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻓﺘﺢ ﲪﺪﻭ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ﻭﺯَﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎۤﻑ ﻭﻃﻠّﻊ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺭﺍ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﳊﻮﺵ ﻣﺴـﻜﻮﻧﺔ )ﺃﻱ :ﻣـﻦ
ﺑﻠﻮﺭ ﻗﺎﻋﺘﻮ ﺍﳌﺴﻜﺮﺓ ﺷﺎﻑ ﺗﻼﺗۤﺔ ﺑﺮﺍﺱ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻃﺮﻃـﻮﺭ ﺍﳉﺎﻥ( ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﺴﻜﻦ.
ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﻨﻄّﻮ ﻭﺑﺮﻗﺼﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺃٔﺭﺽ ﺍﳊﻮﺵ ﻭﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﺑﻘﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﻟﺒﻠـﻮﺭ ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ[ :ﻛـﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺣـﺎﺭﺓ ﺑـﺎﺏ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺑﻨﻘﺮﻭّﺍ ﻭﺑﺒﻌﻘﻮﺍ ﻳﺎﻟﻄﻴﻒ ﺑﺎﳌﻘﻠﻮﺏ ﻭﺑﺮﺟﻌـﻮﺍ ﻟﻠـﻨﻂ ﻗﻨﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺵ ﻛﺒﲑۤﺓ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﻌﺮﻓﺎ ﻛﻮﻳّﺲ ﺍﲰﺎ ﺣﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﱐ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻗﺺ. ﻫﻠّﻖ ﺍﳔﺮﺑﺖ ﻭﺗﻌﻤﺮﺕ ﺁﺣﻮﺍﺵ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻫﺎﳊﻮﺵ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻛـﻞ
ﲪﺪﻭ ﺭﻛَﺪ ﻟﺒَﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺔ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻋَﺮﻭﺱ ﺃٔﺻٔـﺎﺑﻴﻌﻮ، ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﺍٕﻻ ﻓَﺴﺤﺔ ﲰﺎﻭﻳّۤﺔ ﻭﺑﻨﺼّﺎ ﻫﺎﻟﱪﻛﺔ ﻭﻗـﺪﺍﻣﺎ
ﻭﳌﺎ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺑﺎۤﺱ ﻓﺘﺤﻮ ﻭﺯﺕ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻃﺎﺵ ﻫﺎﻟﻠﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺰﻳّﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻓﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﳌﺰﻭّﻕ ﻭﻣﺎﺑﻨﻘﺼﺎ ﺷﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺑـﺎﺩﻧﺞ
ﻭﺻﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﻭﺳﻠﺴﺒﻴﻞ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﻛﻮﻳّﺲ ﲞﻄﺮ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺎﻝ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﺘﻼﺗﺔ ﰲ ﻋﺘﻤﺔ ﻫﺪﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻠﺔ.
ﻫﺎﳊﻮﺵ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻮٓﺕ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎ ﻗٔﻔﺮﺍ ﻧٔﻔﺮﺍ ﻭﺍﳍٔﻮﺍ ﺑﺼْﻔٓﺮ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺻْـﻔﲑ
ﲪﺪﻭ ﻛﻠّﺐ ﰲ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻨّﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﻨﲔ ﻭﻳۤﻨـﻚ ﻳـﺎ ﻭﺣﺘﻤﺎً ﺑﺪﻛﻦ ﺗﺴﺄﻟﻮﱐ :ﻟﻴﺶ ؟.
ﺃﺳﻄﺤﺔ ﺍﳊﻮﺵ ،ﻃٕﻠﻌﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻃَﻔْﻄﻔﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﻟﺴْﻄﻮﺡ
ﻭﻫﺮﺑﻮﺍ. ﻟﻴﺶ ؟ ﻷﻧﻮ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭ ﺃٕﻧّﻮٓ ﻫﺎﳊﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻜـﺒﲑۤﺓ
ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺴۤﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺄﺛﺮﻭﺍ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺍﳉﺎﻥ ﻭﺳﻜﻨﻮّﺍ ،ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘَﻰ ﺣـﺪﺍ
ﺍﺷﻌﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻤﺒﺔ -ﻗﺎﻝ ﲪﺪﻭ ﳌﺮﺗﻮ ،ﺷﻌﻠﺘﺎ ﻭﻗـﺮّﺏ ﻳﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮﺍ ﻻ ﺑﻜﺎﻡ؟ ﻭﻻ ﺑﻜﻴۤﻒ؟.
ﻫﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﻜﻠّﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻟﺴّﺎ ﻃﺮﻃﻮﺭﻭ ﻋﺮﺍﺳﻮ ﻭﻃﻠّـﻊ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻭﺍﻻ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺮﺟﻒ ﻭﻗﻠﺒﻮ ﻋﻢ ﺑـﺪﻕ ﻭﺑﻘـﻮﻝ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺃﺟﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﲪّﺎﻝ ﺍٕﲰﻮ ﲪـﺪٓﻭ ﻟﻌﻨـﺪ
ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻫﺎﳊﻮﺵ :ﺳﻼﻡ -ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ.
ﳊﻤﺪﻭ :ﺑَﺢ ﺑَﺢ ﲝﻜﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻚ ﻳﺎ ﲪﺪﻭ ﺑﺲ ﺳـﺄﻟﺘﻚ
ﺑﺎﻟﻨﱯ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﱄ ﺷﻲ. -ﻋﻤّﻮ ﺃﻧﺎ ﲪﺪﻭ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﻘﲑ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺣـﻴﻠﱵ ﺷـﻲ
-ﻗﻮﻝ ﻭﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻝ. ﻭﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﲡﻮّﺯ ،ﻋﻤّﻮ ﻋﻄﻴﲏ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺣﻮﺷَﻚ ﺃﺳﻜﻦ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﻭﺑﺪﻋﻲ
ﻟﻚ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﻣﺮﰐ.
-ﳓﻨۤﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﺗۤﺔ ﺑﺒﻌَﺘﻨﺎ ﳍﺎﳊﻮﺵ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﳌﻠّﺎﻙ ﻛٕﻠْﻤـﺎ
ﺳﻜﻨﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗَﻨﻬﺠّﺠﻮٓ ﻣﻨّﺎ ﻭﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻠّﺎﻙ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﺍﳊﻮﺵ ﺑﻜَﺶ -ﻭﻟَﻚْ ﻳﺎﺧﻴّﻮ ،ﻛﻨّﻲ ﻣـﺎﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﻧّـﻮ ﺣﻮﺷـﻲ
ﻣﺶ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻼّﻛﺎ ﻭﳓﻨۤﻪ ﻛٕﻞ ﻧﺰﻟۤﺔ ﻋﺎﳊﻮﺵ ﻣﻨﺎﺧﺪ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧۤﺔ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧۤﺔ ﻳﻌﲏ :ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺟﺎﻥ ﺑﺄﺫﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ
ﳎﻴﺪﻱ ﳎﻴﺪﻱ. ﺑﺴﻜﻨﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺴﻢ ﺑﺪﻧﻮ ﻣﻨّﻮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺴﻠﺒۤﺖ ﺭﺍﺣﱵ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﳏﺴّۤﺐ
ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻓَﻬﻠَﻮﻱ ،ﻛﻞ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﲟﺸﻲ ﰲ ﺟﺎﺩﺗﻨﺎ ﻫﻮّۤﻩ ﻭﻛﻢ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﻳﺎ
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻤَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲰّﺎﻩ ﻛﺬﺍ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻳﺎﺣﻨﺠﺮﺗﻮ ﻭﻫﺎﰐ ﺃٕﺵ ﰲ ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﻛﻨﻮﺯ ،ﻭﺃٕﻧﺘﻮ ﻳﺎ ﺻـﺤﺎﺑﻮ
ﻛﺬﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻋَﻠّﻮﺍ ﺍﻵﻫﺎﺕ ﻭﻛﺘﺮﻭّﺍ ،ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻳﻜﺘّﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻟﻜﻦ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﻠۤﺔ ﻭﺍﻧﺴﻤۤﺖ ﻋﻠﻴۤﻚ ﻛﻮٓﻝ ﻭﲝﻠۤﻖ ﺍٕﻧﺴﻠﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺴﻠﺖ :ﺍﻧﺴﻞّ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳُﻌﻠﻢ
ﻋﻴۤﻨﻴۤﻚ. ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻴﺎﺕ ﻏﲑﻩ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻤﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲰﺢ ﻟﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﻫَﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺘﻐﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﳌﺼـﺎﺭﻳﻦ :ﺑﺸـﺘﺮﻭّﺍ ﻭﺑﺒﻌﺘـﻮّﺍ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻷٓﻭﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﻭﺃﻭﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﲝﺸﻮّﺍ ﳊﻢ ﻣﻘﺪّﺩ ،ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣـﺎ ﻳﺒﻌﺘـﻮّﺍ
ﺑﺘﻨﺴٕﻠۤﺖ ﻭﺑﺮﺷﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻠﺢ.
ﺍٕﻧﺴﻤﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﻤَﻂ ﺍﳉﺪﻱ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﻘّﺎﻩ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻑ ﻭﺷﻮﺍﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺒﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺩﺧﻞ ﺑﻌﻀـﻪ ﺍٕﻧﺴﻦّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻦّ ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﲔَ ﻭﺳـﻦّ ﺍﻟﻘـﺎﻧﻮﻥَ
ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺸﺒﻚ ﰲ ﺣﺒّﺎ ،ﻭﺍﺎۤﻧﲔ ﻫﻴﻚ ﺍٕﻧﺴﻨﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻨﺢ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﺑﻘﻌﻮﺍ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺒﻪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻬﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺒﺎﺱ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍٕﻧﺴﻨﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻨﺪﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﲤﺸﻲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺸﺒﻮﻩ ﺑﺘﻨﺸﺒﻪ. ﺍٕﻧﺴﻬٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺘﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺸﺘﺮﺕ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ :ﺍﻧﻘﻠﺐ ﺟﻔﻨُﻬﺎ
ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﺸﻖّ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺧﻰ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ ﻣﻐﻤّﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺴﻬۤﺮ ﻓﻴّﺎ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺘﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺘﻞ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﻧﺸﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧﺸﺄ ﺍﷲ ﺍﳋﻠﻖَ :ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺃ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭَ:
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﻭﺭﺑّﺎﻩ ،ﻭﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚَ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓَ :ﻋﺒّـﺮ
ﻤﺎ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺘﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺘﻤﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﻭﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﻭﺇﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ.
ﺃَﻧﺸَﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨٕﺸﺢ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺇٕﻧﺸﺎ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﻧﺸﺄ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ. ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ.
]ﻳﺰﻋﻤﻮﻥ[ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺗُﻄﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻀﺒﻊ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻴﻞ ﳍﺎ :ﻳﺎ ﺑـﻮ ﰎّ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺍﳌﻨﺸۤﺢ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺎﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻑ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻴﻞ ﻛﺄﻢ ﺗﺼﻮﺭﻭﺍ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻧﺘﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺟﺎﺀ:
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺎﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺷﺎﻝ :ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺩﻭّﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻘﻴـﺖ
ﺃﻧﺸﺢ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻼﻥ. ﺍٕﻧﺸﺒﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﺤﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺪّﻩ ﻟﻴﺠﻠـﺪﻩ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻹﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺿﻴۤﺔ ﻣٕﻨْﺸﺤَﺔ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺒﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﻂ )ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ( :ﺳﺎﻁ ،ﺟَﻠَـﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﻌﻠّۤﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃٕﻧﻔﻮ ﻧﺺ ﺍﻭﻗﻴـﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﳊﻤۤﺔ ﻣﻨﺸﺤﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻧﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﺦ ﺑﺄﻧﻔﻪ ﺗﻜﱪﺍً(.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺸﺒﻂ ﺧﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻌﺪْ ﻣـﺎ ﺍﻧﺸـﺒﻂ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﺭﻭﺭﻭﺍﱐ ﻣﺎ ﺿﻞّ ﻣﻨﺸۤـﺢ ﻛﻒ.
ﺇﻻ ﺣﻮﺍﱐ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺒﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﻊ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻐﻠۤﺔ ﺑﺘﻨﺸﺮﻯ ﲟﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﻳﺘﺎﻡ. ﺍٕﻧﺸﺤﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺤﻂ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺮﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﺏ ﺍﳌﺎﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺠﻬﻴﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺎﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻳﻨﺎ ﺑﻨﺸـﺤۤﻂ
ﻭﺑﻨﻜﺐّ ﺑﺮّﺍ ،ﻭﺩﻭٓﻩ ﻭﳓﻨۤﻪ ﻭﳓﻨۤﻪ...
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻴّۤﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﺸﺮۤﺏ .ﻛﺘﺒﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺎۤﺏ
ﻭﺍﻧﺸﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﺗّﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﺮﺑّﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺒّﺎﺩ .ﻓﻼﻥ -ﻭﺍﷲ ﻃﻴّﺐ ﺍٕﻧﺸﺤﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺤﻦ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
-ﺑﻨﺸﺮﺏ ﻛﺎﺳﻮ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﻨﺸﺮﺏ -ﻭﺍﷲ -ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌٔ ّﻲ ﺍٕﻧﺸﺦّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺦّ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺮﺓ .ﻓﻼﻥ ﻟﺴّﺎ ﺑﻨﺸﺮﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﲬﺴﻴﻨﻴﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻﻳـﺰﺍﻝ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻏﻀﺎً(.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺨﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺨﻂ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺮﺡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺸﺮﺡ ﺻﺪﺭﻩ :ﺍﺗّﺴﻊ ﻭﺳُﺮّ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺑﺸﺎﻫﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣۤﺔ ﺃَﻧﺸﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧﺸﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ :ﻗﺮﺃﻩ ﻭﺃَﺷﺎﺩ ﺑﺬﻛﺮﻩ.
ﺍﻧﺸﺮﺣﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﻭﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﳎﻠﺴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺧﻠﻘـﻮ
ﻓﻼﻥ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻧﺸٔﺎﺩ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺷُﺮِﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[ :ﻋﻴﻮﺍﻅ ﻳﺴﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺮﺍﻛﻮﺯ:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﺷْﺘْﺮَﺡ :ﻃﺮﺏ ،ﺍﺑﺘﻬﺞ. ﻟﻮ ﺗﻌﻠﻢِ ﺍﻷﺭﺽُ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪ ﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﺮﺣﺖ
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺮﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﺩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺸﺮﺕ ﰒ ﺑﺎﺳﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺪ َﻡِ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﺃَﻧﺸﺪﺕ ﺑﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﺔ ً
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺮﻁ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻁ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺃﻫﻼً ﻭﺳﻬﻼً ﺑﺄﻫﻞ ﺍﳉﻮﺩِ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮَﻡِ
ﺟﻠﺪﻩ :ﺑﻀﻌﻪ ﺑﺂﻟﺔ ﺟﺎﺭﺣﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺪّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺪّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﺸﺮﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻕ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺸﺪّ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺿﻬﺮ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﻔَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻔﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﺸﻄﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣـﺪّ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺧﻄﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﻖّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺸ ّﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻧﻔـﺘﺢ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺍٕﻧﺸﻄﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻄﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ :ﻏﺴﻠﻪ ﻭﻣـﻦ
ﺷﻄﻒ ﺍﳊﺠﺮَ :ﳓﺘﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻓﺮﺟﺔ ،ﺍﻧﺼﺪﻉ ،ﺗﻔﺮّﻕ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮُ :ﻇﻬﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺧٕﺠۤﻞ ﻭﲤﻨّﻰ ﻟﻮ ﺗﻨٕﺸـﻖّ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍٕﻧﺸﻌﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺸﻌﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮﺓ :ﺗﻔﺮﻋﺖ
ﻭﺗﺒﻠﻌﻮ. ﻋﻦ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖُ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮُ :ﺍﻓﺘﺮﻕ.
ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺭﺗﻮﺩﻭﻛﺲ ﺃﻢ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﻏﲑﻫـﻢ ﻣـﻦ ﺍٕﻧﺸﻌﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﭽﻨﻖ ﺍﻧﺸﻌﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻄﻤـﺔ،
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﺸﻘﻮﺍ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ. ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺧﻂ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸَﻌﺮ :ﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻥ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻠﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻑ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳـﻼﺯﻡ ﻣﻔﺘـﺘﺢ ﻧﺸـﻴﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺸﻌﺮ ﻋﻘﻠﻮ ،ﻗﻄﺮﻣﻴﺰ ﻭﺍﻧﺸـﻌﺮ
ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺎﺋﺪ" :ﺁﻩ ﻳﺎﺍﻧﺎ ﻭﺁﺵ ﻟﻠﻌﻮﺍﺯﻝ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ" ﻳﻘﻠـﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌـﺰﻑ
ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺗٕﻨﻔﺘﻖ ﺗٕﻨﺸﻖ. )ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﻪ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﻥ(.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﻤﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﴰﻂ )ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ( :ﺳﻞّ ﻭﻧـﺰﻉ ﺍٕﻧﺸﻚّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺢ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﻚّ ﰲ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ
ﻭﺍﻗﺘﻠﻊ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺄﺻﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﻤﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﴰﻠﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻏﻄﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻤﻠﺔ، ﺍٕﻧﺸﻜﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻜﺎ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺃﺣﺎﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺸﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻔﻮ ،ﻭﺍﻧﺸﻤﻞ ﺑﻌﻄﻔﻚ. ﺍٕﻧﺸﻜﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻜﺮﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﻨﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻨﻖ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺸﻜۤﺮ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﻬَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﺸﻜﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷَﻜُﺲ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺻﻌﺐ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﺮﺩ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺸﺮٔﻯ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺸﻬﻰ. ﺍٕﻧﺸﻜﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﻬﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺸﻜﻞ ﻟﺴﺎۤﻧﻮٓ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﻓﻮ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﱄ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ :ﺃﺣﻜﻲ ﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﺏ ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﺬﻛﺮ ﺍٕﻧﺸﻞّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻞّ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ :ﺧﺎﻃﻪ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﺔ ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ
ﻟﻠﻲ ﺍﻧﺸﻬﺮ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﺍﱐ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺍﻧﺸﻬﺮ :ﺍﳌﺴـﺘﺖ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﻠّﺖ ﻳﺪﻩ :ﺃﺻﺎﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻠﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺑﻌﺘُﻮﺍ ﻟﻮٓ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻏﺪﺍ ﺑٕﺮﻏٓﻞ ﺑﺴﺒﺎﻧﺦ ﻟﺴّﻌﻮ ﺳٕﺨﻦ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﭼّﻮ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳۤﺔ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺴﺒﺢ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺰﺑﺮﺓ ،ﺻﺎﺭ -ﻭﻫﻮّﻩ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺸـﺘﻐﻞ
ﺷﻌﻴﺒﻴﺎﺕ -ﻛﻞ ﺷﻮﻱ ﻭﺷﻮﻱ ﻳﺎﻛﻞ ﻟـﻮ ﻣﻌﻠﻘـﺔ ﻣﻨـﻮ، ﺍٕﻧﺸﻠﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺏ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﺻﺎﺩﻑ ﺃﻧّﻮ ﻧﺴﻲ ﻭﺣﺸﺎ ﻛﻢ ﺷﻌﻴﺒﻴّۤﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﱪٕﻏٓﻞ ﺑﺴﺒﺎﻧﺦ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺷﻮﻱ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﻋﻮﺍ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻌﻴﺒﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻌﻴۤﻠۤﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰﻳﺔ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺣـﺪ ،ﺃﺵ ﺍٕﻧﺸﻠﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻠﻊ )ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻗﺘﻠـﻊ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃٔﻗﻮﻝ ﻟﻚ ﻃﺎﺭ ﻋﻘﻠﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺣﻬﻦ ﺎﻟﻔَﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﲑ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻃﻴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ.
ﺍٕﻧﺸﻠﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻠﻒ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﺸﻮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺸﻮﻯ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺷﻮﻯ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺸﻮﻳﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻮٓﺑﺎﺕ. ﺍٕﻧﺸﻢّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻢّ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ ) ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﻪ :ﺹ ٢٣٦ﻭ.٢٣٧ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻏﲑ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻭﻗّﻒ ﻓﻮﻕ
ﺭﺍﺳﻮ ﺑﻨﺸﻮۤﺹ .ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺼﻮﻱ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﻨﺸﻮﺹ.
ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ ﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﲜﺒﺴﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﺎﳊﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﺭﻱ
ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭﻱ. ﺍٕﻧﺼﺎﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﺏ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﺰﻋﻢ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ :ﺯﻧﺒﻮﻁ ﺧﻄـﻒ
ﻋﻨﺒﺎۤﻳﺔ ﻣﺎﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺄﻳﺶ ﳊﻘﻮﻩ ؟ ﳊﻘﻮﻩ ﺑﭽﻔﻮﺗٓﻦ ﲟـﺮﺍﺗﻴﻨٓﻦ ﺍٕﻧﺼﺎﺡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﺼﺎﺡ ﺻﻮٓﺕ ﻣﺎۤﻛﻦ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ
ﳋﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻞ. ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﺡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﺼﺎﻉ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ. ﺍٕﻧﺼﺎﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﺩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﺇﺑـﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ
ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ ﻓﺎﻧﺼـﺎﻉ ﳌﺸـﻮﺭﺗﻪ، ﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭﻱ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻏﺪﺕ ﻣـﻦ
ﻳﻌﻨﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﻘﺎﺩ ﻭﺃﻃﺎﻉ ،ﻭﻻ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ: ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺋﻬﺎ ،ﲰﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺳﻌﺪ ﺍﻷﻧﺼـﺎﺭﻱ ﺑـﻦ
ﺍﻧﺼﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺮﺟُﻞ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﻔﺘﻞ ﺭﺍﺟﻌﺎً ﻣﺴـﺮﻋﺎً .ﻭﰲ "ﺍﻷﺳـﺎﺱ" ﺃﻳﻮﺏ ﺍﳌﺪﻓﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻗﱪﻩ ﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻩ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﰲ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ
ﺍﻧﺼﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺮّﻭﺍ ﺳﺮﺍﻋﺎً .ﻭﰲ "ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ" :ﺻﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ "ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺳْﻌﻴﺪ".
ﻳﺼﻮﻋﻪ ﺻﻮﻋﺎً ﻓﺎﻧﺼﺎﻉ ﺃﻱ :ﻓﺮّﻗﻪ ﻓﺘﻔﺮّﻕ ،ﱂ ﳚﻰﺀ ﰲ ﻫـﺬﺍ
ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭ ﻟﻘﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺁﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﱯ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨـﺔ،
ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﲰﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﰲ ﻏﲑﻩ ﺷﺎﺫﺓ ،ﻭﺃﺟـﺎﺯ
ﺍٕﻧﺼﺎﻍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﺼﺎﻍ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ ﺻـﺎﻍ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺟﱪ ﺿﻮﻣﻂ ﰲ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ "ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ" .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ
ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻥ :ﺳﺒﻜﻪ ،ﻫﻴّﺄﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ. ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻝ[ :ﻭﺍﷲ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﻨﺼﺎﻍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻔـﺘﺢ
ﻋﻀﻤﻮ ﺩﻫﺐ. ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ :ﻳﺎﺭﻭﻗﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻳﺎﺭﻭﻕ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﺧﻀـﺮ،
ﻭﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻳﺪﺍﱐ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﻧﻌﲏ :ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻹٕﻧﺼﺎﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻹﻧﺼـﺎﻑ :ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ
ﺃﻧﺼﻒ :ﺃﺧﺬ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ،ﻋﺪﻝ. ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ "ﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ" :ﺟـ ٢ﺹ ٢٨٠ﺣﱴ :٢٨٧ﻗﺎﻝ
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﱘ ﻧﻘﻼً ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻩ :ﺇﻥ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺭﻭﻗﻴﺔ ﺭﺃﺕ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻹﻧﺼﺎﻑ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ.
ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻡ ﻗﺎﺋﻼً ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﻫﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻗﱪ ﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭﻱ :ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ
ﺍٕﻧﺼٔﺎﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﻡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺍﷲ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ،ﻓﻨﺒﺸﻮﺍ ﻓﻮﺟﺪﻭﺍ ﻗﱪﺍً ،ﻓﺒﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻣﺸﻬﺪﺍً ،ﰒ ﺩﺛﺮ ﻓﺠﺪﺩﺗﻪ ﻧﻴﻠﻮﻓﺮ :ﻋﺘﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﲑ ﺳﻴﻒ ﺍﻟـﺪﻳﻦ
ﻋﻠﻲّ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻦ ﺣﻴﺪﺭ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﺗﻮﱃ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﻬﺎ ﺳﻨﺔ
ﺍٕﻧﺼٔﺎﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﻧﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣﻔﻈـﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ٦٢٢ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻌﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺒﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃَﺒَﺶ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍﻷﻧﻄﺎﻛﻲ :ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺄﺳﻄﺎ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻣﻲ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺎً ﻭﺷﺎﻋﺮﺍً ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٥٢٠ﻡ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻄﺒﺶ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ،ﺍﻧﻄﺒﺶ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﭼّﻮ. ﺍﻷﻧﻄﺎﻛﻲ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺢ ﺑﻦ ﻓـﺘﺢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺼـﺤﺎﰲ
ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﱐ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ،ﺳﻜﻦ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺟﺪﺍﺩﻩ ﺃﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴـﺔ ،ﰒ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻠـﺖ
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺒﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻄﺒﻊ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻃﺒﻌﻪ :ﻧﻘﺸـﻪ
ﺃﺳﺮﺗﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﺎ ﻭﻟـﺪ ،ﺃﺻـﺪﺭ ﳎﻠـﺔ "ﺍﻟﺸـﺬﻭﺭ" ﰒ
ﻭﺳﻜّﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﳋﺘﻢ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ
"ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ" ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﺍﺣﺎً ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٩٢٣ﻡ.
ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﲔ.
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴۤﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍٕﻧﻄﺎﻛۤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻧﻄﺎﻛِﻴَـﺔ:
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻳﺎ ﺍﻧﻄﺒۤﻊ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻧﻘﻠۤﻊ.
ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﴰﺎﱄ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺀ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﺗﺎﺑﻌـﺔ
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺒﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻄﺒﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﻧﻔﺘﺢ، ﳊﻠﺐ.
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺑﻨﻄﺒۤﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﺎﺩۤﺓ ﻛـﺬﺍ،
ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺳﻠﻮﻗﻮﺱ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ٣٠٠ﻕ .ﻡ .ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ
ﻃٔﺒٔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻲ ﺍﳌﺘﻞ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﺭﻭﻣﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻜﻨﺪﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻫـﻲ
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺒﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺒَﻞَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺿُﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻞ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﳍﺎ ﳎﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮﺍﱐ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﻄـﲑ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﻄﺒﻠۤﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺎﳋﱪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮ ﻟﻪ ،ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺲ ﺑﻄﺮﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻬﻴﺪ ﺃﻏﻨﺎﻃﻴﻮﺱ ﺍﻷﻧﻄـﺎﻛﻲ
ﺍﳋﱪ ،ﻭﺍﻧﻄﺒۤﻠﺖ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼـﺎﻳﺢ ،ﻭﺍﻧﻄﺒﻠۤـﺖ ﺍﻟـﺪﻧۤﻰ، ﻭﻳﻮﺣﻨﺎ ﻓﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ،ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺩﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺤﻴﲔ،
ﻭﺍﻧﻄﺒﻠۤﺖ ﺍﻟﻀﻴۤﻌَﺔ. ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﳌﻦ ﻋﻤّﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺡ :ﺍﻧﻄﺒﻞ ﻃﺒﻠﻚ ﻭﺍﻧﺰﻣﺮ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﻄﻠﺲ :ﺹ ٧ﻭ.٥٩
ﺯﻣﺮﻙ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻌـﺮۤﻑ ﻃﺎﻫـﺎ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺤﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺤﺜﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺩﻓﻌﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻧﻄﺎﻛۤﻲ )ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺎﻛۤﺔ(.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻭﺟُﻌﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺀ ﺷﲔ.
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺐّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺐّ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻣﺴﻜﲔ ﺍﻧﻄﻔﺎ ﻃَﻔﻲ ﻭﻣﺎﺕ. ﺍٕﻧﻄﺦّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺦّ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺃﻧﻄٔﻖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧﻄﻘﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﻨﻄﻖ.
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺮٔﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮّﻯ ﺍﳉﺪﺍﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻃﻴّﻨـﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻃﻔﻞ ﻭﺃﷲ ﺃﻧﻄﻘﻮ.
)ﻟﻐﺔ ﻣﻜﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻄﻖّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﻄﻖ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳـﺔ
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺮٔﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮِﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺻﻮﺕ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﳉﺮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺮﻡ "ﻃﻖّ" ﰒ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺮٔﺡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﺣﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﻄٔﻞّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃُﻠّﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ :ﺑُﻠّﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻞ ،ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻣﻦ ﺃﻃﻞّ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺗﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺮٔﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻄﺮﺩ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻃﺮﺩﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻲ
ﺍٕﻧﻄﻠَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻼﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﻄﺨﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﻟﻐﺔ ﺭﺩﻳﺌﺔ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍٕﻧﺘﺮﺕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺮٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﺵ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻄﻠۤﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜَﺪﺑۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﻴﻠۤـﺔ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮَﺷﻪُ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺑﺎﺭَﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻔۤﺔ.
ﺍٕﻧﻄﺮٔﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻋﻴﻨَﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺻـﺎﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﺇﺑـﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ
ﺑﺸﻲﺀ ﻓﺪﻣﻌﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﻄﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﻴﻠﺔ ﺃﻱ :ﺟﺎﺯﺕ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ
ﻭﺭﺍﺟﺖ ،ﻭﻃﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﶈﺎﻝ ﺃﻱ :ﻣﻮّﻫﻪ ﻭﺃﺟﺎﺯﻩ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳُﻨﻘـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻄﺮٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻـﻜّﻪ
ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ،ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎﻕ. ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏَ :ﻗﺮﻋﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻄﻠﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻄﺲّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺲّ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻄﻠﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻄﻠﺲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺧﻔﻲ ،ﻭﻗـﺪ ﺍٕﻧﻄﺶّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺶّ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻧﻄﻠﻰ :ﻋﺪﱠﻯ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﻦ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﺇﻳﺪ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻣﻀﺮﻭﺑﺔ ﻛﺒّۤﺖ ﺍﻟﺰﺑﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻧﻄﻠﺴۤﺖ ﺗﻴﺎﺑﻮ ﻃﻠﺲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍٕﻧﻄﺶّ ﺍﻟﺒْﺪﺍﺭ.
ﺍٕﻧﻄﻠﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﻄﻌﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺞ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻈﺒٔﻂ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻧﻀﺒﻂ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍٕﻧﻄﻤﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻄﻤـﺲ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﺩﺭﺱ
ﻭﺍﳕﺤﻰ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻣﻦ :ﻃﻤﺲ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻮﺭﺓ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻀﺒﺎﻁ.
ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺑﻴﻨﻈﺒﻂ ﺷﻐﻠﻚ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳـﻠّﻤﺘﻮ
ﺍٕﻧﻄﻤﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻤﻊ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻝ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻷﷲ ﻭﺑَﺲْ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻈﺮﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﻏـﻼﻑ
]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﰲ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ :ﺧﺎﻟﻮ ! ﺃٕﻧﺘۤـﻪ
ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ .ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻈـﺎﺀ ﺍﺳـﺘﺒﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ
ﺭﺟّﺎﻝ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻄﻤۤﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ،ﺁﻏﺎ )ﻳﻮﳘﻮﻥ ﺃﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ:
ﻏﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺿﺎﺩﺍً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﳉﻠﺪﻱ.
ﺍﷲ( ﻭﻛﻴﻞ ﺭﲰﺎﻻ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ.
ﺍٕﻧﻈﻔٔﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻇﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﻄﻮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻄﻮﻯ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ ﻃـﻮﻯ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻧﻘﻴﺾ ﻧﺸﺮﻩ ،ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮُ :ﺫﻫﺐ ،ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚُ :ﺍﻧﻜﺘﻢ ،ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍٕﻧﻈﻠﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﻠﻢ :ﲢﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻢ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺍﺷﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻇُﻠِﻢ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣٕﻨﻄٕﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴـﻮٓ )ﺃﻭ
ﺍٕﻧﻈﻢّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﻈﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻴّﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻋﺎﳌﻼﻛﻴّﺔ: ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ( ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻟﺔ.
ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻧﻀﻢّ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺃﻧﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻧﻄﻮﻥ.
ﺍٕﻧﻈﻤﻂ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻧﺰﻣﻂ ﻭﺍﻧﺴﻤﻂ ﻭﺍﻧﺼـﻤﻂ.
ﺃﻧﻄﻮﺍﻧﻴﺖ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻧﻄﻮﻥ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺃٕﻧﻄﻮٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻃٔﻮٔﺵ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﻈﻦّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻇﻦّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺃﻧﻄﻮﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ،ﲰﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﺳـﻢ
ﺍٕﻧﻈٔﻬٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻇﻬﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺲ ﺃﻧﻄﻮﻧﻴﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﰱ ﺱ ٣٥٦ﻭﻳﻠﻘـﺐ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺑﺄﰊ ﺍﻟﺮﻫﺒﺎﻥ ،ﺗﻨﺴﻚ ﻭﺳﻦّ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺴﻚ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺎﲰـﻪ،
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻫﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻨﺘﺴﺒﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻨﻪ :ﺍﻷﻧﻄﻮﻧﻴﲔ ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﺍﻷﻧﻄﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺭﻭﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺒﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﻞ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﻧﻌﺎﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻌﺖّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺖّ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻑ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ -ﻋﻠـﻰ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻟﻠﻤﻐﲏ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺟﺎﺩ :ﻣٕﻨﻌـﺎﺩ ﻣﻨﻌـﺎﺩ ،ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻣﻨﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻨﻌﺎﺩﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻃﻠﺐ ﻏﲑ ﺃﺩﻳﺐ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺘﺐ :ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺘﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺫﻛﺮﻭﺍ ﺣﺎﺩﺛﺎً ﻣﻔﺠﻌﺎً ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻳٕﻨﺬٕﻛۤﺮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳۤﻨﻌﺎﺩ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺎﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﺭ ﲟﻌـﲎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻌﺘﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ. ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺐ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺘﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺘﻖ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺍﳌﻨﻌﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟـﺪّۤﻳﻦ ﺑَـﻼ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻛﻤﺒﻴﺎﻟۤﺔ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺿﻴﺎﻋﻮ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ .ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﺤﻲ ﻭﻻ ﺑﻨﻌﺎﺭ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺘﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻌﺘﻞ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻋﺘﻠﻪ :ﲪﻠﻪ. ﺍٕﻧﻌﺎﺯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﻓﻼﻧﺎً )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻋﺘﺎﺯ ﻭﺍٕﻧﻌﻮٔﺯ.
ﺍٕﻧْﻌَﺘَﻪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﻘﺺ ﻋﻘﻠﻪ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻹٕﻧﻌﺎﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻧﻌﺎﺵ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﻧﻌﺸﻪ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺠٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺠﻖ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻌﺎﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺠﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺠﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖَ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﺍٕﻧﻌﺎﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻗﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺪّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻌﺎﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻥ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﺘﻨﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﻳۤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎۤﺟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻌﺪّﻭﺍ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻋﻘﻴﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻌﺒﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺒَﺪ ﺍﷲ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﻟﺴﻘﺎﻃﻲ ﻭﻳﻦ ؟. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺮﺟّﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﲜﻴﺐ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺖ ﻓﺤﻤۤـﺔ ﺍٕﻧﻌﺒٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﱪ ﺍﳉﺴﺮ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺑﺘﻨﻌﺪ ﺭﲪۤﺔ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺸﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﻘﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﻧﻌﺪﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺪِﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻓَﻘَﺪﻩ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﺪﻣـﻪ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺺّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺺّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻌﺬﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺬﺭﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻌﺺّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ. ﺍٕﻧﻌﺮٔﺏ :ﺑﲎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﺏ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺼٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺼَﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﻌﺮٔﺝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮِﺝ ﻓﻼﻥ ﰲ ﻣﺸﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺼﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻌﺼﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﺷـﺘﺪّ،
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻋُﺼِﺐ :ﺭُﺑِﻂ. ﺍٕﻧﻌﺮﺽ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮَﺽ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺼﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨـﺐُ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ
ﻋﺼﺮﻩ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﻞ َ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﺋﻊ :ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﺍٕﻧﻌﺮٔﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻣﺎﺀﻩ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺼﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﻌﺼﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛـﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﺘـﺮ، ﺍٕﻧﻌﺮﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋـﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺠـﲔَ ﻭﺍﳉﻠـﺪَ ﻭ...
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺣﺼﻞ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻳﺒﻮﺳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﻌﺎﺀ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻧﻌﺼـﻢ: )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻋﺼﻤﻪ :ﺃﻣﺴﻜﻪ.
ﺍٔﻧﻌﺰّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺰّ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺾّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻀّﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺰﻑ :ﺑﲎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺰَﻑ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻌـﻮﺩ
ﺍٕﻧﻌﻄٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻄﺎﻩ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺰﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻌﺰﻝ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﺗﻨﺤّﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﺎً.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻴۤﺮِﻱ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻌﻄٔﻰ ﻟﻮ ﻭﭺ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﺰﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺰﻡ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻛٕﻞ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺑﻨﻌﻄﻰ ﻟﻮ ﺣﻜﻤﻮ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﻄﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻄِﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻫﻠﻚ، ﺍٕﻧﻌﺴﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺴِﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺪّ ﻳﺴُﺮ
ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳُﻌَﺪّﻭﺎ :ﻋﻄﺒﻮٓ :ﺃﺣﺪﺙ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺿﺮﺭﺍً ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺎً ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍَﻧْﻌﺶ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧﻌﺸﻪ :ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺜﺮﺓ ﻭﺃﻗﺎﻣـﻪ،
ﺍٕﻧﻌﻄﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻌﻄﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻧﺜﲎ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺗﺪﺍﺭﻛﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻠﻜﺔ ،ﺗﺪﺍﺭﻛﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻴﻢ ﺃﱂّ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﳌﻌﲎ :ﺑﻌﺚ ﻓﻴﻪ
ﺍﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎﻑ ﺍﺎﺯﻱ :ﺍﳊﻨﺎﻥ. ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﲬﻮﺩﻫﺎ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﻠﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻠَﻦ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﻧﻌﻔﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻌﻔﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ :ﺍﻧﻌﻔـﺮ:
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺩُﻫِﺲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺪﻭٓﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺘﺮﻭ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﻧﺼﻴﺐ ﺍٕﻧﻌﻘﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺪ ﺍﳊﺒﻞُ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻋﻘﺪﻩ:
ﻛٕﻞْ ﺳﺤﺐ ﺃٕﻟٓﻦ ﻫَﺰّۤﺓ ﻋﺼﺒﻴّۤﺔ ﻣﻌﺎ ﺃﺣﻼﻡ ﻫﻮﺍﺋﻴّﺔ ﺑﺘﺒﻘﻰ ﻟﺘـﻨٕﻌﻠﻦ ﻧﻘﻴﺾ ﺣﻠﱠﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊُ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲔ :ﺃُﺣﻜﻤﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀُ :ﺑﲏ ﻋَﻘـﺪﻩ،
ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﺑﺘﺘﺒﺨّﺮ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺴﻞُ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ :ﻏَﻠُﻂ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥُ :ﺍﺣﺘﺒﺲ.
ﺃَﻧْﻌٔﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧﻌﻢ ﺍﷲ ُ ﺻـﺒﺎﺣﻚ :ﺟﻌﻠـﻪ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜـﺔ[ :ﺍﻧﻌﻘـﺪﺕ ﺍﶈﻜﻤـﺔ،
ﺭﻏﻴﺪﺍً ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺃﺻﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻧﻌﻤﺔ .ﺷﺎﻫﺪﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﺭﺟـﻼً ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺪﺕ ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺔ ،ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺪ ﺍﻠﺲ.
ﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺻﺤﺘﻪ ﻓﺄﺟﺎﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻔﺼﺤﺎً :ﺍﳊﻤـﺪ ﷲ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺃَﻧﻌﺎﻣﻪ )ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﻘﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ(. ﺍٕﻧﻌﻘﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺮ :ﺩَﺑَﺮ :ﺃﺻـﺎﺑﺘﻪ ﻗﺮﺣـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻞ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺁﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﳌﻦ ﺣﻠﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻢ :ﻧﻌﻴﻤﺎً،
ﻭﺟﻮﺍﺎ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﻨﻌﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ. ﺍٕﻧﻌﻚّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﻌﻚّ ﺍٕﺑﲏ ﺍﻟﻴﻮٓﻡ ﻣـﺎ ﺑﻌﺘﻨـﺎﻩ
ﻋﺎﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻜّﺘْﻪ ﺍﳊﻤّﻰ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺿﻨﺘﻪ.
]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﺨﺴﺮﺍﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ :ﻧﻌﻴﻤﺎً ،ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻢّ ﰲ ﺧﻠﻮﺓ ﺍﳋﺴﺎﺭﺓ. ﺍٕﻧﻌﻜﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻌﻜﺲ :ﺍﻧﻘﻠﺐ.
ﺃﻧﻌۤﻢ ﺑﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻌﻜﺎﺱ.
ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻧﻌﻢْ ﺑﻔﻼﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺟﻞ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻧِﻌﻢَ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﻧﻌﻜﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ،ﺍﻧﻌﻜـﺎﺱ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ ﻫﻮ :ﻓﻴﺄﺗﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ "ﺃَﻓﻌِﻞ" :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪّ ﺃﻛﺮِﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ.
ﻣﺜﻼً ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﳚﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﻧﻌﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺃﻛﺮﻡ ،ﻭﻫـﻲ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺋﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ...ﻷﻥ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﻣـﻦ ﺍٕﻧﻌﻜﻒ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻧﻌﻘﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻋﻘـﻒ
ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﺗُﺒﲎ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ. ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩَ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ :ﻋﻄﻔﻪ ﻭﻋﻮّﺟﻪ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺭ :ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﻧِﻌﻢَ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ ﻫﻮ. ﺍٕﻧﻌﻜﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻜﻢ ﻣﺘﺎﻋﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﲨﻌـﻪ
ﻭﺷﺪّﻩ ﺑﺜﻮﺏ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﻢّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻢّ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﻌﻞّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋُﻞﱠ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺾُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻋُﻞﱠ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﻤﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻤِﻲَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﻌﻠَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻼﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻌﻤﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻤِﺸﺖ ﻋﻴﻨُﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﻌﻒ
ﺑﺼﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﻌﻠﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﺮﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﺎﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻌﻮٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻮِﺭﺕ ﻋﻴﻨُﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﺫﻫـﺐ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺣﺲّ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﺮﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐَﺮﺍﻣﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻐُﺮﻡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍٕﻧﻌﻮٔﺯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻮِﺯ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻓﺘﻘﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻧﻌﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺎﺯ.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﺰّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺰّﻩ ﺑﺎﻹﺑﺮﺓ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻐﺎﺹ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎﺹ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﺰَﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺰﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭﱠ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻐﺎﺽ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎﻇﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻇﺎﺀﻫﺎ ﺿﺎﺩﺍً.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﺰﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺰﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻦ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍٕﻧﻐﺎﻅ :ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻧﻐﺎﺽ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﺐّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺐّ ﺍﳌﺎﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻟﻌﲔ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(
ﺍٕﻧﻐﺴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻐﺴﻞ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ ﻏﺴـﻠﻪ: ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻋﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﻨﺎً.
ﻃﻬّﺮﻩ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ ،ﺃﺯﺍﻝ ﻭﺳﺨﻪ .ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﳔﺴﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﺒﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏٔﺒٔﻖ ﻭﭼﻮ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﻐﺶّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺸّﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻐﺒﻖ ﻭﭼﻮ ﻣﺎﳋﺠﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﺰﱠﻋـﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﻐﺺّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏَﺺّ ﺑﻠﻘﻤﺘﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻐﻀﺐ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﱭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﱭ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﺛﻨـﺎﻩ ﰒ
ﺍٕﻧﻐﺼٔﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺼﺒﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺧﺎﻃﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻏﺒﻨﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ :ﺧﺪﻋﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻘﺼﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً( ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻐﻤﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺬﺍﺕ. ﺍٕﻧﻐﻄﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻄﺲ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﻤٔﺾ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻐﻤﺾ ﻃﺮْﻓﻪ :ﺍﻧﻐﺾّ.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﻒّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻒّ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﻐﻤٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏَﻤَﻂ ﺣﻘﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﺤـﺪﻩ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﻔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻔﺮ ﻟﻪ ﺫﻧﺒﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﻐﻮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﻐـﻮَﻯ:
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻮﻯ ﻭﻣﺎﻝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻀﻼﻝ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺞّ ﺑﺘﻨﻐﻔﺮ ﻟـﻮ ﺫﻧﻮﺑـﻮ ،ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻷٕﻧﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻧﻒ :ﺍﳌﻨﺨِﺮﺍﻥ.
ﺑﺘﻨﺨﺴﻞ ﺫﻧﻮﺑﻮ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃُﻧﻮﻑ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳَﺮﺩّﻭﻥ.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﻔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻔﻞ ﻋﻨﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﻮ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃَﻑ. ﺍٕﻧﻐﻠَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻘِﺪﺭُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ :ﺃَﻧﻒ.
ﺍٕﻧﻐﻠﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻠﺒﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺃﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﺴﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﻠﻪ :ﺃﻓﺎٓ ﺃﻱ :ﲰﻲ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﻭﺇﺭﺍﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ ،ﻛـﺄﻥ ﺷـﺄﻥ
ﺍﻷﻧﻒ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺷﺄﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨّﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻐﻠۤﺐ.
ﻭﻳﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ ﻣﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﰲ NEZﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ، ﺍٕﻧﻐﻠﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏَﻠَﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﰲ NARIZﺃﻭ NOSEﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﻋﺮﻧﺎ ﺷﻮﻗﻲ ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺎً ﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﻦ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴّﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻲ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻳﻐﻠّۤـﻒ ﺑﻀـﺎﻋﺘﻮ
ﻟﺴﺎﻥ ﳎﻨﻮﻥ ﻟﻴﻠﻰ ﺣﲔ ﺷﻢ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﻗﱪ ﻟﻴﻠﻰ: ﻭﺑﻮﺭﻗﺔ ﺗﻌﺮّﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﺒﻀﺎﻋﺘﻮ.
ﻫﻨﺎ ﻓﻢ ﻟﻴﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﻲّ ﺍﻟﻀﺤﻮﻙ ﻳﻜﺎﺩ ﻭﺭﺍﺀَ ﺍﻟﺒِﻠَﻰ ﻳﻠﻤﻊ ﺍٕﻧﻐﻠﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻐﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏُ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﻧﻔﺘﺢ.
ﺑﻞ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﻫﻨﺎ ﺃﻧﻒ ﻟﻴﻠﻰ... ﺍٕﻧﻐﻢّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻐﻢّ :ﺣﺰﻥ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺃﺎ ﺟﻌﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻔـﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍٕﻧﻐﻤﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﻐﻤـﺮ ﰲ
ﺍﻷﻧﻒ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﺲ ،ﻭﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ :ﺍﻏﺘﻤﺲ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻢ ﳚﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺀ ،ﻳﻌﺰﺯﻫﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺀ ﻣﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨَﻔَﺲ ﻭﻧﻔـﺦ
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻐﻤﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﺬﺍﺕ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﻐﻤﺲ(.
ﻭﺗﻔﻞ ﻭﻧﻔﺮ ﻭﻧﻔﺚ ﻭﻧﻔﺦ ﻭﻧﻔﺬ ﻭﻧﻔﻖ ﻭ..
ﺍٕﻧﻐﻤﺰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻤﺰﻩ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﲝﺎﺟﺒﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺟـ ٢ﺹ.١٢٢
ﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺤﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺤﺺ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﻴﺠﺴّﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻐﻢ ﰲ ﳏـﻂ ﻣﻔﺘـﺘﺢ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺎﺋﺪ" :ﺁﻩ ﻳﺎﺃﻧﺎ ! ﻭﺁﺵ ﻟﻠﻌﻮﺍﺫﻝ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ" ﳚﺴّﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻐﻢ ﰲ
ﳏﻄﱢﻪ ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺗﻨﻔﺘﻖ ﺗﻨﺸﻖ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺨﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﺨﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒُ :ﺍﻧﺜﻘﺐ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺘﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺘﻚ ﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻔﺨﺘۤﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺨﺪ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻧﻔﺨﺖ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣـﺔ ،ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍٕﻧﻔﺘﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﺘﻞ ﺍﳊﺒﻞُ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻓﺘﻠﻪ.
ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴّﻮﻥ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﻔﺨﺖ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴّﻮﻥ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗﻔﺘۤﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺪَﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﺪَﻯ :ﻓُﺪِﻱ.
ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻤۤﺔ ﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﺼﲑ ﺗﻮﻻ ﺑﺘﻨﻔﺘﻞ ﻭﺑﺘﺪﻭﺭ ﺣﻮﺍﻟۤﻲ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺮٔﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔـﺮﺝ :ﺍﻧﻔـﺘﺢ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻐـﻢﱡ: ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻠﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻴﻊ.
ﺍﻧﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻨﻪ ،ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺌﲔ :ﺍﺗﺴّﻊ ،ﻣﻦ ﺿﻴﻘﻪ :ﲣﻠّﺺ ﻣﻨﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺠﻬﻴّﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻔﺘۤﻞ ﻭﺍﻧﺪﺍﺭ ﻟَﻌﻨّـﺎ ﻭﺍﷲ ﳓﻨۤـﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺟۤﺖ ﻣﻌﻮ. ﺧﻠْﻖ ﻣﺘﻠﻚ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻨّﻚ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﺘّۤﺢ ﻋﻴۤﻦ ﻭﻏﻤّۤﺾ ﻋﻴۤﻦ ﺑﺘﺸـﻮﻓﺎ
ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺟۤﺖ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺮﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻔﺮﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﺳـﺘﻘﻞّ ﺑـﻪ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺷﺮﻳﻚ ،ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ :ﺧﻼ ﺎ ،ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﺮﺩﺍً
ﻻ ﻣﺜﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻴﺎۤﺑﺲ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ
ﺑﻠﱭ ،ﺍﻧﻔﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ. ﻭﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪّﻱ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ" :ﺍٕﻧﻔٕﺮۤﺩ" ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻧـﺎ
ﻭﺃﻧﺖ ﻧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺯ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺮﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻡ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﻔﺮٔﺯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﳓّﺎﻩ ،ﻋﺰﻟﻪ،
ﻓﺼﻠﻪ ،ﻣﺎﺯﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﺘﻨﺎﻢ[ :ﳓﻨۤﻪ -ﻟﻮ ﺁﻧﻔﺮﻣﻨﺎ – ﻣﺎ ﻣْﻨﺮﺟﻊ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺮﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺵ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺰّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺰّ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺮﺽ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺍﳊﻜﻢَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳـﻨﱠﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺁﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﻻﺯﻡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺟﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻛـﺒﲑ ﺃﻭ ﺍٕﻟـﻮ
ﻭﺃﻭﺟﺒﻪ ،ﺍﳋﺸﺒﺔ َ :ﺣﺰّﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻳٕﻨﻔﺰّ ﻟﻠﻮ )ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺽ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻮّﻝ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺮﺯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﺷـﻘﻪ،
ﻓﺴﺨﻪ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﻔﺮﻁ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﻨۤﺐ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ -ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻔﺰۤﺭ ﻭﺍﻧﻘﻠۤﻊ.
ﻭﺃﻧﻜﺮ "ﺍﻧﻔﺮﻁ" ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺰﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺰِﻉ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
"ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ" ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﻔﺮّﻕ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﻃۤﺖ ﺍﳌﺴـﺒﺤﺔ ،ﺍﻧﻔﺮﻃـﺖ
ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺲ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔُﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺍﳉﻤﻌﻴّﺔ ،ﺍﻧﻔﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻧﻔﺮﻃﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻧﺔ.
ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺑﺎً ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻗﺪْﺭُﻩ ﻭﺧﻄﺮُﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﻃﺖ ﺍﳊﻜﺎۤﻳۤﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺮﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺎ ﺗﻔﺮﻉ ﻣـﻦ
ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺑﺘﻌﺮۤﻑ ﺃٕﻧّﻮ ﺃﻧﻔﺲ ﺁﺛـﺎﺭ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﺍﻧﺘﺸـﻠۤﺖ
ﺃﺻﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﺍﻧﺒﺎﻋۤﺖ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺮﻍ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺴﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﺴﺢ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥُ :ﺍﺗّﺴﻊ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗْﺤٔﻘّٔـﻖ ﻣﺸـﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﺍﺕ
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺮﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﻕ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ :ﺍﻧﻔﺼﻞ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺑﻨﻔﺴﺢ ﻗﺪّﺍﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﺎﻝ ﻟَﻤﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﻛﺘﲑۤﺓ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺟُﻌِﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﻓﺮﻳﻘﲔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﺼﺎﻝ. ﺍٕﻧﻔﺴﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﺴﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓﺴﺪ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺾّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔـﺾّ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ :ﺗﻔﺮﻗـﻮﺍ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﺇﺑـﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ
ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﻔﺴﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺴـﲑﺓ ﻭﻗـﺪ ﺍﻧﻔﺴـﺪ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻔﻀّۤﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎۤﻟۤﺔ ،ﺍﻧﻔﻀّۤﺖ ﺍﳊﻜﺎۤﻳۤﺔ،
ﻭﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﻷﻥ "ﻓﺴﺪ" ﻻﺯﻡ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺼﺎﻍ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬـﻮﻝ ﻭﻻ
ﺍﻧﻔﺾّ ﺍﻠﺲ.
ﻳﺒﲎ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺤﻀﺮ ﺃٕﻡّ ﺭﺯﻭﻕ ﺇٕﻻّ ﺑﻜـﻮﻥ
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺶّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﺶ ﺍﳉﺮﺡُ :ﺳﻜﻦ ﻭﺭﻣـﻪ،
ﺍﻧﻔﺾّ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢُ :ﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻕّ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً
ﺍٕﻧﻔﻀﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﺤﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﻓُﺘِﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﻞ ﺑﻐﲑ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺣﻪ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴّﻬﺎ :ﺍﻓﺘﻀﺢ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ "ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ" ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻧﻔﻀﺢ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺸَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺸﺎ ﺍﳋﱪُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻄﻠﻊ ﻋﺎﻷﺳﻄٔﺤٔﺔ ﺑﻨﻔﻀـﺢ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻋﺮﺿﻮ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺸﺦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺸﺦ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﻔﻄﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﻄَﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺋﻢُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻔﺸۤﺦ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺗَﻤـﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﺜﺒَﺖ ﻫﻼﻝ ﺭﻣﻀـﺎﻥ ﺑﻜـﺮﺍ ﻳٕﻘﺼٔﺮ.
ﺑﻨﻔﻄۤﺮ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺸﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺸﻞ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﻔﻄﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﻄِـﺲ ﻭﻣـﻦ ﻓﻄِـﺲ ﺃﻧﻔُـﻪ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ( :ﺗﻄﺎﻣﻨﺖ ﻗﺼﺒﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻔﺸﻠۤﺖ ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ﻭﺍٕﺟﺮﻭ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﻄﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﻄﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻓﻄﻤﻪ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺺّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺺّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﻄﺎﻡ. ﺍﻧﺘﺰﻋﻪ ﻭﺍﻓﺘﺮﺯﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﻔﻄﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻟـﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺑْﻌﻴﻨﻴـﺔ ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺗﻔﺼﻔﺺ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﺴﺤﻞ ﺻٕﺮﻣﻮٓ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺼٔﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐُ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺾَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(
ﺍٕﻧﻔﻄﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﻄَﻦ ﻟﻸﻣﺮ ﻭﺑﻪ ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺃﺩﺭﻛﻪ ،ﻓﻬﻤﻪ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﺼٔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﺼﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﻣـﻦ ﻛـﺬﺍ:
ﺍﻧﻜﺸﻒ ،ﺍﳓﺴﺮ ،ﺧﺮﺝ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻗﻌﺪ ﻭﻣـﺪّ
ﺭﺟﻠﻪ ﻭﺃﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ،ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻌﺪﺓ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﻋﻦ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ
ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃﻋﺮﺝ.
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ :ﻭﺍﻧﻔﻬﻢ ﳊﻦ. ﺍٕﻧﻔﻠﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﻠﺖ :ﲣﻠّﺺ ،ﳒﺎ ،ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ:
ﺗﻮﺛّﺐ.
ﺃَﻧْﻔِﻴﺘْﻴﺎﺗْﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :AMPHITHEATRE :ﺣﻮﻝ
ﺍﳌﺴﺮﺡ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻓﺴﺤﺔ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﻀﻲّ ﺃﻭ ﻣـﺪﻭّﺭ ﺫﺍﺕ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﻠﺒﻮ ﻣﻌﺒّﻰ ﻋﻠﻴۤﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺃﺟـﺎ
ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﻭﻧﻮﺍﻓﺬ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ. ﻭﺍﻧﻔﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓَﺮﺩ ﻓﻠﺘﺔ.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ :ﺍﳌَﺪْﺭَﺝ. ﺍٕﻧﻔﻠﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓُﻠﺞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺻﻴﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﰿ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺃَﻧْﻔﻴّۤﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﻁ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﻷﻧﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺮﻧﻮﻃﻲ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻔﻠﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻭﺍٕﺟﺮﻳﻪ ،ﺍﻧﻔﻠـﺞ
ﺣﻨﻜﻮ -ﺃﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻋﺎﻓﻴﻨﺎ .-
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ENFIÉ :
ﺍٕﻧﻔﻠﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻠﺢ ﺍﻷﺭﺽَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺃَﻧّٔﻖ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣْﺄَﻧّٔﻖ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺄﻧﻖ.
ﺍٕﻧﻔﻠﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﻠﻊ :ﺍﻧﻔﻠﻖ ،ﺍﻧﺸﻖّ.
ﺍﻷﻧﻘﻰ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧَﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺍٕﻧﻔﻠﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻧﺸﻖّ.
ﻧﻈُﻒ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺭﺍﻳﺢ ﺑﻨﻔٕﻠۤﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﳌﻨﻄﻖ ﺍﻷﻋﻮﺝ.
ﺍٕﻧﻘﺎﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻘﺎﺩ :ﺧﻀﻊ ﻭﺫﻝّ ﻭﺃﺫﻋـﻦ،
ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻗﺎﺩ. ﺃَﻧﻔﻠﻮﻧْﺰَﻩ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﻧﻔﻠﻮﻧﺰﺍ ،ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﺃﻟﱪﺕ ﺭﳛـﺎﻥ ﰲ
"ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﺘﻪ" ﺃﻧﻔﻠﻮﻧﺰﺍ :ﻧﺰﻟﺔ ﺻﺪﺭﻳﺔ ﺗﺼﺤﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﻤّﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺷـﺢ
ﺍٕﻧﻘﺎﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻘﺎﺱ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻗﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺸﻲ َﺀ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﻢ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ.INFLUENZA :
ﺑﻐﲑﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑﻩ :ﻗﺪّﺭﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐُ ﻗﻌﺮَ ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺣﺔ:
ﻗﺪّﺭ ﻏﻮﺭﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻗﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺣﺔ. ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.GRIPPE :
ﺍٕﻧﻘﺮﺽ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﻘﺮﺿﺖ ﺇﺻﺒﻌﺘﻮ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣـﻦ ﺍٕﻧﻘﺮّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺮّﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻗﺮﺽ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻘﺮﻁ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﻜُﺮّﺍﺙ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﻄﻌـﻪ ﺍٕﻧﻘﺮﺍ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﺃ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ
ﻗﻄﻌﺎً ﺻﻐﺎﺭﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺧﺼﺼﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻁ ﻭﺳﻬﻠﻮﺍ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ.
ﺑﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻷﺳﻨﺎﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﳌﺼﺤﻒ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﻘﺮﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ
ﺑﻘﺮﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﲑۤﻱ ﻳﺎ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﰊ ﰲ ﺗْﻤـﺎﻡ ﳌـﺎ
ﺑﺘﻘﺮٓﻁ ﺑﻄﻠﻊ ﺻﻮﺕ ﻗﺮﻃﺎ ﺷﻲ ﻏﺮﺍﻡ ﻭﺃﻃﻴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻷﻧﻐﺎﻡ، ﺃَﻧْﻘﺮﺍﺗۤﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲤّﲔ :ﰎّ ﺟﺤﺶ ﺃٔﺑﻮ ﺯﻣﺮ ﺟﻨـﺐ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﻧْﻘﲑﺗﺎٓ :ﺍﻹﺟّﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺼﺎﻉ ،ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ
ﺣﻮﺷﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﻴﻘﺔ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﻀﻴﻖ ﻣﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﻠﻴـﻞ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﰲ "ﺣﻠﺐ" .ﺹ.٧٦
ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺳﻘٔﺎﻓﻨﺎ ﻭﺑَﺒْﺮﻙ ﺟﻨﺐ ﺟﺤﺶ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﻣﺮ ،ﻭﺗﻌﺎ ﻣﻌـﻲ
ﻭﺍﲰﺎﻉ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﲑﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﻨﺎﺕ ﳌـﺎ ﺑﻨﻘﺮﻃـﻮ ﻣـﻦ ﰎ ﺍٕﻧﻘﺮﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮِﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻫﺎﳉﺤﺶ ﺍﻟﻔﻨّﺎﻥ ،ﻳﺎ ﺃﷲ ! ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺃﺣﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﺍﳍﺎﺩﻱ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﳍﺎﺩﻱ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻣﺎﺣﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻓـﻮﺍ ﺍﺻـﺤﺎﰊ
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻃﺒﻌٔﻚ ﻋﻘﺮﰊ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻘﺮۤﺏ ﻣﻨّﻚ.
ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﻟﻠﻮ ﺷﻌﻴۤﺒﻴّۤﺔ ﺃﻛﻼ ﺍﳊﻴۤﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﴰﺸﻤﺎ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﻭﻳـﻦ
ﺻﻮﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻮﺕ. ﺍٕﻧﻘﺮﺩ] :ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻘﺮۤﺩ ﳏﻠّﻚ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻟـﻚ:
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺟﻠﺲ ﳐﺰﻳـﺎً
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱐ ﰎ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺃٕﱄ ﻭﺑﺘٕﺸـﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﻃـﺎﺗﻮ
ﻛﺎﻟﻘﺮﺩ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ.
ﻟﻘﺮﻃﺎﺕ ﺟﺤﺶ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﻣﺮ ﺃﷲ ﻳﻨﻀّﺮﱄ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻮ ،ﻭﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﺼﺎﺣﱯ
ﻫﻴﻚ ﻭﺑﺎﺧﺪﻭ ﻭﺑﺴﻤﻌﻮ ﻭﺑﻄﻠﺐ ﺃﺟﻴﺐ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﺼﻮﺗﲔ ﺍٕﻧْﻘٔﺮٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﺷﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍﻷﺧﻮﻳﻦ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺻﺎﺣﱯ ﳍﻠّٔﻖ ﻣﺎ ﺭٕﺿﻲ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻘﺮﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏَ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﺾ ﺑﻨﻘﺮۤﺵ ﻗﺮﺵ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻘﺮﺹ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﺻﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻣﺴﻚ ﺑﻠﺤﻤﻪ
ﺍٕﻧﻘﺮﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮَِﻉ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﻭﻟﻮﻯ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺄﺻﺒﻌﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺙُ ﻭﳓـﻮﻩ :ﻟﺴـﻌﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳊﻴّـﺔ:
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻟﺪﻏﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ :ﻏﺴﻠﻪ ﺑـﺄﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻷﺻـﺎﺑﻊ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺹ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻏﺴﻞ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻜـﻞ ،ﻛﻤـﺎ
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻗﺮﺹ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻗﻠﻌﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ[ :ﻳٕﻨﻘٕﺼۤﻒ ﻋٕﻤﺮﻭٓ. ﺍٕﻧﻘﺴﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ
ﻗﺴﻤﻪ :ﺟﺰّﺃﻩ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺗﻔﺮﻕ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﻧﻘﻠﺐ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻘﺾّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﻘـ ّ
ﺾ
ﺑﻌﺾ.
ﺍﳉﺪﺍﺭُ :ﺗﺼﺪّﻉ ﻭﺳﻘﻂ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮُ :ﻫﻮﻯ ﻟﻴﻘﻊ ،ﻭﺍﳋﻴﻞُ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ:
ﺍﻧﺪﻓﻌﺖ.
ﻭﺍﳌﻜﺘﺐ ﺳﻜﻮﺕ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺴﻤﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻏﲑ ﺟﻈﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻠـﻢ ]ﻟﻮﺣﺔ[ :ﺗﻌﺎ ﻣﻌﻲ ﲞﻴﺎﻟﻚ ﻷﺻﻮﺭ ﻟﻚ ﺍﳌﻜﺘـﺐ
ﻋﺎﻟﻮﺭﻕ ،ﺃﺳﺘﻐﻔﺮ ﺍﷲ ،ﻗﻮﻝ :ﺟﻮﻗﺔ ﺟﻈﺎﺕ ﻳﺘﺨﻠﻠﻬﺎ ﳊﺴﺎﺕ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺳﺘﲔ ﺳﻨۤﺔ ،ﺑَﻘﺼٓﺪ ﺑﺎﳌﻜﺘﺐ :ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻫﻴّـﻪ ﺃﺭﻗـﻰ
ﺍﻟﻼﺣﺴﲔ ﻭﻗَﻄﺎﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻳﻦ. ﺑﻜﺘﲑ ﻣﺎﻟﺸﻴﺦ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺶ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺐ ﺃﺭﻗﻰ؟ ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺘـﺐ
ﺯﻳﺎﺩۤﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﳋﻂ ﻭﺍﻹٕﻣﻼ ﻭﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ ،ﻫٔﻠّٔـﻖ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﲔ ﳊﲔ ﲜﻲ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﻐﻄﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻓٕﻬﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﺮ ﰲ ﻧﻈﺮﺗٓﻦ ﻻﺑﻦ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺐ ﻧﻈﺮﺓ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺇﻛﺒـﺎﺭ
ﻫﺎﻟﺼﻮﺍﺕ. ﻭﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ.
ﺍٕﻧﻘﻄﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﺐ ﺟﺮﺍﺑﻮ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﲔ :ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﻋﻠـﻲ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﳋﻄﻴﺐ ﻭﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻗﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﻘٔﻄٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ ﻭﻗﻄـﺮ ﺍﳌـﺎﺀَ ﻭﻗﻄـﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻴﺖ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ،ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﻢ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﻋﲔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ.
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻛﻮﻥ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋٔﺒﻜﺮﺍ ﻟﻠﻀﻬﺮ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻀﻬﺮ ﺇٕﻣﻼ ﻭﺷﻮﻳﺔ
ﺍٕﻧﻘٔﻄٔﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﺶ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺷﻮﻑ ﺍﻭﻻﺩ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺐ ﰲ ﺍﳋﻂ ﺃٕﺟﺮﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﲔ ﻣٕﺘﻨﻴّۤﺔ
ﺍٕﻧﻘٔﻄٔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﳊﺒﻞُ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻗﻄﻊ - ﻭﻣﺴﻨﻮﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺪّٓﻥ ﻳٕﺴﻨﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﻀﺎ ﺍﳌﺎ ﻫﻲ
ﻣﺴﻄّﺮﺓ ﻭﺑﺪﻥ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﺍ ﺳْﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﺳﺎۤﻭﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧۤـﺖ ﺍﻹﻳـﺪ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ،-ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﻟﺰﻡ ﺻﺤﺒﺘﻪ.
ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻈﺒﻂ ﺍﻟﺴﺎۤﻭﻱ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴـﻄﺮ ﻟَﻔـﻮﻕ ﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﻌﺎﺷـﻮ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄـﻊ ﻋـﻦ ﺎﻳﺘﻮ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻟَﺘﺤﺖ ﻓﻴﺎﻟﻄﻴﻒ ﻭﻳﺎﻟﻄﻴﻒ ،ﻭﻳﺎﺍﷲ ﻳﺎﻓﻬﻴﻢ ﺍﳊـﺎﺭﺓ
ﺍﺻﺤﺎﺑﻮ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﻗﻠﺒﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﻓﻮ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄـﻊ ﺣﻴﻠـﻮ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄـﻊ ﻭﺍﻛﺘﻮﺏ ﻧﺺّ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﻔﺔ ﺛﻠٓﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱐ ﺭٕﻗﻌﺔ،
ﺿﻬﺮﻭ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﻭﺑﺮﻙ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﺣﻠﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄـﻊ
ﺍﳌﻄﺮ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ،
ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻌﺖ ﺫّﺭﻳﺘـﻮ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻌـﺖ ﺷـﻬﻮﺗﻮ،
ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻌﺖ ﺍﳌﻲ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﻳۤﺔ.
ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﺄﻭﻝ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺣﺴـﲏ ﺍٕﻧﻘﻄﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺰﻋﻴﻢ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﰒ ﲡﺎﻭﺯﺕ ﺍﻻﻧﻘﻼﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ. ﺍٕﻧﻘﻌﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻌﺪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺪّﻭ ﺍﻧﻘﻠﺐ
ﻟﻀٕﺪّﻭ. ﺍٕﻧﻘﻔٔﺰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻔﺰ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻹٕﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﻘﻠﺐ ﺣﻈﻮ ﺑﻨﻘﻠـﺐ
ﻋﻘﻠﻮ. ﺍٕﻧﻘﻔﺰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻔﺰ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﻨﺎﻫـﺎ
ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻘﻠﺒۤﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻮّﺍﻳۤﺔ.
ﺍٕﻧﻘﻔﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻘﻔﺶ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ ﻭﳓـﻮﻩ:
ﺍٕﻧﻘﻠﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻘﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻗﻠﻌـﻪ: ﺍﳒﺤﺮ ﻭﺿﻢّ ﺟﺮﺍﻣﻴﺰﻩ ) :ﺃﻱ ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻤﻪ( .ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً
ﺍﻧﺘﺰﻋﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻠﻪ. ﲟﻌﲎ ﺧُﺰِﻱ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻳﺎ ﺍﻧﻄﺒۤﻊ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻧﻘﻠۤﻊ. ﺍٕﻧﻘﻔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻘﻔﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕُ :ﻳﺒﺲ ﻭﺗﺼﻠّﺐ،
ﻭﻋﻨﻪ :ﺍﻣﺘﻨﻊ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ ﺍﳉﻠﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﺍﻩ
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺭﻭ ﻋﻦ ﻭﭼّﻲ :ﺍﻧﻘٕﻠۤﻊ.
ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ.
ﺍٕﻧﻘﻤﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍٕﻧﻘﻔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻘﻔﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏُ :ﺍﻧﻐﻠﻖ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻘﻤﺰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻤﺰ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﻘﻠَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻼ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢَ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻘﻤﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻤﻂ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺃَﻧﻜﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﺤﺪﻩ ،ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺃٕﻧﻜﺘﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺘﻊ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﻘﺒﻀـﺖ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻋﺎﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻌﻪ ﻭﺭﺟﻌﺖ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻔﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻧﻜٔﺎﺭ.
ﺍٕﻧﻜﺘﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﻔﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺷﺪّ ﻳﺪﻳـﻪ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﻷﻧﻜﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧَﻜِﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﻬﻠـﻪ
ﺧﻠﻒ ﻛﺘﻔﻴﻪ ﻭﺃﻭﺛﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻜِﺘﺎﻑ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﺟﺤﺪﻩ.
ﺍٕﻧﻜﺘﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻜﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﱡ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻛﺘﻤﻪ:
ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﻭﻧﻜﲑ] :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻳﺰﻋﻤـﻮﻥ ﺃﻤـﺎ
ﺃﺧﻔﺎﻩ ،ﺳﺘﺮﻩ.
ﻣﻠﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﺄﻻﻥ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺩﻓﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺍﲰﻬﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣُﻨﻜَﺮ
ﻭﻧﻜﲑ. ﺍﻷﻧﻜﺢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻃٕﻠۤﻊ ﺃٔﺑﻮ ﻋٕﻤٔﺮ ﺃﻧﻜـﺢ ﻣـﻦ
ﺟﺎﺭﻭ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻗﻮﻯ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻜﺢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﻡ ﻋﺎﻟﻌﺘﻤﺔ ﻭﺣﺪﻭ ﰲ ﺑﻴـﺖ
ﺗﺰﻭّﺝ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻷﻧﻜﺢ :ﺍﻷﻗﺪﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ،ﺃﻭ ﻫـﻲ
ﺑﻄﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﻭﻧﻜﲑ.
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷﻧﻜﻰ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻟﻮﺣﺔ[ :ﻳﻐﺴﻞ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺴﻞ ﲟﺎﺀ ﺳـﺎﺧﻦ
ﺍٕﻧﻜَﺤٔﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺤﺖ )ﺍﻟﺼـﻔﺔ ﺍﳌﺸـﺒﻬﺔ
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ ،ﰒ ﺗﺴﺪّ ﺛﻐﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﺴﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻄﻦ ﻭﺗﺮﺑﻂ ،ﰒ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﻘﺼﲑ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﻛﺤﺖ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻴﻞ
ﻳﺮﺵ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﺔ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﰒ ﻳﻜﻔّـﻦ ﰒ ﻳﻮﺿـﻊ ﰲ
ﻛﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻡ ﻳﻼﺯﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻝ ،ﻧﻌﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺤﺖ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻮﺕ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻏﻄﺎﺋﻪ ﺍﳋﺸﱯ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﺷﻴﺨﺎً ﻭﺑﻐﻄﺎﺋـﻪ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻻﺯﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻞ.
ﻫﺬﺍ ﺇﻥ ﺷﺎﺑﺎً ﺃﻭ ﺃﻧﺜﻰ ﻭﻳﺪﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻮﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﳓﻮﻩ ،ﻭﺭﺍﺳﻴّﺔ
ﺍﻟﻐﻄﺎﺀ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻮﺎ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻪ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﰲ ﺣﻴﺎﺗـﻪ -ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻧﻜﺪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻜِﺪ ﻋﻴﺸُﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﲦﻴﻨﺎً -ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻳﻌﻘﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺳـﻴﺔ ﻋَﺴُﺮ.
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻴﺸﻤﻖ ﻣﺮﺩﻭﺩﺍً ،ﻭﻳﻐﺮﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺰﻫـﺮ ﺫﻱ
ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ ،ﻭﳛﻤﻞ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺯﺓ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﻛﺘـﺎﻓﻬﻢ ﺍٕﻧﻜﺪّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺪّﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺗﻌﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﻭﺣﻮﳍﻢ ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﻳﺒﺎﺩﻟﻮﻢ ،ﻭﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﺃﻫﻠـﻪ ﻭﺻـﺤﺒﻪ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺭﻓﻪ ،ﻭﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻮﺕ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺷﻴﺦ ﻳﺼﻴﺢ :ﺁﻣﲔ ﻭﺍﳊﻤـﺪ ﷲ ﺍٕﻧﻜﺪّ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﺘﻨﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺎ ﲟﺸﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻮﺍﻧـﺎ
ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ ﻳﺎ ﺃٕﺧﻮﺍﻥ ! ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃٔﺧﻮﻛٓﻦ :ﻣﺼـﻄﻔﻰ ﻟَﻠّـﻮٓ ﺃﺵ ﺑﻨﻜَﺪّ ﻟَﱪّﺍ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺪّﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻃﺮﺩﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺑﺘﺸﻬﺪﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻊ ﺑﺼﻮﺕ ﻏـﲑ ﻣﺴـﻤﻮﻉ :ﺍﷲ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻳﺮﲪﻮ ،ﻭﳝﺸﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺯﺓ ﺻﺎﺋﺤﲔ :ﻻ ﺇﻟـﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﳏﻤـﺪ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ،ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ...ﻭﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻓﻴﺼﻴﺢ :ﺍﻟﻔﺎﲢﺔ ﻟﺮﻭﺡ ﺍٕﻧﻜﺪﺡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻛَﺪَﺡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﺟَﻬَـﺪ،
ﺍﳌﺮﺣﻮﻡ... ﻭﻟﻌﻴﺎﻟﻪ :ﻛﺴﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﻜﺸﻒ ﺩﻳﻠـﻮ ﻋﻠـﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ
ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻡ. ﺍﻟﺸﺮّ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﺗٕﺘﻴﺴّـﺮ ﻭْﻻۤﺩﺓ ﺣٕﺮﻣۤـﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﻨّﻴﻚ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﻋَﺤَﻖ ﺻـﺎﺑﻮﻧۤﺔ
ﻻﺯﻡ ﳚﻴﺒﻮﻻ ﻟﺒﺎۤﺱ ﺭﺟّﺎﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﻜﺸﻒ ﺩﻳﻠﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ. ﲡﻴﺒﺎ ﻟَﺒﻴۤﺘﻚ )ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻴﺘﻚ ﻭﺳﺦ(.
ﺍٕﻧﻜﻌﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻌﺐ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ ﺳَﻢّ ﺍﻟﱪﺩ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺘّﺎۤﻳۤﺔ ﻋﻮٓﺟﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﻠّﺴﺘﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﻜﺴـﺮ.
ﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧـﺎﻁ
ﺍٕﻧﻜﻒّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛ ّ ﺻﺎﺑﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﲪﻮﻱ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺎﺷﺮﺕ ﺑﺄۤﻳﺶ ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮﺕ.
ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺘﻪ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺷﻠّﻬﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺣﺒﻴﱯ ﻛَﻤّﻞ ﻛﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﱐ :ﺃﻗـﺮﻉ
ﺍٕﻧﻜﻒّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﻜﻒّ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺲ ﻭﺻﻒّ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺃﻧﻜﺶ ﻭﻣﻌﺠﺒﺎﱐ ﻭﳌﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺑﻔّﻠﺖ ﻗﺴﻤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﺎﱐ.
ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻧﻜﻔﺄﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ :ﻣﺎﻟﺖ ﻭﺍﻧﻘﻠﺒﺖ.
ﺍٕﻧﻜﺴﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻜﺴﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ:
ﺍٕﻧﻜﻔﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻔﺖ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍﺣﺘﺠﺒﺎ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻜﺴﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺴﻔﻪ ﺍﳊﺰﻥ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(
ﺍٕﻧﻜﻔﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻔﺢ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍﻷﻧﻜﺶ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻧﻜﺸﺎﱐ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸـﺒﻬﺔ
ﺍٕﻧﻜﻔﺦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻔﺦ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﰲ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﳔﻔﺎﺿﺎﺕ ﺑﺜﻮﺭ ﺑﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﻣﺮﺽ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻜﺶّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺸّﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻃﺮﺩﻩ ﻭﺯﺟﺮﻩ.
ﺍٕﻧﻜﻔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻔﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﻧﻜﺶّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺶّ ﺍﳉﻠﺪُ :ﺗﻘﺒّﺾ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺻـﻠﻬﺎ
ﻛﺮﺵ ﺍﳉﻠﺪ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻜﻔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻔﻞ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻓﻼﻧﺎً )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻹﳒﻜﺎﺭﻱ . ﺍﻹﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻱ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٧ﺹ.٤٨١ ﺍﻹﻧﻜَﻠﻴﺰ :ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﺍﳉﺮﻣﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﺣﺘﻞ ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ ﻡ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﲰﺎﻩ :ﺍﻧﻜﻴﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺹ ٢٤٠ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺱ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻏﺒّﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﻜَﻠﻴﺰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﲝّﺮ
ﻭﲰﺘﻪ ﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ :ﺃﺳﻜﻲ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ، ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻠﻲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺒّﺮ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻫﺬﻩ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻳﺔ :ﻗﺒـﻞ
ﲢﺪﻳﺎً ﻟﻸﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﲰﻮﻩ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ )ﺗﻘﺮﺃ :ﻳﲏ ﺩﻧﻴـﺎ( ﺃﻱ: ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﺮﻥ(.
ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ ،ﺗﻮﳘﻮﺍ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ،ﺃﻭ ﺃﺭﺍﺩﻭﺍ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﲦـﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻴﻊ. ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﺒﺪﻭ ﺍﻣﺒﺎۤﺭﺣﺔ ﺣﻜﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﻕ :ﰲ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍٕﲰﺎ
ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻏﲑﺍ ﺍٕﲰﺎ ﺃﻧﻜَﻨﻜَﲑﺍ ﺗﻨﻴﻨﺎﺗﻦ ﲢـﺎﺭﺑﻮﺍ ﻣـﻊ
ﻭﲰﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺍﻷﻧﻜﺪﻭﻧﻴﺎ. ﺑﻌﻀﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻏﺪۤﺭ ﳜﻠّﺼٓﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻹﻧﻜَﻠﻴﺰ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٨ﺹ ٤٩٨ﻭ. ٥٠٤
ﺃَﻧﻜِﻨﺎﺭ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﳊﺮﺷﻮﻑ ،ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻲ ﺷﻮﻛﻲ ﻋﻦ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ٢٥ﺹ :٥٥ﺃﻧﻜﻴﺪﻧﻴﺎ. ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ" :ﺃﻧﻜﻲ" :ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﻙ ،ﻭ"ﻧٔﺎﺭ" :ﺍﻟﺮﻣّﺎﻥ.
ﺃﻧﻜﻴﺰ ﻛﻨﱵ :ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﳌﺎﺭﺩﻝ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻳـﻦ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ:
ﻛﻨﺖ ؟ ﻣﻦ "ﺃﻳﻦ" :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﳌﻜـﺎﻥ ،ﺑﻌـﺪﻫﺎ
ﻭﺃﻧﻜﻲ ﻧﺎﺭ ﰲ ﻣﻔﺮﻭﻡ ﳊﻢ
"ﻛﻴﺰ" :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺄ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻔﻰ.
ﺑﻠﺬﺗﻪ ﺩٕﺭﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﺭﻑ
ﺍٕﻧﻼﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻻﺵ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺃﻧﻜﻴﺪﻳﻨﺎ :ﲦﺮ ﺫﻭ ﻧﻮﻯ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻟﺬﻳﺬ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﻢ ،ﻣﻨﻈـﺮ
ﺷﺠﺮﻩ ﲨﻴﻞ ،ﺍﻋﺘﻨﺖ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ﺑﻐﺮﺳﻪ ،ﻭﻃﻨﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ.
ﺍٕﻧﻼﺹ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻻٔﺹ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﺍﳊﺒﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺃﻧﻜﻴﺪ ﻧﻴﺎﻱ ﺃﻭﺃﻧﻜﻴﺪﻧﻴﺎﻳۤﺔ.
ﺍٕﻧﻼﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻻﻙ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﻤﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﻭﺩﺧﻞ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺳﻨﺔ .١٨٣٢
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
FIGUÉ D'INDIA ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﻧﻜﻴﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـﺔ:
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳋﺎﺋﻦ ﺑﻨﻼﻙ. ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺗﲔ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ.
ﺍٕﻧﻼﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻻﻣﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﻭﲰﺘﻪ ﻛﺘﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﻋـﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﺸـﻤﺶ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻱ.
ﺍٕﻧﻠﺴﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺴﻌﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻠﺖ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺎﳉﺮﻡ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻠﺠﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﳉﻢ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍٕﻧﻠﺼﻖ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻧﻠﺰﻕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻠﻂّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻄّﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺼﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻠﺤﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻟَﺤِﺲ ﻳﺪﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﻌِﻘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻠﻄٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻟَﻄَﻰ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺽ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﺰﻕ ﺎ ﺍٕﻧﻠﺤﻆ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﳊﻈﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺭﺍﻗﺒﻪ ،ﻧﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﲟﺆﺧﺮ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻠﻄﺦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻄﺨﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﻮّﺛﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻠﺤﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﳊِﻖ ﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻠﻄﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻄﺶ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻋَﻨﺪﻭ ﺷﻐﻞ ﻛﺘﲑ :ﺍﻧﻠﺤﻖ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻠﺤﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﳊﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻠۤﺔ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻻﺯۤﻡ ﻣﺎ ﻳٕﻨﻜـﺐ ﻣﻴّۤـﺔ ﻏۤﺎﻟﻴۤـﺔ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﲤﺎ ﻧﻨﻠﻄۤﺶ ﻣﺎﳉﺎﻥ ،ﻻﺯﻡ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻛﺒّﺎ ﻧﺰﻣﺰۤﻕ ﻭﻧْﺼﻴﺢ:
ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﺎﺣﺎﺿﺮﻳﻦ !. ﺍٕﻧﻠﺨﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﳋﻢ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻠﻄﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻄﻊ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﺘﲑ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﲔ ﺍﳌـﺎ ﺑﻨﻠٕﺨﻤـﻮﺍ ﰲ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺟﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺠﺮ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﺗﺼﺮﻑ
ﺍٕﻧﻠﻄﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻄﻤﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺇٕﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻠَﺪﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺪﻉ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳕﺮّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮّ ﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺍٕﳕﺎﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳕﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻠـﺢُ ﰲ ﺍﳌـﺎﺀ :ﺫﺍﺏ،
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺀُ :ﺟﺮﻯ.
ﺍٕﳕﺮٔﺱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣَﺮﺱَ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍٕﳕﺎﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻝ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻘٔﻤٔـﺮﺩِﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﺼـﻔّﻰ ﺑﻨﻤـﺮﺱ ﺍٕﳕﺎﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺣﺘﻤـﻞ ﻣﺌﻮﻧﺘـﻪ
ﻛﻮﻳّﺲ. ﺑﻜﻔﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳕﻚّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻚّ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﳕﺴﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﻚ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻣﻚّ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﳕﻜﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺮﻩ ﻭﻣﻜﺮ ﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧﺪﻋﻪ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳋـﻮﺭﻱ ﻭﲰـﻚ ﺍﻟﺒـﻮﺭﻱ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﻋﺼﻔﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﻱ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻤﺴﻜﻮﺍ.
ﺍٕﳕﻞّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻞّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻔﺪۤﺓ :ﻻ ﺑﻨﻤﺴۤـﻚ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﻻ ﺑﻨﺒﺎﺱ.
ﺍٕﳕﻼ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻸ ﺍﻻﻧﺎﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍٕﳕﺸَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﻰ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ ،ﻭﺳﻬﻠﻮﺍ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﺒﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺒﺶ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲨﻌـﻪ، ﺍٕﳕﻠﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣَﻠِﺺ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻓﻠـﺖ
ﻭﻟﻌﻴﺎﻟﻪ :ﻛﺴﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﺒﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺒﻂ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﳓﻂّ. ﺍٕﳕﻠﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻂ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﺒﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺒﻞ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﳕﻠﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﺘﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺘﺮ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺰّﻗﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﳕﻦّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣَﻦّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﺘﻒ :ﺑﲎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺘﻒ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﳕﻨﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﺘﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺘﻚ ﺍﻟﺴِﺘﺮ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻫﺘﻜﻪ:
ﺧﺮﻗﻪ. ﺍٕﳕﻬﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﻬﺮﻫﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﺠﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺠﺎﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﺪّﺩ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍٕﳕﻬﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻣَﻬَﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﺠﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺠﺮﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺃَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﺑﻠﻐﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ.
ﺍٕﺠﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺠﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇٔﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﺎﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺍٕﺠﻦ :ﺑﲎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻫَﺠُﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﺎﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀُ :ﺍـﺪﻡ ﻭﺳـﻘﻂ،
ﺍٕﺪّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺪّ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖُ :ﺍﳓﻂّ ،ﺍﺪﻡ. ﻭﺍﳋﺮﻕ :ﺍﻧﺼﺪﻉ.
ﺍٕﺪﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺍﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﺎﺭٕﺕ ﺃﻋﺼﺎﺑﻮٓ.
ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﺎﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍـﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏُ :ﺍﻧﺼﺐّ.
ﺍٕﻒّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻒّ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬـﻢ[ :ﺣﺴـﺒﻨﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻫـﺎﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﻣﺼﺎﺭﻳﻔﻨﺎ ﻭﻧْﺴﻴﻨﺎ ﻧْﻌٕﺪّ ﻣﺎﳌﺼﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﺪّۤﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﻨﻬﺮۤﺵ.
ﺍٕﻔﺎ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻔﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺶ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻑ ﰲ ﺍﳍـﻮﺍﺀ ﺍٕﺰّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺰّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺫﻫﺐ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣﺎﺕ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻮﻓﺪ :ﺑﲎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻭَﻓَﺪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻣﲑ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺍٕﻧﻮﺷﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﴰﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(َ :ﻗﺪِﻡ ﺭﺳﻮﻻً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻮﻗﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻧﺪﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺪﻗﺪﻕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻮﺻﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺻﻰ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ
ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺕ ﲣﺰﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﻟﻼﺷـﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻘﺔ :ﻓﻴﻨﻮﻗﺪ ﲢﺖ ﺍﳊﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﺑﻴﺞ ﺍﳌﻜﺒﻮﺑـﺔ ﻭﻗـﺮﻡ
ﺍٕﻧﻮﺻﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﳊﺼﺮﻡ ﺍﳌﻌﺼﻮﺭ ﻭ...
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﺇﻥ ﺍﻧﺲَ ﻻ ﺃﻧﺲَ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻠﻔﺘﲏ ﻋﻤﱵ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺳﺖ
ﻛﻠﻔﺘﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺭﻣﻲ ﲢﺖ ﺍﳊﻠّﺔ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﳋﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻔﻨﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺟَﻤﺎﻟﻮٓ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻮﺻۤﻒ.
ﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺎﺭﺓ ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻬﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻋـﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺿـﻮﻋﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍٕﻧﻮﺻﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(
ﺃﳘﻴﺘﻬﺎ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻮﻗﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﻊ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺍٕﻧﻮﺻﻢ :ﺑﲎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺻﻤﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﺎﺑـﻪ
ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻮﻗﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﻒ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻮﺿﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻮﻛﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭَﻛَﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻮﻅّ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻅّ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻮﻛﺰ :ﺑﲎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻛﺰﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍٕﻧﻮﻋٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻋﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻮﻛﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻛَﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍٕﻧﻮﻋٔﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻮﻛﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍٕﻧﻮﻋﻆ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻋﻈﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺍٕﻧﻮﻟﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻟﻒ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍٕﻧﻮﻋﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭُﻋِﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺻـﺎﺑﻪ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﺃﱂ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ "ﺇۤﻩ" ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ ﺍٕﻧﻮﻫﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻫﺒﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ ﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺯﺍﻧﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳌﻮﻗﻒُ ﻗﺮﻳﻨﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺇۤﻳﻪ. ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺇٕﻩْ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻝ ﳚﺴﺪ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻐﻢ: ﺍٕﻧﻮٔﻫٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻫﺮﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻭﻗﻌﻪ ﰲ ﻣـﺎ ﻻ
ﳐﺮﺝ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﺃﻓﺰﻋﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺇٕﻩ ﻳﺎﺍﷲ ﺇٕﻩ ﻳﺎﺍﷲ ﻳﺎﻧﺎﺱ ! ﺻﻠﻮﺍ ﻋﺎﻟﻨﱯ
ﺍٕﻧﻮﻫﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭَﻫَﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺫﻫﺐ ﻭﳘُﻪ ﺇﱃ
ﺇٕﻩ ﻳﺎﺍﷲ ﺇٕﻩ ﻳﺎﺍﷲ ﻭﻣﻨﲔ ﺃﺟﺎﻧﺎ ﻫﺎﻟﺼﱯ ؟
ﺷﻲﺀ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻏﲑﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺇٕﻩ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ "ﺁﻩ" ﻳﺴﺘﻌﲔ ﺎ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺾ.
ﺍٕﻧﻮﻫﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻫﻢ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺇٕﻩ ﺇٕﻩ :ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺎﺀ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﻟﺴﱠﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻘّﺸﺘﺎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ.
ﺇٕﻩ ﺇٕﻩ :ﺻﺎﺭۤﺕ ﺗٕﺒﻜﻲ.
ﭽَﻪ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﻨﺎﻭﻳﺸﺎ.
ﺍﻷﻧَﻮِﻳﭽﺎَ ﻭﺍﻷﻧَﻮﻳ َ
ﺇۤﻩ ﺇۤﻩ :ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ "ﺍﷲ" ﰲ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﺗﻜﺮّﺭ ﻭﺗﻜـﺮﺭ
ﺍﻷﻧﻴﺲ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺆﺍﻧﺲ.
ﻣﻊ ﺗﻮﻗﻴﻊ ﻭﻫﺰّ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻥ.
ﻭﺑﻪ ﲰﻮﺍ ﺫﻛﻮﺭﻫﻢ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﻨﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺳﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻍ ﺃﺗﺮﺩّﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﱪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻴـﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺑـﺎﺏ ﻗﻨﺴـﺮﻳﻦ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺮﺕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻷﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﻧـﻮﺭﻱ
ﺍﻷﻧﻴﻖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﺠِﺐ.
ﺍﻟﻌﻼّﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺗﻨﺎ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻌﻄﻒ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻷﱐ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺷـﻴﺦ ،ﰒ
ﺗﻔﻞ ﱄ ﰲ ﺗﻴﻨﺔ ﺟﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺃﻃﻌﻤﲏ ﺇﻳﺎﻫﺎ :ﺭﻣﺰ ﺇﻳﺪﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺴـﺮّ ،ﰒ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺳﻠّﻤﲏ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﻗﱪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻛﻨﺖ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻋﺘﺰ
ﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﱰﻟﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﻓﻊ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﰲ ﻋـﻴﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻫﻠـﻲ ﺍﻷﻧﲔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃَﻥﱠ :ﺻﻮّﺕ ﻷﱂ ،ﺗﺄﻭّﻩ.
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺟﻨﺎﺯﺗﻮ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﺗﻄﲑ .ﻭﻛﻨﺖ ﺁﻧﺌﺬ ﺩﻳّﻨﺎً
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺭﻋﺎً ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﺍً ﰲ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺡ ﻻ ﺗﻔﻮﺗﲏ ﺍﻟﺼـﻼﺓ ﺣـﱴ
ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﻞ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺮﺿﻰ ﻭﺫﻭﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺘﻮﺳـﻠﻮﻥ ﺇﱄّ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺿـﻊ ﺇۤﻩ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻱ :ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻫـﺎﺀ
ﻗﺎﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺎﺑﻮﺕ ﻏﺮﻓﱵ ﻟﻴﻜـﻮﻥ ﺍﳌـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺖ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺪّ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻟـﺔ ﻻﻟﺘﻘـﺎﺀ
ﺷﺎﻓﻴﺎً ،ﰒ ﻻ ﺳﻴّﻤﺎ ﺣﲔ ﺃﲰﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻳﺘﺤﺪﺛﻦ ﻋﻨّـﻲ ،ﺷـﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﲔ ،ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺇۤﻩ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﻌﺠـﺐ ﻭﻜـﻢ :ﻗـﺎﻟﻮﺍ
ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺷﻴﺦ ﻭﺳﺮّﻭ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻭﳎﺮّﺏ ،ﻫﻴﻚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻚ ﺧـﲑ ﻟﻠﺒﺴﺘﺎۤﱐ :ﺃﺟﲑﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﱐ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺴـﺘﻐﲏ ﻋـﻦ ﺟﺤﺸـﻚ
ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺳﺘﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻳﺎﺻﺎﺣﱯ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﻯﺀ ! ﻭﻳﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﳊﺎﻟﻮ ﺟﺤﺶ ﻭﻳﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﳊﺴﺎﺑﻮ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﺇۤﻩ ﺇۤﻩ ﻣْﻨَﻠﻠﻮ
ﻫﺎﳌﻨﻴّﻞ ﻋﺮﺍﺳﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺟﺎۤﻗﻤﻮ ﺍﳉﻮﻉ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﳌﻬﺘﺮﻱ ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﻠﻲ ﻳٕﻄﻠﺐ ﺃٔﻫٔﺎ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻋﺮّﻳﺴﻨﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺘﺠﻮّﺯ
ﺩﻭﺍ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻴﻞ.
ﺃٔﻫٔﺎ ﲡﻮّﺯ ﻭﻗﻠّﻊ ﻋﻴۤﻨﻴۤﻬٓﻦ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺒﺲ ﺗﻮﺏ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ
ﺃٔﻫٔﺎ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻌﺎً ﰒ ﺣﺪﺙ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ:
ﻫﺎﻟﺘﻮﺏ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ﺘﺮﻱ ﻗٔﻮﺍﻡ.
ﺃٔﻫٔﺎ ﺃٕﻫٕﻪْ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻫﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺫﺍ ﺣﺪﺙ ﻣﺎﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﺘﻮﻗّﻌﻪ:
ﺍٕﻫﺘﺰّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻫﺘﺰّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﲢﺮّﻙ ،ﻟﻸﻣـﺮ: ﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ ﺩﻝّ ﺳﻮﺀ ﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﱄ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﻧـﻪ ﻳﻨﺘﻈـﺮﻩ
ﺍﺭﺗﺎﺡ ﻟﻪ. ﺍﻹﻓﻼﺱ ﰒ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺃﻓﻠﺲ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃٔﻫٔﺎ ﺃﺧﺪ ﺟﺰﺍﺗﻮ.
ﺑﻘﻴﺎﻥ ﻋﻨّﺎ ﻛﺘﲑ ﺷﻐﻼﺕ ﻣـﺎﻻ ﻟـﺰﻭﻡ ﻭﺑٕﺸـﻌﺔ، ﺇۤﻫۤﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻜﻢ.
ﻣﺎﳉﻤﻠۤﺔ ﳌﺎ ﺑﻐﻨّﻲ ﺍﳌﻐﲏ ﺑﺼﻴﺤﻮﺍ :ﺁﻩ ،ﻋﻴﺪﺍ ،ﺩﺧﻴﻞ ﺃﷲ ﻋﻴﺪﺍ،
ﺃَﻫﺎﻥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﻫﺎﻧﻪ :ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻒّ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻘﺮﻩ ﻭﺃﺫﻟّﻪ.
ﻳﺎﺭﻭﺣﻲ ،ﻳﺴﻠﻢ ﻫﺎﻟﺼﻮﺕ ،ﻭﺘـﺰّﻭﺍ ﻭﺑﻘﻮﻣـﻮﺍ ﻭﺑﻘﻌـﺪﻭﺍ
ﻭﺑﻀﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﺑﺒﺴﻄﻮﻧﺎﺗﻦ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺑﺼﻔﻘﻮﺍ ﺑﻨﺺّ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻴّۤﺔ ،ﻭﺷﻔﺖ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻫﺎﻧﺖ ﻭﺇﻫﺎﻧﺎﺕ.
ﻟﻠﻚ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺯﺕّ ﻟَﻔﺘﻮ ﻟَﻔﻮﻕ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻠﻘّﺎﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺑﻴﻌﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ
ﺃٔﺑﻮ ﺷﺎﻻ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺷﻖ ﻗﻤﺒﺎﺯﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻧﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺣﻔﻠﺔ ﺃٕﻡ ﻛﻠﺜـﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﻫﺒَﻞ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷﺑﻠﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﻦ ﻏﻠﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ. ﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ "ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ" ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺍﻷﻫﺒﻞ :ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻘـﻞ
ﻭﺍﻹﺩﺭﺍﻙ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﻫُﺒﻞ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﻫﺒﻼﻧﺔ.
ﺍٕﻫﺘﻀﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻀﻤﻪ ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﺎﺯﻱ :ﺍﺣﺘﻤﻠﻪ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓُﻌِﻞ. ﻭﻫﻢ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﻫَﺒْﻼ .ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﻫٕﺒﻼﻥ.
ﻳﺎ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑَﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﺳﺎﻣﻴﻜﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ "ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ" ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃﻫﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﻟـﻪ:
ﺑﻌﺚ ﺑﻪ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺇﻛﺮﺍﻣﺎً ﻟﻪ .ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻳﻴﲏ :ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻩ ﻭﺃﻫﺪﻯ
ﺃﻓﻀﺎﻟﻜﻦ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺭﺍﺳﻲ ﻭﺑﺎﻳﺶ ﺃﻛﺎﻓﻴﻜﻦ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺃﻫﺪﻯ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺃﻫﻞ :ﻫﻞ :ﺭﺍﻳﺢ ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﻫَﻠِﻲ. ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺳـﻜﻦ،
ﻭﺳﻬﻠﺖ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ :ﻧﺎﺭﻙ ﻭﻻ ﺟﻨـﺔ
ﻫَﻠﻲ. ﺍﻷﻫﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﺸﲑﺓ ،ﺫﻭﻭ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﰉ ،ﻭﺃﻫـﻞ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ :ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﻭُﻻﺗﻪ ،ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ :ﺳـﻜﺎﻧﻪ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﺄﻛﻠﻮ ﻳﺎﺳﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻫﻠﻮ .ﻟـﻮ
ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﻳﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳌﺪَﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﻀَﺮ :ﺳـﻜﺎﻥ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﻌﻤّۤﺮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻤّٔﺮ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃﻫﻠﻮ .ﻭﻗـﺖ ﺍﻟﺼـﺎﺭ
ﺍﻷﺑﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺑﺮ :ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻡ.
ﺟﺤﺎۤ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺃﻭّﻝ ﻣﺎﺷﻨﻖ ﺷﻨﻖ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺣﺎﺭﺗﻮ .ﻟﻮﻻ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺮَﻡ
ﻣﺎﺗۤﺖ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻡ .ﺍﻫﻞ ﺃﻭﱠﻝ ﻣﺎﺧﻠّﻮﺍ ﺷﻲ ﺇٕﻻ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﻩ .ﺍﻟﻜﻴۤـﺪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻫﻞ ﻟﻜﺬﺍ :ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﺟﺐ ﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ
ﻣﺎﻷﻫﻞ ﻭﺍﳊﺴﺪ ﻣﺎﳉﲑﺍﻥ .ﻛﻞ ﺷﻐﻠۤﺔ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﺃﻫﻼ. ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻜﻒﺀ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﻖ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻫﻞ ﳍﺎﻟﺸـﻐﻠۤﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﺃﻫﻼ ،ﻭﺿﺪﻩ :ﻣﺎﻫﻮ ﺃﻫﻼ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﺷﻐﻠﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺴﻠّﻤﺖ ﻟﻐﲑ ﺃﻫﻼ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﺎﺩِﻱ ﺑٔﺎﺷﺘﻚ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﺎﺩِﻱ ﺃﻫـﻞ
ﺑﺘﻨﺘﺰﻉ.
ﺣﺎﺭﺗﻚ ،ﺍٕﻫﻠﻚ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺗٕﻬﻠَﻚ .ﺃﻫﻠَﻚ ﺃﻫﻠﻚ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺟﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺰﻣـﺎﻥ
ﻋﻠﻴﻚ .ﺃﻫﻠﻚ ﻻﺗﻘﺮﺑٓﻦ ﺑﻠﻄّﻚ ﻋﻘﺮﺑٓﻦ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻷﻫﺎﱄ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺃﻫﻠﻴّۤﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻬﻮﺭ ﻣﺎﻋﻨـﺪﻥ ﻓﻄـﻮﺭ. ﻭﺍﻷﻫﻞ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺮﻳﻮﻁ :ﻫَﻞ.
ﺍﻨﻮﻥ ﺳٕﺐّ ﻟﻠﻮ ﺃﻫﻠﻮ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺟﻨﻮﻧﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻘﻠﻮ .ﺟﺤﺎۤ ﻭﺃﻫﻞ
ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ﻋﺮﺱ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺟﻬﺎۤﺯۤﻙ ﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺃﻫﻠۤﻚ ﻭﺍﺻۤﻞ .ﺃﻫـﻞ ﻭﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻫﻼً ﻭﺳﻬﻼً .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻋﻠﻲ ﺗﻘﺒٓﺮ ﻋﻠﻲ.
]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﻫﻼً ﺑﺮﳛﺔ ﺍﻷﻫﻞ.
ﻭﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﻷﻳّﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﻗٔﻴّۤﻢ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﺿٕﺠﺮ ﻣﺎﻟﺸـﻴﺦ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﺮّﺓ :ﲝﻄّﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﻛـﻞ
ﺻﺎﺡ ﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﺃﻣﺮﻭ ﻳﺮﻭ ﻋﺒﻴﺘﻮ ﻭﳚﻴﺐ ﻟﻮ ﺑﻘﺠﺔ ﺍﳊﻤـﺎﻡ، ﻭﺑﻄﻠﻌﻮﺍ ﻟﱪّﺍ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺁﻝ.
ﺭﺍﺡ ﻭﺩﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻃﻠﻊ ﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻗﺪﻭﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻮ ﻭﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺠﺔ،
ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﺖ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻋﺒّﺎﺳﻲ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺑﻴـﺖ
ﺭﻛَﺪ ﻋﺎﳊﻤﺎﻡ ﺷﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻗﺪﻭﺭ ﰲ ﺧﻠﻮﺗﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻟﻂ.
ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ،ﻭﻫﻢ :ﻋﻠﻲّ ﻭﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﻭﺍﳊﺴـﲔ ﻭﺫﺭﺍﺭﻳﻬـﻢ،
ﻛﻤﺎ ﳛﻜﻮﻥ :ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺟﻮﺯﺍ ﺻـﺎﱀ ﺭﺍ ﻋـﺎﳊﺞ، ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﻭﺃﺯﻭﺍﺟﻪ.
ﻃﺒﺨﺖ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﻛﺒّۤﺔ ﺑﻠﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﺬﻛﺮﺕ ﻫﻴّۤﻪ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻭﻻﺩﺍ
ﻋﺎﻟﺴﻔﺮﺍ ﺟﻮﺯﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳛﺐ ﻫﺎﻷﻛﻠﺔ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻟـﺖ ﻻﻭﻻﺩﺍ: ﻭﻳﺘﻤﺘﻌﻮﻥ ﺑﻌﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﺧﻀﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺪّﻋﻮﻥ ﻛـﺜﲑﻭﻥ.
ﻳﺎﺭﻳﺖ ﺃﺑﻮﻛﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ،ﻭﺁﻻّ ﻃﻖ ﻃﻖ :ﺍﻧﺪﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﺧﻴﺘﻮ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻤﻮﺭﻳﺔ :ﺹ.٣٩
ﺃﻧﺎ ﺭﺍﻱ ﻋﻤﻜﺔ ﺍﺳﻜﱯ ﳉﻮﺯﻙ ﺷﻮﻳﺔ ﻛﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﺒﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺳـﻜﺒﺖ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳊَﺒﻠۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﺑﺮﻟﻚ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -
ﻭﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻘﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺧﺪﺍ ﻭﺭﺍﺡ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﺭﺟﻊ ﺍﳊﺠـﻲ -ﺃﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﭼﺎﻭﻳﺶ ﻭﻣﻌﻪ ﺟﻨﺪﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﻢ ﺇﻣﺴﺎﻙ ﺍﳍﺎﺭﺑﲔ
ﻳﻄﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻌﲔ -ﺣﻜﻰ ﳌﺮﺗﻮ ﺃﻧﻮ ﺟﺎﺏ ﻟﻮ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﻛﺒﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳉﻨﺪﻳﺔ.
ﻃﺒﺨﻚ ﻭﺃﻛﻠﺘﺎ ﺳﺨﻨﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺰﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳊﺒﻠﺔ ﻭﺯ ّ
ﻕ
ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻣّﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻓﻘﻬﻲ :ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻫَﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺎۤﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ،ﳊﻘﻮﻩ ﺭﻛَﺪ ﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺯﻛﺮﻳﺎ ﻭﺗﻌﺸـﺒﻖ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﻢ ﳑﻦ ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ. ﻓﻴّﺎ ،ﳊﻘﻮﻩ ﻭﻛﻤﺸﻮﻩ ،ﻫﻮّﻩ ﺭﺍۤﻳﻪ ﻣﻌﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺖ ﻟﻠﻘـﱪ ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺫﻣّﺔ ﻭﺫﻣﻲ . ﻫﻴۤﻚ ﺳﺎﻭﻳﺘﺎ ﻓﻴﲏ ﻳﺎﺯﻛﺮﻳّﺎ ! ﻳﺎﺣﻴۤﻒ ﻋﺎﻟﻔﺎﲢﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ١٠٧ﺹ. ٢١٥ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳋﻄﻮۤﺓ] :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ :ﺱ ٢٠ﺹ. ١١٧
ﳚﺘﺎﺯ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪﺓ ﲞﻄﻮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻛﺮﺍﻣﺔ ﻟﺒﻌﻀﻬﻢ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻤﻮﺭﻳﺔ :ﺹ.١٧٥ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﱄ ﺍﳌﺪﻓﻮﻥ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻛﺘﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ،ﳛﻜﻮﻥ :ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﺷﺘﺪ ﺷﻮﻗﻪ ﻷﻥ ﳛﺞ ﻭﻻ ﻣـﺎﻝ
ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺴَﺒﺖ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ. ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ،ﻭﺷﻜﻰ ﺇﱃ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺻﺎﱀ ﻓﺄﺟﺎﺑﻪ" :ﻭﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺣﺞ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻉ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺳﺒﻴﻼً" ،ﺃﺟﺎﺏ ﻧﻌﻢ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻫﻴﻤﺎﻥ
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﻋﻢ ﺑﻨﺎﻣﻮ ﺩﺧﻴﻠﻚ ﻳﺎﺷﻴﺨﻲ! ،ﻃﻠّﻊ ﰲ ﻭﭼﻮ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻔﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺢ ﺧﻠﻴﲏ ﺃﺷﻮﻓﻚ ﻋﻨـﺪ
ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﺎۤﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻗﺪﺍﻣﻮ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻳّۤـﺔ ،ﻭﰲ ﻫـﺪﻳﻚ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﺴﻜﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﺩﺧّﻞ ﺃٕﺟﺮﻭ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﻭﲰّـﻰ ﻭﺃٔﻣٔـﺮﻭ
ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻣﺘﻠﻮ ﻭﺁﻻ ﺗﻨﻴﻨﺎﺗﻦ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﻋﺮﻓﺎﺕ ﻭﺷـﺎﻓﻮّﻥ ﻛـﺘﲑ
ﺣٕﺠﺎﺝ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﻄَﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﺷﻮﺍﺭْﺑٓﻦ ﻭﻳﻌﻨﻜﻔـﻮﱠﺍ ﺃﳘﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﳘﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﱂ ﳛﻜﻤﻪ ،ﺗﺮﻛـﻪ ،ﱂ
ﻟَﻔﻮﻕ ﻭﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﺍ ﺃٕﻧّﻮٓ ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃَﻫْﻴﺐ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻪ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻳٕﻄﻠﻌﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻘٔﺮﻋٔﺔ ﻭﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﺍ ﺃﻧﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺴﺎﻭﻳّﺎ ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻄﺮﺡ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﳌﺴـﺘﻐﲎ
ﺇﻻ ﺍﻨﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻴۤﻚ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﻊ ﺻﺎﺣﺒَﻚ "ﺻـﺎﺣﺐ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ :ﺳﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻼﺕ.
ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ" ﳌّﺎ ﻃﻠۤﻊ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑَﻼ ﻃﺮﺑﻮﺵ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﺻٔﻌْﺐ
ﺗٕﺘﺼﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻲ ﻟﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺗﻐﺎﻣﺰﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻣﺘﻼ ﲤﺎﻡ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﻌﻮ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﳘٔﺎﻝ ﻭﺇﳘﺎﻻﺕ.
ﳌﺎ ﻃﻠۤﻊ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻚ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻄﺮﺑﻮﺵ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﳘﻰ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻷﻫﻴَﻦ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻫﻮﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻـﻄﻼﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠـﺔ :ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺃَﻭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻄﻒ ،ﺗﺮﺩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻟﻠﻤﻌـﺎﱐ ﻻﻳﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺎﺳﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﲟﻬۤﻞ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻤۤﻞ )ﻭﻳﺮﺩﺩ ﻫـﺬﺍ
-ً ١ﻟﻠﺸﻚ :ﺑﻘﻴﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺩﺭﻛﻮﺵ ﻳﻮﻣﻴۤﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻼﺗۤﺔ. ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﳒﺪ(.
-ً ٣ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻴﲑ )ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻴﲑ :ﻋﺪﻡ ﺟﻮﺍﺯ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺑـﲔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﳘﻴّﺖ ﻭﺃﳘﻴﺘﻠﻲ ﻭﺃﳘﻴﺘﺴﺰ.
ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻃﻔﲔ( :ﺍﺭﻛﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﭙﺎﺹ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺴﻲ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﺛﺎﻗﻔﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﻳﻌﻠﻖ ﺃﳘﻴـﺔ
-ً ٤ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ :ﻓﺤﻢ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻧﻮﻋﲔ :ﻓﺤﻢ ﺳﻨﺪﻳﺎﻥ ﻛﱪﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ.
ﺃﻭ ﻓﺤﻢ ﻛﺮﻉ. ﺃٕﻫٕﻪ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ :ﺃٔﻫٔﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺃﻭٓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ: ﺃٓﻫُﻮ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﻭٓ ﻫُﻮ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
-ً ١ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ :ﺃﻭٓ ﺷﻘٔﺪ ﺻﻮﺗﻚ ﻛﻮﻳّﺲ ! ﺍﻷﻫﻮٔﻯ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺑّﻊ ﺃﻫﻮﻯ ﺍﻷُﻭٔﺽ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ
-ً ٢ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺠﺮ :ﺃﻭٓ ﻓْﺮﻭﻕ ﲰﺎﻧﺎ ﺑﻘٔﻰ ﻳٔﺎ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻮﺍ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﺃٕﻟﻮ ﺃﻭﺍﻥ .ﻛـﻞ ﺷـﻲ ﻗﺎﺭﺕ :ﻣﻦ "ﻗﺎﺭ" :ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺍﺳﻮﺩّﺕ.
ﺑﺄﻭﺍﻧﻮ ﻃﻴّﺐ .ﻓﻼﻥ ﲟﻮّﻥ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ﻛﻞ ﺃﻭﺍﻥ ﺑـﺄﻭﺍﻧﻮ .ﺁﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻥ،
ﻳﺸﻠﺖ :ﻣﻦ "ﻳﺸﻴﻞ" :ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺍﺧﻀﺮّﺕ.
ﺷﻲ ﺳﺎۤﺑﻖ ﻷﻭﺍﻧﻮ ،ﲜﻲ ﺃﻭﺍﻧﻮ.
ﺍﺳﺘﺒﻴﻜﺖ :ﻣﻦ "ﺑﻮﻳﻮﻙ" :ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻛﱪﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﺤﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺍﻧﻮ.
ﻛﻮﺍﺟﻴﻜﺎ :ﻣﻦ "ﻛﻮﭼﻮﻙ" :ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺻﻐﺎﺭﺍً.
ﺃﻭّﺍﻩ] :ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬـﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﺃﻭّﺍﻩ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺁﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺧﻄﺄ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻷﻭّﺍﻩ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﻞ ﻫـﻮ ﻳﺎﺩﻡ :ﻣﻦ "ﳝﻚ" :ﺍﻷﻛﻞ.
ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ ،ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻦ ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺪﻋّﺎﺀ،
ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻭّﻩ ﻭﺍﳊﺰﻥ. ﺻﻮّ :ﻣﻦ "ﺻُﻮ" :ﺍﳌﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻷﻭﺝ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ ﻋﺮﰊ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻚ.
ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ "ﻫﻔﺘﻜﺎﻩ".
ﺍﻷﻭٓﺗﻮٓﻣﻮٓﺑﻴــﻞ :ﻣــﻦ ﺍﻻﺻــﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﰊ:
ﺃﻭﺟﺎﻥ :ﻛﺎﻓﻞ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﺑﲎ ﺧﺎﻧﺎً ﰲ ﳏﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻋﺸﻠﻲ، AUTOMOBILEﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺀ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ:
ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٩٢٨ﻫـ. ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺑﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻷﻭﺟﻪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻭَﺟُﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺒُـﺮ ﺃﻭٓﺗﻮٓﻣــﻮٓﺗﺮﻳﺲ :ﻣــﻦ ﺍﻻﺻــﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﰊ:
ﺟﺎﻫﻪ ،ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ﻭﻣﻘﺎﻣﻪ. AUTOMOTRICEﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺀ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً،
ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻮﻩ ﺑـ "ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ" ،ﻭﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ :ﺣـﺎﻓﻼﺕ،
ﺃﻭٓﺟﻴۤﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺼـﺎﺭﻯ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﻢَ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﰊ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺃﻭٓﺗﻮٓﻣﻮٓﺗﺮﻳﺴﺎﺕ.
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ EVIENIOS :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ ،ﺳـﻠﻴﻞ EUGÉNE
ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺩﻓﻬﺎ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﻣﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﻞ ﻭﻻ ﻏﻠـﻮۤﺓ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣـﺎ -ً ٣ﺃَﺗﺸﻔّﻰ :ﺍﷲ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺼّﺮ ﻓﺴﻄﻮ ﻋٔﻮٔﺭ ﻟﻮ ﻋﻴﻨـﻮ
ﺍﺣﺘﻤﻞ ﻭﻻ ﻭٕﻕّ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ. ﺃﻭٓﺥ.
ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻧﻮﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﺍﺳـﻢ ﺳـﺎﺑﻊ ]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺯٕﻫْﻘۤﺖ ﺭﻭٓﺡ ﺃﻭٓﺑۤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻛَﺮّﺍﺭ
ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﺯﺣـﻞ ،ﺍﻛﺘﺸـﻔﻪ ﻫﺮّﺍﺭ ﳎﺎۤﻛﺮﺟﻲ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﺷﻲ ﻏـﲑ ﺍﻟﻜَـﺪﺏ
ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻜﻲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻱ ﻫﺮﺷﻞ HERSHELLﺳﻨﺔ ١٨٧١ﻭﲰﺎﻩ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺱّ ،ﻭﰲ ﻟﻴﻠۤﺔ ﺗﺼﺪﱠﻯ ﻟﻮ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴـﻬﺮﺓ
URANOSﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ،URANOSﲰﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺁﳍﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧـﺎﻥ، ﻭﻛﺴﻔﻮﺍ ﻭﺩﺍﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺮﺍﻋﻴﺒﻮ ،ﻭﺯﺑﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌـﻮﺍﰲ
ﺳﻞّ ﺳﻞّ ﻭﺭﺍﺡ.
ﻭﺃﻭﺭﺍﻧﻮﺱ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺄﺭﺑﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ،ﻭﺳﻨﺘﻪ ٣٤ﺿﻌﻔﺎً
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ. ﺍﻷﻭٓﺑﺔ ﻛٕﻼﱠ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻠﻠـﻲ ﻛﻨّﺴـﻮٓ :ﺃﻭﺥ ﺃﻭﺥ ﺃﷲ
ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻧﻴﻮﻡ :ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﺫﻭ ﺇﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﳝﻴﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺎﺽ، ﻳﺴﻠّۤﻢ ﲤﻚ.
ﻳﺬﻭﺏ ﺑﺪﺭﺟﺔ ١٨٥٠ﺳﻨﺘﻐﺮﺍﺩ ،ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺒﻠـﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺎﻷﻭٓﺑﺔ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺧﺨّﺎﺕ ﺃﻭٓﺧﺎﺗﻜﻦ ﺣﺤّـﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺬﺭﻳﺔ ،ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ.URANIUM : ﺣﻼﻭۤﺓ ﺑﻘﻠﱯ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٥٩ﺹ ٣٤٤ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ :ﺍﻠﺪ ١ﺹ ٣٠٨ﻭﳎﻠـﺔ
-ً ٤ﺃﺳﺘﻬﺰﺉ :ﺯَﺑﱢﺎﻟﻨﺎ ﺷـﺎۤﻛﻞ ﻭﺭﺩۤﺓ ،ﺃﻭﺥ ﺃﻭﺥ
ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ٣ﻋﺪﺩ ٨ﺹ.٤٦
ﻳﺎﻋﻴﻨﻮ ،ﺍﺎۤﻛﺮﺟﻲ ﻋﻢ ﻳﺘﻔﻠﺴﱠﻒ ﺃﻭﺥ ﻳﺎﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻴﻮﱐ.
ﺍﻷﻭﺭَﺏ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻔـﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﱵ ﰲ ﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﳉﻨﺐ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺮﺓ.
ﺍﻷﻭﺷَﻢ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷﻭﺧﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳉﺒﺲ ﺑـﺄﻭﻟﻮ ﺧـﻮٓﺩ ﺍﻷﺧـﻒ
ﻭﺑﺂﺧﺮﻭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﺯﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﺮﻗۤﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺖ ﺇٕﻻ ﺃﻭﺷـﻢ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺩﻳﺶ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﻭﺧﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺩﻳﺶ(. ﺍﻷﻭٓﺯﻭٓﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ OZONE :ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﻟﺴـﻢّ:
ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﰊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏـﺎﺯ ﺫﻱ ﺭﺍﺋﺤـﺔ ﻣﻄﻬﱢـﺮ ،ﻭﻫـﻮ
ﺃﻭﺻٔﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭﺻﺎﻩ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﻋﻬﺪ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ،ﺃﻣـﺮﻩ ﺃﻭﻛﺴﺠﲔ ﻣﻜﺜّﻒ ﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻮّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﲦﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻣﻴـﺎﻝ
ﺑﻪ ،ﻟﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻟﻪ ،ﺃﻭﺻﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳُﻌﻨَـﻰ ﺑـﻪ، ﻓﻮﻕ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ،ﺍﻛﺘﺸـﻒ ﺱ ،١٧٨٥ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ :ﻭﺻَﻰ ﻭﻭﺻّﻰ. ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ.
ﺃﻭﺻٔﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭﺻﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﺑﻠﻐﻪ ﺇﻳـﺎﻩ، ﺃﻭٓﺳﺘﺮﺍﻟﻴﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺃﻭﺳﺘﺮﺍﻟﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻭﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮﺳﻴﺎ.
ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ :ﻭﺻﱠﻞ.
ﺍﻷﻭﺳﺦ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺳِـﺦ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻳﺼﺎﻝ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﻠﻄﺦ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﺦ ،ﻋﻼﻩ ﺍﻟﺪَﺭَﻥ.
ﺃﻭٓﺻّﻮﻥ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻭٓﺻّﻮﻥ ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﻗﺒﻠﺖ ﳓﻨۤﻪ ﻣـﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﺳْﺨﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺳـﺨﻨﺔ.
ﻣﻨﻘﺒﻞ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭٓﻟﺴﻮﻥ :ﻟﻴﻜﻦ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺃﻭﺿﺢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭﺿﺢ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﺃﻇﻬـﺮﻩ ﻭﺃﺑﺎﻧـﻪ، ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻂ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻭَﺳَـﻂ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ
ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ :ﻭﺿﱠﺢ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺼﻒ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻳﻀﺎﺡ ﻭﺇﻳﻀﺎﺣﺎﺕ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻷﻭﺿﺢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺿﺢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺑﺎﻥ ﺃﻭﺳَﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺎً.
ﻭﻇﻬﺮ.
ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻊ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺍﻷﻭﺿٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃُﻭﺿﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺃُﻭﺩﻩ :ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ. ﱂ ﻳﻀﻖ ،ﺃﻣﻜﻨﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺁﺧﺮ.
ﺍﻷﻭٔﻛﺴﻴﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺣﻖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﺗﺘﻜﺤّﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺴـﻨۤﺔ ﺑﺮﺑـﻊ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :OXYDE :ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻛﺴﻴﺠﻴۤﻦ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻭﻗﻴﺖ ﻛﺤﻞ.
ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻛﺎﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺋﺒﻖ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺣٕﺴٕﺒْﺘَﻚ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﻧﺺ ﺁﻭﻗﻴﺖ ﺣٕـﱪ
ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻛﺴﻴﺪ :ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺃ ﻳﻌﻠﻮ ﺍﳌﻌـﺪﻥ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﲢـﺎﺩﻩ )ﺃﻱ :ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ(.
ﺑﺎﻷﻭﻛﺴﻴﺠﲔ.
ﺃﻭﻛﺎٔﺯﻳﻮٓﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :OCCASION :ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺃﻛﺴﺪَ ﻭﺗﺄﻛﺴـﺪ ﺃﻱ: ﺍﻟﺴﺎﳓﺔ.
ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻮﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻭﻛﺴﻴﺪ.
ﺃﻭٓﻛﺘﻮﺑٕﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ :OCTO :ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ﻭ:BRE
ﺃﻭٓﻛﻴﺪﻭﻥ :ﺩﺍﺭ ﺃﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻗﺪﳝﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻠـﻞ ،ﺍﲰﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺁﺫﺍﺭ :ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً.
ﺑﺎﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ HOKEDUNﲟﻌﲎ :ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻷﺭﻭﺍﺡ )ﺃﻱ :ﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﻗﻔـﺖ
ﺍﻷﻭﻛَﺪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻭَﻛّﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ )ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻋﻴﺔ
ﻟﻴﺴﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﶈﺘﺎﺟﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ ﺍﳋﲑﻱ ﺃﺟـﺮﻩ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺍﷲ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻭﺛﻘﻪ.
ﺇﺭﺍﺣﺔ ﺭﻭﺡ ﻭﺍﻗﻔﻬﺎ(.
ﺍﻷﻭﻛَﺲ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻛﺴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﺃﻭّٔﻝ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻭّﻝَ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺭﺩّﻩ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡَ :ﻓﺴﱠـﺮﻩ
ﺼَﻪ ،ﻏﺒﻨَﻪ.
ﻧﻘ َ
ﺃﻭ ﻓﺴّﺮ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ،ﺃﻭ ﺃﺭﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ
ﳛﺘﻤﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﱐ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺗﺄﻭﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ،ﺑﺮّﺯ ﺍﻷﻭٓﻛْﺴِﺠﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ
ﺑﻪ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺰﻟﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺰﳐﺸﺮﻱ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻩ. ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ OXYGENE :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :OXIGHONON :ﻏـﺎﺯ
ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻻ ﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻻ ﻃﻌﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ،ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﺄﻭﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻚ،
ﻭﻻ ﻳﺸﺘﻌﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻔﺲ ،ﻭﻳﺆﻟﻒ ﲬـﺲ ﺍﳍـﻮﺍﺀ
ﺇﻥ ﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺗﺘﺄﻭﻝ ﻋﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﺿﻴّﻌﺘﻮ.
ﺣﺠﻤﺎً ،ﻭﳝﺘﺰﺝ ﺑﺎﳍﻴﺪﺭﻭﺟﲔ ﻓﻴﺆﻟﻔﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺎً ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻭﺳـﻊ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﺄﻭﻳﻼﺗﻚ ﺑﺘﻨﻬﺪَﻯ ﳌﻄﺎﻟۤﻊ ﺩَﻟﻮﻭٓ. ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﺍً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ.
ﺃﻭٓﻩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃَﻭْﻩِ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺁﻩ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ :ﺱ ١٢ﺹ ٢١٦ﻭ ٤١٦ﻭ ٤٧٨ﻭ٥٤٨
ﻭ ٦٠٧ﻭ ٦٧٢ﻭ ٧٢٨ﻭ ﺱ ١٣ﺹ ١٦٢ﻭ.٢٢٦
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭٓﻩ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺁﻩ.
ﺃﻭٓﻧٔﺎ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺩﻻّﻝ ﺍﳌﺰﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﰲ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺰﺍﺩ :ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺃﻭﻫَﺐ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ :ﺃﻣﻜﻨـﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻭﻧﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻭٓﻧﻮٓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭّۤﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﺮۤﻯ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴـﺔUNO :
ﻳﺄﺧﺬﻩ .ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﻭﻫﺐ. ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ TRE,DUE,OUNDﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﰒ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﰒ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟـﺚ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺰﺍﺩ ،ﻭﻋﻬﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺎﺕ ﻫـﻮ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃٔﺧٔﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻭﻫـﺐ ﺃﺳـﻘﻂ ﻣـﺎ
ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺎﺩﻗﺔ ،ﻓﺎﺳـﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﻣﻨـﻬﻢ ﻛـﺜﲑﺍً ﻣـﻦ
ﺃﻭﺟﺐ )ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺳﺎﺩ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺑﻠﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ ﰲ ﳒﺪ ﻭﻣﺼـﺮ
ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺩﻗﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ(.
ﺃﻭٓﻧﺒٔﺎﺷِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺴـﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻨـﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺯﻧﻜﲔ ﻣﻌﺼْـﻤۤﺺ ﺑْـﺮُﻭ
ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ،ﺭﺗﺒﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺭﺋـﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﺸـﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻫـﻲ ﺃﺩﱏ ﺭﺗﺒـﺔ
ﻋﺒﻜﺮﺓ ﺗَﻴﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﺧٕﻀٕﺮﺗﻮ ﻭﺑﺪﻭّٕﺭ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨٕﺔ ﻭﺑﺒـﺎﺏ ﺟـﻨۤﲔ
ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﭽﺎﻭﻳﺶ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻫـﺬﻩ
ﻭﺑﺒﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ،ﻭﺑﺒﺎۤﺯۤﺭ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻴّۤﺎﻋﲔ ،ﻭﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﺑـﺮﻭ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺍﳌﺴـﺎ
ﺍﻟﺮﺗﺒﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻒ.
ﻭﺑﻜﺴﺐ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺒﻴﺖ ﻭﺑﻴﺎﺧﺪﺍ ﻓﻌﻼً ﺑﺄﺳﻌﺎﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺨﻄٓـﺮ
ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺎﻝ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﻌﺎ ﻣﻌـﻲ ﻭﺷـﻮﻑ ﻫﺎﻟﻜﻮﻣـﺔ
ﻣﺎﻟﻨﺴﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﻠّٓﻦ ﻋﻢ ﲟﺴﺤﻮﺍ ﺟﻮﺧٕﺔ ْ ﻭﺣﺪۤﺓ ﺑﺎۤﺭﻛۤـﺔ ﺑـﺎﻟﻨﺺ
ﻭﺯﺑﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﰲ ﻣﺴﻠّۤﻢ ﺩﻛّـﺎﻧﻮٓ ﻵﻭﻻﺩﻭٓ ﻭﺷـﻐﻠﺘ ٓﻮ
ﻭﻣﺘٔﻘﻠۤﺔ ﺣﺎﻻ ﻭﻣﻜﺒﺴَﻨﺔ ﺷﻮﻱ ﻭﻛﻼﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﺘﻘﺎﻝ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺶ ﻛـﻞ
ﻭﳘّﻮٓ ﺗﻘﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﻮٓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮﻳۤﺔ ﻓٕﺮﻃٔﺔ ،ﻭﻧﺴﻴﺖ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ ﻟﻚ ﻭﻫـﻮّۤﻩ
ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻷﻧّﻮٓ ﻫَﻴّۤﻪ ﻣﺮﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻧﺒﺎﺷﻲ ﻭﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺟۤﺖ ﻣﺮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ
ﺩﻳّۤﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻄﻊ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻭﻣﺎ ﰲ ﻭﺭٕﺩ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺴﺒﻴﺤﺎ ﻣﻨﺸﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﺯﻗـﻮ
ﺑﺘﻌﺮّﻑ ﺣﺎﻻ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺮْﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻧﺒﺎﺷﻲ ،ﻭﺑﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﻻ :ﺇۤﻱ ﻣﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ
ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺗﺪﺧّﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﳉﻨّۤﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺴﺎﻭﻳّﺎ.
ﺇۤﻱ ﻣﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ،ﻭﺑﺘﺮﺟﻊ ﻣﺮﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻧﺒﺎﺷﻲ ﻟﺘﻘﻼ.
ﺑَﻘﻰ ﻭﻗﺘﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺸﺎۤ ﻣـﻮﺯﻉ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻷﻭﻧَﺲ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻵﻧﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ
ﻳﺘﺠﻤﺮ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻝ ﻭﻳﻘﺮٓﺹ ﻭﻳﺘﻮﺿﺎ ﻭﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻭﻳﺸـﺘﺮﻱ
ﺃﻧﺲ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ﻭﺳﻜﻦ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ.
ﻟﺒﻴﺘﻮٓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﺒﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﺧﻼّﻫﺎ ﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﺗﻮٓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺍﻕ.
ﺃﻭﻧٕﻠﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭﻛﻠﻚ )ﺗﻠﻔـﻆ ﺍﻟﻜـﺎﻑ
ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻧﻮﻧﺎً( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻘﺪّﺍﻣﻴۤﺔ ﺗﻠﺒﺲ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﺃﺛﻨـﺎﺀ ﻋﻤـﻞ
ﻟﺘﺪﺭﺃ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﻣﺎﻗﺪ ﻳﻌﻠﻖ ﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ "ﺇۤﻱ ﻭﺍﷲ" ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺍﻷﻭٓﻳﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷ ُﻭﻳﻮﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻠَﻌﺐ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﺷﻜﺮﺍً. ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﺠﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻝ[ :ﺇٕﻱ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪﻙ ﻳﺎﺷﺐ ﻭﻣﺜﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﺃﻭﻳﻮﻧﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺃُﻳﻮﻧﲔ ،ﻭﲨﻌﻬﺎ :ﺃﻭٓﻳﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ
)ﺃﻱ :ﺷﻜﺮﺍً ،ﺑﻨﻌﻤﺘﻚ(. ﺃُﻳﻮﻧﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺒﻖ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺟﺎﺯ ﺇﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﳘﺰﺎ:
ﲬﺲ ﺃﻳﻮﻧﺎﺕ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﲟﻌـﲎ
"ﺧﺎﻃﺮٔﻙ" :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺩﻳﻊ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﳌﻐﺎﺩﺭﺓ :ﺇﻱ ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺩﻑ ﺍﻷﻭﻳﻮﻥ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟـﺪﻕ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ -
ﻭﺍﷲ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻭﺩّﻋﻚ. ﻭﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﻪ :ﺍﳌﺮﺱ.
ﻭﻏﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﻢ "ﺇۤﻱ" ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﱪﻡ ،ﻓـﺈﺫﺍ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺴﺐ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺩﻗـﻮﻕ
ﺗﺒﺎﺩﺭ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺯﻋﺞ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺇۤﻱ ! ﺃﺷّـﻮ ﻫٔـﺎﺩ؟ ﺃﻭ :ﺇۤﻱ ! ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺧﺼﻤﻪ ﻣﺘﻨﺪﺭﺍً :ﻭﻗّۤﻒ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ )ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻩ :ﺍﺑَﻖ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺣﺎﺟۤﺔ ﺑٔﻘٔﺎ ﻳٔﺎ ! ،ﻭﻧﻔﺴﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﱪﻡ ﺑﺄﻥ "ﺇۤﻱ" ﺑﺎﻗﻴـﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺐ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻃﻨﻪ :ﻛﻦ ﻛﺎﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺷﻴﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻣﺪﻟﻮﳍﺎ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻘﻲ ،ﻓﻜﺄﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﱪﻡ ﻳﺸﻌﺮ ﺃﻧـﻪ ﳛﻠـﻢ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ(.
ﻭﳛﺘﻤﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻀﻰ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻻ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺑﻠﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻗـﻮﳍﻢ :ﺃﻭﻳـﻮﻥ
ﺃﻭﻟﺴﻮﻥ ﺑﺰﻡ ﺃﻭﻟﺴﻮﻥ.
ﺇﻳﺎﺱ :ﻓﺨﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ،ﺗﻮﱃ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺃﺭﻣﲏ -ً ١ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ :ﺃَﻱ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻜﻦ ﺑﺘﺠﺎﺳﺮ ﻋﻠَﻲّ،
ﰒ ﺃﺳﻠﻢ ،ﻗﺘﻞ ﺱ ٧٥٠ﻫـ. ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺃﻳۤﻨﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻹﻳﺎﻟۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻳﺎﻟﺖ :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﱵ -ً ٢ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻁ :ﺃَﻱ ﺇٕﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻠـﻴﺢ ﺑﺸـﻮﻓﻮﺍ
ﳛﻜﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻝ ﳝﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ. ﻗﺪّﺍﻣﻮ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻹﻳﺎﻻﺕ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٢٦ﺹ ٣٩٩ﻭ ﺱ ٢٨ﺹ.٥٠٣
ﻭﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻌﺪ ﺛﺎﻟـﺚ ﺇﻳﺎﻟـﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻳـﺎﻻﺕ ﺇﻳّﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ:
ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻷﻭﱃ :ﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ:
-ً ١ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺴﻨﺪ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺃﻧـﺎ
ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﰒ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻹﻳﺎﻻﺕ ﺩﻭﺎ ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺑﲑﻭﺕ
ﻭﺍﻳﺎﻙ ﺳﻮﺍ.
ﻭﺇﺯﻣﲑ ﻭ...
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﲰﻴﻨﺎﻫـﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﻄﻮﻓـﺔ ﻫـﻲ
ﺇﻳﺒﻮ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ.
ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻳﺎﻱ ،ﺍﻳﺎﻧﺎ ،ﺍﻳﺎﻙ ،ﺍﻳﺎﻛﻲ ،ﺍﻳـﺎﻛﻦ ،ﺍﻳـﺎﻩ ،ﺍﻳﺎﻫـﺎ،
ﺇﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺇﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ. ﺍﻳﺎﻫﻦ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻳﺪﻳۤﻦ. ﺍﻹﻳﭻ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻣﺂﻛﻠﻬﻢ[ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ :ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﳚﺒﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﲏّﺀ ﻣـﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺼـﻞ ﻭﲪـﺾ
ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﲡﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﻋﻴﲏ ﺭﺃﺗﻚ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻱ
ﺍﳊﺼﺮﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺩﺑﺲ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻥ.
ﺭﺃﺗﻚ ﻭﻋﻴﻮﱐ ﺭﺃﺗﻚ ﳚﻮﺯ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑۤﺔ ﺑﺈﻳـﺪﻭ
ﻭﺑﺈﻳﺪﺗﻴﻨﻮ ﻭﺑﺈﻳﺪﻳﻪ. ﺇﻳﺦ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳍﻢ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﺳﺨﺮ ﻭﺃﻫﺰﺃ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻭﻱ :ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻭﻱ. ﺍﻹﻳﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻴﺪ :ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ :ﻃﺮﻓﺎ ﺍﳉﺴﻢ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺘﺪﻯﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻷﺻـﺎﺑﻊ
ﻭﺗﺼﻐﲑﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴّﺔ :ﺍﻟﺪَﻳّۤﺔ )ﺑﺎﻹﻣﺎﻟﺔ( ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ:
ﻭﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﻔﲔ.
ﺍﻟﺪَﻳّﺎﺕ.
ﻭﺣﻞ ﳏﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺣﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻓﺼﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﲑ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻐﲑ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﺎﻣﻠﺔ :ﺗﺴﻠَﻢ ﺩَﻳّﺎﺗَﻚ ﺃﻱ:
ﺃﻳﺪﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻴﻔﺔ. ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻒّ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺪ ﳎﺎﺯ ﻣﺮﺳﻞ :ﻣـﻦ ﺇﻃـﻼﻕ
ﺍﻟﻜﻞ ﻭﺇﺭﺍﺩﺓ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻳَـﺪْ ،ﻭﺇﻳـﺪ )ﻛﻠﻔﻈﻬـﺎ ﰲ
ﻋﺎﻣﻴﺘﻨﺎ( ،ﻭﺇﻳﺪﺍ )ﺗﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ .(O ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﺍﳌﺪﻟﻮﻝ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻣﺮﺳﻼً ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ،ﻣـﻦ ﺇﻃـﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺴـﺒﺐ ﻭﺇﺭﺍﺩﺓ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻳَﺪْ ﻭﺇﻳﺪ ﻭﺇﻳﺪﺍ )ﺗﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺃﻟﻔـﺎً
ﺍﳌﺴﺒّﺐ.
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ(.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ " :ﻭﺍﻟﺴﱠﻤﺎﺀَ ﺑَﻨَﻴْﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﺄﻳﻴـﺪٍ " ﺭﲰـﺖ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﻳَﺪْ.
ﺍﻷﻳﺪﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﺀَﻳﻦ ،ﻭﻗﺮﺋﺖ ﺑﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ،ﻭﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ
ﻭﲢﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻠّـﻞ ﺳـﺒﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻟﻺﳌﺎﻉ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺑﺄﻳﺪ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ،
ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺪ ،ﻓﺘﻘﻮﻝ :ﺇﺎ ﻳﺎﺀ ﻭﺩﺍﻝ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﻬﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺃﺟﺎﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﲔ ﻭﺍﱄ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ "ﺍﻹﻣﻼﺀ" :ﺇﻥ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺟﺎﺀ
ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳉُﻤّﻞ ،١٤ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﺃﻋﲏ :ﺍﻟﻜﻒ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ١٤ﻣﻔﺼـﻼً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻨﺘﻪ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺘﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﻓﺔ ،ﻭﱂَ ﻻ ﲣﻄﺌﺎﻥ ﻫﻨـﺎ
ﻋﻈﻤﻴﺎً :ﻣﻔﺼﻼﻥ ﻟﻺﺎﻡ ﻭ ١٢ﻣﻔﺼﻼً ﻟﺴﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻷﺻﺎﺑﻊ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺧﻄﺄﺗﺎ ﰲ ﻛﺜﲑ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻛﺪﻳﺔ ،DONO :ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺗﺬﻛﺮﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻭﻣﺜﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻳﺪﺗﻴۤﻦ :ﺑﺈﳊﺎﻕ ﺗـﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ DONNERﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻹﻋﻄﺎﺀ. ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ ،ﻛﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺼﻐﲑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻳﺮﺩّ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ
ﺇﱃ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﲑﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺜﻲ.
ﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﺟﺪﺭ ﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ،ﺃﻻ ﺗﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﺗﻘـﻮﻝ:
ﺃﺩﱠﻯ ،ﻓﺘﺒﲏ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ :ﻛﻌﺎﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ،ﻭﺷﺎﻓﻪ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺩ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨـﺘﲔ
ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺔ ،ﻭﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ ﻭ... ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻧﺘﲔ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﺮﺗﲔ.
ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻳﺴﻌﺪﱐ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺳﻬﺐ ﰲ ﺃﺩﺏ "ﺍﻟﻴـﺪ" ﺃﻭ ﻭﻣﺜﻞ "ﺃﻋﻄﻰ"" :ﺃﻫﺪَﻯ".
"ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻲ" ﻳﺴﻌﺪﱐ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ :ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻨَـﻰ
ﺃﻗﻮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺮﻯ :ﻓﺎﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﻫـﻲ ـﺎ، ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ" :ﻭﺩﱠﻯَ".
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺴﺮﻯ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﲟﻬﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﺻـﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﻭﻧﻘـﺶ ﻭﻫﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺀ ﰲ ﺃﻥ ﻓﻌﻞ "ﺃﻳﱠﺪ" ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ؟.
ﻭﺭﺳﻢ ﻭﺻﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﻭﲪﻞ ﺳﻴﻒ ﻭ ...ﻭﻣﺮﺩّ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺴـﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ
ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﰲ ﻳﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﳉﺴﺪ. ﻳﻘﲔ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎﺣﺚ ﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻤﻴﻘﺎً ﻭﺑﻌﻴـﺪﺍً ﺃﻥ
ﻓﻌﻞ ODDOﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺳﺎﻋَﺪَ ﻣﺎﻫﻮ ﺇﻻ ﻣـﻦ "ﻳـﺪ" ﻧـﺎ
ﻭﻃﻐﺎ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ.
ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ" :ﺍﻹﻳﺪ" ،ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﻻ ﺃَﺛﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺪ
ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﺑﲔ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ،ﻭﻗـﻮﳍﻢ: ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﻟﻴﺪﺎ AIDER :ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.
ﻃﻠﺐ ﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﺓ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺧﻄﺒﻬﺎ(.
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ AID :ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﺤﺎﻓﻈﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﻧﻌﻮﺩ ﺇﱃ "ﺍﻟﻴﺪ" ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴّﺔ.
ﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ،ﻛﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﻟﻌٕﻤﺮ ﺑﻴﺪ ﺍﷲ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﻧﻘﺪﺍً ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺪ ،ﻭﻛﻤﺜﻠﻬﻢ:
ﺍﻟﻌۤﲔ ﺑﺼﲑﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﻗﺼﲑﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻣﻠﻜﺖ ﻳﺪﺍﻩ ﻟﺴـﻴﺪﺍﻩ ـﺎ
ـﻢ ﻭﺍﻭﻫـ
ـﺎ ﻳﺮﺳـ
ـﻮﺭﻳﺔ :EDU :ﻛﻤـ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺷـ
)ﻛﺬﺍ( ،ﻭﻛﺤﻜﻤﺘﻬﻢ :ﻳﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ ،ﻭﺻﻨﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴـﺪ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﻮﻥ.
ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺪ ﺇﻻ ﻳﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻮﻗﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻛﺎﺳـﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﺗﻔﺮﻗﻮﺍ ﺃﻳﺪﻱ ﺳﺒﺄ ،ﻟﻌﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﻉ. ﻭﳓﻦ ﻧﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺻﺎﺋﺖ " "Uﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ،ﺑﻞ ﲪﻞُ ﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻴﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻊ ﺍﳊﻴﺔ:
ﻫﺬﺍ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺸﺪﺩﻭﻥ ﺩﺍﳍﺎ ﺟﱪﺍً ﳍﺎ ﲟﺎ ﻃﺮﺃ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻌﺰﻳﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻭﻗﻮﱘ ،ﻭﻟﻌـﻞ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺬﻑ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻋﻄﻴﺘﻮ ﺑﻴﺪّﻭ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻗـﻮﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺏ: ﻣﻌﺬﺭﻢ ﺃﻢ ﺁﺛﺮﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ ﳝﺜﻠﻮﺍ ﺣﺮﻓﺎً ﲝﺮﻑ ﻻ ﲝﺮﻓﲔ ﳘﺎ .OU
ﺍﻷﺏّ ،ﻭﻗﻮﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺥ :ﺍﻷﺥّ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺒﺸﻴﺔ :ﺇﻳﺪ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴّﺪ ﺍﳌﺸﺪﺩﺓ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺼـﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﻲ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻟﻴَﺪّﻳّۤﺔ )ﺑﺎﻹﻣﺎﻟﺔ( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻹﺳﻌﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛَﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﻳﺪ ،ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺎ :ﺃﻋﻄﻰ.
ﻣﺜﻼً :ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻟﻴۤﺶ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﻗﻠﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺿﻴﻘﺔ؟ ﺿﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ :ﺃَﺩْ.
ﺗَﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻄﻲ ﻳَﺪّﻳّۤﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺶ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻃﺢ ﻭﺗَﻤﺎ ﺗٕﺴﻊ ﻋـﺪﺩ
ﻛﺘﲑ ﻣﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺪّﻥ ﻳٕﻐﺰﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ. )ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻋﺮﺏ ﺁﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ :ﺇﻳﺪﻳﻦ
ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ١٤ﻋﺪﺩ ٨ﺹ.( ٧٤
ﺃَﻳﱠﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃَﻳّﺴْﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﻫﻨّـﺎﻩ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﺴﻂ ﻣﺎﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻣـﻦ "ﺍﻟﻴـﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ
ﺑﺎﻵﺱ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ. ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻲ" ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺴﺄﻝ :ﺃﻱ ﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﱂ ﲡـﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻲ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺃﻓﺎﻧﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ .ﺇﻥ ﺃﻧﺼﻔﺖ ﺃﺟﺒﺖ :ﻻ.
ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺟـﺎﻟﻴﻨﻮﺱ ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ :ﺗﻘـﻮّﻱ
ﺟﺴﺪﻩ. ﺃﻳّﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴّﺔ :ﺃﻳّﺪﻩ :ﻗﻮّﺍﻩ.
ﺇۤﻳﺴﺘٔﺮ ﺇﻳﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﺯ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺳﺘﻤﺎﺯ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻦّ ﲟﻘﺎﻡ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻨﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﺇﱃ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ
ﺍﻷ َﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﺘﺼﻞ ﺎ ﻛﺄﻳّﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴـﺪ ،ﻭﺳـﺎﻋَﺪَ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻷﻳﺴﺮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻳَﺴُﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋِﺪ.
ﺳَﻬُﻞ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ.
ﺍﻷﻳﺴﺮ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻄـﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑـﻞ
ﻟﻸﻳَﻤﻦ. ﺇﻳﺪﺭﻭٓﺟﻴۤﻦ :ﺃﻭ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭٓﺟﻴۤﻦ ،ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ:
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ :HYDROGÉNE :ﻣﻮﻟﱢﺪ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻏﺎﺯ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ :ﺱ ٣٩ﺹ :٦٦٧ﻣﻘﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻷﳝﻦ ﻭﺍﻷﻳﺴﺮ.
ﺷﻔّﺎﻑ ﻻ ﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﺧﻒّ ﺍﻟﻐـﺎﺯﺍﺕ ،ﻏـﲑ
ﺍﻷﻳﺴﺮِﻱ :ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣـﻦ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻳـﺪﻩ ﺳﺎﻡّ ،ﳛﻮﻱ ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ ﻣﻨﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ،ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﻧﺎ
ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺮﻯ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻃﺸﻢ ﺃﻳﺴﺮﻱ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻹﻳﺪﺭﻭٓﺟﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﺮﺗﻜﺰ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﲢﻄـﻴﻢ ﺫﺭﺓ
ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻃﺸﻢ -ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ -ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻳﺴﺮﺍﻩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ، ﺍﻹﻳﺪﺭﻭﺟﲔ.
ﻭﻳﺮﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺿﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻷﻳﺴﺮﻱ ﺃﻗﻮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﳝﲏ(.
ﺍﻹﻳﺮﺍﺩ] :ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ
ﺃﻳﺶ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ "ﺃﻱّ ﺷﻲﺀ" ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﻠﻎ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻛﺬﺍ ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺃﻱ:
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﻱ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻋُﺮِﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺷـﻴﺪ ﺩﺧﻠﻪ ،ﻭﺑﻠﻎ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻛـﺬﺍ ﻭﻛـﺬﺍ ﺃﻱ :ﺭﻳﻌﻬـﺎ
ﺟﻮﺍﺭٍ ﻟﻴﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻣﻨﻬﻦ ،ﻭﺃﻋﺠﺒﺘﻪ ﺟﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺳﺄﳍﺎ: ﻭﻏﻠﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻋﺎﻣّﻲ.
ﺍﻷﻳﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻟﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺎﺏ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍـﺎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍٕﺵ ﻭﺍٕﺷﻮ ﻭﺍٕﺷﻲ.
ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﻗﻴﺖ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﻬﻠﻮﻥ ﳘﺰﺎ.
ﺇﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺇﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﺀ ،ﺑﻼﺩ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ
ﺃﻭﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ،ﺍﲰﻬـﺎ ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺁﺵ ﻭﺁﺷـﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﰊ ،ITALIAﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺳﻜﺎﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﻳﺘـﺎﻟﻴﲔ، ﻭﺇﺵ ؟.
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﲢﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺻﻠﺔ ﲡﺎﺭﻳـﺔ ﻛـﱪﻯ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺘﺮﺍۤﻫﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻳۤﺶ ﻷﻳۤﺶ )ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ
ﲝﻠﺐ ،ﻧﻘﻠﺖ ﺑﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﺯﻋﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ "ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ" (.
ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ .ﰒ ﺃﻣﺪّﺕ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠـﺐ
ﺑﺎﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﺴﻄﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺳـﻮﻋﺘﻨﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈـﺮ : ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻝ :ﻭﺁﻳﺶ ﻣﻨّﻚ ،ﺃﻭ
ﺑﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻭﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺩﻗﺔ. ﻭﺁﻳﺶ ﻣﻨّﻚ ﻭﻣﺎﻟﺪّﻳۤﻜۤﺔ ،ﻓﻴﺴﻬﻠﻮﻥ ﳘﺰﺎ.
ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴۤﺔ :ﺗﺒﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺒﻮﺏ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ "ﺃٕﻡ ﻋﻤﻴﺶ" :ﺍﻟﻐِﻤﺎﻣﺔ :ﺃٕﻡ ﻋﻤﻴۤﺶ
ﻭﺗﻮﺻﻒ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻄﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﳊﺒﺔ ﻭﺃَﺎ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﳑﺘﻠﺌﺔ ﻭﻃﺮﻳـﺔ ﻭﺷـﻮﻙ ! ﺃﻳۤﺶ ﻭﺃﻳۤﺶ ؟.
ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﺴـﻴﺖ "ﺍﳊﻤـﺪ" ﺑـﺎﻳﺶ
ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳّﺔ. ﺑﺘﺼﻠّﻲ.
ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﭘﻴﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﲢﺮﺭﺍً ﰲ ﺍﻹﻳﻘﺎﻉ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﲰﺎﻉ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻔﺴّـﺮ "ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﻤﺎﺀِ ﺫﺍﺕ
ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﭘﻲ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﰲ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ. ﺍﳊُﺒُﻚ" )ﲰﺎ( ﺇﻳﺸﺘﻪ ﲰﺎ )ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬـﺎ(.
)ﺫﺍﺕ( :ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺔ )ﺍﳊُﺒﻚ( )ﻧﻪ ﺑَﻦ ﺑﻴﻠﲑﻡ ﻧﻪ ﺳﺰ ﺑﻴﻠﲑ ﺳﻜﺰ ﻧﻪ
ﻭﺗﻌﺪّ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺳﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺍﻭﻳﻞ ﻭﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺷﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴـﺔ
ﺩﻩ ﺃﷲ ﺑﻴﻠﲑ( )ﻻﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻋﺮﻓﻬﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺍﷲ(.
ﻣﺘﺤﺮﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻘﺎﻉ ﺇﱃ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ.
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺁﺽ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻋـﺎﺩ ،ﺗـﻼﺯﻡ
ﺃﻳﻘﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻳﻘﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻋﻠﻤﻪ ﻭﲢﻘﻘﻪ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻖ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ.
ﺇﻳﻨﺎﻝ :ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺃﻭﺍﺋـﻞ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷـﺮ ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﻳﻘﺎﺑـﻞ "ﺃۤﻳﻨـﺎ" ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴـﺔ "ﺁﻥَ"
ﺍﳍﺠﺮﻱ. ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺁﻥَ ﺯﻧْﺲ ﺗﺸﺘﺮﻱ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻱّ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺗﺸـﺘﺮﻱ ؟ ﻭﺁﻥَ
ﺯﻳﻬﺔ ﺗﺮﻭﺡ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻱّ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺗﺮﻭﺡ.
ﺍﻹﻳﻨﭻ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻮﺭﻱ ﻃﻮﻟﻮ ﲬﺲ ﺇﻳﻨﭽﺎﺕ
ﻭﻗﻄﺮ ﻓﺘﺤﺘﻮ ﺇﻳﻨﭽﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ :ﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻹﻳـﻨﭻ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃۤﻳﻦ.
ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺘﻤﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗَﺘَﻠﻮٓ ﻗﺘﻠۤﺔ ﺃۤﻳﻨﺎ ﻗﺘﻠﺔ ﺧﻼَﻩ ﻳﺘﺸﺎﻫﺪ،
ﺍﻹﻳﻨﭻ :ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﻻﻋﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﻻﻋـﺐ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻚ :ﺍﻟﻘﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺸﺘﻬﻴّﺎ ﻗﻠﺒَﻚ ،ﺟﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃۤﻳﻨﺎ ﻫﻮ
ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ،ﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﻮٓﻥ ﻭﺑﻌـﺪﻩ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑـﻊ ﺍﻟﻘـﺎﻕ ،ﻭﻫـﺬﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻇﲏ ﺁﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺇﻳﻨﺞ :ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺨﻦ ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻪ
ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺘﱪ ﺛﺨﻨﻪ ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﻧﻮﻉ. ﺃۤﻳﻨﺎ ﺃۤﻳﻨﺎ] :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﻟﻸﻭﻻﺩ[ :ﺛﻼﺛـﺔ ﻳﻨﺘﺼـﺒﻮﻥ
ﻣﻌﻤّﺸﲔ ﻭﻇﻬﺮﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﺎﺋﻂ ،ﻭﺛﻼﺛـﺔ ﺃﺧـﺮ ﻳﺮﻛﻌـﻮﻥ
ﺇۤﻳﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺑﲔ: ﳑﺴﻜﲔ ﺑﺄﻗﺤﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﺍﻷﻭَﻝ ،ﻭﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻳﺮﻛﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـﺮﺍﻛﻌﲔ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻛﻌﲔ ﺳـﺮّﺍً ﺑﺎﺳـﻢ
-ً ١ﻣﻦ "ﺇۤﻱ" ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛـﻲ
ﳓﻮ :ﻣﻌﻠﻘﺔ ،ﺣﻠﺰﻭﻥ ،ﺃﺑﻮ ﺷﺮﻣۤﺔ ،ﰒ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺸﺎﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺒﺔ:
ﻋﻦ "ﺇﻱ" ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻫﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺖ ]ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ[ :ﺇﻳﻪ ! ﺑـﺪﺑّﺮﺍ
ﺃۤﻳﻨﺎ ﺃۤﻳﻨﺎ ﻳﺎﻣﻦ ﺩﻕّ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﻟۤﻴﻨﺎ ! ﻳﺎﻣﻦ ﲰّﻴﺘﻮ ﳌّﻴﺘﻮ ! ﺑﺒﻄﻦ ﺃﻣّـﻮ
ﺭﺑّﻚ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻗﺮّ ﻭﺃﺭﺿﻰ ﺑﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻋﺘـﺮﺽ ،ﰒ ﻗـﺎﻝ
ﺣﻄّﻴﺘﻮ ﻳﺎﻣﻦ ﲰﻴﺘﻮ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺷﺮﻣۤﺔ ﻳﱰﻝ ﲞﻔﻴّۤﺔ ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻊ ﲞﻔﻴّۤﺔ ﻗﺒـﻞ
ﻛﻼﻣﺎً ﺁﺧﺮ :ﺑﺪﺑّﺮﺍ ...ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺘﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺻﻮﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺗـﺮﺍﻙ ﰲ
ﻣﺎﺗﺪﻗّﻮ )ﺃﻭ ﲡﻴﻪ( ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻳّﺔ ،ﻋﻤﺸﻮ ،ﻃﻤﺸﻮ ،ﺩﻳﺮﻭﺍ ﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ
ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺍﳓﺪﺭﺕ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣّﺔ.
ﰲ ُﻇﻠُﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ،ﻻﺣﺪﺍ ﻳﻔَﻠّۤﺖ ﻻﺣﺪﺍ ﻳﻄﺎﻟﻊ ﺭﳛﺔ ،ﺻﺎﺣﺐ
٢ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺃﻟﻮ ﻏﺒّۤﺔ.
ﺇۤﻱ ﻳﺎﻛﺎﻥ :ﺛﻼﺙ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ :ﻣﺪﻟﻮﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﻳﻮﰊ :ﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻮﱃ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﳌﻄﺮﻭﺡ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ: ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٥٨٩ﻫـ.
" -ً ١ﺇۤﻱ" :ﻫﻲ ﺇﻱ :ﺍﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﳉـﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺼـﺪﻳﻘﻲ ﺃﻳۤﻮٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ "ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ" ﻓﻘـﻂ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﳑﺎﻟﺔً ،ﻓﺎﻹﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻛﻤﻦ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺇۤﻱ. ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻏﲑ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﻠﺪﺍً ﳍﻢ .،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﳏﺮّﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ
"ﺃَﻱّ ﻭﻗﺖ ؟ " ﻓﻬﻲ ﻣﻨﺤﻮﺗﺔ ﻟﺘﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﻜﻠﻤـﺔ "ﺃۤﳝـﺖ":
" -ً ٢ﻳﺎ" :ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ -ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﺒﺎﺩﺭ -ﺇﳕﺎ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ،ﻟﻜﻦ "ﺃۤﻳﻮﻕ ؟ " ﳓﺖ ﺍﺑـﻦ ﺑـﺎﺏ
ﻫﻲ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺗﺼﺪﻳﻘﻲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻳﺎ. ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮ ،ﻭ "ﺃۤﳝﺖ" ﻣﻦ ﳓﺖ ﺍﻟﺴـﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻋـﻦ
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﲔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ.
ﻓﺎﻹﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻛﻤﻦ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﺰﱢﺯﺍً ﺍﻹﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ
ﺑﺈﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ. ﺃٓﻳُﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻭٓﻳﻮﻥ.
ﻭﺃﻟﻒ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻔﺨﻤﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳉﻬﻠﻬﻢ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺇۤﻳﻮٔﻩ :ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﺘﻔﺼﺢ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃَﻳْﻮٔﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣـﻦ
ﲪﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ "ﻳﺎ" ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻗﻘـﺔ ﺍﻷﻟـﻒ ،ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺃﻣـﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ" :ﺇﻱ" :ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻘﻲ ﳑﺎﻻً ،ﺑﻌـﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﻭ
ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎﻫﺎ ﰲ" :ﻳﺎ". ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﺍﳌﻘﺴﻢ ﺑﻪ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺖ.
ﻭﻣﻦ "ﺑَﺤﺴﻴﺘﺎ" ﺳﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻠـﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺠـﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﰲ "ﺑﻮﺭﺻﻪ" ﻣﺘﻌﺼﺐ ﻟﻠﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ
ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻌﺞ ﺑﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ،ﰒ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﳛﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﳚﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﰲ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻫﺎﻫﻮ ﺫﺍ ﺃﻣـﺎﻡ
ﺳﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻼﺩ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ. ﺑﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﳋﻀﺎﺭ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﺁﱐ ﻣـﻦ
ﺇﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﻭﺇﺧﻔﺎﺀ ﻭﺇﻗﻼﺏ ﻭﻣﺪﻭﺩ ﻭﻗﻠﻘﻼﺕ ﻭﺗﻔﺸـﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸـﲔ:
ﻭﺇﻥ ﺑﺪﺍ ﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺄﻟﲏ ﻋﻦ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﲰﻌﻪ ﻭﺍﻗﺮﺃ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻟﻚ :ﻋﻤﱢﻲ ! ﺑٔﻨﺎ ﺑﺶْ ﭘﺎﺭﻩ ﻟﻖ
ﺍﻹﳚﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﻗﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﺆﻛﺪﺍً ﰒ ﻣﺆﻛـﺪﺍً ﺃﺟﺒـﺖ: ﻗﺒﺎﻕ ﻭﻳۤﺮ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻋﻤﻲ! ﲞﻤﺲ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻋﻄﲏ ﻛﻮﺳﺎ.
ﻋﺪﻭﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮ :ﻻ ﲢﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﲰﻲ ﺑﺎﻃﻼً ،ﻭﺷﺮﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﻊ )ﻣﺘﻌﺠﺒﺎً ﻣﻦ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ( :ﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑـﻮ
ﺣﻈﺮﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً ﻷﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻗﺪ ﳜﻄـﻰﺀ، ﺧﻮﺟﻪ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ؟ ﺃﻱ :ﻣﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺎﺳﻴﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ،ﺃﺟﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ:
ﻓﺎﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺒﻌﺜﻪ. ﻳٔﺎ ! ﺑﻦ ﺳَﻨٕﻦ ﺑﺶ ﭘﺎﺭﻩ ﻟﻖ ﻗﺒﺎﻏﻦ ﺍﻳﭽﻮﻥ ،ﺑﻨﻢ ﻗﺮﺍﻩ ﲤﻲ ﺑﻮﺯﻩ
ﻳٕﻢ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻋﺠﻴﺐ ! ﺃﻷﺟﻞ ﲬﺲ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﻮﺳـﺎﻙ ﺃﻛﺴـﺮ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﻛﺪﺕ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻘﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﰐ.
ﲟﺆﻛﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ:
٧
–ً ٩ﻟﻠﻘﺴﻢ ﺑﻐﲑ ﺍﷲ :ﺑْﺪﻳﻨَﻚ ،ﺑٕـﺤْﻴﺎﰐ –ً ٣ﳌﻌﲎ ))ﻣﻊ(( :ﺍﺳـﻤﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﲰﻌﻮﺍ ﺟﺎۤﻳﻴﻨﺎ
ﻋﻠﻴﻚ. ﲪﺪﻭ ﺑْﺨﱪﻳّۤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻳﺪﺓ.
ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﰲ .–ً ١ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪّﻡ ﰲ .–ً ١
–ً ١۰ﻟﻠـﻘﺴﻢ ﺑﺎﷲ :ﺑَﺎﻟٔﻠﻪ ،ﺑٕﺎﷲ ﻭﺗٕﺎﷲ، –ً ٤ﳌﻌﲎ ))ﰲ(( ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻓﻴﺔ :ﻏـﻂّ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻥ
ﺑِﺎﷲِ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ. ﺑْﻠﻴۤﻠۤﺔ ﻣﺎﻓﻴّﺎ ﺿﻮّ ﻗﻤﺮ ،ﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﺑٕﺎﻟﻌﺘﻤۤﺔ.
ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ :ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻔﺨﻤﺔ، ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪّﻡ ﰲ .–ً ١
ﻭﺗﺮﺩ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺮﻗﻘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻜﺴﺮ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﻟﻠﻔﻈﻬﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﲬﺴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ. ﺑﺎﳌـﺎﺋﺔ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺟـﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟـﻀﺮﺏ :ﲬـﺴۤﺔ
–ً ۱١ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺘﻠﻮﻫﺎ ))ﻻ(( ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ :ﺟﻨﮕۤﻞ ﺑﺴﺘـﺔ :ﺛﻼۤﺛﲔ ،ﻛـﻼﳘﺎ ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﻤﺎ :ﲬـﺴﺔ
ﱄ ﻫﺎﳊﻨَﻚ ﺑَﻼ ﮔﺮّ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﻃﻌﻤۤﺔ :ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ :ﺗﻔﺘﺢ. ﰲ ﺍﳌـﺎﺋﺔ ،ﻭﲬـﺴﺔ ﰲ ﺳﺘـﺔ :ﺛـﻼﺛﻮﻥ) :ﻭﻫﻢ
ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ ﻋﺎﻣّﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑَﺎﻟﮕﺎﻉ ﲟﻘﺘﻀﻰ ﳍﺠﺘﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺗﻼۤﺗﲔ(.
ﻭﺑَﺎﻟﭽﻴﺲ ،ﻓﻴﻔﺘﺤﻮﺎ. –ً ٥ﳌـﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻝ :ﺑـﺎﻉ ﺷـﺮﻓٓﻮ ﺑْﻜﻢ
)ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ( :ﺑَﻼ ﻋَـﻠْﻚْ ﻣْـﺼـﺪﱢﻱ، ﻣﺼﺮﻳّۤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭ ﺑٕﺎﳌﺼﺎﺭﻱ.
ﺑَـﻼ ﻋٕﻠﻢ ﺑَﻼ ﺑَﻄّﻴﺦ ،ﺃﻛـﻠﻮ ﺑَﻼ ﻣـﻠﺢ ،ﻳﺎ ﻫـﻴﻚ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﰲ .–ً ١
ﻳﺎﺑَﻼ ،ﺑَﻼ ﻗﺎﻓۤﻲ ،ﺑﻼ ﻣﻌﲎ ،ﻳﺎ ﺑَﻼﺵ!. –ً ٦ﳌـﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ :ﻭﺣـﺪۤﺓ ﺑْﻮﺣـﺪۤﺓ،
)ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ( ﺍﻟﺸَﺐّ ﺑَﻼ ﺳﻴﻜﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻭﻣْﺴﺒّﻪ ﲟﺴﺒّۤﺔ.
ﺍﻟـﺒﻨﺖ ﺑَـﻼ ﺳـﻮﺍﺭﺓ ،ﻓـﻼﻥ ﻣـﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮﻣﻴﺰ ﺑَﻼ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﰲ .–ً ١
ﺭﻗﺒۤﺔ. –ً ٧ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺪﻳﺔ :ﺭٕﺣﺖ ﺑْﻜَﻢ ﺟﺒﺴۤﺔ ﻟﻌﻨﺪﻭ
)ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ( :ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻭﺷﻬﺮﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﺑۤﺖ ﻭﺭْﺟﻌﺖ ﺑٕﺎﳌﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﰲ ﺟﻴﱯ.
ﺻﱯ ﺑَﻼ ﻋﻴﻨﻴۤﻦ. ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﰲ .–ً ١
)ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏـﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ( :ﺑَـﻼ ﺣـﺴَﺒَـﻚ ﺑـﻼ –ً ٨ﻟﻠﺘﻠﺒّﺲ :ﻃﻠﻌْﺖ ﺑْﺪﻭٓﺭﺓ ،ﻣﺸﻴﺖ
ﻧﺴَﺒَﻚ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﻠﲑﺍﺕ ﻣﺎ ﺑْﺘﺤﻜﻲ. ﲟﺴﺎﻳﺮﺗﻮ ﻵﺧﺮ ﺣﺪ.
ﺑﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻋﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑَﺴﺎﻓۤﺮ ﻣﻌﻚ، ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﰲ .–ً ١
ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑَﺘﻜﻠﻢ. ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﳚﻮﺯ ﻃﻠـﻌﺖ ﲜﻮﻟﺔ ﻭﳉﻮﻟﺔ ﻭﺇﱃ
)ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ( :ﺑﻠﺒﻖ ﻟۤﻚ ﭼﻚّ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﺯ ﺟـﻮﻟﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺟـﻮﻟﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻣﺘﻠﺒّﺴﺎً ﺑـﻨﻴّﺔ
ﺁﻩ ﻳﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻴﲏ. ﺍﳉﻮﻟﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻼﻡ ﻭ ))ﺇﱃ(( :ﻟﻼﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ ،ﻭ ))ﰲ((:
ﻭﳓﻮ ﻣﺎﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻮﱄ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻞ.
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ﳉﱪ ﺿﻮﻣﻂ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ۱٨ﺹ .( ۲٣۰ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺱ ﺣـﺪﻭﺛﻪ ﻓـﻲ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ،ﻓﺄﻳﻦ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ؟
۱۱ﺹ .۲٣۰ ﰒ ﻣﺎﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻬﺎ؟
ﻭﺭﺩّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺟﺮﺟﻲ ﺯﻳﺪﺍﻥ :ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻋﺔ ﻫﻲ:
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺑْﺘﻌﺮۤﻑ ﻭﺑْﻴﻌﺮۤﻑ ،ﺇﱁ... –ً ١ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﺷﺮﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ
ﻭﻣَـﺜََﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣَﺜَﻞ ﺭﺟﻞ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﺧﺸﺐ ﺍﻷﺑـﻴﺾ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻂ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺟﺒﺎﻝ ﻃﻮﺭﻭﺱ ﺣـﱴ
ﻣﻠﻘﺎﺓ ﰲ ﺻﺤﺮﺍﺀ ﻗﺎﺣﻠﺔ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﺇﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳋﺸﺒﺔ ﻋـﺮﻳﺶ ﻣـﺼﺮ ،ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﰲ ﻧﻄﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﳊـﺎﻟﻴﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﺻﺨﺮ ﲝﺠﺔ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺃﺛﺮﺍً ﻟﻠﺸﺠﺮ ﰲ ﺗﻠﻚ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﺷﺮﻗﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ.
ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﺀ) .ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﻟـﺰﻳـﺪﺍﻥ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ۱٨ﺹ –ً ٢ﻣـﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﻟـﺼﻌﻴﺪ ،ﺃﻣﺎ
،(٤۲٦ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ۱۱ﺹ .٣۰۰ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺮﻳﻮﻁ ﻓﻼ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ.
ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ :ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺛﺎﻥ ﳉﺮﺟﻲ ﺯﻳﺪﺍﻥ –ً ٣ﺍﻟﺴّﻮﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
)ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ( ﺍﻟـﻘﺎﺋﻞ :ﻻ ﺃﺭﻯ ﻣﺎﻧﻌﺎً ﻣﻦ –ً ٤ﻗـﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﺑـﻮﺭﻧﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﻥ
ﻛﻮﺎ ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ)) :ﺑٕﺪﱢﻱ(( ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻂ ،ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺟﻨﺎﺱ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ.
ﺑﻮﺩّﻱ ،ﺇﺫ ﺇﻥ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﺑﲔ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ :ﺑَﻌﺮۤﻑ –ً ٥ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣـﺬﻫﺐ
ﻭﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃَﻋﺮۤﻑ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻮﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻴﻀﻮﻥ ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻗﻮﻱ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺇﻥ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﳊﻤﲑﻳﺔ.
ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﳉﺮﺟﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ :ﻓﻼ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺑَﻌﺮۤﻑ. ﺃﻣـﺎ ﺑـﻘﻴﺔ ﺟـﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻓﺎﻷﻣﺮ ﻻﻳﺰﺍﻝ
ﺯﻳﺪﺍﻥ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ۱٨ﺹ .٣۰۱ ﻴﻤﺎً ﱂ ﻳﺘﺤﻘﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ.
ﻭﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﻧﻌﻴﻢ ﺻﻮﺍﻳﺎ ﺯﻳﺪﺍﻥ ﰲ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﻪ ﻫﺬﺍ. ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ))ﻟﻨﺪﺑﺮﺝ(( ﰲ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﺃﻥ ﳒﺪﺍً
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣ﺹ .٤۱٨ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﻧﺴﺘﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻜِﺮﻣِﻠﻲّ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ: ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺟﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮﻳﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﻴﻜﺘٓﺐ ﻣﺜﻼً ﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣ﺹ ٩٨٧ﻭ ٩٩۰ﻭ.٩٩۲
ﺑﻼﺩﻫﻢ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺑﺪّﻱ :ﺍﳌﻘﻄﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻮﺩﱢﻱ(( ﺃﻣﺎ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻓﻔﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ،
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﻭﺩّ ،ﰒ ﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣّﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺃﺭﻳﺪ، ﺷـﻐﻠﺖ ﻋـﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﻛـﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﺮﻥ:
ﻓﻘﻮﳍﻢ ﻣﺜﻼً :ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﻛﺬﺍ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ :ﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ :ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺟﺮﺟﻲ ﺯﻳﺪﺍﻥ
ﺃﻓﻌَﻠﻪ. ﺍﻟـﻘﺎﺋﻞ :ﺇﻧـﻬﺎ ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻔﻈﺔ ﻓﻘﺪﺕ ﺍﻵﻥ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳊﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﲑﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮّﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻗـﺪﳝﺎً ،ﻳـﻘﺎﻝ :ﺇﻥ ﻗـﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﺏ ﻧﻄﻘﺖ ﺎ
ﻓﻬﻮ ))ﺑَﺪ(( ،ﻷﱐ ﲰﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑَ ْﺪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺑﺄﺯﻣﺎﻥ.
)ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ۱٨ﺹ ٤۲٦
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ﻣﻌﲎ ﺑﻴﻜﺘﺐ :ﺑﻌﺰﻣﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺈﺭﺍﺩﺗﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﺃﺭﻭﺡ ،ﲟﻌﲎ ﺑَﺮﻭﺡ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﻳﲔ.
ﰒ ﻋﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻟﻜﻦ ﻧﺮﺩّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺑﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻋﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ) .ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﻧﺴﺘﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ
ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻡ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ، ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣ﺹ.(٤۱٧– ٤۱٥
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻫﻨﺎ ﰲ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣّﺔ ﲡﺮﺩ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ :ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺟﱪﺍﺋﻴﻞ ﺃﺯﺭﻕ
ﻭﺗﻨﻔﻲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻛﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ،ﻭﺇﻥ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺇﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ :ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ))ﺑﺎﺕ(( ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻐﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻦ
ﺗﻮﺳّﻌﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﲎ ﰒ ﺧﺼﺼﻮﻩ ،ﻗﻠﻨﺎ :ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ))ﺑﺎﺕ(( ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻓﺄﻇﻦ ﺃﻧﻪ ﱂ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺩﻓﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ...
ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻔﻈﺔ ))ﺑﻌﺰﻡ(( ﺃﻭ ))ﺑﺈﺭﺍﺩﺓ(( ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻭﺣﺪﻫﺎ؟ ﻓﻘﻴﻞ ﺃﻭﻻً ﰲ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ
ﻭﺃﻳﻦ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﻧﻘﺮﺍﺽ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ :ﺑٕﺖّ ﺗْﺤﺐّ :ﺑﺈﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻻﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩﻫﻢ
ﺑﺘﺪﺭّﺝ؟ ﻭﻻ ﺷﻚ ﺃﻢ ﻳﻠﻘﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ. ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﰒ ﺣﺬﻓﺖ ﻟﻠﺨﻔّﺔ ﻭﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﺼﺎﺭﺕ:
ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ :ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺑﺘﺤﺐّ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺑﺘﺤﺒﲏ ﻭﺑﺘﺒﻐﻀﲏ:
ﺃﻧﺴﺘﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ ﻣﻬﻤﻼً ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ :ﺇﻥ ﺑﺖّ ﲢﺒﲏ ﻭﺑﺖّ ﺗﺒﻐﻀﲏ.
ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺸﺮﻗﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﻧﺞ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻋﺔ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺼﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ
ﻣﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ ))ﺑَﺄَﻯ – ﻳَﺒﺌِﻲ(( ﲟـــــــﻌﲎ: ﻭﺍﻹﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﰲ ))ﺑْﺘَﻌﻤۤﻞ(( ﻣﺜﻼً :ﺗﺒﻴﺖ
ﺃﺭﺍﺩ – ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻭ ﻃﻠﺐ – ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ :ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻭﺇﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀﻳﻦ ﻻﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩﻫﻢ
ﺃُﻣﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ. ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻓﺄﺳﻘﻄﺖ ﺃﻭﻻﳘﺎ ﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﳋﻔﺔ
ﰒ ﻋﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﻥ ))ﺑَﺄَﻯ(( ﺟﺎﺀ ﻓﺼﺎﺭﺕ ))ﺑﻴۤﺖ ﺗﻌﻤۤﻞ(( ،ﰒ ﺣﺬﻓﺖ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻻﻟﺘﻘﺎﺀ
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻃﻠﺐ ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﳑﺎ ﻻ ﻧﻨﻜﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﲔ ﻭﻃﻠﺒﺎً ﻟﻠﺨﻔﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻐﲏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀﻳﻦ
ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﳌﻤﺎﺗﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﻠﺔ ﺯﻭﺍﻻً ﻛﻠﻴّﺎً ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻜﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﻟﻴﺘﲔ ﺑﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﺼﺎﺭﺕ ﺑْﺘﻌﻤۤﻞ) .ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻃّﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻔﺔ ،ﺑﻞ ﻭﺃَﺯﻳﺪ ﳉﱪﺍﺋﻴﻞ ﺃﺯﺭﻕ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣ﺹ.(٥٥٩
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ))ﺑَﺄَﻯ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﻃﻠﺐ ﳑﻜﻦ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻻ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ :ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﻪ،
ﺷﻚ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﻔﺔ ))ﺑَﻐَﻰ – ﻳﺒﻐِﻲ(( ﻷﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﻧﺴﺘﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ ﻣﻬﻤﻼً
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺒﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻬﻤﻠﺔ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ :ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻟﻠﻘﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪﺍً ﻟﻌﻤﻞ
ﻛﺜﲑﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ،ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻐﻨﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﳊﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻛﺮ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺗﺮﻗﻖ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻼﻟﺔ ،ﻓﻤﻌﲎ ﺑﻴﻜﺘٓﺐ :ﺑﺎﷲ ﺇﻧﻪ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ.
ﻓﺘﺠﻠﻌﻪ ﳘﺰﺓ ...ﻓﺤﺼﻞ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑَﻐَﻰ(( ﺑﻌﻰ ،ﰒ ﺑﺄَﻯ... ﰒ ﻋﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ :ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻧﻈﻨﻪ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍً
ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺑﻴﻜﺘﺐ :ﻳﺒﻐﻰ ﺃﻥ ﳌﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻒ.
ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ) .ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻸﺏ ﺃﻧﺴﺘﺎﺱ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ :ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺛﺎﻥ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣ﺹ.(٤۱٥ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﻪ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﻧﺴﺘﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻬﻤﻼً
ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ :ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻉ ﻣﻨﺒﻮﺫ :ﻭﻫﻮ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
ﻭﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﳓﻦ :ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺸﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﳘﻞ ﺫﻛﺮ ﳎﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺗـﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌـﺰﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﺭﺍﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ
LAN DE BERG ﺍﲰﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﻫﻮ ﻟﻨﺪﺑﺮﺝ ﳘﺎ ﲟﻌﻨـﺎﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻣـﻦ ﺛَــﻢّ ﻓـﻴﻜﻮﻥ
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ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻑ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻻﺷﻚّ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺟﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻟﻘﺐ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻳﺪﻱ.
ﺃﻭ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻤﻌﲎ ﻗﻴﻜﺘٓﺐ :ﺍﻟـﻮﻗﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻟﻨﺪﻟﺮﺝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺑﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻋﺔ ﰲ
ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟـﻮﻗﺖ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺭﺃﻳﻲ ﻻﻏﲑ ﺫﻛـﺮﺗﻪ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻭﺟﺪ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺃَﺑِﻲ ،ﻳَﺒِﻲ،
ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﺳﻨﲔ. ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺭﻳﺪ – ﻳُﺮﻳﺪ ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ﻋﺮﺏ ﻋْﻨٕﺰۤﺓ ﻣﺜﻼً:
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴّﺮ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻧﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ))ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃَﰊ ﺃﺭﻭﺡ ﻣﻌﻚ(( ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﺃﺭﻭﺡ ﻣﻌﻚ،
ﺑﻌﺪ) .ﻣـﻦ ﻣـﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﻟـﻸﺏ ﺃﻧـﺴﺘﺎﺱ ﺍﻟـﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ ﰲ ﻣـﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ: ﻭ))ﺧٓﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺗﺒﻴﻪ(( ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﺪﻩ ...ﻭ ))ﺃَﻫﻠﻮٓ ﻳﺒﻮﻥ
ﺱ ٣ﺹ.(٤۱٧– ٤۱٥ ﻳﺮﺳﻠﻮﻥ ﻓَﺤْﻞ ﺃﺑﺎﻋﺮ ﻳﻌﻘﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﱪﻭ((.
ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ :ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺟﺮﺟﻲ ﻋﻄﻴﺔ ﻭﳜﺘﺮﻝ ﺃﻫﺎﱄ ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﺼﲑ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ :ﺇﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ :...ﺫﻟـﻚ ﺃﻥ ))ﺑﺎ(( ﻓﻘﻂ)) :ﺃﻣﺲ ﻛﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻜﻼ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘَﻮﻯ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺃﺟﺎﺯﻭﺍ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ،ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺷﻐﻞ ﻭﺑﺎﻧﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻏﺪﻭﺓ(( ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻣﺲ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ
ﻭﺭﺩ ﺩﺧﻮﳍﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ))ﺣَﺴْﺐ(( ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺒﻴﺖ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﻸ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﺪﺍ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺷﻐﻞ ،ﻭﺳﻨﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻏﺪﻭﺓ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺟـﺢ ،ﳓﻮ :ﲝﺴﺒﻚ ﺩﺭﻫﻢ .ﺃﻱ :ﻳـﻜﻔﻴﻚ
ﺩﺭﻫﻢ. ))ﺑﺎ(( ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺷﺄﻥ ﻋﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻓﺈﻢ ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻮﻥ
ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ :ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺛﺎﻥ ﳉﺮﺟﻲ ﻋﻄﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ :ﻧﻌﺘﱪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻣﺰﻳﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ))ﺃﻥ(( ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭﻳﺔ ﺃﻣﺎ ﻋﺮﺏ ﳒﺪ ﻓﻴﺪﺧﻠﻮﻥ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ
ﻣﻘﺪﺭﺓ ،ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ))ﺃﻥ(( ﻻﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣـﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺃﻫﻞ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ.
ﻓﺈﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ))ﺑﻴﻘﻮﻝ(( :ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳـﻘﻮﻝ ،ﺛـﻢ ﺣﺬﻓﺖ ))ﺃﻥ(( ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺃﻥ ﻓﻌﻞ ))ﺃَﺑَﻰ – ﻳَـﱯ(( ﻣﺜﻞ ﻓﻌﻞ
ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭﺍً. ﺑﻐﻰ ﻳﺒﻐِﻲ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺃﺭﺍﺩ – ﻳﺮﻳﺪ) .ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺍﻠﺪ
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ﺃﲪﺪ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ :ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓـﻌﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭﺍً ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ –ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ– ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻗﺪﳝﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺟﺪﺍً ،ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺮﺃﺕ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﻳﺼﺪّﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﲟﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﻠﺺ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﻗـﻮﺍﻝ
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻒ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﻧﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﻱ، ﻳﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣُﺪّﻋﺎﻩ)) :ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ(( ﺃﻭ ))ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ((
ﻭﺫﻟـﻚ ﰲ ﻛـﺘﺎﺏ)) :ﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺠﺎﻥ ﻭﻏُـﺮَﺭ ﺃﻛﺘﺐ(() .ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﺘﻮﻣﺎ ﻛﻴﺎﻝ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ: ﺃﻭ ))ﺑﻪ
ﺗﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ(( ﻷﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﻴﺪﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﺇﻳﺒَﻚ: ﺱ ٣ﺹ(٥٥٨
ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ))ﺻﺮﺧﺪ(( ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻋﺸﺮ :ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﳋﻮﺭﻱ ﺇﻟﻴﺎﺱ
ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻣﻨﻘﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻧﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟـﻘﺎﺋﻞ :ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺀ ﻣـﻘﻄﻮﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻓـﻌﻞ
))ﺑـﺪﺃ(( ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﲎ ))ﺑﺎﻛﺘٓﺐ(( :ﺃﺑﺪﺃ ﺃﻛﺘﺐ .ﻣـﺠﻠﺔ
ﺍﳍﺠﺮﻱ :ﺃﻥ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣـﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ :ﻛﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﺍﳌـﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣ﺹ.(٤٧٧
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﺒﺸﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ، ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺭﻓﺎﺋﻴﻞ ﳔﻠﺔ :ﻧﺮﺟﺢ ﺃﻥ
ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ،ﻓـﻔﻲ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ))ﺑﺎﺩﻯﺀ(() .ﻏـﺮﺍﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﻠـﻬﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺹ.(٥٤
ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺘﲔ :ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺣﺮﻑ ))ﺏ(( ﻣـﺨﺘﺰﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺏ ﻻﻣﻨﺲ] :ﺃﺻﻠﻪ[ ﻓـﻌﻞ
ﺑﺪﺃ) .ﻣـﻦ ﻣـﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻸﺏ ﻫﻨﺮﻱ ﻻﻣﻨﺲ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ٣
ﻛـﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺑﻴﺖ(( ،ﻓﻨﻄﻘﻮﻫﺎ ))ﺏ(( ﺃﻭ ))ﺑـﺎ(( ﺃﻭ ))ﺑۤﻲ((
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ﻭﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﲔ :ﺗﺴﻜّﻦ ﺃﺟـﺎﺑﻚ :ﺑﺎ ﺁﻛﻞ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺫﻭ ﺃﻛﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺻـﺎﺣﺐ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻼﻫﺎ ﺳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﺘﺮﺩّ. ﺃﻛـﻞ ،ﻭﺑﺎ ﺃﺷﺮﺏ ﻭﺑﺎ ﺃﻛﺘﺐ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺻـﺎﺣﺐ
ﺷﺮﺏ ﻭﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ.
ﺇﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻣﻊ ﻧﻮﻥ ))ﺃﻧﻴﺖ(( ﻣﻴﻤﺎً:
ﻭﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ
)ﻣﻨٕﻜﻨٓﺐ ﻣْﻨٕﻜﺮۤﻡ ﻣﻨﻨﻜٕﺴۤﺮ ...ﻣْﻨﺎﺧٓﺪ ﻣْﻨﺎﻛٓﻞ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑَﻜﺘٓﺐ ﺑَﺎﻛٓﻞ ﺑﺸﺮﺏ) .ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟـﻤﺤﻜﻢ ﻟﻠـﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ
ﻣٕﻨْﻌﻠّۤﻢ ﻣٕﻨﻘﺎﺗۤﻞ ﻣٕﻨﺪﺭْﻛۤﻞ( ﳚﻮﺯ ﺇﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻣﻊ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ :ﺹ.(۲۲
))ﺃﻧﻴﺖ(( ﻣﻴﻤﺎً ،ﻭﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﺗﺴﻜﻴﻨﺎً ﻭﺭﺩّﺍً ﻛﺄﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﺍﻷﺻﻞ. ))ﺃﻧﻴﺖُ(( ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻣﻊ ﺃﺣﺮﻑ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣٕﻨْﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺸﻲ ﻣٕـﻨْﺼﲑ
ﺑﺸﻲ ،ﻣٕﻨﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻣٕﻨﺼﲑ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴۤﻄﺮﺓ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ) :ﺑَـﻀﺮۤﺏ ﺑَـﺸﺮٔﺏ
ﺑَﺤﻔٓﺮ( )ﺑَﺄﻣٓﺮ ﺑَﺄﺳۤﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺑٕﺄﺳۤﺮ( )ﺑـﺎﺧٓﺪ ﺑﺎﻛٓﻞ(،
ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺀ ﻣـﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ) –ً١ :ﺑﻴٕـﻜﺘٓﺐ ﺑْﻴٕﻜﺮۤﻡ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ :ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ،ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺎً ﳑﺎﻝ ﺍﻟـﻌﲔ
ﺑْـﻴٕﻨﻜٕﺴۤﺮ ﺑْـﻴٕﺤﺘﺮۤﻕ ﺑـﻴٕﺘْﻜﻠّﻢ ﺑْـﻴٕﺘﻘٔﺎﺗﻞ ﺑْـﻴٕـﺴْﻮﺩّ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭﻫﺎ :ﺑَﻀﺮۤﺏ ﺑَﻤﺸﻲ ،ﳚﻮﺯ ﺇﻣﺎﻟﺔ* ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ
ﺑْـﻴٕﺴﺘﻐﻔۤﺮ() ،ﺑـٕﻜْﺘﺐ ﺑٕـﻜﺮۤﻡ ﺑٕـﻨْﻜﺴۤﺮ ﺑٕـﺤْﺘﺮۤﻕ ﺑٕﻀﺮﺏ ﺑٕﻤﺸﻲ.
ﺑٕﺘْﻜﻠﻢ ﺑٕﺘْﻘﺎﺗﻞ ﺑٕﺴْﻮﺩّ ﺑٕﺴْﺘﻐﻔۤﺮ( )ﺑﻴﺎﺧٓﺪ ﺑﻴﺎﻛٓﻞ(.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﳘﺰﺓ ﺃﻧﻴﺖ ﻓﺘﺤﺬﻑ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ
) –ً ٢ﺑْـﻌﻠّۤﻢ ﺑْﻘٔـﺎﺗۤﻞ ﺑْﺪَﺭْﻛۤﻞ() ،ﺑـِﻴﻌﻠّۤﻢ ﻣﻬﻤﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺀ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻟﺴﺎﱂ ﺇﻻ ))ﺑﺎﺧٓﺪ(( ﻭ ))ﺑﺎﻛٓﻞ((
١٣
ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻕ ،ﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﮕﺪﺏ ﻛﺘﲑۤﺓ ،ﻻ ﺗٕﻔﺘﺢ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺑـﺎ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻭﻟَﻚ ﻳـﺎﺑَﺎ! ﺳـﺎﻳۤﺮ،
ﺍﻟـﻨَﻜَﺪ ،ﻫﺎﻟﺒْـﻮﺍﺏ – ﺍﲰﺎﻉ ﻣِـﻨّﻲ – ﻋـﺪﱢﻱ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺏ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎً ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ :ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﻟـﻐﺎﺋﺒﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ
ﻋـﻨﺎ ،ﺍﻃـﻼﻉ ﻣـﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻮﺍﺏ ،ﻻ ﺗـﻔﺘﺢ ﺑـﻮﺍﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺣﺬﻓﻮﺍ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﻷﺏ ،ﰒ ﺗﻨﻮﺳﻴﺖ ﺇﺿـﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺇﱃ
ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻘﺪﺭ ﺑﺘﺴّﻜﺮﺍ ،ﻓﺘﺢ ﺑـﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮ ،ﺣـﻮّۤﺵ ﺭﺯﻗﺎ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺒﺔ ﻓﻐﺪﺍ ﻳﻘﻮﳍﺎ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ.
ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻠۤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺑﺎ ﶈﺮﺍﺑﺎ،
ﺍﻧْﻔﺘﺤۤﺖ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎ ﺎﳌﻄﺮ ،ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﻋﺎﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ. ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻳَـﺒَﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻳَﺒﺎٔ ،ﻓﻴﺤﺬﻓﻮﻥ ﺃﻟﻒ
ﻳﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻣﺎﻣﻔﺘﱢﺢ ﺍﻷﺑـﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺫﻧﺐ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻫﺘﻒ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ
ﺍﻓﺘﺢ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺧﲑ ﺑﺎﺏ .ﻣﻦ ﲤّﻚ ﻻﺑـﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎ. ﺣﻮﻟﻪ ﺻﺎﺋﺤﲔ :ﻳﺎﺑﺎٔﱐ ﻋﺎﻟﺸﻜﻮۤﺓ ﻭﻋﺎﻟﺒﻜﻮۤﺓ
)ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻨﺪﺭ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﲤﻚ ﻻﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺟﻘﻴۤﻢ(. )ﻭﻳﻀﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﺑﻘﺒﻀﺘﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻔﻬﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﻮﺡ( ،ﻭﻫﻨﺎ
ﺃﺿﺎﻓﻮﺍ ))ﺑﺎ(( ﺇﱃ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻨﺴﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻮﺳﻄﻮﺍ
]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺃﺧﻮﻙ ﺭﺍﻋﻲ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ.
ﺍﳊﺼﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺑﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﻟﻴﺘﻮﻫﻢ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻊ ﺃﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺩﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ(. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺏ ﻭﻳﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋِﺲ :ﺍﳌﺒﺘﻠﻰ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟـﻤﻨﺤﻮﺱ ﻣﻨﺤﻮﺱ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ.
ﻋﻠّﻘﻮ ﻋﺒﺎﺏ ﺩﺑﺮﻭ ﻓﺎﻧﻮﺱ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﲜﻴﻚ ﻣـﻨﻮ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﲨﻊ
ﺍﳍﻮﺍ ﺳﺪّﻭ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﻳﺢ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺪﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺑـﺴﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﺲ :ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺳﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺧﻄﺄ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺳﺎﺀ ﺟـﻤﻊ
ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ ،ﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ )ﺗـﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺏ ﺑَﺌﻴﺲ :ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟـﺒﺄﺱ ،ﺍﻟـﺸﺠﺎﻉ ،ﻭﺻـﻮﺍﺎ
ﻓﺘﺢ ﺯﻳﻘﻪ ،ﻭﲢﺘﻤﻞ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺻﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ(، ﲨﻌﻪ ﲨﻌﺎً ﺳﺎﳌﺎً.
ﺍﳊﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﮕﺪّﺍﺏ ﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ،ﺳﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑﺢ ﺑـﺨﻠّﻲ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻧﺎﺑۤﺢ ،ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻭﺃﻟﻮ ﻣـﻔﺘﺎﺡ، ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑـٓﻴْﺸﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ
ﺍﳉﻨﻮﻥ ﺗﻨﲔ ﻭﺳﺒﻌﲔ ﺑﺎﺏ ،ﻋﺒﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻘﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻴْﺸَﺎ :ﺍﻟﻔﻘﲑ.
ﻭﻻ ﻗﻤﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ،ﻓﺘﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﮕﲔ ﻭﺣـﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺴﻜﻦ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ،
ﺑﻨﺘﻚ ،ﺳﻜّۤﺮ ﺑﺎﺑﻚ ﻭﺃﻣّۤﻦ ﺟﺎﺭﻙ ،ﻳﺎ ﻓْﺘﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺑَﻚ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻐﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻞ ،ﻭﳎﺎﺯﺍً :ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ.
ﻭﺍﻧﺸﻬۤﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻜﺮﻭٓ ﻭﺍﻧﺴﺘۤﺮ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛـﺮﻫﻚ ﺟـﺎﺭﻙ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ،ﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﻳـﻀﺎً:
ﺣـﻮّۤﻝ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺩﺍﺭﻙ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪ ﳌﺎ ﲜﻲ ﺑٕـﻜﺴٓﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ، ﺑْﻮٔﺍﺏ.
ﻳﺎ ﺭﰊ ﻣﺎﱄ ﻏﲑ ﺑﺎﺑﻚ ،ﻻﺗﺸﻮﻑ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻭﺣْﻼﻗﻮ ﻭ ))ﺩﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺭ(( ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﻴﺒﺎﻥ.
ﺻﻔﺮ ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺟﻮّﺍﺗﻮ ﺷﻲ ﺑﻨﻜٓﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺮ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻣﺎﺑﺴﻜّﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺃٕﻻ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃٔﺧﺪ ﲪّﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺑَـﺎﺑَﺎ،
ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ﺑﺎﺏ )ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺄﺟﺮ ﺣﻮﺵ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺑﺎ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺎﺏ.
ﻭﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﺴﻜّﺮۤﺕ ﺑﻮﭼّﻮ ﺑﻮﺍﺏ
١٤
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﻃﻮﻟﻮ ﺑﻄﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺒﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ )ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﲪﺪ
ﻭﻋﺮﺿﻮ ﺑﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﳌﺴﻄﺒﺔ ﺑﺎۤﺭۤﻙ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻨﺠﺎﻥ ﺑﺘﻔﺮّﺝ ﺗـﻴﻤﻮﺭ ﺑـﺎﺷﺎ ﻓـﻲ ))ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ(( ﺹ :٤٧
ﻋﺎﻟﻨﺴﻮﺍﻥ) :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻨﺠﺎﻥ ﳎﺮﻯ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﻓـﻴﻪ ﻛـﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺇﺛﺎﺭﺓ ﺧﺼﺎﻡ ﺑﻼ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﻳﺒﲎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ،
ﻧﺎﺗﺊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً(. ﻓﺎﺟﺄ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻔﺎﺟﺊ ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺪﺧﻮﻟﻪ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻜﺎﺩ
ﻳﻠﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺴﺮﻉ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻕ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺎﺑﲔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺃﻣﺎ ﳓﻦ ﻓﻨﻔﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ
ﺍﻟـﺼﻘﺎﻕ :ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻳﺔ ﺑﺪﻗّﺎ ﻭﺍﳉﺎۤﻳۤﺔ ﺑﺪﻗّﺎ ،ﺍﻟـﻜﺒﲑ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻧـﻪ ﻫﺠﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﻓﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻧﺪﻟﻊ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺝ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﳔﻠﻊ. ﻳﺘﺪﺭﺝ ﻭﻳﺘﻠﻄﻒ ،ﻭﻛﺄﻥ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺻـﻞ
ﺇﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻧﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﻠﻢ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﻳـﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺰﻳّﺖ ﻳﺘﺪﺭﺝ ﰲ ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﻄﻠﺒﻪ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﻣﻀﻰ ﺗﻮﺍً ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺃﻱ
ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺎﻛﲔ :ﻣﺰّﻳۤﺖ ﺑﺎﺑٓﻮ. ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﻟﻴﺤﻘﻖ ﻏﺮﺿﻪ .ﺍﻟﺸﺤﺎۤﺩﺓ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎ ﻟـﻜﻦ
ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻔﺔ ﻋﺎﻻﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺻﻌﺒﺔ ،ﺣﻄّۤﻴﺖ ﺑـﺎﺏ ﺍﳌـﻌﱪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻧﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺎﺏ )ﻳـﺮﻳﺪ :ﺣـﻠﺖ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺍﳌـﻮﺿﻮﻉ(،
ﺍﻓﺘﺢ ﱄ ﻳﺎ ﺑـﻮّﺍﺏ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻗﺎۤﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺑﻮ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻓـﺮﻍ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ :ﺑﻠﻴﺪﺓ ﺷﺮﻗﻲّ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ ﺑﻠﺒﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻟﺒﺴﻪ( ،ﺑّﺮﺍ ﻭﺟﻮّﺍ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻻﺑﻮﺍﺏ.
ﻭﺧﲑﺍﺎ ،ﺣﻮﳍﺎ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﳑﺎ ﻫﻲ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ. ﻣﺎﺣﺪﺍ ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺳﻘﺎﻗﻚ ﺑﺮﻛﺒﺘﻮ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺈﻳﺪﻳﻨﻮ
ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻷﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﻏﺰﺍﺓ ﺍﻟـﺘﻨﺘﲔ )ﺃﺑـﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟـﺪﻭﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺘﻄﺮﻓﺔ ﳝﻜﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﻤﺎ ﲰﻴﺖ ))ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻞ. ﻓﺘﺤﻬﺎ ﺑﺪﻓﻌﺔ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﻹﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻘّﺎﻃﺔ ،ﻭﻫـﻨﺎ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻻ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺩﺍﺭﻙ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻳﺪﺍﻩ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻟﺘﺎﻥ ﲝﻤﻞ ﻛـﻴﺲ ﺃﻭ
ﳓﻮﻩ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺑﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺩﺍﺭﻙ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻫﻢّ ﺑﺎﻟـﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﻛـﺎﻧﺖ
ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻳﺪﺍﻩ ﺟﺎﻫﺰﺗﲔ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﺎﻃﺔ ﻭﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺏ(،
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﱐ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ))ﺑﺎﺏ ﺗﺎۤﺩۤﻑ((. ﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ :ﻻ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻳﻬﺘﻢّ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺘﻚ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺎۤﰊ :ﺑﺎﻹﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﲤﻴﻴﺰﺍً ﳍﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻐﲑﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ :ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﻋﺎﻹﺳﻼﻡ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎﻩ ﻋﺎﻟﺸﺤﺎۤﺩﺓ ﺳﺒﻘﻨﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻜﲎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ. ﻋﺎﻻﺑﻮﺍﺏ )ﻭﰲ ﳒﺪ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﻓﺔ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻮﻧﺎ
ﻋﺎﻟـﺒﻴﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟـﻜﺒﺎﺭ( ،ﺷِﻴﻠﻮﱐ ﻷﺩَﺭﺑۤﺲ ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺏ،
ﻭﻣـﻦ ﳍـﺠﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻳٓﻮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺎﺩٓﻭ ﲟﻌﲎ: ﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎ ﺣﺒﻠۤﺖ ﻭﻃﻨﱪۤﺕ ﺃٕﺟﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺩﺭﺑﺴۤﺖ،
ﻳﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﱯ! ﻭﻣٕﻲّ :ﻣﺎﺋﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﮔـﺎﺿﺒﲔ ﻣْـﮕٔﻀٔﺒّﲔ ﻣﺎﻟـﺒﺎﺏ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺮﺍﺏ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺪّﻙ ﺗﺮﻭ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﰲ ))ﻛﻀﺐ(( – ﺷَﺤّﺎﺩۤﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻣﺎﺑﺼﲑ،
ﻻ ﺗﻨﺴﻰ ﺧٕﺪﻟﻚ ﻗﺒﻘﺎﺏ )ﻷﻥ ﻃﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﺷﺘـﺮۤﺕ ﺑﻮّﺍﺏ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻋـﻨﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﺏ ،ﺭﺍﺡ ﺑﺎﻟـﻐﺒﺎﺭ
ﻛﺜﲑ(. ﻭﺃﺟﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﺗﻔﺸﻜﻠﺖ ﺑﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ.
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ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﺱ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ،ﰒ ﻋﺮﻑ ﲟﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﻟﻐﻀﺎﻳﺮﻱ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﳏﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺹ.۲٤٣
ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ. ﻭﺍﻧـﻈﺮ ﻣـﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻟـﻜﻠﻤﺔ :ﺱ ۲٨ﺹ :۲۰٣ﻗـﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺏ.
ﺍﻧـﻈﺮ ﻛـﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛـﺎﺭ ﺍﻻﺳـﻼﻣـﻴﺔ ﻟﺴﻮﻓـﺎﺟـﻪ :ﺹ.۲٨ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ] :ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ،ﲰﻴﺖ
ﻭﰲ ﺳﲑﺓ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺑﻴﱪﺱ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺆﺩﺍﻩ :ﺃﻥ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﻔﻀﻲ ﺇﱃ
ﺣﺮﺍﺳﺔ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺃﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻮﻛﻮﻟﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻔﺪﺍﻭﻱ ﺍﳊُﻤْﺮ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺻﺤﺮﺍﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ،ﻓـﺤﺮﻓﻮﺍ
ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ،ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ﺣﺮﺍﺳﺔ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳊُﻤْﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺃﲪﺮ .ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻫﺪﻣﻪ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ
ﻣﻮﻛﻮﻟﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻓﺪﺍﻭﻱ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺟﻨﺪﻱ ،ﺳﺒﺐ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ ﻭﺑﲎ ﲝﺠﺎﺭﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻱ ﺱ .١٢٤٨
ﺍﻋﺘﺰﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺒﺄﺳﻪ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺟﻴﺶ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﲔ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺑﻂ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﲰﻪ :ﺑﺎﺏ ﺑَﺎﻟﻮﺝ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻮﺝ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭ
ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻻ ﳚﺴﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻧﻮ ﻣـﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﻭﻣﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ )ﺑـﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﻋـﻦ ))ﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ(( ﺝ ۲ﺹ۲۱
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ﺑﺎﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻕ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﻨﺪﺛﺮﺓ ،ﻫﺪﻣﺘﻪ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﺍﳌﺼﻔﺢ ﺑﺎﳊﺪﻳﺪ. ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺳﻨﺔ ۱٣۱۰ﻫ ﻟﺘﻮﺳﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺷﺪﺍﺩ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺸﻘﻲ: ﺍﻧـﻈﺮ ))ـﺮ ﺍﻟـﺬﻫﺐ(( :ﺟـ ۲ﺹ.۱٩
ﲰﻲ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻛﻠﻪ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ،ﻓﻘﻴﻞ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ، ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﱘ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺰﺑﺪﺓ(( ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﻥ،
ﻭﺗﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻼﻡ ﲣﻔﻴﻔﺎً. ﻛﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺻﺪ(( ،ﻭﻋـﻠﻖ
)ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻕ ﺍﳋﻄﲑﺓ ﺹ .(٣٦ ﺍﻟﺒﺠﺎﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ))ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺻﺪ(( :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﺪﺍﻥ:
–ً ٣ﻟﻌﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻣﺮّﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﲰﺔٌ
ﺍﻟـﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﺩﺭ ﺁﻫـﻨﲔ(( ﺃﻭ ))ﺩﺭ ﺑـﻨﺪﺁﻫﻨﲔ(( ،ﻭﰲ ﻣَﻮْﻫِﻨﺎً ﺟُﻦﱠ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳉِﻨﺎﻥِ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ))ﺩﻣﲑ ﻗﺎﭘﻲ(( ﺍﺳﻢ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ )ﻣَﻮْﻫِﻨﺎً :ﳓﻮ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ(.
ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ ﻋـﻠﻰ ﺍﳌـﻤﺮّﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﳋـﻮﺍﻧﻖ) :ﲨﻊ
ﺧﺎﻧﻘﺎﻩ( ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﻮﻥ ﻗـﺒﻠﻬﻢ ﻳـﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﰲ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﻕ ﻗﺪﱘ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻪ ﺇﱃ
))ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﭼﻨﺞ(( ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ))ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ((: ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ.
ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ. ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﲎ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﳍﺎﻝ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﻕ
ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺖ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﰲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﱢﺭ ﺳﻮﻕَ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﻥ.
ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﺹ :٨۱ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﳏﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺹ .٣۰٧
ﺑﺎﻟـﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺮﻗﺪُ) ...ﻭﻫﻮ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻻﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﻪ :ﺹ.٣٤
ﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺳﺪﻳﻦ ﺿﺮﻏـﺎﻣﲔ:
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﰲ ﻣﺰﺍﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﳊﺪﺍﺩﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻧﻄﺎﻛۤﺔ ﻭﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺟﻨﺎۤﻥ.
ﺣﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻘﻮّﺳﺔ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﻷﻫﺎﱄ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻋﺮﺍﺑﻴﺎً ﻣﺮّ ﻗﺮﺏ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﰲ ﺩﻣﺸﻖ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﻥ ،ﲰﻲ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﳌﺎ ﻳﻠﻴﻪ
ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻊ ﺷﺘﺎﺀ ﻭﺯﻟﻘﺖ ﻧﺎﻗﺘﻪ ﻓﻮﻗﻌﺖ ﻭﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ ﻣﻔﺼﻠﻬﺎ، ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﻫﻲ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺗﲔ.
ﻓـﺪﻋﺎ ﺭﺑّﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﺠﲑﺍً ﺑﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﳌﺮﻗﺪ ،ﻓـﺎﻧﺘﺼﺒﺖ )ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻕ ﺍﳋﻄﲑﺓ ﺹ.(٣٦
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﺳﺎﺭﺕ ،ﰒ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻓﺬﲝﺖ ﻭﻭﺟﺪﺕ
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﰲ ﻣﻔﺼﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻮﺭ. ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ :ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﰲ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ :ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﺓ، ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﻷﺎ ﺗﻌﱪ ﻣﻨﻪ. –ً ١ﺃﻥ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﻧﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲡﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ
ﻭﻋﺮﻑ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺑﺒﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﲑ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻳـﺆﻧﺲ ﺑـﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻗـﺒﻮ
))ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ(( ﺟـ ۲ﺹ :٨ﻭﻭﺟـﺪﻧﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟـﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻪ ﳒـﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﶈـﺎﺭﻳﺚ،
ﻛﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻔﻴﺎﺕ. ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻪ ﺻﻨﻊ ﺣﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ ،ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻳﺴـﺪﺍﻥ ﺣـﺎﺟﺔ
ﺍﻧـﻈﺮ ﻛـﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛـﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣـﻴﺔ ﻟﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﺔ :ﺹ.٣٤ ﻓﻼﺣﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ،ﻓﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﳊـﺪﻳﺪ ﺇﺫﻥ
ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳚﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺻﻨﻊ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ.
ﺑﺎﺏ ﺣﻼّﻕ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺇﺿﺎ ّ
ﰲ –ً ٢ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎً ﻣـﻌﻤﻮﻻً
ﺑﻠﻮﺭﻱ ﻳﻨﺼﺐ ﺷﺘﺎﺀ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻑ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟـﺼﻴﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳓﻮ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﳌـﻨﻘﻮﻝ ﺇﱃ
ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﳋﺸﱯ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻃﺎﺭﻳﻪ.
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ﺧﺮﺏ ﺍﳉﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﺴﻄﻮﺍ ﻧﻔﻮﺫﻫﻢ ﻭﻋﺰﻟﻮﻩ. ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳋﺎﺗۤﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺎﺗِﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺁﺧﺮ ﻛﻞ
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝ ﻓﻬﺪﻡ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﺭﻩ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺷﻲﺀ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪُﺑُﺮ.
ﰲ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﻧﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺣﺎﻧﻮﺕ ﺷﺮﻗﻲّ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ
ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱄ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺗﻪ
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﺮّ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ ﰲ ﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ.
ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻓﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﺹ ٥٨ﻭ:٥٩ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺮَﺝ :ﰲ ))ﺍﻷﻋـﻼﻕ ﺍﳋـﻄﲑﺓ(( ﺹ
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ﺃﻱ :ﲰﺎﻩ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺪﻣﻪ ﻭﺟﺪّﺩﻩ. ﺑﺎﺑٕﻠّﻰ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﺷـﻤﺎﻟﻴّﻬﺎ،
ﻭﻳﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ. ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﻴﻞ ،ﻭﺗﻜﺘﺐ ))ﺑﺎﺑﻼّ(( ،ﻭﺃﺧﻄﺄ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﻓﺮﲰﻮﺍ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ :ﺟـ ۲ﺹ.۲۰ ﺃﻟﻔﻬﺎ ﻳﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺎ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺃﻧﺸﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺘﺮﻱ:
ﻭﺟـﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻛـﺘﺎﺏ )):((MODERN TRAVELLER ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻌﻠﻮﺓَ ﻣُﺼﻄﺎﻑ ﻭﻣﺮﺗَﺒَﻊ
ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺲ ﺟﺮﺟﺲ ،ﻭﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﻭﺑﺎﺑﻠّﻰ ﻭﺑِﻄﻴـﺎﺱِ
ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺳﺮﺍﺝ ﻳﻨﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ...ﻭﺍﻟـﻨﺎﺱ ﻳـﻘﻔﻮﻥ ﻭﻳـﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺑﺎﺑﻠّﻰ ﺳـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻣـﻦ
ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎﺀ. ﺑَﺒْﻼٓ :ﺍﻟﻀﺠّﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎﻝ) .ﺣﻠﺐ:ﺹ .(٦٧
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ))ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ(( ﺑﺘﻔﺨﻴﻢ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﷲ،
ﻭﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻣﺰﺍﺭﺍً ﻟﻠﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺟﺮﺟﺲ، ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺑـﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﺑـﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒـﺮﻳﺔ
ﻭﻣـﺰﺍﺭﺍً ﻟﻺﺳـﻼﻡ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻣـﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﳋﻀﺮ ،ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺭﺟـﻞ ﻗـﺒﻞ ﺍﻟـﺒﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﻏﺪﺕ ﺣﻴﺎً ﻳﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﭙﺎﺹ ،ﻭﲰـّﻮﻩ
ﻳﻠﺖّ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ. ))ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ(( ..ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻫـﻢ ﺑﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻛـﺎﻧﺖ ﺇﱃ
ﻭﰲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﺹ:٩۰ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﺮﺗﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﳌﺘﱰﻫﲔ.
ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻓﻤﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﳋُﻀﺮِ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺒّﺎﺭﺓ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝ.
ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﺎﺱ ﺑﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮِ ﺑﺎﺑﻠّٓﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓـﺘﺢ ﲤﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﺎﺑﻠّٓﻖ:
ﻭﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﻟﻐﻮﺙ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻴﻞ ﺣﺠ ْﺮ ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣـﺼﺮ ،ﺃﻱ ﻣـﺜﻞ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠـﻮﻕ:
ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ ﻧﻴّﺮ ﺍﻷﺛﺮْ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﻣﺼﺮ.
ﻣﻜـﺘّﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠـﻢ ﺍﻟﻜـﻮﰲﱢ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻡ :ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﺳﻠﻢ ﺟﺰﺀ
ﺧﻂّ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﻋﻠﻲﱢ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﲰﻲ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳـﻔﻀﻲ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺇﺑـﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ
ﻗﻮﻟﻪ)) :ﺇﻟﻴﺎﺱ(( ﺧﻄﺄ ﺃﻭ ﺟﻬﻞ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﳋﻀﺮ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ((.
ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ. ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻠﻲّ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹٍﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﻪ :ﺹ .۲٧ ﻭﻋﺮﻑ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺑـ ))ﺑﺎﺏ ﻧﻔﻴﺲ(( ،ﻭﻧﻔﻴﺲ ﺭﺟﻞ
ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨۤﲑﺏ :ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﻨﺪﺛﺮﺓ، ﻛـﺎﻥ ﺃﺳﻔﺎﺳﻼﺭﺍً :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺳـﻔﻬﺴﺎﻻﺭ ﺍﻟـﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ
ﲰﻲ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﻔﻀﻲ ﺇﱃ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ ۱۰ ،ﻛﻢ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻗﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﳉﻴﺶ.
ﺷﺮﻗﻲّ ﺣﻠﺐ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﺔ :ﺹ .٣٣
ﻭﲰﻲ ﺍﳊﻲ ﺍﺎﻭﺭ ﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ، ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ :ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻻﻳﺰﺍﻝ
ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺳﻜﺎﻧﻪ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ. ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﺳﺎﳌﺎً.
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ﺍﻟـﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ))ﻋَـﺐْ(( ،ﺃﻻ ﺗﺮﻯ ))ﻋﺐﱠ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ: ﻭﻟـﻌﻞ ﺳـﺒﺐ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﺣﻴﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﻳـﺮﺟﻊ
ﺷﺮﺏ ﺃﻱ :ﺃﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ؟ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﻋَﺒّﺎٓ(( ﺍﻟـﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﳓﻮ ﻗﺮﻥ ،ﺇﺫ ﻋﺼﻰ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﺖ ﲪﻴﺪﺓ
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻞ؟ ﻭ))ﻋﺎٓﺑﺎٓ(( :ﺍﻟـﻐﺎﺑﺔ ،ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺼﻢ ﰲ ﺣﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﺩّﻋﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ.
ﻟﺘﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺃﺷﺠﺎﺭﻫﺎ؟ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﻋﺎﺑَﺎ(( ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﲎ ))ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ(( :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺔ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺏ
ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﻒ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺍﺧﻞ؟ ﻭﻛـﻠﻤﺔ ))ﻋـﺎﺑِﻲ(( ﺍﳊﺒﺸﻴﺔ ﺷـﻠﺤﺖ :ﻣـﻦ ))ﻧﺎﺭﺏ(( ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻣـﻨﺒﺴﻂ ﻣـﻦ
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻞ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟـﻀﺨﻢ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺍﳌـﺘﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ) .ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺹ(٥٩
ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻼﺕ؟ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﻏـﺎﺏ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺑَﻌُﺪ ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ
ﳏﺘﺠﺒﺎً ﺃﻱ :ﺩﺍﺧﻼً؟. ))ﻧﺎﺭْﺑۤﻨﺎٓ(( :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺩﻱ.
ﻭﺃﻗﺤﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ. )ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.(۱٩٤
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﳒـﺪ ﺃﺛﺮ ﺍﳌـﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟـﺜـﻼﺛـﻴـﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃ .ﺱ .ﻣﺮﻣﺮﺟﻲ ﻓﻜﺘﺐ ﻣﻔﺼ ً
ﻼ
))ﻏَـﺮَﺏ(( ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻐَﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮﻭﺏ. ﻧﲑﺏ – ﻭﻣﺆﺩﻯ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﻪ ﺃﺎ ﺳﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ:–
ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ))ﻧﲑﺏ(( ﰲ ﺍﻷﻛﺪﻳﺔERẾBU : ﺍﳌَﺪﺧِﻞ.
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺩﺧﻞ ﻭﺟﺎﺯ. ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻠﻚ ﻧِﲑﻳﺒﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺻﺪﺭ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﻘﻠﺐ ﳘﺰﺓ ﻛﻤﺎ ﳒﺪﻩ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺭﻗﻴﻢ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻷَﺷّﻮﺭ
ﰲ ﺍﻷﻛﺪﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻌﺰﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﳏﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳌـﻨﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻟـﻐﺔ ﻧَـﺼﲑ ﺃﭘّـﺎٔﻝ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ))ﻧِـﲑﺑُﻲ(( ﺃﻭ ))ﻧِـﲑﰊ(( ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺼُﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴُﻮﺭﺕ) :ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ(. ))ﻧِﲑﻳﺒﻮ((.
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺟﺔ ﻟﻨﲑﺏ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﺟﺮﻳﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳌﺆﺭﺥ ﺇﺳﻄﻴﻔﺎﻧﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺯﻧﻄﻲ ﻓﻘﺪ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﻔﻬﺎ ﺍﳌـﺴﺘﺸﺮﻕ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﱐ ))ﺑﺎﺭﺕ(( ﺩﻋﺎﻫﺎ ))ﻧِﺮﻳﺒﻮﺱ(( ﻧﻘﻼً ﻋﻦ ﻧﻘﻮﻻ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺸﻘﻲ.
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺟﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟـﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺫﻛﺮ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺪﺭّ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺨﺐ(( ﰲ
ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻬﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﳌﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﭙﺎﺀ ﺗـﻘﻠﺐ ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻻﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ :ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ :ﻭﻫـﻮ
ﻧﻮﻧﺎً. ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﲰﻲ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺗـﺨﺮﺝ
)ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﺏ ﺃ .ﺱ ﻣﺮﳎﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻣﻴﻨﻴﻜﻲ :ﺹ– ۱۰٤ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻟﻠﺬﻫﺎﺏ ﺇﱃ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺔ.
.(۱۰٧ ﰒ ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻧﲑﺏ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ)) :ﻧﲑﺏ((
ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﻗـﺒﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﻛّﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺻﺢ – ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻞ
ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ. ﻭﺍﺎﺯ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﲟﱰﻟﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﱢﺟﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻦ
ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﱘ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺰﺑﺪﺓ((. ))ﻳَﺮَﺏ((.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ. ﻭﺳﺒﺐ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺃﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﳌﺆﺩﻳﺔ ﺇﱃ
ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮﻳﻦ ،ﺃﻭ ﺃﺎ ﻣـﺪﺧﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﺑﺎٔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎٔﺑﺎٔ :ﺍﻷَﺏ. ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻳﺴﺘﺪﻝّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻝ(( ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎٔﺑﺎٔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎٓﺑﺎٓ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟـﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧـﻴﺔ: ﻭﺃﺻـﻠﻬﺎ )ﻳـﺮﻳﺪ :ﺃﺻﻞ ))ﻳَﺮَﺏ((( ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ
ﺑَﺎﺑَﺎ.
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ﻳﻨﺘﺨﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ،ﻭﻣﻘﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﭭﺎﺗﻴﻜﺎﻥ. ﻭﰲ ﻛـﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠـﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ :PAPA
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺑﺎﻭﺍﺕ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ: ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰﻳﺔ ﻭﻣﻦ
ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻱّ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻮﻳّﺔ. ﳚﺎﺭﻳﻪ ﺃﺑﺎﻩ :ﭘٔﺎﭘﺎٔ.
–ً ١ﺃﻧﻪ ﻗﻴﻞ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﺿﻄﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻌﺔ ،ﺑﻘﻲ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻭﻳﻬﺰﺝ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﺪﻳﺮﻳﻦ
ﻣﻨﻪ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺸﺮﺓ ))ﺃﻡ ﻋﻠﻲ(( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ– ،ﻭﺑـﻘﻲ ﻛﺎﳊـﻠﻘﺔ ﳑﺴﻜﲔ ﺑﺄَﻳﺪﻱ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ :ﺣـﻠﻘﻼﻗﺔ
ﻣـﻨﻪ ﻗـﻮﳍﻢ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺧﺸﺒﺘﻮ ﳏﺮﻭﻗﺔ ،ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻣـﺘّﻬﻢ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻧۤﺔ ،ﺑﺎٔﺑﺎٔ ﺟﺎﺏ ﱄ ﻟﻴﻤﻮﻧﺔ ،ﺣﻄّﻴﺘﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟـﻄﺎﻗﺔ،
ﰲ ﲰﻌﺘﻪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﻘﻲ ﻣﻨﻪ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[...: ﺃﺟۤﺖ ﻋﻤﱵ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﻗﺔ ،ﺳﺮﻗﺘﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺣﺖ ،ﺧﻄﻔﺘﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺓ ﺟﺎﺑۤﺖ ﺻﱯ ﲰّﺘﻮ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ.. ﻭﻃﺎﺭﺕ ،ﺭﻛﺪﻧﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ ،ﻃﻤﺴﻨﺎ...
٢١
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻵﻏﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﱐ ﺑﺎﺑۤﺔ :ﻣـﻦ ﻣـﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﳋـﻠﻴﻼﰐ
ﻧﺰﻟۤﺖ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺟﺘﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻟﺮﻑّ. )ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻻﰐ( :ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﲤﺜﻴﻠﻴﺎﺗﻪ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻬﺰﺟﻮﻥ ﻣﺘﻬﻜﻤﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺏ ﳘﺎﻳﻮﻥ:
ﺃﻗﺮﻉ :ﺃﻗﺮٔﻉ ﺃﻗﺮٔﻉ ﺣﻨﺘﻴﺘۤﻪ ،ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺯﻳۤﺖ ﻭﻛﱪﻳﺘۤﻪ، ﺍﻧﻈﺮ:ﳘﺎﻳﻮﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ.
ﻛﱪﻳﺘﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﻔﻌﻮ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺟﱵ ﺗﺮﻗٔﻌﻮ. ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺗَﻨّۤﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻗـﻆ ﺍﻟـﻘﺮﺩ
ﻭﺑﺎﺑﻮﺗـﻨّۤـﻪ –ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﻆ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺩ– ،ﺃﻣـﺎ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺗَـﻨّۤـﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓـﻼﻧﺔ ﺑﻨﺺ ﺑـﺎﺑﻮﺝ ﻓﻤﺴﺒﺔ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ.
)ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛـﻴﺔ :ﻳﺎﺭﱘ ﭘﺎﭘﻮﺝ :ﻳـﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺝ :ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺟﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉـﻤﻊ:
ﺃﺎ ﻻﺗﺴﺘﻘﺮّ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ( ،ﻟﺒﺴۤﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻮﺝ ﺑﺄﺟﺮۤﻳﻬﺎ ﺑـﻮﺍﺑﻴﺞ ﻭﺑـﺎﺑﻮﺟﺎﺕ :ﺍﳊﺬﺍﺀ ﺍﳋﻔﻴﻒ ﳚـﺮّ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺝ ،ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﺗﺎﻛﻞ ﺣﻼﻭﺓ ﺍﳌﻨﻔﻮﺵ ﺭﻭ ﺭﻗّۤﻊ ﺍﻟـﺒﻴﺖ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺑﺮ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺟﻚ ﺍﳌﺒﺨﻮﺵ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘﺎﭘﻮﺝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﭘٔـﺎ(( :ﺍﻟﺮِﺟـﻞ،
ﺍﻟﻘَﺪَﻡ ،ﻭ))ﭘـﻮﺵ(( ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ ))ﭘـﻮﺷﻴـﺪَﻥ((:
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﺗﻨﻘﺼﻚ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺟﺘﻚ ﺍﻟﻠـﺒﺲ ،ﺍﻻﻛﺘﺴﺎﺀ ،ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻤﻌﲎ ﭘﺎﭘﻮﺵ :ﻟـﺒﺲ
ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺘﺒﺔ )ﺃﻱ ﳝﻮﺕ(. ﺍﻟﻘَﺪَﻡ .ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ.
ﰲ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ(( :ﻳـﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﻥ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺣﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺿﺔ ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ:
ﻧـﻌّﻮﻡ ﲞـﺎﺵ ﺟــ ٣ﺹ ۱۰٥ﺳـﻨﺔ :۱٨٤٦ﺃﻛـﻞ ﺷﺤّﺎﻃﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻮﺝ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺫﻭﻭ ﺗﺮﻑ.
ﻗﺘﻠۤﺔ ﺳﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﻭﺑﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻮﺝ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻭﻳﻠﻬﻢ[ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻤﻴﺔ :ﺣﺒﻴﺖ ﳏﺒﻮﺏ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑٓﻮﺑَـﺠٓﻮ،
ﺗﻘﻞ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺟﺘﻮ ﺗْﻠَﺖْ ﭐﺭﻃﺎﻝ. ﻭﻋﺠﻴﺐ ﺃﻢ ﱂ ﻳﺒﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺃﻟﺒﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻏﻨﺎﺋﻬﻢ[ ﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ: ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻣﺎﻱ ،ﻭﺍﳉﺰﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺒﻘﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻟـﻘﻨﺪﺭﺓ ﻭ...
ﻳﺎﻣٓﻮ ﻋﺎﳌﺰﻓﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﻻﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻇﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺑﺮ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ،
)ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﳌﺰﻓﺖ ﻳﺘﱰﻫﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ( ﻭﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳍﻢ ﻧﻔﻮﺫ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ﺣﱴ
ﺇﻻ ﻭ ﺑـﻴﺘﻠـﻔﺖ ﻣﺎﰲ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺎﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ ﺑﻨﻌﺎﳍﻢ.
ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺟۤﻚ ﳐـﻔّﺖ ﳌـﺎ ﻛـﻨﱵ ﻣﺘـﻠﻨﺎ ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ:
ﺗﻠﺒﺴﻲ ﺍﳌﺎﻧﻄﻮ ﻓﻠﻴﺔ ﺻﺮﰐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﻧـﺎ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺷۤﺔ.
ﺍﻧـﻈﺮ ﳎـﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠـﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ۱ﺟـ ٥ﺹ .۲۲٥ – ۲۲۱
ﺑﺎﺑﻮ ﺣﺴﻦ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎﺑﺎ ﺣﺴﻦ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺟﻬﻨﻢ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻟـﺒﻮﺍﺑﻴﺞ،
ﺑﺎﺑﻮ ﺩَﻧﻴﺎ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺼّﻮﻣﻨﻴﺎ: ﺑﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺟﺘﻮ.
ﺍﻟـﻌﺼّﻮﻣﻨﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻮﺩَﻧﻴﺎ –ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﻣﻨﻴﺎ– ﺃﻣـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎۤﺱ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺟﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻌَﺪ
ﻓﺘﺤﺮﻳﻒ ))ﺑﺎﺑُﻮﺭﺗَـﻦْ(( :ﺍﻟـﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ ))ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺑﻮﺩﻧﻴﺎ((
ﺗٕﺴﻌﺪ.
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺰ.
٢٢
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣٕﻦ ﺑﺎﺗۤﺖ ﻣﺎﺗۤﺖ ،ﺭﻏﻴﻒ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺭ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺒﻮﺭ
ﺑﺮﻏﻴﻒ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺒﺎﺕ ﺟﺎﺭﻙ ﺟﻮﻋﺎﻥ ،ﺑَﻠﺤٔﺲ ﻣﺴﻨّﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻮﻧَﺞ :ﺯﻫﺮ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﻣﻜﻠﻞ ﺑﺄﺑﻴﺾ ،ﻃﻴﺐ
ﻭﺑﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻬﻨّﻲ )ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻠﺤﺲ ﺯﻳﺖ ﻣﺴﲏ ﻏـﺬﺍﺀ، ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ ،ﻳﻐﻠﻰ ﻭﻳﺸﺮﺏ ﻣﺎﺅﻩ ﳏﻠّﻰ ﻟﻠﱰﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭﻳﺔ،
ﻭﺳﺎﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧَﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧَﻚ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻋـﻴﻮﻥ
ﻭﻟـﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﻓﻠـﺴﻄﲔ( .ﳘـّﻲ ﻭﻫـﻢّ ﺍﳉـﻴـﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ.
ﻣﺎ ﺑٕﺖّ ﻟﻴۤﻠۤﺔ ﻓﺮﺣﺎﻥ. ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﻗﺤﻮﺍﻥ.
ﻭﰲ ))ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ(( :ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﳒﻚ )ﺃﻱ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻔﻮﺗﻮ ﺍﻟﻔﺎۤﻳْـﺘۤﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ( ﻗﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻏﺎﰐ.
ﺍﻷَﻛﻠۤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎۤﻳﺘۤﺔ. ﻭﰲ ﺫﻳﻠﻪ :ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﺞ ،ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﺐ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﻳٕﺸﻔَﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺾ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً :ﻣﺆﻧﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻔﺴﺞ ،ﻷﻧﻪ
ﻻﺯﻡ ﻳـﺒﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺟـﻮﺍﺗﻮ ﻗﱪ ﻭﱄّ ،ﺍﺳﺘـﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﻳﻨﺒﺖ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﻪ :ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺲ.
ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺰﻧﻄﻴﲔ. ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺑﻞ ﻣﻌﺮّﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﲏ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺃﺻﺢ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻴﺖ. ﻭﺍﲰـﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟـﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺒُﻮﻧﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺕّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺻـﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻊ ﺑﺎﺕّ، ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺒﻮﻧَﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻧﻌﻄﻰ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺑﺎﺕّ .ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺖّ. ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺒﻨُﻮﺝ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ۲۰ﺹ.٥٦
ﺑﺎﺗَﺒٓﻮ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ، ﺍﻟﺒﺎﰊ :ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﰲ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴۤﺖ ﺃَﺑـﺎٓ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﺏ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٨٣٩ﻫ.
ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ .ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.۱٨٣ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﰊ :ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ،
ﺑﺎﺗٕﻨْﺘۤﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ،ﻣﻦ ﻧﺸﺄ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻨْﺘـﺎٓ :ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﻭﺓ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣـﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ.
ﰲ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ .ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.۱٨٣ ﺑﺎﺕ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﺒﻴﺖ :ﺃﻗـﺎﻡ
ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ :ﺑﺎﺗﻨﺘﺎ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟـﻴﻼً ،ﻭﺑﻪ ﻭﻋـﻨﺪﻩ :ﻧﺰﻝ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ،ﺃﻭ ﺃﺩﺭﻛـﻪ
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃَﺗْﻨﺎٓ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ.
)ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ.(٧٩ ﺍﻟﻠـﻴﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ،ﻭﺑﺎﺕ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻛـﺬﺍ :ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﻟـﻴﻼً ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺗﻨﺞ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺩﻧﺞ. ﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺗﻨﺠﺎﻥ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻥ. ﻭﻫﻢ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﻪ :ﺑﺒﺎﺕ ،ﻻﻳﺒﻴﺖ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺗﻮٓﻥ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻴﺘﻮﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺧﺒﺰ ﺑﺎۤﻳۤﺖ ،ﺃﻛﻞ ﺑﺎۤﻳۤﺖ،
ﺑﺎﺗﻴﺘۤﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻣﻦ ﻃﺒﺨﺔ ﺑﺎۤﻳﺘۤﺔ.
٢٣
ﺑٔﺎﭼَﺎﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺑٔﺎﭼﺎﻳۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘٔـﭽَﻪ:
ﻧـﻘﺎﺏ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﺭﻗﻴﻖ ﺗﻀﻌﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟـﻬﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺗﺎﺗﺎٓ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻨﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ
ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄـﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،FACCIAIA :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻓـﺎﭼﺎﻳﺎ:
ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .۱٨٣
ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﳊﺮﰊ.
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ) :ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺹ .(٧۲
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﺭﺍۤﳛﺔ ﻋﺎﳊﺪﻳﻘﻪ
ﺑﺎٔﺗﻴﻨﺎٔﮊ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:PATINAGE :
ﺧﻠّﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﭼﺎﻳﺔ ﺭْﻗﻴﻘﻪ.
ﺯﺣﻠﻘﺔ ﺩﻭﺍﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻴّﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺑﺎﺡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺑﺎﺡ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮ ﻳﺒﻮﺡ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮﻩ،
ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺑﺎٔﻃﻴﻨﺎﮊ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻃﻴﻨﺎﺝ ،ﻭﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﻪ :ﻋَﻢْ ﺑﺒﻴﺢ ﺃﻭ ﻋـﻢ
ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ :ﺑﻄﻨﺠۤﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻴّﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺑﺒﻮﺡ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﺝ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ:
ﺑﺎﺡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﺎﺡ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻪ ﻟﻪ.
ﺑٔﺎﺝ ﺃﻭ ﺑٔﺎﮊ :ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻳﺒﺔ ،ﺍﻹﺗﺎﻭﺓ ،ﺍﳌﻜﺲ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﺒﻴﺢ ﺍﶈﻈﻮﺭﺍﺕ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺎﱄ ﻳﺆﺧﺬ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﲪﻮﻟﺘﻬﺎ.
)ﻧﺺ ﻓﻘﻬﻲ ﻳﻮﺭﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﺑﻠﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ(.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺄﺝ :ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻳﺒﺔ.
ﺑﺎﺣٔﺚ :ﻋـﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺣﺜﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﲝـﺚ
ﻭﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ :ﺑﻮّﺝ ﺑﻐﻠٓﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻣﻌﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺃﺩّﻯ ﻣﻜﺲ ﺑﻴﻌﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﺔ ،ﻋَﺮْﺻـﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ،
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﻧﻴّﻢ
ﺑﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ :ﻭﺳﻄﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺟﻴّۤﺔ.
ﺑٔﺎﺥ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻐﻠﺘﻚ ﺑﺎﳜﺔ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﰲ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ ،PAJ :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﺃﺑـﻴﺦ ﻣﻨّﺎ .ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ :ﺳـﻜﻨﺖ
ﺍﻟـﻀﺮﻳﺒﺔ ،ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣـﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ PAJANEL :ﲟـﻌﲎ:
ﻭﻓﺘﺮﺕ ﻭﲬﺪﺕ ،ﻭﺑﺎﺥ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ :ﻓﺴﺪ ﻭﺗـﻐﻴّﺮ،
ﻭﺯﱠﻉ ﻭﻗﺴﱠﻢ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﺃﻋﻴﺎ .ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺳﺎﺀ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛـﻤﻮﺵ ﺍﳊﻤﻞ ﻭﺧٓﻮﺩ
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﺢ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(:
ﺑٔﺎﺟﻮ.
ﺟﻒّ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺖ ﻭﺫﺑﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ :ﺧﻠﻖ ﻭﺑﻠﻰ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺧْﺮٔﺓ) :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ( ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺟﻮﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋـﻠﻰ ﻓﺎﻋﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﺒَﺠْﻖ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺧِﺮﺓ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒُﺨﺎﺭ ﻟﻠﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ،ﺗﺴﻴـﺮ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻔﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻪ.
ﺑﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺳٕـﺪّ )ﺃﻭ ﺳـﻜّﺮ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﻮﺍﺧِﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ ،ﻭﺑﺎﺧِﺮﺍﺕ، ﺍﻗﻔﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺟﻨﮕۤﻞ( ﺑﺎﺟﻮﻗٔﻚ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜّﻨﻮﻥ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﺟۤﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﺟۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﺟۤﻲ ،ﻋﻦ
ﺑﺎﺩَﻯ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻟﻴۤﺶ ﺍﻟﮕﺪﺏ؟ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺧﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ.
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ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐـﺰﻱ ﰲ )ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ ﺟـ ۱ﺹ:(٣۲ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻩ ﺑﺎﳌﻠﻴﺢ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﺎﺟﻠﻪ،
ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺫﻫﻨﺠﺎﺕ) :ﻣـﻼﻗﻒ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ( :ﺣـﺪﺛﺖ ﰲ ﻭﺑﺎﺩﺭ ﻓﻼﻧﺎً ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺳﺒﻘﻪ.
ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ،ﺣﱴ ﺇﻧﻪ ﻻ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺇﻻ ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺩﻫﻪ :ﻓﺎﺟﺄﻩ.
ﺑﺎﺫﻫﻨﺞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً.
ﻭﻳـﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﺍﻟـﻔﺮﺱ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً)) :ﺑـﺎﺩَﺧُﻮﻥ((، ﺑَﺎﺩْﺭٔﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩﺭﺓ :ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﺪﺭ ﰲ
ﻣﻦ ))ﺑـﺎﺩ(( ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻣﺖ ﻫﻨﺎ ،ﻭ))ﺧـﻮﻥ(( :ﺍﳌـﱰﻝ. ﺣـﺪﺓ ﺍﻟـﻐﻀﺐ ﻗـﻮﻻً ﺃﻭ ﻓﻌﻼً ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﺸﺮّ :ﺃﻭﻝ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ))ﺑﺎﺩﮔﲑ(( ،ﻭ))ﮔﲑ(( ﻣﻦ ))ﮔِﺮِﻓْﺘَﻦ((: ﻣﺎ ﻳـﺒﺪﺭﻙ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ
ﺍﻷﺧﺬ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺾ ،ﺍﳋﻄﻒ ،ﺍﳊﺒﺲ. ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻤﻞ :ﻋﻤﻞ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻃﻴﺒﺔ :ﺗﱪﻉ
ﳉﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺧﲑﻳﺔ.
ﺑﺎﺩٕﳒﺎﻥ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻥ. ﳝـﻴﻠﻮﻥ، ﻭﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﳉـﻤﻊ :ﺑﻮﺍﺩِﺭ،
ﺑﺎﺩٕﻧْﺠٓﻚ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣـﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ ﺍﻟـﻘﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺑﺎﺩِﺭﺍﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜّﻨﻮﻥ.
ﺑـﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ ،ﻭﻓـﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﺎﺵ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﱘ .ﻭﲦـﺔ
ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻧﻄﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺠﺮ ﻳﺰﻋﻤﻮﻥ ﺃﺎ ﺑﺎﺩَﻝ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺩﻟﻪ :ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺧﺬ
ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﻪ. ﻣﻨﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺎﺩﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺧﻄﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﺭﻳﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺏ.
ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﻌﺪّ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭ ﺍﳌﺨﻠّﻔﺎﺕ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺌﺔ[ ﺃﻢ ﻳﻌﺪّﻭﻥ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ
ﻭﰲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ: ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻣُﺰﺍﺣﺎً ﻭﻧﻜﺘﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﺴﻨﺔ.
–ً ١ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑَﺎﺩِﻯ(( :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩﻧﺞ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ–
ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ))ﺟﻚ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻐﲑ ،ﻓـﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺑَﺎﺩٕﻧْﺞ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺗٕﻨْﺞ :ﻣَﻠﻘﻒ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﲰـﺎﻩ
ﺍﻟﺆﺩﱠﻯ :ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻴﻒ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺭﺍﻭﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﻢ :ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺴﺮﺏ ﻟﻠﻬﻮﺍﺀ ﻣﻮﺟّﻪ
–ً ٢ﺃﺎ ﳏﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ))ﻣﻴﺪﺍﳒﻚ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ،ﻳُﺤﺪﺙ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﺎً ﺇﱃ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ
ﲟـﻌﲎ :ﺍﳌﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ،ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﳌـﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺻـﻐﲑ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ ﻟﺘﻠﻄﻴﻒ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻒ.
ﰲ ﺣﻀﺮﺓ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ. ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﺩﻫٔﻨْﺞ)) :ﺑٔﺎﺩ((:
)ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ :ﺟـ ۲ﺹ.(٣٥٦ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ،ﻭ)ٔ)ﻫﻨْﺞ(( :ﺭَﻣَﻰ ،ﻗﺬﻑ.
–ً ٣ﺃﺎ ﳏﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺎﺩﳎﻚ(( ﺍﻟـﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ ))ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ(( ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﺑﺎﺩَﻫﻨﺞ
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ. ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺩَﻧﺞ:
ﺍﻧـﻈﺮ ﻛـﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛـﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟـﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﺔ ﺹ :۱٩۰ﺟـﺎﻣﻊ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭﻱ:
ﺑﺎﺩﳒﻚ. ﻭﻧﻔﺤﺔِ ﺑﺎﺩَﻫﻨﺞٍ ﺃﺳﻜﺮﺗﻨﺎ
ﺑﺎﺩَﻩ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺩﻫﻪ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ :ﻓﺎﺟﺄﻩ. ﻭﺟﺪﺕ ﻟﺮَﻭﺣﻬﺎ ﺑَﺮْﺩَ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻴﻢِ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩِﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩﺉ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺳﻬﻠﺖ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ: ﺻﻔﺎ ﺟَﺮْﻱُ ﺍﳍﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺭﻓﻴﻘﺎً
ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺪﺃ. ﻓﺴﻤﻴﻨﺎﻩ ﺭﺍﻭﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﻢِ
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ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﻟﻌِﻄﺎﻑ
ﻭﺍﳌِﻌﻄﻒ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻭﺣﺪۤﺓ ﺑﻮﺣﺪۤﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩﻱ
ﺃﻇﻠﻢ.
ﺑﺎﺭْﺟۤﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺍﳊﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ ﺑٔﺎﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺭ ﻳﺒﻮﺭ :ﻫـﻠﻚ،
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺢ ،ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ،ﺗـﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻌﺔُ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕُ :ﻛﺴﺪﺕ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞُ :ﺑﻄﻞ،
ﻗﻠﻌﺔ ﻋﺎﺋﻤﺔ. ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽُ :ﱂ ﺗﺰﺭﻉ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻳّﻢُ :ﱂ ﺗُﺨﻄَﺐ.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ))ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭِﺟﺔ(( :ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺗﻠﺘﻴۤﻨﻮ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﻝ،
ﺷﺪﻳﺎﻕ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﺎ ،ﻭﺍﳉـﻤﻊ :ﺑـﻮﺍﺭِﺝ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺍﳉَـﻤَﻞ ﺷْﻘٔﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﺭ ﲝﻤۤﻞ ﻗﻨﻄﺎﺭ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺑﺎﻟـﻄﺮﻕ
ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ. ﻭﻟﻮ ﺩﺍﺭﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺑﺎﺭﺕ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻌﻮﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎﻭﻱ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻮﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻨﱵ! ﺑﻮﺭﻱ
ﻭﺍﻟـﺒﲑﻭﱐ ﰲ ))ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﳍـﻨﺪ(( ،ﻭﺍﻟـﺒﻼﺫﺭﻱ ﻓـﻲ ﻟـﻴﺨﺮﺏ ﺍﻟـﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻮﺭﻱ )ﺃﻱ :ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳـﻄﻠﻖ
))ﻓﺘﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ(( ،ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺪﺳﻲ ﰲ ))ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ((. ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻭ ﲤﻮﺕ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻳﺔ :ﺑﲑﺟﺔ، ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BARﳐﺰﻥ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﺑﺎﺕ
ﻭﻫﻨﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺑﲑﺍ. ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺣﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ: ﺍﻟﺒَﺎﺭّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭّ :ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﺍﻟﺒِﺮّ.
.BARCA ﺑﺎﺭٔﻯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻩ :ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ.BARQUE : ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺭﺍﺓ ،ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﻳﺎﺕ.
ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻤﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ: ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺍ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺓ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣـﻠﺐ[
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﻗﲑ ﻭﺍﳋﻼﻳﺎ :ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﺑﺎﳉﻤﻊ ﲟﻌﲎ ﳎـﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻷﺛـﺮﻳﺔ ،ﺯﺭﻧـﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ،ﻭﺯﺭﻧـﺎﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺍﻵﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ،ﻭﺷﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﲔ ﺁﺛﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﻭﺑـﻘﺎﻳﺎﻫﺎ
ﺑَﺎﺭٔﺡ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺎﺭﺡ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ. ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻹﺩﻟﺐ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﻳﺎﻗﻮﺕ.
ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﺇﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ))ﺑﻮﻣﺒﻴﲏ((
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺎﺭﺡ
ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﺣﺘﻪ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺔ ،ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﺻـﻮﺍﺑﻪ: ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ.
ﺑَﺮِﺡ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﺯﺍﻝ ﻋﻨﻪ ،ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺍﺡ. ﻭﺍﲰـﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮﺍٓ :ﺍﻟـﻘﻔﺮ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ – ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎۤﺭْﺣﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭِﺣﺔ :ﺍﻟﻠـﻴﻠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ .٨۰
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑَﺮِﺣﺖ ﻭﺯﺍﻟﺖ. ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻟﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴۤﺮﻳۤﻠﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PELERINE
ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻣﺒﺎۤﺭﺣﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻃﻴﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻳـﻠﺒﺴﻪ ﺣﺠّﺎﺝ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﭘﺎ ،ﻣـﺪﻟـﻮﻝ
ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺭۤﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎۤﺭۤﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺭِﺩُ: ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﳊﺞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟـﻌﻠﻮﻱ
ﺿﺪّ ﺍﳊﺎﺭّ. ﻣـﻦ ﻣﻠﺤﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ.
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ﻣْﺒﺎٔﺭﻙ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺰﺍﺟﻪ ﻛﺮﻳﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﲡﻴّﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻳّۤﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺀ.
ﻷٕﻣّﻚ :ﻣﺒﺎﺭٔﻙ ﻣﺎ ﺃٕﺟﺎﻛﻲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛـﻼﻣﻮ ﺑﺎۤﺭﺩ ،ﻗـﻠﺒﻮ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌـﺘﻨﺪﺭ :ﺑـﻘﺮﻙ ﺑﺎۤﺭﺩ ،ﺑﺎﺳﻮٓﺑﻮﺳۤﺔ ﺑﺎۤﺭﺩۤﺓ ،ﻋٕﻤۤﻞ ﻧﻜﺘۤﺔ ﺑﺎۤﺭﺩۤﺓ.
ﺍﷲ )ﻭﳜﻄﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻑ ،ﻓﻴﺒﺪﻭ :ﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﷲ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺧﺪ ﻫﺎﳌﻜﺴﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﷲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﺩ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺮﻳﺢ ،ﻏﻨﻴﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻤﺪﺣﻮﱐ ﻓﻴﻪ )ﺃﻱ :ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳌﻮﺕ(. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭْﺩۤﺳﱡﻮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:PARDESSUS :
ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺷﺘﺎﺀ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﳜﻠﻊ
ﺑﺎٔﺭﻟٔﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺑٔﺮْﻟٔﻤٔﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:PARLEMENT : ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻛﻦ.
ﳎﻠﺲ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ،ﳎﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﻮّﺍﺏ ،ﺍﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺎﰊ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟـﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑَـﺮْﺩَﺳُﻮ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﻳﺼﺢّ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﳌﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺑَﺮْﺩَﺳﻮﻥ.
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺑﻠﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻷﺎ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻏﺮﻳﺐ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ :ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻒ.
ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ. ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﻏﲑﻩ :ﺍﳌِﻌﻄﻒ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﺭٔﺓ :ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺛﺮﻳّﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻹﺩﻟﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺍ. ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻋﻄﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺪِﺛﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ. ﺑَـﺎﺭٔﺯ :ﻋـﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﻗِـﺮْﻧَﻪ :ﺑﺮﺯ ﺇﻟـﻴﻪ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﺭٔﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘٔﺎﺭٔﻩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ: ﰲ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ.
ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭۤﻉ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻉ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﺎﺭﺍﺕ. ﺑﺎﺭٔﻙ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ
ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﺭﺑﻊ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻭﺿﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺒـﺮﻛﺔ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻧﺎً ﻭﻟﻪ ﻭﻋـﻠﻴﻪ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ. ﻭﻓـﻴﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺫﺍ ﺑﺮﻛﺔ.
ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺟﺰﺀﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻣﺒﺎﺭﻙ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﺮَﺥ :ﺑﺎﺭَﻙَ ،ﻭﺑَـﺮﻭﺥ:
ﺍﳌُﺒﺎﺭَﻙ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺟﺔ ﻭﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻘﺎﻥ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ :ﭘﺎﺭﺓ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟـﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮَﺥ :ﺑﺎﺭَﻙَ ،ﻭﻣـﺜﻠﻬﺎ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ :ﺑﻴۤﺮُﻭﻃﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﭙﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﺎ ﺗﻀﺮﺏ ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﮔﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﻳﱪﻙ :ﻳﺒﺎﺭﻙ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻌﺪﻝ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﺃﻗﭽﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻫـﺬﻩ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻔﻘﲑ ﻣْﻨَﻠﱠﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻧﮕﲔ
ﲰﻴﺖ ))ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﺔ(( ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
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ﰒ ﺿﺮﺑﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ۱٩ﻣﺮﺍﻋﻰ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BAROUT : ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻏﺪﺍ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻳﻌﺪﻝ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ :ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺕ. ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ.
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﺋﻌﻪ ﻭﺻﺎﻧﻌﻪ :ﺑﺎﺭﻭﲡﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺩﻱ، ﻭﳌﺎ ﻇﻬﺮ ))ﺍﻴﺪﻱ(( ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ
ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ. ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ ،ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ))ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳّﺔ(( .ﻭﳓﻦ
ﻭﰲ ))ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ(( :ﻫﻮ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻣﻮﻟّﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻟﻨﺎﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺯﺍﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﰲ ﻳﻮﻏﻮﺳﻼﻓﻴﺔ،
ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﺍﺩﺓ ﻟﺸﺒﻬﻪ ﺎ. ﻭﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺍﳌﺼﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﮕﻞ ﺗﻌﺪﻝ
ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻛّﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﻮﻥ ﻟﻸﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﲬﺴﲔ ﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻳﺔ. ﻭﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺳﻨﺔ .۱٥٨٣
ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻋﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺢ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺭﺓ. ﺍﻧـﻈﺮ ﳎـﻠﺔ ﺍـﻤﻊ ﺍﻟـﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﺱ ۱ﺹ:۲٥٦
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺢ ﺑﺜﻤﺎﻧﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ. ﻭﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓٔﺎﭺ ﭘٔﺎﺭٔﻩ )ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘـﺮﻛﻴﺔ:
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻓﺎﻷﺭﺟﺢ ﺃﻢ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﺓ؟ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺇﻧﻪ ﺗﺎﻓﻪ ﺣﻘﲑ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﺷﻴﺌﺎًَ(،
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﺓ ﺑﺜﻤﺎﻧﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ،ﻟـﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﻪ ﻋـﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺳﻜﻮﺕ ﭘﺎﺭﻩ ﺳﻲ )ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻋﺸﺮ. ﺭﺷﺎﻩ ﻟﻴﺴﻜﺖ(.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ :ﺱ ٦ﺹ.٦۰ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﺘﲑ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﺟﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﳊـﻠﺐ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ،ﺑﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻛﺮﻓﺲ ﻭﻻ ﻫﻴﻨﺘۤﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻔﺲ.
ﺿﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﻟﻮ ﭐﻃﻮﺍﺏ: ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺕ :ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻛﻴﻤﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ
-ﻟﻴﺶ؟ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ– ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ ﻭﺍﻟـﻜﻮﻛﺮﺩ،
-ﻋﻨّّﺎ ﺇﺩَﻋْﺶ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ! ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻓﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﳍﺎ
ﺃﻭّﻻً :ﻣﺎﰲ ﻋﻨّﺎ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺩ ،ﺗﺎ.. ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺒﺴﻮﻟﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻒ.
-ﻛﺎﰲ ﻛﺎﰲ. ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ :ﻧﺘﺮﺗﲔ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﺸﻴﻠﻲ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ ،ﺃﻭ
ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻱ ،ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺩ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﺩﺧﻨﺎً ،ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻉ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ. ))ﻧٓﻮﺑۤﻞ(( ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻦ ،ﻓﺎﺷﺘﺮﺕ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﻞ
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﻳﺒﻼﻩ ﺑﺘـْﻼﺗۤﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ،ﻭﺃﺛﺮﻯ ﻓﻮﻗﻒ ﺛﺮﻭﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻮﺍﺋﺰ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺳﻮﺍ :ﻧﺎﺭ ﻭﺑﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﻭﻫﻮﺍ. ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺩﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺇﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﰲ ))ﻭﺛـﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ(( :ﺃﻣْـﺮ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺑٔﺎﺭﻭﺕ،
ﲟﻨﻊ ﺣﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘّﺎﺵ ﺑﺎﻷﻋﺮﺍﺱ. ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ.PIRITIS :
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﺮﺱ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ
.BARUT
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻣﻬﻢ[ ﺍﳌﻐﻠّﻈﺔ :ﻭﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭِﻱ ﺍﳌﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻌﺮﺵ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻯ ﻓـﺎﻟﻖ ﺍﳊـﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩﺓ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻯ. ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺡ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﺑﻨﺪﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳋﺮﺩﻕ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺼﻞ
ﺑﺎﺭﻳﺸﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ، ﻃﻮﻳـﻞ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ ،ﲰـﻴﺖ
ﻭﺃﺧـﺮﻯ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟـﺐ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺭﻳـﺸﺎ: ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺃﻫﻢّ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻼﺯﻣﻬﺎ.
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ: ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ))ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻨﮕﺔ(( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.۱٨٣ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ :ﺍﳌﻮﺕ ﺑﺒﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩﺓ.
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺷﺪﻳﺎﻢ[:
)ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺹ.(٧٩ ﻭﳓﻨۤﻪ ﻋﺴﻜﺮ ﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩۤﺓ ﻳﺎ ﻳﺎﻣٓﻮ ﻋُﻮﺩۤﺓ ﻋُﻮﺩۤﺓ
ﺑﺎﺭِﻳﻠَﻨّﻮٓ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ :ﺑﺎﺭِﻳﻠﻨّﻮٓ ﺷَـﻴّﻠـﻮﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩۤﺓ ﻭﻗﺪّﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻹﻟﻪ
ﻣﺎﳔﺴﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﻧﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﳋﺎﻟﻖ ﺃﻻّ ﳔﺴﺮ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﻣﺘْﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:BAROMERTRE :
ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﳉﻮّ ،ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻉ ﺳﻨﺔ .۱٦٤٣
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯﻱْ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺩﻳﺎﺏ :ﻗﺴﻄﺎﺱ ﺍﳉﻮّ.
ﺟـﻮﺍﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻄﲑ ﻳُﺘﺼﻴّﺪ ﺑﻪ ،ﺃﲪﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﲔ ﺃﺻـﻔﺮ ﻭﻓـﻲ ))ﺍﳌـﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟـﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ((:
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻠﲔ ﺃﺳﻔﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ):ﺃﺭﺑﺪﻩ( ﺃﺩﺑﺲ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﳌِﺮﻭﺍﺯ.
):ﺃﺳﻮﺩﻩ( ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻛﺘﻔﺎﻩ ﻭﺟﻨﺎﺣﺎﻩ ﻭﺫﻧﺒﻪ ،ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﰲ ))ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﴰﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﻲ(( :ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ
ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻮﺷﻴﻢ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺧﻔﻴﻒ ﻭﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﲑﺍﻥ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ﻭﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﳉﻮّ.
ﻭﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺐ .ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑُﺰﺍﺓ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٥ﺹ :۲٣٧ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﻣﺘﺮ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﺭﻭٓﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ BARONE :ﻋﻦ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘـﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺯﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﳉﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ )ﺍﻷﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟـﻘﺪﳝﺔ( ،BARON :ﻟـﻘﺐ
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﺼﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺯ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺪﺭﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ: ﺷﺮﻑ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﭭﻴﻜﻮﻧﺖ ﻷﻋﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ.
ﺑﺰﺍﺩﺭﺓ. ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻦ ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﲟـﻌﲎ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ PAZÉ :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺴﻴّﺪ.
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﺰِﻱ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ۱ﺹ.۲۰۱
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﳌﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻘﺒﻄﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻙ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭِﻱ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺉ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺮﻭﻣﻴﺔ.BUTEO : ﺑﺮﺃ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ :ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ،ﺳﻬﻠﺖ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ.
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.BUSE : ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺭِﻱ ﺗﻌﺎﻟَﻰ.
ﻭﺑﺎﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.BUZZARD :
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺟـ ۱۰ﺹ .۱٩٦ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﺮُﻭﻳٓﺎ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟـﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ. ﺑﺮﻭﻳَﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺯﻋﺠﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﻙ، ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑٓﺮﺍۤ.
ﻛﻨّﻲ ﺍﳒﻌﺰ ﺑﺎﺯﻙ ،ﻻ ﻳﻨﻜﺴﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﻙ.
٢٩
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺗْﺒﺎﺯﺭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯ :ﻟﻘﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﳉﻴﻼﱐ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑـﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑـﻌﻴﺪ ،ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯ ﺍﻷﺷﻬَﺐ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﻠﻮﻱ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ.
ﺗَـﺨّﺎﻥ ،ﺑـﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻓَـﻠﺘﺎﻥ ،ﻃـﻖّ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯﺍﺭ ،ﻋـﻢ
ﲝـﻠّﻲ ﺑـﺎﺯﺍﺭ )ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ( ،ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ،ﻓﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﺯﺍٔﺑٓﻮﺭﺕ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﭘٔﺎﺻﺎﺑﻮٓﺭﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯﺍﺭ ،ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻧﺎ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴّﺄ ﻋـﻴﺐ ،ﻫـﻴۤﻚ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻧﺎ ﻣﻌﻚ ،ﻛﻞ ﺗﻨﲔ ﻭﺃﻟٓﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ. ﺍﻟﺒَﺎﺯﺍﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎٔﺯﺍﺭ
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻓﺤﻤۤﺔ ،ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻊ )ﻭﻧﺺ ﴰﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﭘﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺧﻄﺄ(:
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺮﺿﻮﻥ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ. ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﰲ ﳑﺮ ﻣﺴﻘﻮﻑ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻻ ،ﻭﺑـﻌﺾ
ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﻛﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﻭﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻷﺣﺪ ﻭﺳـﻮﻕ
ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔَﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ: ﺍﳋﻤﻴﺲ.
))ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ(( :ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ،ﻭ))ﮔﺎﻥ(( :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ. ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻠﻮﻳﺔ :ﭬٔﺎﭼٔﺎﺭ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ :ﺃﺑٔﺎﭼﺎﺭِﻱ.
ﻭﺃﺧﻄﺄ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﺇﺫ ﻓﺴّﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﭼﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ :ﺍﻟﻐﲏ ،ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻴﻪ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﲎ ﭬﺎﭼﺎﺭ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ.
ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ. ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺣﺎﺭﺱ ﻟﻴﻠﻲ ﻭﻣـﻜﻨّﺲ
ﻭﺑﺎﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ VADJARAKANﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ. ﻭﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﺑﺎﺷﻲ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ– ﻭﻭﱄّ ﻣﺪﻓﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﳛﻤﻴﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ:
ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ .ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻮﺍۤﺯﻳﺮ.
ﺑَﺎﺯَﻟْﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:BASALTIQUE : ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺑﺎﺯَﺭ ﻭﺗﺒﺎﺯﺭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﻟﺖ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ
ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺐ ﻳﻘﺪﺡ ﻧﺎﺭﺍً ﻟﺪﻯ ﻛﺴﺮﻩ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻛﺎﱐ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻳّۤﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺟﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ،ﻻ ﺍﳋﺎﺻّﺔ.
ﺑَﺎﺯۤﻳﻼﱠ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺯۤﻳﻠّﻪ :ﻭﲰـﺘﻬﺎ ))ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ
ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻴﺴﺮﺓ(( :ﺑـﺎﺯﻻﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟـﺒﺴﻠﺔ :ﻣـﻦ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯﺍﺭ )ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﻃﻘﺖ ﺻﻔﻘﺔ
ﺍﳋﻀﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺘﺴﻠﻘﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑٔـﺎﺯٔﺍﻟﻴﺎ ،ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ(.
ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﺑﺎﺷﻲ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ،
ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ. ﻳﺮﺍﺩﻓﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ))ﺷﻬﺒﻨﺪﺭ(( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ –.
ﺯﺭﻋﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺍﻣﻰ. ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﺑﺎﺷﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺯٔﺭﺑﺎﺷﻲ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻏـﲑﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺴٔﻴْﻠَﻪْ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ.PISELLO : ﺑَﺎﺯٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺑﺎﺯﺭ ﲟـﻌﲎ:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.BASELLE : ﺑـﺎﻉ ﻭﺍﺷﺘـﺮﻯ ،ﻭﲟﻌﲎ ﺳﺎﻭﻡ .ﻭﻣـﺼﺪﺭﻩ
ﺑَﺎﺯﻳۤﻦ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ: ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺯﺭﺓ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﻢ[ ..:ﻭْﺃَﻋﺒﱢﻲ ﺇﻳﺪَﻙ ﺑﻮٓﺱ. ﺑﺎٔﺯَﻥ ﺃﻭ ﭘٔﺎﺯَﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ .BASINﻭﻣﻦ ﺻﻨﻮﻓﻪ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺳﱵ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻤﻨﺪﺭﺓ ﺑﺘﺤﺐ ﺗﺮﱄ ﺑﺎﺯﻳۤﻦ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﻠﻮّﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﻛﺮﺓ) :ﺷﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[ :ﻋﻴﻮﺍﻅ ﻳﺴﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺮﺍﻛﻮﺯ ﺑﺎﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺳﻴﺪﻥ:
ﰲ ﺍﳋﻴﻤﺔ: ﻗﺒّﻞ ،ﻟﺜﻢ ،ﻭﺑﻮﺱ ﻭﺑﻮﺳﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ .ﻭﺍﻟـﻔﻢ ﰲ
ﻟﻮ ﺗﻌﻠﻢِ ﺍﻷﺭﺽُ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪ ﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﺮﺣﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺳﻴﺪﺍﻥ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺸﺮﺕ ﰒ ﺑﺎﺳﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻊَ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡِ
ﻭﺃﻧﺸﺪﺕ ﺑﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﺔً: ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺱ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ:
ﺃﻫﻼً ﻭﺳﻬﻼً ﺑﺄﻫﻞ ﺍﳉﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﻡ ﺍﻟـﺒٓﻮﺳۤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺳﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟـﻔﺎﻋﻞ:
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﺍﻟﺒﺎۤﻳۤﺲ .ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﻃﻔﻘﻨﺎ ﻧﺒﻮﺱ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻧﻮﻫﻢ ﺃﻧﻨﺎ
ﻧﺼﻠﱢﻲ ﺍﻟﻀﺤﻰ ﺧﻮﻓﺎً ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌِﺪَﻯ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﳌﺎ ﺑُﺴﺖُ ﺭﺍﺣﺎﺗِﻪ:
ﻣﻦ ﺫﺍ؟ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ :ﺍﳌُﻌﺪِﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﺲُ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺒﻮﺱ ﻋٕـﻜﺴٓﻮ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺱ ﻭﺑﻮّﺱ ﻭﺗﺒﻮﱠﺱ.
ﺑـﺼﲑ ﲪﺎﻣۤﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻜّﻮ ﻭﭼﻮ ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳـﺒﻮﺳﻮ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺣﺪﺍ. ﻭﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮّﺍﺱ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺑـﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻟﻮﻟﺪ،
ﻭﺃﺑﻮﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺩﻋﻮﻯ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺳﺄﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ: ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﺳﺔ ﰲ ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ :ﺍﻟﺸﻤّۤﺔ.
–ﻟﻴﺶ ﺑﺴﺘﻮ
–ﻳﺎﺳﻴﺪﻱ! ﺑﺴﺘﻮ ﻷﻧﻮ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﺆﻣﻦ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺎﺱ ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ﻭﭺّ ﻭﻗﻔﺎ.
–ﻃﻴّﺐ ،ﻟﻴﺶ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺴﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣـﺴﻠﻢ
ﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﺑﺸﻊ؟ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺳۤﺔ ﻧﺺّ ﺍﳊﻮﺳۤﺔ ،ﺑﻮﺱ
–ﻳﺎ ﺳﻴﺪﻱ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺗﺮﻛﺘﻮ ﻟﻐﲑﻱ ﻷﻧﻮ ﺃﺟﺮﻭ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺿﺤﻚ ﻋﺎﻟﻠﺤﻰ ،ﺷﻄﻮٓﻑ ﺑﻴﺘﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ
ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ. ﻣـﻨﻮ ﺑﺪﻭﺳﻮ ﻭﺧﺴﻮﻝ ﻭﭼﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻣـﻨﻮ
ﺑﺒﻮﺳﻮ )ﻭﺳﺎﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻹﻳﺪ ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﻘﺪﺭ ﺗـﻌﻀّٔﺎ ﻭﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ( ،ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎ ﺍﻟـﺰﻏﲑ
ﺑﻮﺳﺎ ﻭﺍﺩﻋِﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻄﻊ )ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺴﺮ(. ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺑﺎﺱ ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻤﺪّ ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ﻟﻠﺒﻮﺱ ﲟﺪّﺍ ﻟﻠـﻘﻄﻊ،
ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﻔﺎﺭﺓ :ﺑﻮﺳﻲ ﺇﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻂ ﻭﺧﺪﻱ ﻟۤﻚ ﻟﲑﺓ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺣٕﺐ ﺍﻟﺪٕﺏّ ﻹﺑﻨﻮ: ﻗـﺎﻟۤﺖ :ﺍﻷﺟﺮﺓ ﻣﻠﻴﺤﺔ ﺑـﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭٓﺭﺓ ﻋﺎﻟـﺒﺴﻠَﻢ،
ﺃﺟﺎ ﺗَﺒﻮﺳﻮ ﻋﺾ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ. ﺩﺳﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﺪﺍﺱ ﻭﺑﺴﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﳌـﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻻ :ﻳﺎﻣﻮ! ﻓَﻴْﻘﻴﲏ ﺑﺘﻨﺒﺎﺱ ،ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺴﺒّۤﻖ ﺑﻮﺳﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺘﻘﺼّﺮ ﺩﻭﺳﺎ،
ﻷﺑﻮﺱ ﻣﺮﰐ ،ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺒﺎﻟﻮ ﺑﺎﻝ ﻣﺎﺑﻨﺎﻡ. ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﻭﺁۤﺧﺮﺗﺎ ﺑﻮﺱ ﺩﻗﻮﻥ )ﻳﺘﻘﺎﺗﻠﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻒ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﺱ ﺗٕﻤّﺎ ﺇٕﻻ ﺃٕﻣّﺎ. ﻭﺃﺧﲑﺍً ﻳﺘﺼﺎﳊﻮﻥ(.
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ﺑﺎﺳٔﻂ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺑﺎﺻٔﻂ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[: ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺑﻮﺱ ﺇﻳﺪﻙ ﻣـﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ
ﺑﺎﺻٔـﻄﻮ ﺷﻮﻱ ﻭﺿﺤﱠﻜﻮﺍ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺳـﻄﻪ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻋﻜﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺱ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺎﻕ(.
ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺸﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺳۤﻂ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺑﺎﺻۤﻂ ]ﻳـﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[: ﺩﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ
ﻓﺘﺢ ﻟﻮ ﺑٔﺎﺻۤﻂ ﳚﻮﺯﻭ ﺑﻨﺘﻮ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺴﻂ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻮ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﺓ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﷲ
ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺑﺪﺍﻩ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﻻ :ﻳﺎ ﺣﻠﻮﺓ! ﻣﻮ ﺷﺤّﺎﺩ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓـﺘﺤﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﺳﻄﻚ ﰲ ﻋﻄﻴﲏ ﺑﻮﺳﺔ ﺩﺧﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ
ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺮﺓ. ﻏﲑﻫﺎ:
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺳۤﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﺧﺪﻟﻚ ﺑﻮﺳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲤّﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻴّﻢ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤّﻲ!
ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺳِﻞ :ﺍﻟـﺸﺠﺎﻉ ،ﺍﻟـﺒﻄﻞ .ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟـﻔﺎﺧﺮ((: ﻏﲑﻫﺎ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺻﻤﻌﻲ :ﺍﳌﺮّ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﻟﺔ :ﺍﳌـﺮﺍﺭﺓ ،ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ ﺳﺤﺒۤﺖ ﻋﻠﻲﱠ ﻣﻮﺳـﺎ ﺷﻮﻓﻮﺍ ﺍﳌَﺎﱐ ﺑﺒﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺀ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺳﻞ :ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺣﺮّﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗِﺮﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻮّ ﻣﻨﻪ. ﺗﺸﺮﮔﻠﺖ ﺍﻧﺎ ﻭﺣﺼﺎﱐ ﻣﺎﻃﻠﺖ ﺍﻧﺎ ﻻﺑﻮﺳـﺎ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻼﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺒُﺴْﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ: ﺍﻟﺒَﺄﺱ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻻ ﺑﺄﺱ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ )ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺴَﻼ. ﳘﺰﺗﻪ( :ﻻ ﺧﻮﻑ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺳﻮﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺮﺽ ﳛﺪﺙ ﻣﻨﻪ ﲤﺪﺩ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻻٓ ﺑﺎٓﺷﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟـﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺭﻳﺪﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺝ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﻐﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﻲ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻻ ﺑَﺎﺷﺎ.
ﻭﻳﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﱰﻑ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﺳﲑ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﻻ ﺑﺎﺱ،
ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺳﻮﺭ ﺃﻋﺠﻤﻲ. )ﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺁﺧﺮ(:
–ﻭﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻳﺢ؟
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﺴﻮﺭٓﺍ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ: –ﺯﻱّ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﻳﺘﺒﻮّﻝ(.
ﺑٓﺴﻮﺭَﺍ. –ﻭﻻ ﺑﺎﺱ) .ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﳒﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً(.
ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟـﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ(( :ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ: ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺱ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮ
ﺍﳌﺒﺴﻮﺭ. ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺪّﺓ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٤ﺹ .٤٧ ﺑِﺌﺲَ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻓﻌﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻹﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﻡ،
ﺑٔﺎﺳﻮﻃٔﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟـﺒﻞ ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ]ﺯﺟﺮﻫﻢ[ :ﻟَـﺠْﻬﻨﱠﻢ ﺍﳊـﻤﺮﺍ
ﲰـﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﻓٓﺸﻮﻃٓﺎ :ﺍﳌـﻨﺒﺴِﻂ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻭﺑﺌﺲ ﺍﳌﺼﲑ.
ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ) .ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ.(٦٧ ﺑٔﺎﺳْﺘٕﻠۤﺲ :ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴّﺔ ،ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﻟـﺬﻳﻦ
ﺑﺎﺳﻮﻓﺎﻥ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﻧﺰﺡ ﺃﺟﺪﺍﺩﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻨْﺒﻮﺳَﻚ
ﺍﻷﻛـﺮﺍﺩ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑـﻴﺖ ﺳُـﻮﻓْﻨﺎٓ :ﺑـﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﱐ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﺬ ﺍﳌﺒﺴﻮﺱ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﺖ.
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ﺑـﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺻـﻄﻼﺡ ﺑﺎﳌـﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﳌـﺘﻘﺪﻡ ،ﻳـﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ :ﺍﻟﻴَﺪﻙ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – :ﺍﻟﻠـﻮﺡ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.۱٨٣
ﺍﳋﺸﱯ ﺍﻷﺿﻴﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺵ ﺗُﺨﺮﺝ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﺭﻏﻔﺔ. ﺑـﺎﺳﻮﻣَﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺃﻋـﺰﺍﺯ،
ﺑﺎٔﺷﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﭘﺎﺷﺎ :ﻟﻘﺐ ﺷﺮﻑ ﺩﺧﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺴﻤۤﺎ :ﺍﻟﻌﻄّﺎﺭﻭﻥ ،ﻛـﻤﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﲔ ﻟﻠﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ ﻭﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .۱٨٣
ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺀ ،ﰒ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻻﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺩﺍﺭ
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ ،ﰒ ﻏﺪﺍ ﺭﺗﺒﺔ ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﻛﱪﻯ ،ﰒ ﻏـﺪﺍ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﺳﻴﻔﻴﻜﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﻣـﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟـﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ:
ﻣﻨﺤﺔ ﻳﻐﺪﻗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮﺿﻰ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﶈـﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺳﻴﻔﻴﻜﻲ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PACIFIQUE
ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻴﲔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺎﺑﲔ. ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﳍﺎﺩﻱ.
ﻭﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺗﺒﺪﻝ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺗﺎﺀ :ﺑﺎﺷﺔ
ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺁﻏﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ. ﺑٔﺎﺳِﻴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ،
ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺑٔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ BASILEﻋـﻦ
ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﺷﻮﻳّﺔ. ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :BASILEUSﺍﳌﻠِﻚ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑٔﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﻭﺑٔﺎﺷﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺑٔﺎﺷﻮﺍﺕ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﺵ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻼﻋﺒﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﮕﻼﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭٓﺵ:
ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﻮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ: ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﺵ ﻟَﻤۤﻦ؟ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﳌَـﻦ ﺍﻟـﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ؟ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺵ :ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ.
–ً ١ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﻇﻬﺮ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺓ ﰲ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﻴّﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻭﺗﺬﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻛﻜﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﺄﺧﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌـﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺣـﻜﻴﻤﺒﺎﺷﻲ:
–ً ٢ﻭﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻷﻃﺒﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺃﻭﺿﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ ،ﺣﺎﺧﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ،
ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺟﻘﺔ ،ﰒ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺎ ﺍﺛﻨﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﺑﲏ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ: ﻃﻮﺍﺷﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ ،ﺗﺘﻨﺠﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ ،ﴰـﻌﺪﺍﻥ ﺑـﺎﺷﻲ.
ﻋﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻦ ﺃﻭﺭﺧﺎﻥ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺷﺎ.
–ً ٣ﻭﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﺣﺪﺙ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﻼ
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺳﻠﻴﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ. ﺗﺬﻳّﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺎﺀ :ﺑﺎﺵ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ.
ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔﻮﺍ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﻥ ﺃﻫﻞ ))ﻧٕـﺒّٓـﻞ(( :ﺑٔﺎﺵ ﺭﺍﻓﻀﻲ.
ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
))ﺑﺎﺭﺷﺎﻩ(( –ً ١ﺃﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺎﺷﻚ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ ،ﺃﻭّﻝ
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺠﻮﻗﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺛِﻘَﻞ ﺍﳌَﻠِﻚ ﻭﲪﻠﻪ. ﺑﺎﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﺎﺵ )ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﻥ ))ﺑﺎﺷﺪﻥ(( :ﺑٔـﺎﺷﺘَﻦ ﺃﻭ
–ً ٢ﺃﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﭘﺎﻱ ﺷﺎﻩ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺑٔﺎﺷﻄﻦ( ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺒﺪﺃ ﺑﻪ :ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ.
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺣﺼﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻭﻧﺼﻴﺒﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻮﺵ ﻭﺗﺒﻮﺵ.
–ً ٣ﺃﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺑٔﺎﺷﺎﻩ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻔﺮّﺍﻧﲔ :ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺡ
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻗَﺪَﻡ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ. ﺍﳋﺸﱯ ﺫﻭ ﺍﳌﻘﺒﺾ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ ،ﻳُﺪﺧﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ ﺇﱃ
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ﺍﻟﺒﲑﻗﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﺃﻭﺿﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ ،ﻭﻗﻬﻮﻩ ﺟﻲ ...ﰒ ﺁﻻﻕ –ً ٤ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑٔﺸٔﻪ(( ﺍﻟـﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺥ
ﺗﻔﻨﻜﺠﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻘﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ.
ﻭﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻗﻀﻴﺐ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ﻭﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻣﺘﻄﺎﺀ –ً ٥ﺃﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ))ﺑﺎﺵ ﺁﻏﺎ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ:
ﺟﻮﺍﺩﻩ... ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻷﻏﻮﺍﺕ.
–ً ٦ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺎٔﺷۤﻪ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﻃﲑ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﺟﻮﻻﺟﻘﻮ ﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﻖ.
ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴﻞ... ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ :ﺱ ٩ﺹ .٣٨۱
ﰒ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺗﺎﺗﺎﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺳﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪ. ﻭﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ.
ﰒ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺟﻮﻗﺪﺍﺭ... ﻭﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺹ .۱٦۲
(( ))
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ﺑﲔ ﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺒّۤﺔ ﻭﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ. ﺍﳉـﻮﺧٔﺪٔﺍﺭ )ﺣـﺎﺭﺱ ﺛﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ( ،ﺍﳌـﻬﺮَﺩﺍﺭ
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ))ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ(( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ– )ﻳﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﳋﺘﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﺭﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ(،
ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻨَﻰ ﻣﺮﻋﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﳌﻼﺡ ﻗﻨﺎﻗﻪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﲑﻗﺪﺍﺭ )ﳛﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ( ،ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮﺟﻲ
ﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ. ﺑﺎﺷﻲ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻜﲑ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ )ﻳﺸﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻃﻌﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ(،
ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﺷﺎ ﻭﻋﺴﻜﺮٓﻭ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ))ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺸﱪﻙ(( ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻮﺭ ﺩﳒﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ )ﻳﺸﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻮﺭ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ(،
ﻳـﻄﺒﺦ ﻣـﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺔ ،ﻛﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺸﱪﻙ ﻳـﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻷﺫﻥ: ﺍﻟﻘﻔﻄﺎﻥ ﺁﻏﺎﺳﻲ )ﻳﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺷﺎﺡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺘﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ(،
ﺭﻣﺰﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﻷﺫﻥ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻪ ﺳـﻤﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﺎﻭﻯ، ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻣﺎﺟﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ )ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲪﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ(،
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺭﻣﺰﻭﺍ ﺑﻜﺮﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺩﻕ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻮﻥ ﺁﻏﺎﺳﻲ )ﻳﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺑﺎﻳﺎﺕ(،
ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮ ﺑﺴﻼﺣﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻱ. ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺒﺠﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ )ﺍﳌﻮﻛﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺷﺎ(،
ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺨﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ))ﻋﺮﺏ ﻋﺠﻢ((. ﺍﻟﺘﺘﻨﺠﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ )ﻳﻬﺘﻢّ ﺑﺘﺪﺧﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ( ،ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﺷﺮﺟﻲ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺑﺎﺷﻲ )ﻳﻬﺘﻢ ﺑﺜﻴﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ( ﺍﻟﱪﺑﺮﺟﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ )ﺭﺋﻴﺲ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ))ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﲨﺎﻋﺘﻮ((. ﺍﳊﻼﻗﲔ( ،ﺍﶈﺮﻣﻪ ﺟﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ )ﺍﳌﻮﻛﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺷﻒ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ( ،ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻳﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺁﻏﺎ )ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺷﺎ(،
ﺑﺎﺷْﺒﺰﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺷـﻲ ﺑﻮﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﻌﺪﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ )ﻳﺸﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ( ،ﺍﻟـﻜﻼﺭﺟﻲ
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺭﺃﺳـﻪ ﳐﺘﻞ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺩﻭﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ .ﺃﻃـﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ )ﻳﻌﺘﲏ ﺑﻔﺎﻛﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻭﻣﺸﺮﻭﺑﻪ( ،ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻨﺪﺭ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻴﲔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺼﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ )ﺍﳌﻮﻛﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻐﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ( ،ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ
ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻣﻴﺔ ،ﲡﻨﺪ ﲝﺎﻻﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻴﲔ )ﺍﳌﻮﻛﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲨﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ( ،ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻠﻲ ﺁﻏﺎﺳﻲ )ﻳﺴﲑ
ﻭﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﳉﺮﺍﻛﺲ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺣـﺮﺏ ﺃﻣـﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ﻭﺣﻮﻟﻪ ﲬﺴﺔ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﳛﻤﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ
ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ،ﻭﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺒﺰﻕ ﻻ ﳜﻀﻌﻮﻥ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ،ﻟﺬﺍ ﺃﻏﺼﺎﻥ ﺷﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺯ( ،ﺍﳌﻈﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﻲ )ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺟﻮﻗﺔ
ﳚﻨﺤﻮﻥ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺐ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻢ ﻋُﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺍﳌـﻮﺳﻴﻘﻰ( – ﺍﻧـﻈﺮ ﺗـﻔﺼﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻓـﻲ ﻣـﻮﺳـﻴﻘﺎ –،
(( ))
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ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺷَﻤﺮﺍٓ: ﺑﺎﺷﺮﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺘﺎۤﻝ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﳚﺐ ﺇﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﺔ
ﳏﻠﺔ ﺭﺷﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺎﻡ) .ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ .(٨٦ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ.
ﺑﺎٔﴰٕﺸِﻠﻲ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﺍﻷﺛﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺕ ﻭﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ.
ﺣـﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴۤﺖ ﺷَﻤﺸﺎٓ :ﺑﻴﺖ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺎﺷﺮﻭﺍ
ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﺳﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ: ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺑﺎﺷﺮﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ...
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .۱٨٣ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ :ﺑﻮﺷﺮ ﺑﺎﳊﺼﺎﺩ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺑﻮﺷﺮ ﺍﳊﺼﺎﺩ.
ﺑﺎﺵ ﺻﻮﻓﺎﻥ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﻮﻳّۤﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ. ﺳـﻤﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷـﻠﺤﺖ:
ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﺷﻴّۤﺔ :ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺵ. ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺗﻮﻣﺎ ﺃﻳﻮﺏ .ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻠﺔ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺑﻮﺵ ﻭﺗﺒﻮﺵ. ﺱ ۲ﺹ٨۰– ٧٨
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳـﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ: ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷۤﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷَﻖ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ
ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺘﻚ ﺇٕﻻ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﱵ؟ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻟﻚ ﺃﻡ ﱄ؟. ﺑٔﺎﺷۤﻪْ :ﻣـﻦ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻮﺭ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺭﺡ ﺍﻟـﺼﺎﺋﺪﺓ،
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﺹ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ BUS :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ :BAS ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﲔ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻠﲔ ،ﻭﺃﻧـﻮﺍﻋﻪ ﻻ ﺗـﻘﻞ
ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟـﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﲔ.
ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺻﺎﺕ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﺀ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﻮﺍﺷﻖ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺻﺎﺕ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺯﻳﻘﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺻﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻇﻬﺮﺕ ﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺑﻮﺯﻳﻘَﺎ.
،۱٩٥۲ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺑﻴﻌﺖ ۱٤ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺟـ ۱۰ﺹ.۱٩۱
ﺭﻛﻮﺏ. ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ.
ﺇﺣﺼﺎﺀ :ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺻﺎﺕ ﺳﻨﺔ ۱٩٦۰ﳓﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺵ ﻛﺎﺗﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ
۱٨۰ﺑﺎﺻﺎً ،ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺑﻴﻌﺖ ٩٧ﻣـﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﲔ :ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺎﺵ(( ﺍﻟـﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺭﺃﺱ،
ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺭﻛﻮﺏ. ﻭ ))ﻛﺎﺗﺐ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘّﺎﺏ.
ﺍﻧـﻈـﺮ ﳎـﻠﺔ ﺍـﻤﻊ ﺍﻟـﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ۲٤ﺹ ٣٧۰ﻭﺱ٣۰ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﺷْﻠٕﻖ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺪﺛﺎﺭ ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﺷﺘﺎﺀ ﰲ
ﺹ :٦٧٧ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺹ. ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻌﺔ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻟﻪ ﺟﻨﺎﺣﺎﻥ ﻳﺸﻤﻼﻥ
ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ﺑﺎﺷﻠﻖ :ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﺹ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PASSEﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺯ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ.
ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﳊﺎﻣﻠﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﻛﺐ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﲟﺒﻠﻎ ﻳﺪﻓﻌﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﻠﻖ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺍﻟﱵ ﲡﺮ
ﺳﻠﻔﺎً ﻋﻦ ﻣﺪﺓ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ. ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻼﺕ.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﻟﻔِﺴﺢ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺻﺎﺑﻮٓﺭﺕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺑﻮﺭﻁ. ﺑﺎﺷَﻤْﺮٔﻩ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺻْﺮﺍ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺷـﻤَﺮﺍۤ :ﺍﳌـﺮﺳﻠﻮﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.۱٨٣
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ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ :ﺳﻼﻣﺘۤﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺖ! ﺑﺎﺻٕﻠْﺤﺎﻳﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ
ﺑﺎٔﻁ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻁ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺫَﻝّ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺰ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺻۤﻠْﺤٓﻴﺎۤ :ﺑـﻴﺖ
ﺍﻓﺘﻘﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻏﲎ. ﺍﳊﻄّﺎﺑﲔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺷِﻲ ﺷﺎﻁ ﻭﺷِﻲ ﺑﺎﻁ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.۱٨٣
ﻭﺷﻲ ﺃﻛﻠﺘﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻁ.
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻟﻮﺡ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺧﺴﺎ ﺑﺎﻃﻚ )ﺃﻱ :ﺧﺴﻰﺀ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﺻّﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻃﲔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺮﻳﺞ
ﺫﻟّﻚ(. ﺍﻟﺮﺧﻮ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﺷﲑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﻞ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻃﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻁ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺑﺎﻁ. :PASSAﺍﳌﺎﺭّ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑِﺮ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺬﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺎﺏ: ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﺻٔﻮﺍٔﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PASSE AVANT
ﻋﻠﱢﻲ ﺑﺎﻃﻚ ﺷﻢّ ﺭﻳﺎﺣﻚ ﻗﻮﻝ :ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ. ﺟﻮﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﺟﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ،ﺃﻭ ﺇﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﳊﺎﻣﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻮّﻝ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻗﺒﻀﺎﻱ ﲝﻂ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎﺀ.
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﲢﺖ ﺑﺎﻃﻮ ﻭﺑﻘﻮﻝ :ﻣﺎﱄ ﺧﱪ. ﺑٔـﺎﺽ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺽ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ :ﺃﻟـﻘﻰ
ﺑﻴﻀﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﻃﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ:PATTA : ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺽ ،ﻭﺑﻴﻀﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳉﻮﻟﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ ﻻ ﻳﺮﺑﺢ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ ،ﻭﺑﻴۤﺾ.
ﺍﳋﺼﻤﲔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺩﻯۤ ﺑﻘَﻰ ﺑِﻴﺾ ﻫﺎﳉﻮٓﻫﺮﺓ
ﻟَـﻨْﺸﻮﻑ ،ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﻀﺔ ﻣـﻨﻮ ﺑﺎﺿﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﻃٕﺮْﺵ] :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺂﻛﻠﻬﻢ[ :ﻳـﺸﻮﻯ ﻭﺍﳉﻴۤﺠۤﺔ ﻣﻨﻮ ﺟﺎﺑﺎ ،ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻀﺖ ﺭﻭ ﻗﺎﻗﻲ.
ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺫﳒﺎﻥ ﰒ ﻳﻘﺸﺮ ﻭﻳﺪﻕ ،ﻓﻴﺼﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻠـﱭ
ﺍﳌﺘﻮّﻡ ،ﰒ ﻳﺼﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺍﳌﻘﻠﻲّ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳉﻮﺯ ﻣـﻌﻪ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳉﻴﺞ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﺒﻴﺾ
ﻣﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻀﻴﻔﻮﻥ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﻤﺾ ﻋﻮﺿﺎً ﻋﻦ ﺑﺮّﺍ ﻭﺑﻮﺳّﺦ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ.
ﺍﻟﻠﱭ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑٔﺎٔ(( :ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ، ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺘﺒﺠﺢ ﻭﳛﻜﻲ
ﻭ ))ﺗُﺮُﺵ(( :ﺍﳊﺎﻣﺾ. ﻛﻼﻣًﺎ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺑـﺒﻴﺾ ﺑـﻴﺾ ﻧﻌﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺑﺮ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﻃﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﳊﻖ، ﺣَﻤﺎﻡ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻬﺎﻟﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄﻞ ﻭﻳﺘﺨﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﲡﺎﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺟﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﺛﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺑﺎﺿﺖ
ﺍﻟـﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺃُﻟـﻐِﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳌـﺆﻧﺚ :ﺑـﺎﻃِﻠَﺔ، ﻛـﺄﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺑـﻀﺖ ﺑﻴۤﻀﺔ ﻛـﻨﺖ ﻣﺖ ،ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺒﻬﺎ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃِﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﻄۤﻞ.
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ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻜﺘّﺎﻥ ،ﻳـﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻟـﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻄﻴﻼٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻒ ﻭﺍﳉﻮﺩَﻟِﻴّﺎﺕ. ﺑَﻄﻴﻼَ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﻃْﻴۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﻃﺌﺔ ،ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻏﻨّﻰ ﺍﳌﻐﲎ ﻳﺸﻜﻮ ﰲ ﻏﻨﺎﺋﻪ ﺁﻻﻣﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﻮﺍ:
ﻫـﻤﺰﺎ ﻓﺘﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻴَِﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﳝـﻴﻠﻮﻥ: ﺑٔﺎﻃۤﻞ.
ﺍﻹﻧـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻲ ﳝﻸ ﲬﺮﺍً ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻳـﻐﺮﻑ ﺍﻟـﺸَﺮْﺏ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﲢﺪﺛﻮﺍ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺼﻴﺒﺔ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﺑﺄﺣﺪ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ:
–ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ– ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﺮﰊ: ﻟَﻪْ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻃﻠﺔ ﻟَﻪْ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻴﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺇﻧﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﻴّﻖ ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺣﻠﻔﺖ ﻓﻴﻚ
ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻞ– ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ))ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻟﻴﻘﻲ((. ﺑﺎﻃﻞ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﻗﺼﻘﺼﺖ ﺑﺪﻳﺎﻟَﻚ.
ﻭﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃۤﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃِـﻦ :ﺿﺪ
ﻭﰲ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻴﺔ :ﺇﻧﺎﺀ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ.
ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺮ. ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺑﺎﻃِﻨَﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ،
ﻭﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ :ﺑٔﺎﺩْﻳَﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺩْﻳﺎ :ﺍﳉﺮّﺓ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﻃِﻦ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ.
ﻭﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻠّﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺒَﺎﻃْﻨِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﻳﻄﺒﺦ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻃﻒ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻲ ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃِﲏ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃِﻨﻴّﺔ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﳌﻠﻮّﻥ ﺑﺄﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺯﺍﻫﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﻳُـﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ :ﻓﺮﻕ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺗـﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﰲ
ﻟﻠﺰﻳﻨﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﻘﻨﺎﺩﻳﻞ. ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻃﻤﻴﲔ ،ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﲑﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭﺯ ﻭﺍﳌﺘﺎﻭﻟﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﻄﻴﺘﺎٓ ﻭﺑٓﻄﻮﺗﺎٓ :ﻭﻋﺎﺀ ﻟﻠﺨﻤﺮ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﺎ.
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BOUTEILLE :ﺍﻟﻘﻨّﻴﻨﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻮﻁ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺳﻴﻜﺎﺭﺗﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ
ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃْﻴۤﺔْ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﻮﺍﻕ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻳـﻘﻊ ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﻃﻮﻁ :ﲣﻴﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻮﻁ ﻋـﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﻗـﻀﻴﺐ
ﺑﲔ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﻮّﺍﻓﲔ ،ﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﻓـﻴﻪ ﺍﻵﻥ ﰲ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﺧﺮﻗﺔ ﻣﺸﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻳﺸﻌﻠﻮﺎ ﻭﻳﺪﺧﻠﻮﺎ
ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻣﺎﻳﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻭﺑـﻄﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﺼﺐ، ﻋﺶ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﺑﲑ ﻟﺘﺘﻠﻔﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ:
ﻭﻗﺪﳝﺎً –ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﻈﻦ– ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺒﺎﻉ ﻓـﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺑَﻄّﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﺸﺮَﺭَ.
ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻴﺔ ﳝﻠﺌﻮﺎ ﲟﺎ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻭﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟـﻌﻄﺎﺭﻳﻦ: ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻮﻟِﻲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﺎﻃﻮﱄ
ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺯﻫﺮ ،ﻭﻣﺎﻭﺭﺩ ،ﻭﳏﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﳌـﺴﻚ ،ﺃﻭ ﳝـﻠﺌﻮﺎ ﺑـﺎﻃﻮﱄ ،ﺑـﻨﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺎﻋﻮﻝ ﻭﺃﳊـﻘﻮﻩ
ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﺍﺑﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺣـﱴ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻳﺒﻴﻊ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ.
ﻣﺎﺗﻘﺪﻡ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﻄﻼﻥ :ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﳍﺎ
ﻟﻠـﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﳌﻨﻌﻢ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ))ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃَﻰ(( ﻣﺎ ﻣـﺆﺩﺍﻩ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻮﱄ ﻣْﻬﻨﺪﺱ
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﱐ ﺍﻟﻔﺨﺎﺭﻳﺔ. ﺳْﻘﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﻃﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻮ.
ﻭﻛﻨﺖ ﺳﺄﻟﺖ ﺣﻮﺍﻧﻴﺖ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟـٔﺒﺎﻃﻴۤﺲ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﻳـﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ:BATISTA :
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ﺑﺴﻮﻗﺎ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﺴﺎﻫﻞ ﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ( ،ﺑﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﲔ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻴﺔ ﻭﱂ ﺃﻧﻞ ﺟـﻮﺍﺑﺎً،
ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﳉﻤﻠﺔ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ :ﺑﺎﳌﻔﺮّﻕ. ﺇﻢ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺼﺮﻧﺎ ﻋﺼﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﻻ ﳛﻔﻞ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً
ﺑﻐﲑﻫﺎ ،ﰒ ﺩﻟﻮﱐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻋﺠﻮﺯ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥ
ﻭﰲ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﻳﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﻊ ﻳﺪﻩ ﰲ ﻳﺪ ﻳﻼﺯﻡ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﺩﻛﺎﳒﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻓﻤﻀﻴﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ
ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﻳﺼﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻱ :ﺑﺴﺒﻌﺔ ﻭﻧﺺ ،ﺑﺘﺴﻌﺔ ..ﻭﳌﺎ ﻭﺳﺄﻟﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺑﺮﻡ ﺷﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﻣﻨﻮ ﺑـﻴﻌﺮﻑ ،ﺍﷲ
ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻳﺼﻴﺢ ﺍﳌـﺘﻔﺮﺟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺎﻉ ﺑﺎﻉ. ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻑ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣٕﻦ ﻋﺮۤﻑ ﺭٕﲰﺎﻟﻮٓ ﺑﺎﻉ
ﻭﺁﺷﺘـﺮﻯ ،ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ ﺣٕﻀۤﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﺑﺎﻉ ﻭﺁﺷﺘـﺮﻯ، ﺑٔﺎﻅ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﺎﳌـﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ:
ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺒﻴﻌﲏ ﺑﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻔٕﺮﺍۤ ﺑﺒﻴﻌﻮ ﺑﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﳉـﻮﺥ ﺑﺎٔﻇۤﺖ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻏﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﺷﺎﱄ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳕـﺤﺖ
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﺰّﱐ ﺃﻋﺰﺯﺗﻪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ( ،ﳊﻢ ﺍﻟـﻌﺼﺎﻓﲑ ﻧـﻮﺍﺗﺌﻬﺎ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ)) :ﺑﻮﺯﻣﻖ(( :ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻝ
ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺒﺎﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻨﺎﻃﲑ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺪّﻙ ﺗﺮﻫﻨٓﻮ ﺑﻴﻌﻮٓ ،ﺑﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ،ﺍﶈﻮ ،ﺍﻟﺘﻠَﻒ.
ﺍﻟـﻘﻴۤﺴﻲ ﻭﻟـﻮ ﺑﻌﺖ ﻟﺒﺎۤﺳﻲ ،ﺍﻟﻌﻄّﺎﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺑـﺒﻴﻊ ﺇﻻ
ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﺒﺘﻮ ،ﻻﺗﺰﻋﻠﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺟﺎﺭﺓ! ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻉ ﻟﺴّﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺭﺓ، ))ﺑﺎﺯ((
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ
ﻣﻔﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﻻﳛﺒﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻦ ﻻ ﺗﺒﺎﻉ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺯﺍﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺣﺎﺩ .ﻭﻫـﻮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺿﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟـﻜﺰﺑﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻫﻢ ﻷﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ.
ﳒّﺲ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻡ ،ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﻉ ﻋﻦ ﻋـﺎﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱐ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻯ
ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻳﻦ ،ﺑﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺲ ﻭﺍﺷـﺘﺮﻯ ﺑـﻜﻤﺎﺯ ،ﻫـﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﺎﻇﺖ ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﳉـﻤﺎﻋﺔ
ﻛﺴﻴﻠﻮﻥ :ﺑﻴّﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻮﻥ ،ﺟﺤﺎۤ ﺑﺎﻉ ﺍﳊـﻮﺵ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﺣﻜﺎۤﻳﱳ ،ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻚ ﺑﺎﻳۤﻆ ﻳﺎﺧﺎﻝ!
ﺑﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﺰﺭﺍۤﺏ ،ﺑﺎﻉ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﺳﺘـﺤْﻴَﻒ ﻋﺎﻟﺮﺳﻦ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻻ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﻆ ﻷْ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﻠﻒ
ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴۤﻞ ﺣﺎۤﺭۤﺱ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﻴّﺎﻉ ﻣـﻜﺎۤﻧۤﺲ ،ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺟﺴﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﻪ(.
ﻣﺎ ﺑﺒﻴﻌﺎ ،ﺑﻴﻌﻮ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺟَﻮﺯﻭﱐ. ﺑﺎﻉ :ﻋـﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻋﻪ :ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻟـﻘﺎﺀ
ﲦﻨﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻴۤﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻋَﻠﻚ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻴﻊ ﻭﺑﻴُﻮﻉ.
ﺍﳉﻠﻮﺩ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﺓ :ﺃﻟﻒ ﺑﻴّﺎﻉ ﻭﻻ ﺷﺮّﺍ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻫـﺬﺍ
ﺷـﻲﺀ ﻣُﺒﺎﻉ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺒﻴﻮﻉ ،ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﺻـﻮﺍﺑﻪ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗﺒﻴﻊ ﺑﺮﺧﻴﺺ ﻭﻻ
ﻣﺒﻴﻊ .ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﲝﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻮّﺍﻡ(( ﺃﺟﺎﺯ ﻣﺒﻴﻮﻉ.
ﺗﻮﺻﱢﻲ ﺣﺮﻳﺺ.
ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻧﺒﺎﻉ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ –
ﻭﺑﻴّﺎﻉ ﻭﺑﻴّﻴﻊ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺿﺤﻜﺘﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺒﻴﻌﺎ ﳊﺪﺍ، ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻄﻴﻮﻥ :ﺩَﻥْ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻴۤﻊ؟ ﻳـﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻓﻼﻥ ﲞﺺ ﻓﻴﲏ :ﻻﺑﺒﻴﻌﻮ ﻭﻻ ﺑﺪﺍۤﻛـﺶ ﻋـﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻊ؟.
)ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﺑﺔ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺘﺠﻮﻝ ،ﺑﻴۤﻊ ﻭﺷﺮۤﺍ
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻ ﻣﻼﻡ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻭﻣﺔ( ،ﻭﻟﻚ ﻳﺎﺑَﺎ! ﺑﻴﻌﺎ
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ﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﺔ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺬﺧﺎﺋﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻒ((، ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻉ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﮊ :ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﺪ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﺕ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ ﰲ ))ﺍﻷﻏﺎﱐ(( ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ.
))ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ((. ﻭﺣﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﳉﺐ ﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﻋﺎﺕ.
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.BOUQUET : ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻋﻮ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ﻟﺴﺎۤﻧﻮ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻋﻮ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ﺃﺵ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺼﲑ.
ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺤﻠۤﺔ ﺳٓﻮﺳﺤﺘﻴﲏ ﻳﺎﻏﺼﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻥ! ﻭﻣﻦ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺣﺔ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﺑﺎﻉ :ﺃﻥ
ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺒﺴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮّﺓ ﺑﺎﻗﺔ ﺭﳛﺎﻥ ﻳـﺴﺒﺢ ﺿﺎﺭﺑﺎً ﺑﻴﺪ ﰒ ﺑﺄﺧﺮﻯ .ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻓـﻼﻥ
ﺑٔﺎﻛٔﺎﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺑٔﺎﻛٔﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻛۤﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ: ﺳﺒّﻴﺢ ﲜﻴﺐ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﱪﻛۤﺔ ﺑﺘﻠﺖّ ﺑﺎﻋﺎﺕ.
:PAQUETﺍﻟﺼﺮّﺓ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻣﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻄﺔ ،ﺍﳊﺰﻣﺔ.
ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻠـﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﻜﺮﺗﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒَﺎﻋۤﺚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎﰲ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﻌﺎﺩِﻱ
ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﱳ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻨﺒﺎﻙ. ﻫﺎﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋِﺚ :ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻓﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ،
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﻮﺍﻋِﺚ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ.
ﺑَﺎﻛٔﺮ :ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑـﻜّﺮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻋٔﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻋﺪَ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﺑـﻌﺪﻩ،
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻛﺮﻩ :ﺃﺗﺎﻩ ﺑُﻜﺮﺓ. ﺃﻗﺼﺎﻩ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﻮﱐ :ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺑﻦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺣﻠﺐ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺠﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﻜٕﺮﺍۤ ﺃﺻـﺒﺢ ﻭﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻔﺎﺕ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٨٨۰ﻫ.
ﻣْﺒﺎﻛۤﺮ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻏٔﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻏٔﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻏﺎ:
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻛۤﺮ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮ. ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺤﻔﺎﺓ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﺎﻡ
ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺧﻴﺼﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺎﺯﻙ ﻭﺃﻣﺸﺎﻁ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻛۤﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺗﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﻛﺮﺍً :ﻏﺪﻭﺓ. ﻭﻛﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﻭﺻﺤﻮﻥ ﻭ ...ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ
ﻷﺎ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺣﻒ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻑ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺿـﺒّﺒۤﺖ ﻋﺸﻴّۤﺔ ﻻﻗـﻲ ﺍﻷﺷﻘﺮ.
ﻟﻚ ﻣﻐﺎﺭﺓ ﺩْﻓﻴّۤﺔ ﻭﺍﻥ ﺿﺒﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﻛۤﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻋﺼﺎﻳﺘﻚ ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ :ﺍﻟﺬَﺑْﻞ :ﻋﻈﻢ ﻇﻬﺮ
ﻭﺳﺎﻓۤﺮ. ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺤﻔﺎﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎﱐ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٦ﺹ.٩٩
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎﱐ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎﱐ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻛﻮﺭﺓ :ﻋـﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟـﻘﻄﺎﻑ، ﺑَﺎﻏٔﺖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻏﺘﻪ :ﻓﺎﺟﺄﻩ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﻮﺍﻛﲑ ﻭﺑﺎﻛﻮﺭﺍﺕ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻱ :ﻫﺠﻮﻡ ﻣُﺒﺎﻏﺖ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻜﺮٓﺍ :ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻭﻗـﺘﻪ،
ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺿﺠﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻭﺍﺎ. ﺑﺎﻏٔﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﻏﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻛﻮﺭﺓ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎ ﺍﳌﻌﻘﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ، ﺑٔﺎﻗٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﺔ :ﺍﳊﺰﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻞ
ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﻷﺎ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻀﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟـﺸﺠﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ.
ﺍﳌﺒﻜﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﻮﺭ ﻟﻠﺪﻭﻧﺘﻬﺎ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﺎﺕ.
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ﺑﺎﻟﻮ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ،ﺑﺎﻟﻮ ﺗﻌﺒﺎﻥ ،ﺑﺎﻟﻮ ﻣـﺴﺘﺮﻳﺢ ،ﺷـﻐﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺭﺓ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ
ﺑﺎﻟﻮ. ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻜُﺮَﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻜﺠﺔ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﺪﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﻓﻌﻪ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﶈﺠﻦ.
ﺑﺎﻟَﻚ ﻭﺍﷲ. ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْـﻜٓﺎﺭﺍٓ ﻭﺑَـﻜﻮﺭﺍٓ،
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻜﺎﺭﺍ ﻭﺑَﻜﻮﺭﺍ.
ﻭﻳﺼﻴﺢ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻝ :ﺑﺎﻟَﻚ ﺿﻬﺮﻙ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﺗٕﻄﻠﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺎﺭﻭﺭﺓ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺭﺍﻳﺢ ﺟﺎﻳۤﺔ :ﺑـﺎﻟﻚ ﻭﺑﺈﻳﺪﻙ ﺑﺎﻛﻮﺭﺓ.
ﺿﻬﺮﻙ ﻳﺎﻣﺘﻤﻨّﻲ ،ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﱄ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻣﺎﳊﺰﺏ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﺎﮒ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻮﺍﻙ
ﲞﻔّﻖ ﻟﻮٓ ،ﻭﺃﺷّﻲ ﺣﻜﺎۤﻳﺘﻮ؟ ﻳﺮﺣﻢ ﺃﺑـﻮﻙ ﻛـﻮ ﺑﺎﮔﺎﮊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BAGAGE :ﺃﻣﺘﻌﺔ
ﻋﺮﻓﺖ :ﺣﻜۤﺎﻳﺘﻮ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺷﻘﻔﺔ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ،ﺷـﺎۤﻳۤﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻣﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً ،ﻭﳎﺎﺯﺍً :ﳏـﻞ ﺣـﻔﻆ
ﻫﺎﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ. ﺃﻣﺘﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ.
ﻭﻳﻨﺼﺢ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ:
–ﻻ ﺗﺪﻳّﻦ ﺣﺪﺍ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻮٓﻝ ﺑَﺎﻝ:
–ﻟﻴﺶ ﺃﻧﺎ ﳎﻨﻮﻥ؟ ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺗَﺒﻮﱠﻝ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻳﺘﻨﺪّﺭﻭﻥ
–ﺑﺒﺎﱄ. ﻓﻴﻘﺮﺀﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ:
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺒﻘﺖ ))ﺑﺎﻝ(( ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺟﺎﺯ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺑﺎﻧﺖ ﺳﻌﺎﺩ ﻓﻘﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻣَﺘْﺒُﻮﻝُ
ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺷﺎﻋﺮﻫﻢ: )ﻳﻘﺮﺀﻭﻧﻪ :ﻣُﺘَﺒﻮﱢﻝ(.
ﺭﺣﻨﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﺑﺘﻐﻨﻴﻨﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﻳﺴﺄﻟﻮﻥ :ﺭﺟﻞ ﺗﻮﺿﺎ
ﺟﺎﺭۤﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﱐۤ ﻭﺑﻌﻨﺎ ﺃﻭﺍﻋﻴﻨﺎ. ﻭﺭﺍﺡ ﺑﺎﻝ ،ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺾ ﺃﺿﻮﻩ ﺇٕﻻ ﻷ؟ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﺭﺍﺣْﺒﺎﻝ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﻟﻮ ﻻ ﻳٕﺤﺮۤﻡ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ، ﻭﺭﺩ ﰲ ))ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟـﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩﻱ((
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﳚﻴﺒۤﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻃﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻝ! ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺩﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻚ ،ﺩﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺣﺎﻟﻚ ،ﺧٓﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﻚ ﻣﻨّﻮ ،ﺣﻂّ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻐﻠﺔ ﺑـﺒﺎﻟﻚ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺪﻱ ﺃﺩﻳﺮ ﺑﻮٓﱄ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺧﻠﻴّﺎ ﺑﺒﺎﻟَﻚ ،ﺣﺎﺩﺛﺘﻚ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﺎﻟـﺒﺎﻝ ﻭﻻ
)ﻳﻠﻔﻆ ))ﺑﺎﱄ(( ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ(. ﻋﺎﳋﺎﻃﺮ ،ﻃﻮّۤﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻚ ،ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺎﺯٕﺭﺗﻚ ﺑـﺒﺎﱄ ﺃﻧٕـﻨﺘۤﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻤﻲ: ﻣﺎﻧﻚ ﻫﻮﻥ ،ﻣﺎﻋﺒﺎﱄ ،ﻣﺎﻋﺒﺎﱄ ﻣﻨّﻮ ،ﺑﺎﻟﻮ ﻃـﻮﻳﻞ،
ﺍﺿﺮٓﺏ ﺷﻨﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻗﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺯّ ﻋﻦ ﺑﺎﻟَﻚ
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ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﺴﺘﺎﻥ]:ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﻮﺍﻕ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﺳﻮﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺘﺎﻥ: ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﺘَﻚ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﳋﺎﻥ ﺃﺩﻓﺎﻟﻚ
ﺗـﺒﺎﻉ ﻓـﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌـﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ،ﳏـﺮﻓﺔ ﻋـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﺒَﺎﻝ ﻳﺎﺧﻴّﺔ!
))ﺑَﺪٕﺳْﺘﺎٔﻥ(( ﺍﻟـﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﻣـﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟـﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟـﺮﺩﻳـﺌﺔ، ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ ﺳﻌﻮﺩ ﺍﳉﺰﻣﺎﰐ
ﺍﻟﻼﻣﻌﺎﺕ((
ﻭﻛـﺬﺍ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺋﺲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟـﺪﺭﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻋﻆ ﺍﳌﱪﻭﻙ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ :۱٩ﺷﻴـﺨﻲ! ﻣـﺎﻋـﻢ
ﻓـﻬﻲ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﺿﺪﺍﺩ .ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﳓﻦ :ﺑﻞ ﻫﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣـﺪ ﺑﺘﺤﻄﻨﺎ ﺑﺒﺎﻟَﻚ
ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺃﻧﺘﻴﻜﺎ(( ﳝﺪﺡ ﺎ ﻭﻳﺬﻡ. –ﺇﺵ ﺑﺎﻟِﻲ ﺁﺧﻮﺭ؟.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻗﻀﻴّﺔ ﺗﺎﻛﻞ ﺣﻘﻲ
ﻭﺍﺩّﻋﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺎﻟِﻲ(( :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺃَﺳﻜٓﺖ ﻋﻨّﻚ ﻫَﻲ ﻛﺒّﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺑﺎﻟَﻚ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻠِﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ،ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﻷﻥ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺑـﺪﺳﺘﺎﻥ
ﰲ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ ،ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺑـﺪﺳﺘﺎﻥ ،ﺯﺭﻧـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺃٕﻧﺘۤﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﲔ؟ ﻳﺎ ﺯْﻣﻚّ.
ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺑﺪﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ﻭﺃﻧﻘﺮﺓ ﻭﺇﺯﻣﲑ ﻭﻗﻮﻧﻴﺔ
ﻭﻏـﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺯﺭﻧﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺑﺪﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻃـﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺑٔﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟّٓﻮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
BALLO
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ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ.PALOUZA : ﺑَﺎﻟٔﻎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ :ﺍﺟـﺘﻬﺪ ﻭﱂ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ: ﻳﻘﺼﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺃﻃﻨﺐ ﻭﻭﺻـﻒ
ﻛﺒﺎﻟﻮﻇﻪ ﻭﺻﺤﻦ ﻣﻬﻠ ﱢ
ﱯ ﻭﺭﺯ ﺑﺎﳊﻠﻴﺐ ﻭﻣﺎﻳﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻐﻪ ﺟﻲ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺒﺎﻟﻎ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻮﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠﱡﻮﻋﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﺸِﺺّ، ﺑﺎﻟَﻚ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺣﺬﺭ ﺍﳊـﻤﻞ:
ﻭﻫﻢ ﲰﻮﺍ ﻗﻮﺍﻓﻊ ﳎﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻮﻉ. ﺑﺎﻟَﻚ ﻭﺿﻬﺮَﻙ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﻢ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ.
ﻭﰲ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ(( ﺟـ ٣ﺹ٦۱ ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺎﻟﻚ ﺿﻬﺮﻙ.
ﻋﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻌﻮﻡ ﲞﺎﺵ :ﺑﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻉ ﻭﻗﺼﺒﺘﻪ ۲٣ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﺩ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﺎﺩ.
ﺑـﺎﺭﺓ ﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﺭﻣﲏ. ﺑٔﺎﻟۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎٔﻟۤﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻮﻋﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻠﻮﻋﺔ. :BALLAﺍﳊﺰﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﻟﻮٓﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ BALLON :ﻋﻦ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﺍﻟـﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻮّﻓﺔ ﺗُﻤﻸ ﲟﻮﻟّﺪ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫـﻮ ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ))ﺍﻹﺑّﺎﻟﺔ(( :ﺍﳊﺰﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺃﺧﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ﺑـ ۱٤ﻣﺮﺓ. ﺍﳊﺸﻴﺶ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﻄﺐ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺂﻻﺕ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ. ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ))ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺩ(( ﻛﺜﲑﺍً.
ﻭُﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ ))ﺍﳌُﻨﻄﺎﺩ(( ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧـﻄﻴﺎﺩ :ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺎﺏ
ﰲ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ﺻُﻌُﺪﺍً ،ﻭﺃﻗﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ. ﺑﺎﻟّﻮٓ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑٔﺎﻝ.
ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﲰﺘﻪ :ﺑٔﻠﻮﻥ.
ﺑَﺎﻟُﻮﻇٔﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺂﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﻭﻣـﺸﺎﺭﻢ[:
ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﺍﺎ(( ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﺣﻠﻮﻯ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺒﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗـﻜﻮﻥ
ﺹ :٣٦ﺟﻠﺒﺖ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ ﻣﻨﻄﺎﺩﺍً ﺻﻐﲑﺍً ﻋـﺎﻡ ۱٩٤٤ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻟﻮﺫ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﻟﻮﺫﻕ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻭﺿﻌﺘﻪ ﰲ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﻟﻮﺫَﺝ.
ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻵﻥ ،ﺇﺫ ﱂ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ :ﭘﺎﻟﻮﺗﻪ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﻣﺸﺠﺮﺓ ﺇﺫ ﺫﺍﻙ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﺎﺩ ﻳﺼﻌﺪ ﻭﰲ ))ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ(( :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻳـﻌﻘﻮﺏ :ﻭﻻ
ﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ٥۰ﻣﺘﺮﺍً ...ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺍﳍـﻮﺍﺀ ﻳﻌﻠﻮ ﺗﻘﻞ ﻓﺎﻟﻮﺫﺝ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﳉﻮﻫﺮﻱ.
ﻭﻳﻬﺒﻂ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ:
ﺑٔﺎﻟِﻲ ﺑٕﺮْﻏٓﻞ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑـﲔ ))ﭘٔﺎﻟﻮﺩۤﻩ(( :ﺍﻟﻌﺼﲑ ،ﺍﳌﺼﻔﻰ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻟﻮﺫﺝ.
ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﺑﻦ ﳏﺐّ ﻭﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﳊﻲّ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ ))ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ(( :ﭘﺎﻟﻮﺯﻩ
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺑﻌﺴﻞ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳـﻜﺘﺒﻮﻫﺎ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻮﺯﻩ.
))ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﻏﻞ(( ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻓﻬﻮ ))ﺍﳍُﻼﻡ((.
ﺑٔﺎﻟﻴۤﻪ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BALLET :ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺺ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘﺎﻟﻮﺩَﻩ ﻭﭘﺎﻟﻮﺯﻩ.
ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﳝﺜﻠﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺴﺮﺣﻴﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓْﺮٓﺯُﻭﺯﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ:
ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ. ﻓْﺮٓﺯﻭﺯَﺍ :ﺍﳋﺒﻴﺼﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻴﺪﺓ.
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ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺩﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺭ ﻣﻮﻟﻌﻮﻥ ﺟﺪﺍً ﺑﺄﻛﻠﻬﺎ ،ﺣﱴ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮ ﺭﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ۱٩
ﻟـﻴﺄﻛﻠﻮﺎ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻮﻉ ،ﻭﻳـﺘﻔﻨﻨﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮ ﺑﺈﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،ﰒ ﺑﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺔ ﰲ ﺭﻭﺳﻴﺔ.
ﻋـﻤﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ :ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﻥ ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻋـﺸﺎﻧﺎ
ﻗﺮﻭﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺘﺔ ﻗﺮﻭﻥ. ﺑﺎﻣۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻣﻴۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻣﻴﺎۤ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻣﻴَﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺧﻀﺎﺭ
ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻴﺎﻓﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ. ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ،ﲦﺮﻩ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻗﺮﻥ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺟﻴﻮﺏ ﻓـﻴﻬﺎ
ﺍﻧـﻈـﺮ ﺍﳌـﻘﺘﻄـﻒ :ﺱ ۱٤ﺹ ،٤٦۰ﻭﳎـﻠﺔ ﺍﻟـﻀـﺎﺩ :ﺱ۱٦ ﺑـﺬﻭﺭ ﻛﺮﻭﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻫـﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﳋـﺒّﺎﺯﻳﺔ،
ﺹ .۲۰٤ ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻮﻃﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ :ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﺴﻠﻢ ﱄ ﻫﺎﻟﻘﺎﻣﺔ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳋﻤﺲ ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ
ﻋﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻣۤﺔ ،ﰲ ﺑﺎﻣۤﺔ ﻭﰲ ﲬﺎﻣۤﺔ. ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻻ :ﻳﺎﻣﺮﺍ :ﺍﻃﺒﺨﻲ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﻭﺟﺪﺕ ﺭﺳﻮﻣﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺪ ﻗﺪﺍﻣﻰ
– ﻳﻲ ،ﻳﺒﻮّﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﲔ.
– ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻭﻱ ﻟْﻨﺎ ﳊﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻥ. ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﺍﻷﺩﱏ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﻥ،
– ﻳﻀﺮﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻢ ﻭﻋﺮﻓﺘﻬﺎ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ.
– ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺵ ﻣﻨّﺎ ﻧﺎﻛﻞ؟ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﻣۤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﻣْﻴَﻪ ﻋﻦ
– ﻛﻨّﻲ ﻧﺴﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﺍﺕ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻷٔﻏٔﻮﺍﺕ، ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،BAMIA :ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ.BAMIES :
ﻭﻧﺴﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻜٕﺒَﺐ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﱄ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺗﺐ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﻣْﻴَﻪ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ: ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.BAMIA :
ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻀﺎﺭ ﲨﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻠﺤﻮﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ.BAMMIA :
ﻣﻨﻪ ) :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺶ( ﻛﻤﺤﺸﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻉ ﰒ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻣﻲ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ.BAMIA :
ﻭﻟﻪ :ﻭﺑﺎﻣﺘﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﻠﻴﻬﺎ... ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ ))ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ(( :ﺑﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﺎﻣﺔ.
ﻭﻟﻪ :ﻭﺑﱪﻏﻞ ﺩﻓﻨﻮﻩ ) :ﺩﻓﻨﻮﺍ ﳊﻢ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﻑ( ﻣﻊ ﺭﺯّ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺮﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺗﻪ ))ﺑﺎﻣِﻲ((.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻱّ ﻭﺑﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﰊ ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺎﺭ.
ﻭﻟﻪ :ﻭﺑﺎﻣﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﻟﻮﺑﺘﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻴّﺔ ﻭﻳﻴﺒﺴﻮﺎ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻟﻠﺸﺘﺎﺀ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﻨﻈﻤﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ
ﺧﻴﻂ.
ﻭﻟﻪ :ﺷﻮﻗﻲ ﳕﺎ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﻣۤﻲ. ﻭﺗﻄﺒﺦ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﲝﻤﺾ ﺍﳊﺼﺮﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻄﺒﺦ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻘَﺮﻉ.
ﺷﻔﺎ ﺃﺳﻘﺎﻣﻲ ﻭﻟﻪ :ﺻﺤﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻣﻲ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻃﺒﺨﺖ ﺩﻭﻥ ﲪﺾ ﲰﻮﻫﺎ ))ﻭﻳۤﻜﻴۤﺔ((.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
))ﺑﺎﻣۤﻪ(( ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ(( ﺗﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
ﻭ ))ﺣٕﺼﺮٓﻡ(( ﺑﲔ ﻣﺘﻬﻜﻤﲔ ،ﻭﳍﺎ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ. ﻭﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺯﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻵﻥ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ :ﺑﺎﻣﺔ
ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺯﻥ.
ﺑﺎﻥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻥ ﻳﺒﲔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﻭ ...ﺍﺗّﻀﺢ
ﻭﺗﻠﻘﺒﻬﺎ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﻋﺠﻮﺯﺓ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﺦ ﻭﺧﺎﺳﻮﺳﺔ
ﻭﻇﻬﺮ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﺑﻴﱢﻦ ﻭﺑﺎﻳِﻦ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ.
ﺍﳌﻄﺒﺦ.
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ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺃﻟﺘﻮﳒﻲ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻢ ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﻪ :ﺑَﺒﺎﻥ ﺑٕـﻨﺒﺎﻥ )ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺬﻫﱯ(( :ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﻭﺑﺎﳎﺎﻥ. ﻣـﻨﺒﺎﻥ( ﺑـﺘٕﻨﺒﺎﻥ ﺑﺘﻨﺒﺎﱐ ﺑﺘﻨﺒﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺑﺒﺎﻥ )ﺃﻭ ﺑـﻴﺒﺎﻥ(
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ :ﺍﻟـﺒﻮﺩِﳒﺎﻝ، ﺑﺘﺒﺎﻥ ﺑْﺒﺎﻧﻮﺍ )ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﻨﺒﺎﻧﻮﺍ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﲔ ﻭﺗﺒﲔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﺍﻟﱪﳒﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩِﳒﺎﻝ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺻـﺎﺭ ﻟﻮ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟـﻘﻤﺮ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺗﻨﺠﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻥ.
ﺑﺎﺩﳒﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﺩﳒﺎٔﻥ ﺃﻭ ﭘﺎﻃﻠﻴﺠﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﻜﺮﺍ ﺑﺪﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﺞ ﻭﺑﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺮﺝ،
ﭘﺎﺗﻠﻴﺠﺎﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﺩِﻧﮕﺎٔﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺑٔﺎﺗﻨﮕﺎﻥ. ﺍﺑـﻦ ﺍﳊـﻼﻝ ﻋَﻨﺪ ﺫﻛﺮﻭ ﺑﺒﺎﻥ ،ﺍﻟﺪﻫﺐ ﻋـﺎﶈـﻚّ
ﻭﺣﱴ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﺗﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﺒﺎﻥ ،ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺤﺐ ﺑﺘﺒﺎﻥ.
))ﻣﺪﺭﺍﺱ(( ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻳﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺑﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻳﻨﺒﺖ ﻓـﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺫﳒﺎﻥ
ﺑﺮﻳﺎً. ] ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻳـﺎ ﺣـﻮﺍﺟﺒﻮٓ!
ﺃﻣـﺎ ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﺏ ﻓﻌﺮﻓﻮﻩ ﻭﲰﻮﻩ :ﺍﳊَـﺬَﻕ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻴﻮﻧﻮ! ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻋﺎﳌﺨﺘﺴﻞ ﺑﺒﺎﻥ.
)ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊَـﺪَﻕ( ﻭﺍﻟـﻘَﻬْﻘَﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻜَﻬْﻜَﺐ ﻭﺍﳌَـﻐْﺪ ﺍﻟﺒَﺎﻥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺷﺠﺮ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﻷﻓﻨﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﻋﻤﻬﺎ،
ﻭﺍﻟﻮَﻏﺪ ﻭﺍﻷَﻧَﺐ ﻭﺍﳊَﻴْﺼَﻞ. ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﻗﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﳋﺸﺒﻪ
ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺀ ﻻ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺀ(( ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻧـﻘﻠﻮﻩ ﺻﻼﺑﺔ.
ﺇﱃ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﭘﺎ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺮﻱ :ﻭﻻﺳﺘﻮﺍﺀ ﻧﺒﺎﺎ ﻭﻧـﺒﺎﺕ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﲰﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺃﻓﻨﺎﺎ ﻭﻃﻮﳍﺎ ﻭﻧﻌﻮﻣﺘﻬﺎ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﳉﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻋﻤﺔ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.AUBERGINE : ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﻬﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻄﺎﻁ )ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ :ﺣـﺴﻦ
ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BERENGENA : ﺍﻟـﻘﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻋـﺘﺪﺍﳍﺎ( ﺎ ،ﻓﻘﻴﻞ :ﻛـﺄﺎ ﺑـﺎﻧﺔ،
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﺟٔﺎﻥ. ﻭﻛﺄﺎ ﻏﺼﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻥ.
ﻭﻳﺄﻛﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﻠﻴﺎً ﻭﳏﺸﻴﺎً ﻭﻣﺮﺑﺒﺎً ﻭﻣﺴﻘﻌﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﻭﳐﺸﺨﺸﺎً ﻭﳐﻠﻼً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺩﰲ. ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺤﻠﺔ ﺳﻮٓﺳﺤﺘﻴﲏ ،ﻳﺎ ﻏﺼﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻥ!
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﻳﺘﺤﻠّﻮﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺒﺴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮّﺓ ﺑﺎﻗﺔ ﺭﳛﺎﻥ
ﺑﺎﳉﺒﺲ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺗﻨﺠﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺩﳒﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﻣﺴﻘﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﻭﺑﻌﺒّﺎ ﳏﺸﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ: ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺫِﳒﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺩِﳒـﺎﻥ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳋـﻀﺎﺭ ﺫﺍﺕ
ﺣﺐّ ﺍﻟﻌﺐّ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟـﺜﻤﺮ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻄﻴﻞ ،ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﳊـﺎﺭﺓ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻧﻮﻋﺎﻥ: ﺁﺳﻴـﺔ ﻭﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺩﺧﻞ ﺑـﻼﺩﻧﺎ
ﻣﻦ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ.
–ً ١ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻧۤﺔ ﻭﺑﺎﳒﺎﻧﺎﻱ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﳒﻲ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺐ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻟﻪ: ﻭﺑﺎﳒﺎﻧﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺗﻨﺠﺎﻧﺔ ...ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺩﳒﺎﻧﺔ..
))ﻓﺮﻧﻚ ﺑﺎﻃﻠﻴﺠﺎﱐ(( –ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻼﻣﻌﺎﺕ–.
ﻭﺭﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ ))ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ((:
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﻛﻤﺎﻳۤﺔ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻥ!. ﺑﺎﺩﳒﺎﻥ ﻭﺑﺪﳒﺎﻥ.
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ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ: –ً ٢ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺩﰲ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﺏ
ﻭﺑﺎﺫﳒﺎﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻱ ﻭﺷﺎﻣﻲ. ﲝﻤﺮﺓ ،ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﺗـﺎﺩﻑ :ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﺏ،
ﻭﰲ ))ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩﻱ(( ﺹ ۱۰۰ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺰﺭﻋﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺰﺭﻋﻪ.
...:ﻓﻘﻠﻨﺎ :ﺇﻧﻪ ﻳُﺤﺸﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺤﻢ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﻟﻮ ﺣﺸﻲ
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﻮﻯ ﻭﺍﳌﻐﻔﺮﺓ ﳌﺎ ﺃﻓﻠﺢ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﻤﺎﻳۤﺔ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎۤﺩﰲ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﻳﺎﻢ :ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻳﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺩﺭﻭﺏ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﺗﺎﻛﻞ ﺭﺯ ﻭﺑﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﲪﺮ.
ﺭﻭ ﺳﺘّﺮ )ﺳﺎﻗﻚ( ﻫﺎﻟﻌﺮﻳﺎﻥ ،ﻋﻢ ﺑﻘﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻭﳚﻠﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ
ﻋـﺎﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ )ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ( ،ﻛـﱪۤﺕ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻤﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻧۤﺔ ﻭﺩﻟّﺖ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺻﺎ ،ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺖ ﻣـﺎﻧـﺎﻗﺼﻮ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ.
ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻧۤﺔ ،ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﻧﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻧۤﺔ ﻫﻠّٔﻖ ﻃﻔﺤۤﺖ ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﺰﺍﻋﻢ ﰲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
ﻭﺻﺎﺭۤﺕ ﻣﻼﻧۤﺔ. –ً ١ﺃﻥ ))ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻥ(( ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ :ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺟـ ۱۱ﺹ .٤٣ ))ﺑﺎﻥ(( :ﻇـﻬﺮ ،ﻭ))ﺟﺎﻥ(( :ﺍﳉـﺎﻥ :ﺍﻷﺭﻭﺍﺡ
ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ ،ﻳﺆﻳﺪﻩ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﳉـﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﺩ ،ﻭﻳـﺆﻳﺪﻩ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻧۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻫﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺟﺎﺀﺕ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﺕ. ]ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺘﻬﻢ[ :ﺑـﺰّﺭ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ .ﻭﻗـﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﲎ
ﺑﺎﻧﺰﻳﻦ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﱰﻳﻦ. ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻳﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﺠﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﻴﻆ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳـﻨﻔﺠﺮ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺮﻛﻨﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﻪ :ﺗﻨﻔﻠﻖ ﻗﺸﺮﺗﻪ ﻭﻳﻨﺘﺜﺮ
ﺑٔﺎﻧۤﺺ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺰﺭ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﻧﺼﺎٓ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﻖ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ –ً ٢ﺃﻧﻪ ﳏﺮﻑ ﻋﻦ ))ﺑﻴﺾ ﺭْﺟﺎﻝ(( ،ﻭﺬﺍ
ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .۱٨٤ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻳﺪﻋﻰ ﰲ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻋْﻨٕﺰۤﻩ.
–ً ٣ﺃﻧﻪ ﳏﺮﻑ ﻋﻦ ))ﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﳉﺎﻥ((.
ﺑٔـﺎﻧٕﺼﺮٔﻩ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟـﺐ، –ً ٤ﺃﻧﻪ ﳏﺮﻑ ))ﺑَﺮْﺟﻦ(( ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﺗﻠﻔﻆ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﻧﺼﺮﺍٓ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺑَﺮْﮔﻦ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﺃﻱ :ﳏﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.۱٨٤ –ً ٥ﺃﻧﻪ ﳏﺮﻑ ))ﺑﺎﺩْﻧِﮕﺎﻥ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ)) :ﺑﺎﻧﺼﺮﺍ(( ﻭﻗﺎﻝ: ﻣﻨﻘﺎﺭ ﺍﳉﺎﻥ.
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻧﻴﻢ) .ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ.(٧٩ ﻭﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻧﲔ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻧۤﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﭽﻜﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺫﻛﺮﻭﺍ ﺍﻟـﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ
ﺑٔﺎﻧﻄﻠﻮﻥ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ. ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑـﻮﭺ ﺇﺑﻠﻴﺲ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻮﭺ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ،ﻣـﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ
ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳﻪ: ﺇﺫﺍ ﺫﻛﺮﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ ،ﻛﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺩ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺷﺆﻡ.
ﺳﻮﻕ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭ ﰲ ﳏﻠﺔ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ ،ﻫﺪﻣﺖ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺑﺘّﺎﻛﻞ ﱐّ
ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻗﺴﻤﺎً ﻛﺒﲑﺍً ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﻨﺖ ﺳﻮﻗﺎً ﺟـﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻭﻣﺸﻮﻱ ﻭﻣﻘﻠﻲ ﻭﻣﻄﺒﻮﺥ ،ﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﻝ.
ﳏﻠﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﻏﻨﻮﺝ.
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))ﺑﻴﺖ(( :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﺐ(( ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﺻـﻮﺍﺑﻪ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻫﺪﻣﺘﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﲏ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﻨﺔ
ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺷﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ۱٦٨٥ﺇﺛﺮ ﺣﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺍﳊﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻏﻲ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﱂ ﳝﺴﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺬﺍ ﻭﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺒﻞ
ﺍﳊﺬﻑ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﺗﺴﻠﻤﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﳏـﺬﻭﻓﺔ، ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺧﻢ ﺳﻮﺭ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﱄ ،ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﺮﺽ
ﻭﻟﻔﻈﻮﻫﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺴﻠﻤﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﻜﻞ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺔ. ﺳﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﺟﻴﺸﻪ ﻟﻐﺰﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ.
ﺍﳌـﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ(( ﻭﳌﺎ ﺳُﻤﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻬﺪ
ﺟـ ۲ﺹ :٣٣٧– ٣٣٤ﻓﺈﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻏﲑ ﺳـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﺧـﺘﺮﺍﻉ ﺍﳌـﺪﻓﻊ ﺑﲏ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳉﺒﻞ ﺳﻮﻗﺎً ﻭﲰـﻮﻩ
ﻓـﺎﻷَﻭﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺎً ﳏﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﲔ ))ﺳﻮﻕ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ(( ،ﻭﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻳـﻌﺪّ ﺳﻮﻗﺎً ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺎً
ﳘﺎ)) :ﺑﻴﻚ ﻗﻮﺯﻩ(( )ﺗﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﻧﻮﻧﺎً( ﻭﻣـﻌﲎ ﳝﻮّﻥ ﺩﻛﺎﻛﲔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﺎﳋﻀﺎﺭ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻛﺴﻮﻕ ﺑﺎﺏ
ﺍﻷﻭﻟـﻰ)) :ﺃَﻟْـﻒ(( ،ﻭﺍﻟـﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ))ﺟَـﻮْﺯَﺓ(( ﺃﻱ: ﺍﳉﻨﺎﻥ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﻭﻛﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﳍﺎﻝ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎً.
ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺟﻮﺯ. ﰲ ﺑﺎﻧـﻘﻮﺳﺎ. ﺍﻧـﻈﺮ ﳎـﻠﺔ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ :ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺥ
ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴَﻤﺖ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﻌﻤﲑﻩ ﻭﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﻄﻠﺲ :ﺹ.۱٦٦
ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﺎً ﻳﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺟﻮﺯ ،ﺃﻭ ﻳـﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﰲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﳎﺮّﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ. ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ :ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ)) :ﺑﻴﺖ
ﻭﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺖ ﻋُﺮِﻑ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻧٓﻘﻮﺷﺎٓ(( ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﻮﺱ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟـﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ
ﰲ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺑﲏ ﻃﻮﻟﻮﻥ ،ﺇﺫ ﺇﻢ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻗﻮﻡ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳـﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺟـﺒﻞ
ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻮﺍ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺘﺤﻬﺎ ،ﻳـﺆﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻌﺒﺪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ،ﻭﻣﻦ
ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻔﻈﺔ ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﱂ ﻧﺮَﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﻨﻈﻢ ﻃﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺰﻧﻄﻴﲔ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﺩﻳﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟـﻮﻋﺮﺓ
ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺜﺮ ﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺘﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻭﰲ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻝ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺮﻗﺖ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﺮﺍﺑﺎﺕ ))ﻣﻌﺮﺓﻣﺼﺮﻳﻦ(( ﺩﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﺰﻧﻄﻲ
)ﻭﻳﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ( :ﻭﳑﺎ ﻳﺆﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣـﺘﻬﺪﻡ ﺍﲰﻪ ))ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺗﺎ(( :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ،ﻭﻗـﺪ
ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻈﺔ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﳏﻼﺕ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﳉﻬﺔ ﺯﺭﺗﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺔ.
ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻣﺜﻞ :ﻗٔﺮﻟۤﻖ ،ﻭﻗٔﺰٔﻟْﻴَﻪ ،ﻭﺗـﺎﺗـﺎﺭﻟﺮ، ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ(( ﺟـ ۲ﺹ :٣٣٦ﻭﺇﻥ
ﻭﺟﻘﻮﺭﺟﻖ ،ﻭﺻﺎﺟﻠﻴﺨﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻤﻴﺼﺎﺗﻴﺔ. ﻛـﺎﻧﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻈﺔ )ﺃﻱ :ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ( ﻏﲑ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ –
ﺃﻗﻮﻝ :ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺃﻃـﻠﻘﺖ ﰲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ– ﻓﺎﻷﻭﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺳـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ،
ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﲔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻉ ﺍﳌﺪﻓﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﻧﻘﻮﺷﺎ ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﻮﺱ ،ﻓﺤﺬﻓﺖ
ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻋﻬﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺑﲏ ﻃﻮﻟﻮﻥ. ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻴﺖ(( :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟـﺘﻌﺮﻳﺐ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻛﺒﺤﺴﻴﺘﺎ ﻭﺑﺎﺻﻔﺮﻩ ،ﻭﻗﻠﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﲔ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺥ ﰲ :ﺇﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ ﺟـ ٦ﺹ:۱۰۲
(( )) ﺳـﻴﻨﺎً :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﻛـﻘﻨﺴﺮﻳﻦ،
ﻭﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﻭﺟـﺪﺗﻪ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟـﺘﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ ﻣـﺎ ﻳـﻔﻴـﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻓـﺼﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳﺎ ،ﻓﺎﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺃﺎ ﻛـﺎﻧﺖ ﻣـﻮﺿﻊ
ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﳌـﻜﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺧـﺎﻟﻴﺎً ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﺑـﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻣـﻨﺘﺰﻫﺎً ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺱ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺳﻜﲎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻥ.
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﻣﺘﱰﻫﺎً( ...ﻭﻓـﻲ ﺁﺧـﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟـﺜﺎﱐ ﻣـﻦ
))ﺍﻟﺪﺭّ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺨﺐ(( ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﺑـﻦ ﺍﳋﻄﻴﺐ ﺍﳌـﺘﻮﰱ ﺳـﻨﺔ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ :ﻗﻮﻟﻪ)) :ﻓﺤﺬﻓﺖ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ
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ﺟـ ٦ﺹ :۱۰۱ﺃﻣﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟـﻀﺮﻳﺢ :٨٤٣ﻭﻛـﺎﻧﺖ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ
ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﲰـﻪ ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﲝﻴﺚ ﺳُﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﶈـﻠﺔ ﺑـﺎﲰﻪ، ﺑﺎﻧـﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﺃﺷﺠﺎﺭﺍً ﻛـﺜﲑﺓ .ﰒ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃﺧـﱪﱐ ﺍﳊـﺎﺝ
ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﺃﺧﱪ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻣﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﺎﱐ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺎﺭﻭﻕ ﺑﻦ ﺁﺷـﻮﺩ– ..ﻭﻛـﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌـﻌﻤﺮﻳﻦ– ﺃﻧـﻪ
ﺍﻷﻣـﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻘﺔ ،ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺫﺭّ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻋُﻤّﺮ ﺍﳉـﺎﻣﻊ ﺃﺩﺭﻙ ﰲ ﺑـﻴﺖ ﻭﺍﻟـﺪﻩ ﳎﻠﺴﺎً ﻣـﺴﻘﻮﻓﺎً ﺑﺎﳋـﺸﺐ،
ﰲ ﺯﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻭ ﻗُﺒﻴﻞ ﺯﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﺰﺩ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻩ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ :ﻳﺎﻳﺎﺭﻭﻕ! ﺳﻘﻒ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍـﻠﺲ
ﰲ ﺍﻟـﻜﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﳑﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻭﳑﺎ ﺳـﻴﺄﰐ ﻣﻦ ﳐـﺸﺒﺔ ﺑـﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ...ﻭﺑﻘﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻭﺍﺧﺮ
ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻴﺖ ﺷـﺮﻗﻲّ ﺍﻟـﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟـﺴﺎﺑﻊ ،ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺃ ﺍﻟـﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﻟـﻰ ﺃﻥ
ﻗﺒﻠﻴّﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﺑـﻦ ﺻـﺎﺭﺕ ﳏﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺑـﻞ ﺑﻠﺪﺓ ﻛـﺒﲑﺓ ،ﻭﺍﺗـﺼﻠﺖ
ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﰱ ﺳﻨﺔ ٨٩۰ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻪ ))ﻧﺰﻫﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻇﺮ((، ﺑﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﺑﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﺓ.
ﻭﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﺰﻉ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺗﺎﺭﳜـًﺎ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ :ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻣـﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ
ﺁﺧﺮ ﻭﲰﺎﻩ ))ﺍﻟﺪﺭّ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺨﺐ(( ،ﻣﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﺹ:۲۱
ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﻗﺪ ﺍﻋﺘﲎ ﺑﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺰﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺱ ﻏﺪﺍ ﻣﺮﻣﻮﺳﺎ
ﺣﻮﳍﺎ ﺃﺷﺪّ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﻮﻥ ﻣـﻦ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳﺎ
ﺍﳌﺆﺭﺧﲔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﳍﺮﻭﻱ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ))ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺇﱃ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰّﻱ ﰲ :ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ ﺟـ ۲ﺹ:٣٣٧ – ٣٣٤
(( ))
ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭﺍﺕ(( ،ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﱘ ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﻭﻏﲑﳘـﺎ ﰲ ﺷَـﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟـﺮﻭﺍﻕ ﺍﻟـﻐﺮﰊّ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟـﺼـﺤﻦ
ﻓـﺈﻧّﺎ ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﺃﺣﺪﺍً ﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻧﺒﻴّﺎً ﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳـﺎ ) :ﺻﺤﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ( ﻗﱪ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓـﻮﻕ
ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺪﻓﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ. ﺳﻨﺎﻣﻪ)) :ﻳﺎ ﺣﻀﺮﺓ ﻧﱯ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﺍﳌـﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰّﻱ ﰲ :ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ :
(( )) ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ(( ،ﻗﺪ ﺃﺧﱪ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟـﻌﻼﻣﺔ
ﺟـ ۲ﺹ :٣٣٤ﻭﻳﺰﻋﻢ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﶈﺪّﺙ ﺍﻟﺮّﺑﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻣﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﺎﱐ :ﺷﺎﺭﺡ
))ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ(( ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ))ﺑﺎﻥَ ﻗـﻮﺳُﻬﺎ(( ﺃﻱ :ﻇـﻬﺮ ))ﺍﻹﺣﻴﺎﺀ(( ﻭ))ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ((.
ﻗـﻮﺳُﻬﺎ ،ﻭﳛﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﱂ ﻧـﺮَﻫﺎ ﰲ )ﻭﻳﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ( :ﻻ ﺃﺩﺭﻱ ﺃﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﻝ
ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﻻ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ. ﻣﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﻧﱯ ،ﻭﻻ ﻧـﻌﻠﻢ
ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟـﻄﺒـﺎﺥ ﻓـﻲ :ﺍﻹﻋـﻼﻡ ﺟـ ٦
(( )) ﻧـﺒﻴﺎً ﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳﺎ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺭﺍﺟـﻌﺖ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟـﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ((
ﺹ ۱۰۲ﻭ :۱۰٣ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﻋﺮﻕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﺒﻪ ﰲ ))ﺑﻨﺎﻗﻴﺲ(( ،ﻓﺮﺃﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﺡ ﻗﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺪﺭﻙ
ﺍﻟـﻌﻮﺍﻡ :ﺇﻥ ))ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ(( ﺃﺻﻠﻪ :ﺑﺎﻥ ﻗـﻮﺳﻬﺎ، ﻋـﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﲑﻭﺯﺑﺎﺩﻱ ))ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ(( ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﻫﻮ ﺟـﺒﻞ
ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﻻﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﺎﻣﻨﺔ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﺃﻧﺸﺪ ﺃﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺘﺮﻱ:
ﺍﻟﺼﺨﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﺏ ،ﰒ ﺭﻓﻌﺖ ﺭﺃﺳﻬﺎ – ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﻛﻞﱡ ﻣﻠﺚﱢ ﺍﻟﻘَﻄﺮ ﺭﺟّﺎﺱِ
ﻭﻛـﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﻨﻜﺒﺔ ﻗﻮﺳﻬﺎ – ﻓـﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ :ﺑﺎﻥ ...ﻓﻠﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻣﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﺄﻥ
ﻗﻮﺳﻬﺎ ،ﰒ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻒ ﻓﺼﺎﺭﺕ ﺑـﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ، ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻧﱯ ﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﳍﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺃَﻭﱃ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ
ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻭﻻ ﺭﻳﺐ ﻣﻦ ﳐﺘﺮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻡ. ﺑﻐﲑ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ،ﻷﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳚﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺪﺭﺍﻛﺎً ﻋـﻠﻰ
ﺍﳌـﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ :ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟـﻐﺰﻱ ﰲ: ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ))ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ(( :ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﺮﺕ ﻋﺎﺩﺗﻪ.
ﺍﻟـﻨﻬﺮ ﺟـ ۲ﺹ :٣٣٧ – ٣٣٤ﻭﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﻳـﻈﻬﺮ ﻟـﻲ (( ))
ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻈﺔ – ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ– ﻓﻬﻲ ﻣـﺄﺧﻮﺫﺓ ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻟـﻄﺒﺎﺥ ﰲ :ﺇﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ :
(( ))
٤٨
ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺱ ﺑﻠﻔﻈﺔ BACHUSﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺧﻮﺱ :ﺇﻟﻪ ﺍﳋﻤﺮﺓ، ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻨﺎﻗﻴﺲ(( ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻃﻠﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ،
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺋﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﶈﻠﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ، ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻩ ﺑُﻨﻘﻮﺱ )) :ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻢ ،ﻭﺑﻨﺎﻗﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺛـﻮﺙ((:
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺲ ﺑﺎﺧﻮﺱ :ﺭﻓﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺲ ﺳﺮﺟﻴﻮﺱ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺻﻐﲑ ﻳﻨﺒﺖ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺃﻭﻝَ ﻣﺎ ﻳُﺮَﻯ –ﻛـﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺷﻴﺪﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﲰﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﻓﺔ ﺳﺮﺟﻴٓﻮﺑﻮٓﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻣﺮﺗﻀﻰ– )ﻭﻳﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺥ( :ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻥ
ﺷﺮﻗﻲ ﺣﻠﺐ. ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﺟﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﺪﻳﺮ ﻳﺘﺮﺍﺀﻯ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣـﻠﺐ
ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺗﻮﺗﻞ ﻳﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺟﺒﺎﳍﺎ ،ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﺷـﺠﺎﺭﻩ
ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻪ :ﻭﺍﻷﺻَﺢّ ﻣﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺇﺳـﺤﻖ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﳐﺸﺒﺔ ﳊﻠﺐ –ﻛﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ
ﺗﺄﻭﻳﻼً ﻟﺒﻨﻘﻮﺱ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﻧْﻘٓﺴﺎٓ) :ﺑﺎﻟﺴﲔ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(، ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ))ﻛﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ(( ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﻣـﻌﻨﺎﻩ :ﺍﳌﺴﻠﺦ ،ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺬﺑﺢ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ،ﻭﻣـﻦ ﺃﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺘﺮﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨﻮﺑﺮﻱ ﻭﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺆﺭﺧﲔ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ
ﺍﳌـﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﺦ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺇﱃ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻏﲑ ﺑـﻌﻴﺪ ﺗﻜﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ ﺑﲔ ﺳﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ
ﻣﻨﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺟﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳﺎ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺑﱪﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﺦ(. ﻭﻛﺎﻓﻮﺭ ﺍﻹﺧﺸﻴﺪﻱ ،ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻓﻮﺭ ﻳـﻘﻄﻊ
ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﳊﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺸﺮ :ﺣﺪﺛﲏ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﺷﺠﺮ ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳﺎ.
ﺍﻟـﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﻮﺭﺝ ﺻﺒﺎﻍ ﻋﻀﻮ ﲨﻌﻴﺘﻨﺎ ))ﺍﻟـﻌﺎﺩﻳﺎﺕ((:
ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﶈﺘﻤﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎPENTECÔTE : ﺍﳌـﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ :ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﰲ:
ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻫـﻮ PENTECOSTE :ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ :ﺟـ ۲ﺹ ٣٣٦ﻭ :٣٣٧ﻭﺯﻋﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻔﻈﺔ
(( ))
))ﺍﻷﻛﺴﺎﻥ(( ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟـ)) ،((Oﻭﻣﻌﲎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺑﻨﻘﻮﺳﺎ(( ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﳏﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻦ ))ﺑﻴﻚ ﮔﻮﺯ(( )ﺗـﻘﺮﺃ
ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻋﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ. ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﻧﻮﻧﺎً( ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻟﻒ ﻋﲔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺃﻟﻒ ﻏﺮﻓﺔ.
ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ: ﺍﳌـﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ :ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰّﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ :
(( ))
ﺳﻘﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺑﺎﻧَﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻴَﺎ ﺟـ ۲ﺹ ٣٣٦ﻭ) :٣٣٧ﺃﻧـﻬﺎ ﲢـﺮﻳﻒ( ))ﺑـﻴﻚ
ﲰﺎﺀً ﻳُﺮﻭّﻱ ﺗُﺮﺑَﻪ ﻭﻳﺼﻴﺐُ ﻗَـﻮْﺱ(( )ﺗﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﻧﻮﻧﺎً( ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻟﻒ ﻗـﻨﻄﺮﺓ،
ﻭﺣﻴّﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻗـﻮﻣﺎً ﻛـﺮﺍﻣﺎً ﺃﻋـﺰّﺓً ﻭﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ،ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳـﻮﺟﺪ ﰲ
ﻋﻠﻲﱠ ﻭﺫﻛﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺇﱄﱠ ﺣﺒﻴﺐُ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﶈﻠﺔ ﻋﲔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻓﻀﻼً ﻋﻦ ﺃﻟـﻒ ،ﻭﻷﻥ
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻮﺑﺮﻱ: ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ
ﻫَﻰ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﻫِﻲ ﺣﲔ ﺑﺎﻫَﻰ ﺑﺎﻧَﻘُﻮﺳﺎﻫﺎ ﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﶈﻠﺔ ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗـﻌﻤﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺫﻟـﻚ ﰲ
ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻋﻠﻤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﻣـﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ: ﺑﺎﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺑﲏ ﻃﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ
ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺘﺮﻱ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ.
ﺳﺤﺒۤﺖ ﻋﻠﻲﱠ ﻣـﻮﺳﺎ ﺷﻮﻓﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﺎٔﱐ ﺑﺒﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺗﻮﺗﻞ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺔ
ﺗﺸﺮﻛَﻠﺖ ﺍﻧﺎ ﻭﺣﺼﺎﱐ ﻣﺎﻃﻠﺖ ﺍﻧﺎ ﻻﺑﻮﺳـﺎ ))ﻣـﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ(( ﺹ :۲۱ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳـﺬﻛﱢﺮ
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ﺑـﺎۤﻫۤﺖ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺻﺒﻐﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ،ﳎـﺎﺯ ]ﻣﻦ ﳓﺘﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﺎ ﺩﺑﺮ ﻣﻲّ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ! )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻣـﻦ ﺑَـﻬَﺖ ﺍﻟـﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﻴّﺮ ،ﻭﻋـﺮﺑﻴّﻪ :ﻧـﺎﻓِﺾ، ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺲ ﺭﻣّﺎﻥ ﺑﺒﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ(.
ﻣﻦ ﻧَﻔَﺾ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏُ ﻭﺍﻟﺼِﺒﻎ ﺫﻫﺐ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻟَﻮﻧﻪ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺇﻻ
ﺍﻟـﺒَﺎﻫۤﻆ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺳﻌﺎﺭﻙ ﺑـﺎﻫْﻈٔﺔ: ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ،ﺳﺄﻝ ﺑﺪﻭﻱ ﺁﺧﺮ :ﺃﻳﻦ ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ؟
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﳎﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻬَﻈﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺛـﻘُﻞ ﻋـﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺟﺎﺏ :ﻏﺮﰊ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ.
ﻭﻏـﻠﺒﻪ ،ﻭﻣـﺜﻠﻪ :ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﺑﺎﻫﻈﺔ :ﲨـﻊ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ۱۱ﺹ.۱۱۲
ﻣﺼﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺎﻫﻆ. ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳَﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﻧﻘﻮﺷﺎۤ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻗﻴﺲ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺎﻫۤﻢ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻹﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻛـﱪ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﻪ ﰲ:
ﺃﺻﺒﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘَﺪَﻡ. ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.۱٨٤
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﳏﻠﺔ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑٓﻬۤﻦْ. ﺍﳉﺮﺱ) .ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ.(٧۲
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻫِﻲ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣـﻦ ـﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳِﻲ :ﺻﺎﺩﻕ ﺑﻦ ﺻﺎﱀ ﺍﳊـﻠﱯ،
ﻭﺑَـﻬِﻲَ ﻭ ﺑَﻬُﻮَ ﺎﺀً :ﺣﺴُﻦ ﻭﻇﺮُﻑ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﻟـﺒﻬﻲّ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ۱۲۰٣ﻫ.
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻴّﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻫﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻫﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳِﻲ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻦ ﺻﺎﱀ ﺍﳊـﻠﱯ،
ﻭﲰﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺟﺎﺭﻭﻫﻢ. ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺎﺕ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ۱۱٩٩ﻫ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻣﲑ، ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﻧﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ،BANQUE :ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻐﲏّ ،ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ،ﻟﻘﺐ ﺷﺮﻑ. ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ :BANK :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ.
ﻭﻣﻨﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﱄ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺑﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﺑﺎٔﻧﻜﻮٓ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺃﺟﲑ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﮕﺎﺭﺳﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ۱۱ﻫ. ﻳـﻘﺒﺾ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻠﺔ :ﺑﺎﻧـﻜﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺗـﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻗﺒﺾ،
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺴﻴّﺪ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :BANCO :ﺃﻣﲔ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ.
ﺑﺎٔﻱ ﺑﺎٔﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ :BYE BYE :ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ
ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﺍﻉ. ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﻧﻴﻮٓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :BAGNOﻣﻐﺴﻞ
ﺑﺎﻱ ﲣﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟـﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ: ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ،ﺍﳌﺮﻛﻦ ﻳﻐﺘﺴﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺍﳌﻐﻄﺲ .ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍـﺎ
ﭘـﺎﻱ ﲣﺖ :ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ))ﭘﺎﻱ(( :ﺍﻟـﻘَﺪَﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﺍﳌِﺨﻀﺐ :ﺷﺒﻪ ﺇﺟّـﺎﻧﺔ ﺗﻐﺴﻞ
ﻭ))ﲣﺖ(( :ﺳﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ. ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ،ﻭﺭﲟﺎ ﻳﻐﺘﺴﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻳۤﺦ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺥ. ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼﺮ :ﺍﻷَﺑْﺰَﻥ )ﻣﺜﻠﺜﺔ
ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﳊﻮﺽ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺳﻲ
ﺑﺎٔﻱ ﺧﺎﺗﻮﻥ :ﻛﺎﺗﺒﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﻴﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻨﻘﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ(.
ﻭﻓﻀﻞ ،ﻣﺎﺗﺖ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺱ ٩٤۲ﻫ. ﺑَﺎﻫَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻫﺎﻩ :ﻓﺎﺧﺮﻩ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎٔﻳٕﻤﻠﻲ :ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ: ﺍﻟﺒﺎۤﻫۤﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻟٓـﻮﻥ ﻫـﺎﻟﻘﻤﺎﺷۤﺔ
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ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻨﺎﺩﻱ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺒّﻮ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺎﺭ ،ﻃﻠﻌۤﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺯﻱ ،ﺃﻱ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺯ ﻳﻐﺎﻳﺮ ﻟﻮﺎ ﻟﻮﻧﻪ
ﻃﻠّﻌﺖ ﺗﺸﻮﻑ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﻫﻴۤﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻧﮕﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ،ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳝﻠﻲ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﳝﻠﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﻧﻪ ﺇﱃ :ﺑﺎﻳﺮﺍﻣﻠﻲ.
-ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺒّﻮ ؟
-ﺃﺵ ﺑﺘﺮﻳﺪﻱ ﺃﻧﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺟﺮ ﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺎﻳۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﭘٔﺎﻳَﻪ(( :ﺍﻟﻘَﺪْﺭ،
)ﺃﻭ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ( ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺎﺭ! ﺍﻟﺮﺗﺒﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻲّ ،ﺍﳌﻨﺼﺐ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ:
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺒّـُﻮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻔﺘٓﻮ ﺑﺒٕﺒّﻮ ﻋﻴﲏ ،ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺑﺆ)ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ( :ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗٕﻘﻠۤﺖ ﺑٔﺎﻳﺘٓﻮ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﺒٓﺎ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑـَﺒـَﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻟﻮ ﺑٔﺎﻳۤﻪ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﻌﺰّۤﻝ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَـﺒَـﺎ. ﺍﻟﻜﺮۤﺍﻳۤﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﻔﺘﻮ ﺑـﺒﺒّﻮ ﻋﻴﲏ ﻫَﻲْ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺒّﺎٔﻅ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘﺎﭘﺎﺯ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﺍ ﺗﺎﻛﻼ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺩۤﺓ. ﭘﺎﭘﺎﺱ :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ :PA PAﺍﻷﺏ ،ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺮﻫﺒﺎﻥ ﻭﺭﺅﺳﺎﺀ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[: ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﰲ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪّﺓ.
ﻟﻮ ﻛٕﻨﺖ ﺗٕﻘﺒﻞ ﳊ ّﻄۤﻴﺘﻚ ﺑِﺒٕﺒﱡﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﺑٔـﺒٔـﻢْ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﺑٔﺎﻡ :ﺃﰊ.
ﻭﺑَـﻐﻠۤﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺍﳉﻔﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻠﺤﻘﻚ ﺿﻴۤﻤۤﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻫﺎﻱ ٔﺑٔﺒﻢ ﻫﺎﻱ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺃٕﻳﻨﺎ ﺷﻲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﲤﺪﺩ ﺑﺼﲑ ﻗﺪ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻫﺎﻱ.
ﺍﳌﻨّﻮٓ ﻭﻣﺮﺗﲔ ) :ﺑﺒّﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ(. ﺍﻟﺒٕـﺒﱡﻮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺑﻮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﺒٓﻮ:
ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ،ﺍﻟﺼﱯّ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺒّﻮٓﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻭﺍﭘﻮٓﺭ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ: ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ))ﺍﻟﺒَﺒّﺔ(( :ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ
،VAPEURﺃﻭ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،VAPORE :ﻋﻦ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﱯ.
ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ،ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ: ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﻧﺴﺘﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻲ ))ﺍﻟﺒَﺒّﺔ(( ﻋﻠﻰ
–ً ١ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻳّﺔ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺧﺮﺓ. ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﺻﻄﻨﻌﻬﺎ ﺃﺧﺼﺎﻡ ﻋﺒﺪ ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BÉBÉ :ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ،ﻷﻧﻪ
ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ ﻟﻠﻨﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻮﻛﺘﻪ: ﻳﺒﻐﻢ ﺑﺘﺼﻮﻳﺘﻪ ﺏ ﺏ ﺏ :ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻱ.
ﻭﺍﻷﻡ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺪﺍﻋﺐ ﺍﺑﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ:
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻴّۤﻢ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻭﺟﻴﺐ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﺮّﺓ ﺷﻲ ﻋﺠﻴﺐ ﺩﺑﺲ ﻭﲰﻨۤﻪ ﺑﺎﳉﺮّﻩ ﺣَﺞّ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﻳﺎﺣﺠﻴۤﺞ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ
ﰲ ﺑﺒّﻮٓﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻠﻲ ﺭﺍۤﻛۤﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴۤﺔ ﺗﻄﻠﻊ ﺑﺮّﺍ ﺑﺎﻛٓـﻞ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺒٕﺒﱡﻮ
]ﻭ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ[ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺒّﻮ
–ً ٢ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﺭ. ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺎﺭ.
–ً ٣ﺍﻟﭙﺮﳝﻮﺱ )ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ(.
ﻭﲰﺎﻩ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ(( :ﺍﻟﻜﺒّﺎﺱ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺳٕﻤﻌۤﺖ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰﻳۤﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ
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ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﺘﻮﻉ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ ﺑَـﺖّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺖّ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟۤﺔ ،ﻭﻗﻀﻴﺘﻚ
))ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ(( ﻭﺃﺗﻰ ﳍﺎ ﲟﺜﺎﻝ: ﻣﺒﺘﻮﺗۤﺔ .ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺖّ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ،ﺃﻣﻀﺎﻩ ،ﺭﺑﻴﻊ ﺑﺎﺕّ:
ﻭﺗﻘﻄﻌﺖ ﺍﳊﺒﺎﻝ ﺑﺘﻮﻉ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺳﻲ. ﻻ ﺧﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﻻ ﻋﻮﺩ ﻓﻴﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻧﺒﺖ.
] ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﻋﻤّﻲ! ﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ! ﻳﺎ ﺑﺘﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺰﻳۤﺖ! ﺍﻟﺒﺖّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺑٕﺖّ ﻻﺯۤﻡ ﲢﻀﺮ:
ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﺖّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺑﺖّ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﻟَﻚ ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺑْﺘﺎﻉ ﺗﻀﺮٓﺏ،
ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺧَﺮﺝ ﻓﺮﺷۤﻪ. ﻗﻄﻊ ،ﻭﻻ ﺑٕﺖّ ﻣﺎ ﻳٕﻔﺮﺟﺎ ﺭﺑّﻚ :ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒُ ّﺪ
ﺑَﺘْﺒَﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺟﺎ ﻭﺑﺘﺒﺖ ﻟﻮ ﰲ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺹ ،ﺍﳌﻬﺮﺏ .ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﻛﺄﺻﻠﻬﺎ
ﺷﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺳﺎﺭﺭﻩ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃَﺑَـﺜّـﻪ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺍﻝ.
ﺍﻟﺴﺮّ :ﺃﻃﻠﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ ))ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ((. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗﻔﻘﻮﺍ ﺗﻨﲔ ﻻ ﺑﺖّ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﻣﻨّٓﻦ ﻏﻠﺒﺎﻥ.
ﺑَـﺘٔﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻗﻄﻊ. ﺑﺘَﺎﺗﺎً :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑَـﺘّﺎًَ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺑﺘﺎﺗﺎً
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺘّﺎﺭ :ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ. ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺟﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑﺘﺎﺗﺎً ،ﻭﻻ
ﺑَـﺘﺮٔﺍ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻗـﺘّۤﺎ ﺑَـﺘﺮٔﺍ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻲ.
ﻧﻮﻋﺎً ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻏﻀﺎً ﻭﺩﻗﻴﻘﺎً ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﺍﺀ – ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻨﺪﺭ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺑٔﻄٔﺎﻃﺎً ﺑٔﻄٔﺎﻃﺎً.
ﻭﺗﻘﺼﺮ – :ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻷﺑﺘﺮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻘﻄﻮﻉ ،ﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺒَﺘَﺎﺗۤﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ.
ﺑﺎﳌﻘﻄﻮﻋﺔ ﻷﺎ ﺗﻘﻄﻊ ﻗﺒﻞ ﲤﺎﻡ ﻧﻀﻮﺟﻬﺎ ،ﻭﲪﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺒَﺘّﺎﺭ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺘﺮ.
ﺑﺰﺭﺎ ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﻐﺾ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒْﺘﺎﻉ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺘﺎﻋﻲ ﻭﻋﻄﻴﲏ
ﺑٕﺘﺮٔﺍﻋۤﻞ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ، ﺑﺘﺎﻋﻚ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳌﺘَﺎﻉ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺘﻔﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺭَﻋۤﻞ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﻋﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻔﻨَﻰ ﻭﺗﻨﻘﻀﻲ.
ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ: ﺃﻭ ﺇﻥ ))ﺑْﺘﺎﻉ(( ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ))ﻣﺒْﺘﺎﻉ(( ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ۳۸ﺹ .١٨٤ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ :ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻣﺒﺘﺎﻋﻲ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻳﺘﻪ ﲟﺎﱄ.
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻥ ))ﺑْﺘﺎﻉ(( – ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺬﻫﺐ ﳓﻦ – ﲢﺮﻳﻒ
ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻌﺶ) .ﺣﻠﺐ.(٧٢ ))ﺗَـﺒَـﻊ(( ،ﺃﻻ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻫﺎﻟﻐﺮﺽ
ﺗَـﺒـَﻌﻲ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺘﺎﻋﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ:
ﺍﻟﺒَﺘْﺮٔﻙ :ﺃﻧﻈﺮ ﺑٔﻄﺮٔﻙ. ﺗَﺒَﻌﻲ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﺒﻌﲏ ﻭﳜﺺّ ﰊ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ،
ﻭﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ :ﺑْﺘﺎﻉ ،ﻭﰲ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﳉﺰﺍﺋﺮ :ﺇﺑﺘﺎﻉ ﺃﻭ :ﺗﺎﻉ،
ﺑَﺘْﺮٔﺍﻛِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ، ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻟﻄﻴﻮﻥ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﻥ))ﺗﺎﻉ(( ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ))ﺗَﻊ((،
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ PATRAKISﺗﺼﻐﲑ :PETROS :ﺑﻄﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ، DE ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ،ﻣﺜﻞ
ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺳـﻮﻝ ،ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﺨـﺮﺓ ،ﻭﺟﺮﻯ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﳏﻤﺪ :ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺗﻊ ﳏﻤﺪ.
ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺑﻄﺮﺱ
٥٢
ﺑَﺘْﻠﻴِﺘَﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ، ﻷﺎ ﺃﻓﺨَﻢ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ :ﻣﻄﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺑﻄﺮﻙ ،ﻭﺍﳊﻖ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺗْـﻠِﻴﺘٓﺎ :ﺍﳌﻌﻠّﻘﺔ، ﻟﻔﻆ ﺳﺎﻣﻲّ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﺮّﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﺀ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٤ ﺍﻟﺒۤﺘْﺮﻭٓﻝ :ﻭﭘۤﺘﺮﻭٓﻝ ﻭﺑَﺘﺮﻭٓﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:
PETROLﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ :PETRA :ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﻭ
ﺑٕﺘﻠِﲔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺼﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﺸﺪّﺩ:
:OLEUMﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ،ﺃﻱ ﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻂ.
ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪّۤﻳﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﻴﻌﺔ ﺑﺘﻠﲔ؟ ﻳﻮﳘﻮﻥ ﺃﺎ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻨﺒﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻮﺍﻑ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ.
ﻭﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺇﻧﻚ ﺳﺘﻠﲔ ﻭﻳﺰﻭﻝ ﻋﻨﺎﺩﻙ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺔ. ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻅ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺎﻅ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﺘﻠﲔ ﻳﺎ ﺁﻏﺎ ﺑﺘﻠﲔ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻟﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭٓﻝ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺘّﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺳﻨﺔ ١۸٥٣ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭٓﻝ ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﲬﺮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٩٦ﺹ ٤۱ﻭ ﺱ ١٠٣ﺹ ٥٩٩
ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻘﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺖّ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺎﻟﺴﺔ ﻭ ﺱ ۱۱٦ﺹ ۱۱ﻭﺱ ٦٣ﺹ .٢٣٧
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ :ﺍﻠﺪ ٢ﺹ ٦٧ﻭ ﺍﻠﺪ ١٠ﺹ ٥٩۱
ﺍﳌﺮﺑّﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻈﺔ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺍﺀ ،ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺑﺮ ﺃﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﻑ
ﻭ .٧٧٥
ﺃﻭ ﺍﳋﺰّ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ))ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺝ“ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ :ﺱ ۱٣ﺹ .٧٨٦
ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎً. ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ٣ﻋﺪﺩ ٢ﺹ ٦٢ﻭ ﻋﺪﺩ ۱٢ﺹ ٥٣
ﻭ ﻋﺪﺩ ٧ﺹ .٦٠ﻭ ﻋﺪﺩ ٩ﺹ ٦٠ﻭ ﺱ ١ﻋﺪﺩ ١١
ﺍﻟﺒْـﺘﻮﻉ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺘﺎﻉ. ﺹ ٢٩ﻭ ﺱ ٥ﻋﺪﺩ ٨ﺹ .٦٣
ﺍﻟﺒَﺘﻮﻝ :ﻟﻘﺐ ﻣﺮﱘ ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺭﺍﺀ :ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﺀ :ﺱ ٢ﺹ .٧٥٢
ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﺃﺭﺏ ﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﻠﺪ ٧ﺟـ ٢ﺹ .٩٨
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺘﻮﻟﻴّﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭٓﻧۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:PADRONA :
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑۤﺘﻮﻟَﻪ. ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺩﻛﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﺘﻮﻻٓ :ﺍﻷﻋﺰﺏ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺭﺍﺀ. ﺇﻻ ﻣﺆﻧﺜﺔ ﻭﲟﻌﲎ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺔ ﻣﺎﺧﻮﺭ.
ﻭ ﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﮔﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﺑﺘﻠﺖ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓۤﻄﺮٓﻧﺎٓ:
ﺑَـﺘْـﻴَﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ.
ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺘﻴﺎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﻫﻞ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒَﺘَﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺘﻴﻚ:
ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣۸ﺹ .١۸٤ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺎﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﻣﻲ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻖ
ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﳏﺘﻤﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ: ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮ.
ﺑﻴﺖ ﻳَـﻪ ،ﺃﻱ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻳﻬﻮﻩ ﺍﻹﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪّﻩ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣْﺒَﺘّﻚ ﻭﻓﻼﻧۤﺔ ﻣْﺒَﺘّﻜۤﺔ.
ﻣﻦ ﺟﻮﺍﺭﻫﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻳﻬﻮﻩ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮٓ :ﺍﳌﺒﺘّﻚ ﻻﺯۤﻡ
ﺑَـﺞّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣﻜﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﻌﻚ ﻛٕﻠﻤۤﺔ ﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﻳﺘﺠﻮّﺯ ﻣﺒﺘّﻜۤﺔ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮٓ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﻀﺎﻳﻨﻮ ﻳﻮﻣۤﲔ.
ﺭٕﺣﺖ ﲜّـﻴﺘﺎ ﻫﻮﻥ ﻭﻫﻮﻥ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﲝﺖ ﺎ،
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ﺑﺴﺘۤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺼﺒﺎﻫﺎ ﻗﺘﻠﺖ ﺿﺒﻊ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﺑﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﻗﺒﻠۤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺞّ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺣﺔ :ﺷﻘﻬﺎ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ
ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻓﻮﺍ. ﻛﺸﻒ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻭﻯﺀ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﺞّ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﺍﳝﺎً ﺗٕﻨﻘﻊ ﻛﻌﻜﺎﺗﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﺭﻳّۤـﺔ ﺣﱴ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻴﺴﻜﺖ ﻭﺑﻴﺴﻜﺖ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ
ﻳﺒﺠﺒﺠﻮﺍ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﺑﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﺑﻴﻮﻣﺎ ﺧﺎۤﺑـﺰﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻟﺘﻨـﻮﺭ ﺑﺒﺞّ ﺑَﺞّ.
ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺎﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻟﺴﺨﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺸﺘﻬﻴﻪ ﻗﻠﺒﻚ ،ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﲜّـﺎﻕ :ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّـﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ
ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺎﺕ ﺃﺵ ﺃﺳﺎﻭﻱ ﻓﻴّٓـﻦ، ﲜﻖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻫﺎﻟﺴﺨﻨﺎﺕ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺼﲑﻭﺍ ﻳۤﺎﺑﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﺘﺎﻛﻠﻦ
ﻣﺒﺠﺒﺠﺎﺕ. ﺑَﺠٔﺎﻳۤﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﻋﻤۤﻞ ﲜٔﺎﻳۤﺶ
ﻭﻛﺘﲑ ﻧﺎﺱ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﺎﺩﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺠﺒﺠﺔ، ﻣﻌﻚ :ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﱵ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﺧﺪ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺘﻚ.
ﻭﻣﺎﺑﻄﻴﺐ ﺃﻟﻦ ﺇٕﻻ ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺱ ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻣﺎﻥ. ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﲜٔﺎﻳَﺶْ:
ﰲ ﳏﻠﻪ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﻇﻒ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ.
ﺑَـﺠٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻘﻤﺎﺵ ﺑﺒﺠٓﺮ، ﲜﺒﺞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻧﻘٔﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﻚ ﺣﱴ ﲜﺒﺞ،
ﻭﺳﻠﻔﱵ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺕ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎ ﺧﺴﻠﺘﻮ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻄﻴﻒ ﺃﺵ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺭﺟﻞ ﺑَﺠﺒﺎﺝ :ﳑﺘﻠﻰﺀ ﻣﻨﺘﻔﺦ ،ﻭﺗﺒﺠﺒﺞ
ﻗﻠﺐ ﻟﻮﻧﻮ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺯﻭﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻧﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ :ﻛﺜﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺧﻰ .ﱂ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ
ﻭﻧَﻔَﺾ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑَـﺠَـﺮ ﻓﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُـﺠْﺮﺓ :ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ :ﲜﺒﺞ ،ﻭﱂ ﺗﻨﺺّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺷﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻣﺎ
ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻗﻴﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺐ ﰲ ﺯﻭﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺑﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﺮﺏ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻧﺘﻔﺦ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺧﻰ.
ﻏﲑﻩ .ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲜﺮ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒﺠﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ:
ﺍﻟﺒﺠﺮﺍﻧۤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ :ﺑﺎۤﺟۤﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺎۤﺟْﺮٔﻩ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﺠْـﺒُﻮﺟﻴِﺘﺎٓ )ﻭﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ
ﮔﺎﻓﺎً( :ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻡ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺴﻢ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑْـﺠٓﺎ(( :ﺳﺎﻝ ﻭﻧﺒﻊ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﭼﻠﱯ ﺍﳌﻮﺻﻠﻲ ﻳﺮﻯ ﻭﺭﺷﺢ.
ﺃﻥ ﲜﺮ ﻣﻦ ))ﻓﺸﺮ(( ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺯﺍﻝ ﻭﺍﺿﻤﺤﻞّ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﻼﻣﻮ ﻣﺒﺠﺒﺞ ﻭﻟﻮﻧﻮ
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻧَـﻌْﻠَـﺔ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻻ ﺗْﺤﻞّ ﻣﺒﺠﺒﺞ.
ﻭﻻ ﺗٕﺒﺠٓﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺃﺯﺍﻝ ﺃﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﻧﺎﻧﱵ ﺃﻡ
ﺑَﺠﱠـﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓـﻌﱠـﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲜﺮ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺃﺑﻮﻱ ﰲ ﻓﺮﺍﺷﺎ ﻭﺷﻌﺮﺍ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺒﺤﺔ ﺑﺈﻳﺪﺍ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﲜـّﺮﺗﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﺒﺠّۤـﺮ ﻭﻣﺒﺠﱠـﺮ. ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺤﺴﻦ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺟﺮﻳﻬﺎ ﻷﻧﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻟﻨﺞ ﻫﺎۤﻟﻜﺎ،
ﻭﺷﻴﺦ ﺩۤﺍﺧﻞ ﻭﺷﻴﺦ ﻃﺎﻟﻊ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻘﺮﻭﺍ ﻻ ،ﻭﻣﱴ ﲰﻌۤﺖْ
ﺑٔﺠٔـﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲜﻖ ﻟﻮ ﲜﻘﺎ ﻭﺩﺍﳝًﺎ ﺻﻮٓﺕ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺑﺘﺸﻮﻓﺎ ﺑﺘﻔﺰ ﻭﺑﺘﺘﻮﺿﺎ ﻭﺑﺘﺼﻠﻲ ﻛﺄﻧﻮ
ﺑﺒﺠٓﻖ ،ﻭﺷﻐﻠﺘﻮ ﻭﻋﻤﻠﺘﻮ ﻭﻛﺎﺭﻭﺍﻟﺒﺠﻖ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺷﺎﻑ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴّـﺎ ﻗﻠﺒﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻘﻠﺒﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻫﺎﻟﻮﭺ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﻊ ﻣﺎ
ﺑَـﺠّـﺎﻕ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺑﻘﺘﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ،ﱂ ﺟﺪ ﺑﺘﻘﺮﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻧﻮ ﺑﺰﻣﺎﻧﺎ ﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ
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]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﻮﻓﻮ ﺃﺵ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﺠۤـّﻖ ﻟﻠﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ ))ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ(( ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻢ ﺰّﻭﺍ ﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻭﻭﻕ. ﳑﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺑَﻌﺮۤﻑ ﻣﺒﺠّﻖ ﻛﺒﲑ ﰲ –ً ١ﺃﺎ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑـﺞّ(( ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ –
ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻠﺪ ،ﺑﻨﻈﻢ ﻭﲞﻄٓﺐ – ﻭﺑﻼﺩﻧﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ– ﻭ))ﻗﺎﻝ(( ،ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮ
ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻭﻻ ﻓﻦ ﺍﳋﻄﺎﺑﺔ – ﻟﻜﻦ ﻫﻮّۤﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻭﺉ،
ﺃﻧّﻮ ﻟﻮّۤﺹ ﺷﻘﺪ ﺑﺘﺮﻳﺪ ﺑﺲ ﻣﺜّۤﻞ ﻭﻗٔﻠﺘۤﻦ ﻋﺎﳌﺴﺮﺡ، ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃﻭ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻛﺎﺷﻔﺎً ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﺸﻒ.
ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺃﻧّﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻳﺴﻔﻘﻮﺍ ﻟَﻚ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﺭﻭ ﺍﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﰲ
ﻟﻮﺝ ...ﲟﺸّﻮﺍ ﻟﻚ ﺃٔﻣﺮﻙ ،ﻭﺳﺎﻭﺍﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻠّﻖ ﻭﻫﻠّﻖ –ً ٢ﺃﺎ ﳓﺖ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ))ﲜﺒﺞ(( ﻓﻼﻥ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﳑﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﱐ :ﺍﻧﻈﻢ ﺷﻲ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺫﻫﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﺎً ﻏﲑ
ﻛﻢ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻭ ﻃﺮﻃﺸﻮ ﻭﻣﺎﺗﻨﺴﻰ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ﰲ ﺷﻌﺮﻙ ﺗٕﻀﺮٓﺏ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﻗﺎﻝ(( ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﲡﺎﻭﺯ ﺣﺪّ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺗﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﺰﻋﱪ ﻗﺪ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺴﻌﻚ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﱪﺓ ،ﻭﻫٕﻪْ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻼً.
ﻭﻫٕﻪْ ﻭﺍﻻ ﻣﺒﺠّﻘﻨﺎ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻭﺗﺼﻮّﺭ ،ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻮ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ –ً ٣ﺃﺎ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ))ﻣـﺞﱠ(( ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ
ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﺑﻘﺪۤﺭ ﳏّﺎ ﺮّۤﺏ ﻭﺑﺘﺎﺟﺮ ﺑﺎﶈﻈﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺑﻴﻌﻤۤﻞ، )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻟﻘﺎﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻣﻦ
ﻭﻟﺴّﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺬﻛﺮﻭﻩ ﲞﲑ. ))ﻗﺎﻝ(( ،ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﺃﻟﻘﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ
ﺍﳌﻨﺒﻮﺫ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ،ﺃﻻ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻛﻼﻡ ﳑﺠﻮﺝ؟.
ﺍﻟﺒَـﺠَـﻞ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ –ً ٤ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ)) :ﺑﺎﺟﺎﻗﺪﻭﻥ ﻗﻮ
ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ(( :ﺍﻟﺒَﺠَﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊَﻠَﻖ :ﻣﺮﺽ ﻳﺼﻴﺐ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ ﻧﻮﺷﻴﻮﺭ(( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺨﺬ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ
ﻭﺍﳊﻤﲑ ،ﺳﺒﺒﻪ ﺩﻭﺩﺓ ﺛﻌﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻴﻌﻴﱠﺎﺕ ﺗﻌﻴﺶ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻗﲔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺎﺟﺎﻕ(( :ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ
ﺍﻟﺪﻡ. ﺍﻷﻭﱃ – ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﺳﻢ – ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑَـﺠَـﻖَ ﻭﺑَـﺠﱠـﻖ.
ﺑَـﺠﱠﻞَ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﲜّﻠﻪ :ﻋﻈّﻤﻪ. –ً ٥ﺃﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻓَـﺠَـﺄَ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺑَﭽّ ﻰ :ﳍﺠﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﻳّﺔ ﰲ ))ﺑﻜّﻰ(( ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻬﺎ .ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺬﻱﺀ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻏﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺠﱠـﺎﻗﺔ ﺑﺪّﻭ
ﺃﻟﻒ ﺣﺮّﺍﻗﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﺍﻟﺒٔﺠٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺪﺭﺟﻴﺔ ،ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﲣﺬ ﺟﻠﺪﻫﺎ
ﺍﳌـﺎٔﱐ ﺍﳌـﺎٔﱐ ﺍﳌـﺎٔﱐ ﻓﺮﺍﮔﻚ ﺍﳊﻠﻮ ﺑَﭽﺎﱐ ﺟﻠﺪﺍً ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺠﻖ ﻟـﻴّﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﳌﺎ ﺳﻮﺍﻩ.
ﺍﻟﺒﭽﺎﻕ] :ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺩﲝﺘﲏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺠٔﻖ :ﰲ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻻﻋﱯ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ :ﻭﺭﻗﺔ
ﻏﲑ ﺑﭽﺎﻕ )ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ( ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ: ﺍﻟﺼﱯ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﭽَـﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﭼٔـَﻪ:
ﺑﻴﭽٔﺎﻕ :ﺍﻟﺴﻜﲔ ،ﺍﳌﻮﺳَﻰ. ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ،ﺍﻟﺼﱯ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﺑَـﺠٔـّﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲜﻖ –
ﺍﻟﺒَـﭽﺎﻭٔﺭٔﺓ :ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻣَﭽﺎﻭﺭﺓ ،ﻣﻦ – ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﳎﺮﺩﻫﺎ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺞّ ﻭﺃﻟﻘﻰ.
ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ.
٥٥
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﭘﺎٔﭼﺎﻭْﺭﺓ :ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ
ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻳُﻤﺴَﺢ ﺎ.
–ً ٢ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺸﻚ ﺍﳋﱪَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺑَـﭽّٔـﺦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﭽﺦ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻰ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ.
ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻘﻪ ﻭﺍﺑﺘﺪﻋﻪ ﻛﺎﺫﺑﺎً. ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻗﻌﺪ ﻭﺃﻟﻘﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺛﻘﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺮﺧﺎﺋﻪ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ،ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﳑﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺗﺒﭽّﻚ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﺘﺸﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻘﻪ –ً ١ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻙ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻟﻘﻌﻮﺩ
ﻭﻛﺬﺏ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺟﺦﱠ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺿﻄﺠﻊ ﻣﺘﻤﻜﻨﺎً
ﻣﺴﺘﺮﺧﻴﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﭼﻴﻤﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﻨﺎ.
ﺑٕـﭽٕـﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻮﰲ ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﺷﻘﺪ
–ً ٢ﺃﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻓَـﺸَـﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ:
ﻣﻐﺎﻭﺍﻳۤﺔ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﺎﻻ ﺑﭽﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺠﻴﻢ :ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ،
ﻓﺸﺦ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻭﻭﺩ ﭼﻠﱯ.
ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺍﻡ ،ﺍﻟﻄِﺮﺍﺯ .ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ.
–ً ٣ﺃﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺸﺦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ:
ﺃﻟﺼﻖ ﺃَﻟﻴﺘﻪ ﻭﺑﺎﻋﺪ ﺑﲔ ﺭﺟﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﻋﺒﺪ
ﺑٕﭽٕﻤْﺴِﺰ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻻ ﻫﻨﺪﺍﻡ ﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻻ
ﺍﳋﺎﻟﻖ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺎﻍ ﺍﳍﺬﱄ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ))ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻮﺻﻞ
ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ ﻟﻪ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ((.
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[:
ﺍﻟﺒٕﭽْﺮ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺑﺪﻭﻱ ﻟﻠﺮﻛﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺼﺐّ
ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺭ ﳛﻮﺯ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻘﺮﻣﻄﺎً ﺷﻌﺨﺸٓﻮ
ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺼﺐّ ،ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﺒِﻜﺮ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻭﺻﻔﻪ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﻳﻘﺺّ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺧﺸﻤﻪ) :ﳓﺖ( ﺣﱴ
ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺭﺍﺀ.
ﳛﻮﺯ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﲜﻤْﺴﺰ.
ﺑَـﭽّـﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﭽﻚ ﺃﺻﺒﻌﺘﻮ
ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺠﲔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺩﺧﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺛﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ
ﺑٕﭽﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ :ﺑَﻜَﻰ.
ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺑَـﺮﱠﻙ ﻭﭼﻚّ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
ﺑَـﺢْ :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﲏ :ﻧَـﻔَـﺪ،
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﭽﻚ.
ﱂ ﻳﺒﻖَ ﺷﻲﺀ ،ﻇﲏ ﺃﺎ ﺍﳌﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﲝﺒﺎﺡ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑَـﺢّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗَﻢّ ﻳﻌﻴّۤﻂ ﺣﱴ ﺑﺢّ ﺻﻮٓﺗ ٓﻮ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﭽٓﻚ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ ﺑﭽﻚ،
ﺑَﺤّﺔ ﻣﻮ ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَـﺢّ ﺻﻮﺗُﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻮ ﻻﺯﻡ ﳜﻀّﻮ ﻭﻳﺰﺗّﻮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﻫَﻲْ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻐﻠﺒﲏ،
ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑُﺤﱠﺔ ﺃﻱ :ﻏِﻠَﻆ ﻭﺧﺸﻮﻧﺔ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻻﺯﻣﺔ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻩ ﺑﻠﻌﺐ ﻛﻌﺎۤﺏ ﻣﺘﻠﻮﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺒﭽﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺐ ﺑَﭽﻚ.
ﺗﻌﺪّﻯ ﺑﺎﳍﻤﺰﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﻳﺔ ﻻﺯﻣﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﺢّ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺤّﺎﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﻼّﺡ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻔّﺎﻥ. ﺑَـﺠّﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﻣﺒﭽّﻜﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺯﺍ
ﺑَﺤﺒﺎﺡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻴﺎﱐ :ﺯﻋﻢ ﻣﺘﻼ ﻣﺒﭽّﻚ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﭽﻴﻚ ﻃﺒﻊ ﻋَﻨﺪﻥ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ
ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺎﺋﻲ ﺃﻧﻪ ﲰﻊ ﺭﺟﻼً ﻣﻦ ﺑﲏ ﻋﺎﻣﺮ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲜّﻚ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﲤﺜﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺯﻫﻮ ﻛﺎﺫﺏ ،ﱂ
ﻟﻨﺎ :ﺃﺑﻘﻲ ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ ﺷﻲﺀ ؟ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ :ﺑَﺤﺒﺎﺡ ﺃﻱ :ﱂ ﻳﺒﻖَ – ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭ ﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﳑﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ–.
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣَﺤﻤﺎﺡ. –ً ١ﺃﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒَـﺘَـﻚ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺗـﺪﺍﻋﺐ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴـﺔ ﺍﺑﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﻤﺴﺢ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻪ
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺄﻟﻮﻙ ﻋﻦ ﲝﺒﺶ ﺑﺮﺍﺣﺘﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﺔ :ﺑَﺤْﺒﺎﺡ ،ﻳﺎ ﻋﺮﻳۤﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ،ﺃﺟﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻔﻮﺭ
ﻗﻮﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﻟَـﺒﱠﺶ. ﻳﺘﻮﺿّﺎ ،ﻟﻘﻰ ﻟﻮ ﺑْﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ ،ﻫَﻲْ ﻛﻤﺸﺘﻮ )ﻭ ﺗﺜﲏ
ﺑَـﺤٔﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺴﻜﲔ ﻫﺎﻟﺰﳌﺔ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺧﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ( ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺩﲝﺘﻮ )ﻭﺗﺜﲏ ﺑﻨﺼﺮﻩ( ،ﻭﻫﻲ
ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ،ﺷﻮﻓﻮ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﺤﺖ ﺑﺈﻳﺪﻳۤﻪ ﻭﺇﺟﺮﻳۤﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﺷﻮﻳﺘﻮ )ﻭﺗﺜﲏ ﻭﺳﻄﺎﻩ( ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻛﻠﺘﻮ )ﻭﺗﺜﲏ ﺳﺒّﺎﺑﺘﻪ(،
ﲝﺚ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏَ ﺑﺄﻗﺪﺍﻣﻪ :ﺭﻣﺎﻩ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠّﻮﺍ ﻻ ﺷِﻲ )ﰒ ﺗُﻤﺸّﻲ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺎﻋﺪﻩ
ﺧﻠﻔﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺣﺮﻙ ﺃﻃﺮﺍﻓﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺣﱴ ﺭﻗﺒﺘﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﺔ( :ﺩٕﺏّ ﺩﺑۤﻴﺒۤﺔ ﺩٕﺏّ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭ ﺩﺏّ ﺩﺑﻴﺒﺔ ﺩﺏ
ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻘﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺇﺛﺮ ﻧﻮﺑﺔ ﻋﺼﺒﻴﺔ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ: ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭ )ﻭﳌﺎ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺭﻗﺒﺘﻪ ﺗﺪﻏﺪﻏﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﺔ( :ﺩﻛﻚ
ﺑﺎﺣٓﺶ :ﺣﺮّﻙ. ﺩﻛﻚ ﺩﻛﻚ ﺩﻛﻚ ،ﻓﻴﻀﺤﻚ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻭﻳﻀﺤﻚ.
ﺍﻟﺒَـﺤْﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺳَﻤﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﻀﺮﻑ
ﲰﻦ ﻋﺮﰊ ﺑَﺤْﺖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺤْﺖ :ﺍﳋﺎﻟﺺ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺒﺎۤﺣﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲝﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻁ ﺑﻐﲑﻩ. ﺑَـﺤْﺒَـﺢ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺎﻉ :ﲝﺒﺢ ﱄ
ﺑَـﺤْﺘﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲝﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻓﺮّﻗﻪ، ﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﺷْﻮَﻱْ ،ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﻳﺒﺤﺒﺢ ﺑﺰﻳﺘﻚ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺯﺩﻫﺎ،
ﺑﺪّﺩﻩ ،ﻗﻠﺐ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ. ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﺒﺤﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴـﻪ ،ﺇﳕـﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻼﻟﻴﺐ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ﺑﱪﻏﻞ :ﺍﳌﺪﻭﻙ ﳌﺸﺘﻘﺎﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ :ﺗﺒﺤﺒﺢ ﰲ ﺍﺪ :ﻛـﺎﻥ ﰲ ﳎـﺪ
ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺘﺮ ،ﻷﻧﻪ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﺨﻠﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﳊﻤّﺺ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ،ﻭﺗﺒﺤﺒﺢ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺀُ :ﺍﺗﺴﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﻴـﺚ ﻭﲤﻜـﻦ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ. ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺒﺤﻲﱡ :ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘـﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳـﻊ
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲝﺘﺮ :ﺗْﺒﺤﺘﺮ. ﰲ ﺍﳌﱰﻝ ،ﺍﻟﺒَﺤﺒﺎﺣﺔ :ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﺴـﻤﺤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴَـﻤﺠﺔ،
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ :ﺑﻌﺜﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺍﺑﺘِﺤﺎﺡ ﺃﻱ :ﰲ ﺳﻌﺔ ﻭﺧﺼﺐ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺒﺤﺘﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻮ. ﻭﺻﺎﻏﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ – ﻭﻫﻮ ﺭﺑﺎﻋﻲ –
ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺘﺮﻱ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ،ﻭﻟﺪ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻷﲝﺒﺢ.
ﰲ ﻣﻨﺒﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ٨٩٧ﻡ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﻄﻠﺲ :ﺹ ۱٦٦ﻭ ١٦٧ﻭ .١٦٩ ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﻋﺎﺷﻮﺭﺍﺀ :ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺒﺎۤﺣﺔ ،ﻷﻢ
ﺑَـﺤﺚ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲝﺚ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﻓﺘﺶ ،ﻭﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻳﻮﺳﻌﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﻝ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ،ﻭﲨﻌﻪ :ﺍﻷﲝﺎﺙ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﻮﺙ ،ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺼﺮ ﰲ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺭﺯﻗﺘﻮ ﻣﺒﺤﺒﺤﺔ.
))ﺍﳌﱳ(( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻮﺙ. ﺑَـﺤْﺒَـﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَـﺤَﺶ:
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ: ﲝﺚ ،ﺣﻔﺮ .ﺻﺎﻏﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓَﻌﻔَﻞ.
ﲝﺚ ﻭﺃﲝﺎﺙ. ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲝﺚ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺒﺶ،
ﻃﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺴﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ. ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﻳﻬﺘﻢّ ﻭ ﻳﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ،
ﺍﻟﺒَـﺤﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّ ،ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻞ :ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺒﺶ :ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻮﱄ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻠﺢ ﻳﻐﻄﻲ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺩﺧﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮّﻱ ﻭﲝﺒﺸﻮﺍ
ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﺕ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺪّ ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﲝﺮﺍً ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺿﻴﲔ:
ﺑﻨﺸﻔﻮ ) :ﺷﺆﻡ( ،ﻋﻢ ﺑﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻔﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ.
ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻨﺠﺎﻥ )ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺇﳒﺎﺯﻩ( ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﲝﻮﺭ ﻭﺃﺑْﺤﺎﺭ ﻭﺑِﺤﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﺑﺰﻕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺑﺘﻨﺎﻛﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻚ ) :ﻫﻮ ﺷﻬﻮﺍﱐ(، ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ.
ﺭﻣﻴﻨﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻃﻠۤﻊ ﻭﺑﺘﻤّﻮ ﲰﻜۤﺔ ) :ﻓﺄﻝ( ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲝﺮ ﻭﲝﺎﺭ ﻭﲝﻮﺭ
ﺑﻮﺩّﻳﻚ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻭﺑﺮﺟﻌﻚ ﻋﻄﺸﺎﻥ. ﻭﲝﺮﻱّ ﻭﲝﺮﻳّﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻋﻤﺎۤﻝ ﻣﻠﻴﺢ ﻭﺯﺗّﻮ ﰲ ﻭﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﻥ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ :ﻏﺮﻳﻖ ﲝﺮ ﻋﺼﻴﺎﱎ
ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ،ﻣﺎ ﲣﺎﻑ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﳍﺎۤﺩﻱ. ﺩﺧﻴﻠﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﲝﺮ ،ﻏﺎﻳﺺ ﰲ ﲝﺮ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ،ﰲ ﲝﺮ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻝ ﰲ ﲝﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﻡ ...ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎ ﲜﻲ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺟـ ۱ﺹ .٢٢٨
ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﰲ ﲝﺮ ﻓﻼﻥ ،ﰲ ﲝﺮ ﻫﺎﻟﺴﻨﺔ )ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺪﺕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺎﺭ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ٥۱٠ﻣﻼﻳﲔ ﻛﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﻋﺪﺗّﻪ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺑﺎً ﺃﺟﻨﺒﻴﺎً، ﻣﺮﺑﻊ.
ﻭﳓﻦ ﳒﻴﺐ :ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ﺃﺟﻨﺒﻴﺎً ،ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﲤﺪ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻗﻪ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ ۱٠٧٩٠ﻡ ﻗﺮﺏ
ﺗﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﺪﺓ( ،ﺟﺎﺑﺎ ﻣﻦ ﲝﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺝ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻣﻴﻨﺪﺗﺎﻭ.
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺑﺬﻝ ﺟﻬﺪﺍً ﻛﺒﲑﺍً ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ(، ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻃﺎﺟﻨﻴﺔ :ﲝﺮ – ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ
ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻝ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﲔ: ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻃﺎﺟﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺸﻔﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺯﻳﻞ.
–ً ١ﲣﻴﻠﻮﺍ ﻋَﺪْﻭ ﺍﳊﺼﺎﻥ ﺳﺒﺎﺣﺔ ﰲ ﲝﺮ
ﺍﻟﻔﻼﺓ )ﻭﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﲣﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻫﺬﺍ( ﰒ ﺭﻣﺰﻭﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٣٣ﺹ :٥٢٣
٥٨
ﻣﺎ ﲝﻤۤﻞ )ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ(.
))ﺑﺎﺣﺴﻴﺘﺎ((
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻳﺎﻗﻮﺕ ﺍﳊﻤﻮﻱ: ﲝٔـّﺮ :ﳑﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻘﻪ ﺍﻻﲢﺎﺩﻳﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ
ﺑﻜﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﲔ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﻭ ﺛﺎﺀ ﻣﺜﻘﻠﺔ ﻭﺃﻟﻒ: ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺒﺤّﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﻣﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﻠﻘﻴﻬﻢ ﰲ
ﳏﻠﺔ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﻣﻦ ﳏﺎﻝ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﴰﺎﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻳﻨﺴﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(
ﻗﻮﻡ ،ﻭﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﻟﻘﺎﻩ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﲝﺮّ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺎﺷﺔ ،ﺃﺻﻠﻪ:
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ))ﺑﺎﺣﺴﻴﺘﺎ(( .ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﲑﺓ :ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﻏﺴﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﻓﻐﺪﺍ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ :ﻏﺴﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﻷﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ :ﻻ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﲝَﺮ :ﻏﺴﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻷﻭﻝ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮﺍً ﺁﻧﺌﺬٍ ﺑﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﻣﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺑَﺤَـﺮ :ﻓﺤﺺ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﱪ ،ﻷﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ
ﺍﳊﻤﺪﺍﻧﻴﲔ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﻢ ،ﻭﻻ ﺗﺰﺍﻝ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺗﺮﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻐﺴﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﻭﻋﺪﻣﻪ.
))ﻓﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻠﻰ(( ﻳﻮﻡ ﻋﺎﺷﻮﺭﺍﺀ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﺎﺧﺎﻡ ﺇﺳﺤﻖ ﺷﺤﻴﱪ)) :ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ ﺑَـﺤٔـّﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑـﺤّﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻛﺘﲑ،
ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﲟﺤﺎﻓﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﻌﻠﻮّ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻃﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَـﺤَﺮ:
ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺣﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ،ﺣﱴ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﺤﺺ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﱪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲝﺮ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
ﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﺧﺎﺹ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻛﻞ ﺍﳌﺸﺘﻐﻠﲔ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﻮﺭ
ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ((. ﺑٕﺤﺮﺍﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻮﺣﺮٓﻧﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﺘﻐﲑ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ ))ﺣﻠﺐ(( ﺹ .٢٦ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻄﺮﺃ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺾ ،ﻭﳎﺎﺯﺍً :ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺭﺉ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ.
ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻛﻨﻴﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﱪﻯ ﺗﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑُـﺤﺮﺍﻥ.
ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﳍﻢ ،ﻭﺗﻠﻘﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﻷﻥ ﺣﺠﺎﺭﺎ ﺍﻟﺒَـﺤﺮﺓ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺴﺘﻨﻘﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺧﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺎﺫﻳﲏ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻴﺞ. ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒِﺮﻛﺔ.
ﻭﺑﻌﺎﺫﻳﻦ – ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﻳﻦ :ﺑﺈﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ٭ :ﺑﻘﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﶈﻘﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ
ﺍﻟﻌﲔ – ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﴰﺎﱄ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻧﺪﺛﺮﺕ ﻭﻗﺎﻡ ﳏﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﺧﲑ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺪﻱ.
ﺑﻌﻴﺪﻳﻦ :ﻗﺮﺏ ﻋﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﻞ ،ﻇﻬﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ،ﻭﳓﻦ ﳓﻘﻖ ﰲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﻲ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻟﻺﻟﻪ ﺣﺪﺩ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ. ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ :ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺎﺡ ﺻﻴﺘﺎ((،
ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺡ ﺻﻴﺘﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ: ﺃﻱ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺻﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺫﺍﻉ ،ﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ
ﺣﺬﻓﺖ ﺃﻟﻒ ))ﺑﺎﺡ(( ﻭﺃﺑﺪﻟﺖ ﺻﺎﺩ ))ﺻﻴﺘﺎ(( ﺳﻴﻨﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻓﻴﻊ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺳﻜﺎﺎ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ.
ﻏﺮﺍﺭ ))ﺃﻫﺪﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﻁ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ(( ﰒ ﻟﺰﻣﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐَﺰﻱّ)) :ﺍﳌﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﺃﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﰲ
ﺳﻨﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ. ﺻﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺭﺱ
ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ :ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑَـﺢّ ﺻﻮﺗﺎ((
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ((.
ﺃﻱ :ﺃﺻﺎﺏ ﺻﻮﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤّﺔ ﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﺟﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ :ﺟـ ٢ﺹ .٢٠٧
* ﺃﺧﻠﺖ ﳐﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ،ﻓﺄﺛﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﻼً ﻋﻦ
ﺍﳋﻤﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﺃﻭ ﺑﺢّ ﺻﻮﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﲝﻘﻮﻗﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻧﺸﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺆﻟﻒ ﻋﻦ ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ٣-٢
ﻗﺪﻡ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻭﺍﺓ ،ﻳﺆﺫﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺧﺮ)) :ﻭﺝ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﳌﺰﺩﻭﺝ ﺱ ٣_٢ﺍﳌﺰﺩﻭﺝ ﺱ .١٩٥٥
ﺳﻘﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ“ ﺃﻱ :ﻭﺟﻪ
٥٩
ﺍﳌﺰﺟﻲ ﻓﺎﲢﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ،ﻭﺯﻳﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺭﺟﻮﻋﺎً ﺇﱃ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺷﺌﻴﻢ ﺷﺘﻴﻢ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺷﻮﺍﺭﻉ ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺨﺮﻳﺔ
))ﺣﺴﻴﺪ(( ﺍﻟﱵ ﻫﻲ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺣﺴﺪﺍ ﻭﻣﺄﺧﺬﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺑﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﲨﺎﻋﺔ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ)) :ﺷﻮﺍﺭﺏ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺩﺭﺍﺑﻴﺲ ﺧﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻃﺮﺣﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﲔ ﺳﻜﻮﺎ ،ﰒ ﺃﺑﺪﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻤﺮﻙ ﻭﻭﺟﺎﻩ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺻﺮﺍﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺮﺓ(( ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺎﻝ
ﺃﺧﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻓﻜﺎﻧﺖ ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ. ﺍﳌﺨﻠﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﺒﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﺎﻗﺐ ﺯﺣﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺷﱪﺍﻭﻳﺔ
–ً ٣ﻗﻮﻟﻪ)) :ﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻀﺎﻑ ﻭﻣﺴﻮﺕ ﻭﺻﻨﺎﺩﻝ ﻭﻗﻼﺷﲔ ﻭﺑﻮﺍﺑﻴﺞ ﻭﺟﺰﻣﺎﺕ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ
ﺇﱃ ))ﺑﺎ(( ﻣﺜﻞ ﺑﺎﺻﻔﺮﺓ ﻭﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺷﺮﺍﺑﺎﺕ ﺯﺭﻗﺎﺀ ﻭﳝﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺷﺤﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ
ﺇﱃ ﺑﻴﺖ(( ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ ،ﺃﻋﲏ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺻﺮﺍﻣﻲ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺳﻮﺩﺍﺀ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺃﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴﺔ
ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﻛﻞ ))ﺑﺎ(( ﺗﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻓﺨﻠﻂ ﻭ....
ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ. ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺢّ ﺻﻮﺗﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﺟﺮﻯ
ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﺘﺴﻜﲔ ﺍﳊﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺃﺑﺪﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩ
ﰒ ﳌﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺘﻌﺪﻯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ؟ ﺇﻥ ﺳﻴﻨﺎً ﻭﻟﺰﻣﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ،
))ﺑﻴﺖ(( ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﻪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺓ ﺑﺒﺎﺀ ﻭﺃﺑﺪﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺇﺑﺪﺍﻻً ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﻃﻴﺎً.
ﻓﻤﻦ ﺃﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ))ﺑﺎ(( .ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ :ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻴﺖ ﺣﺴﺪﺍ((،
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎﺀ ﺗﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﳎﺘﺰﺃﺓ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱّ)) :ﺃﻗﻮﻝ :ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻴﺖ(( ﻛﺒﺤﻤﺪﻭﻥ ﻭﺑﺮﻣّﺎﻧﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﲔ ﳘﺎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺣﺴﺪﺍ ،ﻣﻌﻨﺎﳘﺎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ .ﰒ
ﻭﺑﺴﻜﻨﺘﺎ ،ﺃﻱ ﺑﻴﺖ ﲪﺪﻭﻥ ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺣﺬﻓﺖ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ،ﻭ ﺣُﺮّﻓﺖ
ﺍﻟﺴﻜﲎ .ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻠﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺃﻟﻒ ﻛﺒﺎﺭﻳﺸﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻓﺼﺎﺭﺗﺎ ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ .ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
ﻭﺑﺎﻣﻘّﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳊﺐ، ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ ))ﺑﺎ(( ﻣﺜﻞ :ﺑﺎ ﺻﻔﺮﺓ ﻭﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ
ﻟﻜﻦ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻴﺖ .ﻭﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﶈﻠﺔ
ﻭﺳﻜﻮﺗﻪ ﻋﻤﺎ ﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺧﻠﻞ. ﺃﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﲔ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺱ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ
–ً ٤ﱂ ﳛﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﻋﻦ ))ﺑﻴﺖ ﺣﺴﺪﺍ(( ﻓﻠﻨﺴﺘﻤﻊ ﻳﻘﺼﺪﻭﻧﻪ ﻟﻼﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ ﲞﻄﺎﻳﺎﻫﻢ((.
ﺇﱃ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻨﻪ)) :ﰲ ﺃﻭﺭﺷﻠﻴﻢ ﺑﺮﻛﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ :ﺟـ ٢ﺹ .٢٠٧
ﻳﺮﺟﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺑﺮﻛﺔ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺣﺴﺪﺍ، ﻭﻧﻌﻠﻖ ﳓﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺑﺮﻛﺔ ﺇﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻞ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ –ً ١ﺗﺼﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻪ ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺃﻗﻮﻝ((
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﻮﻥ – ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻋﲔ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺝ((. ﻧﻜﻮﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ ،ﻓﻠﻘﺪ ﺷﻬﺪﻧﺎ ﳓﻦ ﺍﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺯﻭﱠﺩ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺱ ،ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻭﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ
ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱﱠ ﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺑﻐﲑﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ
ﺟﻮﺭﺝ ﺑﻮﺳﺖ ،ﺍﳌﻂ ﺍﻷﻣﲑ ﻛﺎﻧﻴﺔ ١٩٠١ﺍﻠﺪ ١ﺹ .٢٦٥ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺟﺮﺟﺲ ﻣﻨﺶ ،ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺟﺪﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻥ
ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺣﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ ،ﻧﻘﻠﻪ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺣﺪﺛﲏ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺟﺮﺟﺲ ﻣﻨﺶ.
–ً ٢ﻗﻮﻟﻪ)) :ﻭﺣُﺮﻓﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ((
ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ،ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻻ ﲡﺘﺰﺉ ﺑﺎﺀ
))ﺑﻴﺖ((. ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻔﺼﺢ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺄﻥ
ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ :ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ))ﲝﺸﻮﺗﺎ((: ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺳﻜﻨﺖ ﺍﳊﺎﺀ ﻷﺎ ﱂ ﺗﻌﺪ ﺑﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻌﲏ)) :ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ((،
ﻭ ﺟﺬﺭ ))ﺑَـﺤَـﺶ(( ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﱐ ﻳﺘﺤﺪ ﻣﻌﲎ ﲜﺬﺭ
٦٠
ﻛﻌﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﺘﻤﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ))ﲝﺚ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﺤﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻔﻈﺎً ،ﻣﺎ ﺧﻼ
ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ)) :ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﺑﻌﺘﻤﺎﱐ ﻭﻣﺎ ﰲ ﻋﺘﻤﺎﱐ((. ﺍﻟﺸﲔ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺀ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺘﻤﺎﱐ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﲔ. ﻭﻣﺪﻟﻮﻝ ))ﺑَﺤَﺶ(( ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﺪﺍ
ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ ))ﲝﺸﻮﺗﺎ((، ))ﺑَﺤﺚ(( :ﻓﺘّﺶ ،ﻓﺤﺺ ،ﺑﻴّﻦ ،ﺑﺮﻫﻦ ،ﺣﻔﺮ ،ﻧﻜﺚ،
ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻌﺎﰿ ﻣﺎﺭﺩِﻓﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺍﺣﻖ :ﻓﺄﻣﺎ ﻧﺒﺶ ،ﺣﺮﱠﻙ ،ﻫﻴّﺞ.
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻓﺸﺄﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺷﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻏﺒﲔ ﰲ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﲔ ﻟﻠﻘﺲ ﻳﻌﻘﻮﺏ ﺃﻭﺟﲔ
٦١
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ )ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﺍﻷﻧﺪﻟﺴﻲ( ﻳﻬﻮﺩﺍ ﻫﺎﻟﻴﻔﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ
)ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﻼﻭﻱ( ﺍﳌﺘﻮﰱ ١١٤١ﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﺴﺐ
ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﳐﺘﻠﻄﺎً ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺻﺪﺭﳘﺎ :ﻛﻨﻮﺭﻱّ ﻭﺎﺋﻲّ ﻭﻋﻴﲏّ ﻭﺗﻴﻤﻲّ
ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺀ. ﰲ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﻭﻋﲔ ﺗﺎﺏ ﻭﺗﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻼﺕ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(( ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺇﻥ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑﺓ
ﺹ .١٨٩ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻭﺩ ،ﻓﻴﻨﺴﺐ ﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺰ :ﻛﺒﻜﺮﻱّ ﻭﻛﻠﺜﻮﻣﻲّ
ﻭﻳﺆﻧﺲ ﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻳﻬﻮﺩ ﻭﻣﺎﺟﻲّ ﻭﻗﺎﺩﺭﻱّ ﰲ ﺃﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻭﺃﻡ ﻛﻠﺜﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ
ﺣﻠﺐ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﺛﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ))ﺍﳊﻨﻔﻴﺔ((:
ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﻭﺣﺪَﻫﻢ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻏﲑﻫﻢ. ﻟﺼﻨﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺃﰊ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﺘﻬﺪ.
ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ))ﻃﻮﺑﺎﺟﺔ(( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻣﻨﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺸﻴﻒ )ﻭﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ :ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﻮﻟﻴﺔ
ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻝ ﻛﻞ ﺟﻴﻢ ﺧﺎﺀ( ،ﻭ))ﻛﺒﻴﺴﺎﻝ((
ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﲔ)) :ﺑﺎ(( BAﻭ))ﺳﻴﺘﺎ(( ،CITA
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﳌﺨﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ،ﻭ))ﻣِﺪﻳﺎﺱ(( :ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ))ﺑﺎ(( :ﺍﳌﻨﺨﻔﺾ ،ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ))ﺳﻴﺘﺎ(( :ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ،ﻓﻤﻌﲎ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺫﳒﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ،ﻭ))ﺑﺎﺳﺘِﻠﺲ(( :ﺳﻨﺒﻮﺳﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺇﺫﻥ :ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ.
ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻥ ﻣﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﺬ ﺍﳌﺒﺴﻮﺱ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﺖ، ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻟﺒﺎﺎ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﻬﺎ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ
ﻭ))ﻛﺎﻟﺴﻮﻧﺲ(( :ﺳﻨﺒﻮﺳﻚ ﳏﺸﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﳉﱭ، ﺍﻵﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻄﻴﺔ :ﺃﻱ ﺑﺎﻋﺔ ﺳﻘﻂ ﺍﻟﺬﺑﺎﺋﺢ:
ﻭ))ﻣَﺘﺎﳘﱪﻱ(( :ﻣﺎﺀ ﻏﺎﻝ ﻳﺼﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻣﻊ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ))ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ(( :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﺎﺯ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻞ:
ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ ،ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ))ﻣﺘﺎﳘﱪﻱ(( :ﻗﺎﺗﻞ ﺍﳉﻮﻉ. ﻣﻦ ﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ ﻭﺇﺭﺍﺩﺓ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ،ﲣﻴّﻼً ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﲟﺎ
ﻭﻳﺆﻧﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﺧﻞ ﺧﺒﺰ ﺗﻮﻓّﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻓﻖ ﳝﺜﻞ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﲔ ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﻮﱄ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻭﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻳﺼﻨﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﻳﺒﻴﻌﻮﻧﻪ، ﺍﳊﻲ ﺇﺛﺮ ﻧﺰﻭﳍﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻫﺠﺮﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻌﺪ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺑﻠﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﺍﻷﺩﱏ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٤٩٢ﻡ.
ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﺼﻴﺐ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ
))ﺑﻨﺪﻭﻕ(( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ ،ﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻥ ﲡﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ – ﻭﻓﲑﺍً ،ﳌﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ،ﻓﺸﻐﻠﻮﺍ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﲑﻓﺔ
ﻭﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺩﻗﺔ ﻣﺎﺛﻞ ﺍﻵﻥ – ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻲ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺤﻦ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ،
ﲝﻠﺐ ،ﻳﺄﺗﻮﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻊ ﺯﻭﺟﺎﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻓﺮﺍﺕ ،ﻓﺘﻮﻫﻢ ﺷﻐﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻓﻮﺭ ﻧﺰﻭﳍﻢ ﻛﺄﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻴﻌﺎﺩ .ﻭﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﶈﺎﻓﻈﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺶ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺩﻗﺔ ﻓﺼﺎﻏﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺷﺄﻢ ﰲ ﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺳﻼﻧﻴﻚ ﺧﻄﲑﺍً ﻛﺸﺄﻢ ﰲ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻓﻌﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﺍﻓﺔ. ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺕ ﻳﻬﻮﺩﻳﺔ
ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺳﺮﺓ :ﺑﻼﻧﻜﺎ ﻭ ﺟﻮﻟﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺑﺎﺭﻳﺪﺱ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﰲ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﻭﻓﺮﺍﻧﻜﻮ. ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺟﺔ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﳑﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ .ﺍﲰﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺸﺮﻕ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﻧﺴﺎﺀ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺃﻋﻘﺎﻢ ﻳﻮﻫﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻚ JOHANN FUCKﻳﻘﻮﻝ)) :ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺟﺔ )ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺷﺤﺎﺕ( ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ
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ﻭﺭﺟﻌﺖ ﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺍﺀ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻳﻖ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻢ ))ﻋﻴﲏ(( :ﻭﻫﻮ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻋﺮﰊ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺋﺪﺍً ﰲ ﺍﻷﻧﺪﻟﺲ
ﺍﳌﺄﺫﻧﺔ ﰲ ﻏﺮﰊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳉﻬﺔ ،ﻓﻨﻘﻀﺖ ﺩﻭﺭﺍً ﺩﻭﺭﺍً ﻧﻘﻼً ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻠﻮﺣﻴﺔ :ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱪﺑﺮ ﰲ ﴰﺎﱄ
ﻭﺃﻋﻴﺪﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺧﻠﻞ ﰲ ﺷﺮﻗﻲ ﺍﳉﻬﺔ ﺃﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻠﻮﺣﻴﺔ ))ﻃِﻴﻄِﻢ(( :ﻣﻦ ))ﻃﻴﻂ((
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))ﺑﺎﺧﻮﺱ ﺩﻳﻮ(( ،ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻹﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﺧﻮﺱ :ﺇﻟﻪ ﺍﳋﻤﺮ، ﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺎﱂ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴَﻴْﺘَﻪ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺗِﻪ ﺃﻱ:
ﺃﻭ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑَﺲ ﻳَﺘَﺮ(( :ﻣﺘﺮﺍﺩﻓﺎﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻳﻜﻔﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺃﳘﻠﺖ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟـﻢ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴَﻴـْﺘـَﻪ ﳎﺮﺩﺍً
ﺣﺴﺒﻚ؛ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺎﻉ ﺟﻴﺘﺎ(( ﲜﻴﻢ ﺑﲔ ﺑﲔ ﻭﺃﻭﺭﺩﺗﻪ ﻣﺘﺼﻼً ﺑﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ:
ﺃﻋﲏ :ﺑﲔ ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﲔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻴﺖ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﺴَﻴﺘﻬﻲّ :ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﺨﻠﻒ ﺧﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﻓﻴﻨﻈﺮ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﲰﻪ ﻫﺬﺍ ،ﻭﲡﺎﺭﺗﻪ ﺑﻴﺪ ﺃﺳﺘﺎﻫﻬﻢ ،ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺮﻳﺔ:
ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ؛ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺐ :ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﳋﻴﻮﻁ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻘﺪ ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﺭﺟـﻼً ﺩُﻫﺮﻳـﺎً
ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻗﺔ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﻴﺪﻫﻢ ،ﻣﺒﻴﻌﻪ ﰲ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺎﺑﻴﺔ؛ ﳝﺸﻲ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟـﻘﻮﻡ ﺳَﻴْﺘـﻬﻴّـﺎ((
ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺳﻜﺖ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺻﻮﺕ)) :ﻗﺼﺎﺏ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻊ((: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻟﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ))ﺳﺘﻪ((.
ﲟﺪّ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺪﺍﺀ. ﺑﻘﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺮﺩّ ))ﺳَﻴْﺘَﻪ(( ﺇﱃ ))ﺳﻴﺘﺎ((،
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ ﻓﻼ ﳛﺘﻤﻞ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺬﻳﺐ، ﻭﻣﺮﺩﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻗﻠﺒﻮﺍ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻠﲔ ﻳﺎﺀ
ﻷﻥ ))ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ(( ﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ ﻟﻴﺎﻗﻮﺕ، ﻣﺪّ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴﺎً ﳍﺬﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﲔ ،ﰒ ﺃﺑﺪﻟﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﻳﺎﻗﻮﺕ ﺗﻮﰲ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٢٢٨ﻡ ،ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﺓ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺍﳍﺎﺀ ﺃﻟﻔﺎً ﻟﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﳍﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺘﻄﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻗﻒ ﺍﳌﺴﺒﻮﻗﺔ
١٤٩٢ﻡ ،ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺒﻖ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺇﻻ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ﻧﻘﺮّﻩ. ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺢ ،ﺃﻗﻮﻝ :ﻟﺸﺒﻬﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒ ﰒ ﺣﺬﻓﻮﺍ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ ﺑﺪﻻً ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺴَﻴْﺘَﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺤﺸﻮﺭ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻘٔﺪ ﲝﺸﻮﺭﻭ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻟُﻘﺐ ﺷﻴﺨﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﱀ :ﺩﻓﲔ
ﻛﺒﲑ؟ ﻧﺴﻒ ﺍﻷﻧﮕﺮﻱ ﻭﻟﺴّﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺷٕﺒۤﻊ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺑﻄﻨﻪ، ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ،ﻟﻘﺐ ﺑﺴَﻴْﺘﻪ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻓﻴﺔ:
ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ))ﺍﶈﺸﻮﺭ(( ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﳝﺸﻲ ﺇﺛﺮﻫﻢ ﺗﻮﺍﺿﻌﺎً ﻭﺗﻨﻜﺮﺍً،
ﺟﻮﻓﻪ ﺍﶈﺸﻮﺭ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ،ﻳﺆﻧﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻲ ﻷﻧﺎﻧﻴﺘﻪ ،ﻓﻴﺤﺴﺒﻪ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻞ ﺿﻌﻴﻔﺎً ﺫﻟﻴﻼً.
ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻭﺫﻫﺒﻨﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﻘﺮﺉ ﺫﻛﺮ ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ ﰲ ﺳﺠﻼﺕ
ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ :ﺍﳊَﺸْﻮَﺭ. ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ :ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ
ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺸﻮﺭ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ. ﺃﻗﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﻱ – ﻭﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻤﺘﻪ
ﺍﻟﺒَـﺤْﺺ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳊَـﺼَﺐ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﻧﺎﺭ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺣﺪﺛﻪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺫﻭﻱ ﺍﳌﺂﺭﺏ – ﻧﻌﻢ
ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺻﻐﺎﺭﻫﺎ. ﻣﻀﻴﻨﺎ ،ﻓﻮﺟﺪﻧﺎ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻼﺕ ١٣ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ
ﲝﻠﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﺤﻠﻖ ﺑﻌﻴﻮﻧﻮ. ﻟﺒﺤﺴﻴﺘﺎ ﺃﻗﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٠٣١ﻫـ ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺘﺎﻥ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻃﻮﻳﻼً ﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﻃﺒﺎﻕ ﺍﳉﻔﻮﻥ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳉﺎﻣﻊ ﺳﻴﺘﻪ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٢٢٩ﻭ ١٢٣٣ﻫ.
ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﲪﻠﻖ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻓﺘﺢ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻣﺪﺣﻮﺿﺔ،
ﻭﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍً. ﻷﺎ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﳏﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﻠۤﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳓﺴﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﺮﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﳏﺘﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜﺬﻳﺐ – ﻭ ﺇﻥ
ﻛﻮﻝ ﻭﲝﻠۤﻖ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻚ) .ﻭﺳﺎﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻗﻮﺍﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ – ﺷﺄﺎ ﺷﺄﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳُﺰﻋﻢ ﺃﻥ ))ﲝﺴﻴﺘﺎ((
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﻥ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ(. ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ))ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ(( ﺃﻭ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻠـﻬﺎ ))ﺑﺎﺱ ﺇﻳﺪﺍ(( ،ﺃﻱ:
ﺑَـﺤْﻮٔﺭْﺗﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺃﻋﺰﺍﺯ، ﺑﺎﺱ ﻳﺪﻫﺎ ،ﺃﻭ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ
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ﲜﺎﻣﻊ ﳑﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺗﲔ( ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻒ ﻣﺮﺩﻭﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺣَـﻮَﺭﺗﺎٓ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﺻﺢّ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻀﺐ(( ﻋﻦ ))ﺍﺮّﺩ((. ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﺑـﺦّ ﺍﳉﻮﺥ :ﻟﻘﺒﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺮ ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ. ﺍﻟﺒُﺤﲑﺓ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺴﺘﻨﻘﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﳎﺘﻤﻌﻪ،
ﺍﻟﺒﺨٔـّﺎﺧٔﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻫﻲ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ :ﺍﻟﺒﺤﲑﺓ :ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﺋﻲ
ﻭﻋﺎﺀ ﺻﻐﲑ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻟﻠﻮﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﻧﺒﻮﺑﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻭﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ، ﻣﺘّﺴﻊ.
ﻳﻨﻔﺦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻓﲑﺫّ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺤﲑﺍﺕ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﻭﺍﻷَﻭﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻮﺿﻊ ﻟﻠﱵ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ:
ﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻮﺭ :ﻓﻮّﺍﺣﺔ ،ﺭﺍﺫّﺓ. .ALBUFFIRA
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]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﺻﺮّﺣۤﺖ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﲤﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ
ﺷﻌﺮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺮّ ﺷﻌﺮ ﲞﺘﺎ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺲ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻠۤﺔ ﺑﺘﻄﺐّ ﺷﻌﺮﺓ ﲞﺘﻮ. ﻭﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺗﻨﺴﺐ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﺇﱃ ))ﻫﲑﻭٓ(( ﺍﻹﺳﻜﻨﺪﺭﻱ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٣٠ﻕ.ﻡ .ﰒ ﰲ
ﺑﺼّﺎﺭﺓ ﺗﺸﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺖ ﺑﺼّﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺮّﺍﺟۤـﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ١٧ﻃﺒّﻖ ))ﺟﻴﻮٓﻓﺎﱐ ﻻﺑﻮﺭﺗﺎ(( ﺑﻌﺾ ﺧﻄﺔ ﻫﲑﻭٓ
ﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺎ ﺻﺒﺎﻳﺎ! ﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻷﺷﻮﻑ ﻟﻮ ﲞﺘﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻬﻠـﻲ. ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ.
ﻣﺮﺍۤﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺖ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺼﺢ
ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺴﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺟﺮﺍﻫﺎ
ﺑٔﺨٔﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑٔﺨٔﺘﻮ ﻋﺮﺍﺳﻮ ﲝﺠﺮﺓ: ))ﺗﻮﻣﺎﺱ ﺳﺎﻓﺎﺭﻱ(( ﺳﻨﺔ ،١٦٩٨ﰒ ﺗﻼﻩ ))ﺟﻴﻤﺲ
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲞﺘﻪ :ﺿﺮﺑﻪ. ﻭﺍﺕ((.
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ :ﻓﺨﺘﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒُﺨﱵ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺎﻣﲔ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺑٔﺨْﺒٔﺦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲞﺒﺦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺋﻢ :ﻏﻂّ ﺃﻱ:
ﺳﻼﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﺑﻞ ﺍﳋﺮﺍﺳﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﳔﺮ ﰲ ﻧﻮﻣﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﲑُ :ﻫﺪﺭ ﻭﻣﻸﺕ ﺷِﻘﺸِﻘﺘﻪ ﻓﻤﻪ.
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.BOGHDI : ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ)) :ﺑﺦّ(( :ﲞﺒﺨۤﺖ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ BOGHDI :ﺃﻳﻀﺎً. ﺍﳌﻄﺮﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺦ.
ﺍﻟﺒَـﺨَﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺨِﺮ ﺍﻟﻔَﻢُ ﺑَـﺨَﺮﺍً:
ﺃﻧﱳ ﺭﳛﻪ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﲞﺒﺨۤﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﳉﻮٓﺯﺍ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻷَﲞﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﲞﺒﺦ ﺍﻟﺪﻻّﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﺮﻱ.
ﻭﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒَﺨَﺮ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﺍﻷﺳﻨﺎﻥ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﺮﺽ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻢ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﻠﻖ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﺘﲔ ،ﺃﻭ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺒَﺨﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺨْﺖ :ﺍﳊﻆّ،
ﺍﳍﻀﻢ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﺍﻁ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ. ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﻊ ،ﺍﻹﻗﺒﺎﻝ.
ﻭﰲ ﻗﺼﺼﻬﻢ ﻳﺴﻨﺪﻭﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﺑﻄﺎﻝ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ
ﺍﻷﺳﺪ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﺑﻄﺎﻝ ﺠﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺻﺎﺋﺤﺔ :ﺧﻮﺩ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑْﺨﻮﺕ.
ﻫﺎﻟﻀﺮﺑۤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻳﺪ ...ﻳﺎ ﺃﲞﺮ )ﻷﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﻳﻌﺘﺮﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺮﲞﱵ.
ﻣﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺮ(. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﲞﺖ.
ﺑٔﺨٔـّﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲞّﺮﻩ ﻭﲞّﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺩﺧّـﻨﻪ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻭْﻟِﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲞﱵ ،ﻟﻴﺶ ﰲ
ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺨﻮﺭ ،ﻃﻴّﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ ،ﺍﳌﺎﺀَ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺑُﺨﺎﺭﺍً. ﻣﺘﻞ ﲞﱵ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﲞﺖ ﻋﻄﻴﲏ ﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ
ﺗﺒﺨﲑ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲞﻮﺭ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ: ﺍﺭﻣﻴﲏ ،ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﺧَﻠٔﻖ ﺃٕﺧﺘﲔ ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻖ ﲞﺘﲔ ،ﺑﻨﺎﺕ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﺍ ﺑﺒﺨّۤﺮ ﻟﺮﺑّـﻮ ﺑﺒﻼﺵ. ﺍﻟﺒْﺨﻮﺕ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻦ ﲣﻮﺕ ،ﲣﺘۤﻚ ﻏﻴّﺮﺗﻴﻪ ﻟﻜﻦ ﲞﺘﻚ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺑَﺨۤـّﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﻣﺎ ﻏﻴّﺮﺗﻴﻪ.
ﺗﱪﻉ ﻭﺗﻜﺮّﻡ(.
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ﻗﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺸۤﺔ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﰲ ﻗﻠﱯ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻜﻔٓﺮ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﻣﲏ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻟﻒ ﻣﺒﺨۤـّﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻠﺤّۤﻖ
ﻭﺑﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﻟَﻚ ﻫﺪﻳﻚ ﺍﳌﺮﺓ ﺑَﻼ ﲞﻮﺭ ﻭﺑﻼ ﻮﻳﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ )ﻣﻔﻠّۤﺖ(.
ﻭﺷﻴﺦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻧﻔﻀﺖ ﺑﺮﺑﻊ ﺟﻨﻴﻪ ،ﻫٔﻠّٔﻖ ﺷﻘﺪ
ﺑﺪﱠﻙ ﺗﻌﻄﻴّٓﻦ ،ﻭﻫﻴﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﱯ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻑ ]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﰐ ﺃﻧﺎ:
ﻭﻟﺒّﺴﻮﱐ ﻗﻨﺪﺭﰐ ،ﻭﻣﺪﻳﺖ ﺇﻳﺪﻱ ﳉﻴﱯ ﺭﮔﺪﻭﺍ ﺑﺰﻣﺎﱐ ﺳﺎﻓﺮﺕ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻟﻔﻠﺴﻄﲔ ﻭﺯﺭﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀﺍ
ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻭﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺪﻓﻊ ﺷﻲ ،ﺑﺲ ﺍﻛﺘﻮﺏ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻲ ﺍﻷﺏ ﻣﺮﻣﺮﺟﻲ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﺷﻴﱯ ﻭ...
ﺃﺳﺎﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﻗﻮﻝ ﻟﻮ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻚ ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﻠﻨﺎﻙ. ﻭﺷﻔﺖ ﻣﺘﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺱ ﻭﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺴﺎ ﻭﺁﺛﺎﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ
ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻣﻌﺎ ﻭﻭﺻﻠﺖ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ،ﻭﺗﻌﺸﺒﻘﻮﱐ
ﺑٔﺨٔﺰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﲞﺰ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ :ﻓﻘﺄﻫﺎ. ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﺑﺪّٓﻥ ﳛﻜﻮﺍ ﱄ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ )ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲞﺺ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﲞﺴﻬﺎ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻩ ﺑﻌﺮﻓﻮ( ،ﺻﺮﻓﱳ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﺼﺮﻓﻮ ،ﺻﺮﻓﱳ
)ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩ ﺃﻋﻠَﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﲔ ﻣﻨﻜَﺮ(. ﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﺑٕﻘﻲ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﰎ ﻣﺎۤﺷﻲ ﻭﺭﺍﻱ ﻋﻢ ﺑﮕﺮ ﻋﻦ
ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻓﻮ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻷﺧﲑ ﻋﻄﻴﻨﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ
ﺑٔﺨٔﺲ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲞﺲ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻞَ :ﻧﻘﺼﻪ ،ﻭﲞﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺐ.
ﻓﻼﻧﺎً :ﻋﺎﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺣﻘّﻪ :ﻇﻠﻤﻪ ،ﻭﲦﻦ ﺑَﺨْﺲ :ﻧﺎﻗﺺ.
ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻢ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺯﺭﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﻟﺪﻳﺔ،
ﺑٔﺨٔﺶ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﲞﺲ ﻋﻴﻨَﻪ :ﻓﻘﺄﻫﺎ ،ﰒ ﻭﺎﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺣﻔﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻗﻔﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺛﻘﺐ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻷﻳﻮﰊ. ﺍﳋﺎﻟﺪﻱ ،ﺩﻋﺎﱐ ﻭﺃﻛﺮﻣﲏ ﻭﻋﻄﺎﱐ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ ﳌﺪﻳﺮ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﲝﺶ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ( :ﲝﺚ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻳﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﰊ ،ﻭﻻﺣﻈﺖ ﺃﻧﻮ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻧﻌﺒﻂ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺣﻔﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻘٔﻰ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺮﺿﻴﲏ ،ﻭﻣﻨّﺎ ﻓﻬﻤﺖ ﺃﻧﻮ
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲞﺰ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺭﺕ ﺃﻟﻮٓ ﺳﻴﻄﺮﺓ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑﻭ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﺨﺶ ﻭﺗﺒﺨّﺶ
ﻭﺑَﺨﻮﺵ ﻭﺗْﺒﺨﻮﺵ. ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﺺ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ ﻣﺎﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺗﺮﺟّﺎﱐ ﺃﺯﻭﺭ
ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺨﺶ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺐ ،ﻭﲨﻌﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ،ﺍﻋﺘﺬﺭﺕ ﺃﻧﻮ ﺯﺭﺗﻮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ
ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺑْﺨﺎﺵ ﻭﺑْﺨﻮﺵ ﻭﺑْﺨﻮﺷۤﺔ. ﻭﻗﺖ ،ﺃﱀّ ،ﻟﺒّﻴﺖ ﻟﻠﻮ ﻃﻠﺒﻮ ﻭﻳﺎﻟﻠّﻪ ﻋﺎﳌﺴﺠﺪ ،ﻭﺳﺒﻘﲏ،
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻ ﺗﻌﺰﻡ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﺎﻟﻌﺸﺎ ﻛﻮ ﻭﺗﻴۤﺮﻱ ﻛَﻠَﺶ ﻛﻞ ﻫَﺪﻭﻟﻴﻚ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺷﻔﱳ ﺃﻭﻝ
ﺑﺒﺨﺸﻚ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﳜﺠﻠﻚ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ :ﻳﺘﺮﻙ ﺛﻐﺮﺓ ﻣﺮﺓ ،ﻭﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻕ ﺣﻄﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﺎﻣﺮ ﻭﺭﺷﻮﺍ
ﻋﻴﺐ ﳛﻴﻖ ﺑﻚ(. ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻮﺭ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻨّﻦ ﺷﻠّﺤﲏ ﻗﻨﺪﺭﰐ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﳓﻨۤﻪ ﻣﺘﻞ ﲞﺎﺵ ﺍﻟﻨﺎٔﻱ: ﻭﻣﺴﻜﺎ ﺑﺈﻳﺪﻭ ،ﻭﻣﺸﻴﺖ ﻭﻣﺸﻴﻮﺍ ﻗﺪّﺍﻣﻲ ﲬﺲ ﻣﺒﺎﺧﺮ
ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑْﺮﺍﻱ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳌﺼﻔﺎۤﻳۤﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﻘﺎ ﻭﻗﺪﺍﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺑﺪﻗﻨﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴۤﺮﺓ ﻭﻛﻠﻦ ﻋﻢ
ﲞﺶ. ﺑﺼﻴﺤﻮﺍ :ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺻﻞﱢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ ....ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟَﻢ ﰲ
ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻄﻠﻌﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﲏ ﻭﺑﺴﺄﻟﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﻀﻦ :ﻣﻨﻮ ﻫﺎﺩ ؟
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﳉﻲ ﲞﺶ ﻣﻨﻮ ﻫﺎﺩ ؟ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺻﺮﺕ
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ﺗﺼﺎﻧﻴﻒ ﻃﺒﻊ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺭﺍﻏﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺥ .ﻣﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﺮ ،ﺣَﻨَﻚ ﲞﺶ ﺍﻟﺘﻨَﻚ ،ﺑٔﺨٔﺸﺖ ﻛﻔّﻲ ﻭﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ
ﺱ ١٠٩٨ﻫ. ﺑﺘﻌﻄﻴﲏ ،ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﻧﺘﻴﻜﺎ ﺑﻼ ﺑَﺨﺶ .ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺸﻴﺶ :ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺸﻴﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺣﻼﻭﺓ ﺍﳌﻨﻔﻮﺵ ﺭﻭ ﺭﻗّۤﻊ ﺟﺮﺍﺑﻚ ﺍﳌﺒﺨﻮﺵ ،ﻳﺎ ﲞﺶ
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺨﺸِﺶ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ))ﲞﺸﻴﺪﻥ(( :ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﻦّ ! ،ﺭﺍﺳﻚ ﻧﺎﻗﺼﻮ ﲞﺶ ﺗﻴﺼﲑ )ﻗﻔﺎ( ،ﺃﻟﻒ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ
ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺟﺮ ،ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ ،ﺍﳍﺒﺔ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﺑﻠﻴﺲ ﻣﺎ ﲞﺸۤﺖ ﻗﻤﻴﺺ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺷﻴﺶ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﻔّﻮ ﻣﺒﺨﻮﺵ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺨﺸِﺶ :ﻫﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ) :ﻻﳝﺴﻚ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ :ﻛﺮﱘ(.
ﻟﻠﺼﻐﲑ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻫﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﻟﻠﻜﺒﲑ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ:
))ﺑَﺸﻜَﺶ(( ،ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﻫﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺪّ ﻟﻠﻨﺪّ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺷﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺭﻓﻴﻘﻮ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭ ))ﺗﻌﺎﺭﻑ(( ﻭﺑﻨﻄﻠﻮﻧﻮ ﻣﺒﺨﻮﺵ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺭﺍ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ
ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎً. ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ.
ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﲞﺸﻴﺶ :ﺑٔﺎﻏْﺸﻴﺶ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[) :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻬﺰﺝ ﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ(:
ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﺒﲏ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺑَﺨﺸَﺶ. ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ ﺭﺍۤﻛﺐ ﺟﺤﺸﻮ ﻫﺐّ ﺍﳍﻮﺍ ﰲ ﲞﺸﻮ ﻳـﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺭﰊ ﺗﺒﻌﺞ ﻛﺮﺷـﻮ ﻷﺳﺎﻭِﻱ )ﻋﻘﺒﻮ( ﺯﻣّﺎﺭﻩ
ﻭﻋﺮﰊ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺸﻴﺶ :ﺍﳊُﻠﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺷِﻦ: ﺑٔﺨّٔﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲞﺶ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
)ﻣﺎ ﻳُﺮﺿﺦ ﺃﻱ :ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﻟﺘﻠﻤﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻧﻊ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﲰّﻌﺘﲏ ﺑﺎﳊَﻠَﻖ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺨْﺸﻴّﺔ :ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺩﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﲞّﺸﺖ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺩﺍﱐ )ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ :ﻋﺸﻤﺘﲏ ﺑﺎﳊَﻠَﻖ
ﺃﺗﺒﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﺴﺘﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻓﺪ ﲨﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺧﺮّﻣﺖ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺩﺍﱐ(.
ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻭﺑﻴﺪﻫﻢ ﺧﺸﺎﺧﻴﺶ ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻬﺎ :ﺗﺒﺨّﺶ.
ﻳﻮﻗﻌﻮﻥ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﺑﲔ ﺷﻴﺨﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﺗﺒﺎﻋﻪ
)ﻭﻻ ﻧﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ(: ﺑٔﺨْﺸَﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺸﻴﺶ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺸﻴﺶ ،ﺃﻭ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻫﺒﺔً.
– ﺟﺎﺭِﻯ ﺳَﺮْﻭَ ْﺭ ﺳٔﺎﻭﺱْ ﻭٔﻫْﻦ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺗﺒﺨﺸﺶ.
– ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﰲ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ(( ﺟـ ٣ﺹ ١٢٩ﻋﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ
ﻣُﻬْﺒَﺖْ ﻣَﻦْ – ﭼِﻴﱠﺮ ﺟِﲑٔﻙ ﻧﻌﻮﻡ ﲞﺎﺵ ﺳﻨﺔ :١٨٤٩ﲞﺸﺸﻮﱐ ﻋﺮﻗﻴّﺔ ﻟﻔّﺔ.
– ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﳌﺎ ﺑﺴﻜَﺮ ﺑﺒﺨﺸﺶ
ﻳﻮٓﻝ ﺑْﻼٔﻩ – ﻫَﻨْﺪ ﻛَﻼﺣِﻲ ﺟﻼۤﻟﻮ.
– ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ
ﺑٔﺨٔﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲞﻌﻮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻛﺘﻨﻊ. ﺍﻟﺒَﺨﺸﻲ :ﺣﺴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ،ﻟﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺎﺕ،
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﲞﻌﻪ :ﻗﻬﺮﻩ ،ﺃﺫﻟّﻪ. ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١١٩٠ﻫ.
ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ :ﺑﻜﻊ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒَﺨﺸﻲ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ،ﺳﻜﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﺨﻊ. ﻭﲰﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺸﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺔً ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺸﻴﺔ– ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ– ﻟﻪ
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ﲞّﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﱘ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺳﻜﻠﻤﻦ. ﺑٕﺨۤﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲞِﻞ ﺑُﺨﻼً – ﻭﻫﻢ
ﺑٔﺨْﻮٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲞﺶ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ– :ﺷﺢﱠ ،ﲞﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﱂ ﻳﻌﻄﻪ.
ﻓﻌﻮٔﻝ. ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻴﻞ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺨﻼﺀ،
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺗْﺒَﺨْﻮﺵ. ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻴﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﺨﻴﺦ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺑﺦ ﺍﳌﻲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺨﻴﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺨِﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻓَﺮﺟﻲ ﻋﺬﺭﻙ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻔﺮﺟﻲ
– ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑُﺨﻼﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ ﻭﻗﺼﺮﻭﺍ. ﺑٕﺨﻠﻚ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻞ ﻣﺎﻧٕﺰۤﻝ ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻤﺎ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻧﺎﺱ ﺗﻌﻠّﻤۤﺖ ﻣﻦ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻴﻞ ﻋﻀﻤۤﺔ ﳎﺮﻭﻣۤﺔ. ﻧﺎﺱ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻴﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻜﺮّﻡ ﺑﺘﺘﻌﺠﺐ
ﻣﻼﻳﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﲞﻠﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻌﻄﻲ
ﺳﺨﻮﻧﺘﻮ ﳊﺪﺍ ،ﻣﻦ ﲞﻠﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺸﺦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇٕﺻﺒﻌﺔ ﳎﺮﻭﺡ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺘٔﺸﺮﺩٔﻕ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﻢ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲞﻴﻞ.
ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﳚﻴﻪ ﺃٔﺭﻣﻐﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﲞﻴﻞ.
ﺑَﺨٔـّﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲞّﻠَﻪ :ﺭﻣﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺨﻞ.
ﺑٕﺪّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﺑﻜﺮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺨﱡﻮﺭ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒَﺨُﻮﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ
ﻭﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺭﻓﻴﻘﻲ ﺑﻜﺮﻱ ،ﻭﻣﺮﺗﻮ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﺗﺮﻭ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪ( :ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺻﻤﻐﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﲢﺮﻕ ﻓﺘﻔﻮﺡ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﻣَﺤْﻨﺎ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻓﺘﺼﺮﻓﻪ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﻃﻴﺒﺔ.
ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ. ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﺨّﻮﺭﺍﺕ ،ﻭﻗﻠﻤﺎ
ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ :ﺑﻮﺩﱢﻱ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺩّ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﳊﺐ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻷﻥ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺟﻨﺲ ﲨﻌﻲ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﲏ :ﺑﻮﺩﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻔﻌﻞ ﻛﺬﺍ ،ﺃﻱ :ﰲ ﺭﺳﺦ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﲞﻮﺭ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ،ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﰲ ﻧﻄﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﻛﻞ
ﺃﻣﻨﻴﱵ. ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺗﻴﻨﺠﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻟﻜُﻨﺪُﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﱡﺒَﺎﻥ ﻭﻏﲑﳘﺎ .ﻭﲰﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺨﻮﺭ
ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﲞﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ﻭﲞﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّ
ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﲞﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﱪﺑﺮ ﻭﲞﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﻥ ﻭﲞﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﱘ.
ﺑﻮﺩّﻱ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ،ﻛﺄﻥ ﺍﳊﺪﺙ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑَﺨّﻮﺭﻭٓ ﺃﻗﻮﻯ ﻣﻦ
ﳛﺪﺙ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔ ﰲ ﺣﺪﻭﺛﻪ ،ﻓﻜﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﲞّﻮﺭﻙ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻧﻔﻮﺫﻩ ﺃﻗﻮﻯ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺸﺘﻐﻠﲔ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻭﺣﺎﱐ ،ﻳﻮﳘﻮﻥ ﺃﻢ ﺑﺈﺣﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻮﺭ
))ﻋﻤّﺎﻝ(( ﻭﳐﺘﺼﺮﻫﺎ ))ﻋﻢ(( :ﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﲤﻄﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻢ ﲤﻄﺮ، ﻭﺗﻼﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﺍﺋﻢ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻋﺎﺟﻴﺐ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻢ ﺳﻠﺒﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ
ﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻝ ،ﻭﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻤّﺎﻝ ﺃﻱ :ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ ،ﻭﻻ ﻧﻨﺴﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﺙ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻋﻢ
ﺍﻵﻥ. ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺃﻥ ﰲ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻗﻮﺏ ﻛﱰﺍً ﻣﺮﺻﻮﺩﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﻢ
ﻭﻏﺮﻳﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺳﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ BUDUﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻫﺬﺍ ،ﻭﻻﻳﻜﻠﻔﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﻛﺎﻟﺴﲔ ﻭﺳﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺘﲔ. ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﱄ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﻠﻌﻮﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺎﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﻭﺑَﺲ.
ﻭﺗﺼﺮّﻑ ))ﺑﺪ(( ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :ﺑٕﺪّﻱ ،ﺑٕﺪﻧﺎ،
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ﻫﺎﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ ﺑﺪّﻙ ﻭﻛﻴﻞ ،ﺍﳊَﺶّ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺭﺵّ )ﺃﻱ: ﺑٕﺪﱠﻙ ،ﺑٕﺪّۤﻙ ،ﺑٕﺪْﻛٓﻦ ،ﺑٕﺪّﻭٓ ،ﺑٕﺪّﺍ ،ﺑٕﺪّ ٓﻥ.
ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻳﺴﺘﺪﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺏ( ،ﻫﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺪّﻙ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺷﱪ
ﻣﻨّﺎ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺩﺭﺍﻉ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻮﺍﻧﺎ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺼﱪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻠﻮﺍﻧﺎ، ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ))ﻣﺎﺭﺩﻳﻦ(( ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺑﺪّۤﻙ:
ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﲑ ﺣﺒﻠﻮ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ :ﻧﺎۤﺷۤﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑٕﺪْﻛِﻲ.
ﺣﻨﻄﺔ.
ﻭﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ))ﺑ ّﺪ(( ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤﲑ ))ﻧﺎ(( ﳚﻮﺯ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺩﺭﻫۤﻢ ﻣﺎﻝ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻗﻨﻄﺎﺭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ:
ﻋﻘﻞ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻳﱪٓﻙ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﻘﻠﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﻮ.
)) ً ١ﺑٕﺪﻧﺎ(( :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ :ﺑﺪﻧﺎ ﳕﺸّۤﻖ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﳉﺤﺎۤ :ﺍﺑﻨَﻚ )) –ً ٢ﺑٕـﻨّﺎ(( :ﲝﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ :ﺑﻨّﺎ ﻧﻠﻌﺐ.
ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻋﺮﻗﻴّﺔ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﻟﻴۤﺶ ﺿﺎﺭۤﺑﲏ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻰ ؟ ،ﺍﻟﺪٕﻣّﻠۤﺔ )) ً ٣ﻣٕـﻨّﺎ(( :ﲝﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﻭﺇﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴّﺔ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﺃﳒﺲ ،ﻳﺎﻋﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺎ! ﺍﻟﺪۤﻳﻦ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻣﻴﻤﺎً :ﻣٕـﻨّﺎ ﻧﺸﻮﻑ ﺧﺎﻃﺮﻙ.
ﻭﻓﺎ ،ﻟﻮ ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﺧﺮٓﺝ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻴﺴﻲ ﻣﺎﺳﺎﻭﻳﺘﻚ ﻋﺮﻳﺴﻲ،
ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺪّﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﺸْﻜﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻋﺒّﻴۤﺖ ﱄ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻭﻳﻘﺎﺑﻞ ))ﺑـ ّﺪ(( ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ
ﭼﻮﺍﻝ ،ﺟٕﺪﻱ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﻠﻌﺐ ﺑﻌﻘﻞ ﺗﻴۤﺲ ،ﺑﺪﻭ ﻋﺼﻔﻮﺭ ))ﻏﺎﺩ(( ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻏﺎﺩ ﻧﺼﻮﻡ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﻨﺼﻮﻡ.
ﻭﺧﻴﻄﻮ ،ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺒﲏ ﺣﻴﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻴﻂ ،ﺑﺪﻭ ﻗﻂ ﻣﻦ
ﺧﺸﺐ :ﻳﺼﻄﺎﺩ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺎﻛٓﻞ ،ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﻭ ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﺑﺒﻴّـۤﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﻋﻤۤﻞ ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﺃﺵ
ﻣﻦ )ﻭﺳﺨﻮ( ،ﻫﺎﻟﻜﻨﻴﺴۤﺔ ﺍﳋﺮﺑﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﻫﺎﻟﻘﺴﻴﺲ ﺑﺘﺮﻳﺪ ﺳﺎﻭﻱ ،ﺃﺵ ﺑﺪّﻙ ﻣﻨّﻲ ،ﻛٓﻮﻥ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﻌﻤﺮ،
ﺍﻷﻋﻤﻰ ،ﻋﻄﻴﻨﺎﻩ ﻭﭺ ﺑﻘَﻰ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺑْﻄﺎﻧۤﺔ ،ﻫﺎﻟﺘﻠۤـّﺔ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻋﻢ ﺑْﻮٕﻅّ ﻣﺮﺗَﻚ ،ﺑﺪﱠﻙ ﻳﺎﻫﺎ
ﻫﺎﳉﻮﺭﺓ ،ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺑﺪّﻙ ﻋٕﻨۤﺐ ﺇﻻٕ ﺑﺪّﻙ ﺗﻘﺎﺗﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻃﻮﺭ؟، ﻋﺎﳌﺴﻮﻛﺮ ،ﺃﻛﻠۤﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺪﻙ ﻳﺎﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﻙ ﲡﺮّﻭ ﻋﺎﻟﺼﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﺲ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺻﻴﺪﻭ،
ﻭٕﺣﺪۤﺓ ﻧﻔﺴﺎ ﻭﻭﺣﺪۤﺓ ﻋﺮﻭﺱ ﻭﻣﲏ ﺑﻘٔﻰ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﲢﻮﺱ، ﻭﻳﻨﺴﺒﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﺃﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﻭ ﻳﻄﻌﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﻋﻀﻤۤﺔ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﻌﻮﱢﻱ ﻣﻌﻮ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﻭ ﺍﺑﺘﻬﺎﻻﻢ)) :ﻳﺎ ﺃﺭﺣﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﲪﲔ ﺇﻥ ﱂ ﺗﺮﺣﻢ ﻣﻦ
ﻳﻠﻌﺐ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻂ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﳛﻤۤﻞ ﺧﺮﺍﻣﻴﺸﻮ. ﻳﺮﺣﻢ ،ﺑﺪﻙ ﺗﺮﺣﻢ ،ﻏﺼﺒﺎً ﺗﺮﺣﻢ((.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻟﻮ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﲤﻄۤﺮ ﺯﻻۤﺑﻴﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻛﻮﻳّـۤﺲ ﻭﺭﺧﻴۤـّﺺ
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻏﻴّﻤﺖ ﻋﺠﲔ. ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻧﺎﺱ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺣﻠﻮﺗﺎ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺼﺒٓﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣٕﺮّﺗﺎ ،ﻗﺎﻝ
ﻟﻮ :ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﺨﻲ ! ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺗﻚ ﺑﺎﳉﻨۤﺔ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺷﻲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻘﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﺗﺸﺘّﻲ ﻳﻘﻄّﻌﲏ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻌﺮﻓﻮ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﺪﻙ ﺗﺘﻌﺮّﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﻭ
ﻳﻨﺸﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﻧﺔ ﲝﻮّﺵ ﻻ ﻛﻴﺲ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺍﻷﻋﻤﻰ ﺃﺵ
ﺑﺪّﻭ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺟﻮﺯ ﻋﻴﻮﻥ )ﺃﻭ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺷﻲ
ﻳﻄﺲ ﺩﺭﺑﻮ( ،ﻟﻮ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﲤﻄٓﺮ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻏﻴّﻤۤﺖ ،ﻋﻠﻰ
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ﻳﺒﺬﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﺭﻭﺍﺣﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﻣﻮﺍﳍﻢ ﻟﻪ ،ﺑﺬﻟﻮﺍ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﻮ ﺑﺘﺪﻓﺎ )ﻫﻮﺍ( ،ﻣﺎ ﺑﺪﻱ ﻗﻨﺪﺭﺓ ﺗﺰٔﻗﺰۤﻕ ﺑﺪّﻱ
ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺁﻻﻑ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻟﻨﺤﺘﻪ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻃﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺗﺒٔﻘﺒۤﻖ ،ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ ﺍﳌﺎ ﻳﻨﺼﺮّ ،ﺑﺪّﻭ
ﻓﻜﺜﲑﺓ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ. ﻓَﺖ ﺧﺒﺰ ﻛﺘﲑ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ١٢٠ﺹ ١١٣ﻭ :١٧٥ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ [ :ﺑﺪّﻙ ﺑَﺖّ ﻭﺳﻴﻔﺎً ﺣﺪّ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺋﻴﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺵ ﻣﻨّﺎ ﻣﻨّﻮ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﺪﺍﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒِﺬﺍﺭ :ﺍﳊَﺐ ﺍﳌﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺪٕ ّ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺖٕ ّ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺖ.
ﻟﻠﺰﺭﻉ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺪﺭ ،ﻭﺍﻧﺒﺪﺭ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﺪْﺀ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺪْﺀ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺒﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺃﺟﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻭﺓ.
ﻭ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺗﻔﺸﻜﻠﺖ ﺑﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻏﻴۤـّﺮ ﺑﺪﺍﺭٔﻙ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺑَـﺪﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ
ﺟﺎﺭﻙ. )ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ( :ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺤﻪ ،ﻗﺪّﻣﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ،ﻭﰲ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺪٔﺍﺭْﻛۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ :ﺃﺧﺬ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍﻟﱪّﻱ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻴﻌﻲ ﻳﺄﻛﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﺧﺎً ﻣﻊ ﻏﲑﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﺖ،
ﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ(( ﻭﻻ ﰲ ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑٕﺪِﻱ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ.
))ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ(( ﻟﻠﺸﻬﺎﰊ. ﺑـَﺪﺍ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻇﻬﺮ.
ﺑَﺪﺍﻝ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒَﺪَﻝ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﳌّﺎ ﺑﺪﺍ ﻳﺘﺜﻨّﻰ..
ﺍﻟﻌِﻮَﺽ. ﺑـَﺪّﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺪّﺃﻩ )ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ(:
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﺎﻟَﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﺑﺪﺍﻟﻚ. ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺒﺘﺪﻯﺀ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑَﺪﺍﻝ ﻣﺎ ﲤﺸﻲ ﻭﺰّﻱ ﺑَـﺪﱠﻯ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺪّﺍﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻮ،
ﻛﺘﻔۤﻚ ﺭﻗﻌﻲ ﻓﺮﺩﺓ ﺧٕﻔۤـّﻚ ،ﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﻻ :ﻛﺶّ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺪّﺃﻩ :ﻗﺪّﻣﻪ ﻭﻓﻀّﻠﻪ.
ﺍﺿﺮﺑﺎ ﺍﻛﺴﻮﺭ ﺃﺟﺮﺍ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻟَﺨَﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑَﺒَﺪّﻳﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻭﺣﻲ.
ﺑْﺪﺍﻣﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻮﺭ، ﺍﻟﺒِﺪﺍﺋِﻲ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍۤﻣﺎٓ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﻡ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ )ﺍﳌﺜﻠﺜﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ( :ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ.
ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٤
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻳﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺩﺍۤﻣﺎٓ: ﻋﺪﺓ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﺪﺍﺋﻲ :ﻳﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ :ﺑﻔﺮﺵ
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً) .ﺣﻠﺐ .(٨٥ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺩﺍﺀ ،ﰒ ﺑﺪﺭﺟﻪ ﰒ ﺑﺮﺑﻄﻪ ،ﰒ ﻳﺪﻭﺱ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺪﺣﺮﺟﻮﻧﻪ ،ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺔ((
ﺑِﺪﺍﻳۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺪﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻭﺑَﺪﺍﻳﺘﻪ – ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ ﺑﻀﻔﺮ ﺍﳊﺒﺎﻝ
ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺺ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﺮّﻱ ﻭﲨﺎﻋﺘﻪ– :ﺃﻭّﻟﻪ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺮّﻩ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﳌﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺑﺪﺍﺋﻲ،
ﻛﺴﺮﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﺀﻫﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﺮﺍً ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ. ﻭﲤﺜﺎﻝ ﻣﻌﺒﻮﺩ ﺣﻠﺐ ))ﺣﺪﺩ(( ﺗﺮﺍﻩ ﰲ ﻣﺘﺤﻒ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﻨّﺎً
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑِﺪﺍﻳﺖ. ﺑﺪﺍﺋﻴﺎً ﺻـﺮﻓﺎً ﻣﻊ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺇﳍـﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛـﻤﺎ ﻛـﺎﻧﻮﺍ
٧١
ﺃﻭ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑَﺪُﻉ(( ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺃﺗَﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺪﻳﻊ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ
ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ،ﺃﻣّﺎ ))ﺑﺪﱠﻉ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻼ ﺻﻠﺔ ﳍﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ :ﺑِﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﳏﻜﻤﻪ
))ﺑَﺪّﻉ(( ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ،ﺇﺫ ﻣﺪﻟﻮﻝ ﺑﺪّﻋﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻧﺴﺒﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺳﻲ ،ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻮﻫﺎ :ﳏﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒِﺪﺍﻳَﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺒِﺪﻋﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒَﺪْﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﻠﺊ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ :ﺃﻣﲑ ﺍﻟﺒﺰﻕ ﺑُﺪﻭﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﺃﻭﻟﻪ ،ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ:
ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺑﺒﺪۤ ّﻉ ﺑﺘﻘﺎﺳﻴﻤﻮ. ﺑْﺪﻭﺭٔﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺪْﻋٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒِﺪﻋﺔ :ﳐﺎﻟﻔﺔ
ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ. ﻭﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺭ :ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒِﺪﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒِﺪَﻉ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮﻱ.
ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ. ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺫﻛﻮﺭﻫﻢ :ﺑَﺪْﺭ ،ﻭﺑﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ.
ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺪَﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﻊ :ﺯٕﺭﻧﺎ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ: ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺇﻧﺎﺛﻬﻢ :ﺑﺪﺭﻳّﺔ.
ﺃﺵ ﺗٕﺤَﻒ ؟ ﺃﺵ ﺑٕﺪَﻉ ؟. ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﺼﻬﻢ ﻗﺼﺔ ))ﺳﺖ ﺍﻟﺒْﺪﻭﺭ((.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻜﺎﻳﺪﱐ ﻟﻴۤﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺏﱠ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻭﺭ ﻟﻠﺒﺪﻭﺭ ) :ﺃﻱ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺪَﻉ. ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﺎﻟﺲ( ،ﻧﻄﻖ ﺑﺪﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻧﺸﺮﺡ ﺻﺪﺭﻱ.
ﺑَـﺪَﻝ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺪَﻟﻪ ﻭﺃﺑﺪﻟﻪ :ﻏﻴّﺮﻩ، ﺑَـﺪَﺭ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺬﺭ ﺍﳊﺐﱠ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻟﻘﺎﻩ
ﺍﲣﺬ ﻋﻮﺿﺎً ﻣﻨﻪ. ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺯﺭﻋﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻝَ :ﻓﺮّﻗﻪ ﺇﺳﺮﺍﻓﺎً ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢَ :ﺑﺜّﻪ
ﻭﻧﺸﺮﻩ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﺪﻝ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ– ﻭﺗﺒﺪﱠﻝ. ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﺪﺭ ﻭﺗﺒﺪّﺭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺪﻻً ﺑـﺪّﺭ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺬّﺭ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ :ﻓﺮّﻗﻪ ﺇﺳﺮﺍﻓﺎً
ﻋﻨﻪ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺪﻻً ﻣﻨﻪ. ﻭﺑﺪّﺩﻩ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﺪَﻝ :ﻏﲑُ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻳﻐِﲏ ﻏَﻨﺎﺀَﻩ. ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻘﺮﺽ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺪَﻝ ﻭﺑَﺪَﻻً ﻭﺑَﺪَﻝ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻣﺮﻳﻦ :ﺍﳌْﺒَﺪۤ ّﺭ.
ﻧﻘﺪﻱ. ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗﺒﺪّﺭ.
ﺑَﺪَﻝ ﻧﻘﺪﻱ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻓﻊ
ﲬﺴﲔ ﻟﲑﺓ ﺫﻫﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒَـﺪْﺭٔﺓ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋَﻨﺪﻭ ﺑﺪﺭﺓ ﻣﺎﻝ:
ﲪﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺡ ﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﺇﻋﻔﺎﺋﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻨﺪﻳﺔ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺰﺍﻭﳍﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺪْﺭٔﻩ :ﻛﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ ،ﻭ ﻗﻴﻞ
ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻻّ ﻳﺒﻴﻊ ﺃﺭﺿﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺟﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺨﻠﺔ ،ﻭﻛﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻟﻴﺔ. ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔﻮﺍ ﰲ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺲ
ﻓﻘﻴﻞ :ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺁﻻﻑ ﺩﺭﻫﻢ ،ﻭ ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺃﻟﻒ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭ،
ﺑـَﺪﱠﻝ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺪﱠﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﲣﺬ ﻏﲑﻩ ﻭ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ.
ﻋﻮﺿﺎً ﻋﻨﻪ ،ﺑﺪّﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﲣﺬﻩ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺑﺪّﻝ
ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ :ﺣﺮّﻓﻪ ﻭﻏﻴّﺮﻩ. ﺑـَﺪﱠﻉ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺪّﻉ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﳌﻐﻨﱢﻲ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻧﺒﺪﻝ ﻭﺗﺒﺪﻝ ﻭﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ. ﻭﻫﺎﳋﻄﻴﺐ ﺑﺒﺪّﻉ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺑﺪﻉ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(،
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]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺪﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺺ ﺃﻟٕﺎ ﺍﻛﻤﺎۤﻡ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺑﲏ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﺪۤ ّﻝ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻔﻮﺭ ﻳﺒﺪّﻝ ﺃﺳﻨﺎﻧﻪ.
ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﳚﻴﻪ ﺑﺪﻟۤﺔ ﻣﻠﻮﻛﻴۤـّﺔ. ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻫﺎﻟﻄﲑ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﺪۤ ّﻝ ﻭﻫﺎﳉۤﻴﺠﺔ ﻋﻢ
ﺑﺘﺒﺪّۤﻝ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺶ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﺑﺪﻟﺔ ﺃﺳﻨﺎۤﻥ :ﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﺳﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺶ :ﺣﺴﺮ.
ﺑﺪﻟﺔ ﺃﺳﻨﺎﻥ ،ﻷﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﳍﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﺒﺪﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺲ ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺍﳓﺴﺮ.
))ﻃﻘﻢ(( ،ﻓﺎﲢﺪﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺪَﻟﻴّﺔ :ﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻱ ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﳌﻴﺰﺭ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺲ
– ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ– ،ﻭﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊَﺠۤـّﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻟﻴﺔ :ﺃﻥ ﺑﺂﺧﺮ ﻣﺒﻠﻮﻝ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ.
ﳛﺞ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺑﺪﻝ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻋﺎﺟﺰ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺮﻳﺾ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻴﺖ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺪّﻟﻨﺎ ﻏﺰﻻﻧﻨﺎ ﺑﻘﺮﻭﺩ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺪَﻥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳉﺴﺪ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﺒَﺪْﻟۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﳒﻲ
ﻭﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ. ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﺎﻛﻴﺖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺑْﺪﺍﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺼﻠﻮﻥ ﻭﱂ ﺗﻜﻦ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺪﻟﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻨﻴﺔ ،ﺇﺫ
ﳘﺰﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒَﺪْﻟﺔ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒِﺬﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ :ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺒﺘﺬﻝ ﻭﻳﻠﺒﺲ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺪَﻥ ﻭﺃﺑﺪﺍﻥ. ﻛﻞ ﻳﻮﻡ ،ﻭﺃﺣﺲّ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺬﺍﻝ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺩﻳﺎﺏ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ:
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﻴﺺ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺃﺎ ﻣﺄﺧﻮﺫﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﺪْﻝ ،ﻷﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺪﻝ
ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻥ ﺃﻱ :ﺩﻭﻥ ﻛﻤّﻴﻪ ﻭﺑﻨﺎﺋﻘﻪ. ﺃﺧﺮﻯ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮﺓ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼﺮ ))ﺍﻟﺒِﺬﻟﺔ(( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ
ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ. ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﻩ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻮ
ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.TABLIER :
ﺍﻟﺒَﺪﻭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﳊَﻀَﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻧﺎﺩﻱ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ:
ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺪَﻭﻱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ. ))ﺍﳊُﻠّﺔ((.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺪﻭ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﰲ ﺑﺪﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻱ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺑﺪﻟﺔ
ﰲ ﺑﺪﻭﺗﻮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭۤﺓ. ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺎﺭ :ﺑﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺎﺭ.
ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺪﻟﺔ ﲰﻮﻫﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﻄﻨﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ،
ﺑـَﺪُﻭﺡ :ﻳﺮﲰﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻐﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻛﻤﺎ ﲰﻮﻫﺎ :ﺻﻨﻄﺮﺍ ﻭﺑﻨﻄﺮﻭﻥ ،ﻭﺷﺨﺎﺥ
ﻭﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﻄﺎً ﺣﻠﺰﻭﻧﻴﺎً ﻣﺘﺪﺍﺧﻼً ﳑﺜﻼً ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻮﺍﻗﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺻﻨﻄﺮﺍ ﻭﺑﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ.
ﺑﺪﻭﺡ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻀﻴﻔﻮﻥ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ،٨٦٤٢ : ﻛﻤﺎ ﲰﻮﺍ ﺛﻮﺏ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺬ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻱ
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﻫﻲ ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺪﻭﺡ ﰲ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﳒﻲ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻟﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺪﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺮﺓ.
ﺍﳉُﻤّﻞ ،ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ، ﻭﰲ ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﺟﺮﻣﺎﻧﻮﺱ ﺣﻮّﺍ ﻣﻄﺮﺍﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﺮﲰﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺳﻨﺔ :١٨٠٧ﻭﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻷﻋﻼ )ﻛﺬﺍ( ﺳﺘﺔ ﺑﺪﻻﺕ،
ﺃﰊ ،ﻭﻳﻀﻴﻒ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺳﺒﺒﻬﺎ. ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺳﻂ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﱏ ﺑﺪﻟﺘﲔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺃﺻﻞ ))ﺑﺪﻭﺡ(( ﺍﳌﺰﺍﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ﰲ ))ﻏﺮﺓ((.
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ﺍﻟﺒَﺪَﻭِﻱ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒَﺪﻭ: ً ١ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ.
ﺿﺪ ﺍﳊﻀَﺮ. –ً ٢ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣَﻠَﻚ ﻣﻮﻛﻞ ﺑﺈﻳﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﺪﺍﻭَﻯ. ﺇﱃ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺪْﻭٓﻳﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ: ً ٣ﺃﻧﻪ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ))ﺑﻮﺩﺍ(( :ﻣﺸﺮّﻉ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ
ﺑﺪﻭﻳَﺎ. ﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﲔ.
ﻭﳛﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﳒﺪ ،ﻭﺃﻥ ً ٤ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﺎﺟﺮ ﺣﺠﺎﺯﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻬﺎﺑﻪ
ﺳﺒﺐ ﻫﺠﺮﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻼﺩﻧﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺎﻗﺔ ﳍﻢ ﺷﺮﺩﺕ ﰒ ﻗﻄّﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻀﺎﺋﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﻋﺎﺩﺕ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺎﻡ ﲰﻴﻨﺔ ،ﻋﺮﻓﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﲰﺔ ﳍﺎ، ﲢﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻓﻞ ﺍﲰﻪ ))ﺑﺪﻭﺡ(( ﻓﻼ ﻳﻨﺎﳍﺎ ﺃﺫﻯ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻞ ﺷﺮﺩﺕ ﻓﺘﺒﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺻﻠﺖ ً ٥ﺃﻧﻪ ﻭﻓﻖ ﺍﻷﻭﻓﺎﻕ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺳﻢ
ﺑﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺑﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ .ﻳﻌﺰﺯ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺇﺫﺍ ﲪﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﱂ ﻳﺘﻌﺐ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺘﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ
ﺍﳌﺰﻋﻢ ﺃﻥ ))ﳎﺤﻢ(( ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻢ ))ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩ((. ﺃﻭ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺻﻠﺖ ﺳﺎﳌﺔ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺑُﺨّﺮ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﻥ
ﺣﺎﻟﻔﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﳊﺐ ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻔﺔ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻠﻰ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺨﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ ﺃٔﺧﺪ ﺗﺎﺭﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺎ)) :ﻳﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﺡ ! ﻳﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﺡ ! ﺃﻟّﻒ ﺑﲔ
ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺳﻨۤﺔ ﻗﺎﻝ ﳊﺎﻟﻮ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺠﻠﺖ. ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ ،ﲝﻖّ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺡ ،ﻭﺁﺩﻡ ﻭﺣﻮّﺍ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﻨﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ ﻭﺟﺮّﺓ ﻭﻧﻮﺡ((.
ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺲ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ ،ﺑﺪﻭﻱ ﻣﻘﺮﻭﺡ ﺷﺎﻑ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﺪﻭﺡ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮ ﻣﻄﺮﻭﺡ ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﲞﻠﻴّﻪ ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺡ ،ﻋٕﻠۤﻖ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﺗﻜﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﻟﺪﻭﺯﻱ :ﺑﺪﻭﺡ.
ﻋﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﻱ ﺑﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻭﻳﺢ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ ﻧٕﺰۤﻝ ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ :ﺱ ٢٤ﺹ .٥١٨
ﻋﺎﳌْﺪﻳﻨۤﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﺏ ﻏﲑ ﺩﺑﺲ ﻭﻃﺤﻴﻨﺔ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻃﻤّﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒَﺪﻭۤﺓ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﰲ
ﻭﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﺑﺪﻭﻱ. ﺍﻟﺒَﺪﻭ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮّﻳﺲ ﲝَﻜّﻲ ﻣﺮﺗﻮ ﻣﻮﻫﻴۤـّﻪ:
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺀﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[:
ﺣﻴۤـﺪﺍ ﺍﳊﻴۤﺪﺍ ﺍﳊﻴۤﺪﺍﻭِﻱ ﺃﻣّٕﻚ ﺟﺎﺑۤﺖ ﻛٕﺮّ ﺑـﺪﻭﻱ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻄﺒﺨﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﺗﺎ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ ﺭﺍۤﻛﺐ ﺟﺤﺸﻮ ﻫـﺐ ﺍﳍـﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺑـﺨﺸﻮ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﺮﻗﺘﻬﺎ.
ﻳﺎ ﺭﰊ ﺗﺒـﻌﺞ ﻛـﺮﺷﻮ ﻷﺳﺎﻭﻱ )ﻋﻘﺒﻮ( ﺯﻣّـﺎﺭﺓ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ١٨ﺹ :٤٦٣ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ. ﺳﺄﻟﺖ ﺃﻣﻲ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻠﺔ ﺃﺵ
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ :ﺍﻠﺪ ٦ﺹ :١٠٣ﺍﻟﻔﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻚ ﺃﺑﻮﻱ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﱄ :ﺳﺄﻟْﲏ :ﻋﺠﺒۤﻚ
ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ: ﻫﺎﻟﺴﻜﺮﺗﻮﻥ .ﻭﻃﺎﺏ ﱄ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺳﺄﻝ ﻏﲑ ﺃﻣﻲ ﻭﺳﺄﻟﺖ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ :ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ. ﻋﻤﺎﰐ ﻭﺧﺎﻻﰐ ،ﻭﻋﺪﺩﻥ – ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ – ﻛﺘﲑ
ﻭﺟﺎﻭﺑﻮﱐ ،ﻭﺳﺠﻠﺖ ﺃﺟﻮﺑﺘٓﻦ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺟﺎﺯﺓ((
ﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ. – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺎﻧﱵ ﺃﻡ ﺃﻣﻲ ﻧﺴﻔﺘﲏ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺑﻮﺟۤﺔ
ﺑٕـﺪِﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺪِﻯﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﳊﻘﺘﲏ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻴۤﻪ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻝ :ﻷﻳﺶ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ
ﻭﺑﺪﺃ ﺑﻪ :ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺃ ﺑﻪ – ﻭﻫﻲ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭ. ﻭﻟَﻚ ،ﻣﻔﺰﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ !.
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ﻭﻣﺜﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ :ﺍﻟﺒﺰﺭ) :ﺑﺎﻟﺰﺍﻱ(. ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺻﻔﺘﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩِﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻳﺎﻥ،
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳉﻮﺯﻱ ﰲ ))ﺗﻘﻮﱘ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ((: ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻳﺎﻧۤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺍﻟﺒﺰﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺰﻭﺭ ﳌﺎ ﻳﺆﻛﻞ ﻭﳌﺎ ﻳﺰﺭﻉ، ﺍﻟﺒَﺪﻳﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﶈﺪَﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻴﺐ.
ﻭﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﺍﻝ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺑﺪﺍﻳِـﻊ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻳﻌِﻲ :ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺸﻘﻲ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ،ﻟﻪ
ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺬﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺰﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﺢ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺰﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﳌﻨﱯ(( ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮّ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ
ﺍﳉﺒﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻉ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﺳﺎ ﻭﻋﲔ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ، ﺱ ١٠٧٤ﻫ.
ﻳﺼﻨﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴۤﻤﺎﰐ ﻭﻳﺒﻴﻌﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻔﺼﻔﺼﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺔ
ﻭﺗﻠﺬﺫﺍً. ﺍﻟﺒَﺪِﻳﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳉﺴﻴﻢ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻤﲔ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺪﻳﻬِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﺑﻔﺼﻔﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺰﺭ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﺢ ﻣﺎ ﳚﺮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻳﻬﺔ ،ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫﻢ ﳚﺮﻳﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ
ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﲔ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺓ :ﺑﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻓﻌﻴﻞ ﻭﻓﻌﻴﻠﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻓَﻌَﻠِﻲّ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ:
ﲡﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺃﺫﺍﻋﺘﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﺍﻷﺩﱏ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻘﺎﻥ. ﺑَﺪَﻫﻲّ.
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺬﺭ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﺢ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺼﺮ ))ﺍﻟﻠﱡﺐ((، ﻭﳉﱪ ﺿﻮﻣﻂ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﻔﻴﺴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﳚﻴﺰ
ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ))ﺍﳊَﺐّ((. ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺪﻳﻬﻲ ﻭﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻭﳓﻮﳘﺎ ،ﻭﳚﻴﺰ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺑﺬﺭ ﱐ ﺑﺘﺮﺑّﻰ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺴﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﱯ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﻱ...
ﻋﻘﻠﺒﻮ ﺩﻭﺩ. ﺑَـﺬّ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺬّ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺣﺎﺿۤﻦ ﺩﺧﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡَ :ﺳﺒﻘﻬﻢ ﻭﻏﻠﺒﻬﻢ ﻭﻋﻼﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻤﻞ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻐﺎﺭﺓ ﺃٕﺟﱳ ﺿﺮﺑﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻘﻲ ﻭﺗﻨﲔ ﺍﺰﻣﻮﺍ ﺃﻭ...
)ﺍﻟﺒﺬﺭ ﻳﻔﺼﻔﺺ(. ﺍﻟﺒَـﺬّ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺬﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٕﺰﺭﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺙّ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑۤﺰﺭَﺍ. ﺍﻟﺒَﺬﺍﺀﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑٕﺬﺭۤﺓ ﻭﺑﺬﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺑﺬﻭﺭ. ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺶ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ.
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺱ ٣٠ﺹ :٢٥٨ﺍﻟﺒﺰﺭ.
ﺑـَﺬٔﺥ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑٕﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻠۤﺔ )ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺗﻄﺎﻭﻝ ،ﺗﻜﺒّﺮ ،ﻓَﺨﺮ ،ﺷَﻤَﺦ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ( ،ﺍﻟﺒﺬﺭ ﻣﺴﺒﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴۤﻄﺎﻥ. ﺃﺳﺮﻑ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕ.
ﺑٕـﺬْﺭ ﻛٕﺘّﺎﻥ :ﻳﺒﺎﻉ ﰲ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﺭﻳﻦ، ﺍﻟﺒـَﺬْﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺎ ﻋُﺰِﻝ ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻔﻲ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻟﺒﺨﺔ ﻟﻺﺳﺮﺍﻉ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺠﲑ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺎﻣﻞ، ﺍﳊﺒﻮﺏ ﻟﻠﺰﺭﺍﻋﺔ.
ﺃﻭ ﻳﺰﺣﻨﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﳝﺰﺟﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻜّﺮ ﺩﻭﺍﺀ ﻟﻠﺴﻌﺎﻝ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﺬﻭﺭ.
ﺤﻼّﻳۤﺔ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻉ
ﺑٕـﺬْﺭ ﺍﳌْ َ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺑَﺬﺭﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ
ﺍﻟﺸﺘﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻯ ،ﳝﻠّﺢ ﻛﺒﺰﺭ ﻭﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ :ﺑٕﺬﺭﺍۤﻱ ﻭﺑٕﺬﺭﺍۤﻳﺔ.
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ﺍﳉﺒﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ.
ﺑَـﺬَﻝ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﻭﺃﺟﺎﺩ. ﺑٕـﺬْﺭ ﺍﻟﻨٓﻮﻡ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺑﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺣﻲ
ﻭ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﺬﻝ. ﻳُﻤَﻠﺢ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻔﺼﻔﺼﻪ ﻳﻨﻌﺲ ﻭﻳﻨﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﺬﻭﺭﺍﺕ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺰﻭﺭﺍﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺬِﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﺬﻱﺀ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ﺑـَﺬَﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺬَﺭَ :ﻧَﺴَﻞ )ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺬﻱﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﳌﻔﺤﺶ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺬﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ(.
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻛﻼﻣﻮٓ ﺑﺬﻱﺀ
ﻭﻟﺴﺎۤﻧﻮ ﺑﺬﻱﺀ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺎﺯ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ :ﺑَﺰَﺭ.
ﺑﺬﺃ ﻭﺑﺬﻯﺀ ﺇﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻓﻌﻴﻞ.
ﺑـﺮّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺮﱠ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻩ :ﺃﻃﺎﻋﻪ ،ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﻴۤﻚ ﻭﻫﻴۤﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑَﺬﺭﻙ،
ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺘﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺐ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ))ﺑَﺮﱠ(( ﺑٕﺬﺭﺗﻚ ﻋﺎﻃﻠﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑٔﻆ.
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺑﺮّ ﳝﻴﻨﻪ ﻭ ﰲ ﳝﻴﻨﻪ :ﺃﻣﻀﺎﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺮّ ﺑﻮﻋﺪﻭ ،ﻭﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﱪﻭﺭ، ﺑَـﺬّﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺬّﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺣﺠّۤﺔ ﻣﱪﻭﺭﺓ. ﺍﻟﺒﺬﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﳋﻀﺎﺭ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻛﱪ ﺑﺬﺍﺭﻫﺎ.
ﻭ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﺭ :ﻫﺬﺍ ﻗﱪ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺬّﺭ ﻣﻌﻮ
ﺍﳌﻐﻔﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﱪﻭﺭ.... ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺑﺒﺬﻱﺀ
ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ،ﻭﺻﻠﺔ ﻫﺬﻳﻦ ﺑﺘﺒﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ :ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺍﻟﺒـَﺮّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺴﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻛٕﱪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣّﻮ ﺑﺘﻜﱪ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺑﺬﺭﺗﻮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺔ. ﺗﻨﻔﻠﻖ ﻗﺸﺮﺗﻪ ﻭﻳﻨﺘﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺬﺭ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻻﻧﻔﻼﻕ ﰲ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮْ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّﻳﺔ ،ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ. ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﻭﻧﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺄﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﱪ :ﺑﺮّﻱ ،ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺑـَﺬّﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺬّﺭ ﻣﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﺒﺬﻳﺮﺍً :ﻓﺮّﻗﻪ
ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻮﺭ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻃﲑ ﺑﺮّﺍۤﻭﻱ ،ﻭ ﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺑﺮّﺍ. ﺇﺳﺮﺍﻓﺎً ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﺒﺬّﺭ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ :ﺑﺮ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺳﻔﺮ ﺑﺮﻟۤﻚ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑۤﺰﺑۤﺰ :ﺃﺳﺮﻑ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﺪَﺭ :ﺃﺳﺮﻑ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺎﻟﺒَﺮ ﺩﻳﻮﻙ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺑٕـﺬْﺭۤﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺬﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺒَﺬْﺭ،
ﻣﻠﻮﻙ. ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﺬْﺭٔﺓ :ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﺮﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ
ﻣﺎ ﻟﻘﻰ ﻟﻮ ﳐﺪّﺓ ﻣﻦ ﳊﻢ. ﻭ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﺍﻱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺬﺭ.
ﺑٔـﺮّ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ،ﻳﻘﻮﳍﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﻨﺒﺎﻙ ﺑﺬﺭۤﺓ ﻋﺠﻤﻴۤﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﻮﻥ. ﺟﻠﺒﺖ ﺑﺬﺭﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﺭﻋﺖ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ.
] ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺐ ﺭﻋﺒۤﺔ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻌۤﺖ
ﺑٕﺰﺭﺗﻮ ﻣﻨّﺎ.
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ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮْ ﻭ ﺑَﺮٓﺍ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ: ﺑٕـﺮّ ﺑْﺮﻳۤﺮ] :ﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ ﻓﻴﻌﺪﻭﻥ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ
ﺑَﺮْ ﻭﺑَﺮَﺍ. ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﻳﻦ ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑٕﺮّ ﺑْﺮﻳۤﺮ
ﻋﻨﺘﺮ ﻋﺒﺲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺛﻨﺎﻥ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ،ﺃﺧﺬﻭﺍ
ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺍﱐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮٓﻳﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ: ))ﺑٕﺮْ(( ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﲑ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﰒ ﻫﺰﻟﻮﺍ ﰲ ﻣﺎ
ﺑَﺮﻳَﺎ. ﺗﻼﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒـِﺮّ ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺧﲑ
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﺔ :ﺑﺮّﺍ :ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺝ. ﺍﻟﺒِﺮّ ﻋﺎﺟِﻠُﻪ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﻢ ﳒﺪ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ))ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﱐ((
٧٧
ﺑْﺮﺍﭼﻜﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﺮّﺓ ﲝﻄّﻮﺍ
:BURUASCAﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ. ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﻭﺑﻄْﻠﻌﻮﺍ ﻟﱪّﺍ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳉﻴﺞ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻱ :ﺑﺒﻴﺾ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّﺍﺩ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﳌﱪّﺩ ﺑﺮّﺍ ﻭ)ﺑﻮﺳّﺦ( ﻋﻨﺪﻱ.
ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ ،ﲢﻔﻆ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻭﺭﺩ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّﺍﺩﺓ :ﺇﻧﺎﺀ ﻳُﱪّﺩ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ. ﺑَـﺮّﻱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺮّﺍ(( ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ:
ﻭﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﺩ. ﺑَﺮّﻱ ﻟﻮٓ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻟﱪّﺍ ،ﺃﻭ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ:
ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﺩ :ﺑﺮّﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻱ :ﺇﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﭽﻴﻨﻜﻮ ﺑَﺮّٔﺍ ،ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﺩ :ﺑﺮّﺍ ﺑﺮّﺍ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑَﺮّﻱ
ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ،ﻳﺼﺐّ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻐﻠﻲّ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺭ ﻓﻴﱪﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﺑّۤﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺶ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﱪﱢﻱ ﺣﺼﺎﻧﻚ ﻭﺑﻐﻠﻚ ؟.
ﻗﻠﻴﻼً ﻟﻴﻠﻘﻰ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻱ ﻭﳛﻞّ ﺑﺒﻂﺀ. ﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮِﻱ :ﳓّﻰ ،ﺟﻨّﺐ،
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﺩ: ﺃﻗﺼﻰ.
ﺇﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻱ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﺍٔﺩۤﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﺍﺩﺓ :ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻘﻂ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺍﺀﺓ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻮﻡ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌِﱪﺩ ،ﺍﻟﺴُﺤﺎﻟﺔ. ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﱐ ﳝﻨﺢ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﻪ ﺭﺗﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺳﺎﻣﺎً ﺃﻭ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯﺍً
ﺃﻭ ﺇﺫﻧﺎً ﻟﻸﺳﺎﻗﻔﺔ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﻢ ﲟﺰﺍﻭﻟﺔ ﻃﻘﻮﺳﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺍﺩۤﺓ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﰲ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻨﺎﺻﺒﻬﻢ) .ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻷﺧﲑﺓ ﻣﻦ
ﻓﻴﻪ :ﻛﺄﻥ ﳝﺰﺡ ﻣﺰﺣﺎً ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍً. ﺍﻵﻳﺔ﴿ :ﺑﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻫﺪﰎ
ﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺩﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ،ﺇﻥ ﺍﳌﺰﺡ ﻓﻦّ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻛﲔ﴾(.
ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻮﻥ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ:
ﺍﻟﺒِﺮﺍﺯ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺭﺯﺓ ،ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ .ALVARA
))ﺑﺎﺭﺯ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ:
ﺍﻟﺒِﺮﺍﺯ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻃﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﳌﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ،BERATﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BERAT :
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﺛﻔﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﻌﺎﺀ. ﺑٔﺮٔﺍﺑٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻃﻠﻌﻨﺎ ﺑٔﺮٔﺍﺑٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ ،ﺍﺎﺭﺍﺓ،
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺍﺯۤﻕ :ﻣﻔﺮﺩﻫﺎ :ﺍﻟﱪﺯﻗﺔ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﳌﻐﺸّﻰ ﺳﻄﺤﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻤﺴﻢ.
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺯﻕ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺯﺩﻗﺔ: ﺑْﺮٔﺍﺗۤﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ ﻳﺴﻮﱠﻯ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻴﻒ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﺮﻳﺘٓﺎ :ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﺭﻉ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺎﺯ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻞ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺇﺭﺍﺩﺓ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٤٨ﺹ .١٨٤
ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ. ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﺍﺗﻴﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:PRATIQUE :
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺯﺩﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﭘﺮﺍﺯﺩَﻩ. ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺍﺯِﻕ :ﺿﺮﺏ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﱐ ﳏﺮّﻑ ﺧُﺮﺍﺯِﻕ :ﲨﻊ ﺧﺮﺯﻭﻕ: ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّﺍﺝ :ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﺍﻗﺘﺒﺎﺳﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻏﻴﻒ ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻜﻲ ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﺝ ﻭﻳﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺄﻝ.
٧٨
:١٢١ ))ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ(( ﺟـ ١ﺹ ﻭﲰﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﺰّﻱ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ))ﺍﳋُﺸﻜﻨﺎﻥ((.
ﺑَﺮﺍﺻﺔ. ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺯﻕ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ ))ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ(( ،ﻛﻤﺎ
ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﲰﻲ ﰲ ))ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ((.
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﻡ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺎﺻﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﻮﻳّﺔ: ﺑْﺮﺍﭬﻮ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺮﺍﻭ.
ﺑَﺮﺍﺻْﻴۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜُﺮّﺍﺕ. ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﺍﻕ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻲ :ﺩﺍﺑﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ١٧ﺹ .٤٧٣ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ ﻭﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭ ﺭﻛﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﺍﺝ.
ﻭﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﺍﻷﺭﻧﺎﺅﻭﻁ ﺃﻛﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ: ﺍﻟﱪّٔﺍﻛۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:BARAQUE :
ﺷﺒﻌﺖ ﻛﺘﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻧﺼﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻛٓﻞ. ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﺒﲏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﻭﺻﺤﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻚ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺻﻐﲑ ﻭﺣﻘﲑ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﱐ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﱪﺍ. ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ :BARRAQUIA :ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻣﻌﺔ.
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺎ ﻣﺄﻭﻯ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﳉﻲ ﻭﳓﻮﳘﺎ
ﺑْﺮﺍﻭْ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑْﺮﺍﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺎﻃۤﺮ ! ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﲰﻮﺍ ﺣﻲّ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻥ :ﺑﺮّﺍﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻥ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :BRAVO :ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺎﻉ ،ﻣﺮﺣﻰ ! ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮّﺍﻙ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ
ﺃﺣﺴﻨﺖ ،ﺑَﺦٍ ﺑَﺦٍ. ﺍﳋﺸﱯ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﭬﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒَﺮٔﺍﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﳋﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﻠﻎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺑﺮﺍﻭ ﻋَﻠَ ّﻲ ﻋﻤﺮﻩ ﺍﳋﻤﺲ ﺳﻨﲔ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ﺳﻨﺎً.
ﺣﻠﻘﺖ ﻟﻠﻚ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺑﺮﺍﻭ ﻋﻠﻲّ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺿﺎﻳﻨﺖ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻏﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻥ
ﻟﻠﻚ. ﻻ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﻑ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﱪَﺍﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻛٕﻠﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﻌﺮﻑ ﺭﺍﻏﺐ ﺑﻚ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺍﻟﻐﺼﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻒ
ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺳﻲ :ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ، ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻃﺮﺵ ،ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﻷﻳﺎۤﻡ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﺗﻔﺘﻴﺶ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻇﻔﲔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺷﺎﻑ ﺩﻓﺎﺗﺮﻥ ﺳٕﻘﻢ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮٔﺍﻧﺎﺕ.
ﻭﻋَﻤﻰ ،ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻵﺧﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ: ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺘﻮﻥ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻭﻳﻌﻨﻮﻥ
– ﺩﻓﺎﺗﺮﻙ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﻓﺎﺗﺮ ﺭﻓﻘﺎﺗﻚ. ﺎ :ﺍﻟﱵ ﻏﺮﺳﺖ ﺑﺄﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻣﻨﻈّﻤﺔ.
– ﺃﻟﻌﻦ ﻭﺃﺩﻕ ﺭﻗﺒۤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮٔﺍﻧْﺼٔﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻧﺼﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ)) :ﭘِﺮﺍﺻﻪ((
– ﺑْﺮﺍﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺑْﺮﺍﻭ )ﻇﻦ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺪﺍﻓﻊ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :PRACON :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ
ﺩﻓﺎﺗﺮﻩ ﻭﺃﺎ ﺧﲑ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ(. ﺍﳋﻀﺎﺭ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ،ﻳﻄﺒﺦ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﺍﻭﺍ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒْﺮٔﺍﻭٔﻩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ: ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻭﻳﺆﻛﻞ.
PREUVEﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :PROVA :ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ: ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﻜُﺮّﺍﺙ ،ﻭﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ :ﺍﻟﻜٕﺮّﺍﺕ،
ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻁ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺻﻨﻊ. ﻭﰲ ﲪﺺ :ﺑﺮﺍﻧﺼﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮّﺍۤﻭﻱ :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﳍﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّﻳﺔ.
٧٩
ﻭﻗﺼﺎﺻﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺘﻞ ،ﻓﺄﺑﺖ ﻭﺭﻓﻊ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﺤﻜﻢ ﺍﳉﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﱪّﺍۤﻭﻳّۤﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻂ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺶ:
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺘﻞ ،ﻭﺗﻮﱃ ﺃﺑﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﻞ ﻭﺟﺰّ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻧﻴّۤﺔ.
ﺭﺃﺳﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺄﺱ ﻓﻤﺎﺗﺖ ﻋﺬﺭﺍﺀ ﺷﻬﻴﺪﺓ.
ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻟﺒﺚ – ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺭﺎ – ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﻳﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﺀﺓ :ﺍﻟﻔﻌّﺎﻟﺔ
ﺃﺭﺩﺗﻪ ﻫﻮ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻋﻘﺔ. ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺮَﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ ،ﻭﺧﺼﻬﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺑﺎﻷﺩﺍﺓ
ﳛﺘﻔﻞ ﻧﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﰲ ٤ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﱪﻱ ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺈﺩﺍﺭﺓ
ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﺣﺘﻔﺎﻻً ﻻ ﳚﺎﺭﻳﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﻔﺎﻝ ﺎ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﱪّﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺑﺈﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ. ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺃﳊﻖ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻰ
ﻓﻌﻴﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻐﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮﺍﱐ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﻋﻴﺪﻫﺎ، ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻜﲔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻩ ﺃﻥ ﲢﻴﻲ ﺃﺳﺮﺗﻪ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻩ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﺃﺭﻯ ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮﻯ ﺍﻴﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﺃﻭ – ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ))ﺍﳊﻴﻔﺔ(( ﺃﺩﻝّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﻭﺃﻟﻄﻒ ﻟﻔﻈﺎً.
ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ – :ﺃﻥ ﻳﱪﺑﺮ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ. ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻔﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻗﺼﺒﺔ ﰲ ﻇﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻗﺼﺒﺔ
ﻭﻋﻴﺐ ﺃﻻّ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﺋﺪﺗﻪ ﻏﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻮﺍﻛﻪ ﺗُﱪﻯ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻘِﺴﻲّ.
ﻣﺰﺩﺍﻧﺔ ﺑﺮﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﻭﺑﺎﳊﻠﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻓﺔ
ﻭﺑﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﻭﺑﻘﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ ﻭ... ﺑٔﺮْﺑٔﺎﺩ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺴﻜﲔ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻮٓ
ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﲑ ﻻﺑﺪّ ﺃﻥ ﳛﻴﻲ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣﻴﻢ ﺑﺮﺑٔﺎﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ:
ﺭﻫﻦ ﺃﻣﺘﻌﺘﻪ. ﺍﳋﺮﺍﺏ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪ ،ﺍﶈﻄّﻢ ،ﺍﳍﺒﺎﺀ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻫﻮ
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻘﺔ ،ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﺣﲔ ﻗﺘﻠﺖ ﻣﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﳌﺸﺎﻫﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮﺑﺎﺱ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﱪﺑﺴﺔ.
ﻗﺘﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﱂ ﻳﺘﺪﺍﺭﻛﻮﺍ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﻓﺄﻛﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻘﺔ. ﺍﻟﱪﺑٔﺎﺭٔﺓ :ﻗﺪﻳﺴﺔ ﻳﻜﺮّﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻨﺬ
ﻭﳛﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﺍﳌﺰﺣﻮﻥ ﻭﲟﻠﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﳌﻴﻼﺩﻱ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﺪﺭﺩﺭ ﻭﺃﻗﺮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﺪ ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺴﺔ.BARBE :
ﻭﺍﻵﻏﺰﻣﺴﻜﻲ ﻭﺍﳉﻮﺯ ﺍﶈﻤّﺺ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ، ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺴﺔ .BARBARA
ﻭﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺣﺐّ ﺍﻟﺮﻣّﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﻠﻮ ،ﰒ ﻳﺮﺵ ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺴﺔ .VARVARA
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺤﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻓﺔ ،ﻭﻳﺰﻳﻨﻮﻥ ﻃﺒﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻘﺔ ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺑَﺮﺑَﺮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻨﱯ،
ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻠﻮﻧﺔ ﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﺩ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ. ﻣﻦ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻳﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺎً ،ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔﻮﺍ ﰲ ﻣﻮﻃﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻓﻘﻴﻞ:
ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻳﻄﻔﺌﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﻘﻮﻣﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﻤﻌﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻳﻄﻮﻓﻮﻥ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﲔ :ﻗﺪّﻳﺴﺔ ﻋﲔ ﴰﺲ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﻠﺒﻚ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ
ﺑﺮﺑﺎﺭﺓ ! ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﳐﺘﺎﺭﺓ ،ﺃﺑﻮﻛﻲ ﻛﺎﻓﺮ :ﻋﺒّﺎﺩ ﺗُﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﰲ ﺇﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻭ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺭﺓ.
ﰒ ﻳﻄﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ ﻣﻘﻨﻌﲔ ﺃﻭﺟﻬﻬﻢ ﲟﺎ ﺍﻋﺘﻨﻘﺖ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺤﻴﺔ ﺳﺮّﺍً ،ﻭ ﳌﺎ ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﺑﻮﻫﺎ
ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﺨﺮ. ﺃﻥ ﻳﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺛﲏ ﺭﻓﻀﺖ ﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻨﺖ ﺃﺎ ﻣﺴﻴﺤﻴﺔ،
ﻓﺜﺎﺭ ﺛﺎﺋﺮ ﺃﺑﻴﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻫﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﻓﻊ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ،
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ﺑٔﺮْﺑٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻳﺎ ﻟﻄﻴﻒ ﻫﺎﻟﻌﺠﻮﺯ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ١ﺹ ١٣١ﻭ ﺱ ٢٠ﺹ ١٠٧٠
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ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ :ﺳﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﺍﳉﺎﺑﺮﻱ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺻﺎﻓﺢ –ً ١ﺃﺎ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑَﺮْﺑَﺲَ(( ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ:
ﺣﺪﺍ ﳜﺴﻞ ﺇﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻟﻮﻧﻴﺎ. ﻃﻠﺒﻪ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ :ﻧﻮﺭﻱ ﺑﻚ ﺍﳉﺎﺑﺮﻱ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻻ ﳝﺴﻚ –ً ٢ﺃﺎ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ))ﺗَﺒَﺮﺑَﺲَ(( :ﻣﺸﻰ
ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ. ﻣﺸﻴﺎً ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺎً.
–ً ٣ﺃﺎ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﺒِﺮﺑﺎﺱ(( :ﺍﻟﺒﺌﺮ
ﻭﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﺣﺪۤﺓ ﲝﻜﻮﺍ ﻋﻨّﺎ – ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻘﺔ.
ﻋﺎﻟﺮﺍﻭﻱ – ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺪﺧّۤﻞ ﻟﺒﻴﺘﺎ ﺷﻲ ﺃﲰﻮ ﻣﺬﻛﺮ، –ً ٤ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑَﺮْﺑَﺴﺖ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ:
ﻓﻼ ﻛﺮﺳﻲ ﻭﻻ ﻗﺒﻘﺎﺏ ﻭﻻ ﻗﻨﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﻻ ﻣﻘﺺ، ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪ ،ﺍﻟﻌُﺮْﻑ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ،ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ،
ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎً ﺍﻟﻔﺮﳒﻲ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﺍ ﻗَﻠَﻔۤﺔ ﻭﺷﺤّﺎﻃٔﺔ ﺍﻟﻄِﺮﺍﺯ.
ﻭﳌﺒﺔ ﻭﺑﺮﭼﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﳒﻲ ﺃﲰﻮ ﺑﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ –ً ٥ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﺑٔﺎﺭ((:
ﺭٕﺿﻴﺖ ﺗﺪﺧّﻼ. ﺍﳊﻤﻞ ،ﺍﻟﺜِﻘﻞ ،ﺍﻟﻐﻢّ ،ﺍﳊﺰﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﺑَﺲْ((:
ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ،ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﻯ :ﻛﺜﲑ ﺍﻟﻐﻢّ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺑٔﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺁﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺏ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩ، ﻭﳓﻮ ﺫﻟﻚ.
ﻣﻦ ﻣﻼﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻢ ،ﺗﻜﻠﻤﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﰲ
ﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﻷﻋﺸﻰ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ))ﺑَﺮْ(( :ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﻌﺪ ﻋﻤﱵ ﻧَﻔﱡﻮﺱ
ﻭ))ﺑَﻂْ(( ﺃﻭ ))ﺑﺖْ(( :ﺍﻟﺒﻂّ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﻭﺯ ،ﲰﻴﺖ ﻣﱪﺑﺴۤﺔ ،ﺍﲰﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﻱ ﺃﺣﻜﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺎ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﻓﺖ ﻋﻴﲏ
ﺑﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ. ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ :ﺷﺎﻓﺖ ﺣﺒﺎﻳﺔ ﺣﻨﻄﺔ ﰲ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺻﺤﻦ
ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ))ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ(( ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻀﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺩﺍﳝﺎً ﺑﺘﻠﻤﻊ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻛﻞ
ﺧﻠﻜﺎﻥ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ(( )ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻳﻌﻘﻮﺏ ﺍﳌﺎﺟﺸﻮﻥ(. ﻣﺎ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻻﺯﻡ ﲣﺴﻞ ﻛﻞ ﳏﻞ ﺩﺍﺳﻮ ﺃﻭ ﺩﺧﻠﻮ.
ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻤﻮﺭﻳﺔ(( ﺹ :١٩٢ﰲ ﻧﻌﻢ ﺷﺎﻓﺖ ﺣﺒﺎﻳﺔ ﺣﻨﻄﺔ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺯﺗّﺎ ﻃﻴۤﺮ،
))ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﺭ(( ﺟـ ١ﺹ :٢٣٢ﺍﻟﱪﺑﻂ :ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩ، ﺗﻌﺎﻭﺫﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻭﲰﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﻭﺗﻔﺎﺀﻟﺖ
ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺓ ،ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮْﺑﻴﺘﻮٓﺱ. ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﳋﲑ ،ﻭﻃﻠﻌﺖ ﻋﺎﳌﺮﺑّﻊ ﻭﺟﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ
ﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪ :ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺓ ﳏﺘﻤﻞ ،ﻷﻥ ﺑَﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮ ﻭﻓﺘﺤﺘﻮٓ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﱪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺘﺤﺘﻮٓ،
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ))ﺑَﺖ(( ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﺫۤﺕ ﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﲰّﺖ ﺯﺗّﺖ ﺍﳊﺒﺎﻳﺔ ﻓﻮﻕ
ﳍﺎ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺓ. ﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﱪ ،ﻭﺭﺟﻌﺖ ﻭﻗﻔﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﱪ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﻗﻔﻠﺖ
ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﱪﺑﻂ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺮﺑﻮﻁ. ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮ ﻭﻭﻳﻨﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭﺝ ﺍﳌﺮﺑﻊ ،ﺭﺟّﻌۤﺖ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺡ
ﳌﻄﺮﺣﻮٓ.
ﺑَﺮﺑَﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻛﻠﺖ ﻓﻼۤﻓﻠۤﺔ ﲪﺮﺍ ﻭﻟﻴﺶ ﻋﻤﱵ ﻭﺑﺲ ،ﺍﳌﱪﺑﺴﲔ ﻛﺘﲑﻳﻦ ﰲ
ﻭﺑَﺮﺑﻊ ﻟﺴﺎۤﱐ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ: ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ:
ﻛٕﻨّﻲ ﺟﺴﺪﻙ ﻣﱪﺑۤﻊ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳊﺮﻗﺔ ،ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗﱪﺑﻊ :ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ. ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻃﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺎﱄ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺩﺧﻞ
ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﳜﺴﻞ ﺟﺒّﺘﻮ ﰲ ﺑﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﳊﻮﺵ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻴّﺎ
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺗْﱪﺑَﻊ. ﻋﻠﻖ ﺷﻲ ﻣﺎﻟﺪﺭﺏ ﻳﻔﺴﺪ ﻟﻮ ﺻﻼﺗﻮ.
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ﻭﻳﺒﺎﻉ ﰲ ﺍﺳﻄﻨﺒﻮﻝ ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ، ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻨﺪﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﺪّ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ:
ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺒﻴﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻭﺯﻳﻨﺔ، ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﳝﺎﺯﺣﻪ) :ﻋﻘﺒﻚ( ﻣﱪﺑﻌﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﺳﻔﻲ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﱐ. ﺑٔﺮْﺑَﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺮﺑﻜﺘﻚ ﻣﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻥ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﻀﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﺰﻭﻳﻘﻚ ﺍﳋﺎﺩﻉ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً،
ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻧﺞ ﺍﳊﻠﻮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺓ. ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺮﺑﺮ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻫَﺬَﻯ ،ﻭﺧﻠّﻂ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ: ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ(( :ﺃﺧﺬﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ.
ﭘﻮٓﺭﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ PORTOGALLO :ﲰﻲ ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺮﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﱪﺑﻜۤﺔ.
ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺟﻠﺒﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ .١٥٤٧ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺑﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺍﺑﻴﻚ.
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ :ﺑﻮﺭﺗﻮﻛﺎﻟﻴﺎ. ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺗﱪﺑﻚ ،ﻭﺑﺮﺑﻮﻛۤﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
ﺑَﺮٔﺑۤﻠّﻮٓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ PARABELLO :ﻋﻦ
ﱂ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ،ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﻋﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻧﺞ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺿﺪ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺪﺍﺀ .ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ
ﲪﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻭﺭﺑﺎ ﻭ ﲰﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻳﺔ.
ﺩﺧﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻧﺞ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ،ORANGE :
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﰲ ﺃﻭﺭﺑﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ٔﺑﺮٔﺑَﻨْﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﺑﺎﺭ(( :ﺍﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﻭ))ﺑَﻨْﺪ((:
ﻣﻦ ﻗﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ.ESSENCE DE PORTUGAL : ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﺓ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺮّﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﺘﺼﻞ
ﺑﻀﻔﲑﺓ ،ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺗﺘﺼﻞ ﲝﺒﻞ ،ﻭﺍﳊﺒﻞ ﻳﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻌﺼﺎ،
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺀ ﻻ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺀ(( ﺃﻥ
ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻤﻮﻉ ﺳﻮﻁ ﻛﺴﻮﻁ ﺍﳊﻮﺫﻱ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻪ
ﺍﻷﻧﺪﻟﺴﻴﲔ ﻋﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﰲ ﺑﺴﺎﺗﲔ
ﻧﺎﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﻘﺮﻋﻪ ،ﺃﻋﲏ ﻳﻘﺮﻉ ﺷﺮّﺍﺑﺘﻪ ﰲ
ﺇﺷﺒﻴﻠﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﲣﺬﻭﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﺮﰉ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ.
ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ﻓﻴﺤﺪﺙ ﺻﻮﺗﺎً ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍً ﻳﻄﺮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻋﻦ
ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ﺑﱪﺗﻘﺎﳍﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ
ﺷﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ.
ﺍﳊﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﳌﻴﻼﺩﻱ ،ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﺧﺴﺮﻭ.
ﻭﰲ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ﻳﺰﻋﻤﻮﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺭﺳﺎ ﰲ ﺷﻮﺍﻃﺌﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﱪﺑﻮﻛۤﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺑﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻠﻮﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻔﺔ
ﰲ ﺃﻭﺍﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ١٧ﺍﳌﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﺷﺮﺍﻋﻲ
ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻴﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﻓﻴﻪ ﺣﺠّﺎﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﻪ ،ﻓﺄﻫﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺪﺍﻭﻳﲔ
ﺍﻟﱪْﺑﻴﺶ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻨﺮﺑﻴﺞ.
ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﺑﻮﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﺒﻘﻮﺍ ﺑﺰﺭﻩ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮﺗْﻘﺎﻥ :ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺩﻗﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ
ﻭﺯﺭﻋﻮﻩ.
ﻳﺮﻗﻘﻮﻥ ﻗﺎﻓﻪ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﱪﺗﺂﻝ.
ﻗﻴﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻤﻮﻥ ﻻ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ ،ﻷﻥ
ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺪﺍﻭﻳﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺮﺍﺑﻠﺴﻴﲔ ﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻟﻮﻥ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺑﺮﺗﻘﺎﻧۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﺗﻘﺎﻟۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﺩﻗﺎﻧۤﺔ
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻤﻮﻥ :ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﱯ ،ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺐ
ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﺗﻘﺎﻧﺎﻱ ﻭ ....ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﺗﻘﺎﻧﺎﻳﺔ ﻭ...
ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ :ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﺧﲑ ﺷﺠﺮﺓ
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﲪﺮﺓ :ﺍﻟﺪﻣﻮﻱ.
ﺗﻠﻴﻖ ﺑﻔﺮﺩﻭﺱ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭ ...ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺍﺗﻘﲔ.
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:POLITICAﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ. ]ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﻓﺎﻭﻱ ﻣﻨﻪ[ :ﻳﺎﻓﺎﻭﻱ
ﻭﻋَﺠُﻮ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﺝ :ﺍﳊِﺼﻦ. ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ :ﺍﻟﻴﺎﻓﺎﻭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﺪﺍﻭﻱ ﻭﺃﺑﻮ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺑﺮﺍﺝ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳚﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ ﺻﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﳋﺘﻤﻪ ﱄ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻭﺭﺩﻱ.
ﳘﺰﺓ ﻭﺻﻞ. ﻭﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﲑ ،ﻭﻛﺜﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ
ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻨﺎ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺮﺝ ﻭﺃﺑﺮﺍﺝ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ:
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ :ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﰲ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺩﺍﺀ ﺷﺎﰲ.
ﺍﳌﻄﺎﺭﺍﺕ ،ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺆﺫﻥ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﺋﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﲑﺍﻥ
ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﳍﺒﻮﻁ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﻗﺒّۤﺔ ﺻﻔﺮﺍ ﺟﻮّﺍﺗﺎ ﺳﺒﻊ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺭﺟﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ: ﲤﻦ ﺃﺧﻮﺓ ﺣﻠﻮﻳﻦ ،ﻣﺸﻄّﺢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱐ
ﺑﻮﺭﺟَﺎ )ﻭﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﮔﺎﻓﺎً(. )ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻧﺔ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﻢ[: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ.
ﻋﺮﻳﺴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺐ! ﻧٕﺤﻨۤﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﰲ ﺣﻴّﻚ ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ٢٦ﺹ :١٦٩ﻋﺼﲑ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ.
ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻋﺎﱄ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﰲ ﻓﻴّﻚ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ١٧ﺹ ٤٨٠ﻭ ﺱ ٢٠ﺹ ٥٢٨ﻭ ﺱ ٣٣
ﺹ ٦٩١ﻭ ﺱ ٤١ﺹ ٣٩٣ﻭ ﺱ ١١٩ﺹ .٣٠٧
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮﺝ :ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﺝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱄ ﰲ ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ:ﺱ ١٣ﺹ ٣٧٠ﻭ .٥٣١
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺗﺄﻭﻱ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪﻭﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺑٕﺮْﺗَﻠﻮٓ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻣﻦ
ﺯﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﲰﺎﺩﺍً. ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮْﺗَﻼٓ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻮﺓ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺑُﺮﻭﺝ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜّﻨﻮﻥ. ﺷﻠﺤﺖ) .ﺣﻠﺐ .(٧٢
ﺍﻟﱪﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺟﻲ :ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺐ ﺣﺮﰲ ﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﺃﻭﺭﰊ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﺗِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PARTIE :ﺍﳉﺰﺀ،
ﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺣﺼﺎﻧﺔ ﻭﻧﻌﻴﻢ. ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ،ﺍﳊﺼﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﳎﻤﻮﻉ ﲬﺲ
ﻭﳓﺖ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﳊﺎﺝ :ﺍﳌﺘﱪﺟﻌﲔ، ﺟﻮﻻﺕ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺛﻼﺙ ﺟﻮﻻﺕ:
ﳌﻦ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺟﻲ. ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮﺝ :ﰲ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ :ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﺮﺗﻴّﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﺮﺍﰐ.
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﲡﺮﻱ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻭﺯﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺗﻴﺘَﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔPARTITA :
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ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﻳﺪﻭﻱ ،ﻭﻳﻨﻌﻤﻮﻥ ﲞﻔﺾ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺶ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑُﺮﻭﺝ ﻭﺃﺑﺮﺍﺝ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ:
ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ ﺑـ ))ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﺟﻮﺍﺯﻳّﺔ((. ﺑْﺮﻭﺝ ﻭﺑْﺮﺍﺝ.
ﻭﺗﻌﺘﱪ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻣﻈﻬﺮﺍً ﻟﻠﺒﻮﺭﺟﻮﺍﺯﻳﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺮﺝ ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺝ ﻭﺃﺑﺮﺍﺝ.
ﺑٔﺮْﭼَﻰ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺮﭼَﻰ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻓﺮﺟﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑّ َﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ:
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣﺴّﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﶈﺴّﺔ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ .ﻭﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ – ﺍﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺃﺷّﻮ ﺑٕﺮﺟَﻚ ؟
ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠَﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ :ﺗْﺒَﺮﭼَﻰ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻔﺮﭼَﻰ – – ﺑﺮﺟﻲ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺘۤﻴﺲ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – .ﻭﻓﺮﭼَﻰ. – ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﱪﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﻌﺶ ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺃﲰﻮ ﺑﺮﺝ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻻﻋﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ: ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺲ
ﺑﺮﭼﻰ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﺴّﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮﺏ ﻭﻫﺮﺏ ،ﻛﻤﺎ – ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺟﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻢ ﺳٕﻨۤﺔ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﳉﺪﻱ،
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﲎ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ :ﺷﺦ ﻋﺎﳊﺠﺮ ﻭﻣﺸِﻲ. ﺣﺘﻤﺎً ﻫﻠّﻖ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺗﻴﺲ.
ﺑٔﺮْﭼﺎﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﭼﺎﻳۤﺔ :ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺀ ،ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ
ﺍﻟﻔِﺮﺟَﻮْﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﳌِﺤﺴّﺔ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﻳﻠﺠﺌﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻌﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﺟﺔ،
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻐﲑﻭﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻟﻴﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﱪﺟﺎﻥ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﺮﭼﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﺮﺍﭼﻲ.
ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﭼﻲ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺑﺮﭼﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺏ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﻘٕﺲّ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ
ﻭﺑﺮﭼﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﺑﺮﭼﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺪﺭﺓ ﻭﺑﺮﭼﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻁ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺭﺟﺎٓ ﺩْﻗۤﺸﺎٓ :ﺑﺮﺝ
ﻭﺑﺮﭼﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻳﻎ ﻭ... ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٤
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﭼٔﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﱪﺟٔﻖ] :ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[) :ﻳﻨﺠّﺲ( ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﺟﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﭼٔﻖ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﺑﱪﭼﻖ ﻋﻴﻨﻮ) ،ﻫﻴۤﻚ ﻭﻫﻴۤﻚ( ﰲ ﺑﺮﭼﻖ ﻋﻴﻨﻮ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﺟْﻮﺍﺯِﻱ :ﺃﻭ ﺑﻮﺭﺟﻮﺍﺯﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﺭﭼٔﺎﻕ :ﺍﻟﺴﲑ ﰲ ﻣﻘﺒﺾ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻒ ﻳﻘﻲ :BOURGEOISIEﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﻻ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻮﻗﺔ ،ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﺟﻮﺍﺯﻳﺔ.
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﻴﻒ، ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺟﻮﺍﺯﻳّﺔ )ﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﳌﺼﺪﺭ
ﻭﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﺪﺡ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺃﺟﻔﺎﺎ ﺳﲑ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ(.
ﺍﻟﺴﺨﺮﻳﺔ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﻭﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮﺿﻊ
ﳍﺎ)) :ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺎﺯِﻡ(( .ﻭﳍﺎﺯﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻴﻠﺔ :ﺃﻭﺳﺎﻃﻬﺎ :ﻻ
ﺑَﺮْﭼَﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﺷﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺑَﺸﱠَﻢ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ –: ﺃﺷﺮﺍﻓﻬﺎ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﲑﺕ ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺎﺯﻡ(( :ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﳊَﻨَﻜﲔ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ))ﭘﺎﺭﺟﻴﻢ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ))ﭘﺎﺭﭼﲔ((
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺴﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﱐ ﻳﺴﻤّﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﲔ. ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( :ﺍﻟﱪﺟﺎﺳِﻲّ :ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺇﱃ
ﻃﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﺟﺎﺳﻴّﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺟﺎﺳﻴّﺔ ﻃﺒﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﭙَﺮۤﺔ. ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻮﻣﻮﻥ
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﱪﺩ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻠّۤﺔ ،ﺩﺧّﺎﻥ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ :ﺗﱪﭼﻢ ،ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ:
ﻳٕﻌﻤﻲ ﻭﻻ ﺑﺮﺩ ﻳﻀﻨِﻲ ،ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﻈﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩ ﻭﺗْﺬﻛّﺮ ﻟﻴﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﺘْﺒٕﺮْﺟٓﻢ.
ﺍﻟﱪﺩ ،ﺑﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻒ ﺃَﺣَﺪّ ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻴﻒ ،ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎ ﻋﻔﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺩ
ﺟَﻔﺎ ،ﺑﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺮّ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻳﻦ ،ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﻟﻨﺼﺮﺍﱐ ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺑَﺠّﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﺎﺭ :ﺛﲎ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ
ﺻﺎﻳۤﻢ ﺍﻟﱪﺩ ﻗﺎﻳۤﻢ ،ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻄﻮﻥ ﻟﺸﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﳌﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﺩ ﻣﻨﻔﺬﻩ.
ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ،ﺑﺴﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑۤﺢ ﻳﺎ ﻧْﻬﺎﺭ ﻣٕﺪّ ﻭﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﺩ ﺍﺷﺘﺪّ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺑٔﺮﺟٕﻤﺎ ﲟﻌﺮﻓﺘﻚ ،ﺑَﺮْﺟَﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻠﺒﻖ ﻟﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺩﻭ ﻭﺟﻮﻋﻮ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺩﺑّﺮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺗﻼﻓﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﻕ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎﻱ ﺗﻜﺴّﺮ ﻟﻮ ﺿﻠﻮﻋﻮ. ﺗﻔﻠﺖ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭۤﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺩﺍﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺃﻣﻬﺎﻢ[: ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﺧﺎﻧۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﻂّ ﲡﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﰲ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺔ :ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّ((
ﺣﻮﺣﻮ ﺣﻮﺣﻮ ﻳﺎﺑﺮﺩِﻱ ﻗٕﺸﺔ ﻭﺣﻄﺐ ﻣـﺎ ﻋَﻨﺪﻱ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﺀ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺎﺭ(( )ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ(:
ﻋَﻨﺪﻱ ﺑْﻨﻴّۤﺔ ﻏﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﺑﺘﻀﺮﺏ ﱄ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻨﺒﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳊﻤﻞ ،ﺍﻟﺜِﻘَﻞ ،ﺍﳌﺘﺎﻉ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﺧﺎﻧَﻪ(( )ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ(:
ﻃﻨﱪ ﻃﻨﱪ ﻃﻨﱪﻛﻲ......... ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ،ﺃﻱ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺣﻂّ ﺃﲪﺎﻝ
ﺩﻭﺍﻢ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً
ﺑٔﺮٔﺩ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮَﺩ ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ ﻭﻏﲑُﻩ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍً، ﻛﺎﳋﺎﻥ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺳﻜﻦ ﻭﻓﺘَﺮ ،ﻭﻣﻀﺠﻊ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺳﺎﻓﺮ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺍﺧﲔ.
ﻭﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺑﺮﺧﺎﳒﻲ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﺮﻭﺩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ: ﺑﺮﺧﻨﺠﻲ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﺮﺧﺎﳒﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﺧﻨﺠﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎۤﺭۤﺩ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﺎﺭۤﺩ( ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺩﺍﻥ ،ﻣﺆﻧﺜﻬﻤﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎۤﺭْﺩۤﺓ ﺧﺒﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﱪﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﻭﻃﺒﺎﺧﻬﺎ :ﺑﺮﺧﺎﳒﻲ.
ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺩﺍﻧۤﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﺮﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭۤﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺩﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺩﻳۤﺔ. ﺍﳌﺎ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﺵ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻉ ﺩﻧﺒﻮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻚ :ﺣﻂّ ﺇﻳﺪﻳۤﻚ ﺑٕﺮْﺥ ﺑٔﺎﻃٔﺎﻥ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ
ﻭﺇٕﺟﺮﻳۤﻚ ﲟﻴّۤﺔ ﺑﺎۤﺭْﺩۤﺓ. ﺟﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑْﺮِﻳﺦ ﺑﻮﺗْﻨﺎٓ :ﺍﳌﱰﻝ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺮّ،
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺑﺮﺩۤﺕ ﳘﺘﻮٓ ،ﻗﻠﺒﻮ ﺑﺎۤﺭۤﺩ ،ﺑٔﺮٔﺩ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٤
ﺧٕﻠْﻘﻮ ،ﺣﻜﺎۤﻳﺘﻮ ﺑﺎۤﺭﺩۤﺓ ،ﻭﭼّﻮ – ﻳـﻲ – ﺑﺎۤﺭۤﺩ، ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﺧﺎﳒﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﱪﺧﻨﺠﻲ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺮﺧﺎﻧۤﺔ.
ﻭﺟﻮﺍﺑﻮ ﺑﺎۤﺭۤﺩ ،ﻭﻓَﻜّﻮ ﺑﺎۤﺭۤﺩ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ( ،ﻧَﺴَﻒ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﺩ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻧﻘﻴﺾ ﺍﳊﺮ ،ﺍﻧﻌﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﳊﺮ،
ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﻳﺪٓﻭ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑَﺎﺭﺩ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ. ﺍﳔﻔﺎﺽ ﺍﳊﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺧﺪﻭ ﺑﺮﺩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ ﺳَﻢ ﺍﻟﱪﺩ.
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ﻭﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻋﻄﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ، ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﭬﻴﻴﺖ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﻏﲑﻩ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﻭﺍﻟﺼﲔ ﺣﺮﺏ ﺑﺎۤﺭﺩۤﺓ )ﺃﻱ :ﺗﻮﺗّﺮ ﻳﺴﺘﺪﻋﻲ ﺣﺮﺑﺎً
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺍﺩﻱ. ﻛﻼﻣﻴﺔ(.
ﻭﺃﻗﺮّ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴَﺠْﻒ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺮﺯ ﲝﻠﻴﺐ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺑﺮﺩ
ﳍﺎ. ﺏ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩ ﻭﺩﰲ ﻛﻞ
ﺑﻄﻴﺐ ،ﺳﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩ :ﺩ ّ
ﻣﱪﻭﺩ ،ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻳۤﺪ ﺃﺧﻮ ﺍﻟﺒَﺎﺭۤﺩ.
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺩﺍﻳﺔ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ،ﻷﻥ ﻣﺴﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺍﻳﺔ. ﺑﺮٔﺩ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺮﺩ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ﺑﺎﳌﱪﺩ:
]ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻚ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﻳﺎﺕ ،ﻣﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ ﺳﺤﻠﻪ ،ﳓﺘﻪ.
ﻋﻢ ﻧﺸﻮﻑ ﻣﻨّﻚ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﻳﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻛﻼّ ﺑﺎﳜﻪ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﱪﺩ.
ﻭﺑﺘﻘﻠّۤﺐ ﺍﳌﻌﺪۤﺓ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﺮَﺩ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ.
ﰲ ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﺟﺮﻣﺎﻧﻮﺱ ﺣﻮّﺍ :ﻣﻄﺮﺍﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ
ﺳﻨﺔ :١٨٠٧ﻭﻻ ﻳﺼﻨﻌﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﺷﻔّﺎﻓﺎﺕ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮٔﺩ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮَﺩ :ﺣﺐّ ﺍﻟﻐﻤﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺓ((. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٢ﺹ .٢٦٥
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺩَﺳْﱵ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺠّﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﺧﺎﻧۤﺔ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺟ ١ﺹ .٨٦
– ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﺃﺧﺬﻭﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺑٔﺮّٔﺩ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺮّﺩ ﺍﻟﻨَﻮّ ،ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ
))ﺑَﺮْ(( ،ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﺩَﺳْﺖ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺟﺮّﺓ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ. ﻻﺯﻣﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺑَﺮَﺩ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺮّﺩﺕ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺐ،
ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﻳﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺻﻴّﺮﺗﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍً ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺮّﺩﻩ:
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺩَﺳﻮ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺩَﺳﻮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺳﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺻﻴّﺮﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍً.
ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺳﻮﻙ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺩﺳﻮ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﱪﻳﺪ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﺩَﻋٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺫﻋﺔ )ﺑﺎﻟﺬﺍﻝ
ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻤﺔ( :ﺍﳊِﻠﺲ ﻳﻮﺿﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑّﺔ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﺴَﺮْﺝ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫَﻲْ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﱪّۤﺩ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻲ
ﻣﺸﺪﻭﺩﺍً ﲝﺰﺍﻡ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻄﻨﻬﺎ. ﻣﺎﺑﱪّۤﺩ )ﺃﻱ ﻻ ﻳﱪﺩ ﻏﻠﻴﻠﻚ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﻈﻚ ﺍﳌﻠﺘﻬﺐ( ،ﺑﺮّۤﺩ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ: ﺧﺠﻠﻚ ،ﺗﱪﻳﺪﺓ ﺧﺠﻞ.
ALBARDA, ]ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳌﱪّﺩ[ :ﺗﻌﺎ ﺑﻮٓﺭۤﺩ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً: ﻭﻫﻲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ALBARDA,
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺩﺍﻍ :ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺰﺍﺯ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺮﺩﻍ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﱪﺩﻋﺘﻮ ﻣﺴﻠّۤﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺩﺍﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻼﻥ،
ﺑٕﺘﻨﺨﻮْﺷﻮ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺍﻧۤﺔ.
٨٧
ﺑٔﺮّٔﺯ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺮّﺯ ﲪﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺃﺧﺪﺕ ﺗﻨﻌﻴﻢ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﺑﻮﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺰﺍﺯ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﻍ.
ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻟﲔ ﺃﺟﺮﺓ ﺗﱪﻳﺰﻥ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﻒ ﺍﻷﻛﻴﺎﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ ﻭﻗﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻝ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮﺩۤﺓ :ﻗﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﺷﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑِﻱ
ﺑٔﺮّٔﺯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﻓﺎﻕ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﰱ ﺳﻨﺔ ،١٢٩٥ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﻣﻄﻠﻌﻬﺎ:
ﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻇﻬﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﲬﻮﻝ ،ﻭﺑﺮّﺯﻩ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮﻩ ﻭﺑﻴّﻨﻪ،
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱُ :ﺳﺒﻖ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﺔ. ﺃَﻣِﻦ ﺗﺬﻛّﺮِ ﺟﲑﺍﻥ ﺑِﺬﻱ ﺳَﻠَﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﮕﻼﻝ: ﲰّﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺒُﺮﺩﺓ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﻳﻀﺎً ﻓﺄﺗﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﱯّ ﰲ
ﺑﺮّﺯ ﺍﻟﮕﻞّ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻧﻄﻠﻖ ﺣﱴ ﺑﻠﻎ ﻏﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﰒ ﺍﺳﺘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻏﻄّﺎﻩ ﺑﱪﺩﺗﻪ ﻓﺸﻔﻲ ،ﻓﻨﻈﻢ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﺗﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﰲ ﺃﺭﺿﻪ. ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻛﻠﻪ.
ﻃﺒﻌﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﺭﺍً ،ﻭﳍﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻌﲔ ﺷﺮﺣﺎً
ﺑٔﺮٔﺯٔﺍﻥ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑٔﺮٔﻇٔﺎﻥ. ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺑﺮﻳﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﺯٔﺥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﺯَﺥ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ: ﻭﺗﺘﻠﻰ ﻣﻠﺤﻨﺔ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻨﺸﻴﺪﺓ(( ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﺽ
ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺰ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺌﲔ ،ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻣﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻠﻒّ ﲞﻂ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻭﳏﻼﺓ ﺑﺎﻷﺻﺒﺎﻍ
ﺍﳌﻮﺕ ﺇﱃ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺚ. ﻳﻨﺸﺮ ﺑﲔ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﲔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﻭﻧﻜﲑ.
ﻭﻻﺯﻣﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻨّﻲ ﺎ:
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺯِﺥ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ. ﻣﻮﻻﻱ ! ﺻﻞﱢ ﻭﺳﻠّﻢ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ﺃﺑَﺪﺍً
ﻗﻴﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﭘَﺮْﮊَﻙ :ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺎﺀ ،ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻴﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺒﻴﺒﻚ ﺧﲑ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﻛُﻠّﻬﻢِ
)ﺃﻱ :ﺣﺪﻭﺛﻬﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻭﻱ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ(. ﺑﺮْﺩﻭﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PARDON :ﻋﻔﻮﺍً.
ﺑٔﺮْﺯٔﻍ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺮﺯﻏۤﺖ ﻋﻴﻮﻧﻮ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺷﺎﻓۤﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺓ ﺟﺮﺩﻭﻥ
ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭ ﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﱪﻕ(( ﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻮ :ﺳَﻌﻴﺪۤﺓ ﻭﺑٔﺮْﺩﻭٓﻥ.
))ﺯﺍﻍ(( ﺃﻱ ﺯﺍﻏﺖ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﻕ ،ﰒ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﺩﻳّۤﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﺩﺍﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﳊﻤّﻰ.
ﻏﲑﻩ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ [ :ﺩﻗّﺘﻮ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﻳّۤﺔ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﻄﺮٓﻕ
ﺳﻦّ ﺑﺴﻦّ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮﺯﻭﺍﻝ :ﰲ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻣﺎﻳﺎﺗﻴﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻨﺪﺭﺟﻴﺔ :ﺍﳊﺒﻞ ﻳﺜﺒﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺎﻗﻬﻢ ،ﱂ ﺑٔﺮّٔﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﳊﺠﺞ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً. ﺗﺒﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﺯﻭٓﻟﺔ :ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﺯَﻭْﻟۤﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋَﻤٕﻠﺘﻚ ﻫَﻲْ ﻣﺎﻻ ﻣﱪّۤﺭ.
ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :BRACIUOLAﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﳊﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻠﻊ ﺗﺸﻮﻯ. ﺑَﺮٔﺯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻇﻬﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﱂ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﺯﻭﻻﺕ. ﻳﻜﻦ ،ﻟﻪ :ﺧﺮﺝ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻳﻘﺎﺗﻠﻪ.
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ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮْﻳِﺸْﻴﺎۤ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻬﺎﺀ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺑَﺮْﺳﺒﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺻﺮﻱ :ﺗﻮﱃ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ،
ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٤ ﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺳﺮﺍﻗﺐ ﺱ ٨٥٢ﻫ.
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺭِﻳﺸﻴﺎ: ﺍﻟﺒٓﺮٕﺳﺘﺎٔﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﱪﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﺀﻳﻦ :ﻣﻦ
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ) .ﺣﻠﺐ .(٧٤ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PROSTATE :ﻏُﺪﱠﺓ ﲢﻴﻂ ﺑﻌﻨﻖ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻘﺪﺭ
ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺘﻨﺎ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺘﻀﺨﻢ ﻓﻴﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﱃ ﻋﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻮﻝ،
ﺑْﺮٕﺷْﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻴۤﺾ ﺑْ ٕﺮﺷْﺖ، ﻭﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬ ﺗُﺴﺘﺄﺻﻞ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻮﻕ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻀﺞ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ
ﺑﺮﺷﺘﻪ :ﺍﳌﺸﻮﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻮﺥ ،ﻭﻧِﻴﻢ ُﺭﺷْﺖ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺑَﺮْﺳۤﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺮّﺓ ،ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻨﻀﻮﺝ ،ﻓﺤﺬﻓﻮﺍ ))ﻧﻴﻢ((. ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮﺳﺎۤ :ﺍﻟﺪﺑّﺎﻏﻮﻥ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٤٨ﺹ .١٨٤
ﺍﻟﺒْﺮٕﺷْﻘٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺳﻴﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒِﺮﺳﻴﻢ ،ﻭﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ
ﻟﻠﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﳊﻤﻞ ﺍﻷﺛﻘﺎﻝ ،ﺫﺍﺕ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﺩﻭﺍﻟﻴﺐ ﳚﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ :ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻔﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ
ﺩﺍﺑّﺘﺎﻥ ،ﲤﺘﺎﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺭّﺓ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻛﺴﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﭙٔﺎﺹ. ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻋﻲ ﺗﺴﻤﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ،ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻠﺖ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺭﺑﺎ
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ :ﺑَﺮْﺟَﻘٔﺔ. ﺇﱃ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ،ﻣﻨﻪ ٣٠٠ﻧﻮﻉ ،ﻭﺟﺪﺕ ﺑﺬﻭﺭﻩ ﰲ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﺮ
ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻴﻮﻡ.
ﺑٔﺮْﺷﻢ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﭘﺮﭼﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺷﺎ :ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﰲ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮٔﺵ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺴﺪ ﲣﺎﻟﻔﻪ ﻟﻮﻧﺎً،
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻷﺑﺮﺵ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﺵ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮﺷﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﱪﺷﺎﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘَﺮْﺟٔﺎﻡ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﭘَﺮْﺟﺎٔﻧﻪ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣﻞﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﻢ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮٔﺹ :ﺗﺒﻘﻊ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺴﺪ ﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ))ﻓﻮٓﺭﺷٓﻨﺎٓ(( :ﺧﺒﺰ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻔﻄﲑ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻴﻖ
ﺍﳌﺰﺍﺝ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻷﺑﺮﺹ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ: ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺱ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ.
ﺍﻟﱪﺻﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺮﻭﻥ. ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ –ﻋﺪﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻄﲑ– ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﺮَﺹ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﺮﺻﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺻﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﻮﻳﲔ ﺍﳌﻘﻌﺮﻳﻦ ﻳﻄﺒﻘﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺪﱄ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﺮﺻﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑْﺮَﺹ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺣﻔﺮ. ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺀ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴﻜﻮﻳﺖ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻃﺎﺵ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﻋﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻴﻖ ﻳُﻤﻸ ﻣﺮﻃﱢﺒﺎً.
ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻞ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﻷُﺳﻜُﻔّﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻃﺎﺵ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ: ﻭﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ :ﺑﺮﺷﺎﻧۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﺷﺎﻧﺎﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﺷﺎﻧﺎﻳﺔ،
–ً ۱ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ :ﻓَﺮﻃﻮﺷﺎٓ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﺎﳌﻴﻢ.
ﺣﻔﺎﻓﻪ ﺧﻄﻢ ﺍﳋﱰﻳﺮ ،ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻷﻥ ﺧﻄﻤﻪ ﰲ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﺮﺷﺎﻧﺎﺕ ،ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﳌﻴﻢ.
ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻧﺎﺗﻰﺀ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ٣ﻋﺪﺩ ٧ﺹ .٣٠
ﺑٕﺮْﺷﺎﻳۤﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻣﻦ
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ﻓﺮﺍﻏﺎﺎ ﺑﺎﳋﻴﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻫﻢ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻟﺼﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻦ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﻻ –ً ۲ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ)) :ﺑِﺮﻃﺎﺵ(( ﲟﻌﲎ
ﲢﻜﻲ ﻋﻤﺎ ﺣﺪﺙ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﲢﻜﻲ ﻋﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳛﺴﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻦّ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻃﺎﺵ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﺠﺮﺍً ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍً ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ
ﺃﻥ ﳛﺪﺙ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻜﺴﻬﺎ ﺃﺧﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﱪﻯ :ﺃﻣّﻲ. ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺃﺭﺟﺢ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﻃﻮﺷۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺮﲤﺼﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻣﺎﻱ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﺟﺪﺍً ،ﻟﻌﻞ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﻃﺎﺵ... ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﱪﻃﻮﺷۤﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﻃﻴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﱳ((: ﺑٔﺮْﻃٔﺶ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ :ﺭﻭ ﺧﻴّﻮ ! ﻻ
ﺍﻟﺒِﺮﻃﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﻟّﺪﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻋﺎﻣّﻲ :ﺍﻟﺮﺷﻮﺓ. ﺗﱪﻃۤﺶ ﻟﻌﺒﺘﻨﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻ ﲣﺮﺎ ،ﻻ ﺗﻔﺴﺪﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻃﻴﻞ. ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻬﺎ :ﺗﱪﻃﺶ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺀ ﰲ ))ﻋَﺒَﺚ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪ(( ﻋﻦ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭ ﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﳑﺎ ﻟـ))ﺑﺮﻃﺶ(( ﱂ ﳒﺪ
ﺍﻟﱪﻃﻴﻞ :ﻭﻫﻮ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ، ﻳـﻠﻲ:
ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺎﺯ. –ً ۱ﺃﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻠﻄﺶ–ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ– :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺮﻃﻞ. ﻣﻠﻄﺶ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻠﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻟﻐﺎﻫﺎ.
–ً ۲ﺃﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻓﺮﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄﺶ ﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
))ﺑﻮﺭﻱ(( ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮٔﻇٔﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮٔﺯٔﺍﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ: ﺳﻄﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ،ﺃﺧﺬﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻄﻮﺓ.
ﺃﻭ ))ﺑﻮﺭﻭ(( :ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻮﺏ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﺯٔﻥْ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻉ، –ً ٣ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻓﺮﻃﺶ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﲑُ :ﻓﺮّﺝ ﻣﺎ ﺑﲔ
ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻪ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺨﻴﺔ ﺭﺟﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﻴﺒﻮﻝ ،ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺎﺯ ﳌﻌﲎ:
ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﺯﳒﻲ ﰲ ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻋﺒﺚ ،ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻘﺮ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻱ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﻨﻔﲑ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻕ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻬﺰﺝ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ
ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ :ﺑُﻮﺭِﻳﺰﻥ ،ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﺑﺮﻃﺶ ﻟٕﻌﺒﺘﻨﺎ ﺃٕﻣﻮ ﺗٕﻨﺘٓﻒ ﺷﻌﺮﺗﻨﺎ.
ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ :ﺑُﻮﺭﻏُﻮﺯٔﻥ. ﺑٔﺮْﻃٔﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮﻃﻠﻪ :ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺒِﺮﻃﻴﻞ ﺃﻱ:
ﺍﻟﺮﺷﻮﺓ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﭘَﺮْﺗـﻠَـﻪ(( :ﺍﳍﺪﻳﺔ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑٔﺮٔﻇﺎﻧﺎﺕ. ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗَﱪﻃﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗْﱪﻃﻞ.
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻨﻔﺦ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﻇﺎﻥ :ﺍﻟﱪﻇﻨﺠﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ :ﺍﻟﱪﻃﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﳌﱪﻃۤﻞ.
ﺍﻟﱪﺯﳒﻲ. ﺑٔﺮْﻃٔﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺮﻃﻢ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺃﺩﱃ ﺷﻔﺘﻴﻪ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻀﺐ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻧﻔﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﺮﻇﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﻠۤﺔ. ﻭﺗﱪﻃﻢ :ﺍﻧﺘﻔﺦ ﻏﻀﺒﺎً.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﲝﻜﻮﺍ ﺃۤﻧﻮ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻋٕﺼْﻴﻮﺍ ]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﱄ ﺧﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻠﻘّﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺸﻠﺔ ﺑﺪّٓﻥ ﺃﻛـﻞ ﻛـﺎﰲ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺃﺳﻮﺃ ﺗﻠﻘﻴﺐ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺃٕﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻃﻴﻢ ،ﻭﻋﺠﻴﺐ ﺃﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻮﺭﺩ
ﻳﱪﻃﺶ ﻫﺎﻟﻌﺼﻴـﺎﻥ ،ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺴـﺎﻭﻱ ،ﺃﻣﺮ ﺣـﺎﺩﺛﺔ ﺇﻻ ﻭﲢﺸﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻛـﺎﺫﻳﺐ ﻛـﺄﳕﺎ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ
ﺳﺮﺩ ﺍﳊﻘـﺎﺋﻖ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺗـﺎﻓﻪ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺭﻗﻌـﺖ
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ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﻠﺐ ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺵ ﻻ ﺍﻟﱪﺯﳒﻲ ﻳﻄﻠﻊ ﻋﺴﻄﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﻠﺔ ﻭﻳﻀﺮﺏ ﺑﺮﻇﺎﻥ :ﺇﱃ
ﻟﺘﻄﺤﻦ. ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺡ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﲰﻌﻮﺍ ﺭﮔﺪﻭﺍ ﻭﲪﻠﻮﺍ ﺳﻼﺣﻦ ،ﻭﻧﺰﻝ
ﻭﲰﺎﻩ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( :ﺍﻟﺒِﺮﻏِﻞ. ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﻠﻘﻲ ﺍﻹﻳﻌﺎﺯﺍﺕ :ﻴﺄ ،ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲔ ﺩُﺭ،
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﰲ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﻝ ،ﻋﻦ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ ﺩُﺭ ،ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺍﺀ ﺩُﺭ ،ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻡ ﺳﺮ )ﻭﻓﺘﺢ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ. ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﻠﺔ ،ﻭﻃﺎﻟَﻌﻦ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﻗﺎﺻﺺ ﻛﻢ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﻭﰲ ))ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻧﻠﻲ ﻟﻐﱵ(( :ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﺑﻮﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﻭﻣﺸﻲ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ(.
ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﻮﺭ.
ﻭﰲ ))ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺩﺍﻭﻭﺩ(( :ﻭ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻮﻕ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ): ﺑٔﺮٔﻉ :ﺑَﺮَﻉ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﻓﺎﻕ ﻏﲑﻩ) ،ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺮَﻉَ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ( ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﻔﻒ ﻭﻗﺸﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻕ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﳉﺒﻞَ :ﻋﻼﻩ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﺑﺎﺭﻉ(.
ﺍﻟﺪﺷﺸﻴﺔﻭﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻉ.
ﻗﻮﻟﻪ)) :ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻕ(( ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻳﺪﻗﻮﺎ ﺑﺎﳉﺮﻥ
ﺃﻭ ﳝﺮﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺳﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﻠّﻮﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻋﻮﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﺑﻠﻐﻮﺭ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﻋﻮﻡ :ﺯﻫﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻔﺘّﺢ ﻛِﻢ ﲦﺮﻩ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺭﻏﻮﻝ.
ﺃﻭ BOURGHOURI ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ: ﺑٔﺮْﻏٔﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺮﻏﺸﺖ ﻋﻴﻮﱐ،
.BNIGHOURI ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ ﺑﺼﺮﻫﺎ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭ
ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﰲ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ ﳚﻠﻲ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻧﻘﺎﻃﺎً
ﺭﺣﻠﺘﻪ. ﺳﻮﺩﺍﺀ ﻛﺎﻟﱪﻏﺶ.
ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﰲ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٧٨٦ﰲ:
.٨٤ﻗﺎﻝ: ﺟـ ١ﺹ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ((: ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﻏﺶ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻮﺽ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻃﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺑـ ٢٨ﻏﺮﺷﺎً. )ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻮﺽ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ
ﻭﻻ ﺻﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ :ﲰﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﻠﻜﻊ(.
))ﺑُﺮّ(( ﻏُﻠﻲ ﺃﻱ :ﺣﻨﻄﺔ ﺳﻠﻘﺖ. ﺑٔﺮْﻏٔﺶ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺧﺎﺩﻡ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻏﻮﺍﺕ ﰲ ﻗﺮﻯ
ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻨﻊ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﳉﺮﺷﻪ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻭﻻﺑﲔ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ:
ﻳﺪﻳﺮﳘﺎ ﺷﺨﺼﺎﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺭﻭﺣﺔ ﺑﺮﻏﺶ
ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳉﺮﺵ ﻳﻨﺨﻞ ﻓﻴﱰﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻋﻢ ﳊﺎۤﺭۤﻡ )ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻵﻏﺎ ﻟﺼﺤﺒﻪ :ﺑﻜﺮﺍ ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﺑﻌﺖ
ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻃﺤﲔ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ،ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻔﺎً ﻟﻠﺪﺟﺎﺝ ﺑﺮﻏﺶ ﳊﺎۤﺭۤﻡ ،ﻭﲰﻊ ﺑﺮﻏﺶ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﻟﻮ ﺍﻵﻏﺎ ،ﻭﺑﺪﻭﻥ
ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺧﺒﺰ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺃﻣﻮﻥ. ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻮ ﺭﺍﺡ ﳊﺎۤﺭﻡ ﻭﺭﺟﻊ(.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻏٓﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻠﻐﻮﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺑُﻮﺭﻏﻮﻝ ﺃﻭ
ﰒ ﻳﻐﺮﺑﻞ ﺑﻐﺮﺑﺎﻝ ﻧﺎﻋﻢ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﱰﻝ ﻣﻨﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﺎﻝ ﺑُﻮﻟﻐﻮﺭ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑُﺮﻏﻮﻝ :ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ ﺗُﺴﻠﻖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ
ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺻﺮﺍۤﺻﲑﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗﺼﻮّﻝ ،ﰒ ﲡﻔﻒ ﻓﺘﻘﺸﺮ ﳔﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﺠﺮﺵ.
ﰒ ﻳﻐﺮﺑﻞ ﺑﻐﺮﺑﺎﻝ ﺧﺸﻦ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﱰﻝ ﻣﻨﻪ
٩١
ﻛﺄﻧّﻪ ﻳﺸﺪّﻫﺎ ﻭﰲ ﳒﺪ ﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮ ﲟﺴﺎﻣﲑ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺐ. ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻋﻢ ،ﻟﻀﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺐ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ
ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﺘﻪ ﺟﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ: ﺍﳋﺸﻦ ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺦ.
ﺍﳌْﺒَﺤﺘَﺮ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ﺑﱪﻏﻞ :ﻣﺪﻛﻮﻙ ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺣﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ :ﺑٕﺮﻏﻠۤﺔ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻏﻼﻱ
ﻣﺒْﺤﺘَﺮ. ﻭﺑﺮﻏﻼﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﺮﻏﻼﺕ ﻭﺑﺮﻏﻼﻳﺎﺕ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻃﺒﺦ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﻃﺮﻳﺎً ﲰﻮﻩ: ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻓﻴﺠﻤﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﺮﺍﻏﻞ ﻭﺑﺮﺍﻏﻴﻞ.
))ﺍﳌﺨﺒﻮﺹ(( ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﻘﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻔﺎً ﲰﻮﻩ)) :ﺍﳌْﻔَﻠﻔَﻞ(( ﻷﻧﻪ ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺼﺮ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ ))ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ(( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻏﻴﻞ.
ﻛﺤﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻔﻞ. ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ :ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻠﺠﻲ،
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻘﺒﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻮﺥ ﻭﲜﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﻴﺔ: ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻠﺠﻴﺔ.
))ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﲔ((. ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﺑﺮﻏﻠﺠﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺣﺮﻗﺖ ﺣﻨﻄﺘﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺯﺣﻠﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﺩﻭﻥ ﺑﺮﻏﻠﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ.
ﻧﻀﻮﺟﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﺴﻤﻰ :ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﻜﺔ. ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﻠﻤﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻳﻒ
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺍﶈﺮﻭﻕ ﻓﻴﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺍﶈﻤّﺺ. ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻋﻠﻤﺖ ﻣﺎ ﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺟﺮﻳﺲ ﻭﺟَﺮَﺵ )ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻭﺃﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺣﻨﻄﺘﻪ ﻋﻤﻘﻴﺔ ﺃﻱ:
ﺍﳉﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﻓﲔ( ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﳉﺮﻳﺶ ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻖ(( :ﲰﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻣﺎﺩّﺎ ﺩﺑﻘﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ :ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺦ ،ﻋﻨﻮﺍ ﻃﺒﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ٢٩ﺹ .٤٠٨ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻏﲑﻩ.
ﺯﻋﻤﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻟﻴﲏ ﻻﺣﻆ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺟﺴﻢ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺪﺷﻴﺸﺔ،
ﺟﻨﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔﳉﻤﻴﻊ ﺩﻭﻝ ﺃﻭﺭﭘﺎ ،ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺠﻠﺐ ﻋﺎﳌﺎً ﻭﺍﳋﻀﻴﻤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﺮﻳﺶ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﰲ ﺍﳋﻀﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻌﲎ
ﻋﺎﳌﻴﺎً ﺑﺎﻷﻏﺬﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﲨﻠﺔ ﲡﺎﺭﻳﺒﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻖ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺖ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﳉﺮﻳﺶ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺖ ﺩﻭﻥ
ﻳﺒﺪﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﻜﺮﻭﻧﺔ ﺑـ PLÉCASSÉﺃﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻓﻔﺴﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻖ.
ﻣﻌﺪﻢ. ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﰲ)) :ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ(( ﺟـ ١ﺹ :٢٧٦ﻗﻴﻞ:
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ: ﺇﻥ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﲔ ﻋﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺮ ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺑﲔ ﺇﱃ
ﻭﺍﺩﻓﻨـﻪ )ﺃﻱ :ﺍﺩﻓﻦ ﳊﻢ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﻑ( ﺟﻨﻜﻴﺰ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ
ﰲ ﺭﺯّ ﻛﺬﺍﻙ ﺑﱪﻏﻞ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺯﺍﺩﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺃﺳﻔﺎﺭﻫﻢ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻭﺇﻥ ﻫﻲ )ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺎﺓ(
ﺗُﺸﻮَﻯ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻀﺎﻑ ﻟﱪﻏ ٍﻞ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ
ﻭﺭﺯّ ﻭﺯﻳﺖ ﻭﺻﻔُﻬﺎ ﺟﻞّ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺼﺮِ ﻧﺘﻮﺀﺍﺕ ﻭﺣُﺒﻴﺒﺎﺕ :ﻣﺒْﺮﻏۤﻞ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﻧﺴﻴﺞ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺃﻛﺜَـﺮﻭﺍ ﺍﻟـﻬﱪَ ﺿﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻗـﻠّﻮﺍ )ﺃﻱ: ﻣﱪﻏۤﻞ ،ﻭﺧﺸﺐ ﻣﱪﻏۤﻞ ،ﻭﻋﺮﻣﻮﻁ
ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺒّﺔ( ﻣﱪﻏۤﻞ.
ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻮﺥ ))ﺑﺴﺎﻣﲑ ﻭﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﻥ
ﺑـﺮﻏﻼً ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺎﺣﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟـﺠﺮﻥ ﺿـﺮﺑَـﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺐ((،
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ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺍﶈﻤﺺ ﻣﺮ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ: ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻭﺑﱪﻏﻞ ﺩﻓﻨﻮﻩ ﻣﻊ ﺭﺯ ﻭﰲ) ...ﺃﻱ:
ﻟﺪﻯ ﺳﻠﻘﻪ ﻭﻟﺪﻯ ﲢﻤﻴﺼﻪ ﻭﻟﺪﻯ ﻃﺒﺨﻪ. ﺩﻓﻨﻮﺍ ﳊﻢ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﻑ(.
ﻳﺆﻛﻞ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﲜﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻠﱭ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻭﺍﳍﱪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻏﻞ ﻛﺒّﺔ
ﻣﺴﻘﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ. )ﺃﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﳊﻢ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﻑ(.
ﺑٕﺮْﻏٓﻞ ﻧﺎﻧّﱵ :ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻳﻄﺒﺦ ﻣﻊ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﺍﳌﻘﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﺖ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻛﺒّۤﺔ ﻧﻴّﺔ
ﺗﻠﺖ ﺃﻳﺎۤﻡ ﻭﺭﺍ ﺑﻌﻀﺎ ﺑﺘﻄﻴّﺮ ﺑﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﻏﻮﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﻏﻮﺙ :ﺣﺸﺮﺓ ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﺗﺮﻭ ﻧﻘﻊ ﻣﺘﻞ
ﻭﺛﺎﺑﺔ ﻻ ﺃﺟﻨﺤﺔ ﳍﺎ ،ﺗﻠﻜﻊ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺗﺜﻘﺐ ﺑﻔﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ.
ﻟﺘﻤﺺ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻏﻴﺚ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺻﻮﺕ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻃﺎﺣﻮﻧﺔ
ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻏﻴﺪ. ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺩﺷﺎﻟﻴّﺎ ﻣﻌﻄّﻠۤﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ ﺟـ ١٠ﺹ .٣۰٣
ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ :ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺙ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﺪۤﺱ ﻟﻮﻟﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ
ﻣﺮﺟﺎﻥ :ﳎﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻣﺎﺑْﺘﻠﺘَﻘﻰ ﺇﻻ ﺑْﺒﻴۤﺖ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﻥ ،ﺇﺫﺍ
ﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ٢٨ﺹ :١٠٢ﻋـﻨﺪ ﺗﺸﺎﺭﻟﺲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻋﺸﺖ ﻭﻏﻨّﻴۤﺖ ،ﺍﻟﻌ ّﺰ
ﺭﻭٓﺗﺸﻴﻠﺪ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻟﻮﻑ ﻭﺃﻟﻮﻑ ﺃﻟﻮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻠﺮﺯّ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺷﻨﻖ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ )ﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻳﻔﻀﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ
ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻏﻴﺚ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ... ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻳﻔﻀﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻠﺔ( ،ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﺪّﺍ ﻟﻠﺠﻴﺞ ﺑﺘﻮﺩﱠﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺯ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺪّﺍ ﻟﻠﻤﻠﻮﻙ ﺑﺘﻮﺩّﻯ.
ﻭﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺆﺩﺍﻩ :ﻭﺟﺪ ﺑﺮﻏﻮﺙ
ﳏﻨّﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻋﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﻉ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻏٓﻞ ﺑْﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ :ﻳﻠﻘﺒﻪ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ :ﻳﻬﻮﺩﻱ
))ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ(( :ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻏﻴﺚ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ. ﻣﺴﺎۤﻓﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﻧﻪ :ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻫﺎﺭﺏ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻛﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺙ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﻃﺎﻓﺮ ،ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻏٓﻞ ﺑْﺒَﻨَﺪﻭٓﺭﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻔﻨﻨﺎﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ،
ﻋﺪﻱ ،ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻮﺛّﺎﺏ ،ﻭﻃﺎﻣﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻃﺎﻣﺮ. ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺦ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺕ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ: ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻱ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺍﻏَﺖْ.
ﻭﻛﻨﺖ ﻗﺮﺃﺕ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﻮ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺑﺎﳌﻐﻤﻮﻣﺔ ﻳﻠﻘﺐ ﺑْﺴَﺒﺎﻧۤﺦ: ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻏٓﻞ
ﻳﻘﻔﺰ ﻗﻔﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺙ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﻰ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﺠﻤﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻬﺒﻬﺎﻧﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺙ ،ﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﻗﻔﺰﺍﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻳﺼﻞ
ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻏٓﻞ ﺑﻔﻮﻝ :ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ ﺱ ٣٠ﺹ ٤٥١ﻭ ٥٤٧ﻭ .٦٥٧
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻏﻮﺩ ﺣﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻏٓﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻱ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ.
ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎۤﻑ) ،ﻭﺳﺨﺔ( ﺑﺮﻏﻮﺩ ﺑﺘﻨﻘﺾ ﻟﻮ ﺃﺿﻮﻩ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻏٓﻞ ﺍﶈﻤّﺺ :ﳛﻤّﺺ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻃﺒﺨﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺩ
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ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺣﻠﺐ، ﺑﺎﻟﻠﱭ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﻥ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﺮﻏﻮﺩ )ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺎ( :ﻣﺎ
ﻛﻜﻠّﺲ ﻭﻋﻨﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﻣﺮﻋﺶ ﻭﺃﻭﺭﻓﻪ ﻭﺃﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴﺔ ﺪﺍ ،ﺑﺮﻏﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺟَﻤَﻞ.
ﻭﺇﺳﻜﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ ،ﰒ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮﺕ ﰲ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[:
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﻋﺒﺪﻭ ﻋﺒﻴﺪ ﺳْﻨۤﺎﻧٓﻮ ﺑِﻴﺾ ﺑٕﻘﺮٓﻁ ﻗﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻏﻴﺪ
ﻳﺮﻛﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﱪ ﻭﻳﺴﲑ ﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ ،ﺇﱃ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻣﺎﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺃﺳﺮﻉ ﻣﺎﳋﻴﻞ
ﺍﳉﺎﻧﻜﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﳘﺎ ،ﰒ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﺑﺄﺟﺮ ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ﺑﺮﻏﻮﺩ ﺯﻏﲑ، ﳊﻘﻮﻩ ﲬﺴﺔ ﻭﻛﻤﺸﻮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﺟﺎﺑﻮﻩ ﺗﻨﲔ ﻭﻃﻘّﻮﻩ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺼﻠﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻨﻄﻠﻘﻬﻢ ﻳﻬﺰﺟﻮﻥ: ﺗﻼﺗﺔ) :ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺩ( ﺃﻭ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﲪﺰﺓ ﺑﻘﻤﺰ ﻗﻤﺰﺓ ﺑﻠﺤﻘﻮﻩ
– ﺑﺮﻏﻮﺩﻱ ﲬﺴﺔ ﺑﻜﻤﺸﻮﻩ ﺗﻨﲔ.
–ﻳﺎ ﺣﻴﻒ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺑﺮﻏﻮﺩﻱ ! ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ :ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺩﻳﻦ ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻠﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﻏﻮﺩ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺎۤﺭﻙ ﰲ ﻗﻬﻮۤﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻌﻪ ﻭﻣﻊ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ ﻗﻀﻴﻨﺎ ﺻﺒﻮﺗﻨﺎ.
ﻭﻣﺘﻘّۤﻞ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ ﺑﻠﻔّۤﺔ ﻛﺘﲑ ﻛﺒﲑۤﺓ ،ﺷﻮﻓﻮ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺪﺧّﻦ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻗﺴﻤﺎﻥ :ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﻭﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻴﺪﻱ،
ﺃﺭﮔﻴﻠﺘﻮ ﻭﺑﻨﻔﺦ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻨﺔ ﻭﻣﺒﻴّﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻜﺮﻭ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ. ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﻭﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ:
ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻏﻴﺪ.
ﺷﻮﻑ ﻭﻟﺪ ﺭﺍۤﮔﺪ ﻟﻌﻨﺪﻭ :ﻳﺎﺑﻮ ﻳﺎﺑﻮ! ﺃٕﻣﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ
ﻭﻟﺪۤﺕ ﻭﺟﺎﺑۤﺖ ﺑﻨﺖ. ﻛﺒﲑ ﺍﳊﺠﻢ ﺛﻘﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ :ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺸﻠﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﻭﻱ ﻭﺃﺑﻮ
ﺷﺤﻂ ﻟﻮ ﺷﺤﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﺪ ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ﳉﻴﺒﻮ ﻭﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﺗﺔ ﻭﺍﻴﺪﻱ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺮﺍ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻛﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻱ
ﺑﺮﻏﻮﺩ ﻛﺒﲑ. ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﰲ ﺟﻴﺐ ﻋﺐّ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺒﺎﺯ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻠﺘﺎﻥ ،ﰒ ﳌﺎ ﺍﻗﺘﺒﺴﺖ
ﻭﻟﺴّﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻀﻰ ﺭﺑﻊ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺭﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ :ﻳﺎﺑﻮ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺲ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﳒﻲ ﻭﻧﺎﺀﺕ ﺟﻴﻮﺏ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﻳﺎﺑﻮ :ﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﺃﻣﻲ ﻭﻟﺪﺕ ﻭﺟﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻨﺖ. ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺲ ﲝﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺴّﺖ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺗﺼﻐﲑ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ،ﻓﺴﻜّﺖ
ﺷﺤﻂ ﻟﻮ ﺷﺤﻄﺘﲔ ﻭﺩﻗّﺮ ﺷﻮﻱ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﻣﺪّ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ﰲ ﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺩ ﺑﻨﻮﻋﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺒَﲑ
ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ﳉﻴﺒﻮ ﻭﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺑﺮﻏﻮﺩ ﺯﻏﲑ. ﻭﺍﻟﺼَﻐﲑ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﻜْﺒﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺰْﻏﲑ.
ﻭﻛﺘﺮﺕ ﺷﺤﻄﺎﺗﻮ ﻭﻛﺘﺮﺕ ،ﺃﻧﺎ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺸﻮﻑ ﻭﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ – ﺩﻭﻥ ﺳﻮﺍﻫﻢ – ﲰﻮﺍ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﻣﻊ ﺩﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻄﺎﺕ ﺩﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﳍﻢّ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻃﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﻏﻮﺩ ،ﻭﺳﺒﺐ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﺷﻮﻱ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎﺗﻮ ،ﻭﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺭﺍۤﮔﺪ ﻟﻌﻨﺪﻭ: –ً ۱ﺃﻥ ﺣﺸﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺩ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺃﺿﻴﻖ
–ﻳﺎﺑﻮ ﻳﺎﺑﻮ! ﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﺃﻣﻲ ﻭﻟﺪﺕ ﻭﺟﺎﺑﺖ ﺗﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﺜﻐﺮﺍﺕ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ.
ﺑﻨﺖ. –ً ۲ﺃﻥ ﺣﺸﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻮﺩ ﺗﻨﻔﻠﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ
ﺑﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ
ﺷﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺰﳌﺔ ﻟﻔﺘﻮ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻮﻟﺪ :ﺭﻭ ﺍﺩﺣَﺸَﺎ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ.
ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺒٕﻆّ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻨﺎﺕ ،ﻳﻨﻌﻞ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﻚ. –ً ٣ﺃﻥ ﺍﳊﺸﺮﺓ ﳍﺎ ﻗﻮﺓ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ
ﺑٕﺮْﻏِﻲ :ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺑُﺮﻏِﻲ ﺣﺠﻤﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ.
ﻭﺑِﺮﻏِﻲ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ)) :ﺑُﻮﺭﻏﻮ(( ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴـﺔ
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ﻭﺍﺗﺼﻠﺖ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﺈﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﱪﻗﻲ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﱐ ﺍﳌﺴﻄﺢ ﲞﻄﻮﻁ ﻟﻮﻟﺒﻴﺔ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ
ﺳﻨﺔ .١٨٦١ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﻨﺔ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﻬﺎ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻗﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﱪﻗﻴﺎﺕ ،ﻭﲰﻌﻨﺎ ﻭﻭﺿﻌﻮﺍ ﳍﺎ :ﺍﳌﺨﺮﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻟﱯ.
ﲨﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻗﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻛﻤﺎﻝ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪ ﻭﲰﺎﻫﺎ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ(( :ﺍﳌﺴﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻟﱯ.
ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﳌﻮﻇﻒ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ :ﻋﻈّﻮﺏ! ﻳﺎﻭﻝ ﻋﻈّﻮﺏ! ﻧﺎﻭﺷﻲ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻏﻲ.
ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻗﻲ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻣﺸﻴّﺎ ﺑﺴﺎﻉ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺭﺹّ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻲ ،ﻓﻚ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻲ
ﺑﺮﻕ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺑﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﱪﻕ ﺑَﺮﻗﺎَ ﻭﺑﺮﻭﻗﺎً ﻭﺑَﺮَﻗﺎﻧﺎً ﲟﻔﻚ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻏﻲ.
ﻭﺑﺮﻳﻘﺎً :ﻇﻬﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﳌﻊ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺩﺷّﺮﻭ ،ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﺮﻏﻲ ﻋﻘﻠﻮ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﺮﻕ ﻭﺃَﺑﺮﻕ :ﳌﻊ. ﻓﻠﺘﺎﻥ ،ﺑﺮﺍﻏﻴﻪ ﻓﻠﺘﺎﻧۤﺔ ﻫﺎﺩ ،ﺑﺮﺍﻏﻴﻪ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﺷﺪّ ،ﺑﺮﺍﻏﻲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﺎﻟﻄﺮﻗﺔ )ﺃﻱ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻛﺎﻩ ﻣﺮﲣﻴّۤﺔ ،ﺃﻛﻞ ﺑﺮﻏﻲ ﻣﺼﺪﱢﻱ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺳﻠﻜﺖ
ﺍﻷﻛﻞ( ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻗﺔ ﻭﻋﺎﻟﺸﻐﻠﺔ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻠﺔ. ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺣﻴﻠﺔ ﻳﺼﻌﺐ ﺣﻠﻬﺎ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺷﻲ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻭﲣﺒّﻰ ﺑﲔ
ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ) :ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻒ(. ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﻕ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻧﻮﺭ ﻳﻠﻤﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺛﺮ
ﺑﺮﱠﻕ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺑﺮّﻗﻪ :ﺯﻳﻨﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺏ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﳌّﻌﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺟـ ١ﺹ .٨٧
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻮﺭﻕ ﻭﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﻧﱪﻕ. ﻣﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺗﻴﺐ:
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻗٓﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺮْﻗﻊ :ﻏﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ، ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﻕِ ﺷﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﻠّﻎ ﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺧﲑ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﻡِ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﻟﻠﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﰒ ﺍﲣﺬﺗﻪ ﻧﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻏﲑﻫﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﺮَﻕ.
ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﺷﺎً ﺃﺳﻮﺩ. ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮﻗﺎٓ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮﻗﺎ.
ﻭﺑﺮﻗﻊ ﻟﻴﺒﻴﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺮ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺧﻼ ﺛﻘﺒﲔ
ﻟﻠﻌﻴﻨﲔ ،ﻭﰲ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﻳﺘﺮﻙ ﻓﺮﺟﺔ ﻻ ﺛﻘﺒﺎً ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ، ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﻕ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﺍﺋﺮ ﺭﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﺗﺘﺴﻊ ﻗﻠﻴﻼً ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺟﺔ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺜﻘﻮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﲣﺎﻁ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺛﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻓﻼ ﺛﻘﺒﲔ ﻭﻻ ﻓﺮﺟﺔ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﻧﺴﻴﺞ ﺧﺎﻣﻲ ﻻ ﺛﻘﺐ ﻟﻠﺰﻳﻨﺔ ،ﲰّﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﱪﻕ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﻠﻤﻊ ﻛﺎﻟﱪﻕ.
ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻳﺮﺑﻂ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﻭﻳﺘﺪﱃ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺓ ،ﻭﳝﻜﻦ ﻭﰲ ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﺟﺮﻣﺎﻧﻮﺱ ﺣﻮّﺍ :ﻣﻄﺮﺍﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ
ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺩﺭﺎ ﺑﺈﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﲢﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺮﻓﻌﻪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺳﻨﺔ :١٨٠٧ﻭﺍﳋَﺮْﺝ ﺿﻴّﻖ ﺑﻐﲑ ﻗﺼﺐ ﻭﻻ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻭﻻ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻓﺘﺮﻯ ﻣﻮﻃﻰﺀ ﻗﺪﻣﻬﺎ :ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﺷﺎﻫﺪﺕ ﰲ ﺣﺴﻴﲏ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ،ﺳﻴّﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﺎﻝ.
ﺭﺣﻼﰐ ﺇﱃ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ﻓﺐ ))ﻏﺮﺓ((.
ﻗﺪ ﻳﻠﺪ ﺍﳉﻨﲔ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ ﻏﺸﺎﺀ ﳐﺎﻃﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﻕ] :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[:
ﺍﳌﺸﻴﻤﺔ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﻗﻊ ،ﻭﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻐﺸﺎﺀ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻐﺮﺍﻑ ،ﻷﻧﻪ ﻗﻮﺓ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﲑ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻣﻘﺪﺱ ﻭﳐﻄﻮﻁ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻗﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﺈﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﺳﻼﻙ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﲢﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﺈﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ،
ﺳﻠﺨﻪ ﳚﻔﻔﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﳛﻔﻈﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻣﺸﻤﻊ ﻓﺄﺷﺒﻬﺖ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺏ ،ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ :ﺍﻟﱪﻗﻴﺔ،
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﺑﺮﻕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
٩٥
)ﺍﻟﺒﻔﻠّۤﺖ( ﻋﺒﺴﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ )ﺑﻔﻠﺘﻮﻟﻪ( ﻋﺒﺴﺎﻃﻮ. ﻭﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺣﺠﺎﺑﺎً ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﻮﺩ
ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺷﺄﻥ ﺩﻳﲏ ﺧﻄﲑ ،ﻭﺃﻥ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﻳﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻬﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺍﳉْﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﺘﻌﺎۤﺭﻙ ﺇﻻ ﲨﻠﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪ.
ﺑﺎﺭۤﻙ ،ﺻﺒﻴّۤﺔ ﻟﺒﻴّﺔ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻘﻤﺮ :ﻏﻴﺐ ﻷﺑﺮٓﻙ ﻣﻄﺮﺣﻚ
)ﺃﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻚ( ﺭﻗﻴﺐ ،ﻻ ﺑَﺤﺒّﻚ ﻭﻻ ﺑَﻔﺎﺭﻗﻚ ﺑْﺮﻭﻙ ﺣَﺠْﺮۤﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻗﺔ :ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻠﺔ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺑﺎﺏ
ﻗﺪّﺍﻣﻲ ﺣﱴ ﺃﺧﺎﻧﻘﻚ. ﺍﻧﻄﺎﻛۤﻪ ،ﻳﺪﺍﻭﻯ ﺎ ﺍﳌﱪﻭﻕ ﺑﺄﻥ ﳚﻠﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﺘﻠﻔﺖ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳉﱰﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻮﻕ )ﺃﻱ: ﻭﺭﺍﺀﻩ ﳓﻮ ﺍﳉﺪﺍﺭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻧﱪﻕ.
ﺍﳊﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ( ﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﱪﻛۤﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻭﻕ ،ﺑﺮﻭٓﻙ ﺑٔﺮْﻗﻮﻡ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ،
ﺃﻋﻮﺝ ﻭﺍﺣﻜﻲ ﺳﺎۤﻭﻱ )ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻭﻛﺮﺩﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮْﻗٔﻮﻣٓﺎ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ
ﻭﺃﺭﻣﲏ ﻭﺣﻠﱯ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ( ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٤
ﻳﱪٓﻙ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﻻﺯۤﻡ ﻳﻘﻠﻊ ﻋۤﻴﻨﻮ. ﺍﻟﱪﻗﻴﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺮﺳﻞ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ
ﺍﻟﱪﻕ :ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻐﺮﺍﻑ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﱪﻕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺮﻭﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻄٔﻘٔﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟَﻢ ﻋﻢ
ﺑﺘﺰﻳﻨﻚ ﻭﻻ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﺰﻡ ﺣﺪّﻙ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﲢﺪّﻱ ﺑٔﺮٔﻙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮَﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﲑُ ﺑُﺮﻭﻛﺎً :ﺃﻟﻘﻰ
ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺟﲔ(. ﺑَﺮْﻛَﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻟﻘﻰ ﻛﻠﻜﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺻﺪﺭﻩ،
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻘﻌﻮﺩ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﺗﱪٓﻙ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺘﺒۤﺔ ﻭﺗﻜﺶ
ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺼﺒﺔ )ﺗﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳉﺪﺓ ﺗﺮﻳﺪﺍﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﻧﺴﻠﻪ(. ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﻛۤﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺟﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺪﻭ ﻳﱪﻙ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮٔﻙ ،ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻘﻌﻮﺩ
ﻋﺎﻟﻜﺮﺳﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﺳﻲ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺎﻟﺰﳌﺔ ﻣﻐﻀﻮﺏ، ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ،ﻭﺑْﺮٔﻙ )ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﺧﺎﺀ( :ﺭﻛﻊ ﻭﺟﺜﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﱪٓﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺮﺍﻓﻴﺴﻮ ﺑْﺨٔﺘﻴۤﺮ ﻗﻮﺍﻡ. ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﺍﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ :ﻗﺪّﻡ ﺑﺪﻭﻱ ﻟﻀﻴﻔﻮ
ﻓﻨﺠﺎﻥ ﻗﻬﻮﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻴﻒ ﺍﻋﺘﺬﺭ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ :ﻓﻨﺠﺎﻥ
ﺑٔﺮّٔﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﺘﻬﺎ، ﺻﻴﲏ ﻣﺎﻫﻮ ﻓﻨﺠﺎﻥ ﻃﻴﲏ ،ﺗﱪٓﻙ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﻳﻚ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﻧﺘۤﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﳍﻤﺰﺓ. ﻧﺎﻗﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺃﻟﻮ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻫﻮ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫَﻲ ﺑٔﺮﻛﱵ ﻋﺎﻟﻠﻘﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﺼﺒﺢ.
ﺯﻧﮕﲔ ﺑﱪﻛﻮﻩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻫﻴﻚ ﻭﻻ ﻫﻮ
ﻫﻴﻚ ﺑﻨْﺠﻘﻮﻩ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺎﺭۤﻙ ﲝﻀﻨﻨﺎ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﻨﺘٓﻒ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺑﺮّﻛﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺮﻧﻮ )ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﺪﻗﻨﻨﺎ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﺮﻙ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺒﻴّۤﻦ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻡ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺰﻳّﻦ،
ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ(. ﺍﻟﱪﻭﺡ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴۤﺮ ﻋﺰﳝۤﺔ ﺑﱪﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻴۤﺮ ﲰﺎﻁ ،ﺑﺮﻭٓﻙ
ﺑﻘﺎ ،ﺃﺵ ﰲ ﻋﻘﺒﻚ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﻠﻴﻌﺺ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ –
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮٔﻙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻮﺭٔﻙ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ:
ﺭﻗﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ ﺍﳌﺒﺴﻮﺱ ﳛﺸﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺸﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﳉﱭ
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ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺟﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ. ﺃﻭ ﲟﻘﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺒﺎﻧﺦ ﺗﻄﻮﻯ ﻭﺗﻘﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻤﻦ
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﻌﻮﺩﻱ :ﺍﻷَﻃَﻤَﺔ. ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً.
ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭﺽ ﺟﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ﻭﻳﺘﻔﻨﻦ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻛﲔ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﳓﻮ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺑﺮﻛﺎﻥ ،ﺛﻠﺜﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ...ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﱪﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻳﻌﺔ ﰒ ﺻﺪﺭٍ.
ﺛﺎﺋﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﻫﺎﻣﺪ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮﻛٔﺎﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻜﺎﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘَﺮﮔٔﺎﺭ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻤﻮﺭﻳﺔ :ﺹ ،٧٠ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ١ﺹ ١٥٧ﻭﺱ ﭘَﺮْﮔٔﺎﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺃﻟﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺗﺮﺳﻢ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ،
٢٧ﺹ ٨٦٩ﻭ ،٨٩٠ﻭﺱ ٦٤ﺹ .٢٢٥ ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻭﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﻬﺎ.
ﺑٔﺮٔﻛَﺖ ﻭٔﺭْﺳۤﻦ :ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﲟﻌﲎ: ﻧﻘﻠﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﻠﻔﻆ :ﻓِﺮﺟﺎﺭ ﻭﺑَﺮﻛﺎﺭ،
ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻙ )ﺍﻟﻠّﻪ( ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ ،ﻳﻘﻮﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﻊ ﺣﲔ ﻳﻘﺒﺾ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺃﻗﺮّ ))ﻓﺮﺟﺎﺭ(( ﳎﻤﻊ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ.
ﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﲦﻦ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺘﻪ. ﱂ ﺗﺮﺩ ﰲ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻗﺪﱘ ،ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﰲ ﺷﻌﺮ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﳜﺘﺼﺮﻭﺎ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺮﻛﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺭّﺟﺎﱐ:
ﺑﺮﻛﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ. ﻛﺄﻧﲏ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺑَﺮﻛﺎﺭٍ ﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓٍ.
ﺑٔﺮٔﻛَﻨْﺪَﻩْ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ: ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﰲ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻛُﺸﺎﺟﻢ :ﻧﺺّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﭘﺮﺍﻛَﻨْﺪَﻩْ :ﺍﳌﺸﺘّﺖ ،ﺍﳌﺘﻔﺮﱢﻕ ،ﺍﳌﻜﺮﻭﺏ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﱂ ))ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ((.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﲣﻴﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﻭﰲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﺹ :١٧
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﻠﻔﻆ ))ﺑَﺮَﻙ(( ﺃﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻄﻠﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺷﺠﺎﺭ ﺗﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭ ﻛﺄﻢ )ﻛﺬﺍ( ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺻﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻹﳘﺎﻝ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴﺎﺩ. ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﻜﺎﺭ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻛﺒﺔ ﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﺎﻟﺒَﺮَﻛﺔ(.
ﺗﻠﺖ ﺃﻳﺎۤﻡ ﺑﺘﻄﻴّﺮ ﺑﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮٔﻛۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮَﻛﺔ :ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺎﺀ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺧﻴۤﺮ ﻭﺑَﺮَﻛۤﺔ ،ﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﺩﺓ.
ﺑَﺮَﻛﺔ ﺷﺮﻳﻜﲔ ﻣﺎ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍ ،ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺑَﺮَﻛﺔ، ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺎﺕ.
ﺍﳊَﺮَﻛﺔ ﺑَﺮَﻛﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺰﻭﺭﻧﺎ ﲝﻞّ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮَﻛﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﺰﻭﺭﻧﺎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﻭﺗﱪﻙ ﻭﺗﺒﺎﺭﻙ.
ﲞﻔّۤﻒ ﻟَﺒَﻜﺔ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻛْﺘﲑ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮَﻛﺔ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑۤﺮۤﻛٔﺔ ) :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ
ﺧﺎﺀ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﻛﺔ ﺑﻌﻤﺮﻙ ) :ﺑﺎﻃﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺭٓﻛٓﺎ )ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ
ﺍﻟﻘﻌﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻠﻞ ﻭﻇﺎﻫﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮَﻛﺔ ،ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﻓﻼ ﺧﺎﺀ( ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻮﺭٓﻛﺎ.
ﺗﺒﲔ ﺃﻫﻲ ﺑﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ ﺃﻡ ﺑﻔﺘﺤﻬﺎ(. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ:
ﺑَﺮَﻛﺖ ﻭﺑَﺮَﻛﺎﺕ.
ﺑٔﺮْﻛﻲ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻠﻜﻲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ:
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺑٕﺮْﮔٓﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﻭﻋّﺎﻅ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ .BERITCHET
ﻋﺼﺮﻧﺎ ،ﻣﺘﺸﺪّﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺟﺪﺑﻨۤﻪ .ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻔﻪ ﰲ ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BEREKET :
ﺍﻟﻮﻋﻆ :ﻭﻳۤﻦ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻹﻳﺪ ﺍﻹﻣﲔ ﻭﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ، ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BEREQÉT :
ﻧﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺷﻴﺨﻲ! ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻳﺴﺮِﻱ )ﻭﺭﻓﻊ ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BERECHET :
ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ( ﻣﺎﲜﻮﺯ ﺃﻛﺘﺐ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻣﺴﻚ ))ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺣَﻠّۤﺖ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮَﻛۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺣﻠّﻴﺖ
ﺍﳋﲑﺍﺕ(( ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ؟ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮَﻛۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺣﻠّﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﺑﺮﺍﻙ ،ﺑﻌﻄﻴﻚ ﺣﻘّﻚ ﻭﺣﺒّﺔ ﺑَﺮَﻛﺔ،
-ﻫَﻲْ )ﻟﻠﻌﻘﺐ( ﻓﻬﻤﺖ ؟. ﻓﻼﻥ ﺯﳌﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﱪﻛﺔ )ﺃﻱ :ﳎﺬﻭﺏ( ،ﻃﻴّﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ.
ﻭﻓﺴّﺮ ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﴿ :ﺃﺣﻞّ ﻟﻜﻢ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺣﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺮَﻓَﺚ ﺇﱃ ﻧﺴﺎﺋﻜﻢ﴾ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺩﻋﻤﺎً ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻉ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﺒﻀﻪ ﲦﻦ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ:
ﻟﻠﺸﺮﺡ :ﻳﺎ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﻥ! ﺍﻟﺮَﻓَﺚ ﻳﻌﲏ ﻫﻴﻚ )ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﻘﻠﺪ ﺑﺮﻛﺖ ﻭٔﺭﺳۤﻦ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺑﻴﻚ ﺑﺮﻛﺎﺕ
ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ(. )ﺗﻠﻔﻆ :ﺑﲔ ﺑﺮﻛﺎﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﻟﻒ ﺑﺮﻛﺔ(،
ﻭﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻔﻪ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ. ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺑﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﻞ) .ﰲ ﺗﻼﻭﺓ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﮔﻴﻞ :ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﺎﻋﻲ، ))ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺎﺕ(( ...:ﻭﺑﺎﺭِﻙْ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻭﺁﻝ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻛﻤﺎ
ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً. ﺑﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ.(...
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ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ: ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳌﺎﺱ.
ﻣﺎﺍﳊﻠﻮ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺮﺯّ ﰲ ﻣﻐﻠﻲ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺐ ﺑَﺮْﳍﲔ ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻣﻦ
ﻣـﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻛـﺮ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺒـﺮﻣﺎﺀ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮْ ﺍۤﳍٓﲔ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻵﳍﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﺑﺮﻣﺎﺀ ﻋﺴﺎﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﺻﻠﻦّ ﻓﺘﺎﻫﺎ. ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٤
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﺣﻴّﺖ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺃﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺸﺪّﻫﺎ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ) .ﺣﻠﺐ .(٧٤
ﺑﺮﻣـﺎﺀ ﻫِﻤﺖُ ﺑﻠﻔّﻬﺎ ﻭﲟﺪّﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒۤﺮْﻟِﻲ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﲑﱄ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﺑﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﻣﺎ ﺣﻠﻮﻯ ﻋﻈﻤﻰ.
ﻭﳌﺎ ﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ ﺭﺛﺎﻩ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑٔـﺮٔﻡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮَﻡ ﺍﳊﺒﻞ :ﻓﺘﻠﻪ.
ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﻮﺻﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻮﺗﻪ: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻡ ﻟﻠﺪﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ.
ﻭﺁﺗﻮﱐ ﺑﱪﻣﺎ ﻭﺍﺑﺮﻣﻮﱐ. ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﱪﻡ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﺮَﻡ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻟﱪْﻣﺎﺋﻲ] :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﱄ ﻣﺎﻟﺼﺒﺢ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒٓﺮﻡ
ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪ ﻭﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ، ﻋﻠﻴﻚ.
ﻛﺎﻟﺘﻤﺴﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻔﺪﻉ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﺗْﻔﻮﺕ ﺩَﻙ ﺗٕﻄﻠﻊ
ﺑﺮﻡ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻛﺎﳊﻠﻢ ﻳﻔﺮﻡ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒّﺔ(.
ﺑَﺮْﻣَﺠَﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ{ :ﺣٕﻼّ ﺑﺮﻣﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮﻣَﺠﺎٓ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺐ ﺍﳌﺎﺵ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺷﺪّﺩﺕ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﱪﻡ ﺍﳊﺒﻞ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﻓﺨﻔﻒ( ،ﻟﻔّﺎ
ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ) .ﺣﻠﺐ .(٨٦ ﺑﺮﻣﺔ )ﻧﻘﻴﺾ ﺣﻼّ ﺑﺮﻣﺔ(.
ﺑَﺮْﻣَﺪﺍ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ.
ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮْﻣَﺪٓﺍ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﻲ – ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﺮّﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ.
ﻧﺮﻯ ﳓﻦ – ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺒﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ))ﺳﺮﻣﺪﺍ(( ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺻﺮﻣﺪﺍ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﺷﻖ ﺍﳍﺎﺭﺏ ﻭﺛﻘﺐ ﻭﻓﻠﻖ ﻭﺻﺪﻉ. ] ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﱪّۤﻡ ﺷﻮﺍﺭﺑﻮ.
ﻭﳌﻌﺘﺮﺽ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻣﺪﺍ ﺃﻛﺮﺍﺩ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺷﺮﺑﻨﺎ ﻣﺪﻗّﺔ ﻋﺮﻕ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺯﺓ
ﮔﻮﭼﺮ ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻛﺮﺍﺩ ﺭﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﲑﺓ ﺷﻴﺨﺎﻥ ،ﻳﻌﺘﻨﻮﻥ ﺗﱪﱘ ﺷﻮﺍﺭﺏ) .ﺃﻱ ﻻ ﻣﺎﺯﺓ(.
ﺑﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ،ﻓﻠﻢَ ﻻ ﲡﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ.
ﻟﻨُﺠﺮِﻫﺎ :ﺑﺮﻣﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﺪﻟﻮﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﻻ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﻣﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻮﺭﻣﺎ :ﺣﻠﻮﻯ ﻋﺠﻴﻨﻴﺔ
ﺗﺘﺮﻙ ،ﻭﻳﺰﻋﻢ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ﺃﻥ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺑﺮﻣﺪﺍ ﺑﻌﻮﺿﺎً ﺫﺍﺕ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺣﻠﺰﻭﱐ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ ))ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ((
ﻻﺳﻌﺎً ﳚﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ﺮﺏ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺮﻣﺪﺍ ﺃﻱ :ﻻ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﲰﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺑﻮﺭﻣﺎ ﺃﺧﺬﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ،
ﺗﺪﻋﻬﺎ ﺮﺏ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻻ ﻧﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﺔ ﺑﻞ ﻫﻲ ﻭﰲ ﲪﺺ ﻭﲪﺎﺓ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻠّۤﻖ – .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – .ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ،ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﱐ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﱪﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﱪﻭﻣﺔ.
ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻫﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺩ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً،
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﺭﻗﺒۤﺔ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﲔ ﺃﺳﻮﺓ ﺑﻜﻞ
ﺍﻟﱪﻣﻴﻞ. ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﺮﻣﺪﺍ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ،ﺃﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﻓﻨﺠﻬﻠﻪ.
ﺇﳒﻴﻞ ﺑَﺮْﻧﺎﺑﺎ :ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺗﺜﺒﺖ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺰﻳﻒ، ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﺑَﺮْﻣَﺪﺍ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ
ﺯﻳﻔﻪ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﭘﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ١٥ﻡ. ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻴﺎً ﻣﻬﻴﺒﺎً ﻛﺮﳝﺎً ﻭﻃﻨﻴﺎً ،ﰒ
ﻋﲔ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﺎً ﶈﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎﺕ.
ﺑٕﺮْﻧﺎﺹ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺳﺎﻭَﻯ ﻟﻮ ﺭٔﺍﺱ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮْﻣَﻜﻴّۤﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺑﺮْﻣﻜﻴّۤﺔ،
ﻭﺑﺮﻧﺎﺹ ،ﻧﻈﻨﻬﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﱪﻧٓﺺ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﻜَﺮَﻡ :ﺷﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻣﻜﺔ.
ﺑَﺮْﻧﺎﺹ]:ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ﰲ ﺟﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻮﺭ،
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮْﻧٓﺼٓﺎ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﻖ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺍﻟﺒۤﺮْﻣﻪ ﻟِﻲ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٤
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﺹ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﻣِﻴﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :BARILE :ﻭﻋﺎﺀ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺋﻌﺎﺕ
ﺍﳌﺨﺎﺻﻢ) .ﺣﻠﺐ .(٨٥ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ،ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺍﱐ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻏﺎﻳﺘﻴﻪ ﺍﺣﺪﻳﺪﺍﺏ،
ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮﻧﺎﻣۤﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮﻧٔﺎﻣٔﻪ :ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﺮﺍﻣﻴﻞ.
ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ :ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺎﺭ(( :ﺍﳊِﻤﻞ ﻭ ))ﻧﺎﻣٔﻪ(( :ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ، ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ،BARIL :ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﱠﻯ :ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﱳّ ﻟﻴﺠﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﲟﻘﺘﻀﺎﻩ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﮕﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.BARREL :
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﻧﺎﻣَﺞ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻣﺞ ﻭﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( ﺑﺬﻛﺮﻩ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﺍﻟﺒِﺮﻣﻴﻞ –
ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺍﳎﺔ )ﻭﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﲨﻌﻪ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﱳ(((. ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺴﺮ – :ﻭﻋﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺸﺐ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻟﻠﺨﻤﺮ ،ﲨﻌﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭﺱ ،ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﻴﻞ.
ﺍﳊﻔﻠﺔ ،ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ. ﻭﺃﻗﺮّﻩ ﳎﻤﻊ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﲟﺼﺮ.
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻪ :ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﻮﺩ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪَﻥّ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﻗﻮﺩ.
ﺑَﺮْﻧﺎﻥ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺮّﺓ ،ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻛﻢ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﻭﺭﻧﺎ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺎً ﺇﺫ ﺃﻗﺪﻣﺖ
ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮﻧﻮﻥ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﻧﻮﻥ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻭﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺒﻊ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﺳﻔﻨﺎ
ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٤ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍً ﺃﻥ ﱂ ﻳُﺮﺍﻉَ ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺪ ﻟﻐﻮﻱ
ﺍﻟﺒْﺮٕﻧْﺠٓﻚ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻮﳒﻮﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻮﳒﻖ. ﻋﻠﻴﻢ ،ﻭﺇﻧﻚ ﻟﺘﺮﻯ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﺘﻨﺎ ﲢﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺗﺜﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﻣﻴﻞ ،ﺍﳊﻖّ ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻃﺒﻊ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺷﻲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻢ
ﺍﻟﺒْﺮٕﳒﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑِﺮﳒِﻲ :ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻛﺤﻮﺍﺷﻲ ))ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺎﺭﺍﺕ(( ﻟﻜﻮﺭﻛﻴﺲ ﻋﻮّﺍﺩ،
ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺎﺯ. ﻭﻛﺤﻮﺍﺷﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﻣﺰﻱ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﰲ ))ﺇﺣﻴﺎﺀ
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﱪٕﳒۤﻴّﺔ. ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﺮﺓ(( ،ﻭﻗﺒﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻨﺎ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺯﻛﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺪﺍ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻔﻴۤﺮﻧﺪﺍ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺣﻮﺍﺷﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ))ﺍﻷﺻﻨﺎﻡ(( ﻭﻏﲑﻩ.
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ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼﺮ ))ﺍﻟﻨَﺸﲑ(( ﻟﱪﻧﺺ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ. ﺍﻟﺒْﺮٕﻧﺰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺵ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺭﺍﺱ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺰ ﺣﱴ
ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﰲ ))ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳـﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻐـﺪﺍﺩﻱ(( ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻤﺪﺣﻮ ﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﺩ.
ﺹ ١٤۰ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺳﺒﺎﺑﻪ :ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺲ ﺍﳉﺎﺛﻠﻴﻖ. ﻭﻫﻮ ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﻭﺭﺩ ﰲ ))ﻗﺼـﺔ ﺍﳌﻠـﻚ ﺍﻟﻈـﺎﻫﺮ
ﺑﻴﱪﺱ((.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﻧﻮﻃﻲ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑُﻮﺭﻭﻥ ﺃﻭٓﰐ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ: ﻭﺍﻟﺒْﺮٕﻧﺰ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒْﺮٕﻧﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔPRINCE :
ﺣﺸﻴﺸﺔ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً)) :ﺃﻧﻔﻴّـﺔ((، ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ PRINCEPS :ﻭﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ :ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ ،ﻭﻣﻦ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺑﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ. ﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻠﻮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻧﻮﻃﻲ ﻣﺴﺤﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺒـﻎ ﳝـﺰﺝ ﺑـﺎﳌﻠﺢ ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﭙﺮﻧﺲ ﺭﺋـﻴﺲ ﺍﳌﺸـﻴﺨﺔ
ﻭﲟﺴﺤﻮﻕ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩ ﻭﻣﺴـﺤﻮﻕ ﻧﺸـﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﻌـﺾ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﰒ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻘﺒﺎً ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﰒ
ﺍﻷﺧﺸﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺮﺓ ،ﻳﺸﻢ ﺑﻘﻮﺓ ﻓﻴﺤﺪﺙ ﻧﺸـﻮﺓ ﳌـﻦ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻮّﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﺎﻡ ،ﻭ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻟﻘﺐ ﻭﱄ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ
ﺍﻋﺘﺎﺩﻩ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺿﺎﺭ. ﺑﺈﻧﮕﻠﺘﺮﺍ.
ﻭﺷﺎﻉ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ﺳﻨﺔ ١۰٥۰ﻫ. ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺲ.PRINCESSE :
ﻭﻋﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻭﲰﻮﻩ :ﺍﻟﻨَﺸﻮﻕ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺴُـﻌﻮﻁ، ﺍﻟﺒْﺮٔﻧْﺲ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌُﻄﻮﺱ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻧٓﺲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻧٓﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ VIRROS :ﺃﻭ
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺎﺭﺳﻴﻠﻴﺎ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ :BIRROSﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﻟﻪ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﻠﺘﺼﻘﺔ
ﻛﺒﲑﺓ. ﺑﻪ ،ﻳُﻠﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ.
ﻭﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﻮﻃﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ،ﻛـﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻭﻳُﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺷﻒ ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ،
ﻳﺼﻨﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﻭﻳﺒﻴﻌﻮﻧﻪ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺴـﻮﺍ ﳐﺘﺮﻋﻴـﻪ ﻭﻧﺴﻴﺠﻪ ﻧﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺷﻒ ﺣﱴ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺘﻪ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺰﻋﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ. ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ ﲪﺎﺓ ﺑﺼﻨﻊ ﺑﺮﻧﺲ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﻭﺍﳌﻮﻟﻌﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻨﺸﺎﻗﻪ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻠﺒﺔ ﲨﻴﻠﺔ، BIRRUS ﻭ BIRRHUS ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻧﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴـﺔ:
ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ. ﻭ.BYRRHUS
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ١٤ﺹ.٢٧٦ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻮﺭﻧُﺲ ﻭﺑﻮﺭﻧـﻮﺯ ﻋـﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮْﻧﻴﺶ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻧﻴﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﮕﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ:VARNISH : ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻃﻼﺀ ﻳﻠﻤّﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻪ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﳒّـﺎﺭ ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺲ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺬﺧﺎﺋﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻒ((.
ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻳﻊ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ:
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺀ. .BURNOUS
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ:
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻧۤﻴﻄﺔ :ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﻧﺞ ﻭﻣﻦ ﳚـﺎﺭﻳﻬﻢ ،ﺫﻭ ALBORNOSﺃﻭ .ALBORNOZ
ﺣﻮﺍﻑ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ BERRETTA :ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴـﺔ: ﻭﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺲ ﻗﻠﻨﺴﻮﺓ ﻃﻮﻳﻠـﺔ ﻳﻠﺒﺴـﻬﺎ
.BONETUM ﺍﻟﻨﺴّﺎﻙ ﰲ ﺻﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻧﻴﻂ. ﻭﺃﻗﺮّ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺲ ﻟﻠﺬﻱ
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﻴﻄﺔ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻓـﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺸـﺪﻳﺎﻕ، ﻟﻪ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﻪ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻪ ﻓﺴـﻤﺎﻩ:
ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ. ﺍﻟﺪﺛﺎﺭ.
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ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻌـﲎ ﻭﻭُﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ))ﺍﻟﻘُﺒﱠﻌﺔ(( ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ.
ﺍﳌﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﲑﺓ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﻭُﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﻃُﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺒُﺮﻃُﻠّـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜُﻤّـﺔ
ﻭﺍﻷُﺭﺻﻮﺻﺔ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺃﳘﻠﺖ.
ﺑٔﺮْﻫﻮٓ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ،ﻭﺳﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻢ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑٔﺮﻭٓ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﺃﻥ ﲣﻠﻊ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺭ.
ﰒ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺩﺍﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﻗﻠﻴﻼً ﲢﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻣـﺎً،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﳋﻮﺫﺓ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﺇﺷـﻌﺎﺭﺍً ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺣـﺮﺏ
ﻳﺎﺑﻮ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﻠۤﻪ! ﺑٔﺮﻫﻮٓ ﻳﺎ ﺑٔﺮﻫﻮٓ! ﺑﻴﻨﻨﺎ.
ﻋﺬّﺑﺖ ﻗﻠﱯ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﻫﻮ! ﺑﺎﻳﺪَﻙ ﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻟﻴﻪ؟
]ﻭﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ ﻭﻳﻔﺴﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﻓﻊ
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻏﻨﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻠﺖ ﰲ ﻋﻬـﺪ ﺑﺮﻫـﻮ ﺑﺎﺷـﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﻴﻄﺔ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ :ﺑﺮﻧﻴﻄﱵ ﺑﺘﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻧﻴّۤﺔ ﺧٕﺪﺍ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﻏﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺃﻭﺍﺧـﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻬـﺪ ﻳﺎﺧﻴّﻮ! ﻭﺍﻗﻀﻲ ﺷﻐﻠﺘﻚ ﻓﻴّﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ.
ﻭﳚﻴﺒﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻓﻌﻬـﺎ ﺑﻘﻮﻟـﻪ:
ﺑٔﺮّﻭ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﰲ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ. ﺷﻜﺮﺍً ﺷﻮﻑ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻚ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻠﻚ ،ﲞﻄﻔﺎ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻭٔﺍﺯ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺑٕﺮْﻭﺍﻅ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮْﻭﺍﺯ ،ﻋـﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﻲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻗﺘﻀﻰ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﻭﺑﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺷﻐﻠﱵ ﻓﻴّﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺑﺮْﻭﺯ :ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ ،ﺍﻟﻜِﻔﺎﻑ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٤٣ﺹ ٥٦٥ﻭ ﺱ ٦٨ﺹ ٥٩١ﻭ ﺱ ٦٩ﺹ.١٤۰
ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻊ(( ﺑﻜﺴـﺮ ﺍﻟﺒـﺎﺀ
ﻭﻓﺘﺤﻬﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮﻫﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﻫﺎﻥ :ﺍﳊُﺠّﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺒَﻴّﻨﺔ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﺮﺍﻭﻳﺰ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻭﻳﻆ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑٔﺮﻭﺯ ﺃﻭ ﺑٔﺮﻭﻅ. ﻭﲰّﻮﺍ ﺎ ﺫﻛﻮﺭﻫﻢ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﲰﻮﺍ ﺑﱪﻫﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ١ﺹ.٢٤٣ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻫﲔ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻗـﺪ ﻭﺭﺩ ﰲ
ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪﻳﻦ :ﻓَﺮْﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ :ﻣﺜﺎﻝ :ﺩَﻫْﻮَﺭ ،ﻭﺛـﻮﺏ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘَﺠٕﺮْﺑۤﺔ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻥ.
ﻣُﻔَﺮْﻭَﺯ ،ﻭﻓﺴّﺮﻩ ﰲ ))ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ(( ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻟﻪ
ﺗﻄﺎﺭﻳﻒ ،ﻭﱂ ﺗﺮﺩ ))ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺎﺭﻳﻒ(( ﰲ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺑٔﺮﻫٔﻢ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﲪﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﻫﻢ ﺃﻛﱪ ﲪﺎﻡ ،ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺧﻀﺎﺏ ﺃﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻷﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻗـﻮﳍﻢ :ﻃﺮّﻓـﺖ ﺮﺍﻡ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺑَﻨﺎﻧَﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﺎ ﰲ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ))ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﺀ(( ﺑٔﺮْﻫﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮْﻫَﻦَ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ
ﻣﺎﻳُﺠﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺃﺫﻳﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﳌﻠﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﻫﺎﻥ.
ﻟﻠﺰﻳﻨﺔ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻻ ﻧﺰﺍﻝ ﻧﺮﺍﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﻢ ﻛـﺎﻧﻮﺍ
ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻭﺍﺯ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ١٩ﺹ.١١٥
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﻭﺍﺯ ﳌﺎ ﳛﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮْﻫﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺮﻫﺔ :ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ
١٠٢
ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﻭٓﭬﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :PROVA :ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻌﺪّ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﻩ ﻓﺎﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺃﻢ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﻧـﻪ،
ﻟﻠﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ،ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ. ﻭﻻ ﺑﺄﺱ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻜِﻔﺎﻑ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ
ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﻃﺎﻑ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻏﻀـﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﺫﻥ
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ :ﺍﻟﻨﻤـﻮﺫﺝ ﻛِﻔﺎﻓﺎً ،ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺍﶈﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﻈﻔﺮ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺒﻖ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑٔﺮْﻭٔﻇﻮﻩ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﲨّﺪﻭﻩ :ﺑﺄﻥ ﻛﻔّﻮﺍ ﻳﺪﻩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ(.
ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﻭٓﭬۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BREVETﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ ،ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮٔﻭٔﺍﻧۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘٔﺮﻭٔﺍٔﻧَـﻪ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ:
ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩﻳﺔ. ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ ﺍﳌﺮﻭﺣﺔ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ
ﺭﲰﻬﺎ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( :ﺍﻟﱪﻳﻔِﻪ. ﻣﺎ ﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻬﺎ.
١٠٣
ﺩَﻡ((
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﻳﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ)) :ﺑَﺮِﻳـﺪَﻩ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻧٕﻴّﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺘﻬﻮﻡ ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺮِﻱ )ﺃﻭ
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺑﻂ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻧﺐ، ﻫﻨﻴﺎﻝ(...
ﻭﺩﺍﺑّﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻫﻜﺬﺍ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﻖ((.
ﲰﻲ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻐﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻐﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﲔ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً، ﺑٕﺮِﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮِﺉ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺾ :ﻧﻘـﻪ ،ﻭﺗﺴـﻬﻞ
ﰒ ﲰﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻠﺔ ،ﰒ ﲰﻴﺖ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ.
ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﻳﺪ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﺮﺍۤ :ﺑَﺮِﺉ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﱯ :ﻭﺇﱐ ﺃﺭﺟﺢ ﻛﻮﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﻃﺒﺎﺅﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺍﻣﻰ :ﻫﺰّ ﺍﳊﺎﺻﻞ ﻭﺍﻗﻄﺎﻉ
ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺮْﺩﻭٓ ﻧﺎٓ :ﺑﺮﺫﻭﻥ .ﻭﻗﻴـﻞ :ﺍﻟﱪﻳـﺪ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺻۤﻞ ﺑﺘﱪﺍ ﺍﳌﻔﺎﺻۤﻞ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺣﺮّﻙ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﺓ ﺑﺎﳌﺴﻬﻞ
ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ VEREDUS :ﻣـﻦ :VEHEREDOﺍﳋﻴـﻞ ﺃﻭ ﰒ ﺍﺣﺘﻢِ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺄﻛﻞ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺗُﺸﻒَ(.
ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻤﻞ ﺭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﳌﻠﻮﻙ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﻭﻫـﻮ
ﻣﺮﺩﻭﺩ ﲟﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ))ﺳﻔﺮ ﺃﺳﺘﲑ((. ﺍﻟﺒٔﺮﱢﻱ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّ.
ﻭﻳﻨﺴﺐ ﺇﱃ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ:
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪ. –ً ١ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ :ﺧـﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺴـﺘﺎﱐ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑِﻴﻠﺪْﺭﺍٓ ﻭﺑُـﻮﺭﺩْﺭﺍٓ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻲ.
ﻭﺑْﺮﻳﺪٓﺭﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﻛﻠـﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺗﺴـﻤﻰ –ً ٢ﺍﻟﱪّﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻴـﻮﺍﻥ :ﺧـﻼﻑ ﺍﻟـﺪﺍﺟﻦ
ﺧﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ :ﺑـﺎﺭﻭﺩﺍٓ ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻮﺭ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﻭﻱ.
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺢ. –ً ٣ﺍﻟﱪّﻱ :ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻱ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺴﻮﻕ
ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻭﺍﳊﻮﺍﻻﺕ. ﺍﻟﱪْﻳٔﺎﻧﺘﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BRILLANTINE :ﻃـﻼﺀ
ﻭﺍﲢﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﱄ :ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺃﻧﺸﺄﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﻫـﺪﺓ ﻳﻠﻤّﻊ ﺍﻟﺸَﻌﺮ.
))ﺑﺮﻥ(( ﺳﻨﺔ ١٨٧٥ﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﺑـﲔ
ﺑْﺮﻳۤﺞ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﴰﺎﻝ ﺷﺮﻗﻲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ.
ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺧﻮﺭ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﻨﺤﺘﻮﻥ ﺍﳊﺠـﺮ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﺭﻱ
ﻭﺍﻻﲢﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺃﻧﺸﺄﺗﻪ ﺩﻭﻝ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌـﺔ
ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﻱ ﺑﺮﻳﺞ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺳﻨﺔ .١٩٥٣
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ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻡ ﺍﳊﺒﻞَ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺫﺍ ﻃﺎﻗﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ))ﺍﻟﺴـﻠﻴﻖ(( ،ﻭﻗـﺪ
ﻭﻓﺘﻠﻪ ،ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﱪﱘ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺬ ﻣـﻦ ﻳﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﻳﺮ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﻟﻠﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻏﲑﻩ ﻓﻴﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ))ﺍﻟﻌﮕﺎﻝ((. ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒُﺮّ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﲟﻌﲎ ))ﻣﻊ(( ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ))ﺭﻳﺮ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌُﺦ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻴـﻖ
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑٕﺮﻣﺎﻥ. ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺋﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﺰﺍﻝ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺑﲑ(( )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻓﺮﻳﻚ
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺷﺪ ﺍﺑﺰﳝَﻚ )ﻫﻴﻚ ﻭﻫﻴﻚ( ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺒﻞ ﻳﻐﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﳊﻠﻴﺐ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﺪﻳﺮﺓ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ:
ﺑْﺮﳝَﻚ. ))ﺭﮊ(( ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﺩﺍﻡ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﱘ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﱪﱘ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﺷﺘﻘﺎﻗﺎً ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﻳۤﺮ :ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺗﻨﺪﺭﻫﻢ ﻭﻋﺪّﻫﻢ :ﺑٕﺮْﺑﺮﻳۤـﺮ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﺮﺝ ﻳﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻛﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﺍﻝ ﻭﺻﺪﺭ ﺑﻌـﺾ ﻋﻨﺘﺮ ﻋﺒﺲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺮ.
ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﻳﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺑﻴﺪ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺻﺎﻧﻊ ﺍﻟﱪﱘ ﻫﺬﺍ :ﺍﳌْﺤﺒّۤﻚ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﻳﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PRISE :ﺍﳌﺄﺧﺬ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﳌﺄﺧـﺬ
ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻘّﺎﺩ. ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ.
ﺑْﺮﻳﺶ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﳝﻮٓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :PRIMO :ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ،ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟـﺔ ﺑَﺮْ ﺭﻳﺶ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠـﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ،ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺎﺯ. ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٤
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻛْﻞ ﺑﺮﳝﻮ ،ﻭﻃﺒّﺎﺥ ﺑﺮﳝـﻮ،
ﻭﺑﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺮﳝﻮ ،ﻭﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺑﺮﳝﻮ ...ﻭﻗﻄـﻊ ﺑﻴﻠﻴـﺖ ﰲ ﺑَﺮِﻳﺸٔﺎﻥ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻮ ﺑﺮﻳﺸـﺎﻥ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺧﺮﺓ ﺑﺮﳝﻮ. ﺳﻴﺌﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ)) :ﭘَﺮﻳﺸﺎﻥ(( ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺊ،
ﺍﳊﺰﻳﻦ ،ﺍﳌﻜﺮﻭﺏ ،ﺍﳊﲑﺍﻥ ،ﺍﳌﻐﻤـﻮﻡ ،ﺍﳌﻀـﻄﺮﺏ،
ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﻳّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﻳّﺔ :ﺍﳋﻠﻖ .ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ. ﺍﳌﻀﻤﺤﻞّ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺍﻳﺎ. ﺑَﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﻲ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻝ[ :ﻧٕﺤﻨَﺎ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺗﻨﺤﻨﺤﻨـﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﳉﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ
ﻛٕﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻳﺎ ﻏَﻨَﻢ ﻭﺩْﻳﺎﺎ ﳓﻨﺎ. ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ ،ﻭﺑﻌـﺪ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻐـﺰﻭ
ﻣﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺗﻴﺐ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً: ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺗﺘﻜـﻮﻥ ﻣـﻦ ﺇﻧﻜﻠﺘـﺮﺍ ﻭﻭﻳﻠـﺰ
ﺻﻠّﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﲪﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺎﺿﺮﻳﻨﺎ ﺯﻳۤﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﺇﺳﻜﺘﻠﻨﺪﺍ ،ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑـﺎ،BRETAGNE :
ﺍﻟﱪّﻳّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّﻳّﺔ :ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﺀ. ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺭِﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﱪّﻳّﺎﺕ. ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﱵ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ،BRYDAIN :ﻭﻳﺴـﻤﻮﻥ ﺷـﻌﺒﻬﺎ
ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺇﻧﮕﻠﺘـﺮﺍ ﺃﻭ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣٕﻨّﺎ ﻧﺴﻬﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﻳّﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﺇﻧﮕﻠﺘﺮﻩ.
ﺳـﺎﺣﺔ ﺑــﺎﺏ ﺍﻟــﻔﺮﺝ ﺣــﻴﺚ ﺍﳌﻼﻫـﻲ ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﻳﻖ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻳﻖ.
ﻭﺍﳋﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﳌـﺮﺍﻗﺺ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﻳﻖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﻳﻖ :ﺍﻟﻠَﻤَﻌﺎﻥ.
ﻛـﻞ ﻣﺴﺎ ﻳـﻠﺒﺴﻮﻥ ﺃﲨـﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻋـﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻨﺎﺑﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﱘ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺮِﱘ :ﻓَﻌﻴﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ
١٠٥
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ ﻭﺑﺰّ ﺍﻷﺭﮔﻴﻠۤﺔ) .ﻭﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻣـﺰﻙ: ﻭﻛﺒﺎﺑﻴﺪ ﻭﺷﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﺻﺮﻣﺎﻳﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻳﱪﻣﻮﻥ ﺷـﻮﺍﺭﻢ،
ﺑﺰ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻜﺎﺭﺓ(. ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﳍﻢ ﺧﺎﻝ ﻓﺘﻠﻮﻩ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺴﻮﺍ ﻳﺘﺴﻠﺤﻮﺍ ﲞﻨﺠـﺮ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺰﺑﺰ. ﲟﻮﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺸﱪﻳﺔ ،ﻭ ﻭﻳﻦ؟ ﻋﺎﻟﱪﻳّﺔ ،ﻣﻨﺎ ﻧﺴﻤﻊ ﻟﺴـﺮﻳﻨﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺼﺮﺍﻃﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺰّﻭ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻭﻣﻨّﺎ ﻧﺴﻜﺮ ﻭﻣﻨّﺎ ﻧﺮﻭ ﻋﺎﻟﺴﻴﻤﻨﺎ )ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ(
ﺃﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻴﺐ ﻋﺒّﻪ ﺟﺎﻫﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﺩﻳﺔ(. ﻭﻣﻨّﺎ ﻭﻣﻨّﺎ...
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺒﺔ :ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﺑﺰﺍﺯ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺃﻣﻬﺎﻢ[: ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻭﺟّﻪ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝ ﳍﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺁﻝ ﺍﳉﺎﺑﺮﻱ،
ﺃﻧﺎ ﺟﺒﺘﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﱯ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬﻴﺘﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑّﻲ ﻷﻥ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﻧﻴﺖ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﳍﻢ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻌﻴـﺔ ﻭﻣـﺎ
ﺃٕﻟَﻚ ﻛﺮﻣﲔ ﻭﺗﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍٕﻟَﻚ ﻧٕﺼّﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨۤﺔ ﺟﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎ ،ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺭﺑﺢ ﳍﻢ ،ﺻـﺎﺭ ﺫﻟـﻚ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺃﻥ
ﻭﺍﻟﻚ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﺎﺝ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻚ ﺩﻛﺎﻛﲔ ﺑﺒﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﻓﺘﺤﺖ ﺟﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳋﻨﺪﻕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﳉﻠﻮﻡ ﺣﺼّﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﺰّ ﻣﺼّﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﻋﺖ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇٕﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﺮﺩّ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﱪّﻳّۤﺔ :ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﻭۤﻱ.
ﺩﻋﻮﺗﺎ ﺑﺰﺍﺯﺍ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺻﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻴّﺔ ﻭﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﱪّﻳّﺔ ،ﻧـﺎﻡ
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻇﻼﻢ[ :ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘـﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﱪّﻳّۤﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻨﺎﻡ ﺟﻨﺐ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻣٕﻬْﻮﻳّۤﺔ.
ﻣﺮﺍﺭﺍً ﻭﺑﺴﺮﻋﻮ :ﺳﺒﻊ ﻛْﻴﺎﺱ ﻭﺳﺒﻊ ﺑﺰﺍﺯ ﻭﻛﻞ ﻛـﻴﺲ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﻂ ﴰﻌﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﱪّﻳّﺔ.
ﺑْﺒٕﺰّ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺑٕﺰّ ﺑﻜﻴﺲ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ١١٦ﺹ :١٢٥ﺛﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ. ﺑَﺮّﻳّﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﺦ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ ﺑﲔ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺑﺎﺏ
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ :ﺱ ٣ﺹ :١٥٥ﺗﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻷﺛﺪﺍﺀ. ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ ،ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺯﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﺳﻮﻗﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺷـﻲ،
ﻭﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺝ ٢ﺹ.٩٥ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﺦ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻧُﻤﻴۤـﺮ ،ﻭﱂ
ﺗﻜﻦ ﺣﻴﺎً.
ﺍﻟﺒﺰّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﲔ :ﻛﻞ ﺣﺠﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺠﺎﺭ
ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻷﳝﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻳﺮﺍﻋﻰ ﰲ ﳓﺘﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒْﺮﻳّﻮٓﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BRIOCHE :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣـﻦ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﻬﻞ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺇﻏﻼﻗﻪ، ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻯ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﲔ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺑﺪﺓ.
ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ :ﺍﻟﻌَﺮَﻗﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺯﺓ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﺰّ :ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ(( :ﻫﺬﺍ ﺑَﺰِﻳّﻲ :ﺭﺿﻴﻌﻲ.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﺴﺘﺪﺭﻙ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( :ﺍﻟﺒِﺰّ – ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺴﺮ :ﺛﺪﻱ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺰّﺍﺯۤﺓ :ﻭﺿﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ:SOUTIEN : ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻛﺬﺍ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺃﺩﺭﻱ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺫﻟﻚ.
ﺣﺰﺍﻡ ﳛﻀﻦ ﺛﺪﻳﻲ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﻟﻴﻨﻬﺪﺍ. ﻭﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴّﺔ :ﺑَـﺰّﺍٓ :ﺿـﺮﻉ
ﺑْﺰﺍﻋﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ: ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺛﺪﻱ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ.
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺯَﻭْﻋﺎٓ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳋﻮﻑ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٤ ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑْﺰﺍﺯ.
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺰﻋﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﺪ، ]ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺎﺯ[ :ﺑﺰّ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺗﺒﻮﻝ ﻭﺑﺰّ
ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺐ ،ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺰﻳﻖ) .ﺣﻠﺐ .(٧٤
١٠٦
ﺑَﺰَﺭ :ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻧﺴﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺬﺭ. ﺍﻟﺒﺰﺍٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺰﺍﻕ ﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺎﻕ :ﻣـﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻔﻢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟُﻔﻆ ،ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻖ.
ﺑَﺰﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺰﻕ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺑﺼﻖ :ﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺎﻕ
ﻣﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓـﻼﻥ ﺑﻘﻀـﻴﺎ ﻋـﺎﻟﺰﻋﺘﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺰﺍﻕ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﺰﻕ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺰّﺍﻕ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺩﻭﻳﺒّﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺧﻮﻳّﺎﺕ ،ﺗﺰﺣـﻒ ﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺣﺪﺍ ﺑﻠﺤﺲ ﺑﺰﻗﺘـﻮ ،ﺣـﺪﺍ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﻟﻴﻼً ﺑﺒﻂﺀ ﻭﺗﺮﺷﺢ ﲟﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﺰﺟﺔ ﺑﺮﺍﻗـﺔ،
ﺑﺒﺰٓﻕ ﺑﺰﻗٔﺔ ﻭﺑﺮﺟﻊ ﺑﻠﺤﺴﺎ ،ﺑﺰﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺣﻠﺰﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّ ﻻ ﺻﺪﻓﺔ ﳍﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻗﻮﻗﻌﺔ،
ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻭَﺩّﻱ ﻫﺎﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ
ﻭﻫَﻲْ ﺑﺰﻗﺔ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ ،ﺑﺪﻙ ﺗﺮﻭ ﻭﲡﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻨﺸﻒ. ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺍﻟﺒﺰّﺍﻗﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻼﻧۤﺔ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺠّﻮﺭﺓ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺰّﺍﻕ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻄﻠﻊ
ﺍﳌﺮّﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺫﺍﻕ ﺑَﺰﻕ. ﺍﻻ ﺑﺂۤﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ،ﻟﺰﻕ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻨّﺎ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺰّﺍﻗﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻘٔـﻰ
ﻳﺮﻭﺡ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺑـﺰﻕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺮ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﲰّﺎﻗﻴّﺔ ﺑﻠﺤﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻕ ﻭﻣﻠﻮﺧﻴّﺔ
ﺑﺘﺘﻨﺎﻛﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻚ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﺑـﺰﻕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﺒۤـﺔ ﺑﺘﻨـﺎﻛﺤﻮﺍ ﺑﻠﺤﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺰّﺍﻕ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺎﻗﻴﺐ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﳌﺮﺿﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺒﺰﻕ ﻋﺎﻟﻌﺘﺒﺔ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﺒﺰﻕ
ﻋﺼﺪﺭﻭ. ﺍﻟﺒْﺰﺍۤﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑۤﻦ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒِﺰﺍﻝ:
ﲝﻜﻮﺍ ﺃﻧﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺳﺒّﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ،ﻭﻳﺎﻣـﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺼﺐّ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ.
ﻧﺼﺤﻮ ﺍﳋﻮﺭﻱ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﱠﻯ ،ﺃﺧﲑﺍً ﺣﻂ ﻟﻠﻮ ﺣﺼـﻮﺓ
ﺑﺘﻤﻮ ،ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻳﺴﺐ ﺑﺘﺬﻛﺮﻭ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﺓ ،ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺑَﺰﺑَﺰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺰّ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ
ﲰﻊ ﺍﳋﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺍﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻨﺎﺩﻱ :ﺃﺑﻮﻧـﺎ ﻧﺘﻮﺀﺍﺕ ﻛﻨﺘﻮﺀ ﺣﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺰّ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭ.
ﺃﺑﻮﻧﺎ ﺗﻌﺎ ﺗﻌﺎ ﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﻗﻮﺍﻡ ،ﲪﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻭﳊﻘﻮ ﺍﻟﺴـﺒّﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒَﺰَﺑﻮٓﺭﻁ :ﺃﻭ ﺑﺰﺑﻮﺭﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺑﻮﺭﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺑﻮﺭﻁ.
ﻭﻃﻠﻌﻮﺍ ﻟﻌﻨﺪﺍ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺴﺎﺑﻮﺭﻁ.
– ﺃﺵ ﺑۤﻚ ﺑﻘﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎ ،ﺃﺵ ﺻﺎﻳﺮ؟
– ﻳﺎ ﺃﺑﻮﻧﺎ! ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﻴﻀﺘﲔ ﻣـﻦ ﻫﺎﳉﻴﺠـﺔ، ﺍﻟﺒَﺰﺑُﻮﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺰﺑﻮﺯ :ﻗﺼﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌـﺪﻥ
ﻭﻫٔﻠٔﻖ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻘﺮﻕ ،ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﺣﻂ ﲢﺘﺎ ﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌـﺮﻑ ﲡﻌﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺽ ﻳﺘﻮﺿّﺄ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸـﺒﻴﻪ
ﺃۤﻳﻨﺎ ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻴﻀﺘﲔ ﺩﻳﻚ ﻭﺃۤﻳﻨﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺟﻴﺠۤـﺔ ،ﺍۤﻱ ﺑﺒﺰﺑﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﲑ.
ﺻﺤﺖ ﻟﻠﻚ ﺣﱴ ﺗﻄﻠّۤﻊ ﰲ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻴﻀﺘﲔ ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﱄ. ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺒﺰْﺑﻮﺯ :ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺒﻮﺭ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺖ ﺍﳋﻮﺭﻱ ﻷﺑﻮ ﺍﳊﺼﻮۤﺓ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺍﺑﺰﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺰﺭ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒٕﺬﺭ.
ﺣﺼﻮﺗﻚ ﺍﺑﺰﻗﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒَﺰﺭ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺧﺼﻮﻡ ﺑَﺰﺭﺍ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪ :ﺑـﺖ ﰲ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣١ﺹ.٤٦١ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺣﺴﻢ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭَﻫﺎ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺑﺖّ ﰲ ﺑﻴﻌﻬﺎ.
١٠٧
ﺑَﺰّﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺰَﻕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺰﻗﺘﻮ ﺑﻜﻔّـﻲ ﻷﻟﺰﻗـﺎ
ﺑﺪﻗﻨﻚ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻳﺴﺮ ﺍﳌﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻲﱠ ﺭﺩﺩﺎ ﻟـﻪ(،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺰّﻗﻮﺍ ﺑﻮﭺ ﺍﳋﺎﻳۤﻦ. ﺑﺰﻗﻮﺍ ﺑﻮﭺ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭﺳﻮﺯ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﻫَﻲْ ﻣﻄﺮﺓ ﲤّﻮﺯ ،ﺍﻟﺰﳊﻔﺔ
ﺑﺰﻗﺖ ﺑﻮﭺ ﺍﻟﺸﻘﺮﻗﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻻ :ﻛٕﻞ ﻣٔﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨـﻬﺮ ﻣـﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒﺰْﻗٔﺔ ﺑﺎﳊﻮﻣۤﺔ :ﻳﻨﻌﺘﻮﻥ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺽ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺆﺑﺆ ﻏﺮّﻗﺘﲏ ،ﺍﺑﺰﻕ ﻟﻮ ﺑﺰﻗﺔ ﺑﺴﺒَﺢ ﻓﻴّﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻌﲔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﳛﺐ ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﺟﻮﺯﺍ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺰَﻟﻴﺎ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺰۤﺓ. ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗﺒﺰﻕ ﻟﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﻨّـﺎ ،ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺍﻧﻄﺮﻗﻮﺍ ﺭﺍﺳﲔ ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻦ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻳﺒﺰٓﻕ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ
ﺑٔﺰْﻣٔﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺑٔﺰﻣﻪ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺑٔﻈﻤﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺑٔﻈﻤٔـﻪ :ﻣـﻦ ﲤﺎ ﲡﻴﺐ ﺃﻣّﻮ ﻋﺒﺪۤﺓ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺑَﺰْﻣَﻚ :ﺍﻟﻴﺄﺱ ،ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺅﻡ ،ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻴّﺮ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻜّﻴﻨۤﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛۤﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇٕﻥ ﺑﺰﻗﻨﺎ ﻟﺘﺤﺖ ﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﻋـﺪﻗﻨﺎ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻠﺖ ﺳﻨﲔ ﻃﻠﻌﻨﺎ ﺑٔﺰْﻣﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺩﻭﻥ ﺭﺑﺢ ﻭﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﻗﻨﺎ ﻟﻔﻮﻕ ﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺭﺑﻨﺎ )ﻭﺳﺎﺩ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜـﻞ
ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺓ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻟﺒﻨـﺎﻥ ﻭﻣﺼـﺮ
ﺍﻟﺒْﺰﻭﺭﺍﺕ :ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﺑﺼﻴﻐﺔ ﲨﻊ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ( .ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺃﺑﺸـﻊ ﻣـﻦ ﻃﺒﻴـﺐ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺰﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺜـﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳋﻴـﺎﺭ، ﺍﻷﺳﻨﺎۤﻥ :ﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﺩﺍۤﺧﻞ ﺑﺘﺒﺰﻕ ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﻃﺎﻟﻊ ﺑﺘﺒﺰﻕ.
ﳛﻤّﺺ ﻓﻴﺪﻕ ﻭﻳﻨﺨﻞ ﻓﻴﺴﺘﺤﻠﺐ ،ﰒ ﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺷﻲﺀ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ،ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺼﻨﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺯﻭٓﻕ ﺑﺰﻭٓﻕ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻳﺼﻨﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﳌﺮﻃّﺐ ﺍﻤّﺪ. ﺫﻭﻕ ﻳﺒﺼﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ(.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺰَﻭٔﻧْﻚ] :ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔَ :ﭘﺰَﻭَﻧﻚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺰٓﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺯﻭﻕ :ﺁﻟﺔ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑۤﺰۤﻩ ﻣﺎﻧْﺪ :ﺍﻟﻘﻮّﺍﺩ. ﺫﺍﺕ ﻭﺗﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻛﺒﲑﻫﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﺒﻮﺭ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﺃﺻﻞ
ﺑْﺰﻳۤﺖ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ: ﻣﻌﲎ ))ﺑﻮﺯﻭﻕ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻲﺀ ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻌﻄّﻞ ،ﲰﻮﺍ ـﺎ
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺯَﻳﺘﺎٓ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺘﻮﻥ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠـﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﻷﺎ ﻣﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩ ﻭﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﻛﻤﺎﻻً ،ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩ
ﳎﻠﺔ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٤ ﲞﻤﺴﺔ ﺃﻭﺗﺎﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺴﺘﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺰﻕ ﺑﻮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻳﺘﻼﻓﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺺ ﺑﺈﻣﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻷﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﺰﱘ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﺑْﺰﱘ :ﺍﳊﻠْﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳍﺎ ﻟﺴﺎﻥ ﻳـﺪﺧﻞ ﰲ
ﺍﳋَﺮﻕ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﺑﺰﱘ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻬﻠﻮﻥ ﳘﺰـﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ))ﺑﻮﺯﻭﻕ(( ﻣـﻦ
ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﺎ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﺑﺰﺭﻙ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ.
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻓْﻌﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺰَﻡ :ﻋﺾّ. ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺰﻕ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ :ﺍﻟﺒﺰﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻲ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟـﻮﺗﺮﻳﻦ،
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻛﺎﻟﺸـﺎﻣﻲ ﻟﻜـﻦ ﺳـﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﺃﻗﺼـﺮ،
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﺑﺰﻳﻦ ،ﻟﻐﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺠﻤﻲ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ ﻭﺫﻭ ﺍﻷﻭﺗـﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛـﺔ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻷﺑﺎﺯﱘ ﻭﺍﻷﺑَﺎﺯﻳﻦ. ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺬﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻚ ،ﰒ ﺇﻥ ﺑﻄﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻠﺪ.
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ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﺔ)) :ﺑَﺲ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓﻘﻂ ،ﻭﺷﺪﻳﺎﻕ ﻭﰲ ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ :ﺍﻹﺑﺰﱘ.
ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ(( ﻳﺮﻯ ﺃﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺰ. ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺒْﺰﱘ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺷﺪّ ﺑْﺮﳝَﻚ )ﻫﻴۤﻚ ﻭﻫﻴۤﻚ( ﰲ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺟﺔ)) :ﺑَﺲ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﻏﲑ ﺃﻧﻪ، ﺑْﺮﳝَﻚ.
ﻭﲟﻌﲎ ﻳﻜﻔﻲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻠﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺍﻟﺒْﺰﱘ.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ)) :ﺑَﺲ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻜـﺜﲑ ﺑَﺲْ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﶈﻴﻂ :ﺑﺲﱡ – ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﻂ. ﺍﻟﻀﻢّ – ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺣَﺴْﺐُ ،ﻳﻘﺎﻝ:ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺣﱴ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺑَﺲﱡ،
ﻭﰲ ))ﻗﺼﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺑﻴﱪﺱ(( ﻋﻦ ﻟﺴـﺎﻥ ﺃﻱ :ﺣَﺴْﺐُ ،ﺃﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺴﺘﺮﺫﻝ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ.
ﺟﻮﺍﻥ)) :ﭘﺎﺳﺖ ﻏَﻨْﺪﺍﺭ!(( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺣَﺴْﺒُﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺷـﺎﺏّ!
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﺓ. ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﺮ ))ﺑَﺲ(( ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻌﲔ((.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺩﺧﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ،
))ﻭﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ(( ﻣﺎ ﻣﺆﺩﺍﻩ :ﺗﺰﻭّﺝ ﳏﻤـﺪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻭﻫﻢ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﶈﺘﺴﺐ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻥ ﺍﳋـﺎﻣﺲ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻛﻴﻒ ﻭﻫﻢ؟ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ
ﺍﳍﺠﺮﻱ( ،ﻭﺇﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﻜﺘﺐ ﺇﺫ ﺩﺧﻠـﺖ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﲪﺎﺗـﻪ ﺗﺬﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ))ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﻃﻊ(( ﻗﺎﻝ)) :ﺑَـﺲ(( ﺑـﻮﺯﻥ
ﻭﺃﻣﺴﻜﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺓ ﻭﺭﻣﺖ ﺎ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﺔ :ﺑَﺲْ ،ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺷـﺮّ ))ﺭَﺱْ(( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻛﻔَﻰ ﻭﻳﻜﻔﻲ ،ﻭﺗﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﻓﻘـﻂ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺑﻨﱵ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼﲦﺎﺋﺔ ﺿﺮّﺓ. ﻭﲟﻌﲎ ﺣﺴﺐُ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺄﰐ ﲟﻌﲎ ))ﻛﻢ(( ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺜﲑﻳﺔ ﻭﲟﻌﲎ
ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ،ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻗﻄﻊ ﻭﺑﺖّ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻋﻄﻴﺔ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﻣـﺬﻫﺒﺎً ﻏﺮﻳﺒـﺎً ﻭﰲ ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﺍﳍﻨـﺪﺍﻭﻱ :ﺑَـﺲْ:
ﺃﻭﺣﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻈﻲ ،ﺇﺫ ﺯﻋﻢ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ،ﻭﺍﻓﺮ ،ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ،ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ،ﻛﻔﻰ ...ﻭﻧﻘﻠﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ
ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ))ﭘﺴﺘﺎ(( ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻴﺢ :ﺣﺴﺐُ ﺃﻱ :ﻛﻔﻰ. ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻛﻔَﻰ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﻭﻫﻮ ﺯﻋﻢ ﻣﻨﻜﺮ.
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﺎﳌﻌـﺎﱐ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣـﺔ: ﻭ))ﺑَﺲ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ(( :ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻭ ))ﺑَﺲْ ﻛﺮﺩَﻥ((...:
ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ،ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻓﻘﻂ ،ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﻻﻛﺘﻔﺎﺀ ،ﻭ))ﺑَﺴﺎ(( :ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ،ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً.
))ﻟﻜﻦ(( :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺪﺭﺍﻙ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻏﲏ ﺑﺲ ﲞﻴﻞ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺲْ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻜـﺎﰲ – ﻛﻤـﺎ ﰲ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ))ﻣﱴ(( ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﻴﺔ :ﺑـﺲ ﻣـﺎ ﺑﻠّـﺶ ))ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﴰﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﻲ(( – ﻭﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻛﺘﻔﺎﺀ ﲟﻌـﲎ
ﺻﺎﺣﺒَﻚ ﻳﺘﺪﻳّﻦ ﻛﺒّﻮ. ﻳﻜﻔﻲ ،ﻭﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ – ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ))ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺳﻴﺪﻱ((
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ﻗﻤﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﻮ ﻭﺑﺎﺳﲏ )ﺑﺲ ﻋﺎﳌﺮﺍﻳﺔ( ﻭﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﺮﺷﻚ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻞ :ﺑﻴﻌﻤﻞ
ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﺷﻮ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﻞ. ﺑٕﻢْ ﺑٕﻢْ ﺑَﺲ.
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ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﲑﺍﻥ ﺍﲣﺬﺕ ﺷﻌﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺒْﺴٔﺎﻁ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺍﻟﺒْﺼﺎﻁ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒِﺴﺎﻁ:
ﺑﺴﺎﻃﺎً ﻳﻨﻄﻠﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻧﺎﺱ. ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﺴﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳜﺼﺼﻮﻧﻪ ﻟﻨﺴـﻴﺞ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ٤۰ﺹ.٥٢٩ ﺻﻮﰲ ﻏﻠﻴﻆ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻏﲑﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺼﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺒّﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﺠﺎﺩ
ﻭ...
ﺍﻟﺒَﺴﺎﻃﺔ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺒَﺼٔﺎﻃﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ ﻭﺃﻗﺮﻩ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ TAPISﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻼ
ﺑَﺴُﻂ :ﺍﻧﺒﺴﻂ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺑﺎﺳﻄﻪ .ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﻃﺔ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺑﺴﺎﻃﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﻣﺪﻟﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺴﺬﺍﺟﺔ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ. ﺍﻟﺴﺠّﺎﺩ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺴﺎﻃﺖ ﻭﺑﺴﺎﻃﺎﺕ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺴﺎﻁ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻗـﻮﳍﻢ :ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺑْﺴَﺎﻉ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺳﺎﻉ. ﺑﺴﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ.
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒْﺴـﺎﻃﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒْﺴـﺎﻃﺎﻱ
ﺑَﺴﺎﻟﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺴﺎﻟَﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻄﻮﻟﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺎﻋﺔ. ﻭﺍﻟﺒْﺴﺎﻃﺎﻳۤﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺴﺎﻟﺖ. ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺴﺎﻃﺔ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﺑَﺴﺎﻣﲑ ﺍﻟﺮٕﻛَﺐ :ﻟﻘﺐ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﱪﻏـﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﺴﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻒ ﻭﺳﻴﻊ.
ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻮﺥ ،ﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺸﺪﻫﺎ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻳﻬـﺎ ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺗﺸـﺪ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺭﻛﺐ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺴﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ )ﺃﻭ
ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻣﲑ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ. ﺭﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ( ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻗﺒﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻠﻰ.
ﻭﰲ ﳒﺪ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮ :ﻣﺴﺎﻣﲑ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺐ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺴﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ.
ﺑْﺴﺎﻁ ﺃﲪﺪِﻱ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﺗﻜﻠﻴﻒ:
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺴّﺎۤﻳۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺴّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺯﻳﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺲّ :ﺍﳍﺮّ ﺑﺴﺎﻁ ﺃﲪﺪﻱ :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻮﱄّ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ
ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻲ. ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﲔ ﻣﺮﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﺃ ))ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺔ
ﻭﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﺗﺴﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴّﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺰﻭﻥ. ﺑﻄﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻔﺔ((.
ﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺴّﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ ﻭﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ. ﻭﺯﻋﻤﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺒﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺴﺎﻁ ﺻﻐﲑ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺟﻠﺴﺘﻪ ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻳﺴﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﳉﻠﻮﺱ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻭﻟﻮ
ﺑٕﺴﺒُﺘُﻮﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑُﺴﺒﺘﻮﻥ :ﻛﻠﻬﻢ ،ﺃﲨﻌﲔ. ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺃﻟﻔﺎً :ﲟﻘﺘﻀﻰ ﻛﺮﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ.
ﺑْﺴﺒّۤﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺳٕﺒۤﺔ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺴﺒﻮﺱ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻮﻑ ﻫﺎﻟﺒَﺴﺒﻮﺱ ﻋﻨـﺪﻭ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﲪﺪﻳﺔ(( :ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺻﺎﺭ
ﲬﺴﻄﻌﺶ ﺑِﻨﺎﻳۤﺔ ﻭﺃﺧﺘﻮ ﺑﺴﺒﻮﺳۤﺔ ﻣﺘﻠﻮ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻠـﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﻁ ﺍﻷﲪﺪﻱ.
ﺑﺴﺎﺑﻴﺲ ﻭﺯﻧﺎﮔﲔ .ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺒَﺴـﺒﻮﺱ :ﺍﳋﺒﻴـﺚ ﺑْﺴﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺴـﺎﻁ
ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﺿﻊ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺑـﺲّ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑـﺔ: ﺍﻟﻜﻨَﺴﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻄﻴﻞ ﻳﻨﺸﺮ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺯﺓ ،ﳝﺴﻚ ﺑﻜـﻞ
ﺳﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﻗًﺎ ﺭﻓﻴﻘﺎً ﻟﻴﻨﺎً ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺔ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺷﺎﺏ ،ﻣﻘﺘﺒﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻮﻉ. ﺑْﺴﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ :ﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﰲ ))ﺃﻟﻒ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ(( ﻛـﺄﺩﺍﺓ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺴﺒﻮﺳۤﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﻮﺍﻫﻢ[ :ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﱪ ﻳُﺒَﺲّ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻗﺪﳝﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﲑﺍﻥ ،ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﲣﺬﻫﺎ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ – ﻛﻤﺎ
ﻋﺠﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ،ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ ﻳﺰﻋﻤﻮﻥ –.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﺜﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠﺔ: ﺍﻟﺒَﺴﻴﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺧﻠﻄﺘﻪ ﺑﻐﲑﻩ.
ﻳﺎ ﻋﺮﻭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺭﻳّﺎﻧۤﺔ )ﺃﻭ :ﻳﺎ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺗﻼﺗﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ :ﻭﺭﺩ ﻭﻓـﻞّ ﺑٕﺴْﺖ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻟﺰﺟﺮ ﺍﻟﻘـﻂ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺭﳛﺎﻥ ،ﺍﻟﻮﭺ ﺍﻟﺘﻠۤﻢ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻠّـﺔ ﺑﺴـﺘﺎﻥ )ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔِ :ﺑﺲْ ِﺑﺲْ :ﻟﺰﺟﺮ ﺍﻹﺑﻞ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﻟﺰﺟﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻂ
ﻳﻜﺴﺐ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ(. ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﳊﻘﻮﺍ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[: ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﺃﺧﻮﺓ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺼﻠّﻮﺍ ،ﻋﺪّۤﺕ
ﺯﺭﻋﺖ ﺭﺍﺱ ﺗﻮﻡ ﻭﰲ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﱐ ﭼَﻜّﻴﺘﻮ ﻗﺪّﺍﻣﻦٓ ﻗﻄﺔ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻻ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ :ﺑٕﺴﺖ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟـﻮ ﺃﺧـﻮﻩ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻴّﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩ ﻭﻋﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻞّ ﺳﻘّﻴﺘﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱐ :ﺳﻜﻮﺕ ،ﺣﺮﺍﻡ ﲢﻜﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺼـﻼﺓ ،ﻗـﺎﻝ ﻟـﻮ
ﻭﻏﺒﺖ ﻋﻨّﻮ ﺳﻨۤﺔ ﻭﺭﺟﻌﺖ ﻭﴰّﻴۤﺘﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﺖ :ﻣﻮ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ :ﺍﳊﻜﻲ ﺑﻔﺴۤﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ،ﻗـﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻡ ﺑﻘِﻲ ﺗﻮﻡ ﻭﺿﺎﻉ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺣﻄّﻴﺘﻮ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ :ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻜﻴﺖ ﺷﻲ.
ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟـﻨﲑﺏ، ﺍﻟﺒٕﺴﺘﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺴﺘﺎﻥ :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺷﺠﺮ
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﺎً. ﻭﺯﺭﻉ.
ﰲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﺹ: ٦٩ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺗﲔ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥِ
ﻣﺜﻮﻯ ﺑِﻼﻝ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺫﻭ ﺑﺮﻫﺎ ِﻥ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺑَﺴْﺘَﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﻨۤﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﰲ)) :ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ(( ﺝ ٣ﺹ٢٩٥ ﻭﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﱐ ،ﻭﻗـﺪ ﻛـﺎﻧﻮﺍ
ﰲ ﺣﻮﺍﺩﺙ :١٨١٥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺴﺘﺎﳒﻲ.
ﻭَﻟِﻲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺭﺟﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ :ﺃﻣﲑ ﺍﳊﺞّ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎً ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﱐ ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﱪّﻱ.
ﻳﻨﺴﺐ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﴰﺎﱄ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﺑُﻮﻱ(( :ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ
ﺑﺸﺮﻕ. ﺃﻱ :ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ،ﻭ))ﺳﺘﺎﻥ(( :ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ،ﺃﻱ ﻣﻜـﺎﻥ
ﺭﻭﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻣﺰﺭﻋـﺔ ﺍﳋﻀـﺮ
ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﳉﻮﺧٔﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﺎً ﻷﺣﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ.
ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺑﲔ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺟﻮﺧﻪ ،ﰒ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺣﻴﺎً ،ﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻲ ﻓﻬﻮ :ﺍﳉﻨّﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ﻭﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻡ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑُﺴﺘﺎﻥ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﺑُﺴﺘﺎﻥ.
ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻃٔﻪٔ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﴰﺎﻝ ﺷـﺮﻗﻲ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ:
ﺣﻠﺐ ﲟﺤﺎﺫﺍﺓ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﺭ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﺎً ،ﻭﰲ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺑُﺴﺘٓﻨﺎٓ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ ﻗﱪ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﻃـﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺑَﻴْﺘﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻬﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺑﻪ ،ﻳﻘﻊ ﰲ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺟﻨﻴﻨـﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘـﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻗﻲ. ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BOSTANA :
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BOSTAN :
ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻼۤﺏ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣـﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻳﻘـﻊ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ BOSTAN :ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﺑـﲔ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔَﺮَﺝ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻴﻠﻴﺔ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﺎً ،ﰒ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BOSTANI :
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ﻛﻨﺎ ﻣﺒﺴﺘﻨﲔ ﻗﺒﻠﻮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﺴﺘﻨۤﺔ ﻻﺯﻣۤﺔ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻣﻀﻰ ﺣﻴﺎً ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﲬﺴﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ
ﻣﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﻭﻳﻀﺎً ﻟﻠﻨﻔﺲ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺴـﺘﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﺫﺭﻉ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝ ،ﻭﻛـﻞ
ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺑﺴﱳ. ﺻﺒﺎﺡ ﺗﺼﻄﻒ ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﺏ ﻭﳜﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻭﻳﺸﺘﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺯﺝ.
ﻭﻣﻨﺬ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﺗـﺘﱰﻩ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺟﺪﺍً. ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺥ ﰲ ))ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ(( ﺝ ٣ﺹ :٤٧١ﻭﻛﺎﻥ
ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﳐﻮﻓﺎً ﳜﺸﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮّ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺣـﺪﻩ ﺃﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ ﻳﻐﻨﻮﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﻜﺔ: ﺗﺆﺧﺬ ﺛﻴﺎﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻪ.
ﻳﺎﺑﻮ ﻋﻴﻮﻥ ﻟﻮّﻳﺰۤﺓ! ﲡﺮﺡ ﲝﺪّ ﻗْﺰۤﺍﺯۤﺓ ﻭﰲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﺎۤﺻۤﺐ ﺑﺴﺘۤﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﳋﺪﱢ ﻟﻮ ﻏٕﻤﺎۤﺯۤﺓ –ً ١ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﻘﺮﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺑّﺎﻏﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻜـﻼﺏ
ﺑَﺴﺘَﻨْﻜﺎﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺑَﺴﺘﻪ ﻧْﻜﺎٔﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺑَﺴﺘَﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺗﺄﻭﻱ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻟﺘﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﺤـﻢ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲّ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﺑَﺴﺘَﻪ(( :ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ،ﻭ ﻳﺮﻣﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺎﻏﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻠﻮﺩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻔﻴﺪﻭﻥ ﻣـﻦ
))ﻛﺎٔﺭ(( :ﻻﺣﻘﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻴﻜـﻮﻥ ﻏﺎﺋﻄﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻭﻧﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺯﻧﺒﻴـﻞ ﲟﺠﻴـﺪﻱ،
ﺍﳌﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻂ. ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻠﻴﻨﺎً ﻟﻠﺠﻠﺪ.
–ً ٢ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻼۤﺏ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ))ﮔﻞ ﺁﺏ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺴﺘﻮٓﱐ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌـﺔ، ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻣﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩ ،ﻳﺰﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩ ﰲ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺴـﺘﺎﻥ ﰒ
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ))ﻣٔﺎﭼـﺎ(( ﺃﻭ ))ﭘﻴـﻚ(( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ –، ﻳﻘﻄﺮ ،ﻳﺆﻧﺲ ﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺃﻥ ))ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝ(( ﺍﺎﻭﺭ ﻟﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﻮﱐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ BASTONI :ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﻟﻌِﺼـﻲّ: ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻭﺩ.
ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎ ﺑﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﺻﻘﻠّﻴﺔ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝ.
ﺑٔﺴٔﻂ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ :ﺑﺼﻂ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺴﻂ ﻳـﺪﻩ –ً ٣ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ))ﻛﻞّ ﺃﺏّ(( )ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺸﺪﻳﺪ( :ﻣﻦ
ﺑﺴﻄﺎً :ﻣﺪّﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻧﺸﺮﻩ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻧﺎً :ﺳَﺮﱠﻩ ﻓﺎﻧﺒﺴﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺏّ :ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺐ ﺭﻃﺒﻪ ﻭﻳﺎﺑﺴﻪ ﻭﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺒﺘﺖ
ﻭﺟﻬﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺸﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩ ﻟﻐﺔ. ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﻸ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻛﻬﺔ ﻳُـﺪّﺧﺮ
ﻟﻠﺸﺘﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻓﻤﻌﲎ ))ﻛـﻞ ﺃﺏّ(( :ﲨﻴـﻊ
ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ)) :ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﺑﻀﻌﺔ ﻣﲏ ﻳَﺒْﺴُﻄﲏ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺐ ﺃﻭ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻛﻬﺔ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ – ﺃﻱ ﻛﺜﲑ
ﻳَﺒﺴُﻄُﻬﺎ ﻭﻳَﻘﺒِﻀﲏ ﻣﺎ ﻳَﻘﺒِﻀﻬﺎ((. ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ﴿ :ﻭﻓﺎﻛﻬﺔً ﻭﺃﺑّﺎً﴾.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭﻕ(( :ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ :ﻳﺴُﺮّﱐ ﻣﺎ ﻳَﺴﺮّﻫﺎ ﺏ(( ﺍﳌﺸـﻬﻮﺭﺓ
ﻭﺯﺭﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﻨـﺔ ))ﺃ ّ
ﻭﻳﺴﻮﺀﱐ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻮﺀﻫﺎ ،ﻷﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳُﺮّ ﺍﻧﺒﺴـﻂ ﺑﺒﺴﺎﺗﻴﻨﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺟﻬﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺸﺮ ،ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﺍﻧﺒﺴﻂ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻫـﺶّ ﻭﲡﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔُ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔَ ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﻛﻞ
ﻭﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺒِﺸﺮ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﳝﺪﺡ: ﺃَﺏّ(( ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﲎ :ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ.ﻭﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﳓﻦ
))ﻟﻮ ﺟﻬﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﺴﻂ ﻭﺠـﺔ(( ﺃﻱ: ﳕﻴﻞ.
ﺑﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻭﺗﺮﻙ ﺗﻌﺒّﺲ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﺴْﺘْﻠۤﻴﻚ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜﻠﻴﺖ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓﺸﻂ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ :ﺍﻷﺑﺴﻂ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻧﺒﺴﻂ. ﺑَﺴﱳ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺴﱳ ﻓﻼﻥ ،ﻭﳓﻨۤﻪ
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ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑٕﺴﺘﻠﻴۤﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺷﻲ ﺃﺑﺴﻂ ﺇٕﱄ ﻭﺍٕﻟَﻚ.
،BICYCLETTEﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﻟـﺪﻭﻻﺑﲔ،
ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺑﲔ. ﺑٔﺴّٔﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺴّﻂ :ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺑَﺴَﻂ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﺴﻜﻠﻴﺘﺎﺕ.
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺆﺍﺟﺮﻫﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜﻠﻴﺘﺠﻲ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺒﺴﻄﺎﺗﻴّۤﺔ ﺑﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﳉﻤﻌـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜﻠﻴﺘﺠﻴّۤﺔ. ﻭﺑﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﻷﺣﺪ ﲜﻮﺍ ﺑﺒَﺴﻄﻮﺍ ﻣﺎﳉﻮﻕ ﺗﻴﺎﺧﺪﻭﺍ ﳏـﻞ
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﻣﻘﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜﻠﻴﺖ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌّﺎﺻﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺃﻧﺴﺐ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﻛﺒﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ:
ﻛﻮﱠﺯﺍ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﻘﻌﺪﻩ ﻛﺎﻟﻜﻮﺯ. ))ﭘﻮﺳﺘٔﺎﻝ(( ﺍﻟﺒٕﺴﻄﺎﺭ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻄﺎﺭ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ:
ﻭُﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴﻜﻞ(( ﺃﻭﻝ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ. ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﭘﻮٓﺳﺖ(( :ﺍﳉﻠﺪ ،ﻭ ))ﺁﻝ(( :ﺍﻷﲪـﺮ،
ﰒ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺯﻛﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺍﳉﻮّﺍﻟﺔ(( ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺬﺍﺀ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺩ ﻭﻟﻮ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺃﲪﺮ.
ﻭﱂ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ.
ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ))ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ(( ﺱ ١٩ﺹ :٤٧٧ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺴْﻄﺮﻣﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻄﺮﻣﺔ.
ﺍﺳﻢ ))ﺍﻟﺪﺭّﺍﺟﺔ(( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴﻜﻞ :ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻟـﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ
ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻠﺘﲔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺮﻛﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﻳﺪﻳﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺟﻠﻴﻪ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﺴْﻄٔﺔ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼﻄﺔ ،ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻀـﺎﺋﻊ
ﻭﺃﻗﺮّ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ))ﺍﻟﺪﺭّﺍﺟﺔ(( ﺗﺒﺴﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺗﺒﺎﻉ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﺭﺍﺟﺔ. ﺑﺴﻄﻪ :ﻣﺪّﻩ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜﻠﻴﺖ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻉ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٨۰۰ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴـﻄﺎﰐ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ:
ﺁﻧﺌﺬ ﺇﻻ ﺩﻭﻻﺑﺎﻥ ﻳﺪﻓﻌﻬﻤﺎ ﺭﺍﻛﺒﻪ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ ﺑﺮﺟﻠـﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻄﺎﺗﻴّۤﺔ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﰒ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻮﻃﺊ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻣﲔ ،ﻭﰲ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٨٦٦ ﻭ ))ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ(( ﺭﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻄﺎﰐ:
ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻉ ﺑﺴﻜﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻭﻻﺏ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻭﺁﺧﺮ ﺻـﻐﲑ ،ﰒ ﰲ ﺑﺴﻄﺎﻃﻲ.
ﺳﻨﺔ ١٨٨۰ﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜﻠﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ
ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻭﺗﺸﻮﻙ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﺴﻄﻮٓﻥ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼـﻄﻮٓﻥ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـﺔ:
ﻭﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ ﺱ ٣ﺹ ٥۰٩ﻣﺎ ﻣﺆﺩﺍﻩ :ﻋـﻴّﻦ :PASTONEﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎ ﻳﺘﻮﻛّﺄ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﺎ ﳉﻨﺔ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺟـﻮﺍﺯ ﺭﻛـﺐ ﺍﻹﻛﻠـﲑﻭﺱ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﺴﻄﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﺴﺎﻃﲔ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴﻜﻞ ﻭﻋﺪﻣﻪ. ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺯﻱّ ﲪـﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻄﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮﺍً ،ﰒ ﺍﺿﻤﺤﻞّ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﺒﺎﺭﻳﺲ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺭِﺟﺎﻝ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﺗﺎﺿﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜﻠﻴﺖ. ﺑَﺴْﻘْﻼ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﺓ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ:
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺳﻘﻼ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻨﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷـﻠﺤﺖ.
ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺴـﻜﻠﻴﺘﺎﺕ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠـﺐ )ﺣﻠﺐ.(٨۰
ﺟﺮﺟﻲ ﺷﻘﺎﻝ ﻭﻛﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨـﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻃـﺔ ،ﺟﻠﺒـﻬﺎ
ﺳﻨﺔ ،١٨٩٥ﻭﻛـﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜـﻠﻴﺖ ﺁﻧﺌـﺬ ﻛﺒﲑﺍً ﺑٕﺴْﻜْﻠﻴۤﺖ :ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﺴْﻜْﻠﻴۤﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺑِﻴﺴﻴﻜﻠﻴۤﺖ،
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ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻓﺮﺟﻴﺘﻚ ﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﻭﻣﻌﺎ ﻛﺴﺘﻜﺎ ،ﻭﻋﻠّﻘﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻧّﺎﺭﻱ. ﻭﻋﺎﻟﻴﺎً ،ﻭﺧﺴﺮﺕ ﲡﺎﺭﺗﻪ ﻷﻥ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﱂ ﻳﻜـﻦ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٢٨ﺹ.٥٨ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻛﺒﻬﺎ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟــﻮﻥ[ :ﭼــﺎﻣﺮﻟﻘﻲ ﻣﺮﻫــﻮﻥ ﻋﻨــﺪ
ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜﻠﺘﭽﻲ. ﻭﲰﻰ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴّﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜﻠﻴﺖ :ﻋﺮﺑﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ،
ﻷﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑﺪﻭﻻﺑﲔ ،ﻛﻤـﺎ ﲰـﻮﻩ:
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺴﻜﻮِﻳﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴـﻜﻮﻳﺖ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ: ﺣﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ.
BISCUITﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺨﺒﻮﺯ ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺍﺹ
ﺍﳍﺸﺔ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺒـﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﻜﺮ ﻭﻗﻠﻴـﻞ ﻭﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﲰﺘﻪ :ﺣﺼﺎﻥ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ.
ﺍﻟﺪﻫﻦ .ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻔﻨﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ. ﻭﺍﻗﺘﲎ ﺳﺘﺔ ﺷﺒﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺟﺎﺕ ،ﻣﻨﻬﻢ
))ﺍﻟﺒُﺴـﻜﻮﺕ((
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﱄ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﺃﺭﻣﲔ ﻃﻮﲜﻴـﺎﻥ،
ﻭ))ﺍﻟﻐُﺮَﻳْﺒﺔ ﺍﳍﺸّﺔ(( ،ﻭﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ. ﻟﻨﺴﻤﻌﻪ ﳛﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺳﺒﺎﻕ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺟﺎﺕ:
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ))ﺍﻟٕﺒﺸْـﻜٕﺖّ(( ﻋـﻦ ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﱄ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺣﻔﻠﺔ ﺳﺒﺎﻕ ﳍﺎﻟﺒﺴﻜﻠﻴﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺔ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ. ﰲ ﺣﻠﺒﺔ ﺳﺒﺎﻕ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ :ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﺒﺒﻬﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ
ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺩﻓﻌﺖ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﱄ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻨﻊ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﱄ
ﺑَﺴْﻠِﻴَﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ: ﺑﺄﻣﻮ .ﻓﺮﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﱄ ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻔﺎﺋﺰ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺫﻫﺒﻴﺔ – )ﻭﺃﻣﺮ
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺳَﻠْﻴﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ .ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ : ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺧﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﳜﺮﺟﻬﺎ ﱄ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻴﺒﻪ ﻷﺭﺍﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ
ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٤ ﻫﻮ ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﺎ ﻷﻥ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻣﺒﺘﻮﺭﺗﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺩﺙ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺣﺎﺩﺛﻲ
ﺳَﺪّ ﺑْﺴٕﻠﻴّﻦ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ :ﺳﺪ ﺑﺴﻠﲔ. ﰲ ﻳﺪﻱ( ﻓﺄﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ))ﻫَﻲْ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺑﺬﺍﺗﺎ(( .ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﻣﻮﻋﺪ
ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﺭﱐ ﺃﺩﱏ ﺷﻚ
ﺑَﺴَﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺿﺤﻚ ﺃﻗﻞ ﺍﻟﻀﺤﻚ ﻭﺃﺣﺴﻨﻪ. ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺯ ،ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﺃﺭﻛﺒﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﻼً ﻭﺎﺭﺍً ﰲ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﺴۤﻢ :ﻓﺮﺡ. ﻛﻞ ﺃﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻄﺔ ﻭﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻄﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻼﻃﺎ ﺳﺎۤﻭﻱ
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﻔﺸﻜﻞ ،ﻭﻣﻠﻌﺐ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺷﻐﻠﱵ ﻋﻤﻠﱵ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺴﻢ ﻭﺗﺒﺴﻢ. ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﱯ ﻭﻳﻦ ﻓﻨّٓﻦ ﻭﻭﻳﻦ ﻓﻨّﻲ ،ﻭﻭﻳﻦ ﺯﻧﻮﺩﻥ
ﻭﻭﻳﻦ ﺯﻧﻮﺩﻱ ،ﻭﻭﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺳﺔ ﺃﺟﺮﻳﻬﻦ ﻭﻭﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺳﱵ،
ﺑﺴﱠﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺴَﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺪﻳﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺟﻌﻠـﻪ ﺍﳊﺎﺻﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﳌﻌﲔ ﺯﻳّﺖ ﺑﻴﺴﻜﻠﻴﱵ ﻭﺻﻠّﺒﺖ ﻭﻧﺰﻟﺖ
ﻳﺒﺴﻢ. ﻋﺎﳌﻴﺪﺍﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻛﺒﺲ ﺍﳉﱭ ،ﻭﻟﻮﻻ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮ ﺿﺒﻂ
ﺑٕﺴْﻢٕ ﺍﷲ :ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﱪّﻙ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﺳـﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺳﺒﺎﻕ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﺣﻠﻰ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﱪﻇﺎﻥ ﳌﺎ
ﺍﷲ ،ﻭﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻵﺏ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﻦ ﻭﺭﻭﺡ ﻋﻄﺎﻧﺎ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﲑ ﻃﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﺻﺤﺎﰊ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ،
ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺱ ،ﻭﻗﺒﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑْﺸۤﻢ ﻫﺸّۤﻢ ﺃﻱ :ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺭﻣﲔ ﻃﻮﲜﻴﺎﻥ ﲞﺎﻑ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺼﺎﻓﲑ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺮﻗﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻻﺳﻢ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ،ﻻ ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﺄﺩﺑﺎً ﻭﺩﳝﻮﻣﺔ ﻋﺰّ. ﻗﺪﺍﻣﻲ؟ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺣﺔ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺮ ،ﻭﻭﻳﻨﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻕ
ﻭﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﺒﻴﺴۤﺔ :ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻠّۤﻪ ﻳـﺎ ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﻤﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺻﺔ)) :ﻭﺯّ(( ﻛﻨﺖ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﻴﺪﺍﻥ،
ﺷـﺒﺎﺏ )ﺑﺈﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﷲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺳـﲑﻭﺍ ﻣــﻴﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻻ ﺻﺮﺕ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﳌﻴﺪﺍﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﱄ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺇﻳﺪﺗﻴﻨﻮ ﻭﺿﻤﲏ
ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ،ﻻ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﻻ ﻫﻨﺎ(. ﻟﺼﺪﺭﻭ ،ﻭﻃﺎﻟﻊ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﻮ
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ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻮﺥ :ﺑﺴﺎﻣﲑ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺐ. ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺃﻥ ﳘﺰﺓ ))ﺍﺳﻢ(( ﻻ ﲢﺬﻑ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺇﻻ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ)) :ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ(( ﻭﻣـﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﻮ ﻛٕﻞّ ﻣٕﻦ ﺩﻕّ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﺎﺭ ﻗﺎﻝ: ﺳﻮﺍﻫﺎ ﺗﺜﺒﺖ ﺭﲰﺎً :ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ،ﺑﺎﲰﻚ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ،ﻭﳓـﻦ
ﺃﻧﺎ ﳒّﺎﺭ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﺒﺴﻤﺎﺭ :ﻟﻴﺶ ﺑﺘﺪﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻴﻂ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ(( ﺣﺬﻓﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ))ﺑﺎﺳـﻢ
ﻟﻦ :ﻣﺎﻟﺮﺹّ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺍﻱ ،ﺿﺮﺑۤﺔ ﻋﺎﳊﺎﻓۤﺮ ﺿﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺴـﻤﺎﺭ ﺣﱴ ﺇﻥ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﺇﻻ ﻭﻳﺴﺒﻘﻪ ﺎ.
)ﺃﻭ :ﺩﻗّﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻨﻌﻞ ﺩﻗﺔ ﻋﺎﳊﺎﻓﺮ(.
ﺑٕﺴْﻤﺎﭼﻜۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﺴﻤﺎﭼﻜﺔ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـﺔ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻓّۤﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺑﺴﻤﺎﺭ. :BISTECCHAﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﻳﻌﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﳛﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺨﺬ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ﺗﻘﻠـﻰ ﺃﻭ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﲰﻌﺖ ﻣـﻦ ﻫـﻮ ﻣﻮﻟـﻊ ﺗﺸﻮﻯ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﺴﻤﺎﭼﻜﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌـﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣـﺪﺓ
ﺑﺘﺪﺧﲔ ﺍﻷﺭﮔﻴﻠﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺍﻟﻨَﻔَﺲ ﺑﺴﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ] ،ﻣـﻦ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ :ﺑﺴﻤﺎﭼﻜﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﺴﻤﺎﭼﻜﺎﻳﺎﺕ.
ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻗﻄﻢ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻ ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻲ ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺴـﻤﺎﭼﻜۤﺔ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺷﻲ ﺑﺪﺧﻞ ﻛﻠّـﻮ ﻭﺑﺒﻘـﻰ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺩﺍﱏ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴـﺔ
ﺭﺍﺳﻮ) :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﺎﺭ( ،ﺷﻲ ﻣﺎ ﲟﺸﻲ ﺍﻻ ﺗﺘﻀﺮﺑﻮ ﻋﺮﺍﺳﻮ؟: ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻔﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ ))ﻣـﻴﺲ ﻣۤﭽْـﻚ((
١١٦
))ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ((.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺴﻴﺴۤﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺲ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻮﻟّﺪﺓ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﳌﺮﻛّﺐ. ﻭﲰﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺬﺑﺢ ﻟﻴﺆﻛﻞ:
ـﺔ:
ـﻴﻄٓﺎ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـ
ـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓﺸـ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴـ ﺑَﺴْﻤَﻞ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﲰﺖ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﺦ :ﺑَﺴْﻤﻠﻜَﺎﻩ.
ﻓﺸﻴﻄَﺎ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺐ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺴـﻬﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟـﻞ
ﺍﻷﺑﻠﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ. ﺍﻟﺒَﺴَﻨﺪﺍ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﺴَﻨﺪَﻩ :ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﻌﺪّﻭﻥ ﻓـﺎﺧﺮ
ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻻۤﺑﺲ ﺷﺮﻭﺍﻝ ﺁﻟﱵ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺮﺍﻕ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ –
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﰲ ﻭﺑﻮﺳﻄﻮ ﺷﺎﻟۤﺔ ﻋﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﺴﺘﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻫﺐ ﻋﻢ
ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑُﺴَﻄﺎﺀ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ. ﺑﺼﺞ ﺻَﺞ ،ﻭﰲ ﻫﺎﻟﻜﺴﺘﻚ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺑَﺴَﻨْﺪﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻭﺑُﺴﻄﺎﺀ. ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﭘَﺴَﻨْﺪَﻩ ﺃﻭ ﭘَﺴَﻨْﺪِﻳﺪَﻩ :ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺎﺭ ،ﺍﳌﻨﺘﻘَﻰ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﺛﺎﻗﻔﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﳌﺴـﺄﻟﺔ
ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﻭﺃﺑﺴﻂ ﳑﺎ ﻳﻈﻦ. ﺑْﺴَﻨﺪٓﻳﻨَﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻮﺭ ،ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺳَﻨْﺪﻳُﻨَﺎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺴـﻨﺪﻳﺎﻥ )ﺃﻱ ﻣﻜـﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺴﻴﻄﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ،ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ((: ﺍﳌﺸـﺮﻕ : ﺷﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪﻳﺎﻥ( ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻌﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٤
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺧﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻄﺔ. ﺑَﺴَﻮٔﻧْﺪَﻩ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺻﻔّﻰ ﺩﻛﺎﻧﻮ ﻭﺻﺘّﻰ ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ
ﺑَﺴﻴﻢ :ﱂ ﻳﺮﺩ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻓﻌﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺴَﻢَ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺻﺘٔﺎﻩ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻰ ﻋﻨﺪﻭ ﺇٕﻻ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺒَﺴَﻮﻧﺪﻩ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺑﻨﻮﻩ ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺑﺒﺴﻴﻢ ﺫﻛﻮﺭﻫﻢ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺼﻌﺐ ﺑﻴﻌﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ)) :ﭘٔﺎﺱ(( :ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺃ
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ. ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺃ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﻣﺎﻧﺪٔﻩ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﻠّﻒ ،ﺍﳌﺘﺮﻭﻙ ،ﺍﳌﻬﺠﻮﺭ ،ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻞ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﻯ:
ﺑْﺴﻴﻨﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ: ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺒَﺴَﻮﻧْﺪَﻩ :ﺍﻟﺴﺘﻮٓﻙ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺳِﻴﻨﺎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠـﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٤ ﺍﻟﺒﺴّۤﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﻳۤﺔ.
ﺑْﺴﻴﻜﻮٓﻟﻮٓﺟﻴﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ
PSYCHOLOGIEﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ. ﺑْﺴﻴﺪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻮﺭ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﺑَﺶّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺶّ ﺑَﺸّﺎً ﻭﺑَﺸﺎﺷﺔ :ﻟﻘﻴﻪ ﺑﻮﺟﻪ ﻃﻠـﻖ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺳﻴﺪﺍٓ :ﺍﳌﻜﻠﺴﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ
ﻣﻘﺒﻼً ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﻄﻴﻔﺎً ﻓﺮﺣﺎً ﺑﻪ. ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٤
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﺶ ﺑﻮﭼّﻮ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺸﺎﺷﺖ. ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺑْﺴﻴﺖ ﲟﻌـﲎ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺸﺒﺶ. ﺍﺣﺘﻘﺮﺕ ،ﺃﻭ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺳﻴﺖ )ﺍﺳـﻢ ﺷـﺨﺺ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﺣﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﺍﺩ. )ﺣﻠﺐ.(٨٥
١١٧
ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻬﺎ :ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺗﺒﺸﺒﺶ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒْﺸﺎﺭﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒِﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒُﺸـﺎﺭﺓ :ﺍﳋـﱪ
ﻭﻻ ﺻﻠﺔ ﻟﺒﺸﺒﺸﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ))ﺑَﺸـﺒﺶ(( ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺡ ،ﻣﺎ ﺑُﺸّﺮﺕ ﺑﻪ ،ﻣﺎ ﻳُﻌﻄﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺒﺸﱢﺮ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻄﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳّﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺑَﻠّﻞ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺸﺎﺋﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﻬﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﳍﻤـﺰﺓ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺒِﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﺃﻭﻟﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺸْﺖ :ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺑﺪﻭ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒِﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ :ﺍﻹﳒﻴﻞ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺼﲑﺓ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻛﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﲑﺓ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑِﺸﺎﺭﺕ.
ﺟﻠﺪ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ،ﻻ ﺗﺼﺒﻎ ،ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﺓ ﻓﻘﻂ ،ﻭﻇﲏ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ALVICARAS :
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘُﻮﺵ :ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺱ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺷﻴﺔ – ﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑۤﺴْﺮٔﻩ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺸﺮَﻯ.
ﺑﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺒِﻲ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺑﻨﻚ ﳒﺢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺺ ﻫﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺎﺭﺓ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻮﺗﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒَﺸّﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒْﺸﻴۤﺸﲑﺓ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔَﺮَﺍﺷﺔ،
ﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻷﺎ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻋﻤﻬﻢ – ﺗﺒﺸﺮ ﺑـﺎﳋﲑ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﺸﺘٕﻜﻬﺎ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺮﻗﺺ ﻋﺎﻟﺒَﺸﺘٕﻜﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺸﻴﺸﲑﺓ ﺗﺼﻐﲑ .....ﻟﻠﺒﺸّﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﺳﺘٔﺎﺭْﺩٔﻩ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ BASTARDA :ﲟﻌﲎ: ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺸّﻮﺭﺓ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ. ـﺎﺭﺓ
ـﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺸّـ
ـﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﻣﺘـ
ـﻦ ﺗﺸـ
]ﻣـ
ﺃﻱ ﺭﻗﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﲢﺮﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺡ. ):ﺃﺳﺮﻉ(.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺭﻗﺼـﻬﺎ :ﺑَﺸـﺘٕﻚ ﺑَﺸـﺘﻚ
ﺑَﺸﺘﻜﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻳﻔﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺼﺔ :ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻘـﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒَﺸﺎﻋٔﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ.
ﻛﻞ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ،ﰒ ﺛﲏ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﰲ ))ﻫﺎ(( ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﺩﻭﺍﻟﻴـﻚ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺸﺎﻋﺖ.
ﻣﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻴﻤﲔ ﻭﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻟﻠﻴﺴﺎﺭ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺮﺍﺕ ﻳﻌﺎﻗﺒﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﳜﺴﺮ ﰲ ﺇﺣـﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺒَﺸﺒﺎﺷۤﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺶ ﰲ ﻭﺟﻬـﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(،
ﻟﻌﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺮﺓ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﻗﺺ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺸـﺘﻜﻬﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﳝﺔ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺗﻔـﺮﺡ ﺑﻠﻘﻴـﺎ
ﺇﻳﻘﺎﻉ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﻭﺗـﺮﺩﺍﺩﻫﻢ :ﺑﺸـﺘﻚ ﺑﺸـﺘﻚ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻒ.
ﺑﺸﺘﻜﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒۤﺸْﺒٕﺮْﻟِﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﳋﻤﺲ ﺁﺣﺎﺩ،
ﺑَﺸْﺘِﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺸﺘِﻲ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻳﺸـﻮﻓﻮ ﺎﳊﺎﻟۤـﺔ: ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺗﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﳋﻤـﺲ
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺸﺘﻬﻲ ﺃﻱ :ﺃﺷﺘﻬﻲ. ﻟﲑﺍﺕ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻳﺰﻳّﻦﱠ ﺟﻴﺪﻫﻦ ﺎ ﺟﺎﻋﻠﲔ ﳍـﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺸﺨﻨﺠﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺵ ﺧـﺎﳒﻲ :ﺭﺋـﻴﺲ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ ﻳﻨﻀﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺒﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺭﲟﺎ ﲰﻮﻫﺎ :ﺍﳌﺨﻤّﺴﺔ.
ﺃﺭﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳋﺎﻧﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺫﻭ ﺷﺄﻥ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺨﻨﺠﻲ. ﺑَﺸْﺒَﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﺎ ﻭﺑﺸﺒۤﺶ ﻋﻴﻮﻧﻚ ﺎﳌﻨﺎﻇﺮ
ﺍﻟﺒَﺸٔﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳋﻠْﻖ ،ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ) ،ﻳﺜﻨّﻰ ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﻟﻪ ﺍﳊﻠﻮۤﺓ .ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺶّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ –
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ﺍﻟﺒٕﺸۤﺮﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ :ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺨﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺸَﺮﻳّﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺐ ﰲ ﻣﺸﻂ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﻛﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺸﺮ ﻭﺑَﺸَﺮِﻱ ﻭﺑﺸﺮﻳﺖ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮْﺑۤﺮﺍٓ :ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺸﻂ] :ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ)) :ﭘُﺸـﺖ(( ﺃﻭ
))ﭘﻮﺷﺖ(( ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ ،ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ٦ﺹ ١ﻭ :۲٣ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻱ.
ﺍﳊﻘﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺿﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﻓﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺌﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﳌﺨﻨّـﺚ ﺑَﺸٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﻠۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳉﻮﺯۤﺓ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻳّۤـﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌِﻠﻖ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﻨﻴﲔ ﺍﻷﺧﲑﻳﻦ. ﺑﺎﳌﺒﺸﺮﺓ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺸﺮﻩ :ﻗﺸﺮ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎﳌِﻘﺸﺮﺓ ،ﺃﺧـﺬ
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﺑﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ))ﻧۤﻪ(( – ﺑﺸﺮﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺸﻄﻨۤﺔ. ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﺸﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ.
ﺑَﺸّٔﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺸّﺮﻩ :ﺃﺧﱪﻩ ﲟﺎ ﻳَﺴﺮّﻩ ﻓﺎﻧﺒﺴـﻄﺖ
ﰒ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼـﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﳌْﺒَﺸـﻄٔﻦ ﺑَﺸَﺮﺓ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ.
ﻭﺗﺒﺸﻄﻦ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺸﲑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ.
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ.BASTARDO : ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺸّﺮْﱐ :ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﺻﺤﺘﻚ؟.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺸْﻄﻤﺎﻥ :ﺍﳌﺌﺰﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻱ ﺍﳌﻘﺼﺐ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺸّۤﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺗﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺘﻞ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺑﻌـﺪ
ﻳﺄﺗﺰﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺎﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻁ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺱ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗـﺄﺗﺰﺭ ﺣﲔ) .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻧﺬﺭﻩ ،ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺸـﲑ ﻟﻨﻜﺘـﺔ
ﺑﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻴﺎﺕ. ﺑﻼﻏﻴﺔ(.
ﲰّﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻄﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﺗﻄﻮﻝ ﻳﺪﻫﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺷﺮﺍﺋﻪ
ﺣﺴﺪﺍً ،ﺇﺫ ﺇﻥ ))ﺑﺸﻄﻤﺎﻥ(( ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺸـﻂ(( ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣـﺔ، ﺍﻟﺒٕﺸْﺮٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﺸﺮﻯ :ﺍﻟﺒِﺸﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ))ﻣَﺎﻥ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﺸَﺮ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑۤﺴْﺮَﻩ )ﺑﺎﻟﺴﲔ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺸۤﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺸِﻊ :ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸـﺒﻬﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺎﻋﺔ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ .ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺸِﻌﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ ﰒ ﺍﻟﺒَﺸْﺮٔﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ)) :ﭘَﺸْﺮَﻭْ(( ﺃﻭ ))ﭘﻴﺸْﺮَﻭ(( ،ﻋﻦ
ﺳﻜّﻨﻮﺍ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻟﺒٕﺸْﻌﺔ. ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﺑﻴﺶ(( :ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ،ﻗﺪّﺍﻡ ،ﻭ))ﺭَﻭْ(( – ﻭﺗﻠﻔـﻆ
))ﺭﭪ(( :ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻤﻌﲎ ))ﭘﻴﺸـﺮَﻭ((:
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺸِﻌﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﺸِﻌﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ ﰒ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ ،ﺍﳍﺎﺩﻱ ،ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻄﻠﻴﻌﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﺖ
ﺳﻜّﻨﻮﺍ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺯﺍﺩﻭﺍ :ﺍﻟﺒٕﺸﻌﺎﻥ. ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺟﺎﺭﺗْﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺟﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔُ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻷﺑﺸﻊ ،ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺸﻊ ،ﺗﺒﺸﻊ ،ﺗﺒﺎﺷﻊ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻑ ﺍﳉﻤـﺎﻋﻲ
ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﳊﻔﻠﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻜْﻮﻳﺴۤﺔ ﻛْﻮﻳﺴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻴﻘۤﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﻣﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒٕﺸﻌﺔ ﺑٕﺸﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻠﻌﺔ ﲪّﺎﻣﺎ ،ﺑٕﻨﺘﻚ ﺑٕﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻌﺘﺎ، ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺎﺭﻑ ،ﻭﺗﻌﺘـﺰّ ﳎﻤﻮﻋـﺔ
ﻛﻨﺘﻚ ﺑﺸﻌﺔ ﺿﺮﺑﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻰ ﻋﻨّﺎ ،ﺳﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺴـﺔ ﰲ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﺎﰐ ﺑﺎﺣﺘﻮﺍﺋﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻷﺎ ﻣﻈﻬﺮ
)ﻋﻘﺐ( ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻌﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻭﺑﻀﺪﻫﺎ ﺗﺘﻤﻴّﺰ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ(. ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﺍﻷﺩﱏ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﺸّﻒ ﻭﺍﺣۤﺪ ﻭﭼّـﻮ ﺃﻭ ﺑٔﺸْﻘٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺷْﻘٔﻪ :ﻏـﲑ ،ﺍﳌﻐـﺎﻳﺮ،
ﺇﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﺑﺒﺸﻜﲑ ﻏﲑﻭ ﺑﺼﲑ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗٓﻦ ﻋﺪﺍﻭۤﺓ. ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ،ﺍﳌﻔﺎﺭﻕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳّۤﺲ ﺑﺸﻘﻪ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻠـﺪﻱ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﺸﻠۤﻚ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﺑﺸﻘﻪ.
ﲬﺴﺔ ﻗﺮﻭﺵ. ـﺜﲑﺓ
ـﺖ ﻛـ ـﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻵﻥ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧــﻞ ﺍﺳـ ﻭﻗـ
ﺿﺮﺏ ﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺓ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺴـﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺳـﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﻭﺑﻌﻴﺪﻩ ،ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﳌـﺂﻣﲑ
ﺍﻷﻭﻝ. ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺒﺎﻁ.
ﰒ ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻠﻚ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﳏﻤـﻮﺩ
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ ،ﻭﺿﺮﺑﺘﻪ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ ،ﻭﻫﺒﻄﺖ ﻭﺃﺣﺼﻮﺍ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺲ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٣٢ﺑﺸﻘﺔ ،ﻓﻘـﺎﻝ
ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺯﻭﺍﻟﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺷﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈـﺮ ﳎﻠـﺔ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭ :ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻦ ﻣﺴـﻘّﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺸـﻘﺎﺕ ،ﻗـﺎﻝ
ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﺱ ١ﺹ :۲٥٩ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻠﻚ. ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﺸﻘﻪ ﻭﻫﺪﻳﻚ ﺑﺸﻘﻪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ
ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻐﺎﻳﺮ ﻟﻶﺧﺮ ،ﻓﺄﺟﺎﺑـﻪ ﻣﺘﻨـﺪﺭ :ﺻـﺎﺭﻭﺍ
ﺑَﺸَﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻷﻛﻞ ﺑﺒﺸـﻤﻚ ،ﻭﺍﻣﺒﺎﺭﺣـﺔ ﺑﺸﻘﺘﲔ.
ﻛﻨﺖ ﻣﺒﺸﻮﻡ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﺸﻤۤﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻔﺎﺭﻗﻚ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺸِﻢ :ﺃﲣﻢ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺑٔﺸْﻜٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺷﻮﰲ ﺿـﻌﻴﻒ ﺑﺒﺸـﻜﺮ
ﻣﺘﻌﺪﻳﺔ. ﺑﺸﻜﺮﺓ .ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ)) :ﺑﻮٓﺵ(( :ﺍﻟﻌﺪﱘ ،ﺍﳋﺎﱄ ،ﻣـﺎﻻ
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﺸﻢ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ. ﺭﺍﺩّﺓ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭ))ﮔﻮﺭ(( ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ))ﮔﻮﺭﻣـﻚ(( :ﺍﻟﻨﻈـﺮ،
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓْﺸَﻢ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ. ﺍﻟﺮﺅﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻤﻌﲎ ))ﺑﺸـﻜﺮ(( :ﺍﻟﻌـﺪﱘ ﺍﻟﻨﻈـﺮ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﻀﻌﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ .ﺃﻭ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ))ﺷﺒﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺷﺒﻜﺮﺓ((
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ﺍﻟﺒْﺸﻴﺸﲑٔﺓ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺎﺭﺓ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٥
ﺍﻟﺒْﺸﻴﻤۤﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳌَﺸﻴﻤﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻏﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﻟـﺪ ﺑْﺸَﻨْﺪﻻﻳﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠـﺐ[ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟـﺐ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﳜﺮﺝ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﻻﺩﺗﻪ. ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺷﻨﺪﻟﻴﺎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ
ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺩﻓﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﻜْﻔﻴﺘۤﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٥
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺧﻮﺩ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﺸﻴﻤﺔ ﻋﻨّﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ
ﻭﻳﺆﺧﺬ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺎ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺻﺨﺮﻱ ﻋـﺎﻝ ﻻ
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻆ.
ﻳﺘﻴﺴﺮ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻃﺊ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻴـﺪ ﺑـﺄﻛﺜﺮ
ﲰﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻴﻤﺔ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺸـﻴﻤﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﱂ ﺗﻄـﺮﺡ
ﻣﻦ٦۰ﻛﻢ.
ﻗﺘﻠﺖ.
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ﺍﳉﺎﺭﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻇﺮﺓ. ﺑٔﺼّٔﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺟﺪّﻱ ﺷﻮٓﻓﻮٓ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺑْﺒٔﺼﱢـﻲ
ﺗٕﺒْﺼﺎٔﻱ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺒﺼﺮ ﺑﻀَﻌﻒ .ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻰ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺼﺮ ﻭﺑﺼَﺮِﻱ ﻭﺑﺼﺮﻳّﺎﺕ. ﺑﺺّ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻧﻈﺮ ،ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗٕﻔﻌﺎﻝ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﰲ :ﺑﺼﺮﻳﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼّٔﺎﺭﺓ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺼّﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺼﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻠﻤﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ ﺧﻄﻒ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺗﺄﻣﻞ ،ﻭﺃﺭﺍﺩﻭﺍ ﺎ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻜﺸﻒ
ﻭﺭﮔﺪ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﻤﺸﻮﻩ. ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺨﺖ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻄٔﻔٔﺮ ﺑﻌﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗـﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺎﻁ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﻁ.
ﺍﻟﻘَﺪَﺭ ﺑﻌﻤَﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ )ﺃﻭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﺰﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎ ﻋﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ(.
ﺑٔﺼْﺒٔﺺ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲡﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻳّﺔۤ ﻛﻨّﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺷﺎﻳۤﻒ
ﺑٔﺼّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺼّﺮﺕ ﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﺼّﺎﺭﺓ. ﺷِﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﺪﻭٓﻡ ﺑْﺒٔﺼﺒۤﺺ ﻋﺎﳉﲑﺍﻥ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻔﺎﺀ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺎﺭﺓ. ﺑﺼﺒﺺ ﺍﳉﺮﻭ :ﻓﺘﺢ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ .ﺃﻭ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔـﻊ ﻣـﻦ
ﺑﺺ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑْﺼٔﺮْﺗﻮﻥ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑْﺼﺮﺗﻮﻥ :ﻗَﻠّﻠﺘﻢ ،ﺣﻘّﺮﰎ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼْﺒﻮﺹ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻔﺘﻮ ﺑﺒﺼـﺒﻮﺹ ﻋـﻴﲏ،
ﺷﻠﺤﺖ) .ﺣﻠﺐ.(٦٤ ﻭﻫﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﺑﺼﺒﻮﺹ ﻋﻴﻨﺎ ﺩﺍﺏ ﻭﻫﻴّۤﻪ ﺑﺘﺒﻜﻲ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍٕﺑﻨـﺎ
ﺍﳌﺎﺕ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻮﻉ ﻣـﻦ ﺑـﺺ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﻧﻈـﺮ،
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼْﺮٔﺓ :ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ،ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺆﺑُﺌﻬﺎ.
))ﺑَﺲْ(( :ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ،ﻭ))ﺭٔﻩ(( :ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻱ :ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻄـﺮﻕ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺺ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻧﻈﺮ.
ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑﺓ ،ﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ:
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼْﺒﻮﺻﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸـﻘﻒ ﻭﻻ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﺧﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﺓ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﺑﺼﺒﻮﺻﺔ ،ﻭﺷﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺁﺧﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﺑﺼﺒﻮﺻﺔ ﺳﺮﺍۤﺝ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻥ( ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻮﺻـﻞ ﻟﺘﺘﻮﻧّﺲ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺺّ ﲟﻌﲎ ﳌﻊ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ(( :ﻟﻠﻤﺜﻞ ﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻌﻮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﺛﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻴﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﺓ، ﻭﺑﺮﻕ.
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﰲ ))ﺧﺮﺍﺏ(( ﺭﺃﻳﺎً ﻟﻐﲑﻩ) .ﻭﺳﺎﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜـﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺺ ﲟﻌﲎ ﳌﻊ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ(. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﺮﺑﻮﺻﻴﺘﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺭ.
ﰲ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ(( ﺝ ١ﺹ ٣٩ﻋﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺑﺼﺒﻮﺻـﺔ ﺃﻣـﻞ )ﺃﻭ
ﺳﻮﻓﺎﺟﺔ ﺹ :٢۰٤ﺳﻨﺔ ١٦٨۰ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﺓ ﺑﺼﻴﺺ ﺃﻣﻞ( ،ﻭﻫﻠّـﻖ ﺑـﻴّﻦ ﺑﺼﺒﻮﺻـﺔ ﺃﻣـﻞ )ﺃﻭ
ﻭﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﮕﻠﻴﺰ ﻭﺍﻹﻓﺮﻧﺴﻴﲔ ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﻌـﺎﺵ ﺑﺼﻴﺺ.(...
ﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻠﺚ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﻳّﺎﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﻓﺮﻉ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼٔﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ :ﺣـﺲّ ﺍﻟﻌـﲔ،
ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺎﺕ ﻳﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻭﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ.
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ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼٔﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺒﻘﻴﺔ ،ﳛﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﺼْﻂ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻂ.
ﺯﻳﺘﺎً ﻃﻴﺎﺭﺍً ﺣﺮّﻳﻔﺎً ﺫﺍ ﻧﻜﻬﺔ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ
ﳚﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﻠﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﻢ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﺫﻭ ﻃﺒﻘـﺎﺕ، ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼْﻄٕﺮﻣٔﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻄﺮﻣﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺻﺪﻳﺮﻣٔﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﻻ ﲢﺼﻰ ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻀﻎ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ ﳓﻮ ﲬـﺲ ﭘﺎﺻﺪﻳﺮﻣٔﻪ ﺃﻭ ﭘﺎﺳﻄﺮﻣٔﻪ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﳌﻀﻐﻮﻁ ،ﺍﳌﻜﺒـﻮﺱ،
ﺩﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﻛﻔﻴﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲨﻴﻊ ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔـﻢ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺨﺬ ﻭﻳﻘـﺪّﺩ
ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺛﻴﻢ .ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺒـﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﻠﻄﺎﺕ، ﻣﺪﻫﻮﻧﺎً ﺑﺎﳌﻠﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻼﻓﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﻤﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﭽﻤﻦ.
ﻭﻣﻘﺒّﻼً ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻔـﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﳊﻤـﺺ، ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿـﺎ)) :ﺍﻟﻮﺷـﻴﻖ((،
ﻭﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ ﻭﻏـﲑﻩ ﻓﻴﻜـﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﻮﺍﻅ، ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺷﻴﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺷﻴﻘﺔ :ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﻳﻘﻄـﻊ ﻃـﻮﻻً ﻭﳚﻔّـﻒ
ﻭﺣﺸﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺐ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺒﻮﺳﻚ ،ﻭﻳﻄﺒﺦ ﻣـﻊ ﻟﻴﺤﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﺎﺭ.
ﺍﳊﻤﺺ ﻟﻴﻀﺎﻓﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﻜﺴﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻠﻰ ﻓﻴﺬﺭ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﺪﺭﺓ .ﻭﺃﺿﺎﻓﲏ ﺷﻴﺦ ﻛﺮﺩﻱ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺼـﻞ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﱳ(( ﰲ ﺣـﺮﻑ ﺍﳌـﻴﻢ ﻛﻠﻤـﺔ
ﳛﺸﻰ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﺳﺎ ،ﻭﻳﻄﺒﺦ ﺃﺧﻀﺮﻩ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ))ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻮﺩ(( :ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻮﺩ ﻣﻮﻟّﺪ :ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ))ﻧَﻤَﺴـﻜﻮﺩ((،
ﺑﻌﻈﻤﻪ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ :ﺍﻟﺸٕﻮّﺍۤﺩﺳﺖ. ﻭﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﳌﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﳌﻤﻠّﺢ ،ﰒ ﺧﺼﻮﺍ ﺑـﻪ
ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺍﳌﻘﺪّﺩ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺑﺎﺻﺪﻳﺮﻣﻪ ،ﻭﻋﻨـﺪ
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒﺼـﻠۤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼـﻼﻱ، ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﺑﺼﻄﺮﻣﻪ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼﻼﻳۤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼﻄﻴﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘَﺴﺘﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﭘَﺴْـﺪﻳﻞ ،ﻭﰲ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﺼَﻞ. ﻋﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺣﻠـﺐ:
ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻴﻚ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﻔﻒ ﻋﺼﲑ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﻛﻪ،
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺼْﻼٓ ﻭﺑۤﺼْﻼٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ: ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮﺩﻳﻦ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺻﻔﺎﺋﺢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ ﺍﻔﻒ
ﺑَﺼْﻼَ ﻭﺑۤﺼْﻼَ. ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :ﻳﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺴﻲ ﰒ ﻳﻐﻠﻰ ،ﻭﳝﺰﺝ
ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺸﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﲔ ،ﰒ ﻳﻔﺮﺵ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺧـﺎﻡ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺛﻮﺭﻳﺔ BASALU :ﺃﻭ .BASRU ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﻳﺼﻘﻞ ﲟﺎﰿ ﺧﺸﱯ ،ﻭﻳﺘﺮﻙ ﻣـﺪﺓ ﻟﻴﺠـﻒ،
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻷﺛﻮﺭﻳﺔ. ﻓﻴﻘﻠﺐ ﺍﳋﺎﻡ ﻭﻳﻨﺪﱠﻯ ﻗﻔﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﻳﻘﻠﻊ ،ﻭﻳـﺬﺭ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝـﺔ ﻣﻘﺪﺳـﺎً ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎ ﻭﻳﻄﺒﻖ ﻣﻄﻮﻳﺎً ﻟﻴﺒﺎﻉ ﻟﻸﻛﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻌﻨﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ.
ﻭﻳﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲔ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺷﻮﻫﺪ ﻃﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﺜﺚ ﺍﶈﻨﻄﺔ ﻟﻴﻨﺒﻪ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ ﺑﺼﻨﻌﻪ ﻛﻠّﺲ ﻭﻋﻨﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﻣﺮﻋﺶ.
ﺍﳉﺴﺪ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻋﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﺲ. ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻐﺰّﻱ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳـﻢ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻨـﻬﺮ(( ﺝ١
١٢٣
)ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﺃﻭﺻﻰ ﺳﻘﺮﺍﻁ ﺑﺄﻛـﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺼـﻞ ﰲ ﻭﻟﻴﻤـﺔ
ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ(. ﺃﻛﺴﺘﻮﻓﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﱪﻯ.
ﻳﺎ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻠﺔ ﻭﻗﺸﺮﺗﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻮﺑﻚ ﻏـﲑ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﰲ ]ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ[ :ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ
ﺻﻨﺘﺎ. ﲞﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﻭﻯ ﺣﺴﻨﺔ ﻋﺮﻭﺡ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻭﺃٕﻣﻮ ﻭﻋﺰﻡ ﺍﳌﻘﺮﻳّۤـﺔ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻠﺔ ﻭﺑﻜﺐّ ﻭﻃﺒﺦ ﻟﻦ ﻋﺪﺱ ﻭﺑﺼﻞ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﺼۤـﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﻳـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﲟﻮﺗﻮ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻭﺃﻣﻮ. ﺗﻔﻀﻠﻮﺍ ﺗﻔﻀﻠﻮﺍ ﻋﺎﻟﻌﺸﺎ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﺗﻔﻀﻠﻮﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﺃﻋﺪﺳﻮﺍ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ! ﻋﺒّﻲ ﺍﳉﺮّﺓ ،ﻗﺸّـﺮ ﻭﺃﺑﺼﻠﻮﺍ ﻳﺮﲪﻜﻢ ﺍﷲ.
ﺑﺼﻞ ،ﻣﺎ ﺑﺼﻞ ،ﻗﺸّﺮ ﺗﻮﻡ ،ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻮﻡ ،ﻗـﻮﻡ ﺗﻌﺸﱠـﻰ،
ﻳﺎﺍﷲ!. ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﻳﺮﺣﻢ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﻳﻄﺒﺦ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺯ ﺩﻳﺎﻛﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﳓﻦ ﺍﻵﻥ ﰲ ﺳـﻨﺔ ١٨٩٢
ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻛﻞ ﲬﺲ ﺗﺮﻃـﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱐ ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻫـﺎﺩﺍ
ﲝﻤﺮﺍ ،ﻭﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺒـﺎﻳﻊ :ﻻ ﻳٔـﺎ، ﻋﺸﺎﻛﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻳﻠﺤﻘﻚ ﺑﺄﺑﺎﻛﺎ.
ﺭﺍﻋﻴﻨﺎ ﺷﻮﻱ. ﻭﻧﻈﺮ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﳝﺔ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﺑﺘﺎﻛـﻞ ﻣـﻦ
ﻫﺎﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺇﻻ )ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﻴﻚ ﻭﻫﻴﻚ( ﰲ ﳊﺎﻛﺎ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ ﺍﳊﻤﺼﻲ ﰲ ﺧﻄﺒﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ: ﻭﻳﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻬﺪ ﻳﺄﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ
ﺍﺟﺘﻬﺪﻭﺍ – ﺭﲪﻜﻢ ﺍﷲ – ﺑﺄﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻮﻡ ،ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻬﻮﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺧﺒﺰ ﻭﺑﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ.
ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻡ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺝ ١١ﺹ.٥٧
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺃۤﻳﻨﺎ ﻓﺤﻞ ﻣﻨﺒﻜﻲ ﳌﺎ ﻣﻨـﺪﲝﻮ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﻓﺤﻠﲔ ﺑﺼﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺱ
)ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ(. ﲝﺎﻣﺾ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﺤﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ١٧ﺹ ٤١۲ﻭﺱ ١۲١ﺹ.۲٥٨ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺳﺎﻭﻯ ﻟﻨـﺎ ﺑـﺎﻟﺮﺯ ﺑﺼـﻞ
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ :ﺱ ١۲ﻋﺪﺩﻩ ٦٤ﺹ.١٣ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻧﺰﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺨﺔ ،ﻷـﻢ ﻻ ﻳﻄﺒﺨـﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـﺮﺯ
ﺑْﺼﻠّﻲ ﻟَﻮَﺭَﺍ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﲰﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺸﺮﺓ ﺗﻄﲑ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﺒّٔﺔ( ،ﻛﺴﺮ ﻋﺄﻧﻔﻮ ﺑﺼﻠۤﺔ )ﺃﻱ :ﺃﺫﻟﻪ(.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﺑﺎﺑﺔ ،ﻭﳍﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺆﺧﺮﺎ ﺫﻳـﻞ ﺃﺳـﻮﺩ ﺗﺮﻓﻌـﻪ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻴـﻮﻝ[ :ﺑﺼـﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺰْﺩﻳـﻖ
ﻭﲣﻔﻀﻪ ،ﻓﺘﺨﻴﻠﻮﺍ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ﺭﻛﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺼـﻼﺓ، ﺧﺎﺭﻭﻑ.
ﻓﺴﻤﻮﻫﺎ ﻫﻜﺬﺍ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﺼﻼ ﻛـﻮﻝ ﻣـﻦ
ﺑٔﺼٔﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺻﻤﻖ :ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺲ ،ﺍﻟﻀـﻐﻂ، ﺑﺼﻼ.
ﻭﺧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺃﻭ ﻃﺒﻌﻪ )ﻷﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺲ( .ﻭﺫﻛـﺮﻩ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻛﺴﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ.
))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺑَﺼَﻼﺕ ﳏﻤﺪ )ﻳﻮﳘﻮﻥ ﺃﻢ
))ﻣـﻖ(( ﻭﺟﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ ))ﺑﺎﺹ(( ،ﺃﻣـﺎ ﳛﻠﻔﻮﻥ :ﺑْﺼﻼﺓ ﳏﻤﺪ(.
ﻓﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ،ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﻭﺃﻣﻚ ﺍﻟﺘـﻮﻡ،
))ﺑـﺎﺹ(( :ﻛـﺒﺲ ﻭﺿﻐﻂ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬـﻢ ﻟـﻢ ﻣﻨـﲔ ﺍٕﺟﺘـﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﳛـﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻴـﺒﺔ؟ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻴﺸـﻮﻡ
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ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ)) :ﺑﺼﻤﺎ ﺑﺼﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻤﺎ((. ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻫﺎ ﻭﻇﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑﺼﻢ.
ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﺗﱪﺉ ﺍﻷﻛﻤﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻭﻟﻠﻜﻨﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻤﻪ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺑﺼﻤﺎﺀ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﲰﻦ ﺳَﺮَﻯ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺼﻢ ،ﻭﺑﺼﻢ ﻗَـﺪَﻡ ،ﺣٕﻔۤـﻆ
ﻗﺪ ﺣﺎﺯﺕ ﻟﻮﺯﺍً ﻭﺳﻜﺮﺍ ﺩﺭﺳﻮ ﺑﺼْﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺼﻢ ﻗﺎﻟۤﺐ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ)) :ﺑﺼﻤﺎﺀ ﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺎﺏ((.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ)) :ﺑﺼﻤﺎﺀ ﻧﻔﺤﺎﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﻛﺎﻟﻌﻄﺮ((. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺼﻤﻪ ﻭﺑﺼﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﻭﺑﺼﻤﻪ ﺟﻲ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ)) :ﺣﻴّﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﺀً ﻟﻨﺎ ﺑﺼﻤﺎﺀُ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺴﻒ((.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ)) :ﰲ ﻟﻮﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺼﻤﺎ ﺗﺒﺪﻯ.((.. ﺑٔﺼْﻤٔﻪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﻨﺎﻓۤﺔ ﺑﺼﻤﻪ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻣﻀـﻐﻮﻁ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺣﻴّﺖ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﺀﻭﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺤﻬﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﻨﺎﻓﺔ.
ﺑﺼﻤﺎﺀ ﻛﺎﻟﺸﻤﻮﺱ
ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ))ﺑﺎﺻﻤﻪ(( :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ)) :ﺑﺼﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﺎﻣﺎ.((..
ﺑﺎﺻﻤﻖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺼﻢ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ)) :ﺑﺼﻤﺎﺀ ﺣُﻔّﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻄﺮِ((.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﺎ :ﺑﺼﻤﺎ ،ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻜﻨﺎﻓﺔ
ﺑٔﺼْﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﺎﺑۤﻊ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﻮﻳﺚ ﺇﺻﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻤﺎ.
ﺑﺎﳌﺪﺍﺩ ،ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺇﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺮﻯ ،ﻭﻃﺒﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟـﻮﺭﻕ
ﻛﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ)) :ﻳﺎ ﺻﺪﺭ ﺑﺼﻤﺎ! ﻛﻢ
ﻗﻴﻞ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴـﻊ ﺑﺒﺼـﻤﺔ ﺑﺮﺯﺕُ ﳊﺮﺑﻪ(( )ﺃﻭ ))ﺃُﺣﺎﺭﺑﻪ(( ﰲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺁﺧﺮ(.
ﺍﻷﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﰒ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮ. ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ)) :ﺃﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﺎﳉﱭ ﺟﺌﺖ ﳏﻤّﺮﺍ((.
ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺒﺼﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻳﺎ ﺻُﺪﻳﺮﺍً ﺣﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﺼﻤﺎ
ﺳﻨﺔ ،١٨٩١ﻭﻋﺮﻑ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﻧﻔﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻛﻠـﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻔِﻲ ﺣﻖّ ﺳﻌﻴﻚ ﺍﳌﺸﻜﻮﺭِ
ﺑﺼﻤﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﺸﺎﺘﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺧﻄﻮﻃﻬﻤﺎ. ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺻﺪﺭ ﺑﺼﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺑﺮﻣﺎﺀ ﳘﺎ
ﰲ ﺳﺒﺎﻕ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺱ ﺭﻫﺎﻥ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺼﻮﺹ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﻄﺒﺎﻉ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻗﻢ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺪﳝﻲ! ﻓﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻤﺎ ُﺀ
ﺃﻧﺎﻣﻠﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﺭ ﻭﳓﻮﳘﺎ. ﺣﻴّﺖ ﻓﻤﺎ ﱄ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻏﻨﺎﺀُ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٥٩ﺹ.٥١٦ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ)) :ﺑﺼﻤﺎ ﲜﱭ ﺣﻜﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔَ ﻭﲰﻦٍ((.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻭﺑﺼﻤﺎﺀ ﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﲢﺖ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺟﻰ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼْﻤﻪ ﺟﻲ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﻳﻄﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻷﺑـﻴﺾ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﻠﻠﺖ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻄﺮِ
ﺑﺄﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻭﺃﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻄﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺑﻘﺎﻟﺐ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺣﻴّﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﺀً ﺗﻨﺠﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺪﺭ
ﻣﻐﻤﻮﺱ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻚ ﻓﻴﺜﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ،ﰒ ﻳﺼـﺒﻎ
ﺑﺼﻤﺎﺀُ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻦُ ﺃﺿﺤﻰ ﳚﺮﻱ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ،ﰒ ﻳﻠﻘﻰ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﱄ ﻓﻴﺬﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻚ ﻭﻳﺒﻘـﻰ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻳﺎ ﺻﺪﺭ ﺑﺼﻤﺎ! ﺷﺬﺍﻙ ﻓﺎﺣﺎ
ﲢﺘﻪ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺳﺎﺋﺮﻩ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻚ ﺟﱭ ﻟﻌﻴﲏ ﻻﺣﺎ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻗﺪّﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻤﺎ ﲜﱭ ﻓﺎﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﺟﻦّ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﺭﻥّ
ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻤﻪ ﺟﻲ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺑﺼﻤﺎﺀ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﻗﺪ ﻛﻠﻠﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻄﺮ
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]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻴّﻦ ﺑْﺼﻴﺺ ﺿﻮّ. ﺍﻟﺒﺼّﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻄﻴﻨﺎ ﺑﺼّﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺑﺼّﺔ ﻧﺎﺭ :ﺃﺷﺎﺭ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺺ. ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( ﺇﱃ ﺃﺎ ﻋﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻋﺮﺑﻴّﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻮﺓ :ﺍﳉﻤﺮﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼّﻴﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺺّ(( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻧﻈﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓَﻌّﻴﻞ، ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ(( :ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﺩ ﺑﺼـﻮﺓ ،ﺃﻱ:
ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺎﺯ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻞ :ﺑـﺈﻃﻼﻕ ﺷﺮﺭﺓ ﻭﻻ ﲨﺮﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﳍﺎﻣّﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﰲ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﻧﻘـﻮﺩﻫﻢ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻴﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﻭﺃﺧﺬﻫﺎ. ﻭﻟﻨﺎ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺔ
ﻭﻋﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﺎﻣﻴﺔ :ﺃﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻌﻞ ))ﺑﺺﱠ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﳌﻊ؟
ﺍﻟﺒٔﺾّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﳉﻠﺪ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﻠﺊ ،ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻋﻢ ﺍﳉﺴﺪ. – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺺ – ﰒ ﺃﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ))ﺑﺺ(( ))ﺍﻟـﺒﺺّ((؟ ﰒ
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺔ. ﺃﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺼّﺔ؟ ﻓﺎﻟﺒﺼـﺔ ﻋﺮﺑﻴـﺔ
ﻛﺎﻟﻀَﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﳍَﺰﱠﺓ ﻻ ﻋﺎﻣﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒِﻀﺎﻋﺔ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻀـﺎﻋﺔ: ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﺼـﻴﺺ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻌﺔ ،ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﺘّﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ .ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ ﺍﻟﺒَﻀـﺎﺋﻊ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺑﺼّٔﺎﻱ ﻭﺑﺼّٔﺎﻳﺔ.
ﻳﺴﻬﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﳑﺎﻟﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻜﺴـﺮ ﺍﻟﺒـﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑۤﻠﺼﻮﺻﻴﺘﺎٓ :ﺑﺼﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭ ،ﻭﰲ
ﺑﺴﻜﻮﺎ. ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑۤﻠﺼﻮﺻﻴﺘَﺎ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻄﻴﻪ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﲑﺓ ﺑْﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﻓﻀﻮﺍ
ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﲬﺲ ﺟﻮﺍﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺼﺔ ﻧﺎﺭ.
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻨـﺖ ﺑْﻀـﺎﻋﺘﺎ ﻃﻴﺒـﺔ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺟﺴﻤﻬﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼﲑ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌُﺒﺼﺮ ،ﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﺼﲑﺓ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﺍﻟﺒُﺼﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒٕﺼﺮﺍ.
ﻛﺸﻔﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﺖ :ﺗﻌﺎ ﺗﻔﺮّﺝ
ﳐﺰﻥ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﻭﺑْﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻓﺮﺟﻴّۤﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ ﺃﻋﻤﻰ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺼﲑ،
ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﺑﺼﲑﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﻗﺼﲑﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻀْﻌﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻀﻌﺎﺕ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﺼﲑﺓ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻗﻮّﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﻛـﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ
ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﺐ :ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ( .ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑَﺼﺎﺋﺮ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻳﺴـﻬﻠﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻀٔﻼ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒُﻠﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲨﻊ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻴﺪ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﺼﲑﺕ.
ﻭﺃﺧﻄﺄ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺳﻴﺪﻱ ﰲ ))ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺳﻪ(( ﺇﺫ ﻗـﺎﻝ:
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒُﺬﻻﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻋﺎۤﻣﻲ ﺑﺼﺮﻭ ﻭﺑﺼﲑﺗﻮ.
ﻭﻣﺪﻟﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒُﻀﻼ :ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﳛﺴﻦ ﻋﻤﻼً ،ﺍﻟﻔـﺎﺗﺮ
ﺍﳍﻤﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻐﱯ. ﺍﻟﺒْﺼﻴﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺼﻴﺺ :ﺗﻸﻟﺆ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ.
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ﻟﻔﺎﺋﻒ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ .ﻭُﺿﻊ ﳍـﺎ: ))ﺑٓـﺪُﻭﻻٓ(( ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﭼﻟﱯ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ
ﺸﺤَﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﰊ ،ﻭﺍﳊﺎﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﻴﺔ.ﺍﳌِ ْ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻮﻩ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻀﻼ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّﺎﺵ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّـﺎﻝ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻀﻼ.
ﺑﻄﺶ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻀﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄٔﺎﻃٔﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﻪ :ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ: ﺍﻟﺒﻂّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻃﻴﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻄﲑ :ﻫـﺬﺍ
ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺎﺗۤﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘﺎٔﺗﺎٔﺗٔﻪ ﺃﻭ ﭘﺎٔﺗﺎٔﺗۤﺲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﺳـﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ: ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺟﻦ ﻣﻨﻪ ﲞﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﱪﻱ ﻓﻴﻄﲑ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻳﺬﻫﺒﻮﻥ
،PATATAﻋﻦ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﻫَﻴْﱵ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﲰّﺎﻫﺎ ﻟﺼﻴﺪﻩ ،ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻹﻭﺯّ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻋﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﳌﻨﻘﺎﺭ.
ﺇﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻱ ﻧﺰﻝ ﺿﻴﻔﺎً ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳍﻨـﻮﺩ ﺍﳊﻤـﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻩ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺔ ﻟﻸﻧﺜﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ.
ﻓﺄﻛﺮﻣﻮﻩ ﻭﻗـﺪﻣﻮﺍ ﻟـﻪ ﻓﺘـﺎﺓ ﻳﻀـﺎﺟﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﲰﻬـﺎ ﻭﲨﻌﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄّﺎﺕ.
،POTATOﻓﺄﻃﻌﻤﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ ﻓﺴﻤﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﺓ. ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻄّٓﺎ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻄﱠﺎ.
ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﺑﻞ ﺃﲰﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻹﺳـﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺴـﺘﻌﻤﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃـﺎ، ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻂ ﻭﺣﺸﻴﺎً ﻭﺃﻫﻠﻴﺎً.
ﻭﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ. ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮﺓ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻗﻄﺎﺭ.
ﻭﰲ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٥٨٨ﺃﺭﺳﻞ ﺳـﻔﲑ ﺇﺣـﺪﻯ ﺩﻭﻝ ﻭﺃﻧﺜﺎﻩ ﺗﺒﻴﺾ ﺳﻨﻮﻳﺎً ﻣﻦ ٦۰ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﺇﱃ.٢۰۰
ﺃﻣﲑﻛﺎ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺳﻠﺘﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﳊـﺪﺍﺋﻖ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺝ ١۰ﺹ.۲٣٦
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﰲ ﭬﻴﻴﻨﺎ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻋﻬﺎ. ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ.
ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺄﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﲔ ﻗﺪ ﺃﺟﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺑﻄﺎﻃﺎﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻄﺎﻃﺎﻳۤﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﻄّﺔ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺘﻐﻄّﻰ ،ﻓﺮﺥ ﺍﻟﺒﻂ ﺳﺒّﻴﺢ.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺲ.
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ـﺔ POTATO :ﺃﻭ PATATAﻋـ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـ ﺑٔﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﻴﻌﻄﻲ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺷٔـﻄّﻮ
ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﺑٔﻄّﻮ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺷﻂ – ﺃﻣﺎ ))ﺑﻂ(( ﻓﺈﺗﺒﺎﻉ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ PATATE :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ POTATO :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﻂْﺀ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻂﺀ :ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺧﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﻒ ،ﺛﻘﻞ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ POTATEN :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ،ﺿﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺫﳒﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ ،ﺟﺬﺭﻩ
ﺩﺭﱐ ،ﳛﻮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎ١٦,٠ﺣـﱴ ،٢٤,٠ﻣﺘﻮﺳـﻂ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄٔﺎﺭٔﻯ :ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄﺮﺍﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻐﲎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﭭﻴﺘﺎﻣﻴﻨﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ.
ﻭﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻄﺎﻃﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻚ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّٔﺎﺭﻳّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ:BATTERIA :
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻨـﻬﺮ(( ﺟ ١ﺹ :١١٦ﻭﻣﻨـﺬ ﺍﻟﺼﻒّ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﻓﻊ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ.
ﺳﻨﻴّﺎﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺷﺎﻉ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺑﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﻭﻗﺮﺍﻫـﺎ
ﺯﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ ،ﻭﳒﺢ ﺳﻘﻴﺎً ﻭﻋﺬﻳﺎً. ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّﺎﺭﻳّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:BATTERIE :
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]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗـﺎﺕ، ﻭﺳﻨﺔ ١٩١٣ﻧﻈﻢ ﺇﻟﻴﺎﺱ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻜﻲ ﺍﻟﺸـﺎﻣﻲ
ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳﺔ. ﻗﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﺸﻜﻮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﺀ ،ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ
ﻗﻮﻟﻪ:
ﺍﻟﺒِﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴّﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳍﻮﻳﺔ. ﺑﺘﻠﺖّ ﻗﺮﻭﺵ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ ﺑﺒﻄﻨﻚ ﺑﺘﻌﻤۤﻞ ﺷٔﻤٔﺎﻃٔﻪ
ﻭﻳﺄﻛﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ ﻣﺴﻠﻮﻗﺔ ﻭﻣﻘﻠﻴـﺔ ﻭﺳـﻠﻄﺔ
– ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﺍﻟﺒﻄّﺎﻗﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻄـﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﻤﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻄﺒﻮﺧﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼـﻞ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺃﺭﺽ ﺑﻄّﺎﻗﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻃﻴﻨﺎً ﻛﺜﲑﺍً. ﻭﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ﻭﺍﶈﺸﻲ...
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺿﻴﻌﺠﻲ... ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰ ﺍﳌﻔﻀّﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ :ﺱ ١٧ﺹ.٥۰١
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّﺎﻝ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑٔﻄّﺎﻝ ﻷﻧﻮ ﺷٕﻐﻠﻮٓ ﺑٔﻄّـﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٥ﺹ ٣۰٧ﻭﺱ ١٦ﺹ ٧٧٤ﻭﺱ ١٨ﺹ ٨٤٦ﻭﺱ٥٩
ﻣﻊ ﺃﻧٕﻮ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺘﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺑٔﻄّﺎﻟۤﺔ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻻ ﻋﻤـﻞ ﻟـﻪ ﺹ ۲۰٧ﻭ.٤١٥
ﻭﻷﻥ ﺷﻐﻠﻪ ﺳﻲّﺀ ﻭﻭﻇﻴﻔﺘﻪ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺭﺩﻳﺌﺔ ،ﻓﻌّﺎﻝ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ١٦ﺹ.١٣۰
ﺑَﻄَﻞَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﻌﻄّﻞ ،ﻓﺴﺪ ،ﺳﻘﻂ ﺣﻜﻤﻪ ،ﺫﻫـﺐ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ:
ﺧﺴﺮﺍً ﻭﺿﻴﺎﻋﺎً. ﻭﺃﻱّ ﺑﻄﺎﻃﺔ ﳌﺎ ﺃﺗﺘﻨﺎ ﻛَﻤﺎﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻓﻴّﺎ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ: ﺍﻟﺒِﻄﺎﻗﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ﺗﻨﺎﻁ
.BATAL ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﲦﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﻭﻭﺯﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺑﻄّﺎﻝ ﺁﻏﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻳﻄﺒﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺮ ﺃﺷﻐﺎﻟﻮ ﻗٔﻌﺪ ﺑﻄّﺎﻝ. ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ ،ﺗُﺘﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻳـﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻴـﺎﺩ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﻄّﺎﻝ ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﻝ ،ﻻ ﲢـﺎﻛﻲ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺜﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻄّﺎﻝ ﺑﺴﺎﻭﻳﻚ ﺷﻐﻠﺘﻮ ،ﺍﺷﺘﻐﻞ ﲟﺼـﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺣﺎۤﺳۤـﺐ ﻭﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﰲ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
ﺍﻟﺒﻄّﺎﻝ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﺮﻯ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ ﺃﻧﻚ ﺗﺮﺑﺢ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ –ً ١ﺃﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :PITTAKION :ﻟـﻮﺡ
ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺳﺎﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴـﻪ ﰲ ﺳـﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺭﻗﻴﻖ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﻮﺩﺍﻥ ﻭﻓﻠﺴـﻄﲔ –ً ٢ﺃﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺼﻚّ
ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﳒﺪ(. –ً ٣ﺃﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ.
–ً ٤ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ،ﺑﻌـﺪﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﻻﺭﻃﺎﻝ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻘﻌﺪ ﺑﻄﺎﻝ. ﻃﺎﻗﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸـﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺭﺍﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﻄّـﺎﻝ ﺩﻛّـﺎﻥ ))ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻌـﺎﺕ(( ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﺍﻷﺧـﲑﺓ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴۤﻄﺎﻥ. ﻟﻠﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّٔﺎﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻔﺮّﺍﻧۤﺔ :ﻗﺴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﺒـﺪﻩ :ﺑِﻄﺎﻗـﺔ
ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻨﺼﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ،ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻪ ﺃﻗﻞّ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﺍﻩ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ: ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ .CARTE–VISTE :ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺼﺮ ﳎﻤـﻊ ﺩﺍﺭ
ﺍﻟﻌَﻤّﺎﻝ. ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻄﺎﻗﺔ.
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ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑِﻴﻄﻮﻧﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ،ﺍﳉُﺒّﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّٔﺎﻝ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻄﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ،
ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻴﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻗـﻞّ ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ،
ﺑٔﻄﺒٔﻂ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻄـﺒﻂ ﺍﻟـﺒﻂّ :ﺻـﻮّﺕ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻭﺭﻕ ﺑﻄّﺎﻝ :ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ:
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳊﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻮّﻁ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً .ﻗـﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺻﺮﻣﺎﻳﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺑﻄّﺎﻝ ،ﻛﺼﺮﻣﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﺠﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
))ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻀﺐ(( :ﺑﻄﺒﻂ ﺃﻱ :ﺣﺼﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺇﺳﻬﺎﻝ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ:
.BATAL
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳎـﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ
ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻟﻮﻧﻮ ﻣﺒٔﻄﺒۤﻂ ،ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄﺎﻟۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻟَﺔ )ﻣﺜﻠﺜﺔ( :ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄّﺎﻝ.
ﻣﺒْﻄﺒﻄٔﺔ ،ﻭﭼﻮ – ﲡﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻳّۤﺔ – ﻣﺒٔﻄﺒۤﻂ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻄﺎﻟﺖ ﻭﺑﻄﺎﻻﺕ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﻄٔﻠَﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻄﺎﻟَـﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻄـﻞ ﻋـﻦ
ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﺐ ﺍﳌﺒﻄﺒﻂ :ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﺍﻧـﺘﻔﺦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ.
ﺑﻄﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳊﺼﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻏٕﺮّﺓ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﺍﻟﺒْﻄﺎﻧۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻄﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ :ﺧـﻼﻑ
ﺗﺎﺧﺪٓ ﻫﺎﳌﺒﻄﺒﻂ )ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺘﺎﻥ(. ﻇِﻬﺎﺭﺗﻪ ،ﻭﺑﻄﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ :ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺳﺮّﻩ ،ﻭﺩﺍﺧﻠﺔ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻄـﺎﺋﻦ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺳـﻬﻠﻮﺍ ﳘﺰﺗـﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓـﻼﻥ :ﺑٔﻄـﺒﻂ ﺍﻟﻜٕـﺮٔﺵ، ﻭﺃﻣﺎﻟﻮﻫﺎ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑْﻄﺎﻧﺎﺕ.
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻧﺸﺮ ﺧﱪ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺀ(. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑۤﻄٔﻨَﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑٔﻄٔﻦ.
ﺑٔﻄٔﺢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻄﺤﻪ :ﺑﺴﻄﻪ ،ﺃﻟﻘﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ.
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻄﺢ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﻄﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﭺ ﺑٔﻘٔﻰ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺑْﻄﺎﻧﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺣﺠّﺎﺝ ﺇﺩﻟـﺐ[ :ﻭﺣـﻖ ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّٔﺎﻧﻴّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﺑﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒِﻄﺎﻧـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ
ﺑﻄﺤﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﺃﻟﻘﻴـﺖ ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﲏ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﰲ ﻳُﺘـﺪﺛﺮ ﺑـﻪ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﳛﻪ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﻳﺪﻱّ(. ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ،ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄّﺎﻧﻴّـﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺍﻕ
ﲡﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻄﺎﻃﲔ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄﺤٔﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﺟﺎﺟﺔ ﺍﳋﻤﺮ ،ﳛﺘﻤـﻞ ﺃﻥ
ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺔ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻭﳛﺘﻤﻞ ﺃﻢ ﲰﻮﻫـﺎ ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺒﺸﻴﺔ.BITOUNI :
ﻷﺎ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺳﻄﺤﲔ ﻋﺮﻳﻀﲔ ﻳﻴﺴﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺒﻄﺎﺣﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿـﺎ :ﺍﳌِﺸـﻤﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ
– ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄﺤﻴﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄـﺢ ﺍﳌِﺸﻤﻠﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻟﻮﺯﻥ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ
ﺗﺼﻐﲑ ﺃﻭ ﲢﻘﲑ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺯﻧﺎً ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓً ﺷﲔ ﺍﻟـﺘﺤﻘﲑ: ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻲ :ﺍﻟﻘَﺮْﻃﻒ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻃﻒ
ﺩﻗﻨﻴﺶ. ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻴﻔﺔ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺪﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺨﻤﻞ ﻳﻠﻘﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺴﺪ.
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﲔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺤﻴﺶ.
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ﺍﻟﺰﻋﻤﺎﺀ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ: ﺑٔﻄّٔﺦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻭﭼّﻮﻣﺒﻄّۤﺦ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٥ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻣﺴﺘﺪﻳﺮ ﻭﺳﻄﺤﺎﻩ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﻀـﻬﻤﺎ
ﻛﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﻄﻴﺦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﱐ.
ﺑٕﻄﺮٓﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ،ﲰـﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﺳـﻢ ]ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﺪّﻱ ﻫـﺎﺩ ﻭﻻ ﺑـﺪﻱّ ﺑﻄـﻴﺦ
ﻛﺒﲑ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺭﻳﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ PETRUS :ﲟﻌـﲎ: ﻣﺒﺴﻤﺮ ،ﺳﺒﺐ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﺍﳌَﺆﻭﻑ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻏـﲑﻩ
ﺍﻟﺼــﺨﺮﺓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴــﺔ ،PETRA :ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴــﻴﺔ: ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺆﻭﻓﺎﺕ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻮﭺ ﺍﳌﺒﻄّۤﺦ.
.PIERRE
ﻭﳛﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻦ ﺇﱃ :ﺑﻴۤﺪﺭﻭٓﺱ. ﺑٕﻄۤﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻄِﺮ ﺑَﻄَﺮﺍً :ﺍﺳـﺘﺨﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻤـﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺮﺍﺀ ﻓﻄﻐﻰ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺪّ ﻣﺮﺣﻪ ﻭﺃﺷﺮُﻩ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻄﺮْﺳﻴّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﻻﻋﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻣﺴﺎﻙ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻭﲰﻌﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺰﻋﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﻄﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻤّﺪ ﻣـﻦ
ﺣﺠﺮ ﻟﻠﺨﺼﻢ ﺑﺂﺧﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﺃﻱ :ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﻧـﺔ ،ﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﺍﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﺍﺀ ،ﺇﺫ ﺭﲟﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻫﻠﻮﻫـﺎ ﺫﻭﻱ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺳﻜﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﳛﻜـﻢ ﺛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﻔﻬﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺒﻄﺮ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﺍﻥ.
ﺭﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ ،ﻓﻼ ﺗﻜﺎﺩ ﺗﻔﻠﺖ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ،ﺑﻞ ﺑـﺎﻟﻐﻮﺍ
ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻳﺮﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﻃﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎ ﻗـﺎﺋﻼً :ﺭﻭﺡ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄٔﺮ ﻭﺭﻗّۤﺺ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻘٔﺮ ،ﺍﻟﻜﱪ ﻋٕﺒٔﺮ
ﺷﻮﻓﻮ :ﺷﻴۤﺶ ﺑﻴۤﺶ ،ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻳﻖ ﺑﻄﺮﺱ ،ﻭﻛﻨﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻏﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺟﻨﻮﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻄﺮ ،ﺍﻓﻄﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺑﻄﺎﺭ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺿﺤﻜﺘﲔ
ﺍﺑﺘﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻭ ﲟﺜﻴﻠﻪ ﰲ ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ. ﻭﺗﻐﺪﱠﻯ ﻭﲤﺪﱠﻯ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺘﲔ ﻭﺗﻌﺸﱠﻰ ﻭﲤﺸﱠـﻰ ﻭﻟـﻮ
ﺧﻄﻮﺗﲔ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄﺮٔﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮٔﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻳـﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻳـﻚ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻳَﺮﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘْﺮٔﻙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ :PATRIARKHIS ﺑٔﻄّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻄِﺮ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺪﻳـﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ
ﺍﻷﺏ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺴﻲ :ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﳍﻤﺰﺓ :ﺃﺑﻄﺮﻩ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻨﻮﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄﺮﺍﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻄِـﺮ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻓﻌـﻼﻥ،
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄﺎﺭۤﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﺒٔﻄﺎﺭﻳﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭْﻛﺔ. ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﻓﻌﻼﻧۤﺔ ،ﻭﺻـﻔﺔ ﺑﻄِـﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻄِـﺮ،
ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺇﻳﺎﺱ ﻳﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﰲ ))ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻪ(( :ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻙ. ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻄِﺮﺓ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ.PATRICIUS :
ﻭﲨﻌﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻄﺎﺭٔﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﺍﻧﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﺍﻧﺎﺕ.
ﻭﻣﻘﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻛﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺱ ﻭﺃﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﺳـﻜﻨﺪﺭﻳﺔ
ﻭﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ .ﻭﻛﺮﺳﻲ ﺃﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺇﱃ ﲪـﺺ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺟﺤﺎۤﺵ ﺍﳊﺠّﺎﺭﺓ
ﻭﺍﻵﻥ ﰲ ﺩﻣﺸﻖ. ﺟﻮﺍﻋﺎ ﺑﻄﺎﺭٔﻯ.
ﻭﻳﻀﻴﻒ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻼﺗـﲔ ﺭﻭﻣـﺎ ﻭﻓﻠﻮﺭﻧﺴـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻃﺒﺦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻃﺒﺦ ﺑﻄﺎﺭﻯ.
ﻭﺑﺮﺷﻠﻮﻧﺔ. ﺑٔﻄﺮﺍﻧَﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌـﺎﻥ،
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓﻄﺮﻙ ﻭﻓﻄﺮﻳﻖ. ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴـﺔ :ﺑﻴـﺖ ﻃْﺮُﻭﻧـﺎٓ :ﺑﻴـﺖ
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ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻟﻪ ﺇﳕﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّﺎﺵ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄﺮﻛﺨﺎﻧۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻳﻜﺨﺎﻧۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄﺶ :ﺍﻧﺒﻄﺶ. ))ﺑﻄﺮﻙ(( ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﺧﺎﻧﺔ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ،
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﻯ :ﻣﻘﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻙ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﺗٔﺎﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺑَﺘﺎﻕ :ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻄـﲔ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺣﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﻌﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ .ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌـﻞ
ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﻄّﻘﻨﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺑﻄﻘﺠﻲ. ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻛﻴّﺔ :ﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻛﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﺰﻭﺡ ﺍﻷﺗـﺮﺍﻙ
ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﶈﻞ ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻙ.
ﺑٔﻄّٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻖ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ:
ﺑﻄﻘﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻓﻠﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺳﺎﺭﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻮﻗﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄﺮِﻳَﺮْﻙ :ﺗﺮﺩ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻣﻌﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﲑ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻠﻜﺄﺕ. ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻗﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﻖ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺑﻄّﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ :ﺗﻮﻗـﻒ ﻋـﻦ
ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ :ﺑﻄّﻖ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻮﻥ :ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻳﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻙ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻘﺠﻲ :ﺯﺍﺩﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻖ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ))ﺟـﻲ((:
ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑﻄﻘﺠﻲ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻠﻜﺄ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻳﻜﺨﺎﻧۤﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻛﺨﺎﻧﺔ.
ﻋﻦ ﺩﻓﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻄْﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻟﻔّﺘﻮ ﺯَﺑَﺘّﺎﻳۤﺔ ﺑٔﻄْﺶ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻟ ﺒٔﻄﻘﻠۤﻖ :ﺯﺍﺩﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻖ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ))ﻟۤﻚ((
ﺍﳌﻠﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺑﺮﻡ ﻭﺩﻭﻥ ﻛﻲّ ﻭﺻـﻘﻞ،
ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑﻄﻘﻠﻚ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻜـﺎﻥ ﲞﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻨّﺎﻧۤﺔ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻓﻬﻲ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﳍﻢ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﳌﻮﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﻦ. ﺑﻄﺶ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻼﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻼﻧﺔ. ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﺎ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻌﺪﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﻦ ﺫﺯﻳﻞ :ﺹ.٤١
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﺕ ﻳﻨﺸـﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺫﻛـﺎﺭ
ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺑﺮﻉ ﺃﺧﲑﺍً ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺷﺤﺎﺕ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ.١٩٣۰
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻄۤﻞ :ﺑَﻄِﻞ ،ﺗﻔﺮّﻍ.
ﺑٔﻄٔﺶ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻄﺶ ﺑـﻪ ﺑﻄﺸﺎً :ﺃﺧـﺬﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻨﻒ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[:
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻄـﻮﺓ ،ﺳﻄـﺎ ﻋــﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺴﺮﻋـﺔ ،ﻭﻻ
ﺃٕﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺑٕﻄْﻠۤﺖ ﻣٓﺪﺗٔﻚ )ﺃﻭ ﻣﻮٓﺿْﺘٔﻚ(.
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ﺷﺠﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﻃﺢ ،ﻟﻪ ﺻـﻤﻎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻟﻮﻻ ﺍﻷﻣﻞ ﺑٕﻄۤﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ.
ﻗﻮﻱّ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﺍﻷﻧﻄﺎﻛﻲ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎﺕ ﺑْﻼﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺒﻄﻞ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﻥ،
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻊ(( :ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﺇﺫﺍ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺑٕﻄۤﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺐ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﻀۤﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺑٕﻄۤـﻞ
ﺍﻟﻀَﺮﻭ ،ﻭﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﳊﺒﺔ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻭُﺭُﺩ :ﺑﻀـﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻤّﻢ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﻀۤﺮ ﺍﻷﺻﻴﻞ ﺑٕﻄۤـﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴـﻞ )ﻭﻟـﻴﺲ
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ .ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺩﺧﻴﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻭﻫﻢ ،ﻓﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ﻋﺮﻳﻘـﺔ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ ،ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻻﻟﺘـﺰﺍﻡ ـﺎ ﺃﻟﺼـﻖ
ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺎﺕ .ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺗﻪ ﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻢ. ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺁﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣٕﻀۤﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﺑٕﻄۤﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ.
ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﳌﱳ(( :ﺍﻟﻀِـﺮﻭ )ﺑﻜﺴـﺮ ﺍﻟﻀـﺎﺩ ﻻ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﻴﺌﺔ ،ﺇﺫ ﳛﺴﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻄﻮﻝ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﻭﺃﻥ
ﺑﻔﺘﺤﻬﺎ( :ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻜﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﶈﻠﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟـﺒﻄﻢ. ﻳﺆﻛﻞ ﺑﺘﺆﺩﺓ ﻣﻊ ﺷﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ :ﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺠﺮ ﺍﳉﺒـﺎﻝ ﻛـﺎﻟﺒﻠﻮﻁ
ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ،ﻟﻪ ﻋﻨﺎﻗﻴﺪ ﻛﻌﻨﺎﻗﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻢ ،ﻏﲑ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺣﺒﺎً، ﺍﻟﺒٕﻄْﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻄﻞ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﳊﻖ.
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻀَﺮﻭ )ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ( ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺎﻙ ﺑﻘﻀﺒﺎﻧﻪ ،ﻭﳚﻌﻞ
ﻭﺭﻗﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺮ. ﺑٔﻄّٔﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻄّﻞ :ﺍﺗّﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻬﻮ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺸﺘﻐﻞ
ﲟﺎ ﻳﻨﻔﻊ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﺮﻙ ﻭﺃﻗﻠﻊ ﻋﻤﺎ ﻋـﻮ
ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌـﺔ(( :ﺑُﻄـﻢ، ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺿِﺮﺍﻭﺓ )ﺑﻜﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﻀـﺎﺩ( ﻭﻣـﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺋـﻪ ﺃﻓﻴـﻮﺱ، ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻭﺷﻴﺨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻳﻘﺎﺻﺼﻪ :ﺗﻮٓﺑۤـﺔ
ﺃﻓﻄﻄﻴﻮﺱ ،ﲤﺎﻟﺲ ،ﻃﺮﻣﻨﻴﺲ ،ﻗﺮﻳﻘﺸﺔ :ﻧـﻮﻉ ﻣـﻦ ﺑٔﻄّٔﺖ ﺑٔﻄّٔﻠﺖ.
ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻘﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻤﻴﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻓﺮﻋـﺎﺀ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﻥ ﺗﺎﺟﺮﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﻛﻔﺎﻥ ﺑﺘﺒﻄّۤـﻞ
ﻓﻨّﺎﺀ ﺗﻌﻠﻮ ﻣﻦ ٣ﺇﱃ ٥ﺃﻣﺘﺎﺭ ،ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻬﺎ ﻣﺮﻛﺒـﺔ ﻋﺎﺑﻠـﺔ، ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﲤﻮﺕ )ﺃﻱ :ﺣﻈّﻨﺎ ﺳﲕّﺀ(.
ﻭﺭﻳﻘﺎﺎ ﻭﺗﺮﻳﺔ ﻳﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ٧ﺇﱃ ،١٣ﻧﺼـﻠﻬﺎ
ﺟﻠﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺢ ،ﲦﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﻠﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘـﺪ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄْﻼﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑٕﻄۤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻼﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻲ
ﺷﺒﻪ ﻛﺮﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ،ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﳊﺎﺀ ﺳﻮﻗﻬﺎ ﻣـﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻼﻧۤﺔ ،ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ.
ﺭﺍﺗﻨﺠﻴﺔ ﻓﻮّﺍﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻑ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ،ﲦﺮﺗﻪ ﺗﺪﻋﻰ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑۤﻄﻠٓﻨﺎٓ.
ﺍﳊﺒﺔ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺍﺀ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﺎ :ﺇﻧـﻪ ﳚﻠـﻮ ﺍﳉـﺮﺏ
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺑﺎﺀ .ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻏﲑﻩ :ﺇﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱰﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭﻳﺔ ﺑٔﻄْﻼﻳﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ:
ﻭﻣﺪﺭّ ﻟﻠﺒﻮﻝ .ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﻧﻄﺎﻛﻲ :ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻬﺎ ﺗﺴﻮّﺩ ﺍﻟﺸـﻌﺮ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻃﻠﻴﺎۤ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻴﺎﻥ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﻃﻼﺀ ،ﻭﺍﳊﺐ ﻳﺴﺨﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺪﺓ ﻭﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟـﺒﻠﻐﻢ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٥
ﻭﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﳉﻨﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﻳﺴﻤّﻦ ﻋﻦ ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ،ﻭﺩﻫﻨﻪ ﳛﻠـﻞ
ﺃﻭﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺐ ﻭﺣﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺒـﻮﻝ ﺷـﺮﺑﺎً ،ﻭﻳﺼـﻠﺤﻪ ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷـﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫـﺎ :ﺑﻴـﺖ
ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻞ... ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ) .ﺣﻠﺐ.(٧٩
ﻭﺗﻄﻌﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ ﻓﺘﺤﻤﻠﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻄْﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻄْﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺒُﻄُﻢ:
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑۤﻄﻤﺎٓ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑۤﻄﻤَﺎ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﺑﺴﻊ ﻃﺸﺖ ﳐﻠﻮﻃٔﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻓﺘﻄﻠﻖ ))ﺑۤﻄﻨِﻪ(( )ﺑـﺎﻟﻨﻮﻥ( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺑﺴﻊ ﻛﻠﻤۤﺔ؟ ،ﺿﺮﺑﻮﻩ ﻋﺒﻄﻨﻮ ﺻﺎﺡ :ﺁﺥ ﺿﻬﺮﻱ ،ﻣـﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ.
ﺑﺘﺸﺒﻊ ﺑْﻄﻴﻨﱵ ﻟﺘﻐﻠﻲ ﻗﺪﻳﺮﰐ ،ﻧﺺ ﺑﻄﻦ ﺑـﺘﻐﲏ ﻋـﻦ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ:
ﻣَﻼﺗﺎ ،ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻮﻥ ﺿﺎﻋۤﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻮﻥ ،ﺑﻄﻦ ﲤﺎﻡ :ﻛﻴﻒ .ALBOTIN
ﲤﺎﻡ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺒﻄﻨﻮ ﺭﻳﺢ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻳﺢ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﳒﺪ ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﳝﻠﺤﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﻤﺎﰐ ﻭﻳﺒﻴﻌﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﻣـﺎ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً(. ﻳﺒﻴﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﺤﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ.
ﻭﻗﺮﻯ ﻏﺮﰊ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻳﺄﻛﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ))ﺍﳋﺒﺰ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﻟﻘﻤۤﺔ ﻭﻣﻔﺘـﺎﺡ ﺑﺒﻄﻢ(( :ﺧﺒﺰ ﺗﻨّﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﻌﺠﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻄﻢ ،ﻳﺪﻫﻦ ﺳـﻄﺤﻪ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮّ ﻛﻠﻤۤﺔ ،ﺃﻭ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻘﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ. ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻭﻳﺬﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻭﻣﻔﺮﻭﻡ
ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺲ.
ﺑٔﻄﻦ ﺍﻷٕﺟْﺮ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺑﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄْﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ ،ﻳﺬﻛّﺮ ﻭﻳﺆﻧّﺚ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺮﺟّﺎﻝ ﲝﺒﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄـﻦ ﺃٕﺟـﺮﻭ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ ﺧﻄّﺄ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺜﻬﺎ.
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﻮﻟّﺪ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺑﺢ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻌﻴﻪ(. ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﳌﱳ(( :ﻣﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺗﺄﻧﻴﺜﻪ ﻟﻐﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻋﺒﻴﺪ.
ﻗﺸﺎﺵ ﺍﻟﺒْﻄﻮﻥ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺑْﻄﻮﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺸﺎﺵ ﺍﻟﺒْﻄﻮﻥ ﺃﻏﻠﻰ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻣـﺎ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﻮﺩ:
ﺑﻜﻮﻥ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﺟﺎﺑﺖ ﻃﻤﻨﻄﻌﺶ ﺑﻄﻦ.
ﳐﺪّﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ :ﻟﻘﺒﻮﺍ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻉ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً
ﻟﻠﻮﻟﺪ.
ﺑٔﻄّٔﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻄّﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺑِﻄﺎﻧﺔ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﻠﺪ
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺯ ﲝﻠﻴﺐ ﻓﻮﻗﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻮﻇﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﺗﻘـﺎﻝ: ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺻﻨﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻉ.
ﺍﳌﺒﻄّﻦ. ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﺮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﺇﺫ ﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺮﺓ ﺫﻭﻗﻮ ﺑﺒﻄّۤﻦ ﺗﻮﺑـﻮ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﻮﺩ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊَﺒَﻞ ﻭﺍﳊﻤْﻞ.
ﺑﺒﻄﺎﻧۤﺔ ﺃﻏﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻮﺝ. ﻭﻣﺼﻐﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺑۤﻄۤﻦ.
ﺑٔﻄْﻨَﺞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻄﻨﺠۤﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺝ ۲ﺹ ٩٧ﻭ.١١٦
ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻭﺍﻟﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﺗﺪﻭﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﻣـﻞ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ
ﺗﻨﺪﻓﻊ ﻭﺗﺴﲑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﺑﻄﻦ ،ﲝﺐ ﺑﻄﻨﻮ ،ﳘّﻮ
PATINAGEﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ. ﺑﻄﻨﻮ ،ﻣﺸْﻴۤﺖ ﺑﻄﻨﻮ ،ﻣﺴﻜۤﺖ ﺑﻄﻨﻮ ،ﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﺍ ﺧﻠۤﻖ ﻣﻦ
ﺑﻄﻦ ﺃﻣﻮ ﻣﻌﻠﱠﻢ ،ﻳﺮﺣﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﲪﻠﻮ ﺃﻭ :ﻳـﺮﺣﻢ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّﺔ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻂ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻬﺮ.
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ﺑَﻄُﻞ :ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺎﻋﺔ ،ﺍﻹﻗﺪﺍﻡ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﺒّﻰ ﺑﻄّﺘﻮ ﻭﺣﻂّ ﻟﻠـﻮ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻄﻮﻟﺖ ﻭﺑﻄﻮﻻﺕ. ﲜﻴﺒﻮ ﺷﻮﻳّۤﺔ ﻗﻀﺎﻣۤﺔ ﻭﺗﻜﺘﻚ ﻋﺰﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺑﻄﻮﻟﺔ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺐ ﻛﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ ﻭﰲ ﻟﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻄﺮﻧﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩﻭ ﻭ... ﺍﻟﺒﻄّﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﺑٔﺖْ(( :ﺍﻟﻘـﺎﺭﻭﺭﺓ،
ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻄﺔ ﻷﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺼﻨﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷـﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻄِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻲﺀ – ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﺑﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ.
ﳘﺰﺗﻪ – :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻊ. ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﻣﻜﺔ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺪّﺍﻣﻚ ﺧﲑ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺑٕﻄﻲ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺔ ،ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺍﻗﺘﺒﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﻫﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻌﺎﻥ ﺑﻔﺖّ ﻟﻠﺠﻮﻋﺎﻥ ﻓﺘّـﺎً ﺃﺑﺪﻋﻮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ.
ﺑٔﻄﻲ. ﰲ ))ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ(( :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﻭﺭﺓ :ﻋـﺮﰊ
ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻟﻴﻘﻲ :ﻟﻐـﺔ ﺷـﺂﻣﻴﺔ) ،ﻭﻳﺘـﺎﺑﻊ
ﺑَﻄﻴﺎﺱ :ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ ﻭﺑﺎﺑﻠّﻰ ،ﻭﻛـﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﺀ( :ﺧﺒّﺮﻭﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺟﺎﺀ ﺑﻦ ﺣَﻴْﻮَﺓ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻛﻨﺖ ﻣـﻊ
ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻗﺼﺮ ﻟﻌﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺃﻣﲑ ﺣﻠـﺐ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻫـﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﻓﻀﻌُﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﺝ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﻳﺎ ﺭﺟﺎﺀ!
ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺘﺮﻱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﻄﻠﺲ :ﺹ ٥٥ﻭ١٦٦ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻯ؟ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ :ﺃﻗﻮﻡ ﻓﺄﺻﻠﺤﻪ؟ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﺇﻧـﻪ ﻟﻠـﺆﻡ
ﻭ.١٦٩ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺿﻴﻔﻪ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻡ ﻓﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻪ ﻓﺰﺍﺩ ﰲ
ﺩُﻫﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﺝ ،ﰒ ﺭﺟﻊ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﻗﻤﺖ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ
ﺑْﻄﻴﺒﺎﻁ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻮﺭ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﻭﺭﺟﻌﺖ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﻃﻴﺒﻮﺗﺎٓ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳋﲑ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ
ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٥ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻴۤﺔ . ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﻄﻴﺘﺎٓ :ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻳﻖ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّٔﺔ :ﰲ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭﻱ:
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻲ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺔ :ﻭﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ ،ﺃﺧﺬﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
ﻃٓﺒﺘﺎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳋﲑﺍﺕ) .ﺣﻠﺐ.(٨٥
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄﻮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﲟﺸﻲ ﺑﻄﻮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّﻴﺦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻄﻴﺦ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻘﻄﲔ،
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒُﻂﺀ.
ﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﺣﺒﺎﻻً ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻛﻔﺼﻴﻠﺘﻪ.
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ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺲ ﻓﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻛـﻞ ﺟﺒﻨـﺔ ﻛـﺘﲑ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺨﺎﻳﺎﺕ.
ﺑﻨﻘﺮﻉ. ﻭﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ﺑﺄﻧﻮﺍﻋـﻪ
ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺍﳉَﺒَﺲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻳــﺪﺍﱐ ﻟﻔــﻆ ﺍﻟﺒﻄــﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﻌــﺮﰊ ﺍﲰــﻪ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺄﻛﻞ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄﻴﺨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴـﻠﻄﺎﱐ
ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ PASTEQUE:ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺒﺲ. ﺫﻱ ﺍﳊﺰﻭﺯ ،ﻭﺍﻵﻥ ﻻ ﻟﺘﻔﻮﻕ ﻏﲑﻩ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻼﻭﺓ ،ﻭﻫـﻞ
ﻻﲰﻪ ))ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﱐ(( ﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﻣﺼﺮ ))ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻄﺎﻭﻱ((؟ ﻻ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﲰﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ: ﻧﻌﻠﻢ.
:ALBUDECAﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺨﺔ. ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﱐ:
–ً ١ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺪﺍﱐ :ﻭﺣﺠﻤﻪ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴـﻠﻄﺎﱐ
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :PATECA :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺨﺔ. ﺫﻱ ﺍﳊﺰﻭﺯ.
ﻭﺍﲰــﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴــﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻄّﻴﺤــﺎٓ ﻭﻓَﻄّﻴﺤــﺎٓ، –ً ٢ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺟﻲ :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺝ.
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻄّﻴﺤَﺎ ﻭﻓﻄّﻴﺤﺎ )ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(. –ً ٣ﺍﳌﻠّﻴﺴﻲ :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻠّۤﺲ :ﻗﺮﻳـﺔ ﻗـﺮﺏ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺃَﺑَﻄْﻴَﺢ :ﻟﻠﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ، ﺃﻋﺰﺍﺯ.
ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﺩﻭﺍ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺃَﺑَﻄْﻴَﺢ ﺻۤﻬٓﺐ. –ً ٤ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺮﻱ :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺘﻪ.
–ً ٥ﺍﻟﻨّﻮﺍﰲ :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻳﻒ ﰲ ﺗـﻞ
ﻭﺑﻨﻮ ﺇﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻞ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻫﺠﺮﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺮ ﲪﻠـﻮﺍ ﺭﻓﺎﺩ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺃﻋﺰﺍﺯ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﺸﺘﻮﻱ.
ﻣﻌﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ. –ً ٦ﺑﻄﻴﺦ ﻗَﺒْﻴﺎﺕ :ﺃﻱ ﳝﻴﺰ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺷﺒﻪ
ﻗﺒﻮ ،ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻏﺒﻴﺎﺕ ،ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿـﻔﺎﻑ
ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ،ﻭﻣﻨـﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻘـﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻃﻴﺐ ﺑﻄﻴﺦ.
ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ،ﰒ ﻋﻢّ. –ً ٧ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺮﻱ :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺮ ،ﻭﻣـﻦ
]ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻋﻪ[ :ﻗٕﺮﺻٔﻚ ﻋﺴﻞ ﻳـﺎ ﺑﻄـﻴﺦ! ﻣﻴﺰﺍﺗﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﳌﺘﺎﻧﺔ ﻗﺸﺮﺗﻪ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﻃﻮﻳﻼً.
)ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺹ ﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻄـﻴﺦ ﻭﻟﻠّـﻮﺡ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﻧﻈﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺻـﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻄـﻴﺦ ﺍﳉﻴـﺪ
ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻞ( ،ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﰊ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻄﻴﺦ، ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﱐ:
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﱐ ﻓﻘﻂ :ﺩﻭﺍﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﳍـﻮﺍ ﻳـﺎ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻫﻦّ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﻓﺨﺮ
ﺑﻄﻴﺦ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﻘﺼﺔ ﻭﺫﻟّﻪْ:
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻭﺟّﻮ ﻣﺒﻄّۤﺦ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺔ ﺟﻠﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ
ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﱐ ﻓﻘﻂ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻄﺦ. ﻭﺻﻔﺮﺓ ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﻋﻠﻪْ
ﻭﺟﺮﺕ ﻣﻌﺮﻛﺔ ﺑﲔ ﻣﻔﺮﺯﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻴﺶ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻧﻘّﺺ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺘﻪ.
ﻭﻋﺼﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﲔ ﲪﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺳﱳ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺷـﻖ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺝ ١١ﺹ.٣۰
ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ،ﻓﺴﻤﻮﻫﺎ :ﻣﻌﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ. ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﻠﺪ ٧ﺝ ۲ﺹ.٢٥
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑَﻼ ﺿٔﺮٔﺏ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻴﺶ ﺑﻼ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﻛْﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﺑﻘﺸﻮﺭﻭ ﺑﻨﻔﻊ،
ﺑﻄﻴﺦ ،ﺑﻼ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳــﻮﰲ ﺩٕﻳﻨﻮ ﺑـﻼ ﺑﻄﻴـﺦ، ﻭﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘﺘﺎﺩ ﻳﺮﻭّﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨـﻼﺀ ،ﻭﻣــﺜﻠﻪ
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ﻓﻌﻞ ))ﺩَﺵّ(( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻧﻈﺮ .ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻼ ﺫﻣﺘﻮ ﻧﻀﻴﻔۤﺔ ﺑﻼ ﺑﻄﻴﺦ )ﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﭺ
ﺑﺬﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﺴﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﳌﺒﻄّﺦ(.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺎﺯ[ :ﺑٕﻆّ ﻟﻠﻚ ﻛـﻢ ﻟـﲑﺓ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠـﺔ :ﺑـﻼ ﺑﻄـﻴﺦ
ﲟﺸﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﻚ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺍﺎﺯﻳﺔ :ﺍﻹﻋﻄﺎﺀ. ﻣﺒﺴﻤۤﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺴﻤﺮ.
ﻭﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺑٔﻈّۤﺖ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﻄّﻴﺦ ﻳﻜﺴﺮ ﺑﻌﻀﻮ )ﺃﻭ ﻓﺨّﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻈﺎﻅ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺸﺒﻊ ﺑٔﻈﺎﻅ ،ﻭﻳـﺎ ﻳﻜﺴﺮ ﺑﻌﻀﻮ( ،ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﻛﺴﺮ ﺑﻄّﻴﺦ ،ﻛﻮﻝ ﺑﻄﻴﺦ
ﻋﻴﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻈﺎﻇﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﺪﻻﻝ. ﻭﻃﻠّۤﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻧﻮﺩﻙ ﻭﻛﻮﻝ ﺟﺒﺲ ﻭﻃﻠّۤﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺪﻭﺩﻙ،
ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘـﻬﻜﻢ ﻛﻔﻌـﻞ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﺍﺭﻓﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺦ.
))ﺑﻆ(( ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﺧﺬﺕ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺩﻻﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ:
ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﰲ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﺻﻞ ﺑٔﻈﺎٔﻇﻮٓ ﺷﺦ ﺑﻘﻨﺒﺎﺯﻭ. ﺷﺤﻢ ﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺩﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﻛﺘﺎﻑِ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻭﺑﻄﻴﺦ ﻳﻄﻴﺐ ﺍﳉﻐﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻈﺎﻇﺎ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫٔﺎ ﺷﺮﱠﻑ ﺑٔﻈﺎﻇﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳉﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺘﻨِ ّﻲ
ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﳌﺪﻟﻞ ،ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻋﺪﱠﻯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻧـﺎﻃﻮﺭ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻈﺎﻅ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺑﻆ. ﺑﻄّﻴﺦ ،ﺭﻣﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺭﺩّ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻈﺎﻇﺎﺕ. – ﺧﻴّﻮ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻷﷲ
– ﺧﻴّﻮ! ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﲜﺮّ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻜـﻼﻡ ﲜـﺮ
ﺑٔﻈْﺒﻆ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻚ ﺑﻘَﻰ ﺑٔﻈﺒٔﻈﺔ ،ﺍﳌﺒﻈﺒﻈﲔ ﺑﻄﻴﺦ.
ﻛﺒّﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻟﻘﻤّﻴﻞ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٤٣ﺹ.٩۰
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٢٧ﺹ.٧٦١
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﻈﺒﻆ :ﺗـﺪﻟّﻞ ﻭﺗﻌﺠـﺮﻑ .ﻻ ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ١٥ﺹ.٢٢٦
ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ :ﺝ ١ﺹ ١١٧ﻭ.١١٨
ﺑٔﻆّ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّﻴﺨﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﳒﺎﺭﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴّﺎﺕ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﳋﺸـﺒﺔ
ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﻳﺮﺓ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ـﺎ ﺃﺻـﺎﺑﻴﻊ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻈْﺒﻮﻅ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺠﺒﻮ ﺷـﻲ ﺑﻈﺒـﻮﻅ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ ،ﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻆّ. ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻠﺐ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﻛﺎﻟـﺪﺭﺩﺍﺭ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻟﺐ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻈﺎﺑﻴﻆ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﻄّﻴﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄﺶ ﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ،
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺶ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻄّﺎﺵ.
ﺑٕﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻮﻗـﻮﻉ ،ﻛـﺄﻥ ﺑٔﻆّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﺑﻈّۤﺖ ﺳﺒﻊ ﺑﻨﺎﺕ،
ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﲣﻴﻠﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻉ ﻫﻮ ﺑٕـﻊْ ﻓﻜﻠﻤـﻦ ﻭﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻈّﺖ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻠﻮ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻭﻟـﺪﺕ ،ﻻ
ﺃﻃﻔﺎﳍﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻼﺕ :ﺑﺘﻘﻊ ﺑٕﻊ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﻣﻌــﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜـﻢ ،ﻣـﺜﻞ
١٣٦
ﺑَﻌٔﺖ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻌﺜﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻭﺑﻌـﺚ ﺍﻟﺒِﻌﺎﺩ :ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﻠﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻷـﺎ
ﺑﻪ :ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﻣﻊ ﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﺸـﺨﺺ :ﺑﻌﺜـﻪ، ﺗﺮﺩ ﰲ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ ﻭﻣﻮﺍﻭﻳﻠﻬﻢ.
ﻭﻟﻠﺸﻲﺀ :ﺑﻌﺚ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻌّﺎﺻٔﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌـﺺ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻋﻠـﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑَﻌٔﺖ ﻟﻮ ﺑٕﻌﺘۤﺔ ،ﺑﺒﻌٔﺖ ﺃﷲ. ﺍﻷﺻﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ.
]ﻭﻳﺘﻬﻜﻢ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ[ :ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ﳋﺼﻤﻪ – ﻧﺎﺻـﺒﺎً
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﻳٕﺒﻌﺖ ﻟﻮ ﻧﺎٔﺭﺓ )ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌّﺎﺻﺘﻪ – :ﻃﺎﻟﻊ ﱄ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻮﻛۤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﻠﻚ.
ﺩﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ( ،ﻳﺒﻌﺖ ﻟﻮ ﺗﻼﺗﺔ ﺳﻮﺍ :ﻧﺎﺭ ﻭﺑـﺎﺭﻭﺩ
ﻭﻫٔﻮﺍ ،ﻳﺒﻌﺖ ﻟﻮ ﺣﺒﻞ ﻋﺘﻴﻖ ﻭﺟٕﺐ ﳕﻞ ﻏﻤﻴﻖ ﻭﺃﻟـﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﻌّﺎﺻﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺪّﺭﺍﺟﺔ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻋﻬﺪﻫﻢ
ﻋﺪﻭّ ﻭﻻ ﺯﺩﻳﻖ. ﺎ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺟﺔ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻌّﺎﺻﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺎﺯ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺳﺘّﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺃٕﺟۤﺖ ﺑﻌﺘۤﺖ ﱄ ﺧٕﻔّﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺷﻮﻑ ﺍﻷﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﻻۤﺑۤﺲ ﺳﻨﻄﺮﺍ
ﻳﺎ ﺭﻳﺖ ﺧﻔّﺎ ﺧﺮﻗﺔ ﺍٕﻧﻔﺎ ،ﺑﻨﺘَﻚ ﺑﺸﻌﺔ ،ﺍﷲ ﺑﻌﺘﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﻚ ﻭﺑﻨﻄﺮﻭﻥ ﻭﺭﺍۤﻛﺐ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻌّﺎﺻﺔ ،ﺑﻘَﻰ ﻣﻨﲔ ﻣﻨّﺎ ﻧﺸـﻮﻑ
ﺑﺸﻌﺔ ﺿﺮﺑَﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻰ ﻋﻨّﺎ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻌﺔ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻝ :ﻧﻴﲏ ﻧﻴﲏ ﺍﷲ ﺍﳋﻴۤﺮ؟.
ﻳﺒﻌﺖ ﺃﻋﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻳﲏ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﺑٔﻌْﺒٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺺ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺳﺒﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﻌﺖ ﻟﻠﻮ ﻭﻻ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻣﺎﺟﺎ ﻣﻨّﻮ
ﻏﲑﻫﺎ :ﻫﺰﱢﻱ ﻫﺰﱢﻱ ﻫﺰﱢﻱ ﻫﺰﱢﻱ ﳏﺮﻣﺘۤﻚ ﺑَﻌﺒَﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﲰﺎﻉ ﺑﻌﺒﻌﺔ ﲨﺎۤﻝ ﺃﺑﻮﻱ ﻣـﺎ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺳﺘّۤﺔ ﻗﻮﻣﻲ ﺍﺑﻌﱵ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺘۤﻚ ﺃﺣﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻮﺗﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻫﻠﻲ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﻫﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺻﻮﺕ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻌﺚ :ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻧﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﺕ ﻳـﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ.
ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻌْﺒٓﻊ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺑﻮٓﺑٓﻊ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺑﻪ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( :ﺑُﻊ ﺑُﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻴﺎﻥ.
ﻭﳜﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺸـﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻫﻮﺍﻣّﻬـﺎ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ: ﺑﺎﻟﺒٕﻌﺒٓﻊ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺚ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﱳ(( :ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻼﺀ ﺃﻧﻪ
ﳏﺮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻋﻮﻉ ،ﻭﻫﻮ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﻭَﻯ.
ﺑَﻌْﺜٔﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻌﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺑﺪّﺩﻩ ،ﻓﺮّﻗﻪ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻌْﺒﻴۤﻌٔﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺂﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﻭﻣﺸﺎﺭﻢ[ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ :ﲰﻴﺬ ﳛﻤﺺ ﻧﺎﺷﻔﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ،ﰒ ﻳﺼﺐ
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗﺒﻌﺜﺮ. ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺭﺍﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺲ ،ﰒ ﺗﺼﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﻴﻨﺔ ،ﻭﻳﺮﺵ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺮﺓ.
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲝﺜﺮ. ﻟﻌﻠﻬﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻊﱠ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﺃﱀ
ﲟﻄﺮﻩ.
ﺑَﻌﺞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻌﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦَ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ :ﺷﻘّﻪ.
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ﻭﲨﻌﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺠﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺎﺟﲑ. ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺍﻧﺒﻌﺞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺗْﺒﻌّﺞ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺑﻄّﻴﺦ ﻣﺒﻌﺠۤﺮ ،ﻭﺧﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺒﻌﺠۤﺮ ﻭﻗﺘّۤﺎ ﻭﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌّﺎﺝ.
ﻣﺒﻌﺠﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻭﺭ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ. ﻭﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺟﺎﻛﲑ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻩ – :ﺍﻟﺒﻌّﺎﺝ ،ﻷﻧﻪ
ﻳﺒﻌﺞ ﻣﻦ ﳛﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻃﻼً– ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ –.
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺘﺘﺬﻛّﺮ – ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴّﻮ! – ﳌﺎ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺒﺸﻴﺔ :ﺑﻌﺞ.
ﺯﻏﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻧﱰۤﻝ ﻟﻠﻀﺮۤﺍﺑۤﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺳﺔ ﻭﳓﻨۤﻪ ﻋـﻢ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻌٔﻖ :ﺑﻌﺞ.
ﻧﻌﱯ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺻﻴﺎﺡ :ﻧـﺰﺭﻉ ﻭﺭﺩۤﺓ ﺟﻮﺭﻳّۤـﺔ ﻟﻌﻴـﻮﻥ
ﺍﳉﻠﻮﻣﻴّۤﺔ ،ﺑﺘﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﳌﺎ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﺮﺟﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻀﺮﺍﺑﺔ ﻫَﻲْ ﺑﺎﳌﻘﺎۤﻟﻴﻊ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[:
ﻭﺟﺴﻤﻨﺎ ﻣﻌﺒّﻰ ﺑﻌﺎﺟﲑ ﺑﻌﺎﺟﲑ ،ﻭﻣﺎﻧّـﺎ ﺣﺎﺳـﺒﲔ ﺇٕﻻ ﺃﻣﻚ ﺟﺎﺑۤﺖ ﻛﺮّ ﺑَﺪَﻭﻱ ﺣﻴﺪﺍ ﺍﳊﻴﺪﺍ ﺍﳊﻴـﺪﺍﻭﻱ
ﺣﺴﺎﺏ؟. ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ ﺭﺍﻛﺐ ﺟﺤﺸﻮ ﻫﺐ ﺍﳍﻮﺍ ﰲ ﲞﺸــﻮ
ﻳﺎ ﺭﰊ ﺗﺒﻌﺞ ﻛﺮﺷــﻮ ﻻ ﺳﺎﻭﻱ )ﻋﻘﺒﻮ( ﺯﻣّﺎﺭﻩ
– ﺑﺘﻌﺮۤﻑ ﻳﺎ ﺭﻓﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎ ﻭﺁﻥ ﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤـﺮ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺷﻲ ﺑﺒﻌﺞ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ،ﺑﻌﺠﻨـﺎ
ﻛﻠّﻮ ﻫﻠّﻖ ﺑﺸﺒّۤﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻨﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻴﺔ ﲝﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻼۤﺏ. ﺍﻟﺪﻑّ ﻭﻋﺪّﻳﻨﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻐٕﻨﺎۤ.
– ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﻛﻼّ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﲨﻴﻌﺎ ﻣﺘﻠﻨﺎ ﳌﺎ ﻛﻨـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﺑﻌﺞ ﺍﻟﻮﺑﺎ.
ﺯﻏﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻳۤﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻛﻼ ﺃﻣۤـﺔ
ﻭﻳﻦ؟. ﺑَﻌّٔﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺞ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐـﺔ،
ﻭ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻬﻢ.
ﺑَﻌْﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻇﺮﻑ ﻟﻠﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﻟﻠﻤﻜﺎﻥ ،ﺿﺪّ ﻗﺒﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﭼﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ﺍﳌﺒﻌّﺞ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﻄﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ :ﻣﺎ ﺃﺟﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﻃﺒﻴﺐ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻣـﺮﻳﺾ
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﻠﻘﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ :ﻳﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ! ﻭﻳـﺎ ﻛﺮﺩﻱ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﺣﻘﻨﺔ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻳﺴـﺎﻭﻳﺎ ،ﻟـﻴﺶ؟
ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻴﻮﱐ )ﻳﺮﺩﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳَﻤﱳ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ(. ﺟﺎﻭﺑﻮ ﺭﻓﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻱ :ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ﻋﻘﻠﻮ ﺑﻌﻘﺒﻮ ﻭﲞـﺎﻑ
ﺗﺒﻌﺞ ﻟﻮ ﻋﻘﻠﻮ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﺍﻷﺫﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﺒﻠﻐﻬﺎ ﻗـﺎﻝ:
))ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ((؟ ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺒﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺎﺽ ﰲ ﺃﺫﻳّﺘﻪ)) :ﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﻣﺘـﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺠﻮﺭﺓ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺿﺮﺑﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﮕﻠﻨﻚ ﻋﺮﺍﺳـﻮ
ﻗﺒﻼ((. ﻃﻠﻊ ﻟﻮ – ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻋﺎﻓﻴﻨﺎ – ﺑﻌﺠﻮﺭﺓ ،ﻋﺠّﺰ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ
ﻃﺎﺑﻴﺖ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻮﺀ ﳛﺪﺙ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺴﺪ ﺇﺛﺮ ﺿﺮﺏ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﻴﻮﻡ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺑﺸـﻬﺮ... ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻦ:
)ﻓﻴﻘﺤﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ( ﺑﻌﺪ ﺟﻬﺪ ﺟﻬﻴﺪ )ﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ
))ﺟﻬﻴﺪ(( ﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺮﻋﻰ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺟﻬَﺪﺗـﻪ –ً ١ﺃﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻓَﻌﻠﻮﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻌـﺞ(( ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣـﺔ
ﺍﻟﻨَﻌَﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻋﻲ( ،ﺑَﻌﺪَﻙ ﺷﺐّ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻻ ﺗﺰﺍﻝ ﺷﺎﺑﺎً(. ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑﻌﺠﻮﺟﺔ ،ﰒ ﺣﺮﻓﻮﻫﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻌﺠﻮﺭﺓ.
–ً ٢ﺃﻢ ﺣﺮﻓﻮﺍ ))ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﻮﺭﺓ(( )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﻞ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﱪﺓ ﺟﺒّۤﺔ ﲪﺮﺍ. ﳎﺘﻤِﻊ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺘﻜﺘّﻞ.
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ﺑﺘﻨﺪﻡ :ﻣﻦ ))ﺑَﻌْﺪ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ))ﻭٓﻧۤـﻪْ((: ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺱ ﻣـﺎ ﰲ ﺯﺭﺩﺍ ،ﻻ
ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﺼﻐﲑ ،ﺃﻱ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺯﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ. ﺗﺎﺧﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﺇٕﻻ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻗﺘﻠۤﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻣـﺎ ﺗﻨﺒـﺖ
ﺍﳊﺸﻴﺸۤﺔ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺍ )ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ( ،ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺃٕﻣّـﻲ
ﺑَﻌﺪﻳۤﻦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻷۤﳝﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﻭﺑﻌـﺪﻳﻦ؟ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺧﻴّﺎﰐ ﻛﻞ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﺟﲑﺍﻥ ،ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺍﺣﻔﻮﺭ ﻭﻃﻢ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻌﺪ(( ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ،ﻳﺘﻠﻮﻫﺎ ))ﺁﻥ(( )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﳏﺮﻓﺔ :ﲝﺬﻑ ﳘﺰﺎ ﻭﺇﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﺃﻟﻔﻬﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻌﺪﻳۤﻦ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﻭﻧۤﻪ.
ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ ))ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘﻪ(( ﻭﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﺇﱃ ﺃـﺎ
ﺗﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ،ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﲑ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﻌﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻌﺪ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ :ﺿـﺪّ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﺏ،
ﻭﺣﺪﺛﲏ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃَﻳْـﻦ ﻭﺃﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻃﻮﻟﻪ ﻭﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻭﻋﻤﻘﻪ.
ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻌﺐ ،ﻭﻻ ﺃﺭﻯ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺻـﻮﺍﺑﺎً ﻷـﻢ ﻻ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻌﺪ ﻭﺃﺑﻌﺎﺩ.
ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ))ﺍﻷﻳﻦ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺐ. ﻭﺗﺮِﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﺎﺀ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ:
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻌﺪ ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﻳﺎﻣﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻌْﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺭﺟﻴﻊ ﺫﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﳋﻒّ ﻭﺍﻟﻈﻠـﻒ ،ﺇﻻ
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻲ ﻓﻬﻮ ))ﺍﳋَﺜْﻲ((. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ :ﺱ ١۲ﻋﺪﺩ ٦١۰ﺹ ١١ﻭ.١٩
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮﺍﻳﺔ،
ﺑٕﻌۤﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻌُﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﺑُﻌﺪﺍً :ﻧـﺄﻯ ،ﺿـﺪّ
ﻭﲨﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮﺍﻳﺎﺕ .ﺃﻣﺎ ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮ ﻓـﻼ
ﻗﺮُﺏ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ.
ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺟﻨﺲ ﲨﻌﻲ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻌﺪ.
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ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ)) :ﺑﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ(( ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟـﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒَﻌﺮﻭﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻠﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣـﺔ
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳌﻘﻔﻊ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻄﻴﻒ ،ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻦ
ﺧﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ. ﺑﻌﺮ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺃﺷﺪ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﺭ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺎﰎ :ﻗﻠﺖ ﻟﻸﺻـﻤﻌﻲ :ﺭﺃﻳـﺖ ﰲ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌـﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌـﺮﻭﺭﺍﻱ
ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳌﻘﻔّﻊ)) :ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻛﺜﲑ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟـﺒﻌﺾ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮﻭﺭﺍﻳۤﺔ ،ﻭﲨﻌﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮﻭﺭﺍﻳﺎﺕ.
ﺧﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ(( ﻓﺄﻧﻜﺮﻩ ﺃﺷﺪّ ﺍﻹﻧﻜـﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ:
ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻼﻡ ﻻ ﻳﺪﺧﻼﻥ ﰲ ))ﺑﻌﺾ(( ﻭ))ﻛﻞ(( ،ﻷﺎ ﺑَﻌﺰٔﻕ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻌﺰﻕ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ :ﻓﺮّﻗﻬﺎ ،ﺑﺪّﺩﻫﺎ.
ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﻐﲑ ﺍﻟﻒ ﻭﻻﻡ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ﴿ :ﻭَﻛُﻞٌ ﺃَﺗَﻮْﻩُ ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻌﺜﻖ ﺍﻷﺷـﻴﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺜـﺮ
ﺩَﺍﺧِﺮِﻳﻦ﴾ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺎﰎ ﰲ ﺻﺪﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺳـﻴﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺯﻋﺒﻖ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ،ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓﺮّﻗﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﺪّﺩﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻔﺶ ﺇﻳﺎﳘﺎ :ﻟﻘﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ،ﻓﺎﺟﺘﻨـﺐ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﺰَﻕ :ﻧﺜﺮ.
ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ. ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ ))ﺑﻌﺰﻕ(( ﰲ ))ﻫﺰ ﺍﻟﻘﺤﻮﻑ(( ﺹ.٢٩
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺰﻫﺮ ﺝ ٢ﺹ.١٥٨
ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝ. ﺑﻌﺺ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﻳﻨﻈـﺮﻭﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺑٔﻌٔﺼﻮّﺍ ﻭﺍﺰﻣۤﺖ] :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺂﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﻭﻣﺸﺎﺭﻢ[ :ﺍﺳﻢ
ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﺑﻌﻀـﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻌـﺾ، ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﻳﺄﻛﻠﻪ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ :ﻣﺎﺀ ﻣﻐﻠﻲ ﳑﻠّﺢ ﻳُﻔﻘـﺄ ﻓﻴـﻪ
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﻳﻨﻮﺑﻮﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺍﻟـﺒﻌﺾ ،ﺻـﻮﺍﺑﻪ: ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ،ﻓﺘﺠﻤﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﺗﻄﻔﻮ ،ﻳﻠﺘﻒّ ﺣﻮﳍﺎ
ﻳﻨﻮﺏ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ،ﻭﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﻳﻘﺮّﺏ ﺍﻷﻣـﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ،ﻳﻐﻤﺴﻮﻥ ﻟﻘﻤـﺔ ﺍﳋﺒـﺰ ﰲ ﻣﺮﻗﻬـﺎ ﰒ
ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﻳﻘﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﺑﻌﻀـﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟـﺒﻌﺾ ﻳَﻤﺴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻣﺴّﺎً ﺭﻓﻴﻘﺎً ﻓﺘﻨﺪّ ،ﻭﺗﻈﻞ ﻫﻜﺬﺍ
ﺍﻵﺧﺮ. ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﳜﺸﻰ ﻓﺴﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬ ﻭﺟﺒﺔ ﻏﻨﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻣﺜﻞ ))ﺑﻌﺾ(( ))ﻛُﻞّ((. ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺟۤﻴﺠۤﺔ ﻃﺎﺭۤﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺧﺪ ﺑﻌﻀﻮ ﻭﺭﺍﺡ ،ﺇٕﻥ ﺳﺒّﻴﺘﻮ
ﻭﺍﻥ ﻣﺪﺣﺘﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﻌﻀﻦ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩۤﺓ ﺃﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﻧَﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑٔﻌْﺾ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻃﺎﺋﻔـﺔ ﻣﻨـﻪ ،ﻭﰲ
ﺑﻌﻀﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺪﺧﻠﻬﺎ ))ﺍﻝ(( ﻷﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻟﻔﻈـﺎً
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻠـﺪﻧﺎ ﺯﻏـﲑۤﺓ ﻭﻣﻨﻌـﺮۤﻑ ﻛﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ،ﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﺍً ﻛﺒﻌﺾٌ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻭﺑﻌﺾ ﻫﻨـﺎﻙ،
ﺑﻌﻀﻨﺎ. ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻤﻌﻲ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﻭﺃﺑـﻮ
ﺣﺎﰎ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺪﻱ.
ﺑٔﻌٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻌَﻖ ﺑُﻌﺎﻗﺎً ﻭﺑِﻌﺎﻗﺎً :ﺻﺎﺕ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍً،
ﺻﺮﺥ. ﻭﺗﺪﺧﻠﻬﺎ ))ﺍﻝ(( ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﺑـﻦ ﺩﺭﺳـﺘﻮﻳﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻲ ،ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺳـﻴﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻔـﺶ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒْﻌﻴـﻖ ،ﻭﱂ ﳒـﺪﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﲑﻭﺯﺑﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺒﺎﺡ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ
))ﺍﳌَﱳ((. ﻋﺒﻴـﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻷﺯﻫـﺮﻱ ،ﻭﺟـﺮﻯ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺤـﺎﺓ
ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﻧﺒﻌﻖ.
١٤٠
ﺑْﻌَﻠْﺒَﻚ :ﻧﺬﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﻷﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊـﻼﻭﺓ ﰲ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻌَﻖ.
ﺣﻠﺐ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ :ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺣﻼﻭۤﺓ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺑْﻌَﻠْﺒﻚ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﲰﻌﻨﺎ ﺯْﻋﻴﻖ ﻭﺑﻌﻴﻖ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ ﺑَﻌْﻠَﺒﻚ :ﺑﻠﺪﺓ ﰲ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻛـﺎﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺭﻣﻠۤﺔ ﻭﻣﺎﻻ ﺍﻭﻻﺩ :ﻻ ﺟـﻮﺯ
ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻫَﻠْﻴﻮٓﺑﻮٓﻟِﻴﺲ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻘـﺮّﺍً ﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﺰﻋٔﻖ ﻭﻻ ﻭﻟﺪ ﺑﺒﻌٔﻖ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ،ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻌﺒﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﻢ ﮊﻭﭘﻴﺘـﺮ ]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺃﻣﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺍﻷﺧﺖ
ﻫﻠﻴﻮ ﭘﻮﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺣﻞّ ﳏﻞّ ﺍﻹﻟﻪ ))ﺣَﺪَﺩ((. ﻷﺧﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ:
ﺗﺲ ﺗﻚ ﺗﺲ ﺗﻚ ﺗﺲ ﺗﻜﻬﺎ ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﺃﻣّﺎ ﻭﺧﻠّﺘﻬﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺮﻕ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﱐ ٢٦۰ﺳـﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺼّﺎﺻﺔ ﻧﺴﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺧﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﺗﺒﻌﻖ ﺟﻨﱯ
ﺑﻘﻲ ﻣﻨﻪ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺔ ،ﻭﺑﲏ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻣﻌﺒﺪ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻟﻺﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﺧﻮﺱ. ﺑَﻌﻜَٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻧﲔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﻋﺼﺮﻧﺎ :ﻛـﺎﻥ
ﺣﺎﺳﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﻋﻦ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ،ﻻ ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺌـﺰﺭﺍً،
ﺍﻟﺒَﻌﻠِﻲ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺻـﺎﺣﺐ ﳛﻠﻲ ﺻﺪﺭﻩ ﺑﻌﻘﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺮﺯ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷـﻜﻞ
ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻔﺎﺕ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١١٩٢ﻫ. ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ،ﻭﻳﺼﻴﺢ :ﺻﺤﺎﻳﻒ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻔﺎﺕ ﳎﺎﻧﻴﻨﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ:
ﺑْﻌۤﻴﺒﻴﻘٔﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﺷﺮﺍﻢ[ :ﻃﻌـﺎﻡ ﺇﺩﻟـﱯ: ﺻﺤﺎﻳﻒ ﻣﺮﻗّۤﻊ ﺟﺮﺍﺑﻮ ﺻﺤﺎﻳﻒ ﻣﺰﻳّۤﺖ ﺑﺎﺑﻮ
ﻳﺮﻭّﺑﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺎۤﺑﻴۤﺔ ﲟﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴـﻜّﺮ ﺃﻭ ﲟـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟـﺪﺑﺲ ،ﰒ ﺻﺤﺎﻳﻒ ﻛﻞ ﺍﺎۤﻧﲔ.
ﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﲔ ﺍﶈﻤّﺺ ،ﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﺒﻴﻘﺔ :ﻟﻌﻠـﻬﺎ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﲟﻌﲎ ))ﻣﻊ(( ﻭ))ﻋﻴۤﺒﻴﻘـﺔ(( ﺗﺼـﻐﲑ ﺍﻟﻌَﺒِﻘـﺔ ﺍﻟﺒَﻌْﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺭﺽ ﺑَﻌْﻞ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻ ﻋـﲔ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻳﻔﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻠﺒِﻘﺔ. ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﺴﻘﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻻ ﳎﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﺀ ﺗﺸﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻪ .ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻌﻞ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ :ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺔ ﻻ ﻳﺼﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﺳَﻴْﺢ ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻞ ،ﻭﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒْﻌﻴﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻌﻴﺪ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺐ. ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻉ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ :ﻣﺎ ﺳﻘﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻌﻴﺪَﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺳﻜﻨﻮﺍ ﺃﻭﻟﻪ ﻭﺃﻣـﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻌـﻞ – ﻭﻛـﺬﺍ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ. ﻣﻨﺘﻮﺟﻬﺎ – ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳُﻌﺒﺪ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺍﻹﻟـﻪ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻌﻴﺪ ﻭﺑَﻌﻴﺪﺍً. ﺑﻌﻞ ،ﻓﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺃﺭﺽ ﺑﻌﻞ ،ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻟﻮﻟـﻪ ﰲ ﺫﻟـﻚ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑْﻌﻴﺪ. ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ :ﻣﻮﻛﻮﻝ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺳﻘﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﻟﻪ ﺑﻌﻞ ﺇﻥ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺃﻧﺰﻝ
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﭽﻜﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺮّ ،ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻨّﻚ. ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﻄﺮ .ﻭﻇﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻮﻣﻨـﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻬـﻢ
ﻭﺗﺄﰐ ﺣﺸﻮ ﲨﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺒـﻴﺢ: ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻪ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ – ﺍﻟﺒْﻌﻴﺪ – ﻳﻨﻌﻞ ﺃﺑـﻮﻩ ﻛﻠـﺐ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺣﺎﺷﺎﻙ. ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺯﺭﻉ ﺑﻌﻠﻲ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻘـﻮﻝ :ﺯﺭﻉ
ﺑﻌﻞ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺄﰐ ﺣﺸﻮ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳُﺮﻏﺐ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺃﻻّ
ﺗﻨﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺐ :ﻛـﻨﺖ – ﺑْﻌﻴـﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺮ ،ﺃﻭ ﺑﻌـﻴﺪ ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺒٕﻌْﻞ :ﺿﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻲ.
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ﺑْﻌِﻴﺪﻳﻦ :ﺑﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﴰﺎﱄ ﺣﻠـﺐ ،ﺗﺴـﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻨّﻚ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨّﻚ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻨّﻚ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻨّﻚ ،ﺃﻭ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻌﺎﺫﻳﻦ ،ﻗﺎﻝ: ﻗﺒﺎﱄ ،ﺃﻭ ﺑْﻌﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮﻥ.
ﻳﺎﻷﻳﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﲟﺮﺝ ﺑﻌﺎﺫﻳﻦَ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺿﺤﻚ ﺍﻟﺮُﺑَﺎ ﻧﻮّﺍﺭُﻩ
ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﻳﺎﻗﻮﺕ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺣٕﺲّ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻞ ﺑﺮﻭ ﻟَﺒْﻌﻴﺪ ،ﺃﻛﻠۤـﺔ
ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻌﺎﺩﻳﻦ. ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺳْﻌﻴﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻮ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ،ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻗﻔﺮﺍ ﻧﻔﺮﺍ ﻭﺍﳌـﺰﺍﺭ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺹ ١٨٩ﻭ.٢٥٢ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ،ﻣﻜّۤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﺷﻘﺎ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺑْﻌﻴﺪۤﺓ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ
ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﲝﺠﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺧـﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﺴﻼﻩ ﺍﳋﺎﻃﺮ ،ﺍﻟﺒْﻌﻴﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻠـﺐ
ﺩﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺨﻤﺔ ،ﻭﻓﺮﺷﺖ ﺃﺭﺿﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ، )ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ(( ﻻﺑﻦ ﴰﺲ
ﻭﻻ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﳍﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﳍﻨﺎﺀ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ ﺹ :١٤٢ﻭﻣﻦ ﻏﺎﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻏﺎﺏ ﻋـﻦ
ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﺧﺎﻡ ﻛﺮﺧﺎﻡ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﻳﻦ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﻨﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐِ(.
ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺑﻨﺎﺋﻪ ﺇﱃ ﳓﻮ ﺃﻟﻔﻲ ﺳﻨﺔ ،ﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ
ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻧﻀـﺐ ﺍﻵﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻮﻓﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﻴـﺪ ﺑﻘـﻮﻝ:
ﻭﺑﻘﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻠﻮ ﺑَﺮﻳﺪ ،ﺷﺪّ ﺍﳋﻴۤﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﺮﻉ ﺑﺮﮔﺪ ﺭﮔﻴﺪ.
ﻳﺘﻌﻬﺪﻫﺎ ))ﻗﻮﻳﻖ((.
ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻮﺭﻳﺔ :ﺑْﻌۤﺪۤﻥ ،ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣﻜـﺎﻥ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ :ﳍﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﻴﺎﻥ:
ﻋَﺪْﻥ ،ﺃﻱ ﺟﻨﺔ ﻋﺪْﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ. –ً ١ﺻﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻜﻴﻢ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﻋﻮﺍﻗـﺐ
ﻭﰲ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ))ﻋﺪﻳﻦ(( ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻧﻴـﺔ(( ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ.
ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﱃ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﻓﺈﻥ ﺻﺤﺖ ﻧﻈﺮﻳّﱵ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ﺍﳉﻨـﺔ ﰲ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻃﻠﻌۤﺖ ﻗﺎﻓﻠﺔ ﺑﺰﻣﺎﻧﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺴـﻞ
ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﺟﻬﻨﻢ ﰲ ﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺮﻭﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈـﺮ: ﳋﺎﻥ ﺷﻴﺨﻮﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺷﺘﺎۤ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺎ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻣﺘـﻞ
ﺟﻬﻨﻢ. ﻫﻠﻖ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻃﲔ ﻭﺍﺣﺠﺎﺭ ،ﻭﺻﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻓﻠـﺔ ﻟﻠﺨـﺎﻥ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻮﺑﺮﻱ: ﻭﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﺗﻌﺒﺎﻥ ﻫﻠﻜﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺯﻳـﺎﺩۤﺓ ﻭﻗـﻊ ﻭﺗﺰﺣﻠـﻖ
ﺷﺮﺑﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺑَﻌﺎﺫﻳﻦِ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦِ ﻭﺗﻔﺸﻜﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﻠﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ،ﺷـﻮﻓﻮٓ ﻭﺃﺟﺮﻳـﻪ
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺳﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ: ﻣﻘﺤﻮﻃﺔ ،ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺭ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻞ ﻭﺷﺎﻓﻮ ﻭﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑـﺎﻟﻮ ﻋـﻢ
ﻣﺎﻷﻳﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﲟﺮﺝ ﺑﻌﺎﺫﻳﻦَ ﺑﻌﻠﻚ ﻋﻠﻜﺘﻮ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ:
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺿﺤﻚ ﺍﻟﺮُﺑﺎ ﻧُﻮّﺍﺭُﻩ؟ – ﺍﻧﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺧﺎﻱ ﻣﺎ ﺷﻔﺘﻚ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺗﻔﺸـﻜﻠﺖ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﻗﻌﺖ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﻌﲑ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﻌﲑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻌﲑ :ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﺍﳉَﺬَﻉ
ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯﻝ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻓُﻄِﺮ ﻧﺎﺑﻪ :ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ – ﺃٔﻗٔﻊ ﺃَﺗﻔﺸﻜﻞ؟ ﻣﺎﻧﻚ ﺷﺎﻳۤﻒ ﻃﻮﱄ ﻭﻃﻮﻝ
ﺳﻨﻴّﻪ :ﻓﻌﻴﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﺃﻱ :ﻳﻠﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮ. ﺭﻗﺒﱵ ،ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑَﺸﻮﻑ ﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺑٔﻘٔﻊ.
ﻭﻋﻦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﻮﻳﻪ :ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻗـﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﻤـﺎﺭ –ً ٢ﺻﻔﺔ ﳌﻦ ﰲ ﺑﺼﺮﻩ ﻣﺮﺽ ،ﺿﺪّﻩ ﻗﺼـﲑ
ﻭﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﳛﻤﻞ. ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ ،ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻳﺘﻼﻓﺎﳘﺎ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ.
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ﲰﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺘۤﺔ ﰲ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﺷﻠﺤﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻣﺎﻱ ﻭﲢﻔّﻮﺍ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻌﲑﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـﺔ :ﺑْﻌـﲑَﺍ:
ﻭﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ: ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً ،ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭ ،ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ،ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺣّﺶ.
ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺻﻄﻔـﻮﺍ ﺃﺵ ﻣﺎﺣﻀﺮﻭﺍ ﻟﻔﻮّﺍ ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺒﺸﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻌﲑ.
ﲰﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺘﺔ ﰲ ﻛﺎﺯﻭ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻕ ﺑﻌﻜﺎﺯﻭ ﻭﲨﻌﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻷﺑﺎﻋۤﺮ.
ﻭ))ﻛﺎﺯﻭ(( ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﺒﻌﺪ ٧ﻛﻢ ﻋﻦ ﲪﺎﺓ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ.
ﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪﻱ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮﺓ ﺑﺘﺪّﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒَﻌﲑ.
ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﰲ ﺍﷲ:
ﺑٔﻐٔﺾ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻐﻀﻮ ،ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺃﺑﻐﻀﻪ ﻓﻬـﻮ ﻣﺘﻬﻮّۤﺱ ﺧﺎﻟۤﻚ ﻟﻮ ﺑﻌﲑ
ﻣُﺒﻐﺾ :ﻣﻘﺘﻪ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺃﺣﺒّﻪ. ﻣﺎﻳﺸﻮﻑ ﺍﳋﺎﻟﻚ ﻃﻴّﺎﺭﻩ
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻐﺾ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟـﺒُﻐﺾ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ، ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺎﺩْﻟﺔ :ﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺎﺩﻟﺔ.
ﻭﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻐﺾ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺑﻐﺎﺽ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ.
ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﻐﺾ ﻻ ﺃﺑﻐﺾ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﲰﻊ ﺑَﻐَﻀَﻪ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺾ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﲰﻊ ﺃﺑﻐﻀﻪ ﺑﻠﻔﻈﻪ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﻐﺒﻐﺎﻥ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟٔﺒﻬْﺒٔﻬﺎﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﺒﻐﻞ :ﻣﻨﻮ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ؟ ﻭﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻐﺎﻝ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﺃﻭﻟﻪ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟٓﻦ :ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﺧﺎﱄ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺳﺒﺐ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﺴﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ :ﻛﻞ ﻭﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺋﻌﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻐّﺎﻝ.
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﻣﺎﺭٕﺿْﻴﺖ ﺗﺸﻴﻞ ﺍﳊﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺪّٓﻥ ﳛﺮﻗﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑﻐّﻞ ﻓـﻼﻥ :ﻋﻤـﻞ
ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ ،ﺩﻋﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻘﻄﻊ ﻧﺴﻠﻮ. ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺎﻝ ،ﻭﻻ ﺗﺒﻐّۤﻞ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺣﺎﺟﺘَﻚ ﺑٔﻐْﻠَﻨۤـﺔ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄـﻒ :ﺱ ١٧ﺹ ٥٨ﻭ ﺱ ٢٣ﺹ ٢٢٢ﻭ ٢٢٧ﻭ ﺱ٢٤ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻠﻨﺎﺕ.
ﺹ.٧٤
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷـﻮﻳﺔ ﳊﻤـﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﺔ :ﺑَﺠْﻼٓ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧـﺚ :ﲜﻠﺘـﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ
ﺷﻘﻒ ﻣﺸﻮﻳّﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﺼﺎﺏ ،ﻭﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻷﻛـﻞ ﻳٕﻌﻠۤـﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﲜﻼَ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺑَﺠْﻠﺘَﺎ.
ﻳٕﻌﻠۤﻚ ﻣﺎﺗﻨﻌﻠﻚ ،ﻃﻠّﻊ ﰲ ﺩﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺎﺏ ﻫﻮﻥ ﻫـﻮﻥ )ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺟﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﻛَﺎﻓﺎً(.
ﺷﺎﻑ ﺩﻧﺐ ﺑﻐﻞ ،ﻭﻓﻬﻢ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺎﻝ :ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﱪﺻـﻴﺔ ﻭﻫـﻲ
ﻋﻄﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺎﺏ ﺣﻘّﺎ ﺑﺮﻏﻮﺩ ﻣﺰﻏﻮﻝ: ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ.
– ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩۤﺓ ﻋﻤﻠﺘﻚ ﻣﺰﻏﻮﻟﺔ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺯﻭﺭﻳۤـﺔ )ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮـﺎ
– ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﳊﻤﺘﻚ ﺍﳌﺒﻐﻮﻟﺔ. ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻇﻮﺭﻳّۤﺔ( ﻧﺴﺒﻮﻫﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺯﻭﺭ ﻟﺮﺷﺎﻗﺔ ﺣﺮﻛﺘـﻬﺎ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﻮﺱ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﺢ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻐﻠۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑﻦ :ﺩﻑ ﻳﻮﺿﻊ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻐّﺎﻟﺔ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻳﻮﺭﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻐـﻞ ﲟﻌـﺮﺽ
ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴـﻄﻮﻝ ،ﲰﻴـﺖ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﺮﻭﺓ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻫﺎﳊﻄﺎﻃﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺣﺎۤﻃّﺎ ﺃﺑـﻮ ﻋﺒـﺪﻭ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ ﲜﺎﻣﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻳﻌﺘﻠﻲ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﺁﺧﺮ. ﺑﺘﺴﻮٔﻯ ﺑﻐﻞ ﺃﷲ ﻳﻬﻨَﻴﻪ ﻓﻴّﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻐْﻠۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﻨّﺎﺋﲔ :ﺩﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺗﺒﲎ ﻟﻠﺠـﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ.
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻫﻲ ﻭﲢﺸّﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ ﻟﺘﻘﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻮﻁ ،ﲰﻴـﺖ ﻭﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ ﺟ ١۰ﺹ.٧٩
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ ﲜﺎﻣﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻳﻌﺘﻠﻲ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﺁﺧﺮ. ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻘﺮﻳﺰﻱ.
–]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﻮﺱ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻐْﻤۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﻏﻤﻪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺼـﺪﺭ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﺑﺘﻘﺪّﻡ ﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﺑﻘﺪّﻡ ﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺮَﻓﺲ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﻐـﻞ
))ﺑﻮﻏﻤﻖ(( :ﺍﳋﻨﻖ ،ﺍﻟﺸﺪّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺭ :ﺿﻬﺮﻭ ﺗﻌﺒﺎﻥ ﻭﺑﻴۤﻀﺎﺗﻮ ﻣﻐﺒّﺮﺓ.
ﺇﻃﻼﻗﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﺎﺀ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘـﻼﺩﺓ
ﺗﻄﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﻠّﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﺆﻟﺆ ﺗﺘﺤﻠﻰ ﺎ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗٔﺸّۤﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ ﻭﻛْﻨﻮٓﺱ ﲢﺘﻮٓ ﻣﺎ
)ﺃﺿﺮﺏ( ﻣﺎﳋﺎﻝ ﺇﻻ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺧﺘﻮ ،ﻋﺎﻟﻄﺮﻗٔﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺑﻐﻤﺎﻱ ﻭﺑﻐﻤﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﻐﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ( ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻗٔﺔ ﻭﻋﺎﻟﺸﻐﻠۤﺔ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻠۤﺔ ،ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳉـﻮﻉ
ﻭﺑﻐﻤﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺑٕﻐَﻢ. ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻠّۤﺔ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻚ ﺣْﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻭﺑﻐﻠۤﺔ ،ﻫﺎﻟﺸِﻲ ﺑﺴﻮﻯ ﺑﻐﻞ.
١٤٤
ﺑٔﻖّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑٔﻖ ﺍﳌٔﻲّ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ: ﻭﳌﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮ ﺯﻱّ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻐﻤـﺔ ﺑﻄـﻞ ﺯﻱ
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻖّ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﺎﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺑـﻊّ ﺍﳌـﺎﺀ: ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠّﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻔﺪﻋﺔ.
ﺻﺒّﻪ. ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻭﱂ ﻳﺸﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺃـﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻴـﺔ
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻖّ. ﺍﻷﺻﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﻳﺒﻖّ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﻘﻮ. ﺑْﻐﻴﺪﻳﻦ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺃﻋﺰﺍﺯ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ:
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺟْﺪﻳﻦ )ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﻛَﺎﻓﺎً( :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳋﻴﻮﻁ ،ﻛﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻖّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻮﺽ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﻣﺎﻧﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻔٕﺴْﻔٓﺲ. ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ.
)ﺣﻠﺐ .(٨٧
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘّﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘّﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘّﺎﻳۤﺔ.
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺍﻕ :ﺍﻟﺒـﻖ ،ﻭﰲ ﺩﻣﺸـﻖ: ﺍﻟﺒٕﻐْﻴۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻐﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻣﻮﺱ ،ﻭﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻓﺎﺱ )ﺃﻱ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﻓـﺎﺱ
ﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﺑﻪ( ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻖ. ﺑٕﻒّ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻷﻃﻔـﺎﻝ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺘـﻬﺎ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﻘّٓﺎ :ﺍﻟﱪﻏﺶ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ: ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺦ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻـﻮﺕ
ﺑَﻘّﺎ. ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺦ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺃﻣﻬﺎﻢ[:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ ﺟ ١۰ﺹ.٣۰١
ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻮﺽ. ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺯﻳﺖ ﰲ ﻛﻔّﻲ ﻻﻃﺒﺦ ﺑٕﻔﱢﻲ ﻻﻃﺒﺦ ﺑٕﻔﱢﻲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺗﻠﺖ ﺑﻼﻭﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻼﻭﻱ ﺍﳊﻖ: )ﺗﻘﻮﳍﺎ ﻭﺗﻐﻤـﺲ ﺳـﺒﺎﺑﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺭﺍﺣـﺔ ﺍﻟﻴـﺪ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻖّ ﻭﺍﻟﺪٔﻕّ ﻭﺍﻟٔﻨﻖّ. ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ،ﻓﻴﻌﺘﺎﺩ ﺣﲔ ﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻐﻤﺴﻬﺎ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﺮﺱ ﺑﺘﻠﻘﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻖ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓـﻼﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺑٕـﻒّ ﻭﺑﻨﺎﻡ
ﲤﺸﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺣﺎﻓﺮﻫﺎ ﺭﺷﻴﻘﺎً(. ﺃَﺁّ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﻳﺘﻨﻌﻢ(.
ﻗٕﺮﺑٔﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻔﻬﻢ.
ﺟﺎۤﻣۤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻖّ :ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﰲ ﺣﻲّ ﺳﺎﺣﺘﺒﺰﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻕّ ﻭﺟﺎۤﻣۤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻖ ﺿﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻔّﺎ :ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﭽﻔﺖ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒـﺔ
ﻓﻴّﻦ ﺍﳊﻖ )ﻗﺎﻟﻪ ﳎﻬﻮﻝ ﺗﻌﺪّﻯ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻧـﺎﺱ ﰲ ﻫـﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ،ﲰﻲ ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻷﻥ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﻨﻔﺦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻃﻲﱠ
ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻧﲔ ﻭﺷﻜﺎ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﻭﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺩ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻪ ،ﻛﺄﳕﺎ ﻳﺘﻠﻮ ﻋﺰﳝﺔ ﰒ ﻳﻨﻔﺦ.
ﻗﺪﻣﻬﻢ ﺃﻧﻜﺮﻭﺍ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻱ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻪ(. ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺍﻟﺒﻔّﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻐّﺎﻳۤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻔّﺎﺕ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻔّﺎﻳﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻖّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻄﻴﲏ ﺑٕﻖّ ﻣﻲّ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣـﻞﺀ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻔْﺘۤﻚ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻔﺘﻴۤﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ BIFTECK :ﻋـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻔـﻢ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻮﻗٓـﺎ :ﺍﻟـﺪﻭﺭَﻕ )ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ :BEEF – STEAK :ﺷﻮﺍﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺨﺬ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻞ.
ﻣﻜــﻴﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﺸـﺮﺍﺏ( ،ﻭﺍﳉـﺮّﺓ ،ﺃﻭﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﻔﺘَﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻓْﺘَﻪ :ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﲏ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ
ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻔﺘﻪ.
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]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑٔﻘٔﻰ ﻟﻚ ﺣﺴﺒۤﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ،ﻭﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :BOCCA :ﺍﻟﻔﻢ.
ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎﺑٔﻘٔﻰ ﻟﻚ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﺷﻲ ،ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻴﺖ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺣـﺪﺍ ؟، ﺍﻧﻈﺮ:ﭘٔﺄﭘٔﺄ.
ﺍﺑﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻳﺪﻭٓ ﺳﺎﻭﻳﻪ ،ﺣَﻜْﻴَﻚ ﻛﻠّﻮ ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻰ ﻳٕﺴـﻠٓﻚ، ﻭﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻄﻠﺒﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﻳﺼﻮّﺗﻮﻥ:
ﻫﺎﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻰ ﻳٕﻨﻔﻌﻚ. ﭘٔﺄﭘٔﺄ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻭﺣﺪۤﺓ ﻧﻔﺴﺎ ﻭﻭﺣﺪۤﺓ ﻋـﺮﻭﺱ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺣﻖ ﰲ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺣٕﻖ ﺑٕﻖ :ﺣﻜﺎﻳـﺔ ﺻـﻮﺕ
ﻭﻣﲏ ﺑٔﻘٔﻰ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﲢﻮﺱ ،ﺧﻠﱢﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻘﺎ ﳌﻦ ﺑٔﻘٔﻰ ،ﻣـﺎﺑﻘﻰ ﺧﻠﺠﺎﺕ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ.
ﺑﺎﳌﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﻏﲑ ﺣْﺪﻳۤﺪﺍﻥ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑْﻘﻮﻕ ﻭﺑﻘﻮﻗﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﻤۤﻞ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻘـﻂ ﻣـﺎﺑﻘﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻄﻴﲏ ﺑٕ ّﻖ ﻣٔﻲّ )ﻳﺘﻮﺍﺿـﻊ ﰲ
ﻧﺎﻗﺼﻮ ﺇﻻ ﴰﻌﺪﺍﻥ ،ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺇﻻ ﻭﺳﺦ ﺇﺟﺮﻳﻨۤـﺎ، ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﺎﺩﻳﻦ( ،ﻋﺒّﻰ ﺑﻘّﻮ.
ﻋﻄﻴﻨﺎﻩ ﻭﭺ ﺑﻘﻰ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺑْﻄﺎﻧۤﻪ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺷﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﳌّﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻔّﺎﺭ ﺷـﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭ
ﳜﺎﻑ ﺍﳊﻤﲑ ،ﺗﻌﺎ ﺑﻘﺎ ﻭﻗٔﻨﺪﻗﺎ. ﻟَﻴﺤﺮﻗﻮﺍ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻘﺮﻗّٔﺔ ﻋﻢ ﺗﻌﺒﱢﻲ ﲤّﺎ ﺑْﻘﻮﻗـﺔ
ﻣٔﻲ ﻭﺑﺘﺼﺒّﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﻨﺎﺭ.
ﺑٔﻘّٔﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻘّﺎﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻗﻴﺎً.
ﺑٔﻘٔﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺑٔﻘٔﻰ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﻘﺎﺀ )ﻭﺗﺴـﻬﻞ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺑﻘﻰ. ﳘﺰﺗﻪ( :ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭﺩﺍﻡ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻔﻌﻞ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ :ﺑٕﻘِﻲ،
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻘﻲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻤّﻮ ﺑﻘّﻲ ﱄ ﻫﺎﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺃﻣﺎﻧـﺔ
ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎﺧٔﻠّﻰ ﻭﻻ ﺑٔﻘّـﻰ )ﺃﻱ :ﻣـﺎﺗﺮﻙ ﻣـﻦ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺔ[ :ﰲ ﻋﻤﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻘٔﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻔﺎﻫﺔ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍً ﺇﻻ ﺃﺗﻰ ﺑﻪ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺩۤﻱ ﺑٔﻘٔﺎ ،ﺑَﺲ ﺑٔﻘٔﺎ ،ﺣﺎﺟۤﺔ ﺑٔﻘٔﺎ،
ﺭﻭ ﻋﻦ ﲰﺎﻧﺎ ﺑٔﻘٔﺎ ،ﻓْﺮﻭٓﻕ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﺑٔﻘٔﺎ ،ﻟـﻴﺶ ﳓﻨۤـﻪ ﻣـﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺻـﺎﺣﺒﻚ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺩﺕ ﺗْﺒﻘﻴّـﻪ ﻋﺠﺒﻨﺎﻙ ﺑٔﻘٔﺎ ،ﺑٔﻘٔﺎ ﻳَﻜﺎﻥ ،ﺑٔﻘٔﺎ ﺳـﻴﺪﻱ )ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺸـﺎﻡ:
ﻻﺗﺎﺧٓﺪ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻪ. ﺳﻴﺪﻭ(.
ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﻞ ﺍﶈﺘﺎﻟﲔ :ﺃٕﺟﺎ ﳏﺘﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪۤﺓ ﻗﺮﻳﺒۤـﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻔﺎﺕ ﳎﺎﻧﻴﻨﻬﻢ[ :ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻨﻮﻥ ﻧﺴﻴﺖ
ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻏﲏ ﻭﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻳﺎﻋﻤّﻮ ﺑﺪّﻙ ﺗﺒﻘّـﻲ ﺍﲰﻪ – ﻷﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺳـﺘﲔ ﺳـﻨﺔ – ﻳﻜﺜـﺮ ﻣـﻦ
ﱄ ﻫﺎﻹﺩَﻋْﺶ ﺃﻟﻒ ﻟﲑﺓ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﻣﻮﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ)) :ﺑﻘﺎ(( ،ﲰﻌﺘﻪ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻄﻴّۤﺔ(( ﻭﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻧۤﺔ
ﻭﺣﻴﺎ ،ﺑﺪّﻙ ﲤﻀﻲ ﱄ ﻫﺎﻟﺴﻨﺪ. ﻳﺄﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺳﺄﻟﺘﻪ :ﻣْﻦَ ﻟﻠﻚ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻧۤﺔ ؟ ﺃﺟﺎﺏ:
ﻃﻠّﻊ ﻋﺎﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﺷﺎﻓﻮ ﻣﻈﺒﻮﻁ ﺑـﺎﳌﺒﻠﻎ ،ﺃﺧـﺪ ﻫﻴۤﻜۤﺔ ﺑﻘﺎ ﻫﻴۤﻜۤﺔ ﻫﺎﻷﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﻴّۤﺔ ﺑﻘﺎ ﻫﻴﻜۤـﺔ،
ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﻣﻀﻰ ﻟﻮ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﻋﺮﻑ ﺃﻧﻮ ﰲ ﻫﺎﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﻣﻜﻴﺪﺓ ﻃﻌﻤﺎﻧﺎ ﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﻫﻴﻜﺔ ،ﺯﻛﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻫﻴﻜـﺔ )ﰒ ﻫــﺮﺏ
ﻭﻫﻴـّﻪ :ﺗـﺮﻙ ﺷﻮﻳّﺔ ﻓـﺮﺍﻍ ﻗﺒـﻞ ﺍﻟـﺮﻗﻢ ﻭﻗﺒـﻞ ﻣﲏ(.
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ﺑٔﻘﺒٔﻖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻘﺒﻘﺖ ﺍﻟﻘِﺪﺭ :ﻏﻠﺖ ،ﺻـﻮّﺗﺖ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻢ ،ﻭﺃﺟﺎ ﺯﺑﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﰲ ﻭﻛﺘﺐ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴـﻊ
ﻏﻠﻴﺎﺎ. ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﺑﺎﳊﱪ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ١١١۰۰۰ﻣﺎﺋـﺔ ﻭﺃﺣـﺪ
ﻋﺸﺮ ﺃﻟﻒ ﻟﲑﺓ.
ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻬﺎ :ﺗﺒﻘﺒﻖ. ﰒ ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﻯ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺭﲝﻬﺎ.
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺘﻪ ﺟﻴﺔ :ﻃﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺒٔﻘﺒۤﻖ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻘّﺎﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻌﻬّﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ.
ﻭﻗﻠﱯ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﻘﻴﻖ ﳏّﺎ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘّﺎﺭٔﺓ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺎﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﳛﻔﻈﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ:
ﻣﺎﺑﻘﺒﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺯ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺄﻟﱡﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻘّﺎﻝ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺋﻊ
ﻳﺸﻜﻮ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻣﺎﻻﻗﺎﻩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎ ِﺭ ﺍﳋﻀﺎﺭ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺣﻠـﺐ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻘّﻘَﺖ ﻗۤﺪﺭﺍٓ :ﻏﻄﻐﻄﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ، ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺪﻟﻮﻝ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﻛﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺗﻘـﻮﻝ ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘّﺎﻟﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﲜﺒﺞ )ﻭﺍﳉﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻳﻠﻔﻈـﺎﻥ ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﺍﻝ ،ﻷﻧـﻪ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﰲ
ﻛَﺎﻓﲔ(. ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ ﻳﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﻣﺘﺎﻋﺎً ﲟﺘﺎﻉ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻘٓﻼٓ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﻝ :ﺑﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﳋﻀـﺎﺭ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻇﻼﻢ[ :ﺇﻥ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻣﺮﻗﺔ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﻗﺎﺿـﻲ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻘٓﻼ.
ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺔ ﺃﻗﺒَﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﺔ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻴّﺔ ﻣٕﱰﺭﻧۤﻖ ﻣﺮﻗـﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﺒﻘﺒۤﻖ ﻣﺮﻗﺔ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻴّـﺔ، ﺑﻘﺎﻝ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BACAL :
ﻭﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻣﺮﻗﺔ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻗﺒَﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﺔ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BAKALIS :
ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺔ ﻣﱰﺭﻧۤﻖ ﻣﺮﻗﺔ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﺒﻘﺒـﻖ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BAKALIN :
ﻣﺮﻗﺔ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺔ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺇﺩﻟﱯ ﻭﺭﳛﺎﻭﻱ ﺳﺒﺤﻮﺍ ﺳﻮﺍ، ﺍﻟﺒٔﻘّﺎﻣﻴّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺰﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻬﺎ ﻧﺴـﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﺮﳛﺎﻭﻱ ﻓَﻠّﺖ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻲ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ ﺍﻹﺩﻟﱯ :ﺃﺷﻮ ﻫـﺎﺩﺍ ؟ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ،ﳍﺎ ﺷـﺮّﺍﺑﺔ ﺯﺭﻗـﺎﺀ
ﺟﺎﻭﺑﻮﺍ :ﺍﳌﻲ ﺑﻘﺒﻘۤﺖ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﺻﺎﺭﻭ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﻟۤﺒۤﺔ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺍ ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺳﻄﺤﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻌﻘﻮﺩ ﺃﻋﻼﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺼـﺐ
ﺃﻫﻞ ﺭﳛﺎ :ﺃﻫﻞ ﺑﻘﺒﻘۤﺖ. ﺍﳌﱪﻭﻡ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺎﺳﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻴﱪٔﻕ ﺑٔﻘﺒٔﻖ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻘّﻢ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ :ﺻﺒﻐﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺒَﻘَﻢ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﻢ
ﺷﺠﺮ ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺒـﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺑﺪّﻱ ﻗﻨﺪﺭﺓ ﺗﺰٔﻗﺰۤﻕ ﺑـﺪﱢﻱ ﺻﺒﻎ ﺑﲏ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟـﺒﻘﻢ – ،ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﺄﺻﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳉﺰﻣـﺔ ﺃﻥ
ﻃﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺗﺒٔﻘﺒۤﻖ. ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ ،ﰒ ﺗﻔﻨﻨﻮﺍ ﻓﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ،
ﺻﺒﻐﻮﺍ ﺟﻠﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻘﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﻣّﺎﻥ ،ﰒ ﺳﺎﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺰﻱ ﻋﻨﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ – ﺍﷲ ﻳﺮﲪﻮ – ﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ.
ﻣﺘﻞ )ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺘۤﺔ( ﰲ ﺧﺰﺍۤﻧﺔ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ :ﺑﻘﺒﻘﺔ ﺑَﻼﺭﳛﺔ. ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻣﺎﻱ ﺑﻘّﺎﻣﻴّﺔ.
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ﻭﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺠﺔ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻣﻨﺪﻳﻠۤـﺔ ﺑٔﻖ ﺑٔﻖ ﺑٔﻖ ﺑٔﻖ ﺑُﻮ :ﳛﻜﻮﻥ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ﻫﺎﺋﺠـﺎً
ﻣْﺒﻘّﺠﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺭﺳﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺎﺕ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ: ﺻﺎﺋﺤﺎً ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺍً ﺣﻮﻝ ﺃﻧﺜﺎﻩ ،ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺀﻭﰲ.
ﺑﻘّﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺠۤﺔ :ﺻﺮّﻫﺎ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻟﺴّﺎﻙ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺒﻘﺒﻖ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺀﻭﰲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻗﺪ ﻣﺎﺑٕﻜﻲ ﺑﻘّﺞ ﺃٕﻧﻔﻮ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﻘﺒﻮﻗٔﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻘﺒـﻖ
– ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ –
]ﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﻢ[ :ﺳﺒﻊ ﺑٕﻘَﺞ ﺑﻘّﺠﺖ ﻭﻋﺒّﻴﺘـﺎ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻘَﺞ ﺑﻔﺴﺘٓﻖ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﺃﺑﺪﻋﺘﻪ ﻟﺒﻨـﺎﻥ،
ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ. ﻭﻫﻮ ﻏﲑ ﺑﻘﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺃﻣﻬﺎﻢ[:
ﺟﺎﻧۤﻢ ﺟﺎﻧۤﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﻧﺎﻃﺮﻛﻲ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻘﺠۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﻏﭽﻪ ،ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ:
ﺃﲪﺪ ﺑﺎﺷـﺎ ﻗﺪﺍﻣۤﻚ ﺷﺎۤﻳۤﻞ ﺑﻘﺠﺔ ﲪّﺎﻣۤﻚ ))ﺑﻮﻍ(( :ﺍﻟﺼُﺮّﺓ ،ﻭ ))ﭼَﻪ(( :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻐﲑ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻬﺎ
ﲪّﺎﻣﻚ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﻭﺧﺪّﺍﻣۤﻚ ﺳﺘﺔ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻔُﺮﺱ :ﺑُﻘﭽﻪ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﻘﺠﺎﺕ ﻭﺑٕﻘَﺞ.
ﺑﻘﺠﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﳌﻠۤﻚ: ﻭﺗﺼﻐﲑﻫﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘّﻮﺟۤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘّﻮﺟﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻘﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ ﲢﺘﻬﺎ. ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺠﺔ ﰲ ))ﻫﺰ ﺍﻟﻘﺤﻮﻑ(( ﺹ.٢٤
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﭘﻴﺔ.BAGAGE :
ﺑﻘﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ] :ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﺷﺮﺍﻢ[ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻘﺠﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ ﺍﳌﻤﺘـﺎﺯﺓ،
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ،ﻭﻫـﻲ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻷﺎ ﺗﻄﻮﻯ ﻭﺗُﺼَﺮّ.
ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﺮّﺓ ،ﻭﰲ ﻃﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ ﺍﳌﻘﺸﻮﺭ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﻩ. ﻭﻋﺮﰊ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺠﺔ :ﺍﳌِﻴﺪﻉ ﻭﺍﳌِﻴﺪﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼِـﻮﺍﻥ:
)ﻣﺎﺗﺼﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ(.
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺑﻘﺠﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ،ﻭﺻـﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺸَﻌﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻣـﻮﻱ ﻭﻏـﲑﻩ
ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ،ﺇﺫ ﲰـﻮﺍ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﺭ ﻭﻣﻀﻤﺨﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺴﻚ ،ﰒ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺑﻴﺞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺓ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﰒ ﳌﺎ ﺟـﺎﺀ ﻋﻬـﺪ ﻣﻠﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﺑﻌﺸﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻘَﺞ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ،ﻭﻛﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﺗﻔﻨﻨﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺓ. ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺞ ﻣﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ،ﻳﻔﺘﺤـﻮﻥ ﻫـﺬﻩ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻘْﺪﻭﻧۤﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻭﻧِﺲ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻫﺎﱏﺀ: ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺞ ﰲ ﻋﻴﺪ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻒ ،ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺑﻌـﺪ
))ﻭﳓﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻃﺮﺧﻮﻥ((
ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳـﻴﺒﺎ
ﻋﺎﻝ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻌﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺼـﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻈـﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﻠـﻮﺭﻱ
ﻭﻳـﻠﺜﻤﻪ.
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ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ،ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺒﻠﺔ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ﺑﱪﻏﻞ ،ﻭﻣﻐﻠﻴّﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ MAKEDHONICION :ﲟﻌـﲎ:
ﺩﻭﺍﺀ ﻟﻺﺩﺭﺍﺭ ﻭﺗﻄﻬﲑ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻏﲏ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻴﺘﺎﻣﲔ ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻘﺪﻭﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ
ﺙ.C : ﺑﺎﻟﻼﺗﻴﲏ ﻳﺪﻝّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻭﻃﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻘﺪﻭﻧﻴﺔ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺑﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ :ﺩﺧﻴﻞ ﻗﺪﱘ
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧْﺴِﻲ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻘﻞ ﺍﻷﻧﺲ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧْﺴِﻲ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊﺠـﺮ ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻣﻘﺪﺍﻧﻮﺱ.
ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﻱ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﺩﺍﻛﻦ ،ﻓﻴﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺧﻀـﺮ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺃﻣﲔ ﺭﻭﳛﺔ :ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ :ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻓﺲ
ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ. ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﺍﺳﺒﻮﻥ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ(( :ﻏـﲏ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻘٔﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺃﻫﻠﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮّﺗﻪ ﻟﻠﺠﺮ، ﺟﺪﺍً ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻴﺘﺎﻣﻴﻨﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻭﺻﻔﻪ ﻏﲑﻩ ﺑﻐﻨﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﳊﺪﻳﺪ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﻨﻪ ﻭﳊﻤﻪ ﻭﺟﻠﺪﻩ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺟﻨﺲ ﲨﻌﻲ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌـﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧْﺴۤـﺔ
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ،ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮﻩ :ﺍﻟﺜَﻮْﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺘٓﻮﺭ. ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺴﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺴﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺴـﺎﺕ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺴﺎﻳﺎﺕ.
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ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻣﺎﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﻔﺮ ﻭﺗﱰﻳﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﺎﺑﻼﺀﻡ ﺇﻟٕـﻚ :ﻣﺘـﻞ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ.PIKOS : ﺍﻟﺴَﺮﺝ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ،ﻓﻼﻧۤﺔ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﻭﻟﺴّﻌﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺟﻮﺯﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴـﻞ
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺸﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻤﺸـﲑ ،ﻋـﻦ ﻟَﻮﺭﺍ.
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺃۤﻳﻨﺎﺷﻲ ﺃﻟﻮ ﺃﺭﺑﻌـﺔ ﺑْﻄَﻠﻌـﻮﺍ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ.BUXUS : ﻋﺎﻟﺴﻤﺎ ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﻭ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺑﻄﻌﻤﻮﺍ ﺍﳉﻮﻋـﺎﻥ:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.BOXTREE : )ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ :ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻗﺮﻧﺎﻫﺎ ﻭﺃﺫﻧﺎﻫـﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌـﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺲ ﻣﻌﻤّﺮ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ،ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻪ ﺑﺮّﻱّ. ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻤﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ :ﺿﺮﻭﻋﻬﺎ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻭﭼﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻋﺒﺘﻮ ﻣﺘـﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺺ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻚ ﻏﻨﻢ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻚ ﺑﻘﺮ.
ﻭﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﻥ ﺃﻫﻞ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ))ﻛﻔﺮ ﺩﺍۤﻋۤﻞ(( :ﺑﻘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻘْﺼٔﻤﺎٔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﻘْﺴَﻤﺎ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﻜْﺴَﻤﺎ :ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺳـﻜﺎﻥ ﺣﻮﺍﻓۤﺮ.
ﺃﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻟﺜﻠﺞ ﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﲑ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﺍﺏ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﻥ ﺃﻫﻞ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ))ﻣﺎۤﻳۤﺮ(( :ﺟﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ.
ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺐ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﲪﺎﺓ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻛﺎﻟﺴـﻮﻳﻖ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺇﺣﺼﺎﺀ :ﻋﺪﺩ ﺫﲝﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ﺳـﻨﺔ ١٩٦۰ﰲ
ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﲔ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﭘﺎﻙ((: ﺣﻠﺐ ١١٩٤ :ﺭﺃﺳﺎً.
ﺍﻟﻄُﻬﺮ ،ﻭﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ)) :ﲰﺎ(( :ﺍﻟﺴـﻤﺎﺀ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻃُﻬـﺮ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٢٤ﺹ ٤٩١ﻭ ﺱ ٤٤ﺹ ٤٩٢ﻭ ٥٩٨ﻭ ﺱ٤٥
ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ. ﺹ.٥٩٨
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ﺟ ١ﺹ .١۰٧ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﺯﻱ ﰲ ))ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺘـﻪ(( ﺑﻘـﻼﻭﺍ، ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.BISCUIT :
ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﺟﱪﺍﻥ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻭﻧﻌّﻮﻡ ﲞّـﺎﺵ ﰲ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ.BISCOTTO :
))ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺎﺗﻪ(( ﺟ ٣ﺹ ٢٥ﻣﻦ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ((: ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺴـﻤﺎﻁ ﺑﺎﻟﺴـﻤﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﺑـﺪﺓ
ﺑﻘﻼﻭٔﻯ ،ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻼﻣﻌﺎﺕ(( :ﺑـﺎﻗﻼﻭﺓ ﻭﺻﺐّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺯ ﲰﻲ ﺣﻴﺠﻲ ﺑﺎﺑﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺑﺎﻗْﻠَﻮﺍ:ﺣﻠﻮﻯ ﳍﺎ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ،ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣـﻦ ﺭﻗـﺎﺋﻖ
ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ ﺍﻟﻔﻄﲑ ﺃﺭﻕّ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺒُﺮَﻙ ﲤﺪ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ، ﺑٔﻘّٔﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑٔﻘّٔﻄۤﺖ ﺇﻳﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﳋﺴّﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﳋﺴﻴﻞ،
ﻭﲢﺸﻰ ﺑﺎﳉﻮﺯ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜـﺮﺯ ،ﰒ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻫﺘﺮﺕ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﻗِـﻴﻢ ﻫﺎﳌﺸﻤﺸـﺎﺕ
ﺗﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻌﻴّﻨﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺮﺑّﻌﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺗﺒﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﺍﳌﺒﻘﻮﻃﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺑﺒﻘﻄﻮﺍ ﻏﲑﻥ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﳌﺆﻭﻓـﺔ،
ﰒ ﲣﺒﺰ ،ﰒ ﻳﺼﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ .ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻬﺘﺮﺋﺔ ﻧﻀﻮﺟﺎً ﺯﺍﺋﺪﺍً ،ﻭﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﳓﺖ
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻴّﻦ :ﺍﻟﺴﻘّﺎﻃﺔ ،ﻷﻥ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﳌﻌـﻴّﻦ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻘّﺞ(( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﻣﻦ ﻃﻨﱪﺕ ﺇﻳﺪﻭ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﺃﻭ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺳﻘﺎﻃﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻘﺮﻉ ﺎ .ﰲ ))ﻳﻮﻣﻴـﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺒّﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺰﺭۤﺍﻗﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻧﻌﻮﻡ ﲞﺎﺵ(( :ﻭﻗﻔﻮﺍ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﳒﻲ ﻭﺍﺑﺘﺎﻋﻮﺍ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ :ﺍﻧﺒﻘﻂ.
ﺳﻘﺎﻃﺔ ﺑﻘﻼﻭﻯ.
ﺗﻌﻠّﻢ ﺻﻨﻌﻬﺎ ﻧﺼﺮﺍﱐ ﺍﲰﻪ ﻓْﺮﻳۤﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ، ﺑٔﻘّٔﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻘّﻊ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ :ﱂ ﻳﺸﺒﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺼِﺒﻎ ،ﻭﺗﺮﻙ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺎً ﻣﻨﺬ ﳓﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ،ﻭﻓﺘﺢ ﳍﺎ ﺩﻛﺎﻧـًﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻘﻌﺎً ﱂ ﻳﺼﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺼِﺒﻎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻻﺯﻣـﺔ
ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻳﺒﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﻷﺧﺮ ﻭﻣﺘﻌﺪﻳﺔ :ﺑﻘّٔﻌۤﺖ ﺑﺪﻟﺘﻮ ،ﻭﺷﺮّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻤﻴﺼـﻮ ﻗﻬـﻮۤﺓ
ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﺒﻴﻊ ﰲ ﺩﻛﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﻭﺍﳉـﺒﺲ ﻭﺑﻘّﻌﻮ ،ﰒ ﻻﺷﺮﻁ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺒﻎ.
ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﻘّﻊ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺳـﻜﻨﻮﺍ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻓْﺮﻳۤﺞ ﺃﻱ :ﻓﺮﺟﻮ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﻓﻘﲑﺍً ،ﻭﺗﻘﺪّﻡ ﺃﻭﻟَﻪ.
ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﻬﺮﻭﺳﺔ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻛﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﻠـﻢ ﻣﻨـﻪ
ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻌﺔ ،ﰒ ﻃﺮﺩﻩ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻞّ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﻘﻌﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻘﻌﺔ :ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳜـﺎﻟﻒ
ﻭﻏﺪﺕ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺑﻠﺪ ﻳﻌﺘﲏ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎﺣﻮﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﻫﺎ.
ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﻭﻥ ،ﺣﱴ ﻓﺎﻗﺖ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ، ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻘﻊ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒُﻘﻌﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﻟﻮﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺯﺍﲪﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﺃﺧﲑﺍً ﻭﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ. ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ.
ﻭﻣﻨﺬ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺯﺭﺕ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ،ﻭﺃﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ
ﺍﳊﻠﻮﺍﱐ ﻳﻌﺘﺰّ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻤﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ. ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻌﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻘﻌﺔ – ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﻫـﺎ –:
ﻭﺗﻔﻨﻨﻮﺍ ﰲ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺎ ﻣﻦ )ﺻﺮﺓ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲣﺎﻟﻒ ﻣﺎﺣﻮﳍـﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠـﻮﻥ .ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ:
ﺑﻘﺠﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻘﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ( ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺻـﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒِﻘﺎﻉ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ :ﻭﺍﻟﺒُﻘﻌﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ.
ﺑﻘﻴﻤﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻔﺴﺘﻖ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﺖ ،ﻭﻣـﻦ ﻛـﻮﻝ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺑﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﻭﻗﻒ ﺟﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ :ﺃﺳـﺪ ﺍﷲ
ﻭﺍﺷﻜﻮﺭ. ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﺑﻪ ﺟﻲ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺟﻨـﻮﰊ ﺣﻠـﺐ
ﻗﺮﺏ ﺟﺴﺮ ﺍﳊﺞّ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﻣﺎً ﻓﺼﺎﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﺎً.
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﺎ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺸـﻬﺮ ﺭﻣﻀـﺎﻥ
))ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ(( ﺍﻟﺒٔﻘْﻼٔﻭﺓٔ :ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﰲ
ﻛﻐﺰﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺕ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ.
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ﻓﺸﻤّﺮ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﲝﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﲔ ﻭﺳﻦّ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺳﲔ.... ﻭﰲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﻓﺴﻜﻢ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﻓﺘﺘﺪﺭﻛﻠﻮﺍ. –ً ١ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﭘﺎﻙ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻫﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﰲ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﻲّ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﺣﻼﻭﺓ(( ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺗﻪ :ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺎﺟﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺖ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ ،ﻣﺆﺩﺍﻫﺎ :ﺍﳊـﻼﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﺼـﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﻳﺎﻣﺮﺣﺒﺎ ﻤﺎ ﳘﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻴﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺎﺯﺓ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ)) :ﻭﺃﺟﻠﱡﻬﺎ ﺑﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﺇﻥ ﺃﻭﺟـﺪﻭﺍ(( )ﺃﻱ:
ﺃﺟﻞّ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻳﺎﺕ(. –ً ٢ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﭘٔﻘْـﻼﻭﺓ(( ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ،
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻛﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﲪﺮﺍ ﺣﻜﻰ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳊﻠـﻮ ،ﻭﻣﻨـﻬﻢ
ﻟﻮﻧُﻬﺎ ﺧﺪّ ﺍﻟﺼﱯّ ﻋﺠﺒﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺑﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻓﻮﻧﺎً ﰲ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺘـﻪ
)ﺃﻱ :ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻥ(. ﻗﺮﺏ ﺧﺎﻥ ﻗﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﺎﻕ ،ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺧﺮﺑـﺖ ﺍﻵﻥ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﱄ ﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﺢ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺳﻨﻴّﺎﺕ.
ﺑﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻓﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺤﺮ –ً ٣ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻴـﺪ ﻃﺒﺎﺧـﺔ
ﻭﳌﺎ ﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ ﺭﺛﺎﻩ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ: ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ))ﻻٔﻭﻩ(( ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﻋﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻯ،ﻭﻷﻭﻝ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ ﻭﻛﺸﻚ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺫﺍﻗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻀﻴﻒ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻨـﺪﻩ)) :ﺑـﺎﻕ
ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺧﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻻﻭﻩ ﻧَﻪ ﻳﺎﭘﺪﻱ(( :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻻﻭﻩ ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻋﻤﻠﺖ.
ﰲ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴّﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ(( ﺟ ٣ﺹ ٧٩ﻋﻦ –ً ٤ﺣﺪﺛﲏ ﺇﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﳉﺎﺑﺮﻱ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺣﺪﺛﻪ ﻋﺎﱂ
))ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻌﻮﻡ ﲞﺎﺵ(( :ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻴـﺪﻱ ﻭﻧﻈﻤﻨـﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺿﻴﺎﻛﻮﻙ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟـﺒﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫـﺎ ﰲ
ﺑﻘﻼﻭﺓ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ :ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﺑﻊ.
–ً ٥ﺃﺎ ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺷـﻮﺑﻜﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛـﻲ:
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻘْﻠۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻘﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﻤﻘﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺮِﺟﻠﺔ: ﺃﻭﻗﻼﻭﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ.
ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺻﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﻳﻨﺒـﺖ ﰲ ﻭﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ BAKLAWA :ﺃﺧـﺬﺍً ﻋـﻦ
ﺑﺰﺭﻩ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻻﺗﺄﻛﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺟ ١١ﺹ.٧٨ ]ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴّﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻮﺯ[ :ﺑﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﺯ !
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ١٥ﺹ.٣٥٧ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺑﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﻭﻣﱪﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ
ﻭﺗﻄﺒﺦ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴـﻠﻄﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﺘﺎﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﻣﺎ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻣﺮﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸـﺎﻡ ﻭﳎﻔﻔﺎـﺎ،
ﺗﺪّﻏﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﱭ. ﻭﻏﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ،ﻭﻛﻨﺎﻓﺔ ﺟﱭ ﻧﺎﺑﻠﺲ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺑﻠﺴﻴﺔ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤـﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺵ ﺑـﺪّﻱ ﺃﺯﺭﻉ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﺣﻼﻭﺓ ﺟﱭ ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻼﺫﻗﻴﺔ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﺎﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ
)ﻭﺳﺨﺎ( ﺑﻘﻠۤﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻠۤﺔ ﺑﻘّﻠۤﺖ ﻗﻠﱯ ﻭﺍﳋـﻞّ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ ﺯﺍﺩ ﲟﺎﻣﻮﻧﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻛﺮﺍﺑﻴﺠﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﻠﻮﺭﻳﺘﻬﺎ.
)ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳋﻞ ﻟﻔﻘﺮﻩ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑـﺰﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻠـﺔ ) :ﺃﻱ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ ﺍﳊﻤﺼﻲ ﰲ ﺧﻄﺒﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ:
ﻛﺜﲑﻭﻥ(. ﻭﺍﺭﺽَ – ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ – ! – ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﻳﻦ )ﺃﻱ:
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﻳﺎﺑﻘﻠۤﺔ ! ﻃﺮﺍﻭﺍﺕ ﺃﻛـﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﺘﲔ( ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻫـﻢ )ﻛـﺬﺍ( ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻘﻼﻭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻨـﺎﻓﺔ
ﺍﻵﻏﺎﻭﺍﺕ. ﻣﻌﻤّـﺮﻳـﻦ ،ﻓـﺈﺫﺍ ﻭُﺿﻌـﻮﺍ ﻗـﺪﺍﻣـﻚ
١٥٢
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﻠﻘﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻘـﺎﻙ ،ﺍﷲ ﻳﻄـﻮّﻝ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﻧﺒﻄّۤﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺮ
ﺑﻘﺎﻙ. ﻻﺯﻡ ﳔﺴﻠﻮ ﲟﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻠﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﻧﺒﺨّۤﺮ ﺍﳌﺴـﺤﻮﺭ ﺑﺒـﺰﺭ
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻠﺔ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺷﺎﻝ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺍﳌﺴﺤﻮﺭ ﺷﻮﻳﺔ ﻗﻄﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻜـﻮﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺻﺢّ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻓﻚ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺮ ﺃﻗﻮﻯ ﻭﺃﻗﻮﻯ.
ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ ،ﺻﺎﰲ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ ،ﻣﻐﺒّﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ(.
ﻭﻳﺰﻋﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺮﺕ ﺟﻨﺎﺯﺓ ﳍﻢ ﳘﺲ ﺑٔﻘْﻠِﻴﺪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ :ﲰّﺎﻗﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﲨﻠﺔ)) :ﻋﻘﺒﺎۤﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ((. ﺑﻴﺖ ﻗْﻠﻴﺪﺍٓ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺡ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٥
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﲑ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ. ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ )ﺣﻠﺐ.(٧٩
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺧﺪﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﺭﺍﺡ
ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ،ﻣـﺎﺑﻘﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺳـﺖ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻘٔﻢ :ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺣﺮﺟﻴﺔ ﻭﺻـﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻓﺼـﻴﻠﺔ
ـﺦـﺎ ﺇﻻ ﻭﺳـ ـﺎﺑﻘِﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻨـ
ـﺮﺍﺩﻳﺶ ،ﻣـ ـﻢ ﺍﻟﻜـ ﺃﻭﺷـ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻧﻴﺎﺕ ،ﺗﻨﺒﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ ،ﺗﻌﻠﻮ ﳓـﻮ ١٢ﻡ،
ﺇﺟﺮﻳﻨﺎ،ﺟﻮّﺯﻧﺎ ﺑﻨﺘﻨﺎ ﺗﻨﻌﺒﱢﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﻗﻤﺎﺵ ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﻭﺟﺎﺑۤﺖ ﻭﺭﻗﻬﺎ ﻛﻮﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺯ ،ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺒـﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎﺋﻴـﺔ
ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ ﻭﺑﻘِﻲ )ﺍﳌﻬﺮ( ﺑـﺒﻼﺵ ،ﻣـﺎﺑﻘﻰ ﺑـﺎﻟﻜﺮْﻡ ﺇﻻ ﺍﳋﺸﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺻﺒﺎﻏﻴﺔ ﺑﻨّﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺷﺄﻥ.
ﺍﳊﻄﺐ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺴﻜﺮﻳﺘﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﻣﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻘْﻴﺎﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻘﻲ(( ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣـﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ:
ﺑٕﻘِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻘِﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﺑﻘﺎﺀ :ﺩﺍﻡ ،ﺛﺒﺖ.
ﻓﻌﻼﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻲ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻴﺎﻧۤﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻘﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻘﻴﺎﻥ ﻋﺤﻄﺔ ﺇﻳﺪَﻙ.
ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻘﻴّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻴّﺔ :ﻣﺎﻳﺒﻘﻰ.
ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﻗﻲ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻗﻲ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻴﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻲ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻴﺎﻧۤﺔ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ))ﻳَﺴّﺎﻑ(( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﺣﲔ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻄﻲ
ﻳﻐﻨّﻲ :ﻋﺎﻟﺒُﺆَﺍﻳﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻜﻢ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻴﺖ ﺃﺻﺒٓﺮ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ :ﻣﺎﻋٕﺪْﺕ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻘﻴّﺔ ﻭﺑﻘﻴّﺖ.
ﺃﺻﱪٓ ،ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ))ﻣـﺎﺑﻘﻰ(( ﻭ ))ﻣﺎﻋـﺎﺩ(( ﻟﻨﻔـﻲ
ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺙ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺣﺪﺙ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ.
ﺑَﻚّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑَﻚّ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺍﳉﻴﺠۤﺔ ،ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ
ﰲ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﲑ ﻭﺍﳊﺸﺮﺍﺕ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻛﻬـﺎ:
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑٕﻘﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻮ ﻋﻨﺪﻭ ،ﻳﺎﺑﻮٓ ﻻ ﻳٕﺒﻘٔـﻰ
ﺳﻔﺪﻫﺎ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺧﺮﻗﻪ.
ﺑﺎﻟﻚ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻚ.
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ﺻﻔﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ،ﻭﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬ ﺗﺸﻌﺮ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻠﺤﻖ ﲡﺎﺭﺗـﻚ ﻣـﻦ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﺑﻜﻰ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻭﻟـﻪ :ﻭﺍﳌﻀـﺎﺭﻉ:
ﺧﺴﺮﺍﻥ(. ﺑـﺒﻜِﻲ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ ﺟ ٢ﺹ.٥٦ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻜﻰ.
ﺑَﻜّﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻜّﺎﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺒﻜﻲ ،ﻫﻴّﺠﻪ ﻟﻠﺒُﻜﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺑﻜﻰ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻜﺎﺀ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻻﺗﻔﺮﺡ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻀﺤﻜﻚ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺡ ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﻜِﻲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻋﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺒﻜّﻴﻚ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﻜِﻲ )ﻭﺗﺮﻛﺦ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻜﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـﺔ :ﺑْﻜَـﺎ
ﻋﺎﳌﺎٔﱐ ﺍﳌﺎٔﱐ ﺍﳌﺎٔﱐ ﻓﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﳊﻠﻮ ﺑﻜّﺎﱐ )ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﻛﺨﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻠﻔﻈﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺀﻳﻦ(.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﭽﺎﱐ. ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻛﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﻳﺒﻜِﻲ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻜّﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻜّﺎﺀ – ﻭﺗﻘﺼﺮ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ – :ﺍﻟﻜـﺜﲑ
ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺎﺀ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒٕﻜﺎۤ ﻭﺑﻜﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻜﻮﺓ ﻭﺑٕﻜﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻜﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻧﺒﻜﻰ ﻭﺑﻜﺒﻚ ﻭﺗﺒﻜﺒﻚ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻜﺎﺭٔﺓ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻛﻮﻥ ﺍﳌـﺮﺃﺓ ﻋـﺬﺭﺍﺀ ﻭﱂ ﻳُـﺰﻝ
ﻏﺸﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻴﻖ ﰲ ﺟﻬﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﺳﻠﻲ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺿﺮﺑﲏ ﻭﺑﻜﺎ ﻭﺳﺒﻘﲏ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻜﻰ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻜﺎﺭﺕ. )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﳒﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً( ،ﻻﺗﺸﻜﻲ ﱄ ﺑﺒﻜﻲ ﻟﻚ.
– ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺒﻜۤﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻜَـﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻟﻴﺶ ﻋﻢ ﺗﺒﻜِﻲ ﻭﺍﻧﺎ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ،ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗﺒﻜﺒﻚ. ﻋﻤّﻚ ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻛﻞ ﺑﻜﻮﰐ ﻷﻧـﻚ ﻋﻤﱢـﻲ ،ﻗـﺎﻟﻮﺍ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻟﻠﺪﻳﺐ :ﺳﺎﻭﻳﻨﺎﻙ ﺭﺍﻋﻲ ﻏﻨﻢ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﺒﻜﻲ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟـﻮ:
ﺑَﻜﺖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻜﺘﻪ :ﺿـﺮﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴـﻴﻒ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻟﻴﺶ ﻋﻢ ﺗﺒﻜﻲ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﻜِﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ.
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﻜﺖ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻳﻨﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺑﻌﺜﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﻓﺮﻗﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻜﺎۤ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻜﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺒُﻜَﻰ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ :ﺑﻜﻰ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻜﺖ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺎۤ ﺳـﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﻮﺍﻥ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﺛﺎﻗﻔﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺎ ﺍﳌﺮّ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺟﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻱ ﻭﺑﻜﺘﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺗﻮﺍ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻭﺭّﺗﻮﻧﺎ ﻭﺣﻖّ ﺍﻟﺒﻜـۤﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﻳﺒﻜۤﺖ ﳊﻤﻮ ﻋـﻦ ﻣﺎﻋﻄﻮﻧﺎ ،ﺍﻟﺒٕﻜﺎۤ ﻋﺘﻢّ ﺍﳉﺐ )ﺃﺻﻠﻪ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻯ ﺃﺣـﺪﻫﻢ
ﻋﻀﻤﻮ. ﺯﻳﺘﺎً ،ﰒ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻣﻐﺸﻮﺵ ،ﺷـﻜﺎ ﺃﻣـﺮﻩ ﺇﱃ
ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺑﻜﻰ ،ﺃﺟﺎﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺎۤ ﻣﻮ ﻫﻠّـﻖ،
ﺑَﻜّﺖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻜّﺘﻪ :ﻋﻴّﺮﻩ ،ﻋﻨّﻔﻪ ،ﻗﺮّﻋـﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺎ ﻋﺘﻢّ ﺍﳉﺐ ﺃﻱ :ﺣﲔ ﺗﺒﻴﻌﻪ ﻟﻠﺰﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺣﲔ ﲢﺎﻭﻝ
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﻜّﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻓﻴﻌﺪﻭﺎ ﺑﻌﻠﻰ ﻭﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺪﻟﻖ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﲜﺐ ﺍﻟﺰﻳــﺖ ﻭﻳﺸﻌــﺮ
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﻜﻴﺖ :ﺍﳊﻤﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﺧـﺮ ﺑﺎﳌﻼﻣـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﻮﺑﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﺰﻳـﺎﺕ ﺑﺴـﻮﺀ ﺯﻳﺘـﻚ ،ﺣﻴﻨﺌـﺬ ﺗﺒﻄـﻞ
ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻤﻲ.
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ﺍﻟﺒَﻜَﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻜْﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺌﺮ :ﻣﺎﻳﺴﺘﻘﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺒﻜﻴﺖ.
ﺍﶈﺎﻟﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﺔ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴـﺔ ﺃﻭ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺗﺒﻜﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ.
ﺧﺸﺒﻴﺔ ﳏﺰﻭﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﻣﺜﻘﻮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﲔ ،ﻳﻠﻒ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑَﻜﺘﺎﺷﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺒﺎﺷﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺪﺍﺷﻲ :ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﳋﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﺒﺎﻝ. ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺁﺗﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﲑ ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺝ ﺑﻜﺘـﺎﺵ ،ﻗـﺪﻡ
ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺿﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺮﺍﺳﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺃﻟـﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺑـﻪ
ـﺮﺍﻱـﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒﻜَ ـﺮٔﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻜـ ـﺪﺓ ﻋﻨـ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣـ ))ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ(( ،ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻪ :ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺪ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺛﺮﻩ ﺫﺍﻉ ﺻﻴﺘﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﺍﻳۤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻜَﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﺍﻳﺎﺕ. ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﰲ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ١٣٣٦ﻡ ،ﻭﺗﻜﺎﻳﺎﻩ
ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻣٔﻘٔﺮﺓ. ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻷﻧﻴﻘﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺑﻠﺪ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻜﲑٓﻳﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻜﲑﻳَﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻠﻮ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺭﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﳊﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﺫﺍ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ
)ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﻛﺨﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻠﻔﻈﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺀﻳﻦ(. ﻣﺆﺛﺮﺓ ،ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﺍً ﰲ ﻭﻻﻳﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻃﺮﻳﻘﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﺕ ﻭﻻ ﻳـﺰﺍﻝ
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﺓ. ﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺃﺗﺒﺎﻉ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺰﻳﺞ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺎﺕ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺩﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ :ﺑﻜـﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻴﺜﺎﻏﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻮﺻﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻴﺤﻴﺔ.
ﺃﳒﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻜﺮﺓ. ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﻬﺎ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﺳـﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺛﻜﻨﺔ ﺇﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﺷﺪ ﺑﻜﺘﺎﺷﻲ ،ﻭﺍﲣﺬﻭﺍ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ALBACARA : ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻑ ﺍﻗﺘﻠﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺒﺘﻪ ﺷـﻌﺎﺭﺍً ﳍـﻢ،
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﻛﻞ ﺇﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳊﺎﺝ ﺑﻜﺘﺎﺵ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻜْﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻜﺮ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻮﻟﻮﺩ ﻷﺑﻮﻳﻪ ﺫﻛﺮﺍً ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻹﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻳﺔ .ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ :
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﻜﺮﺍ ﺑﺪﻭﺏ ﺍﻟـﺘﻠﺞ ﻭﺑﺒـﺎﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻟﻴۤﺶ ﻣﺎﺃﺑﻜّۤﺮ ﻟﺴـﺎۤﻥ ﺣﻠـﻮ
ﺍﳌَـﺮْﺝ. ﻭﺃﻛﻞ ﻃﻴّۤﺐ )ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﳉﻬﻠﺔ ﺃﺟﱪ ﻳﻬﻮﺩﻳـﺎً ﺃﻥ
ﻳﺄﻛﻞ ﻃﺒﻴﺨﺎً ﳊﻤﻪ ﺩﺧﻴﺎ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎﺃﻛﻞ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ :ﺑﻜّـﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﲤﭽﻜﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻜﺮﺍ ﺑَﺠﻴـﻚ – ﺇﺫﺍ ﲤّﻴۤﻨـﺎ ﻳﺎ )ﻭﺳﺒّﻪ( ،ﺃﺟﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﺜﻼً(.
ﻣﺎﻟﻄﻴﺒﲔ –.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﻋﺠﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﻜٕﺮﺍۤ ﺑﻜّٔﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻜﺮﺓ ﺑﺘﺒﻴّۤﻦ ﺍﻟﻘٔﺮﻋﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺃٕ ّﻡ
ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ،ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳉﺰﺭﺓ :ﺍﻟﻴـﻮٓﻡ ﺑﺄﻳـﺪﻙ ﻭﺑﻜـﺮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒَﻜَﺮٔﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BACCARAﻣـﻦ ﺃﻟﻌـﺎﺏ
)ﺑْﻌﻘﺒَﻚ(. ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻬﺰﺝ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻔۤﺔ:
ﺑﻜﺮﺍ ﻋﻴﺪ ﻣﻨﻌﻴّﺪ ﻣﻨﺪﺑَﺢ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴّـﺪ ﺍﻟﺒَﻜَﺮﺍ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺎﺯ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴّﺪ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﻣﻨﺪﺑﺢ ﻣﺮﺗﻮ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻘﺮﺍ
ﺑَﻜٔﺮﺗْﻮﻧﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﻣﺰﺭﻋـﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺒـﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻜَﺮﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒَﻜْﺮَﺓ :ﺁﻟﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﺪﻳﺮﺓ ﺗـﺪﻭﺭ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻜﺮَﺗﻮﻧﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒـﺎﻛﻮﺭﺓ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺻـﺔ
ﺣﻮﻝ ﳏﻮﺭ ،ﳏﺰﺯﺓ ﺍﶈﻴﻂ ﳚﺮﻱ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﺒﻞ. ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ )ﺣﻠﺐ.(٦٤
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻜَﺮﺍﺕ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻣﻘﺎﺭٔﻩ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮَﺟِﻲ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﻩ ﺟﻲ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻜﺮﻩ ﺟﻲ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﻜﺮﺟﻲ :ﻗﺎﺳﻢ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ :ﺃﺩﻳﺐ
ﺣﻠﱯ ﻟﻪ ﺗﺂﻟﻴﻒ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ١١٦٩ﻫ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﻜْﺮٔﺓ) :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ( :ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻋﺒﻜﺮﺍ ﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﺃﺑﻮﻱ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻜﺮﺓ :ﺍﻟﻐﺪﻭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻜْﺮﻩ ﺟﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﻜﺮﺟﻲ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﺒﻜﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻋﻠـﻰ ﺑﻜـﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻋﻨـﺪ
ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ﻭﺟٕﺐ ﻗٔﺮٔﻩ ﻣﺎﻥ ،ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﲪﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﺒﻜﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﻜﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﻜﺮﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺮﻫﺎﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﻩ ﺟﻲ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﰱ ﺱ٩٤۰ﻫ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺪﺭﺱ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻴۤﺘﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺑٕﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﷲ ﻟﻠﻀـﻬﺮ،
ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﻲ. ﻓﻴﻤﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺇﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ :ﺟ ٥ﺹ ،٥۰١ﻭﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﻄﻠﺲ :ﺹ.٧٤
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺷﻐﻞ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺑﻘﻴﻢ )ﺃﻭ ﺑﻀﺎٔﻳۤﻦ(
ﺹ: ٤٢ ﻭﰲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﻜﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻌﺼﺮ.
ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﻩ ﺟﻲ ﻗﺎﺳﻢ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺿﻼً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺭﻡ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻜﺮٔﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﺍ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻜـﺮﺍ ﻣﻨﺴـﺎﻓﺮۤ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻏﺪﺍً ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻜﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺪ – ﻛﻤـﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﺔ ﺹ :١٧٤ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﻩ ﺟﻲ. ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﱳ(( –.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻟﺒﻜﺮﺓ ﻓﺮﺝ ﻭﺭﲪۤﺔ ،ﻟﺒﻜـﺮﺓ
ﺑَﻜﺮِﻱ :ﻣــﻦ ﺃﲰـﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﻮﺭﻫـﻢ ،ﻧﺴﺒـﺔ
ﻋﻄﻴﲏ ﻋﻤﺮ ،ﺭَﺏّ ﺑﻜﺮﺍ ﺑﺪﺑّﺮۤ ﺑﻜﺮﺍ.
١٥٦
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ :ﺍﻧﺒﻜﻊ. ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺃﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ ﲝﺬﻑ ﺻﺪﺭﻩ ،ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻜﻊ ﻭﲞﻊ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻜﺮِﻱ :ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﺑﻦ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻮﻑ ،ﺯﺍﺭ
ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١١٦٢ﻫ –.
ﺑَﻜّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻜَﻊ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ.
ﺑﻜﺮﻱ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺷﺨﺼـﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﻴـﺎﻻﰐ ﰲ
ﺑَﻜﻔْﻼ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺟﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻮﺭ ،ﻣﻦ ﺧﻴﻤﺘﻪ ،ﳝﺜﻞ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ،ﺎﺏ ﺑﺄﺳﻪ ﲨﻴـﻊ
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﻛﻔﻼ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﻴﻤﺔ ،ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﰲ ﺍﳋﻴﻤﺔ ﺣﺎﻣﻼً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻇﻬﺮﻩ
ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ: ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﲬﺮ.
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٥
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﰲ ))ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ(( ﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ) .ﺣﻠﺐ.(٨٤ ﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ))ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﺑﻜﺮﻱ(( ﻭﻋﺪّﻩ
ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﻣﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ١٦٤۰ – ١٦١٢ﻡ،
ﺑَﻜّﻞ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻳﺄﺛﺮﻭﻥ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭ ﻏﺮﻳﺒﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻜﻠۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BOUCLEﺍﻹﺑﺰﱘ :ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺓ
ﻭﻟﺴﺎﻥ ﻳﻨﻮﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﺭ.
ﻭﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻌﻤـﻞ ﻟﻠﺨﻤـﻮﺭ ﻵﻝ ﺟﻮﻳّۤـﺪ،
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺑﻜّﻞ.
ﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎﺋﻲ ﻛﻠّﻔﻮﱐ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺿﻊ ﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﻟﻀﺮﻭﺏ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻜّﻞ ﺑﻨﻄﻠﻮﻧﻮ ﻭﭼﺎﻛﻴﺘﻮ.
ﺍﳋﻤﻮﺭ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺷﻌﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﳌﻨﺘﻮﺟﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻤﻠـﻬﻢ،
ـﻴﺔ:
ـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـ ـﺎ :ﻣـ
ـﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﻠﻮﺭﻳـﺍﻟﺒَﻜَﻠﻮﺭﻳـ
ﻓﻮﺿﻌﺖ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ –ً ١ :ﺍﻷﻧـﺪﺭﻳﻦ –ً ٢ﺑﻨـﺖ
BACCALAURÉATﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴـﺔ :BACCA :ﺍﻷﲦـﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻡ –ً ٣ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺡ ))ﳏﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﻭﺍﺡ(( –ً ٤ﺩﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻜﺮﻱ
ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺒﻴﺔ ،ﻭ :LAURÉATﺷﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﺪِﻓﻠَﻰ ،ﻭﻛـﺎﻥ ﻣـﻦ
ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ.
ﻋﺎﺩﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻠﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺺ ﺑﺈﻛﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟـﺪِﻓﻠَﻰ
ﺑﺄﲦﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻘﻮﺩﻳﺔ ،ﰒ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﻟﺸـﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳـﺔ
ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﲰﻴﺖ ﻣﻘﺼﻔﺎً ﺑﺎﳋﻴّﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻩ
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ.
ﻣﲏ ﺣﱴ ﺍﺑﺘُﺬِﻝ.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ :ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳊﺬﺍﻗﺔ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﻭﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﳍﺎ :ﻋِﺮﻓﺎﻧﺔ،
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻜﺮﻳّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﻟـﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻟـﺪ
ﻋَﺮَﻓﺔ ،ﺩِﻓﻼﺓ.
ﺍﻷﻭﻝ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﻜِﻲ ﺑﻜﻠﻮﺭﻳﺎ،
ﺑَﻜْﺴٕﺮﻳﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺟﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻮﺭ ،ﻣﻦ
ﻛﻼﻣَﻚ ﺑﻜﻠﻮﺭﻳﺎ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﻛﺴﺮﻳﺎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺯﺋﲑ ﺍﻷﺳﺪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ
ﺑَﻜَﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻜﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٥
ﺑَﻜﻤﺎﺯ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟـﺪﺑﺲ ،ﱂ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺑَﻜْﺴَﻤﺎ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑٔﻘﺼٔﻤﺎ.
]ﻜﻤﺘﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺲ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﻜﻤﺎﺯ. ﺑَﻜَﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻳﺴﻠّۤﻢ ﺗٕﻤّﻚ ،ﺷﻔﺘﻚ ﳌّﺎ ﺑَﻜﻌـﺖ
ﻫﺎﳉﺮﺩﻭﻥ .ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻜﻌﻪ :ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺿﺮﺑﺎً ﻋﻨﻴﻔـﺎً ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺑۤﻜﻨَﻔْﻮٓﺕ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻬـﻮﺩ ﺧﺎﺻـﺔ :ﺃﺭﺑﻌـﺔ ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺴﺪﻩ ،ﺑﻜّﺘﻪ ،ﺭﺩّﻩ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻜﺮﻩ ،ﻭﺑّﺨﻪ.
١٥٧
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ ﺑﺘﺒﻜﻲ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻋﻤّـﻚ؟ ﺑۤﻜﻨﻔﻮﺕ :ﻋﱪﻳﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫـﺎ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻛﻞ ﺑﻜﻮﰐ ﻷﻧﻚ ﻋﻤّﻲ ،ﻟﻮﻻ ﻋٕﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺎﻣﻜﱢﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺪﺭﻳﺔ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻮﺎ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﻋﻘﺪﺕ ﰲ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎﻫﺎ
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺑﺘﺒﻜﱢﻲ ،ﺑٕﺸﻜﻲ ﻭﺑٕﺒﻜِﻲ ﻭﺑﻘﻮﻝ :ﻋﻜّﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻊ ﻋﻘُﺪ ﲞﻴﻂ ﺻﻮﰲ ﺧﺎﺹ ،ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌُﻘـﺪ
ﻭﲬۤﺔ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﳉﺤﺎۤ :ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺧﻠّﻒ ﻟﻚ ﺷـﻲ ﲝﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳉُﻤّﻞ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﻳَﻬﻮﻩ(( ،ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼـﺪﺭﻳﺔ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﻜﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑٕﻜﺎۤ ﺧٔﺮْﺝ ﳊﻴﺘﻮ ،ﻳـﺎﻣْﻨﺒﻜِﻲ ﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩﻳﺔ.
ﻟﻨٕﻌﻤَﻰ ﻳﺎﻣﻨْﻀﺤَﻚ ﻟﻨٕﻐﻤَﻰ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﻜﻮﺭﻳّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻜﻮﺭﻳﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺻـﻨﺎﻋﻲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣـﺎﺑﻜِﻲ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺮﺿـﻌﻮ ﻟﻠﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺒِﻜﺮ.
ﺃٕﻣّﻮ ،ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﻜﻲ :ﻳﺎﺟﻮﻉ ﻳﺎﻣﻮﺟﻮﻉ ،ﻛـﻞ ﻣـﻦ
ﺑﺒﻜِﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻴﺘﻮ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻮﻛﺮﻭُﺗﺎٓ )ﻭﺗـﺮﻛﺦ ﺍﻟﻜـﺎﻑ
ﻓﺘﻠﻔﻆ ﺧﺎﺀ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[:
ﻻﺗﺸﻜِﻲ ﱄ ﺑﺒﻜﻲ ﻟﻚ ﻭﻋْﻴﻮﱐ ﻣﻠﻴﺎﻧۤﺔ ﺩﻣﻮﻉْ ﺍﻟﺒَﻜﻮۤﺓ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺮّﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺑٕﻜِﻲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﻜﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺑٕﻜﺎۤ ﺍﻟﻜۤﻨّـﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ ﻟﻴﺶ ﻋﻢ ﺗﺒﻜِﻲ؟ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ
ﻋﻤﻮٓﺕ ﲪﺎﺗﺎ. ﻋﻤّﻚ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻛﻞ ﺑﻜﻮﰐ ﻷﻧﻚ ﻋﻤّﻲ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻜﻴﺎﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻜﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻼﻥ، ﺑٕﻜِﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺑَﻜَﻰ :ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑَﻜَﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ:
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﻓﻌﻼﻧۤﺔ ،ﻭﺻﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻛﻲ. ﺑﻜﻰ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻧۤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳊﺮﺩﺍﻧۤﺔ ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ :ﺑٕﭽِﻲ.
ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻜﻴﺎﻧۤﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ :ﺇﺑﻜِﻲ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﲞﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻨﺎﻡ ﺑﻜﻴﺎﻧۤﺔ ﺑﻄﻠـﻊ ﻻ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻜﺎ.
ﺷﻌﺮ ﺟﻮّﺍﺕ ﻋﻴﻮﻧﺎ. ﻭﰲ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ :ﺑَﻜﺎ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﻪ:
ﺍﻟﺒَﻜّﲑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓَﻌﻴّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻜّﺮ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – :ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﳏﺒﻮﺏ ﺗﺎ ﻗﻠﱯ ﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﻟﻴﻠﻲ ﻭﺎﺭ ﻭﻧﺒﻜﻴﺞ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻛﺮ. ))ﺗﺎ(( ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻞ DEﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﺗﺄﰐ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ
ﻭﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﻧﺒﻜﻴﺞ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺑﻜﻴﻪ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻻﳓﻦ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻜّﲑ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻳﺎﺳﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎۤﺗﲔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﻠﺤﻖ
ﺧﻀﺮﺗﺎ ﺑﻜّﲑ ﺑﺘﺒﻴﻌﺎ ﺑﻔﻠﻔٓﻞ ﻭﻗﺮﻧﻔٓﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺃﺟﺎﱐ ﺯﻫﺮ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﻣـﺎﳚﻲ
ﺑَﺒﻜﻲ ﻭﺑَﻮﺟّﻊ ﻋﻴﻮﱐ؟ ،ﻋﻢ ﺑﺸﻜﻲ ﻭﺑﺒﻜﻲ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻴّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻜّﺮ :ﺟﺎﺀ ﺑﺎﻛﺮﺍً.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﻢ ﺑٕﺒﻜﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻜﺮ. ﺯﻣﺎﻥ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺘﺤﺴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻘﺪﺍﻧﻪ(.
١٥٨
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻞّ. ـﺔ:
ـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻜﲑٓﻳ ـﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴـ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻠﻞ ﻭﺗﺒﻠﻞ. ﺑـﻜﲑﻳَﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﻐﻠﻮ ﺷَ ّﻞ ﻭﺑَﻞّ ،ﺷﻲ ﺑﺒـﻞّ ﺍﻟﺒَﻜّﲑﺓ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ،ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ
ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ. ﺍﻟﺒِﻜْﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻴّﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ﱂ ﲢﻤـﻞ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠـﻬﺎ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﻔْﻄﻴﻤﺔ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ :ﺍﻟﺴَﺨﻠﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﻠﻖ ﺟﺎﺭَﻙ ﺑٕﻞّ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺟﺎﺭﻙ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﺖ. ﺍﻟﺒَﮕّﺎﺭٔﺓ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﰲ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ ،ﺳﻜﺎﺎ
ﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻳﻔﻴﲔ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻬﻢ ﻣـﻦ ﺇﺣـﺪﻯ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺯﺍﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﲔ ﺑَﻠّۤﺔ ،ﻭﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﺸﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻜَﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻞ )ﺃﻱ :ﺟﺎﺀ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺃﻥ ﲢﻠﻖ ﺫﻗﻨﻪ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻳﻬﺎﻥ( ،ﻋـﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﮕّﺎﺭﺓ :ﻓﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺑﺪﺭﺍﻥ ،ﻳﺰﻋﻤﻮﻥ ﺃـﻢ
ﲝﻠﻖ ﻟﻮ ﺑَﻼ ﺑَﻞ. ﺳﺎﺩﺓ ﻳﺘﺼﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﺮ ،ﻣﻨـﻬﻢ ﻣـﻦ
ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺒﺞ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﰲ ﻛﻔﺮ ﲣـﺎﺭﻳﻦ ،ﻭﻣﻨـﻬﻢ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻞّ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻹﺑِﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺳﻬﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺏ .ﻭﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﻳﺮﺗﺒﻄﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺑﺒﻜﺎﺭﺓ ﺩﻳﺮ
ﳍﺠﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﻳﺔ. ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺭ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻼ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀ ﻭﺗﻘﺼﺮ :ﺍﻟﻐﻢّ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﺭﺓ.
ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻴﺒﺔ. ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻜﱠﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻓﺮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺪﻳـﺪﻳﲔ ﻳﻘـﻴﻢ
ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺒﻠﻲ ﺍﳉﺴﻢ ،ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﻴﻨـﻬﺎ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻳﻌﺪّ ٦۰ﺧﻴﻤﺔ.
ﻭﺑﲔ ))ﺑﻼﻩ ﻭﺍﺑﺘﻼﻩ(( :ﺟﺮّﺑـﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑـﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺼـﻴﺒﺔ
ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻥ. ﺍﻟﺒﮕّﺎﺭِﻱ :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﱠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﻒّ ﺑﻼﻙ ﻋﻨّﻲ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﱠﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﻛﺎﻟﺸﺤّﻴۤﺮﻱ ،ﺇﻻ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻼﺀ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺣﺒﺔ ﻭﺃﻗﻞ ﻋﺠﻤﺎً ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻐﺼﻴّﺺ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BELA :
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﻼ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ )ﻭﺳﺎﺩ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒَﮕﺪَﻩ ﱄ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﺐ ﺑﮕﺪﻩ ﱄ ﺍﷲ ﳛﺮﺳﻮ،
ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﺳـﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻟﺒﻨـﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻡ ،ﺃﻧﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺱ .ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ:
ﻭﻣﺼﺮ( ،ﺍﻟﺮﲪۤﺔ ﳐﺼﺼﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼ ﻋﺎﻡ. ))ﺑﻴﻚ(( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻭ ))ﺗﺎ(( :ﻻﺣﻘﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﲰـﺎﺀ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺟﺎﺏ ﻋﺮٔﺍﺳﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﻼ. ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ ،ﻭ ))ﻟِﻲ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﺒﺔ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻗﻀﺎﻫﺎ ﺑَﻼﻫﺎ. ﻓﻬﻲ ﺇﺫﻥ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﮕﻮِﻱ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﻳﺎﻭﻳﻠﻲ ﻭﻳﻠﻲ ﻣٕﻨﱢﻬٓﻦ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﺑﻼﻳﻲ ﻣﻨّﻬﻦ – ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﺮﻭﺓ ﺑﮕﺪﻩ ﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ
ﺑَﻼ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻼﻩ :ﺍﻣﺘﺤﻨﻪ ،ﺟﺮّﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎً – :ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻛﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠﺔ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺰَﺑﻮﻥ
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻪ ﲟﻜﺮﻭﻩ ﺫﻫﺎﺑﺎً ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺼﻴﺒﺔ ﲡﺮﺑـﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻛﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﲑﺓ ﻭﺍﳉﺪّﺍﻋﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲ. ﺑَﻞّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻠّﻪ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ :ﻧﺪّﺍﻩ ﺑَﻼ ﻭﺑَﻠَﻼً ﻭﺑِﻠّﺔ.
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ﺑَﻠَﻰ) ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﻘﺔ ،ﺇﺫ ﺳﺄﳍﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﻳﺒٕﻼﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺒٕﻠﻴﻪ.
– ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟـﻘﺮﺁﻥ – :ﺃﻟﺴـﺖ ﺭﺑﻜـﻢ ؟ ﻗـﺎﻟﻮﺍ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﺑﺒﻠﻲ ﻭﺑﻌﲔ.
ﺑـﻠﻰ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻭﻳﻠﻬﻢ[: ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﻳﺒﻼﻩ ﺑﻘٔﺮﻑ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ،
ﻳﺎﺭﺏ ! ﺟﺴﻤﻲ ﺧﻼ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻀﻢ ﻣﲏ ﺑَﻼ ﻳﺒﻼﻩ ﺑﺘﻼﺗۤﺔ ﺳﻮﺍ :ﻧﺎﺭ ﻭﺑﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﻭﻫﻮﺍ ،ﻳـﺒﻼﻩ ﺑﻘﺘﻠـﻮ
ﻭﺍﻧﺎ ﻣﻮﺣّﺪ ﺇﳍﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑَﻠَﻰ ﺑﺴﻴّﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺎﻻ ﳕﺮٔﺓ )ﻟﻴﻀﻴﻊ ﻏﺮﳝﻪ( ،ﻳﺒﻠﻴﻪ ﺑـﺰﺕّ ﺭﻗﺒﺘـﻮ
ﺍﻟﺒْﻼﺗﲔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﭘﻼﺗﲔ. ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻼۤﺏ ﺣﺎﺿﺮﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻼﺩۤﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻼﺩﺓ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺑَﻠُـﺪ :ﺿـﺪ ﺑَﻼ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑِﻼ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻌـﺪﻫﺎ
ﻓﻄﻦ. ))ﻻ(( ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻼﺩﺕ. ﻭﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ))ﺩﻭﻥ(( ﺇﱃ ﻣﺎﻳﺘﻠﻮﻫـﺎ ﻣـﻦ
ﻣﻈﻬﺮ :ﺑَﻼ ﺑﻠﻒ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﻼﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘـﺎٔﻻٔﺱ ﺃﻭ ﭘٔـﻼٔﺱ ﻋـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﳋﺸﻦ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻨّـﺐ، ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ :ﺑَﻼﻱ ،ﺑَﻼﻧﺎ ،ﺑَـﻼﻙ،
ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺍﻷﻛﻴﺎﺱ. ﺑَﻼﻛﻲ ،ﺑَﻼﻛﻦ ،ﺑَﻼﻩ ،ﺑَﻼﻫﺎ ،ﺑَﻼﻫٓﻦ.
ﻭﲜﺎﻧﺐ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﳊﺒﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﻕ ﻟﻸﻛﻴﺎﺱ ،ﻭﻛﻼ ﻭﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ :ﺑﺘﺮﻳﺪ ﻧﺎﺧﺪ ﻣﻌﻨـﺎ ﺷـﻮﻳّۤﺔ
ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻗﲔ ﱂ ﺃﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺳﻮﻗﺎً ﳍﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺳﻴﺎﺣﺎﰐ ،ﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻥ ﻋٔﺮٔﻗٔﺎﺕ ؟
ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺷﺄﻥ.
ﻭﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺒْﻼﺱ :ﺍﻟﺒْﻼﺳۤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ: – ﺑَﻼ )ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﻔﻴﺔ(.
ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳﺎﻳﺎﺕ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺸﺐ ﺑَﻼ ﺳﻴﻜﺎﺭﻩْ ﻣﺘـﻞ
ﻭﻋﺮﰊ ﺍﻟﺒْﻼﺱ :ﺍﳌِﺸْﺢ. ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺑَﻼ ﺳْﻮﺍﺭﻩ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻼﺵ :ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒـﺎﺀ ﻭ ))ﻻ(( ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴـﺔ ﻭ
))ﺷﻲﺀ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﲰﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﺑـﻞ، ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻌﻠﻤﻮ ﻣﺎﲝﺴۤﻦ ﺑﻘﻴﻢ ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ﻋﻦ
ﳎﺎﻧﺎً ،ﺭﺧﻴﺺ ﺟﺪﺍً. ﺇﺟﺮﻭ ﺑَﻼﻩ.
ﻭﻳﺪﺧﻠﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ ))ﺍﻝ(( ﻭﻳـﺪﺧﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒـﺎﺀ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﻙ ﺷﻲ ﻋﺎﺵ ﺑَﻼﻩ.
ﺑﺒﻼﺵ ،ﻛﺄﳕﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﺑَﻼ ﺣﺴﺒَﻚ ﺑَﻼ ﻧَﺴَﺒﻚ
ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﻠﲑﺍﺕ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺤﻜﻲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻳﺘﻮ ﺑﺒﻼﺵ ،ﻳـﺎﺑﻼﺵ!، ﺑَﻠَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺇﺛﺒﺎﺗﺎً ﳌﻨﻔﻲ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ.
ﺑَﻼﺵ ﻻﺵ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﳛﺮﻓﻮـﺎ ﺇﱃ :ﺁﻣﺒﻠۤـﻰ،
ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ :ﺑَﻠۤﻰ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺣﺪﺍ ﺑﺒﺨّۤﺮ ﻟﺮﺑّـﻮ ﺑـﺒﻼﺵ، ]ﻣـﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳـﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ ﻗﺎﻟـﻮﺍ:
ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ ﻭﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺧﺪّﺍۤﻣﲔ ﺑْﺒَﻼﺵ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮٓ :ﻳـﺎﻣﻦ
ﻳﺎﺧٓﺪ ﻋﺘﻤﺎﱐ ﻭﻳﻔﻀـﺢ ﺳﺮّﻱ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﻟـﻮ:ﺧـﻮٓﺩ
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ﺑْﻼٔﻁ ﺍﳉﻨّﺔ :ﻟﻘﺒﻮﺍ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﻣﻔﻀﺤﺎﱐ ﺑﺒﻼﺵ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺇﺵ ﰲ ﺃﺣﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺴﻞ؟
ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻴﻠﻲ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺍﳋﻞّ ﺑﺒﻼﺵ.
ﺑْﻼﻁ ﺟﻬْﻨّﻢ :ﻟﻘﺒﻮﺍ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺔ ﺑﺼﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸـﺒﻴﻪ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺻﺢّ ﻟﻠﻮ ﻗﱪ ﺑﺒﻼﺵ
ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻴﻠﻲ. ﺑﺘﺸﻄّﺢ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻼّﻁ]:ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻻ ﻳﺎﺑﻼّﻁ ﻷ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﺎﻝ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺩﺭﺍﻉ ﺷﺎﺵ ﻭ ﺩﻗﻦ ﺑـﺒﻼﺵ
ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻠّﻂ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺸﻲ :ﺃﻋﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺐ. ﺑﺘﺼﲑ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻏﺸﺎﺵ ،ﺟﻮّﺯﻧﺎ ﺑﻨﺘﻨﺎ ﺗﻨﻌﺒّﱯ ﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﻗﻤـﺎﺵ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻴﻂ. ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﻭ ﺟﺎﺑﺖ ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ )ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ( ﺑﺒﻼﺵ ،ﺑﺒﻼﺵ
ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻼّﻁ]:ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺗﻠﻌﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻤﺎﺵ.
ﻭﳏﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺿﻮ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺎﻥ :ﺍﻟـﺒﻼﻁ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻗـﺎﱐ ﻭ
ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﺎﱐ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻼّﺵ :ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺘﻞ ﻗﺘﻴﻼً.
ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﺎﱐ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻄّﺎﻧﺔ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻠﺶ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺒﻠﺶ.
ﻭ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌـﺪﱘ ))ﺍﻟـﺒﻼّﻁ(( ﰲ ))ﺯﺑـﺪﺓ
ﺍﳊَﻠﺐ((. ﺍﻟﺒﻼّﺹ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﺎﻝ :ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﺺ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻼّﻉ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠـﻊ ﺍﻟﺒْﻼﻁ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟـﺒَﻼﻁ :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﳌﺴـﺘﻮﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡَ :ﺃﻧﺰﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﻘﻮﻣﻪ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻌﺪﺗﻪ. ﺍﳌﻠﺴﺎﺀ ،ﺻﻔﺎﺋﺢ ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻔﺮﺵ ﺎ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻠﻊ. ،PLATEIAﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ،PLATIUM :
ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻔﺎﺋﺢ ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺭﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ ،ﻭﻗـﺪ ﻳﻠﻄـﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒْﻼﻃـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﻃـﺎﻱ
ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﺇﱃ :ﻳﺎﺑﻴّﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻚ ! ﻭﻳﺎﺑﻼّﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﺒﻨﻴﺔ. ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎﻳﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﻼّﻉ ﺍﳌﻮﺱ:
ﺇﻥ ﻃﺎﻟﻌﻮ ﲜﺮﺣﻮ ﻭﺁﻥ ﺧﻼّﻩ ﺑﻘﺘﻠﻮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﰲ ﺷـﺒﺎﻁ ﱂّ ﺍﻟﺒـﻴﺾ ﻣـﻦ
)ﻭﺳﺎﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻼﻁ.
ﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﺒﻼﻁ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻋﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻡ
ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺑﺘﺒﺎﻥ )ﺃﻭ ﻋﺠﺮﻥ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ(.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻼﻍ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳋـﱪ ﻳﻨﺸـﺮ ﺑﺸـﻜﻞ ﺭﲰـﻲ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﻼﻁ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﺍﱐ :ﺑﺒﺺّ ﻣﺎ
))ﻣﻮﻟﺪ((. ﺑﱰ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺷﺮّﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻼﻁ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑَﻼﻏﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺒَﻼﻍ. ﺍﻟﺒْﻼﻁ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻼﻁ :ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ
:PALATIUMﻗﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑُـﲏ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻼﻏﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻞ PALATIUMﻣﻦ ﺗﻼﻝ ﺭﻭﻣﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺎً ﻣﻘﺘﻀﻰ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﻣﻊ ﻓﺼﺎﺣﺘﻪ.
١٦١
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ))ﺇﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ(( ﺟ ٢ﺹ ٣٣٨ﻭﺟ ٥ﺹ ١٧ﻭ ١٨ﻭﺟ ٦ﺹ.١۰٦ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻼﻏﺖ.
ﺑَﻠْﺒَﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺟﻮﺯﻱ ﺑﻠﺒﻠﲏ ﺑﻠﺒﻠـﺔ ﻣـﻮ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ ﺟ ٧ﺹ.٧
ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﻥ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺷﺘّﺘﲏ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻠﺒﻠﻪ :ﻓﺮّﻗـﻪ ﺑَﻼّﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﺎﻝ :ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠـﻒ.
ﻭﺣﺮّﻛﻪ ،ﺃﻭﻗﻌﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳍﻢّ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻟﺴﻨﺔ :ﺧﻠﻄﻬﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﺤﺪﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ ﺇﻥ ﰲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ
ﺑﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺒﻠﺒﻠﺖ ﺍﻷﻟﺴﻨﺔ ،ﺃﻱ ﺗﻔﺮّﻗﺖ. ﺑَﻼ ﻗﺎﻓۤﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ :ﺑﻼ ﻗﺎﻓﻴﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﻠﺒﻞ :ﺷﻮّﺵ. ﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﺑﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻭﻳّﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﺍﳍﻮﺍ ﺭﻣﺎﻙ ﻭﺑﻠﺒﻞ ﺁﺣﻮﺍﻟﻚ ]ﻣﻦ ﲤﭽﻜﺎﻢ[.
ﻳﺎ ﻣﺸﻤْﺶ ! ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻓﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻠْﺒﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻠﺒُﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﻃﻴـﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻐَـﺮَﺩ،
ﺑْﻼﻝ ﺍﳊﺒﺸﻲ :ﻣﺆﺫﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎﻩ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﲰﻪ
ﻭﻳﻀﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﰲ ﻃﻼﻗـﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺴـﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﺕ
ﰲ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﻢ:
ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻞ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻼﻝ ﻣﺎﺑﺒﻄﻞ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﻥ.
ﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺑﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺑَﻼ ﻣﻌﻨَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑِﻼ ﻣﻌﲎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻓﻬـﻢ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ:
BUMBUL
ﻛﻼﻣﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻩ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺆﻭﻟـﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺗﻮﺭﻳـﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ: ﻏﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ]ﻣﻦ ﲤﭽﻜﺎﻢ[.
ﺍﻟ ﺒَﻼّﻥ :ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌـﺔ((
BULBUL
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﺟﻨﺲ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﻋﺸﺒﻴﺔ ،ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ ﳓﻮ ،٢۰ﺗﻜﺜـﺮ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ:
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭ ...ﻭ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻐﻠﻴّﻪ ﺩﻭﺍﺀ ﳌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﻜّﺮ.
.BUMBUL
ﻭﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻃﻨﺒﻮﺍ ﰲ ﻭﺻﻒ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻓﻴّﺎ ﻃْـﺮﻧﺞ
ﺃﻋﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺴﻬﺎ ،ﻭ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﺸَﺒَﻂ.
ﻭﻧﺎﺭﻧﺞ ﻭﺑﻼﺑﻞ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻨﺎﻏﻲ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻫﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻐﻔﻠﺔ ﻭ ﻗﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ ﺟ ١۰ﺹ.٢٥٢
ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻼﻫﺖ.
ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﺒﺎﻝ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺷﺪّﺓ ﺍﳍﻢّ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺳـﻮﺍﺱ ،ﺗـﺮﺩ ﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜـﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﰲ ﺃﻳـﺎﺭ ﺑـﺘﻐﲏ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺑـﻞ
ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ.
ﻋﺎﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ.
ﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺑِﻞ ،ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺒﻞ ﻧﺎﻏﻰ ﻋﻐﺼﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻞّ.
ﲪّﺎﻡ ﺑَﻠﺒَﺎﻥ :ﲪــﺎﻡ ﺑـﲔ ﻗﺒـﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﺠــﺎﺭﻳﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﺒﻮﻟﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒُﻠﺒُﻠﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺼﺐّ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﺍﻣﻴّﺔ.
ﺍﻹﺑﺮﻳﻖ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﺒﻮﻻﺕ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺗﻮﺗﻞ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺔ ))ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ
ﻭﻓﺎ(( ﺹ :٨۰ﺑَﻠﺒَﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﻟﺒَﻨـﺎٓ :ﺑﻴـﺖ
ﺍﻟﻠﺒَﻦ.
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ﺗﻠﻮﳊﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺃﻡ ﺯﻧﺒﻮﺭ ﺑﺪّﻙ ﺑﻠﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﻗﺒﻮﺭ ،ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠَﺘﻴﻜَﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ :POLITIQUE :ﺍﳌـﺪﺍﺭﺍﺓ،
ﰲ ))ﺗﻠﻮﱀ(( ،ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﻌﺮۤﻑ ﴰﺲ ﺑﻼﺩﻱ )ﻭﺿﻤﻨﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ ،ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑَﻠَﺘﻴﻜﺎﺕ.
ﺣﺠﻠﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻠﺘﻴﻜﻪ ،ﻋﻢ ﲟﺸّـﻲ
ﻓﺪﻉ ﻳﺎﻋﺎﺫﱄ! ﻟﻮﻣﻲ ﻓﺈﱐ ﺃﻣﻮﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻠﺘﻴﻜﻪ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺘﻴﻜﻪ ﺭﺍﺱ ﻣﺎﻝ ﻛﺒﲑ.
ﺑﺸﻤﺲ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺃﺭﺿﻲ ﻣﻨﻚ ﺃﻋﺮﻑ( ﺑَﻠﺠﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻳﻠﺠﻤﻮﻭﻣﺎ ﺣﺴۤـﻦ ﳚـﺎﻭۤﺏ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻭﻟﺪ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻋﻤّﺮ ﺑَﻠَﺪ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻕ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﳉﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑﺔ :ﺃﻟﺒﺴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﺠﺎﻡ .ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً
ﺍﳌﺎﻫﻮ ﺑﺒﻠﺪﻙ ﻻﺃٕﻟﻚ ﻭﻻ ﻟﻮﻟﺪﻙ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﳒـﺪ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺧﺮﺳﻪ.
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻳﻨﻪ( ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﳉﺤﺎۤ :ﺃٕﻧﺘﻪ ﻣﻨﻴۤﻦ؟ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺗْﺒﻠﺠَﻢ.
ﻟﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﺪ ﺃﻫﻞ ﻣﺮﰐ ،ﻋﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﺦ ﻛﺘﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠَﺢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺣَﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺨﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺍﻡ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ﻛﺤِﺼﺮِﻡ
ﻭﻋﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﺪﺧﻼ ﻛﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻄﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠَﺢ.
ﻣﻦ ﺑﺼﻼ ،ﻛﻞ ﺳﺠﺮﺓ ﻭﺃﻻٕ ﺯَﻱّ ،ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﻨﻔﻊ ﰲ ﺑـﻼﺩﻭ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺑَﻠَﺤﺔ ﻭﺑﻠﺤﺎﻱ ﻭﺑﻠﺤﺎﻳﺔ.
ﻣﺎﺑﻨﻔﻊ ﰲ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑَﻠَﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﺑَﻠَﺤﺎﻳﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻨﲔ ﺑﻔﺮﺩ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺑﻴﺎﺧﺪﻭﺍ ﺑﻠﺪ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻠْﺨﻲ :ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﻋﻠـﻲ ﺍﻟـﻮﺍﻋﻆ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﺒﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻠﺪﻱ ﻳﺎﺑﻠﺪﻱ! ﻭﺍﻧـﺎ ﻋـﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻫﺪ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻌﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺫﺍﻥ ))ﺣﻲّ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺃﺭﻭّﺡ ﺑﻠﺪﻱ )ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺮ(. ﺧﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ(( ﺑﺪﻻً ﻣﻦ ))ﺣﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﺡ(( ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﺨـﻲ
ﻏﲑﻫﺎ: ﺃﺑﻄﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻗﺮﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻌﺔ.
ﻻﻃﻠﻊ ﻋَﺮٔﺍﺱ ﺍﳉﺒﻞ ﻭﺍﺷﺮۤﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠَﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠْﺪﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺓ:
ﻧَﺴﱠﻢ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑـﻼﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻗﻮﻝ :ﻳﺎﻣـﺮﺣﺒﺎ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﻠَﺪ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﻳﺆﻧﺚ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻼﺩ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒُﻠﺪﺍﻥ ﻭﻫﻢ
ﻳﺮﺩّﻭﻥ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٢٤ﺹ.٢۰٧
ﺑَﻠَﺪ :ﻓﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒـﺎﺏ،
ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻮﺑَﻠَﺪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠَﺪ ﻭﺑﻠـﺪِﻱ ﻭﺑﻠـﺪﻳﺖ
ﺑَﻠﱠﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠﱠﺪ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﺟﺰ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱ ،ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﻭﺑﻼﺩ ﻭﺑﻠﺪﺍﻥ ﻭﺑﻠﺪﺕ.
ﺍﳍﻤّﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﲤﻠﻘﺎﻢ[ :ﺃٕﻧﺘۤﻪ ﻭﺭﺩۤﺓ ﺑﺒﻠﺪۤﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺑﻠـﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻠـﺐ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﺪﺓ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ. ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﺒۤﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻠـﺪﻧﺎ ﺯﻏـﲑۤﺓ ﻭﻣﻨﻌـﺮﻑ
ﺑﻌﻀﻨﺎ ،ﻟﻮ ﺩٕﻋﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺏ ﻳﺴـﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﻣـﺎ ﰎّ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻠـﺪ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠَﺪِﻱ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻠﺪ ﺣﻠﺐ، ﻗﺼّﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺑﻠﺪﻙ ﴰۤﺮ )ﻭﳒۤﺲ( ﻓﻴّـﺎ،
ﻭﻳﻌﺘﺰﻭﻥ ﲟﻨﺘﻮﺝ ﺑﻠﺪﻫﻢ ﻛﺎﳕﺎ ﺍﳊﺮﻣـﺎﻥ ﻫﺒـﺔ ،ﻭﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧـﺬﻛْـﺮۤﺕ ﺍﻟﺒـﻼﺩ ﻋﻨﻄـﺰۤﺕ ﺩﺭﻛـﻮﺵ،
ﻓـﺄﻱ ﺑﻠـﺪﺓ ﲡﺎﺭﻳﻬـﺎ ﰲ ﻃﻌـﻮﻡ ﺧﻀﺎﺭﻫـﺎ
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ﻭﳊﺒّﻪ ﺩﻫﻦ ﻋﻄﺮ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﳉﺮﻭﺡ ﻳﻌـﺮﻑ ﺑـﺪﻫﻦ ﻭﲦﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﳊﻤﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﻨﻄـﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳـﺔ ،ﻭﺗﺴـﻤﻰ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﺴَﻢ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻐﻠﻰ ﺯﻫﺮﻩ ﻭﻳﺸﺮﺏ ﻟﻮﺟﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﺓ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﺼﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻱ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﺴَـﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﻠﺴـﺎﻥ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ.
.BALSAMON ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻱ ﺑﻠـﺪﻱ ﻭﺍﳉَﻠَـﺐ
ﻭﺫﻛﺮﺗﻪ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻮﻧﻴﺔ. ﻛﺒّﻮﻩ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻱ ﺑﺸﻘٔﻪ ﻳﺎﺑٓﻮ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺑَﻠﺴَﺎﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺯﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻻ ﺣﻨﻄﺔ ﺟَﻠَﺐ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ٨٨ﺹ .٣٦٨ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ. )ﺃﻭ ﺯﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻠﺪﻱ ﻭﻻ ﺣﻨﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻴﱯ(.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠْﺴَﻢ :ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺑﻼﺳـﻢ :ﺩﻫـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﺴَـﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳّۤﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻭﺿﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ
ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻨﻈﺮ ﰲ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻣﺮﺍﻓﻘُﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﻤﺮﺍﺎ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠْﺴَﻤﻮٓﻥ. ﻭﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﲣﻄﻴﻄﻬﺎ ﻭﻧﻈﺎﻓﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻴﺴﲑ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ...
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ﻳﺪﻳﺮﻫﺎ ﳎﻠﺲ ﺑﻠﺪﻱ ،ﻭﺃﻗﺮّ ﺍﻤـﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺑﻠﺴﻢ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﭙﻮﻟﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ ))ﺍﳊِﺴـﺒﺔ((
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BALSAM : ﻭﺃﻟّﻔﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻠﺤﻨﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳊَﺴـﱯ
ﺑٕﻠۤﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑٕﻠۤﺶ ﺑَﻠْﺸۤﺔ ﻭﺃﻧـﺎ ﻣﺎﺑـﺪّﻱ ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﳊﺎﺀ.
ﺃﺑﻠَﺶ ﺑَﻠﺸﺎﺗﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺻﻴﺐ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻠَﺶ: ﺗﺄﺳﺴﺖ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٨٦٦ﺑﺮﺋﺎﺳﺔ ﺎﺀ
ﺿُﺮﱠ ،ﺃُﻭﺫِﻱ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﻗﺘﻞ ﻗﺘﻴﻼً. ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺳﻲ ،ﰒ ﺧﻠﻔﻪ ﺭﺍﻏﺐ ﺍﳉﺎﺑﺮﻱ ،ﰒ ﺧﻠﻔـﻪ
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻠﺶ ﻭﺗﺒﺎﻟﺶ ﻭﺑﻼّﺵ. ﺭﺍﻏﺐ ﺍﳉﺎﺑﺮﻱ ،ﰒ ﺧﻠﻔﻪ ﲬﺴﺔ ،ﰒ ﺧﻠﻔﻬـﻢ ﻋﺒـﺪ
ﺑَﻠّﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻠّﺸﻨﺎ ،ﻭﺑﻠّﺶ ﺍﳌﻄﺮ ،ﻭﻟﺴّﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﱯ ﰒ ﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻴـﺎﻥ
ﻣﺎﺑﻠّﺶ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﻢ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻧﻈـﻦ ﺃـﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ،ﻭﻗﻞ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﻜـﱪﻯ ﻻ
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ))ﺑﺎﺷﻼ(( ﻣﻦ ﺟﺬﺭ ))ﺑﺎﺷﻼﻣﻖ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻳﺸﻐﻠﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻋﻬﺪﻧﺎ ﻢ ﺃﻣﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺐ.
ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺱ ١٣ﺹ :٤٨٩ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑَﻠّﺶ ﺍﻟﮕﺮِﻱ ،ﺑﻠّﺶ ﻳـﻨﻐّﻢ، ﺑَﻠّٔﺮ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻠﻮٔﺭ.
ﺑﻠّﺸۤﺖ ﻣﺮﺗﻮ ﺗﻔﺴﻔﺲ ﻟﻮ ،ﻭﺑﺘﺨﺒﱢﻲ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﺸﺎ ﻟﻠّﻴﻞ. ﺍﻟﺒۤﻠۤﺮِﻳﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PELERINE :ﺍﻟﻜﺴـﺎﺀ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﳜﺘﺼﺮﻭﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﺎﺷﺮ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻣﻌﺘـﺎﺩﺍً ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﻲ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﻻﺃﻛﻤﺎﻡ ﻟﻪ ،ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜـﺘﻔﲔ،
ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑَﻠّﺶ ،ﺃﻭ ﺑﻠّﺸﻨﺎ. ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺣﺠّـﺖ
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺱ ،ﰒ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﺼـﺎﺭﻯ ﰲ
ﺑَﻠْﺸَﻔﻴﻚ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻮﻟﺸﻔﻴﻚ. ﺍﳊﺞ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠَﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﻠﺴﺎﻥ :ﺷﺠﺮ ﻛـﺜﲑ ﺍﻟـﻮﺭﻕ
ﺑَﻠﺸﻮﻥ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ،ﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﲑ ،ﺯﻫﺮﻩ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﺻﻐﻴـﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜـﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻗﻴـﺪ،
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ﻭﻏﺮﰊ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺭﻭﻣﺎﱐ ﻻﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ،
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺑﲔ ﺃﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﻨﺴﺮﻳﻦ. ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﻟۤﺸﻨٓﺎ :ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻱ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻠَـﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺮ )ﺃﻱ: ﺷﻠﺤﺖ) .ﺣﻠﺐ.(٧٩
ﺍﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﻴﻞ(. ﺑٔﻠٔﺺ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻠّﺼﻪ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﺎﻟـﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒﻠْﻄٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﺎﻟﻄٔﻪْ :ﺍﻟﻔﺄﺱ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺸﺪﻳﺪ( :ﺃﺧﺬﻩ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﱂ ﻳﺪﻉ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً.
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻳﻜﺴﺮ ﺎ ﺍﳊﻄﺐ ﻭﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﻭﻏﲑﳘﺎ. ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻠﺺ ﻭﺗﺒﻠّﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼّﺹ.
ﻭﺻﺎﻧﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﺎﺋﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻄﻪ ﺟـﻲ، ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻠۤﺺ :ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ،ﺃﺑﺮﺯ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻄﻪ ﺟﻴّۤﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﻠﻀٔﻤۤﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋٔﻢ ﺑْﺒَﻠﻀۤﻢ ﻻﺗٕﺴﻤﻊ ﻟﻮ،
ﻋﺮﺑﻴّﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻗﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮّﺍﻋﺔ. ﻛﻨّﻲ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺑٔﻠﻀﻤﺎﺗﻮ ،ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﺒﻠﻀۤﻢ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻭﻛٕﻠﻨـﺎ
ﺱ١١ ﻭﺍﻗﺘُﺮﺡ ﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ ﻣﻨﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻀﻤﻪ ﺟﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳـﺪﺟّﻞ ،ﻭﻳﻜـﺬﺏ
))ﺍﻟﻜِﺮﺯﻳﻦ(( ،ﻭﱂ ﻳُﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ. ﻭﻳﻐﺶ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻧﺮﻯ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﺪٔﺍﻧْﻤٔـﻪ((
ﻭﻳُﺪﺍﱐ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻄـﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﻟﻔﻈـﺎً ﻭﻣﻌـﲎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠـﻬﺎ ))ﺍﻟﺪﺍﲤـﻪ(( ﲟﻌـﲎ:
))ﺍﻟﺒَﺮﺕ(( :ﺍﻟﻔﺄﺱ )ﳝﺎﻧﻴﺔ( ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( :ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻝ ،ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻐﻔﺎﻝ ،ﺍﻟﻜﺬﺏ ،ﺍﻟﺘـﺪﺟﻴﻞ ،ﺳـﺒﻘﺖ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣّﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻄﺔ. ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣﻊ ﻓﺼﺎﺭﺕ ﲟﻌﲎ ﲝﻴﻠﺔ ،ﰒ ﻧﺴﻴﺖ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺯﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻓﺼﺎﺭﺕ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳊﻴﻠﺔ.
ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻓﺎﳉﺬﺭ ﻋﺮﻳﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﻫﻮ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺑﻠﻀﻢ ﻭﺗﺒﻠﻀﻢ ،ﻭﻣﺼـﺪﺭﻩ:
ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ. ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻀﻢ.
ﻭﻣﻀﻴﻨﺎ ﳌﺎﺩﺓ ))ﺑﻠﻂ(( ﻓﻠﻢ ﳒﺪ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﻣﻌـﲎ ﻭﻻ ﻧﺮﻯ ﺻﻮﺍﺑﺎً ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ ﺱ ٣ﺹ :٤٦۰ﺇـﺎ
ﻟﻠﻜﺴﺮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒُﻠْﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﻠْﻂ :ﺍﳌِﺨﺮَﻁ ،ﻭﻫـﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻭﻟﻄﻤﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ))ﻟﻄﻢ((.
ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳜﺮﻁ ﺎ ﺍﳋﺮﺍﻁ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺓ ﺑَﻠْﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺰﳌﺔ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑَﺘْﺰﺍﺯَﻱ ﻣﻨّـﻮ ،ﻻ
ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﰒ ﺍﺳﺘﺸﺮﻧﺎ ﻋﻠـﻲ ﺳـﻴﺪﻱ ﰲ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﱄ :ﻟۤﻴﺶ؟ ﻷﻧﻮ ﺑٔﻠْﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻧـﻪ
ﻣﻌﺠﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ ﻓﻨﺺّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺭ. ﳓﺲ ﻭﺷﺆﻡ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻠﻂﻪﺟﻲ :ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻄﺔ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺻﺎﻧﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻄﺔ ﺗﺮﻛﻪ ﻭﻓﺮّ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﻭﺑﺎﺋﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻧﺰﻳﺪ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺃﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﺑٔﻠّﻂ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻠّﻂ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﺑَﻠَﻄﻬـﺎ :ﻓﺮﺷـﻬﺎ
ﰲ ﻗﺎﻃﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼّﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮﺓ ،ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﺴﻠﺢ ﺎ. ﺑﺎﻟﺒَﻼﻁ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻄﻪ ﺟﻴّﺔ. ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺗﺒﻠّﻄۤﺖ ﺍﳊﻮٓﺵ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﱐ :ﺍﳊَﺮَﺱ ،ﻷﻥ ﺫﻛﺮ ))ﺇﻳﺴﻴﺪﻭٓﺭْﺱ(( ﺍﳌﺆﺭﺥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻃـﺎﺟﻨﻴﲔ
ﺳﻼﺣﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻄﺔ. ﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳍﻢ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻊ ﻃﺮﻕ ﻣﺒﻠﻄﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ
))ﺳَﻤﲑﺍﻣﻴﺲ(( ﺑﻠﻄﺖ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﺴﻌﺪ ﺑَﻠَﻊ ﺑﺘﱰﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﺑَﻠَﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﺑَﻠْﻌـﺎً :ﺃﻧﺰﻟـﻪ ﻣـﻦ
ﺑﺘﻨﺒﻠﻊ )ﺃﻱ :ﻻ ﺗﺒﺘﻠﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻷﺎ ﺭﻳّﺎ ﲟﺎ ﻧﺰﻝ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﺣﻠﻘﻮﻣﻪ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻌﺪﺗﻪ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ(. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﻠَﻊ.
ﺑٕﻠْﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋٔﺼٔﺮﻭ ﻋﺼﺮٔﺓ ﻃﺎﻟﻊ ﻟﻮ ﺑٕﻠﻌﻮ، ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻠَﻊ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺮﺩّ ﻣﺎﺍﺑﺘﻠﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ،ﻓﻬـﻲ ﻋﻨـﺪﻧﺎ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ))ﺑﻠﻊ(( ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﺭﺗﺸﻰ.
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠْﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ))ﺑَﻠَﻊَ((. ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻠﻊ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻼّﻉ ،ﺗﺒﻠّﻊ.
ﺑﻠّﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻠّﻌﻪ :ﺻﻴّﺮﻩ ﻳﺒﻠﻊ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺎۤﻟۤﻊ ﺭﻳﻘﻮ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻ
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺑَﻠّـﻊ ﺍﳌـﺄﻣﻮﺭ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﺑﺄﺱ ﲝﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ(.
ﺭﺷﺎﻩ(. ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ(( ﻟﺘﻴﻤـﻮﺭ ﺹ :٧ﰲ
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺷﻠّﻊ ﻟﻮ ﺑﻠّﻊ ﻟﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺷـﺘﻤﻪ، ))ﺍﳌﻄﺮّﺯﻱ(( ﻋﻠﻰ ))ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ(( ﺹ ١٦۰ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺃﺑﻠﻌـﲏ
ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ :ﺷﻨّﻊ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻓـﺔ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ: ﺭﻳﻘﻲ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ)) :ﻻ ﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﺭﻓﻴﻘﺎً ﻣﻦ ﱂ ﻳﺒﺘﻠﻊ
ﻳﺎﺑﻼّﻉ... ﺭﻳﻘﺎً(() :ﺃﻱ ﻣﻦ ﱂ ﳝﻬﻞ(.
ﻭﻳﺼﺢ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻠّﻊ ﻟﻮ :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻟﻐـﺔ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺘﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﳜﺘﻠﺲ :ﺑﻔـﱵ
ﺍﻟﺒﻠّﻮﻋﺔ. ﻋﺎﻹٕﺑﺮﺓ ﻭﺑﺒﻠﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﻧۤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠْﻌﺔ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺨﺪﺭﺍﺕ :ﺍﳊﺸﻴﺶ ﻳﻌﻘّﺪ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻣﻦ ﻻﻳﺮﺍﻋﻲ ﺇﻻ ﻏﻨﻤﻪ :ﺑﺒﻠﻊ ﺷﺎﺵ
ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ ،ﻳﺒﻠﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻓﻴﺘﺨﺪﺭﻭﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ.
ﺿﺎﺭّ ﺟﺪﺍً ،ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻛﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻄﲔ ﻣﻦ ﱂ ﺗﺄﺳﺮﻩ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺫﻣﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﺮﺛﺎﺭ :ﻛٕﻨّﻴﻚ ﺑﺎۤﻟۤﻊ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮ.
ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﻮّﺩﻫﺎ ﺻـﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻧﺸﻘﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺑﻠﻌﺘﻮ.
ﺍﻋﺘﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﺭﻛﺐ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺟـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﻴﺎﺭﺓ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺧﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻦ :ﺑﻜﺮّۤﻩ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﺣﻠﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﺔ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃﻧﻚ ﻻﺗﺮﺗﺎﺡ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺗﻴﺒﻠﻌﺎ ﻭﺣﺪﻭ ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎۤﻟۤﻊ ﻋﺼﺎﻳۤﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺯﺍﻭﻟﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﻑ ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﺏ ﻗﺎﻣﺘﻪ ﺗﻜﱪﺍً( ،ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﻼّﻉ ﺍﳌـﻮﺱ :ﺇﻥ
ﻳﺸﻖ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﰲ ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﳑﻠﻮﺀﺓ ﺑﺎﻷﻭﺑﺌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻨﺎ ﺑﻠﻌﻮ ﺩﲝﻮ ﻭﺁﻥ ﻃﺎﻟﻌﻮ ﺟﺮﺣﻮ.
ﻓﺎﳌﻮﺕ ،ﻓﺎﻟﺒﻄﻮﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺣﺪﺍﺛﺘﻚ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺁﺑﻼﻉ ﻟﻘﻤۤﺔ ﻛﺒﻴۤﺮﺓ ﻭﻻ ﲢﻜﻲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ – ﺇﺫﺍ ﻃﺮﺃ ﻣﺎﻳﻔﺰﻉ–: ﻛﻠﻤۤﺔ ﻛﺒﻴۤﺮﺓ.
ﻃﻴّﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻌﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺯﺍﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﲣﺪﻳﺮﻫﺎ(. ﺳَﻌْﺪ ﺑَﻠَﻊ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺳﻌﺪ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑَﻠَﻊ ﻓﻌﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺑُﻠَﻊ،
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻠﻌﻮﺹ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻠَـﻊ :ﺑَﻠَـﻊ ﺃﻱ: ﻭﺳﻌﺪ ﺑُﻠَﻊ – ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ – ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻤـﺮ:
ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻮﻉ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺍﻟﻌﻘـﻞ ﻣﺎﲣـﺎﻃﺮ ﺃﻱ: ﳒﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﺃﺳﻄﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻓﻜﺄﻧﻪ ﺑﻠﻊ ﺍﳋﻔﻲّ
ﺍﳌﻌﻘﻮﻝ ،ﻭ))ﺳﺎٓ(( :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﲑ ،ﺃﻱ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺼـﻐﲑ ﻭﺳﻄﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﻮﺋﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺒﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻌـﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻭﺯﻥ ﻓُﻌَـﻞ:
ﺍﳊﻘﲑ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻋﻴﺺ. ﻣﻌﺪﻭﻝ ﻋﻦ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺩﺷّﺮﻭ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﻧﻚ ﺷـﺎۤﻳﻔﻮ
ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺴﻌﺪ ﺑﻠﻊ.
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ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ)) :ﺑﻠﻐﻢ(( ﺩﺧﻴﻞ ﻗـﺪﱘ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻌﻮﺻﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻌﻮﺻﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ. ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ))ﺍﻟﺒِﻠْﻌَﻮْﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﻠَﻌُﻮﺱ((:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓَﻠﺠﻤﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓَﻠﺠﻤَﺎ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﳊﻤﻘﺎﺀ.
)ﻭﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻛﺎﻓﺎً(. ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺃﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻌﻮﻁ :ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﺀ :ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻚ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻠْﻐٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﳊﺒﺎﻟﲔ :ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ.
ﺗﺼﻨﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﺒﺎﻝ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻠﻐﺔ: ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻌﻮﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻠﻌﻮﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒُﻠْﻌُﻢ :ﳎﺮﻯ
ﺍﻟﻜِﻔﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻣﺎﻳُﺘﺒﻠّﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺶ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻠﻖ ،ﺍﳌﺮﻱﺀ ،ﺍﳌِﺴﺮَﻁ.
ﺷﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﲑﺓ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻋﻢ ،ﻭﺣﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻋﻴﻢ:ﲨﻊ ﺑﻠﻌﻮﻡ،
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠْﻒ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻠﻒ. ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺒُﻠﻌُﻢ ﻓﺠﻤﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻋﻢ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠْﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳـﺔ :VALVE :ﺻـﻤّﺎﻡ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﻠَﻌﺘﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻠﻌﻮﻡ.
ﻛﺎﻭﺗﺸﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ. ﺑٔﻠٔﻎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻠﻎ ﺑﻠﻮﻏﺎً ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﻭﺻﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ.
ﺑَﻠَﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ :BLUFF :ﺧﺪﻉ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ)):ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺎً ﻣﺎﺑﻠﻎ((.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻠﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼّﻑ ﻭﺍﳌﺒﻠﻮﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻔـﻪ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﺫﺍﻧﺎ ﺃﺫﻳّۤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻐـﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺟﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻴّﻒ. ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﺍﳊﺪ ﺍﻷﻋﻈﻢ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑْﺮﻳﺪ ﻳﺒﻠٕﻔﲏ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﻌﺮﻓﻮ ﺑﺒﻠٓﻒ، ﺑَﻠّٔﻎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻠّﻐﻪ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ :ﺃﻭﺻـﻠﻪ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ،
ﺍۤﻱ ﺧﻠّﻴﻪ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻠﻔﺎﺗﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑﻱ. ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗَﺒَﻠّﻎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜّﻨﻮﻥ.
ﺑﻠٔﻖٔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ :ﻓﺘﺤﻪ ﻛﻠﻪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻎ ﻭﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎﺕ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻠﻖ ﻭﺑﻠّﻖ ﻭﺗﺒﻠّﻖ. ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮﻓﻊ ﺻﻮﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺗﻜﺒﲑﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼـﻼﺓ
] ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬـﻢ [ :ﺫﻭﻕ ﻣﺎﻋﻨـﺪﻭ ،ﻭﻛـﻞ ﺇﻳﺬﺍﻧﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻠﲔ ﲝﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ،ﲰﻮﻩ ﺍﳌْﺒﻠّۤﻎ.
ﻣﺎﺩﺧﻞ ﲞﺒﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻣﺒﻠﻮﻑ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺷﺘﺎۤ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻣﻨﻮ ﻏﺎﺿﻚ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ:
ﺑٔﻠّٔﻖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺑﻠﻖ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻠّﻐﻚ.
ﺑﻠﻖ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐٔﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻼﻁ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻥ ﻭﺃﺣﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺵ ﺑﻚ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻋﺪّﻯ ﺷـﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ.
ﻛﻮﻳّﺲ ﺑﺘﺒﻠّﻖ ﻋﻴﻮﻧﻚ ،ﻛﻨّﻴﻚ ﮔﻮﺭﻣﺎﻣﺶ. ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﻤۤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﻤﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﻤﺎﻳۤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻠْﻘٔﺎﻥ :ﲰﻰ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﳑﺘﻠﻜﺎﻢ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﳍﻢ ﻭﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻪ :ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻏﻠﻴﻈﺔ ﳐﺎﻃﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﺬﻓﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ
ﰲ ﺃﻭﺭﺑﺎ ﺑﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻘﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺑﻠﻘﺎﻥ((ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺩﻭﻧﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺮﺓ ﺗﻜﺴﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺑﺎﺕ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎﻫـﺎ ﻷـﻢ
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺟﱭ ﺑﻠﻘﺎﱐ.
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ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺃﺧﺬﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑَﻞ(( )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻹﺿﺮﺍﺏ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﻛِﻪ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻧﺘﻘـﺎﻝ ﺑَﻠﻘﻴﺲ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﰲ ﺳﺒﺄ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻥ
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ ،ﻓﻴﻘﺎﻝ :ﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻄﺎﻟﺔ ﺑَﻠﻜِـﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ ﻕ.ﻡ
ﻫﻮ ﻣﻜﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻌﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﲑﺓ–:ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻗـﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺯﺭﻧﺎ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻗﺼﺮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺗﺴـﻤﻴﻬﺎ
ﻋﻠﻲ ﺳﻴﺪﻱ –. ﺑِﻠﻘﻴﺲ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎﻫﺎ ﻷﺎ ﺗﺮﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ.
ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺑﻞ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑَﻞْ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻛـﺜﲑﺍً، ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺿﺎﻕ ﺧٕﻠْﻖ ﺳﺘﻨﺎ ﺑﻠﻘـﻴﺲ
ﻭﻣﻦ))ﻛِﻪ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻞ. ﻭﻃﻠﺒۤﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑّﺎ ﺷﻲ ﺗﺘﺴﻠّﻰ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺃﷲ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﺩﻋﺎﻫﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﺑَﺮْﻛﻲ ﻋﺴﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻳﻌﺪﱢﻱ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺑﻌﺖ ﻻ ﺍﻟﺪﺑّﺎۤﻥ.
ﻫﻮٓﻧﺎ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﺧﺴﻠﺖ ﺧﺴﻴﻼ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻠٓﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﳉﻴﺶ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ :ﺑﻮﻟﻮﻙ: ﺸﻔۤﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﻦ ﺑﺘﺠـﻲ ﺳـﺘﻨﺎ ﺑﻠﻘـﻴﺲ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻭّﻝ ﰎّ ﻧ ّ
ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻴﺶ ﳓﻮ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌـﺎﺋﺘﲔ، ﻭﺑﺘﻌﺎۤﻭﻧﺎ.
ﻳﺮﺃﺳﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﺯﺑﺎﺷﻲ. ﺑَﻠﻜَﻢ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻜﻤﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺳﻜﺘﻪ.
ﻭُﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ))ﺍﻟﻔَﻮْﺝ(( ﻭﺃﻗﺮّﻫﺎ ﺍﻤـﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗﺒْﻠﻜﻢ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻜٓﻮﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـﺔ BALCONE :ﻋـﻦ
ﺑٕﻠٓﻚ ﺃﻣﻴﲏ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﻣـﲔ ﺍﻟﻔـﻮﺝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﳉﺴﺮ ﺍﳋﺸﱯ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻣـﺎ
ﻛﺎﺗﺒﻪ. ﺃﺷﺮﻑ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠَﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺑَﻠّﻪ :ﻧﺪّﺍﻩ. ﻋﺮﺑﻴّﻪ :ﺍﻟﺸُﺮﻓﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻜﺸﻮﻓﺎً ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜُﻨّﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺑَﻠّﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻠّﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ :ﻧﺪّﺍﻩ. ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻐﻄّﻰ.
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗﺒَﻠّﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺳﻜّﻨﻮﻩ. ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼـﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ)) :ﺍﻟﻄَﻨْـﻒ((:
ﺑَﻠْﻠِﻲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻠﻠﻲ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﻔﻀﻠﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻷﻧﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻴﻔﺔ ﺗُﺸﺮﻉ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻣﺎﺃﺷﺮﻑ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﺎً ﻋـﻦ
ﻗﺮﺍﻳﺒﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻌﻬﻮﺩ. ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠْﻠِﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺑَﻠْﻠُﻮ :ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻡ ،ﺍﻟﻈـﺎﻫﺮ، ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺩﻳﺎﺏ)) :ﺍﻟﺮَﻭْﺷﻦ(( :ﺍﻟﻜُﻮّﺓ.
ﺍﳉﻠﻲّ. ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻋﻄﻴﺔ)) :ﺍﳌُﺠَﺒّﺄ(( :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺷﻜﺮﻩ ﺑﻠﻠﻲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺷﻜﺮﻩ. ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﺒﺄ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ :ﺍﻃّﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻝ.
ﺑَﻠَﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎﺑَﻌﺮﻑ ﺃٕﺵ ﻭَﺷْ َﻮﺷٓﻮ ﺣـﱴ ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﻏﲑﻫﻢ ))ﺍﳉَﻨﺎﺡ(( ﺃﻭ ))ﺍﳋﺮْﺟﺔ((.
ﺑَﻠَﻤﻮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﻥ ﺻﻮﺗﻮ ﻭﺻﻼﻥ ﻟﻠﺴـﻤﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﻭﺳﺎﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺸُﺮﻓﺔ.
ﺃﺳﻜﺘﻪ .ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪﺓ :ﺑﻠّﻤﻪ :ﻭﺿﻊ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻓﻤـﻪ ﺑَﻠﻜِﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺑَﺮْﻛﻲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨّﺎﻩ ﺷْـﻮَﻱ
ﺍﻟﺒِﻼﻡ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒِﻼﻡ :ﺣﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﲡﻌﻞ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻓـﻢ ﺍﻟﻔــﺮﺱ ﺑﻠﻜﻲ ﲜﻲ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑَﺮْﻛِﻲ :ﻣﻦ
ﻭﻫـﻲ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﻠﺠـﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻤّـﺎﻣﺔ ﲡﻌــﻞ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠﻜِﻪ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﻮﻗﻊ ﲟﻌـﲎ :ﺭﲟـﺎ
ﻓـﻢ ﺍﻟﺜَﻮﺭ ﻋـﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺪﺭ ،ﻭﺃﺑﻠـﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺟـﻞُ: ﻭﻟﻌﻞّ ﻭﳏﺘﻤﻞ.
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ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠّﻮﺭَﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠّـﻮﺭﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﺭﺍﻳۤـﺔ،
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠّﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠّﻮﺭﺍﻳﺎﺕ. ﺳﻜﺖ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺑَﻠَﻢ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﺸـﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﲟﻌـﲎ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑۤﺮﻭﻻٓ. ﺃﺳﻜﺖ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮﻭﻻَ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻠَﻨﺠٓﻮ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻼﲝﻮ.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺒٕﻼّﺭ. ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻬﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ:ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻬﺎﺀ – ﻭﻳﻘﺼﺮ – :ﻣﺆﻧـﺚ
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ:ﺑَﻠْﻮٔﺭ ﻭﺗﺒﻠﻮﺭ ﺃﻭﺑَﻠّﺮ ﻭﺗﺒﻠّﺮ. ﺍﻷﺑﻠﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻬﻮٔﺍﻥ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻠﻮﺍﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑِﻠﱡﻮﺭ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻠْﻮٔﻯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪْ ﻛٕﻞ ﺣـﻲّ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BILJOR : ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻠﻮﺍﻩ.
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BILIOUR : ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻮﺍﻧﺎ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺼـﱪٓ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺰﺍۤﺯ. ﺑﻠﻮﺍﻧﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٨٩ﺹ.٥٣٦ ﺑَﻠْﻮٔﺭ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[:
ﻭ))ﺃﺭﻣﻨﺎﺯ(( ﺗﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻠﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ. ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻳﺮ ﺑَﻠﻮٔﺭ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻒ ﻭﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋـﺪ ﺑﻠـﻮﺭۤﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻜـﺮﺓ،
ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﺑﻠﻮﺭ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺳـﻄﻰ، ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻭﺿﺤﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺗﻌـﺒﲑ ﻏـﺮﰊ ،ﻭﻣﺼـﺪﺭﻩ:
ﻭﻇﻞ ﺣﱴ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ. ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮَﺭٔﺓ ،ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﺒﲏ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ :ﺑَﻠّﺮ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺷﻴﺸﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ. ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗﺒﻠﻮٔﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜّﻨﻮﻥ.
ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻃﺎﻭﻻﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﺭ. ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺑَﻠّﺮ :ﺗَﺒَﻠّﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜّﻨﻮﻥ.
ﺑﻠّﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻠّٔﻤﺒٔﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻠﻮﺭﺓ ﳌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠّﻮﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻠﱠـﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﻠﱡـﻮﺭ ﻋـﻦ
ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻷﺳْﻄﻮﺍﱐ ﻭﰲ ﻭﺳﻄﻬﺎ ﺑﻄﻦ. YALOS ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻼّٔﺭ :ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻐﻄﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺑﺒﻠﻮﺭ ﻣﻠﻮّﻥ ﺗﺰﻳﻴﲏ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻳﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﳌﻊ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺟـﺢ ﺃﻧـﻪ ﻣـﻦ
ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻷﻧﺘﻴﻜﺎﺕ. ﺍﻷﻛﺪﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻳَﺮِﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﺟـﺎﺝ
ﺑﻠّﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑٔﺎ :ﺍﳌﻔﺮﻏﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻌﺎﻧﻴﲔ.
ﺍﳌﻘﻴﺴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻤﻌﺎﺕ. ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﺩ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ
ﺑﻠّﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻳَﻨۤﺔ :ﻟﻔﺤﺺ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻝ ﻭﻏﲑﳘﺎ. ))ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﺋﻦ ﺣﻲ(( ﺹ ٣٩ﻳﺮﻯ ﺃﺎ ﺳﻨﺴﻜﺮﻳﺘﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﺎﻳَﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻃٕﻠﻌۤﺖ ﺑﻠﻮﺭﺗـﻮ ﻭﳜﻄﺊ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮﲰﻬﺎ ﺑﻼﻣﲔ.
ﻭﺳﺨﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻀﻴﻔۤﺔ ) :ﻣﺼﺎﺏ ﺃﻭ ﻻ(. ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺋﻌﻪ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑـﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠـﻮﺭﺟﻲ،
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻳﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻠﻮﺭﻳﺔ.
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ﻭﰲ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ BELUT :ﻭ .BELIT ﺍﻟﺒﻠّﻮﺭﻳّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍً ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﲡﺎﺭﺓ
ﻭﺫﻛﺮﺗﻪ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻮﻧﻴﺔ. ﺃﻭﺍﱐ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﺭ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻄﺮﻳﺔ(( ﺟ ١ﺹ.٢٧٢ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻳۤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠّﻮﺭﻳّۤﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺻﺎﻳﺔ ،ﲰﻴـﺖ ﻋﻠـﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑَﻼ ﺑَﺪﺷّۤﺮ ﻭﺑـﺮﻭﺡ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ،ﻧﻘﺸﺘﻬﺎ ﺩﺭﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ﻧﺎﺗﺊ ﻭﺩﺭﺏ
ﻋﻤﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﺷﻲﺀ( ﺑَﻼ ﺑَﻠّﻮﻁ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ :ﺑَﻼ )ﻓﻼﻥ ﺷﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺮ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻔﻨﻦ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﺃﻭ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻤﻞ( ﺑَﻼ ﺑَﻄّﻴﺦ. ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻓۤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠّﻮﺭﻳۤﺔ :ﻭﳜﺘﺼـﺮﻭﻥ ﻓﻴﺴـﻤﻮﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﱡﻮﻋﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻮﻋﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻮﻋـﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﺭﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺸـﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳـﻚ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼّﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﻠّﻮﻋﺔ :ﺛﻘﺐ ﺃﻭ ﳎﺮﻯ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺗﻌﻠﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻢ ،ﲢﺸﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ ،ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺖ ﺎ ﺣﻠـﺐ
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ. ﻭﲰﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻤﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼﻤﺔ.
ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻋﺔ ﺧﻄﺄ ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻮﻋﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒْﻠﻮﺯ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒْﻠﻮﺯﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ :BLOUSE
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻋـﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﻟﻴـﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺒْﻼۤﻟﻴـﻊ ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﻧﺴﺎﺋﻲ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻱ ،ﲢﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﭽﺒّـﻮﻥ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﻟﻴﻊ. ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺄﻛﻤﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻨﺼﻒ ﺃﻛﻤﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻛﻤﺎﻡ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﻠﻮﻋﺘْﺎٓ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻠﻮﻋﺘَﺎ. ﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ ﻭﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻲ ﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺑﻴـﺖ ﺃﻟـﻮ ﺑﻠّﻮﻋـﺔ ﻣﺼﺮ)) :ﺍﳌِﻴﺪَﻋﺔ(( :ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺬﻝ.
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻛﻞ ﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﳍﺎ ﺃﻧﺎﺱ ﻭﺳﺨﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺳﻠﻮﻛﻬﻢ(. ﺑْﻠُﻮﺯَﻩ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻦ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺃۤﻳﻨﺎ ﺷﻲ ﺑﺸـﺮﺏ ﺑﺸـﺮﺏ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﻟَﻮْﺯﺍۤ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺯ ،ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ
ﻣﺎﺑﺸﺒﻊ) :ﺍﻟﺒﻠّﻮﻋﺔ(. ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﻟﺒْﻠﻮﻍ :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻠﻮﻍ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺑﻠـﻎ: ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٥
ﻭﺻﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺑَﻠّﻮﺯۤﺓ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷٕـﺮۤﺏ ﺑَﻠّـﻮﺯﺓ ﻋـﺮﻕ،
ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻫﻘﺔ :ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻝ. ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺳﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻍ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭ، ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠﻮﺍﮊۤﻩ :ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﺔ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ ﻓﻘﺒﻴﻠﻪ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻠّﻮﻁ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲦﺮ ﺷﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪﻳﺎﻥ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻠّـﻮﻁ
ﺍﻟﺒْﻠﻮٓﻙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳـﺔ ،ﳎﻤﻮﻋـﺔ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﻌﻤّﺮ ﻭﻣﺘﲔ ﻭﲦﲔ ﻭﺩﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﳋﻀـﺮﺓ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋـﻪ ﺗﺒﻠـﻎ
ﻣﻀﺒﻮﺑﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﺗﺘﺒﺪﻝ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ. ﺍﻟﺜﻼﲦﺌﺔ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﳊﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄـﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺑﺎﻏـﺔ،
ﺍﻟﺒْﻠﻮٓﻛﺎﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BLOCAGE :ﺭﺻﻒ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻠّﲔ ﺗﺴﺪّ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﱐ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ
ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺣﺼﺒﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺒﻴﺪﻩ. ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻃﻮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﻠﻮٓﻛﻨﻮٓﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ:BLOC–NOTE : ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﻠﻮﻁ.
ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺘﺮ ﺍﳌﺨﺮّﻡ ﺟﺬﺭ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻪ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠّﻮﻃﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠﻮﻃٔﺎ.
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ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪﻫﺎ ﺳﻨﺔ ،١٦٥۰ﻭﲰﻴﺖ ﰲ ﺑﻼﺩﻧﺎ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺃﻣﺮﻫـﺎ: ﺍﻟﺒَﻠْﻮۤﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠْﻮۤﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻮََﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻮﺓ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺏ ﻭﺩَﻙّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺎ ،ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﰲ ﺑﻴﻮﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻴّﺔ :ﺍﳌﺼﻴﺒﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺯﳌۤﺔ ﺑَﻠْﻮۤﺓ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً :ﺗـﺄﰐ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻴﺎﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻠِﻲ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻓﻌـﻼﻥ، ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻴّﺔ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﺆﺫ ﺃﻭ ﺟﺒّﺎﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺧﺒﻴﺚ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﻓﻌﻼﻧۤﺔ ،ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﱄ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠـﻲّ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮۤﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑَﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﺑَﻼﻭِﻱ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻴّﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻠﻲ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻼﻭِﻱ ﺃﷲ ﻛﺘﲑۤﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻴﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺧـﻼﻑ ﺍﻟـﺬﻛﻲّ ،ﺧـﻼﻑ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﻌﲔ ﻛﻞ ﺣﻲّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻠﻮﺍﻩ،
ﺍﻟﻨﺸﻴﻂ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﲨﻌﻪ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﱳ((. ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺗﺘﻮ ﺷﺮﻳۤﺔ ﻓﺎﺗﺘﻮ ﺑَﻠْﻮۤﺓ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑٕﻠَﺪﺍ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ ﺑٕﻠِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠِﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏُ ﻭﻏﲑُﻩ :ﺧَﻠَـﻖ
ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻴﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻠﻴﺪﺍﺕ. ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﱄ ،ﻭﺍﳌﻴﺖُ :ﺃﻓﻨﺘﻪ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒُﻠَﺪﺍ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻀٔﻼٔ. ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻠَﻰ.
ﺑٕﻠّﻴۤﺮٔﻣُﻮﻥ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﺗﺒﻌﺪ ﺳﺒﻊ ﻛـﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑْﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﻣﺎﺣﺪﺍ ﺩﺭِﻱ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ.
ﻋﻦ ﴰﺎﱄ ﺣﻠﺐ. ﺑٕﻠِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻠﻲ :ﳎﻬﻮﻝ ﺑﻼﻩ :ﺟﺮّﺑـﻪ،
ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑﺄۤﻝ ﺭﺍﻣﻮﻥ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﱪﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻻﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﺎ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﰲ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﻢ
))ﺑﻴﺖ(( ﻭ ))ﺃۤﻝ(( :ﺍﻹﻟﻪ ،ﻭ))ﺭﺍﻡ(( :ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻟِﻲ ،ﻭﻣﻨـﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻣﻮﺳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﺁﺭﺍﻣـﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻄﻴـﻒ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺑُﻠﻴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺎﺻِﻲ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺘﺮﻭﺍ.
ﻭﻣﺆﺩّﻯ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻹﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱄ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻠِﻲّ :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﺎﺋـﻞ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺏ ،ﰲ ))ﻣﺴـﺎﻟﻚ
ﻭﻻ ﻧﺮﻯ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎً ﺃﺎ ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻧـﺖ ﺍﻷﺑﺼﺎﺭ(( :ﻭﲝﻠﺐ ﻭﺑﻼﺩﻫﺎ ﻗﻮﻡ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ.
ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻴﺒِﻲ.PALERMO : ـﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴــﺔ: ـﺎﺭﺩﻭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒِﻠﻴــﺎﺭ :ﻣـ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻴـ
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ ﺣﻮﳍﺎ ﺗﻨﻌﺘﻬﺎ :ﺑٕﻠّﻴۤﺮﻣﻮﻥ ﺍﺮﻓۤﺔ ﻭﺷﺒﺎﺑﺎ :BILIARDOﻃﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻠﺔ ﺛﻘﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﻔﺮﻭﺵ ﺳـﻄﺤﻬﺎ
ﺍﳌﻘﺮﻓﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﻥ ﺇﻟٕﻚ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﺒﱢﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺑﻚ ﺃٕﺭﻏﻔﺔ. ﺑﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺻﻮﰲ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ﻣﺒﻄﻦ ﳛﻴﻂ ﺎ ﺟـﺪﺍﺭ ﻗﺼـﲑ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎً ﻟﻨﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺃـﺎ ﻣـﻦ BEL ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ،ﻃﻮﳍﺎ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺃﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻭﻋﺮﺿـﻬﺎ ﲬﺴـﺔ ،ﻭﰲ
AIRAMONTﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ﺍﳉﻴﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺒﻞ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﻪ ﺇﻧﻜﻠﺘﺮﺍ ،٦ × ١٢ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﺎﺟﻴﺔ :ﲪﺮﺍﺀ
ﻟﻮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺔ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺼـﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ ،ﻟﻜﻨـﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﻴﻀﺎﻭﺍﻥ ،ﻳﻠﻌﺒﻮﻥ ﺎ :ﺑﺄﻥ ﺗﺪﺣﺮ ﺍﳊﻤﺮﺍﺀ ﺑﻘﻀـﻴﺐ
ﺃﺳﻮﺓ ﺑﺄﻟﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ ﻋﻬﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ. ﺫﻱ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻠﻄﻢ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀـﺎﻭﻳﻦ،
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻠﻴﻂ :ﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻌﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﻂ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺗﻠﻄﻢ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﻗﻰ ﺍﻷﻟﻌﺎﺏ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺣﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻴﺪ – .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﺟﺎﺭﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﺭﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ،ﻭﻃﺒﻌﺖ
ﻏﲑﻫﻢ.
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ﻭﺗﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ ،ﺃﻱ ﺃﻏﻠﻆ ﺃﻭﺗﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺮ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﱢﻴﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓَﻌّﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑٕﻢّ :ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺪﻓﻊ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻴﻎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﳌﺘﺼـﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻼﻏـﺔ،
ﻭﰈ ﰈ :ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻞ. ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳋﻄﻴﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻔﲔ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﳌﻦ ﻳﻐﺎﱄ :ﺑٕﻢْ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ – ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ.
ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ – :ﺷﺄﻧﻚ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻟـﻪ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻠَﻐﺎﺀ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒٕﻠَﻐﺎ ،ﻛﻤـﺎ
ﺍﳌﺪﻓﻊ. ﲡﻤﻊ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﳌﲔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻠﻴﻎ ﻭﺑُﻠﻐﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ))ﻓﻠﺘۤﺔ(( ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻣﺎﻋﺠّﺰﻭّﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻏﻴّﺮﻭﺍ ﻧُﻔﻮﺳٓـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻴﻠَﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ ﺗﻐﻠﻰ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﺗﺆﻛﻞ،
ﺇﱃ ﺑﻴﺖ ﰈ ﰈ. ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﻠﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺼـﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻋﻠـﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﺮﺷﻚ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻞ :ﺑﻴﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﺴﻠﻮﻕ ﺍﳊﻤّﺺ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ ﺍﳌﺴـﻠﻮﻗﺔ ﻓﻴﺴـﻤﻮﺎ:
ﰈْ ﰈ ﺑَﺲ. ﺳْﻠﻴﻘٔﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻤْﺐ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ ﻟﻀﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻹﻳﻘﺎﻉ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻴّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻴّـﺔ :ﺍﻟـﺒﻼﺀ :ﺍﻟﻐـﻢّ،
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻤْﺒٔﻪ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻣﺒٔﺔ. ﺍﳌﺼﻴﺒﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻼ.
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻦّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻦّ :ﺷﺠﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﳋﻀـﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﻼﻳﺎ.
ﺩﺍﺋﺢ ،ﻗﺪ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻣﺘﺎﺭ ،ﺫﻭ ﺯﻫﺮ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠِﻴّﺖ.
ﻣﻮﻃﻨﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻛﻔﺮﺍ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺃﺛﻴﻮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ،ﰒ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻭﺟﺎﻭﻩ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺍﺯﻳـﻞ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BELIA :
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﻧﻐﻮ ﻭﻏﻴﻨﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻠﺖ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺘـﻪ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BÉLAS :
ﺇﱃ ﻏﻮﻳﺎﻧﻪ .ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﱭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍـﺎﺯ ﺃﻱ :ﲦـﺮ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋَﻨﺪﻭ ﺃﺷﺎﻳﺎ ﺑَﻼﻳﺎ.
ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱭّ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻛْﻔـﻮﻓٓﻦ ﻣﺎﺣـﺪﺍ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﲏ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ. ﺑﺸﻮﻓٓﻦ ،ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﺑَﻼﻭﻳّٓﻦ ﺗﻌﻮﺍ ﻳﺎﺃﻫﺎﻟﻴّٓﻦ.
ﻭﳛﻤﺺ ﰒ ﻳﺪﻕ ﰒ ﻳﻐﻠﻰ ﻭﳛﻠﻰ ﺃﻭ ﻻﳛﻠـﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ. ﻳﺎﺑﻨﺖِ ﻋۤﻴﻨﻚ ﻋﻴﻨﻴّﺎ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺍﶈۤﺒّﺔ ﺑﻠﻴّﻪ
ﻭﻟﺪﻯ ﲢﻤﻴﺼﻪ ﺗﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﺫﻛﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻞّ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﻴﺘﻮ ﻋٔﻘٔـﺪّﻭٓ ،ﺗﻠـﺖ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ.CAFFONE : ﺑﻼﻭﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻼﻭﻱ ﺍﳊﻖ :ﺍﻟﺒﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻖ.
ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺍ ﻣﻐﻠﻴّﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﱭ ﻛﻤﺎ ﲰﻮﺍ ﻣﻐﻠﻲّ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﺒِﻠﻴﻮٓﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BILION :ﺍﳌﻠﻴﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ
ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺎﻱ ،ﺇﳕﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﳍﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺮ ﺇﳌﺎﻋﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴـﺔ ،ﺃﻣـﺎ ﰲ ﺇﻧﮕﻠﺘـﺮﺓ
ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﰲ ﺷﺮﺎ ﻧﺸﻮﺓ ،ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻻﺣﻆ ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻑ ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻠﻴﻮﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺘﲔ ))ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﲔ(( ﺹ.٤٨ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻢّ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﰲ ))ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺗﻪ(( :ﻭﻗﺪ ﺷﺎﻉ ﺍﲰﻪ
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]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﻌﻠﻘـﺔ ﺍﻟـﱭّ ﻣـﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣُﻤّﺺ ﻭﻃﺒﺦ.
ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺵ ﻟﺪﺭﺧﻮﺵ. ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﱭ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[: ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( :ﺍﻟﱭّ.
ﻗﻬﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﱭّ ﺣُﺮﱢﻣﺖ ﻓﺎﺷﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﻗﻬﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ ﻭﲰﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ :ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟـﻴﻤﻦ ،ﻷـﻢ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﲏ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ. ﻋﺮﻓﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ.
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٥ﺹ ١٨٣ﻭﺱ ١٢ﺹ ٧۰ﻭﺱ ١٤ﺹ٦٢٤ ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﲔ(( :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﻮﻥ ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ
ﻭﺱ ١٦ﻭﺹ ١٨٥ﻭ ٢٨٦ﻭﺱ ١٧ﺹ ٦٧٥ﻭﺱ ٥٩ﺹ ٣۰١ﻭﺱ٦٥
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﺳـﻢ ))ﺑـﻮٓﻥ((،
ﺹ ١۰٥ﻭﺱ ٩٥ﺹ.٣۰٨
ﻓﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒُﻦّ.
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺒﺔ :ﺱ ٣ﺹ ٣٣٨ﻭﺱ ٤ﺹ.٥٢٧
ﻭﳛﻜﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺯﻫﺎﺀ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻗـﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻋﺘـﺰﻝ
ﺑَﻨَﻰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﲎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖَ :ﺭﻓـﻊ ﺳَـﻤﻜَﻪ ﺃﻱ:
ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺎﺩ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﴰّﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺎﱐ ﰲ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺍﻟـﻴﻤﻦ،
ﺳﻘﻔﻪ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﻗﻄﻴﻊ ﻣﺎﻋﺰ ،ﻭﻻﺣﻈﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ﺣـﲔ
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ ﻭﻗﺼﺮﻭﺍ.
ﺗﺮﻋﻰ ﺍﻟﱭّ ﻻﺗﻨﺎﻡ ﻟﻴﻠﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻓﺘﺨﺬﻭﻩ ﺷﺮﺍﺑﺎً ﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺓ.
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺑﲎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒْﻨﺎﻳۤـﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ:
ﻭﺯﻋﻢ ﺑﺎﻃﻞ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﻑ ﺧﻮﺍﺻـﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒْﻨﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒِﻨﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺑْﻨﻴۤﺔ.
ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺻﻨْﻌﺘُﻪ ﺍﻟﺒِﻨﺎﺀ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨّﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻗﺼـﺮﻭﺍ،
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻜﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺍً ﲡﺎﺭﻳﺎً ﻛﺒﲑﺍً ﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺍﻟـﱭ،
ﻭﲨﻌﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻨّﺎﻳﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨّۤﺎﻳﲔ.
ﲢﻤﻠﻪ ﻗﻮﺍﻓﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺪﻥ ﺃﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻛـﺎﻥ
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻨَﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ.
ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ .١٥
ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻡ ﻭﺃﻫـﻞ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﲡﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻳﺒﻴﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـﱭ ﰲ ﺃﺳـﻮﺍﻕ
ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺮﺳﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺎﻡ ١٦٤۰ﻗﺎﺩﻣﲔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺮ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑِﻨﺎ ﻭﺑﻨﺎﺀً ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ
ﻳﺒﻴﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻐﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ.
ﻭﺃﺑﻨِﻴَﺔ.
ﻭﱂ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﱭ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﻋﺎﻡ .١٦٦۰
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﻨَﻪ :ﺑَﲎ ،ﻭﺑۤﻨَﻴَﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻨﺎﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ.
ﻭﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺴﺎ ﺍﻟﱭ ﻋـﺎﻡ ١٦٨٣ﺑﻄﺮﻳـﻖ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻨٓﺎ :ﺑَﻨَﻰ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻨَﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﲔ.
ﺇﺣﺼﺎﺀ :ﳎﻤﻮﻉ ﺭﺧﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻟﻌـﺎﻡ ١٩٦۰
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﱭ ﺑﺎﻻﺻـﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﺒـﺎﰐCOFFE :
ﻫﻮ ٧١٣ﺭﺧﺼﺔ.
.ARABICA
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﻣَﻦ ﺑﻨَﻰ ﻭﻋﻠّﻰ! ﻟﻮ ﻛـﺎﻥ
ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﱭ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.BEAN :
ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﻁ ﺑﺒﲏ ﺑﻴﻮﺕ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺤﻤﲑ ﻗﺼﻮﺭ ،ﻳﺎﻋۤﲔ ﻋـﻴۤﲏ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ.BOHN :
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻠﺞ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺑﺎۤﱐ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﳍﻮﻟﻨﺪﻳﺔ.BOON :
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺣﺒﲏ ﻣﺎﺑﻨَﻰ ﱄ ﻗﺼﺮ
ﻭﻃﻐﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﱭ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺯﻳﻠﻲ ،ﻓﺜﻼﺛـﺔ ﺃﺭﺑـﺎﻉ
ﻣﺎﻳﻨﺘﺠﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱭ ﺗﻨﺘﺠﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺯﻳﻞ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻟﻮﻥ ﺑﻨّﻲ ﻏﺎﻣۤﻖ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺎۤﺷۤﻒ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺮﺟّﺎﻝ ﺟﻨّﺎ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﺑَﻨّﺎ. ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻐﻀْﻲ ﻣﺎﺑﲎ ﱄ ﻗﱪ ،ﺍﻟﻄﻤّﺎﻉ ﺑﲎ ﻟﻮ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃٕﺟـﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒَﻨّﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻴۤﻂ :ﻫﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﻠﺲ ﺳﻜﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺣﺠﺮ ﻫﺎﺕ ﻃﲔ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨّﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ :ﻳﺒﲏ ﺑﻴـﺖ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺟﺤﺎۤ ﺑﻨّﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑـﲎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﺒﻮ.
ﳊﺎﻟﻮ ﺑﻴﺖ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﲏ ﻃﻮﺍﺣﲔ ﰲ ﺍﳍـﻮﺍ
ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﺃﺩَﻧۤﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻨٓـﺖ ﺇۤﺩْﻧـﺎۤ: )ﻭﻫﻮ ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﻲ(.
ﺧُﺮّﺍﺟﺎﺕ ﲢﺪﺙ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺯﺗﲔ ﻻﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻬﻤﺘـﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻨَﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ،ﺭﺩّﻭﻩ ﻭﻗﺼﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ:
ﺳﻮﻯ ﺍﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺛﻴﻢ ،ﻭﺑﻌـﺾ ﺍﻷﻃﺒـﺎﺀ ﻳﻨﺼـﺢ ﺑﲎ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ .ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ
ﺑﺈﺯﺍﻟﺘﻬﻤﺎ. ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.BINA :
ﺑَﻨﺎﺕ ﻧَﻌﺶ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﳒﻮﻡ ﺗﺪﻭﺭ ﺣﻮﻝ ﳒـﻢ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ.BINA :
ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺐ ﻳﺘﺮﺍﺀﻯ ﻟﻠﻌﲔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺳـﺒﻌﺔ ،ﻭﻫـﻲ ﻗﺴـﻤﺎﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑٕﻨﺎ ﺃٕﻧﺘﻪ ﻣٕﺴـﻠﻢ ﻟـﻴﺶ
ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﱪﻯ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ﳏﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﳒﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﻄـﺐ ﺑﺘﻔﻄﺮ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ ،ﲰﺤﺖ ﻟﺒﻨّﱵ ﲤﺸﻲ ﻣﻌﻚ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺑٕﻨـﺎ
ﺗﺪﻭﺭ ﺣﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﻋﻘﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﻋﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜـﱪﻯ ﺑﺪّﻙ ﺗﺘﺠﻮّﺯﺍ ،ﺧﻠﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎ ﺑﻘﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍۤﻗﺔ
ﺗﺪﻭﺭ ﺣﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ. ﻭ..
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻃﺎﺭ ﻣـﻊ ﺑﻨـﺎﺕ ﻧﻌـﺶ، ﺍﻟﺒِﻨﺎﺀ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺑﲎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺑﺘﻌﺪ ﻭﺃﻭﻏﻞ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑۤﻨْﻴَﻦ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺪﻳﺪﻫﻢ[ :ﻛﻮٓ ﺑَﻄٔﻴْﺮﻙ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﻧﻌﺶ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻨﺎﺀً ﺑﺪّﻙ ﺗﺸﺮﻓﻨﺎ ﺍﺳـﺘﻨﻴﺘﻚ
ﺑﻨَﺎﺕ ﺍﳍٔﻮٔﻯ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻏﺮﰊ ﺃﻃﻠﻘـﻮﻩ ﻋﻠـﻰ )ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻨﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﰐ ﻳﻌﺸﻘﻦ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻌﺸﻦ ﻣـﻊ ﻟﺬﺍﺋـﺬﻫﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(.
ﳛﺘﺮﻓﻦ ﺗﻘﺪﱘ ﺃﺟﺴﺎﺩﻫﻦ ،ﻳﺮﺍﺩﻓﻬﺎ :ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺭ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﻠﺪ ٧ﺟ ۲ﺹ :۲١۰ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻨﺎﻳۤﻖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﻘﺔ :ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻌﺔ ﺗـﺰﺍﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒَﻨّﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨّﺎﺀ – ﻭﻳﻘﺼﺮ– :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻓﺘـﻪ
ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ﲢﺖ ﻛﻤّﻴﻪ ﻟﺘﻮﺳﻴﻌﻪ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠـﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻌـﺔ ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﻨﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﺗﺰﺍﺩ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻧﱯ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺒﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﺭ ﺣﱴ ﻭﻟﻘﺐ ﺍﳌﺎﺳﻮﻥ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﲔ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﺍﺭ.
ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻞ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨّـﺎ
ﰲ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺔ ))ﺍﳌﻌﺮّﺏ(( ﻟﻠﺠﻮﺍﻟﻴﻘﻲ :ﻳﻔﻬﻢ ﻣـﻦ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ALVANEL :
ﻋﺒـﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﺃﺎ ﻋﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺩﺭﻳﺪ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ALBAGNIL :
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﻨَﺎﻱ.
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ﻭﺭﺷﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺎﺭﺍﺕ. ﰲ ))ﺍﳉﻤﻬﺮﺓ(( :...ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ...ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻗـﺎﻝ
– ﺃﻱ ﻧﻌﻢ ،ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺒﻌﻚ ﺍٕﻧﺘۤﻪ. ﺃﺩّﻯ ﺷﲑ :ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺐ ))ﺑﻨﻴﻚ((.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺒﻨﺒﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺒﻮﻗﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺭﺧٔﻰ ﺑﻨﺎﻳﻘﻮ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺻﺒﺢ
ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺒﻮﻗﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﺒﻖ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻮﻟـﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺔ(.
ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻄﻴﻒ ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺬﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﻠﺤﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒِﻨﺎﻳۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﻳَﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻨﺎﺑﻴﻖ ﻭﺑﻨﺒﻮﻗﺎﺕ. ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺑﻨﻴﺖ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﻴﻘﻚ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻤﺸﻲ ﻋﻠﻲّ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻨﺎﻳﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜّﻨﻮﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺒﻮﻗﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺠﻮﺭﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒٕﻨﺒٔﺎﺷِﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﺒﺎﺷﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﳉﻴﺶ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻨْﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻨﺖ :ﺍﻟﻮﻟـﺪ ﺍﻷﻧﺜـﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ ،ﺗﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻴﻜﻨﺒﺎﺷﻲ ﻭﺗﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﻧﻮﻧﺎً ،ﲟﻌـﲎ
ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ. ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﺃﺱ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺟﻨﺪﻱ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻨﺎﺕ. ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑٕﻨﺒٔﺎﺷﻴّۤﺔ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺼﻐﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻨﻴّﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜّﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻭﳝﻴﻠـﻮﻥ ﺑٔﻨْﺒٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺩۤﻯ ﺑٔﻨﺒﻖ ﻟﻚ ﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﻛـﻢ
ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ. ﮔﺪﺑۤﺔ ،ﻛﻨّﻲ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻚ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺟﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺬﻳﻊ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻗﺮﻭﻳﻲ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻵﻥ :ﺑِـﺖ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻞ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑَﻨّﻖ(( ﺍﻟﻜﺬﺑـﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﺻـﻨﻌﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﻨﺎﺕ. ﻭﺯﻭّﻗﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑَﺖْ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺮﻳﺖ ﺃﻧﺎ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ))ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ((
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﺑَﻨﺖ ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺑَﺖْ ﻭﺑﻨﺘـﺎٓ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻛﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﳌﻔﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺮﺍﺳـﻞ ﺟﺮﻳـﺪﺓ
ﻭﺑَﺮﺗﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴّﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻨﺘـﺎٓ ﻭﺑﺮﺗـﺎٓ ))ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ(( ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻟﻔﺖ ﻧﻈﺮﻱ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗـﺐ:
ﻳﻠﻔﻈﺎﻥ ﺑَﻨﺘﺎَ ﻭﺑَﺮﺗَﺎ. ))ﻭﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ ﻣﻨﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣـﺪ ﺁﳍـﺔ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ :ﺑﺘﻮ. ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ ﺃﺩﻭﻧﻴﺲ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ((.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﳊﺒﺸﺔ :ﺑِﻨﺖ. ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺳﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﺎﲰﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻻﻗﺮﺃﺎ ،ﻓﻤﻀﻴﺖ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻢ ،ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺇﱃ ﻛﺎﺗﺒﻬﺎ ﺃﺳﺄﻟﻪ:
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻭﻟﻮ ﱂ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ. – ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﻠﻚ ﻣﻨﲔ ﺟﺒﺖ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﺃﺩﻭﻧﻴﺲ؟
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻨﺖ ﺑﻴﺖ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ ﺃـﺎ – )ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺒﻄﺔ( :ﻣﺎﻷﻫﺎﱄ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﺮّﺍﻣۤﺔ
ﻋﺬﺭﺍﺀ(. – ﺇٕﻳﻨﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻫﺪﻭﻝ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﺩﻭﻧﻴﺲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤۤﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﺎ. – ﲣﻨﺘﺎ ﻳﺎﺃﺳﺘﺎﺫ! ﻣﻘﺎﻝ ﻣﻨّﺎ ﻧﻜﺘﺒـﻮ ،ﺑﺘﺮﻳـﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘـﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺖ :ﺃﻛـﻼ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﺎﻑ ،ﻣﻮ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺷﻮّﻳﺔ ﺎﺭﺍﺕ
– ﻳﻌﲏ ﻫﺎﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﺍٕﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺑٔﻨْﺒٔﻘﺘﺎ
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]ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺎﺳﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑْﻨﻔﻘـﻮّﺍ ﺧـﺪﻭﺩﺍ ﺧﺴﺎﺭﻩْ ﻭ ...ﺑﺪّﺍ ﻧﻄﺎﺭﻩْ ،ﺍﻟﺸﺐ ﺑَﻼﺳـﻴﻜﺎﺭﻩْ ﻣﺘـﻞ
ﺑْﻨﻔﻘﻮّﺍ ﺟﺪﻭﺩﺍ )ﺃﻱ ﻧﺴﺒﻬﺎ( ،ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﳊﻴّۤﻪ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺼﲑ ﺧﻴّۤﻪْ. ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺑَﻼ ﺳْﻮﺍﺭﻩْ .ﺍﻹٕﺑﺮۤﺓ ﺑﺈﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺢ ﺑﺈﻳـﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻫـﻞّ ﺗﺸـﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭۤﺱ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺣﻠْﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻘﺎﻕ :ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻳۤﻪ ﺑـﺪﻗّﺎ
ﺑﺘﺮﺟﻊ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ،ﺟﻮّﺯﻧﺎ ﺑﻨﺘﻨﺎ ﺗﻨﻌﺒّﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﻗﻤـﺎﺵ ﻭﺍﳉﺎۤﻳﻪ ﺑﺪﻗّﺎ ،ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﺮﺏ ﻧﺎﺻﺮ )ﻋـﺮﺏ
ﺭﺍﺣۤﺖ ﻭﺟﺎﺑۤﺖ ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ )ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ( ﺑﺒﻼﺵ ،ﺍﳋﻨﻔﺴۤﺔ ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻻﺍﺳﻢ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻨﺘﻪ ﺳـﻔﻴﻬﺔ
ﺷﺎﻓۤﺖ ﺑﻨﺘﺎ ﻋﺎﳊﻴۤﻂ :ﻗﺎﻟﺖ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻟُﻮﻟﻴّۤﺔ ﻭﻣﻀﻤﻮﻣۤﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻬﺘﺮﺓ ﺧﻠﻴﻌﺔ(.
ﲞﻴۤﻂ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﻠﻤۤﺖ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺎﺭ ﺑﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺭ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍٕﺑﻦ ﺍٕﺑﻨَﻚ ﺍٕﻟﻚ ﺍٕﺑﻦ ﺑﻨﺘﻚ ﻷ )ﺃﻭ
ﻫﻢ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺣﻮّﺍ ﺗﻠﺒۤﺲ ﻭﺗﺘﻐﺎﻭﻯ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻋﺎ ﺑﺘﺘﻜﻨّﻰ ﺑﺸـﻌﺮ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ( ،ﺻﺒﺎﺡ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ )ﻭﺳﺦ( ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻴﺎۤﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺎﺕ،
ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﺧﺘﺎ ،ﺑٕﻨﺘَﻚ ﺑٕﺸﻌٔﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻌﺘﺎ ﻭﻛَﻨﺘَﻚ ﺑﺸﻌٔﺔ ﺿﺮﺑﻚ ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒْﺨﻮﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻦ ﲣﻮﺕ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺤﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﻤّﻮ
ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻰ ﻋﻨّﺎ ،ﻳﺎﺃﺭﺍﻣﻞ ﻭﻳﺎﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﻗﻮﻣﻮﺍ ﻋِﻴﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻮﱠﺯﺍﺕ. ﻣﺎﲜﻴﻪ ﺍﻭﻻﺩ ،ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎۤﻝ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺨﺎﻑ ﻣﺎﻟﺮﺟﺎۤﻝ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ
ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺑﺪﻭﻱ :ﭼﻨﺖ ) :ﻛﻨـﺖ( ﻻﺑـﺲ ﺟﻨﺤﺎ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ ،ﺧﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺒَﻨﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤّـﺎﺕ،
ﺍﻟﮕﻄﻨِﻲ )ﺍﻟﮕﻼﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻦ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺧﺮ ﺷﺪّ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻤّﺎ ﺑﺘﻄﻠﻊ ﻟﻌﻘﺼٕﺔ ﺃٕﻣّﺎ ،ﺑﻨـﺖ ﺍﻟـﺪﺍﺭ
ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﺗﻠﺒﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺡ( ﺣَـﺪْﻑ ﺑـﻼ ﻋﻮﺭﺍ ،ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ،ﻣِﻴﺖ ﺑﻨـﺖ
ﺳﺪﻭﺓ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻠﺖ ﺧﻴﻮﻁ ﺳﺪﺍﻩ ﻟِﻘﺪَﻣﻪ( ﻭﺍﳌـﺰﺭﻭﺭ ﻣﻠﻴﺤﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺻﱯ ﻓْﻀﻴﺤﻪ ،ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ ﻭﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺧٕـﺪّۤ
) :ﺍﳊﺬﺍﺀ( ﺑﻼ ﻃﺮﺍﻙ ) :ﻻﻧﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ( ﻭﭼﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺘٕـﺘٓﻦ ): ﺍﻣﲔ ﺑﺒﻼﺵ ،ﻓْﺘﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﮕﲔ ﻭﺣٕﻂ ﺑﻨﺘﻚ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮﺯ
ﻭﻛﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ( ﻣﺘﻞ ﺧﺼﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﳉﺪﻱ ) :ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﻳﺘـﺪﱃ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻝ :ﴰﺲ ﺷْﺒﺎﻁ ﻟﻜﻨﱵ ﻭﴰﺲ ﺁﺩﺍﺭ ﻷﺧﱵ ﻭﴰﺲ
ﳑﺘﻠﺌﺎً( ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﺩ ﻳﺪﮔﻮﻥ ) :ﻳـﺪﻗﺎﻥ( ﻋـﺎﻟﻮﺭﭺ ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﻟﺒﻨﱵ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﰲ ))ﴰﺲ(( ،ﻻﲢﻂ ﺑﻨﺘﻚ ﻋﺎﳊﻴﻄﺎﻥ
)ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮَﺭِﻙ :ﻣﺎﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﺨﺬ( ﻭﺁﱐ ﺃﺩﺑﭻ ):ﺃﺩﺑـﻚ( ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﻫﻲ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ.
ﻭﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻷﻣﲑ ﺗﺪﺣّۤﺞ ﻋﻠـﻲّ ) :ﲢـﺪّﻕ ﰊ( ﻭﺗﺒﺘﺴـﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑٕﻜْـﺮ ﺁﻭﻻﺩﻭ ﺑﻨـﺖ
ﻭﺗﻐﻤﺰﱐ ﺑﻌﻴﻮﻧﺎ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﺓ ،ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻣـﺎﺃﺩﺣّﺞ ،ﺍﻻ ﺑﻄَـﺮﻑ ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﺯﻭﻕ.
ﻋﻴﻮﱐ. ﻭﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﻠَﻚ ﻳﺼﻴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺴـﺎﻥ ﺍﷲ
)ﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﻢ(: ﻭﻗﺖ ﻭﻻﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﱯ :ﺃٕﻧﺘﻪ ﻣﻌﲔ ﻷﺑﻮﻙ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺖ
ﻳﺎﺳﺘﻨﺎ! ﻳﺎﻋﺮﻭﺱ! ﻗﻮﻣﻲ ﻧﺴﲑ ﻓﻴﻜﻲ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﻌﲔ ﺃﺑﻮﻛﻲ.
ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃﺑﻮﻛﻲ ﻭﺃۤﻣّﻚ ﻟَﻌﻼﻟﻴﻜﻲ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎۤﺗﻨۤﺔ ﲞﺎﻃﺒﻮﺍ ﺑﻨﺎﺗﻦ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ
ﻭﻧﺼﺐّ ﻛﺎﺱ ﺍﳍﻨﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪ ﻳﺴﻘﻴﻜﻲ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺑﺴﻤﻮّﻥ ﻗﺪّﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺻﱯ .ﺑﻘﻄﻌـﻮﺍ
ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻭﻳﺪ! ﻣﺎﺿﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻬﺮ ﻓﻴﻜﻲ ﺻﺮّﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﻟﺪ ﻋﺪﻳﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻤّﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣـﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﻛﱪۤﺕ ﻳﺘﺠﻮّﺯﺍ.
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ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺘﻘﺸﻒ ،ﻭﺃﺳﻨﺪ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﻴﺨﺔ ﺧﺎﻧﻘﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ:
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺣﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺎً ،ﻣﺎﺗﺖ ﺱ٩٦٦ﻫ. ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻭﻳﺪ! ﺳﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺰّ ﻣﺮﺑﺎﻛﻲ
ﺑﻨﺖ ﻛﺒٔﺮ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻧﺲ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﱪﺕ. ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩِ ﺣﺒّۤﻚ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻨٕﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﻴّﺎﻛﻲ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻨﺘﻮٓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻨْﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :BENTOﳛﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﺣﻠﻒ ﻋﺮﻳﺴۤﻚ ﺑﺮﺑّﻮ ﺃٕﻧّﻮ ﻳﻠﻘﺎﻛﻲ
ﺎ ﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ VINTGT :ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﻠـﲑﺓ ﻭﳌّﺎ ﺷﺎﻓۤﻚ ﺻٔﺮٔﺥ :ﺍﷲ! ﻣﺎﭐﺣﻼﻛﻲ!
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﺎﺓ ﺑﺎﭘﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺗﻌـﺪﻝ ٢۰ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﻓﺮﻧﻜﺎً. ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﭽﻠﺒﻴّﺔ ﻋﻴﻮﻧﺎ ﻟﻮﺯﻳّﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻨﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔَ :ﭘـﻨْﺞ :ﺍﳋﻤﺴـﺔ، ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻳﺎﺑﻨﺖ! ﻭﻳﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﲪﺎﻣۤﻚ ﻃﺎﺭ!
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻻﻋﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ :ﺑﻨﺞ ﻭﻳَﻚ ،ﺑﻨﺞ ﻭﺩﻭ ،ﺑـﻨﺞ ﻃﺎﺭ ﻭﻋﻠّﻰ ﻋﺴﻄﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ
ﻭﺳۤﻰ ،ﺑﻨﺞ ﻭﺟﻬﺎﺭ )ﺃﻭ ﺑۤﺶ ﺩﻭﺭﺕ( ﻭﺩﻭﺑﻴﺶ. ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﻳﺎﻭﻳۤﻠﻲ ﻭﻳۤﻠﻲ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﻨﺎﺕ
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻻﻋﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﺪﻭٓﻣﻴﻨﻮ. ﺷﻠّﺤﻮﱐ ﻋﺒﺎﰐ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺒﻨﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻄﻴﻒ :ﺑﻨّﻮﺝ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻟﻮﻥ ﺑﻨـﺖ،
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﺪﺭ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺘﻨﺪﺭ ﰲ ﺑﻨﺞ ﻭﺳۤﻰ: ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﺑﻨﺖ.
ﻣﻨﺠﻮﺳﺔ. ﺑﻨﺖ ﺑۤﻴﺖ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺭﺍﺀ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻨﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻨْﺞْ ﺃﻭ ﺑَﻨْﻚ :ﺍﳌﺨﺪﱢﺭ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻮﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺴﻜﺮﻳﺘﻴﺔ. ﺑﻨﺖ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ :ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺸَﻴْﻜﺮَﺍﻥ ،ﺫﻛـﺮﻩ ﺍﺑـﻦ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺎﺭ ﻭﺩﺍﻭﺩ. ﺑﻨﺖ ﺣﻮّﺍ :ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺑـﻦ
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺞ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺑﻨّﺞ. ﺁﺩﻡ.
ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺞ :ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﺣﻮّﺍ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺞ ،ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻫﻢ[ :ﻫَﻢّ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺣﻮّﺍ ﺗﻠﺒﺲ ﻭﺗﺘﻐﺎﻭ ﻯ.
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ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻣٔﻨْـﺪۤﺑﻮﺭ :ﺍﻟﻜﺴـﻼﻥ ،ﺍﻟﻮَﻏـﺪ ،ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﻨْﺪ :ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ،ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺑْﻨـﻮﺩ،
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﺩَﻧْﺪ(( :ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺟﺰ ،ﺍﳌﺴـﺘﻌﻄﻲ ،ﺍﳌﺴـﻜﲔ، ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻟﻠﺺ ،ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭﻳﺶ ،ﻭ))ﺑُﻮﺭ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻻﺧﲑ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ، –ً ١ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ :ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﺑﺘﺤﻮﻱ ﲬﺲ ﺑﻨﻮﺩ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻﺗﺼﻠﺢ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ،ﻭﻳﻠﺤﻘﻮـﺎ ﻳـﺎﺀ ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻌﺮﻓﻮ ﻗـﺎﻟۤﻊ ﺭﺍۤﻗـﻢ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺘﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ. ﻭﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺩﻣﻌﺔ ،ﺑٕﺪﺧﻞ ﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ ﲪﻮٓ ﺑﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌﻀـﻬﻢ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻬـﺎ )ﺍﻟﻘَﻨـﺪَﺑُﻮﺭﻱ(، ﻃﻮﻝ ﺻﻮﺗﻮ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﻭٓﻥ ﺳﻜﺰﳒﻲ ﺑَﻨْﺪ )ﻫﻴﻚ ﻭﻫﻴﻚ(
ﻭﻳﺘﻔﻠﺴﻒ ﻓﻴﺰﻋﻢ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻦّ ﺍﻟﺪﺑّﻮﺭ ﺃﻱ :ﻋﺶ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺒﺎﺭ ﰲ ﳊﺎﻛﻦ ﺟﺮﺩ.
ﺍﳋﺎﱄ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺧﲑ. –ً ٢ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺴۤﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻄﺎﻧۤﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺮﺑﻂ ﺎ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ
ﻭﻳﺘﻔﻠﺴﻒ ﻏﲑﻩ ﺯﺍﻋﻤﺎً ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺩﺑﺎﺭ :ﺇﺩﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ.
ﺍﳋﲑ. –ً ٣ﺍﻟﻔَﻘﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﻔﺼﻞ :ﺿﺮﺑﻮٓ ﺻﻮﺍﺏ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻨﺪﺭ :ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﻣﺮﺳﻰ ﺍﻟﺴـﻔﻦ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻴﻨـﺎﺀ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑَﻨْﺪ ﺭﻗﺒﺘﻮ ﺧﻼّﻩ ﻳﺼﻔﺮۤﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ،ﻣﻘﺮّ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭ .ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﺮﻛﺰ –ً ٤ﺍﳌﻜﺮ ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﳋﺪﻋـﺔ :ﺗَـﻢّ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ. ﺳﻜﻮﺗﻚ ﺑﻨﻮﺩﻙ ﻛٕﻼّ ﻣﻨﻌﺮﻓﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺒﻨﺪﺭ. ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﱐ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺆﺋﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻫـﻮ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻨْﺪَﺭٔﺓ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻭﻫﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺎﻥ: ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ،ﺗﻔﺮﻋﺖ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﺎﺯ ،ﻭﻫـﺬﺍ
–ً ١ﺑﻨﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ –ً ٢.ﺑﻨﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ،ﻭﳘﺎ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺪﻟﻮﻝ ))ﺑﻨﺪ(( ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ.
ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺘﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺪ ﻣﻦ ﳐﻔﺮ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻭﻧﺮﻯ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺃﻋﲏ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﻳﺘﺠﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ ﺣﱴ ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ :ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴـﻮﻕ ﺍﳌﺴـﻤﻰ ﰲ ﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ:
ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺪﺭﺓ ،ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ،ﺃﳊﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ –ً ١ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻨْﺪ.
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﺭﺗﲔ ﺇﳌﺎﻋﺎً ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ *....ﻣﻦ ﻳﻬﻮﺩ ﺃﺟﺎﻧـﺐ –ً ٢ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﺑَﻨْﺪ.
ﳚﻠﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻣـﻦ ﺇﺳـﻼﻡ –ً ٣ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻨﺪﺍٓ.
ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻭﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﻳﻮﺯﻋﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﱪّ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻭﺧﺎﻧـﺎﺕ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻨْﺪﺍَ.
ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻗﻴﺴﺮﻳﺎﺎ ﻭﺃﺳﻮﺍﻗﻬﺎ ﻛﻌﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﺭ ﺗﺴﲑﻫﺎ –ً ٤ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺴﻜﺮﻳﺘﻴﺔ )ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ( :ﺑَﻨْﺪ.
ﻗﺎﻃﺮﺓ ﻫﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﳊﻴﲔ. –ً ٥ﰲ ﺍﳉﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ.BAND :
ﺑَﻨْﺪﻕ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃٕﻣﻮ ﺑﻨـﺪﻗۤﺖ ﻓﻴـﻪ – ﺍﷲُ –ً ٦ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.BANDE :
ﻋﻠﻴﻢ– ﻷﻧﻮ ﺍﻟﺒَﻨﺪﻗﺔ ﺍٕﻻ ﻋﻼﻳۤـﻢ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺒﻨـﺪۤﻕ ﲜﻴـﺐ –ً ٧ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ BANDE :ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﺍﳌﺒﻨﺪٔﻕ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﻕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻨﺪﻕ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻨﺪَﺑﻮﺭِﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻧﺪﺑﻮﺭِﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﺪﺑﻮﺭﻱ:
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ :ﺗﺒﻨﺪﻕ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺒٓﻖ ﺑﻴﺎﻛٓﻞ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﻛـﻞ
ﺑٕﻨﺪٓﻕ. ﻣﺎﺷﺬ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺧﺴّۤـﺔ ﻣﺒﻨﺪﻗـﺔ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﳊﺐ ﺑﻼ ﺃﻣﻞ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻕ ﻭﺑﻘﻠﺔ ﻣﺒﻨﺪﻗﺔ ،ﻭﳌﺒﺔ ﻣﺒﻨﺪﻗﺔ ،ﺃﻱ ﻛُﺴِـﺮﺕ ﻗﺎﻋـﺪﺎ
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺿﻲ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﻛﻼﻣﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺿﻲ. ﻭﺭﻛﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺎ ،ﻭﻃٕﻠٕـﻊ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺩﻧّﺎﻕ ﺩٕﻧﺪٓﻕ ﺩٕﻧﺪٓﻕ ﻳﻄﻌﻤﻮﻙ ﻟﻮ ﺑﺮﻗﺒﺘﻮ ﺣﺒﺎﻳۤﺔ ﻭﺑﻨﺪﻗﺖ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﻋـﻦ
ﻗﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪٓﻕ. ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﻛﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﺷـﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺐ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺍﻧﺼﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﲔ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﻨﺪﻗﺔ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻗﻄﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﳐﺘﻠـﻒ
ﻳﺘﺒﺨﺮ ﻭﻳﻨﻘﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺗﺒﺨﲑﻭٓ :ﺣﻨﺪٓﻕ ﺑﻨﺪٓﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴۤﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺍﳌﺎﺭﻛﺎﺕ ،ﻛﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺷﺎﻓﺘﻚ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺻﻠۤﺖ ﻋﺎﻟﻨﱯ ﺗْﻄﻖ ﻭﲤﺮٓﻕ )ﺗﻠﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ(. ﺍﻟﺒٕﻨﺪٓﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺒُﻨْﺪُﻕ :ﺣـﺐ ﺷـﺠﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻨﺪﻕ ﻳﺎﺃﺧﻀﺮ ﻳﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﻳﺎﻣﻘﺸّﺮ ﺍﳉِﻠّﻮﺯ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺸﺒﻬﻪ ،ﻳُﺘﻨﻘّﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻟﻠﻮﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺴـﺘﻖ ،ﻋـﻦ
ﺑٕﻤﺸﻲ ﻭﺑﺘﺒﺨﺘﺮ ﺑﻴّﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪٓﻕ. ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺩﺭﻳﺪ :ﻓٔﻨْﺪُﻕ ،ﺃﻭ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ. PONDIKAﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﳑﻠﻜﺔ ﺑُﻨْﻄُﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ :ﰲ
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ٢٤ﺹ ٥۰٨ﻭﺱ ٢٧ﺹ.٥٨ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻨْﺪَﻗٔﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺑﻨﺪﻕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺟﺎً ﻟﻪ ﺁﺳـﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼـﻐﺮﻯ ﰒ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻨﺪﻗﻴّﺔ :ﰲ ﺇﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ،VENEZIAﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﱄ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ VÉNÉTIE :ﻣﻦ BENEDICTTAﲟﻌﲎ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﻠﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻼﺩﻫﻢ
ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺳﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺒﺎﺭﻛﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺣﺮﻓﻮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﲔ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺇﻧﻜﻠﺘﺮﺍ.
ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ :ﻭﻧﺪﻳﻚ. ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻕ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ.
ﻭﺍﻷﺭﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ :ﺑۤﻨۤﺪﻳﻚ. ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺩﻫﻦ ﻛﺪﻫﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺯ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻨﺪﻕ ﻭﺗﺒﻨﺪﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﻕ. ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺑﻨﺪﻗﺔ ﻭﺑﻨﺪﻗﺎﻱ ﻭﺑﻨﺪﻗﺎﻳۤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ:
ﰲ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴـﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﺟ ۲ﺹ٣۰ ﺑﻨﺪﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﻨﺪﻗﺎﻳﺎﺕ.
ﺳﻨﺔ١٧٥۰ ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ :ﻓِﻨـﺪِﻕ ﺃﻭ ﻓِﻨـﺪﻭﻕ ﺃﻭ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ )ﺃﻱ :ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ( ﺃﺭﺑﻌـﻮﻥ ﳏـﻼً ﻓﻮﻧﺪﻭﻕ.
ﻟﻠﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺩﻗﺔ ﻭ ١٨ﺃﻭ ٢۰ﻟﻠﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﻧﺴﻴﲔ ،ﺍﺛﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓۤﻨْﺪْﻗﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓۤﻨْﺪْﻗٔﺎ.
ﺃﻭ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻟﻺﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻨْﺪﻛﺎٓ.
ﺍﻟﺒُﻨْﺪُﻗِﻴّﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻱ ﻟﻠﺴﻼﺡ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﻓﻮﻧﺪَﻕ ﻭﻓۤﻨﺪَﻕ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻱ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ ،ﻋﺮﺑـﻮﺍ
ﺎ ﻛﻠﻤـﺔ ))ﻣﺮﺗﻴﻨﺔ(( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻓﺼﺎﻏﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺴـﻮﺑـﺔ
ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻨــﺪﻕ ﺫﻟــﻚ ﺍﻟﺴـﻼﺡ ﺍﳊـﺮﰊ
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ﰲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻓِﺞّ ،ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﲔ ﺍﻔﻒ ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﺸـﺒﻪ ﲦـﺮ
ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ POMO D'AMORE :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻴﻜﻲ. ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻕ.
ﻭﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ))ﺑﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ(( ﻋﺮﺏ ﻋﱰﺓ ﻓﻘـﺎﻟﻮﺍ: ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻏَﺪﻭﻏﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻕ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻨﮕﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻤﺎﻃﻢ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﲰـﻪ ﰲ ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ :ﺍﳌﻜﺤﻠﺔ.
ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻴﻚ TOMALTE :ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺗﻔﺎﺡ ﺍﶈﺒّﺔ. ﻭﳐﺘﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﺣـﺮﰊ ﻓﺮﻧﺴـﻲ ﰲ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.TOMATO : ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ.١٧
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴــــــــﻴﺔ TOMATE :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﻨْﺪَﻙ :ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻗﺮﻯ ﴰﺎﱄ ﺣﻠـﺐ
POMMED'AMOURﻭﻣﻮﻃﻨﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻴﻚ ،ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸَﻞّ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻨْﺪ :ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻛـﺎﻑ
ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ. ﻛﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﭘﺎ. ﺑَﻨﺪَﻩ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻬـﺪ
ﻭﻟﻘﺒﻬﺎ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﺭﺳﻴﻠﻴﺔ :ﺗﻔﺎﺡ ﺍﳊﺐ. ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ ))ﺑﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﺰ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﻋﺒﺪﻛﻢ .ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋـﻦ
ﻭﻳﺄﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻧﺘﺸـﺮﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻨْﺪَﻩ :ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ.
ﺭﺑﻮﻋﻬﻢ ﻣﻊ ﻧﺸﻴﺪ ﺍﳌﺎﺭﺳﻴﻠﻴﻴﺰ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻨَﺪﻭٓﺭٔﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﻨَﺪﻭٓﺭﺍ :ﻭﺭﲰﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﻟﺴﺎﻥ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﰲ ﻧﻘﻠـﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻘـﺪﱘ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ –ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ :ﺑﻨﺎﺩﻭﺭَﻯ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﳒﻲ ﺃﻳﻀًﺎ
ﻟﻠﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﲔ ،ﻭﲰﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﲰﻪ ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻴﻜﻲ.POMALTE : ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻀﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺫﳒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﲦﺮﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺒﺔ :ﺱ ٣ﺹ.٤٦٩ ﻳﻨﻀﺞ ﺃﲪﺮ.
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ١٣ﺹ.١٣٧ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺑَﻨَﺪﻭﺭﺍﻱ ﻭﺑَﻨَﺪﻭﺭﺍﻳۤـﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴّﺎﻋﻬﺎ :ﺗْﺮﻭﺣﻲ ﻓﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺍﻳﺎﺕ.
ﻳﺎ ﺑﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ! )ﻛﺄﳕﺎ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭﺯﺭﻋﺘﻪ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٢٧٨ﻫ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ :ﺗﺮﻭ ﻓٔﻘﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺾ(. ﻭﻋﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻛﻠﻪ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ ﺧﺸـﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺻﺤﺒﺔ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘـﻞ ﻳﺴﺒﺐ ﻣﺮﺿﺎً ،ﰒ ﺃﻛﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺳﻠﻄﺔً ،ﰒ ﺃﻗﺒﻠﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻔﺴﺔ )ﺃﻱ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ﻣﻠﺰﻭﺯﻭﻥ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻳﺘـﻬﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﺇﻗﺒﺎﻻً ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺎً.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻖ(. ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﻏﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻴﺘﺎﻣﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻠﻔﻬﺎ ﻧﺎﺭ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺯﻋﻤﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌـﺾ ﻧﺴـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺦ.
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺗﺘﺤﺠﺐ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﳒﻲ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ. ﻓﺘﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﰲ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﳌﺴﻘّﻌﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺍﲣـﺬﻭﺍ ﻣﻨـﻪ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﺮﳒﻰ. ﺍﳌﺴﻘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺤﻤﺔ ﺑـﺎﻟﻔﺮﻥ ﻣـﻊ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻨﺪﻭﻕ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺑﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻭﻟـﻮﻻ ﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻀﺎﺭ ،ﻭﺍﲣﺬﻭﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﺎً ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺠّـﺔ،
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻤۤـﻞ ﻫـﺎﻟﺒﻨﻮﺩ ﻓﻴﻨَـﺎ .ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺑﻌﺠﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺘﺎﰊ ،ﻭﺍﲣـﺬﻭﺍ
ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﻕ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻡ ،ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻠــﻮﻝ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ،ﻭﺷﻮﻭﻩ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺍﳌﺸﻮﻱ ﻭ...
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺪﻗﻴـﺔ ﰲ ﺇﻳﻄﺎﻟـﻴﺔ ،ﺇﺫ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﲡﺎﺭﻫـﺎ POMAD'ORA ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﱄ:
ﺃﻭ POMI–D'OROﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﻔـﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺬﻫـﺐ ،ﺭﺍﻋــﻮﺍ
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PENDULEﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ :PENDULUS :ﺛﻘـﻞ ﻣﻌﻠـﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻭﺛﻴﻖ ﲝﻠﺐ ﻳﱰﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺧـﺎﻢ :ﺧـﺎﻥ
ﲜﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﻳﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﳝﻨﺔ ﻭﻳﺴـﺮﺓ ﻓﻴﺤـﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺩﻗﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴـﻮﻥ ﺍﶈـﺎﻓﻈﻮﻥ ﺫﻭﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﺎﺀ
ﻭﻳﻨﻈﻢ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﺏ ،ﺃﻭ ﺛﻘـﻞ ﺛﺎﺑـﺖ ﻳـﺆﺛﺮ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺠﺒﺎﺕ ﻳﺮﻭﻥ ﻧﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﲔ ﺳﺎﻓﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻴﺤﻜﻤﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝ ،ﻭﻳﻨﻮﺏ ﻋﻨـﻪ ﰲ ﺑﻌﻘﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺼﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻮﺭ ﻳﺴﺒّﺐ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ ،ﺇﺫﻥ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ﺭﻗّﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ. ﻓﺎﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﻮﻥ ﺃﻭﻻﺩ ﺯﻧﺎ ﻣﺎﻣﻦ ﺭﻳـﺐ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ،
ﻭﺿﻌﻮﺍ ﻟﻪ :ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺑﺾ ﻭﺍﳌﺬﺑﺬَﺏ ،ﻭﺃﳘﻼ ﻭﺑﻘـﻲ ﻭﺻﺎﻏﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻠﻮﻝ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺑﻦ
ﺍﻟﺮﻗّﺎﺹ. ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻡ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً ،ﻓﺨﺮﺟﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻻﻟـﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺑَﻨْﺪِﻱ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﲨﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪﺓ)) :ﻋـﻢ ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺪﻟﻮﳍﺎ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻧـﺎ
ﺑٕﺤﻜﻲ ﺷَﻨﺪِﻱ ﺑَﻨﺪِﻱ(( ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﳜﻠّﻂ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻣـﻪ، ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻖ.
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ)) :ﺷﻮﻧﺪٔﻥ ﺑﻮﻧﺪٔﻥ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ.
ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﺎ. ﻭﺻﺪﺭﺕ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻨﺪﻳۤﺮﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :BANDIERA :ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻳـﺔ، ﲡﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺪﻟﻮﻝ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ،ﻭﻣﺪﻟﻮﻝ ﺁﺧـﺮ
ﺍﻟﻌَﻠَﻢ. ﻳﻼﺯﻣﻪ :ﺫﻟﻚ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻃﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﻫﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻛﻲ ،ﻭﺳـﺎﺭ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ BANDERA :ﺃﻭ .BANDIRA ﺍﳌﺪﻟﻮﻝ ﻭﻻﺯﻣﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺣﱴ ﻣﺼـﺮ ﺑـﻞ ﺣـﱴ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻨْﺰِﻳﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ :BENZINE :ﺳـﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻷﻧﺪﻟﺲ.
ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻳﻘﻄّﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭﻝ. ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( ﺍﻟﺒَﻨـﺪﻭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒَـﺪّﻭﻕ:
ﻭ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻛﺴﺮ ﺑﺎﺀﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻲّ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺐ .ﻭﻫﻮ ﺩﺧﻴﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٨٨ﺹ.٢٨٨ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺑﻨﺪﻕ ﻭﺗﺒﻨﺪﻕ.
ﺍﻟﺒۤﻨۤﺴﻠِﲔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮۤ :ﭘﻨﻴۤﺴﻴﻠﲔ. ـﺎﺩﻳﻖ
ـﻘﻴﲔ ))ﺑﻨـ
ـﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺸـ ـﺐ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴـ ﻭﻟﻘـ
ﺑٕﻨّۤﺶْ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠـﺐ[ ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟـﺐ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺭﻟﻨﻚ(( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺭﻟﻨﻚ – ﻷﻧـﻪ ﺃﺑـﺎﺡ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨـﺔ
ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑۤﻦ ﻧٓﺶ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺮﻯ ﳓﻦ ،ﺃﻭ ﻭﻧﺴﺎﺀﻫﺎ ﳉﻨﺪﻩ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺎ. ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺻﻮﺍﺑﺎً ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺭﻓﺎﺋﻴﻞ
ﺑٔﻨْﻀٔﺎ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﻟﺰﳌﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﲑ ﺑﺰﻣﺎﻧﻮ ﳔﻠﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﻕ :ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑٓﺪۤﻕ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺷِـﻲ.
ﺻٔﻨْﻀٔﺎﺑٔﻨْﻀٔﺎ ،ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻌﺪ ))ﺻٔﻨْﻀٔﺎ(( ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ :ﺍﻟﻮﺷﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻡ.
ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻧﺮﻯ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ)) :ﺳَﻨْﺪَﻩ ﺑَﻨْﺪَﻩ(( ﲟﻌﲎ: ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺣﻠﺐ ))ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺩﻗﺔ(( ﻷﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ
))ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ(( ﺃﻱ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﺟﺮﺍً ﻛﺒﲑﺍً ﻟﻪ ﺩﻓﺎﺗﺮ ﺩﻭﺑﻴﺎ ﻣﱰﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﲔ ،ﻭﳛﺘﻤﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ
ﲢﺖ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ))ﻣﻦ(( ﻭ))ﺇﱃ(( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺻﻨﻀٔﺎ. ﺭﻫﺒﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺪﻳﻜﺘﻴﲔ ،ﺃﺳﺴـﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻫـﺐ ﺍﻹﻳﻄـﺎﱄ
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻨْﻂ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒٕﻨﺘﻮ. ﺑﻨﺪﻳﻜﺘﻮﺱ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺭﻙ ،ﻳﺆﻧﺲ ﺬﺍ ﺃﻥ ﰲ ﺍﳋﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﻛﻨﻴﺴﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﻔﺪﺍ :ﺹ.۲١۰
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻨﺪﻕ ﻭﺗﺒﻨﺪﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻨﺪٓﻭﻝ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻨﻀﻮٓﻝ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:
١٨١
ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ ﳎﻤﻊ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ :ﺍﻟﺴِﺮﻭﺍﻟﺔ .ﻭﻛـﻞ ﺍﻟﺒٕﻨْﻂ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻧﻂ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـﺔ :PUNTO
ﻣﺎ ﻭﺿﻊ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ. ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﲰﻮﻩ ))ﺇﺯﺍﺭﭘﺎ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺇﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺮِﺟْﻞ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻳﺖ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﻳﺎﻧﺼﻴﺐ ﻓﺮﻗـﺖ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ١٨ﻋﺪﺩ ٢ﺹ : ٤٥ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻣﻌﻲ ﺑٕﻨْﻂ.
ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﻨْﻄٔﻠﻮٓﻥ :ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﭙﺎﻧﻄـﺎﻟﻮﻥ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺷﻲ ﺃ ٕﻟﻮ ﺃ ٕﺟﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﳊﺎﻟﻮ ﻣـﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻄْﺮﻭٓﻥ :ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﺃﺳﻔﻞ
ﲟﺸﻲ ) :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ(. ﺍﳉﺴﻢ ﻟﻪ ﺳﺎﻗﺎﻥ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺮﺟﻼﺕ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻳﻮﺳـﻒ ﲰﻲ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﳑﺜﻞ ﺑﻨﺪﻗﻲ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺑﺎﺭﻳﺰ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻟﻮﻳﺲ ١٣
)ﺃﺻﻠﻪ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﻷ ٕﻣﻮ :ﺍﺷـﺘﺮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﻄﻠـﻮﻥ ﺍﲰﻪ ،PANTALONIﺟﺎﺀﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﺗﺪﻳﺎً ﺯﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺮﺩﺍﺀ
ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻃﻠﻊ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ،ﻗﺼّﻲ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺷﱪ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺷـﻮﻱ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻭﲢﺘﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺍﻝ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻫـﻞ ﻓﺮﻧﺴـﺎ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﳊﺎﻟﻮ :ﺃﻣﻲ ﻣﺮﺍ ﻛﺒﲑۤﺓ ﻟﻴﺶ ﺃﻋـﺪّﺑﺎ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺃﻗـﻮﻝ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﺑﲔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺮﻯ ﺭﺳﻮﻣﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﻬـﺪ،
ﻷﺧﱵ ،ﻭﺭﺍﺡ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻷﺧﺘﻮ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺷﻮﻱ ﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﻓﺴﻤﻮﺍ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺍﻝ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻻﺑﺴـﻪ
ﳊﺎﻟﻮ :ﻭﺍﷲ ﺍﳊﻖ ﻻﺯۤﻡ ﺃﻛﻠّۤﻒ ﻣﺮﰐ ،ﻭﺭﺍ ﻛﻠّﻔﺎ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺎ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ.PANTALON :
ﳌﺎ ﻟﺒﺴﻮﺍ ﺷﺎﻓﻮ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﺗﻠﺖ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﺭ(. ﻭﰲ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ :ﺱ ٢٣ﺹ :٦٨٤ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺟﺢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﲰـﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻋٕﺠۤﺰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺮﺓ ﻭﻻۤﺩﺓ ﻣﺄﺧﻮﺫ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨـﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻟﻘـﺪﻳﺲ
ﻛﻠﺒﺘﻮ ،ﻭﺭﺍﺡ ﻭﻟﺒّﺴﺎ ﺑﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﻛٕﻞ ﻣﺪﺓ ﻳﺘﺸﻘﺸﻖ ﺑﺎﻧﺘﺎﻟﻴﻮﱐ.
ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ ﻭﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻻ ﻏﲑﻭ ﻭﻏﲑﻭ ﻭﻏﲑﻭ ،ﺃﺧـﲑﺍً ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺇﺳﻜﻨﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﻌﻠـﻮﻑ ﰲ ))ﳎﻠـﺔ
ﺭﺍﻗﺒﺎ ﻟﻴﺸﻮﻑ ﻣﻨﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺸﻘﺸﻘﻦ ،ﻭﻋـﺮﻑ ﺃﻧٕـﻮ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ(( ﺱ ٣ﻋﺪﺩ ١ﺹ :٣٨ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺲ ﺑﻨﻄﻠﻮﱐ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻪ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺒۤﺔ ﺫﺍﺗﺎ. ﻓﻨﺴﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻄﻮﻓۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PANTOUFLE :ﺍﳊﺬﺍﺀ ﻭﲦﺔ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PANTﺍﻟﻠﺒـﺎﺱ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟّﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﲑ ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ،ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳉـﻮﺥ ﻭ :A'LONGﻟﻠﻄﻮﻝ.
ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﺀ :ﺱ ٧ﺹ.٦٢٤
ﻭﺿﻌﻮﺍ ﻟﻪ :ﺍﻟﻘَﻔْﺶ ﻭﺍﻟﮕـﻮﺙ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺘـﺎﻥ ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺩ ﺳﻨﺔ
ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺐ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﻫﻲ ))ﻛﻔْﺶ((. ١٧٨٩ﰒ ﻋﻢ.
ﻭﰲ ))ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ(( ﺍﻟﻘَﻔﺶ :ﺧﻒّ ﻗُﻄِـﻊ ﻭﱂ ﻭﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻄﻠﻮﻧﺎﺕ ،ﻭﲰﻌﺖ
ﻳُﺤﻜَﻢ ،ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ﻛَﻔﺶ. ﰲ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﳚﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﻃﻠﲔ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻄﻮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻄﻮﻓﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺳُﻤِﻊ ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻼً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺑﻌـﺾ
ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﻃﻴﻒ ﰲ ﺳﻮﻕ ))ﺣﺠّﻲ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ((. ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﲔ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻨﻄﺎﻝ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﺣـﺪ ﺍﻷﻭﺯﺍﻥ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
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ﻭﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻮﻙ ﺗﻌﻄﻠـﺖ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻷﺧـﲑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒَﻨَﻔﺴﺞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻨَﻔْﺸَـﻪ:
ﻧﺎﭘﻮﱄ. ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻳﺎﺣﲔ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻴﻊ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﺄﺳﺴﺖ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻲ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٣۰٧ﻫـ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ))ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ(( ﻭﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨـﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺟ١١
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]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﺮﺍ :ﺑٕﻌﺮٔﻯ ﺷﻔﺖ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻨّﻲ ﻻﺗﺎﻛﻠﲏ )ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ( :ﻗﺎﻝ
ﻭﺑٕﻜﺘﺴِﻲ. ﻟٓﻮ ﺍﻟﻔُﺮﺍﰐ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﻫﻮﻥ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻛﻼﻣﻲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺯﻏﺮ ﻣﻨّﻲ.
ﺑَﲏ ﻟٓﻮﻟٓﻮ :ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳـﺮﺩﺩﻭﻥ ﰲ ﻭﰲ ))ﺑﻐﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﲔ(( ﻷﲪﺪ ﺑﻚ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻨّﻲ:
ﻏﻨﺎﺋﻬﻢ :ﻟٓﻮ ﻟٓﻮ ﻟٓﻮ.... ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺑﻴﻂ ﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻔﻈـﺔ ﻣﺼـﺮﻳﺔ
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮ ))ﻳﺎﻟﻴﻞ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻨﭙﻨّﻮ(( ﺑﺎﳌﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ ))ﻳﺎﻟﻴﻞ((. ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( :ﺍﻟﺒﻨّﻲ ﻛﻘُﻤّﻲ :ﺿـﺮﺏ ﻣـﻦ
ﺑَﲏ ﻫْﻼﻝ :ﻳﺮﺩ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺒـﺪﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻚ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻓﺨﺮ ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ ،ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﰲ
ﲟﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ))ﺳﲑﺓ ﺑﲏ ﻫﻼﻝ(( ﻭ ))ﺗﻐﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﺑـﲏ ﻫـﻼﻝ((، ﺍﻟﻨﻴﻞ.
ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ – ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ. ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻳﺴﻲ ﰲ ﻭﺻﻒ ﺃﲰﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﻞ :ﻭﻓﻴﻪ
ﻭﺑﻨﻮ ﻫﻼﻝ :ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﳒﺪ ﻫﺠﺮ ﺭﻫﻂ ﻣﻨـﻬﻢ ﲰﻚ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒُﻨّﻲ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻛـﺒﲑ ﻋﺠﻴـﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﻌـﻢ
ﳒﺪﺍً ﺇﺛﺮ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻗﺎﺣﻠﺔ ﻭﻣﻀﻮﺍ ﻳﻐﲑﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻘﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻴﺐ.
ﻻﻳﺒﻘﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻲﺀ ،ﻭﻃﺎﻝ ﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﲑ ﺣﱴ ﺑﻠﻐﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﻭ ))ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ(( ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺑﻌﻀـﺎً
ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻱ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ ،ﻓﻀﺞّ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺫﻋﺮﻭﺍ ﻭﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳـﺰ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ.
ﺑﺎﷲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻃﻤﻲ ﺑﻄﺮﺩﻫﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻴﺪ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﻭﰲ ﺧﻼﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻨﺼﺮ ﺛﺎﺭﺕ ﺑـﻼﺩ ﺍﳌﻐـﺮﺏ ﻳﺎﺑﻮ ﺟﺎﻛﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻨّﻲ ﺩﺭﻳﺖ ﺍﻧّﻚ ﺯﻋﻼﻥ ﻣﻨّﻲ
ﻓﺎﻫﺘﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﻠﺺ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ،ﻓﺄﻏﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺃﻋﻄـﻰ ﺣﺎﺟۤﺔ ﺗﻐﻤﺰﱐ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻚ ﻏﻤﺰ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﲜﻨﲏ
ﻟﻜﻞ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻳﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻤﻠﺔ ﺑﻌـﲑﺍً ﻭﺩﻳﻨـﺎﺭﻳﻦ، ﺑَﻨِﻲ ﺁﺩﻡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲨﻊ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ
ﻭﺟﻬﺰﺕ ﺍﳊﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫﻢ ،ﻭﺍﺟﺘﺎﺯﺕ ﻣﺼـﺮ ﺇﱃ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ –
ﺑﺮﻗﺔ ﻓﺘﻮﻧﺲ ﻻ ﳝﺮﻭﻥ ﺑﺄﺭﺽ ﺇﻻ ﺯﺭﻋﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴـﻠﺐ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺭﲟﺎ ،ﳑﻜﻦ ،ﻛﻘـﻮﳍﻢ:
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺘﻞ ﻭﺍﳍﻮﻝ. ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺎﺑﺸﻐّﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺼﺮﻳّﺎﰐ ﰲ ﺷﻐﻠۤﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ،ﺑـﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ
ﰒ ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺒﻘـﻰ ﻣﻨـﻬﻢ ﰲ ﻣﺼـﺮ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻕ ﺍﶈﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻭ....
ﻳﺴﺘﺪﻋﻮﻢ ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﲟﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺷﺪّ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﻨﻌﻬﻢ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ))ﺑﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ(( :ﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﺮﺿﺔ ﻷﻥ ﻳﻄﺮﺃ
ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺮﺓ. ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺴﺒﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﺘﻔﻮﻥ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﺍ:
ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﻳﺪ ﺍﳍﻼﱄ ﻭﺩﻳﺎﺏ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﱎ. ﺑﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ(.
ﻭﻗﺼﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﺳﲑﻢ ﻻ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻓﻨﻴﺔ ﳍﻤﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺃٕﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺟﺤﺶ ﺇﻻ ﺑﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ.
ﻭﺃﻇﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺳﺨﻂ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺏ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻧﺼّﻮ ﺧٕﻠﻘٔﻪ ﻭﻧﺼّـﻮ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﺒﺒﻪ ﺍﻷﻋﻈﻢ ﻓﻈﺎﺋﻊ ﺑﲏ ﻫﻼﻝ. ﺧٕﺮﻗٔﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ :ﺱ ٢۰ﺹ.٣۰٦ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﺯﻳﻨۤﺔ ﻟﺒﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ ،ﺑـﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ
ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٥١ﺹ.٤۰٣ ﻳﺎﻣﺴﻠﱠﻒ ﻳﺎﻣﻮﻋﻮﺩ.
ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻳﺰﻋﻢ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺣﻲ ﺍﳌﻐﺎﻳﺮ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃﻢ ﻣﻦ
ﺳﻼﻟﺔ ﺑﲏ ﻫﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻫﺎﺟﺮﻭﺍ ﻣـﻦ ﳒـﺪ ﻭﻧﺰﻟـﻮﺍ
ﻓـﻲ ﺣﻠـﺐ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺳﺒـﺐ ﺍﳓـﺮﺍﻑ ﳍﺠﺘﻬـﻢ
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ﻏﲑﻫﺎ: ﻋﻤﻦ ﺳﻮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ.
ﻋﺎﻟﺒُﻨﻴّﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻨﻴّﺔ ﻳﺎﺣﻼﻭﺓ ﺳﻜﺮﻳّﺔ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳌﻐﺎﻳﺮ.
)ﺿﻤﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ(. ﺑﻨﻴﺎﻣﲔ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﺒﻌﺪ ﲬﺴﺔ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﻏـﺮﺏ
ﺑٔﻪْ :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻳﺒﺪﻩ ﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺭﻓﻘﺎﺀَﻫﻢ ﺣﲔ ﻳﻈﻬﺮﻭﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺧﺘﻔﺎﺀ ،ﻭﰲ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ: ﺍﻟﺒٕﻨﻴﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻨﻴﺎﻥ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺑَﲎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
–ً ١ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ(()) :ﺑَﻪ(( :ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑُﻨﻴﺎﻥ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑۤﻨﻴٓﻨﺎٓ ﻭﺑَﻨﻴﻮٓﻥ.
–ً ٢ﻣﻦ ))ﺑٔﺎ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﲟﻌـﲎ: ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺢ.
ﺃﲢﻴّﺮ ﻭﺃﺷﺘﺒﻪ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻨﱢﻴﺠۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻳـﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻠـﺪﻱ:
–ً ٣ﻣﻦ ))ﭘٔﻪ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ :ﺃﺳـﺘﻬﺰﻯﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺒﺔ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﻭﰲ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻃﺮﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺛِﻘَﻞ ﳚﻌﻠﻬﺎ
ﻭﺃﺯﻳّﻒ. ﲤﻴﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ ﳝﺮّ ﺧﻴﻂ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮ ﻣﻦ
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[: ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻓﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻮﺯﻉ ﺍﳋـﻴﻂ
ﻳﺎّٔٔﺔ ﺍﳊﺎ ﳏۤﺒّﻚ ﻭﺧﺎﻟﺘﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮﺯ! ﺇﱃ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻛﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺛﺨﻨﻪ .ﱂ ﳒـﺪ ﻟﻠﻜﻠﻤـﺔ
)ﺃﻱ :ﻳﺎﻣﻦ ﺗﻼﻋﺐ ﺍﳊﺎﺧﺎﻡ ﳏﺒﻚ ﻓﺘﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻪ)) :ﺑٔﻪْ(((. ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑِـﲔ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﲞﺎﻑ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑٔﻪْ((. ))ﺑﻴﻨﻤﻚ(( :ﺍﻟﺮﻛﻮﺏ ﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻛﺐ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ))ﺟَﻪ((:
ﺍﻟﺒَﻬَﺎ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺀ – ﻭﺗﻘﺘﺼﺮ – :ﺍﳌﻨﻈﺮ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ، ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻐﲑ ،ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺆﺩﻯ :ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻛـﺐ ﺍﻟﺼـﻐﲑ،
ﺍﳉَﻤَﺎﻝ. ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻳﺮِﺱ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻨّﻴﺠﺎﺕ.
ﺑَﻬﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﻮﺭﻫﻢ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻨِﻴﻘﺔ :ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﻳۤﻖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﻬٔﺎﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻬﺎﺭ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺿـﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒَﻨِﻴﻨۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳊﺒﺎﻝ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻞ ﺍﳊﺮّﻳﻔﺔ ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻً. ﺍﳊﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳚﺮّ ﺑﻜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪﻳﺎﻥ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً،
ﻭﺍﳊﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒْﻬـﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒـﻬﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑَﻨّﻦ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺛﺒّﺖ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺭﺍﻳۤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒْﻬﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺭﺍﻳﺎﺕ. ﺍﻟﺒْﻨﻴّۤﺔ :ﺗﺼﻐﲑ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻟﺒْﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻨﻮﺍ ﺎ ﻛﻞ ﺻـﻨﻮﻑ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒْﻨﻴّﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺎﺭ ﻭﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﻭﻗﺮﻧﻔﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻓﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻃٕﺒّﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﻋﺘﻤّﺎ ﺑﺘﻄﻠٔﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴّۤﺔ
ﻭﺣﺐ ﺍﳍﺎﻝ ،ﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻠﻴﺐ. ﻷﻣّﺎ.
ﻭﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﺒﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻓﺎﻭﻳـﻪ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻞ ﻭﺍﻷﺑﺎﺯﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺪَﻗّﺔ. ﷲ ﷲ ﻳﺎﺑﻨﻴّﻪْ ﻭﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﳌﻴّﻪ
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ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻭﺃﻭﺳﺘﺮﺍﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ. ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺭ ﻓﻌﻞ ّﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﻭﻏـﲑﻩ :ﺫﺭّ
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺒﻬﺎﻧﺎﺕ. ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺮ.
ﻭﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭّﺓ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑٔﻬٔﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻐﺒﻐﺎﻥ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻳـﺔ: .BAKHAR
ﭘٔﭙٔﻐﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﭘﺎﭘﺎﻏﺎﻥ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜـﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻋـﻦ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺒَﺠﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺒَﺠَـﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ.BAKHARIKA :
)ﻭﺍﳉﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﺎﻥ ﻛَﺎﻓﲔ(. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻬﺎﺭ.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺑٕﺒْﻐﺎﻳّﻮ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻬﺎﺭ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻏﺎﻟﺒـﺎً ﻣـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ ﻋﻨـﺪﻭ ﺑْﻬـﺎﺭ ﺑـﺮ ّ
ﺵ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ: ﻋﺎﳌﺨﻠﻮﻃﺔ )ﻷﻧﻪ ﻏﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ ﳚﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ( ،ﺑـﺄٕﻡّ
ﰲ ﺍﻹﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ.PAPAGALLO : ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺔ ﺎﺭ ﻭﻻ ﻋﺎﺯﺓ ﺍﳉﺎﺭ ،ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮۤﺓ ﺍﳌﺮّﺓ ـﺎﺭﺍ ﻧـﺎﺭﺍ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.PERROQUET : )ﺃﻱ :ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﺎ(.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.PARROT : ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺳﻴﺔ.POPOUGAY : ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺎﻭﺍﺕ :ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺸِﻖ ﻟﺒﻬﺎﺭﻫﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﺮﻳﺔ.PAPAGAL : ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ.PAPAGEL : ﻭﻧﻔﺢ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺎﺭﺍﺗﻪ ﺃﺗَﻰ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜـﺔ ﻓﻼ ﺍﳌﺴﻚ ﳛﻜﻴﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺟﻴّﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺮ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.PAPAGHALOS : ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺑِﺸﻢﱢ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﻏﺒﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﺒﻐﺎﺀ. ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻦ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺣﻔﻆ ﺩﺭﺳﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺒﻬﺎﻥ ﻳﺎﻃﺎﺑﺦ ﺍﳉﻘّﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺒﺎ
)ﺃﻱ :ﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻬﻢ(. ﻭﺍﺕ ﺃﻛﺜِﺮ ﺍﻷﺎﺭ ﻟﻠﺘﻄﻴﻴﺐ.
ﺍﻟﺒٔﻬْﺒٔﻬٔﺎﻧﻴّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺒﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﺑﺴﺒﺎﻧﺦ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ:
ﺃﺧﻀﺮ :ﺑﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻬﺒٔﻬٔﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﻋﻠﻲ ﺩﻟّﻰ. ﻳَﱪﻕٌ ﺫﺍﻛﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺭ ﻗﺪ ﺃﺫﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﻊ ﳊﻢ ﻭﺎﺭ ﻗﺪ ﺣﻮﻯ ﲰﻨﺎًﻭﺩﻫﻨﺎً
ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺒﻬﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﱪﻏـﻞ ﺍﻟﺒٔﻬْﺒٔﻬٔﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺒﻐﺎﻥ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒَﺒْﻐﺎﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﺃﻭ
ﺑﺴﺒﺎﻧﺦ ﻫﻮ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻧﻜﱵ ﻇﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳـﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺒﱠﻐﺎﺀ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑِﺒْﻐٔﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻳﺔ :ﻃﺎﺋﺮ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ﺫﻭ
ﺍﲰﻪ ))ﺭﻧّۤﺦ(( ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﻠـﺲ ﺃﲪـﺪ ﺑـﻚ ﻣﻨﻘﺎﺭ ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻑ ﺃﲪﺮ ﻭﻟﺴﺎﻥ ﻋـﺮﻳﺾ ﻳﺸـﺒﻪ ﻟﺴـﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﱄ ،ﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩۤﺓ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺸﺮﺏ ﻣﻲ ﻛﺘﲑ ،ﺃﺷّﻮ ﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻥ ،ﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻴـﺪ ﻛﻼﻣـﻪ ،ﻗــﺪ ﻳــﻌﻴﺶ
ﻋﺸﺎﻙ؟ ﻗﺮﻧـﺎً ﻛـﺎﻣﻼً ،ﻳﻌﻴـﺶ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﺒـﻼﺩ ﺍﳊـﺎﺭﺓ
– ﺒﻬﺎﻧﻴّۤﺔ.
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ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﳋِﺰﻱ ،ﺍﳋﺠﻞ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭ. ﺍﻟﺒٔﻬﺒٔﻬﺎﻧﻴّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﻳﺎﻢ ﺫﺍﺕ
–ً ٣ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﱳ(( ﺃـﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺍﺀ ﺑﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺒﻬﺎﻥ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺪﻝ :ﺟﺮﻭ ﺍﻟﻀﺒﻊ ﲜﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺬﺍﺭ ﻭﻧﺒﻮّ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺑٕﻬۤﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻬِﺖ :ﺩُﻫِـﺶ ﻭﲢﻴّـﺮ ﻓﻬـﻮ
ﻋﻨﻪ ،ﺃﻭ ﻫﻲ ﺩﺧﻴﻠﺔ )ﻭﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻳﻦ(. ﻣﺒﻬﻮﺕ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﺑﺎﻫﺖ ﻭﻴﺖ.
–ً ٤ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺒﺬﱠﻝ :ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮّﻥ، ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻬﺖ.
ﰒ ﺃﺗﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﺮﺩ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺑﺪﻟﻮﺍ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻋﻔﲔ ﻫﺎﺀ، ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻓﻌـﻼﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧـﺚ
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻓﺠﻌﻠﻮﻩ ﺩﺍﻻً ﻣﻬﻤﻠﺔ ،ﺃﻻ ﺗـﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻼﻧۤﺔ.
ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺍﺑﺘﺬﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﻫﺎﻧﻪ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺑَﻬِـﺖ
ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﳌﺒﻬﺪۤﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻛﻤﺪّ ﻭﺗﻐﻴّﺮ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺒﻬﻮﺕ ﻣﻦ
ﳜﺪﻡ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ. ﺩﻫﺸﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﳎﺎﺯ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺒﻬﺪﻝ ﻭﺃﺪﻝ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﻬۤﺖ :ﲢﻴّﺮ ﻭﺑْﻬۤﺖ :ﺧﺠـﻞ
ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ))ﺪﻟﺔ(( ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﻟﻄـﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﳌـﻨﻦ(( ﻭﺃَۤﺖ :ﺃﺧﺠﻞ ،ﺃﺩﻫﺶ.
ﻟﻠﺸﻌﺮﺍﱐ .ﺟ ١ﺹ.١٧٥ ﺑَﻬْﺠَﺖ :ﲰﻮﺍ ﺫﻛﻮﺭﻫﻢ ﺠﺖ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪﺍً ﻟﻸﺗﺮﺍﻙ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺪﻟۤﺔ ﻭﺃﻛﻼ ﺪﻟۤﺔ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺍﻟﺒَﻬﺠۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻬﺠَﺔ :ﺣﺴﻦ ﻟﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ
ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻮﻟﻮ ﻭﻋﺮﺿﻮ ،ﻋﺠﺐ ﺍﳌﺒﻬﺪﻝ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﻭﻧﻀﺎﺭﺗﻪ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺭ.
ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻣﺒﻬﺪﻝ. ﻭﲰّﻰ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺫﻛﻮﺭﻫﻢ ﺠﺖ ،ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﺒﻬﺪﻟﻮ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ. ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺩﺕ ﺗﺒﻬﺪﻝ ﺭﺟّﺎﻝ ﺳـﻠّﻂ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﻨﺒﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﻻ ﺗﻠﺒﺴﻮﺍ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﺍ ﻭﺁﻥ ﺭﺩﺕ ﺗﺒﻬﺪۤﻝ ﻣﺮﺍ ﺳﻠّۤﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ ﻭﻟـﺪ ﺑﺘﺮﻭ ﺠﺘﻮ.
)ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺳﺎﺋﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺑﻠﻔـﻆ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴـﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺍﻕ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻟﻮ ﻟﺒﺴﱵ ﺳـﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﺸۤـﺔ
ﻭﺍﳉﺰﺍﺋﺮ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ(. ﻣﺎﻟۤﻚ ﺠۤﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﳒﺮﻭ ﺪﻟۤﺔ. ﺑَﻬﺪَﻝ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣْﺒﻬﺪَﻝ ﻭﺑﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺪﻟﺔ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻋﺘﺰﻧﺎ ﻟﻘﻼﻟَﺔ ﻭﻗﻼﻟَﺔ ﺃـﺪﻝ ﺩﺍﳝﺎً ﺑﺒﻬﺪﻟﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﳛﻘﺮﻭﻧﻪ ﻭﻳﺘﻨﻘﺼـﻮﻧﻪ،
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻻ .ﻓﻼﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺷﺎﻑ ﺃﺪﻝ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺑﻘﺘـﻞ ﺣـﺎﻟﻮ. ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﺟﻮﺯﻱ ﺑﺘﺠﻮّﺯ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻴﺴﻮ ﺑﺘﺨﺮّﺝ ﻫﻮّﻩ ﺑﺘﺒﻬﺪﻝ ﻭﺃﻧـﺎ –ً ١ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺬﻟـﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘـﻨﻘﺺ ﻣـﻦ
ﺑﺘﻔﺮّﺝ. ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮّﺵ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺪﻟۤـﺔ ﻣﺘـﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻛـﺎﺓ: ﻭﻳﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( ﺍﻧﻔـﺮﺩ ﺑﺈﺭﺟﺎﻋﻬـﺎ ﺇﱃ
ﻣﺎﺑﻴﺎﻛﻼ ﺇٕﻻ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺴﺘﺤﻘﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺬﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﺍﻝ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻤﺔ.
–ً ٢ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﭼﻠﱯ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻬﺘﺎ
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ﺯﻳّﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﻧْﺒَﻬْﺮۤﻩْ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻳـﺔ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[:
ﻧَﺒَﻬْﻠۤﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ ،ﺍﳌﺰﻳّﻒ. ﺃﻭﻋﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻮ ،ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻮ ﺪﻟﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻬْﻠَﻮٔﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﻬﻠﻮﺍﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻟﻔَﻬْﻠَـﻮﺍﻥ: ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﺰﻭّﺝ ﺃﺷﻘﺎﻛﻢ ﻏﺪﺍﺓ ﺻﺤﺎ
ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﭘٔﻬْﻠٔـﻮٔﺍﻥ :ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻱّ، ﺣﻠﺐ(( ﺟ ٢ﺹ ٤٣ﻭ٤٤ ﰲ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻞ ،ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺎﻉ ،ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻉ. ﺳﻨﺔ ١٨٤١ﻋﻦ ))ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻌّﻮﻡ ﲞﺎﺵ(( :ﺩﻋـﺎ ﺃﺳـﻌﺪ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺄﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺧﺎﺭﻗـﺔ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﺃﻋﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﻭﲞﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻪ ﺭﻋـﺎﻋﻬﻢ
ﻛﺎﳌﺸﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻔﺰ ﰲ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ﻭ..... ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻟﻔّﺎﺕ ﻭﺇﻫﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ....:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﭘٔﻬْﻠٔﻮٔﺍﻥ. ﺩﻳﺮﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻢ ﺃٕﻥ ﻳﺼﲑ ﺪﻟﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺴﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺼﺎﺭﻩ.
ﰲ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ(( :ﺟ ٣ﺹ ١٢٩ﻋﻦ ﺑَﻬٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻤـﺮُ ﺍﻟﻨﺠـﻮﻡَ :ﻏﻤﺮﻫـﺎ
))ﻳﻮﻣﻴّﺔ ﻧﻌّﻮﻡ ﲞﺎﺵ(( :ﺳﻨﺔ ١٨٤٩ﺑﺪِﻱ ﻟﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻠﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﻮﺋﻪ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻥ :ﺑﺮﻉ ﻭﻓﺎﻕ ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺀﻩ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﻬْﺮ :ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺐ.
ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺎﺑﻨﺪﺭ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺒﺸﻴﺔ :ﺮ :ﺍﺷﺘﺪ ﳌﻌﺎﻧﻪ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ :ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻠﻮﺍﻧﻴّۤﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬـﻢ[ :ﻧﻜﺘـﺐ ))ـﺮ((
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻠﻮﺍﳒﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻠﻮٔﳒﻲ. ﻭﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺣﺎﻓﻠﺔ ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ)) :ﺍﺣﺬﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻨـﻮﺭ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻠﻮﺍﳒﻴّٔﺔ. ﺍﳌﺒﻬﺮ(( ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺧﻄﺄ ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻫﺮ.
ﻭﺗﻌﲏ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻠﻮﺍﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺺ :ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻞ. ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻧﺒﻬﺮ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﺼﻬﻢ ﻗﺼﺔ ))ﲪﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻠﻮﺍﻥ(( ﻣﻌﺮﺑـﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑْﻬَﺮ :ﳌﻊ ،ﺳﻄﻊ.
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺔ ﲟﺠﻠﺪﺍﺕ ،ﻛﻨﺖ ﻗﺮﺃﺎ ﻭﺃﻧـﺎ ﺑَﻬّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﻠّﺤﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺨﺔ ﻭّﺮﻧﺎﻫـﺎ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ
ﺍﺑﻦ ١٤ﻣﻊ ))ﻓﲑﻭﺯ ﺷﺎﻩ(( ﻭ ))ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺒﻖ(( ﻭ ))ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺭ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺫﺭّﻩ.
ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﻠﺔ(( ﻭ ))ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﳍﻤﺔ(( ﻭ ))ﺳﻴﻒ ﺑﻦ ﺫﻱ ﻳﺰﻥ(( ﻭ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺭ.
))ﻋﻨﺘﺮﺓ(( ﻭ..... ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ :ﺗْﺒﻬّﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻬﻠﻮﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻬﻠﻮﻝ :ﺍﻟﻀﺤّﺎﻙ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ، ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﮔﺪﺑﺎﺗﻮ ﻣﻔﻠﻔﻠۤﺔ ﻣﺒﻬّﺮٔﺓ.
ﻗﻴﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ. ﺑَﻬﺮﺍﻡ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ :ﺗﻮﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺱ ،٩٨٨ﻭﻫﻮ ﺑﺎﱐ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﻟﻴﻞ. ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺮﺍﻣﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺮﻣﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺑﺎﱐ ﲪﺎﻡ ﺑـﺮﻫﻢ
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﭼﻠﱯ ﺃﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـﺔ: ﰲ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﻧﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺑﺮﻫﻢ ،ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺮﺍﻡ ﻣﻦ
ﺑَﻬﻠﻮﻻ :ﺍﻷﺑﻠﻪ ،ﺍﻟﻐﱯ ،ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻞ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﳌﺮّﻳﺦ ،ﻣـﺎﺕ
ﺑَﻬْﻠِﻴﻠﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ: ﺱ.٩٩٥
ﺑَﻬﻠﻮﻻ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻴﺲ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻘﻲ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷـﻠﺤﺖ. ﺑَﻬﺮﺍﻡ :ﺩﺍﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺤﻞ ﺃﻣـﺮﻩ ﰲ
)ﺣﻠﺐ.(٦٩ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺱ.٥٢۰
ﺍﻟﺒٕﻬْﻢ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍً ﻟﻨﻘﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻔٕﻬْﻢ. ﺑَﻬْﺮٔﺝ :ﻋـﺮﺑﻴﺔ:ﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ ﺮﺟـﺔ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻴﻢ.
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ﻓﺤﺬﻓﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺃﺗﻮﺍ ﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑَﻬّﻢ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻴﻢ.
ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻬﻤﻨۤﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻴﻢ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻌﻞّ :ﻢ ﻓﻼﻥ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻥ ّﻢ ﻓﻼﻧﺎً، ﺍﻟﺒَﻬْﻨﻜۤﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺒﻬﻨﻚ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻬﻤﻨۤﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻬﻮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻘـﺪﱠﻡ
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻴﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺎﱘ ﻋﺪﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳉﻤﻌـﲔ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﺕ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳـﻲ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﳌﲔ. ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﻴﻢ! ﻭﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻤـﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ ﻟﻐﺮﻓـﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﺁﻳۤـﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﻧـﺎﺩﻱ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠـﻮﻡ
ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻤﻨۤﺔ ،ﻭﻛﻨﺖ ﺃﲰﻴﻪ ﻓﻬﻤﻲ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﻜﻤﺎً ،ﻭﺣﺴﱠـﺒﺎ ﻭﳎﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ.
ﺻﻌﻲ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻋﻴّﺮﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻬﻤﻨﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺧﺴﺎ ،ﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻓﺎﻥ :ﺍﻠﺪ ٢٣ﺹ : ١٥٥ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻏﺮﻓﺔ
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ﺍﳍﺰّﺍﺯۤﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻠﻞ ،ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺑﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺧﺎﻥ ﻳﺼﻨﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳋﻞّ، ﻳﺎﺑﻮٓ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺎﺃﺑﺎﻩ !
ﰒ ﺍﺗّﺴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻣﺎﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﺑﺔ ﻓﻐـﺪﺍ ﺍﻻﺳـﻢ ﻟﻠﺤـﻲ ﻭﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ ))ﻳﺎﺑﻮٓ(( ﺗﻮﳘﻮﺍ ﺃﺎ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﻠﻪ. ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻧﺎﺩﻭﺍ ﺃﺗﻮﺍ ﺑـ ))ﻳﺎ(( ﻓﻘـﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻳﺎﻳـﺎﺑﻮ،
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳋﺎﻥ ﻓﻨﻌﺮﻓﻪ ،ﻭﻗـﺪ ﲢـﻮﻝ ﺇﱃ ﻣـﺄﻭﻯ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ :ﻳﺎﻳﺎﻣﻮ.
ﻟﻠﺤﻨﺎﺗﲑ ،ﰒ ﻫﺪﻡ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻳﺎ.
ﺑﻮّﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺐ :ﰲ ﻣﻨﻌﻄﻒ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲔ ﳑﻦ ﻳﻌﱪ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻮّﺍﺏ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ.
ﺟﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳋﻨﺪﻕ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺑﻮﺍﺑﺔ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺩﻭﻻﺏ ﺑـﺮﻡ ﻭﺣﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺒِﻮﺍﺑَﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻟﺒْﻮﺍۤﺑۤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺐ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ،ﰒ ﺑﲏ ﻏﺮﺎ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻳﻔﻀﻲ ﺇﱃ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮّﺍﺏ.
ﻣﻘﺒﻮّ ،ﻓﺎﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺟﻬﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﻷﺻـﻠﻴﺔ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﻟﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺑﻼﺩﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻵﺫﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺑﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺟﻬﻞ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ.
ﺑﻮﺍﺑﺔ ﻗﻴﺲ :ﰲ ﺣﻲ ﺍﳉﻠﻮﻡ ،ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺳـﻢ ﻗـﻴﺲ ﻭﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﺑﻮّﺍﺏ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ )ﻭﻛﺬﺍ
ﺍﻬﻮﻝ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ،ﻭﺗﻌﺪّ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺑﻮﺍﺑﺔ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ. ﻛﻞ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﺔ( ،ﻭﺑﻮّﺍﺏ ﺍﳋﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺑـﻮّﺍﺏ
ﺑﻮّﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻨَﱯ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﻔّﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻭﺳﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ،ﻭﺑﻮّﺍﺏ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻭﺑﻮّﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ....
ﺑﺰۤﺓ. ﻭﺍﻵﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﻮّﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ.
ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺟﺪّﺩ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﲔ ،ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﻗـﱪ ﺍﻟﺒَﻮّٔﺍﺑۤﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻤـﺮ
ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﻛﺎﻟۤﺐ ﺑﻦ ﻓﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﻂ ﻳﻬﻮﺫﺍ –ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺰﻋﻤﻮﻥ–. ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻖ ﻳﺼﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﱃ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻭﻻ ﻣﻨﻔﺬ ﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻞ
ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ ﰲ ﺑﻮّﺍﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﻲ ﺣﻮﳍﺎ ﲰﻲ ﺎ. ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ.
ﻭﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﰲ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ،ﻭﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﺮﻭﻥ ﻳﺆﺛﺮﻭﻥ
ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻳﺢ ))ﻛﺎﻟﺐ(( ،ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺯﺭﺗﻪ. ﺍﻟﺴﻜﲎ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺭ ﰲ ﺑﻮﺍﺑﺔ ﻷﺎ ﺃﻣﻨـﻊ ﻣـﻦ ﻏﲑﻫـﺎ،
ﺹ ۲۰ :ﻭ: ۲١ ﻭﰲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﻓﻘﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻭﻏﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻭﺗﻌﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻳﺔ
ﻭﰲ ))ﺑﺰﺍ(( ﺇﺑﻠﻮﻗﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺿﺮﳛﻪ ﻣﻨﻮﱠﺭ ﺟﻠﻲﱡ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﺗﺮﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺣﺴﺎﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﻪ ﻧﺼﻴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ،
ﰲ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺗُﻈﻠّﻪ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﻛﺎﻳﻦ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻮّﺍﺑﺔ ﻭﺗﻜﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﺑﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﳏـﻞ ﺳـﻜﲎ
)ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺣﺔ ))ﺑﺰﺍ((( ﺍﻷﻏﻨﻴﺎﺀ.
ﻭﰲ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ: ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ))ﺍﻟﺮَﺩْﺏ(( :ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ
ﻭﻷﰊ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﺍﳌﻴﻘﺎﰐ ﺷﻌﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺑﻠﻮﻗﻴﺎ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻔﺬ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺪَﺭْﺏ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺜﺒﺖ.
)ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺥ( :٥٤٦ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻧﻄﺤٕﺘﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﻮّﺍﺑۤﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻴﺒﺔ ﻭﺟﻼﻟﺔ ﺍﻧﺘﺒﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺿﺮﺭ ﻗﺪ ﳛﻴﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺇﺯﻣﺎﻋﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋﻤـﻞ
ﺗﺪﻝّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﻉ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮْ ﺃﻭﺣﲔ ﻫﻢّ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ(.
ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻳﺢ ﻳﻀﻤﱡﻪ ﺑﻮّﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﳋٔﻞّ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣـﺎﺭﺍـﻢ[ :ﺑﻴـﻦ
ﻧﱯ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﺷﺄﻥ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴِﻴَﺮ
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ﺍﻟﺒّﻮﺍﺱ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺱ. ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﳌﻮﺳﻰ ﺻﻬﺮﻩ ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮّﺍﻙ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻮﻙ. ﻭﱂ ﻳَﺨﺶ ﺟﺒّﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺇﺫ ﺧُﺸﻲ ﺍﻟﻨَﻔَﺮ
ﺑٔﻮّٔﺏ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮّﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺑـﺎً )ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻨﻔﺮﻭﻥ ﻟﻠﻘﺘﺎﻝ ﺃﻱ :ﳝﻀﻮﻥ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ(.
ﻭﺻﻨﻮﻓﺎً ﳑﻴّﺰﺓ. ﻭﻗﺎﺗﻠَﻬﻢ ﻣﻊ ﻳﻮﺷﻊ ﰒ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺒﻮﻳﺐ. ﺃﺗﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟ َﻈﻔَﺮ
ﺑﻮٓﺑٓﻊ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑُﻊْ ﺑُﻊْ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ :ﺑُـﻊْ ﺑُـﻊْ: ﻭﰲ ﺇﲰﻪ ﺍﻷﻗﻮﺍﻝ ﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻬﺎ
ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻣﺘﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻴﺎﻥ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻮﻝ. ﳋﺒَﺮ
ﻛﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺃﺑﻴﻪ ﻟﻮﻗﻴﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻒ ﺍ َ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻄﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺑﻮٓ :ﺍﻟﻌﻔﺮﻳﺖ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﰲ ﻭﺭﺟّﺢ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺳﲑ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺎً
ﻋﺰﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺮ. ﻭﺇﺑﻠﻮﻗﻴﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﺑﻦ ﻟﻮﻗﻴﺎ(( ﳐﺘﺼﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺪَﺡّ ﻋﺎﳊۤﻴﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﺒٓﻮﺑٓـﻊ ﰲ ﻭﱂ ﻳﺪﺭِ ﺃﺭﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ ﺭﻣﺴﻪ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ )ﳜﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﻢ ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺛﺎﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺲ ﻗﺪ ﻇﻬﺮ
ﺗﺰﻭّﺝ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺑﺸﻌﺔ(. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺗﻮﺗﻞ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺔ ))ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ((.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻫﺎﺯﻳﺞ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ :ﻳﺎﺟْﻤـﺎۤﻝ ﻭﻳﻠﻔﺖ ﻧﻈﺮﻧﺎ ﺃﻥ ﳑﻦ ﲰﻲ ﺑﻜﺎﻟۤـﺐ ﳒﺎﺷـﻲ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺑﻌﻪْ! ﺃﺵ ﺗﻌﺸﻴﺘﻮ ﺁﻣﺒﺎۤﺭﺣﻪْ ؟ ﺧﺒﺰۤﺓ ﻭﺟﺒﻨۤﺔ ﻣﺎۤﳊﻪْ. ﺍﳊﺒﺸﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻳﻮﺳﺘﻨﻴﺲ :ﻗﻴﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ – ﻛﻤـﺎ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﺑَﻠَﺪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻋﺸﲑﺓ. ﻗﺼﺔ ﺷﻬﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﳊِﻤﲑﻳﲔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻠﺪ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﲑﺓ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻋﺪﺩ ﺷﺒﺎﻁ ﻭﺁﺫﺍﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺱ ١٩٤٩ﺹ.٢٨٢
ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﺑُﻮ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒٕﺒﻮ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﻛﺎﻟﺐ(( ﺍﺳﻢ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ.
ﺍﻟﺒٓﻮﰊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﭘﻴﺔ :ﻋَﻠَﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻠﺐ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ ))ﺣﻠﺐ(( :ﺹ.٥٨
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﻮٓﰊ. ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻮﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﻌﺮْﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﰐ ﻛﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺗﺎﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻃﺎﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ،POTASSE : ﰲ)) :ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ(( :ﺟ ۲ﺹ.١٣١
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ :POTASH :ﺃﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻡ ،ﻳﻌﺘﱪ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ(( ﻟﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﺔ :ﺹ.٢۰٨
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﺼـﺮ ﺍﻟﻐـﺬﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟـﺚ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺍﻵﺯﻭٓﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﺣﲑ :ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺘﺪﻯﺀ
ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻣﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺳﻔﻮﺭﻱ. ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ،ﻳﺴﺘﺪﻟﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻘﺴﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻘﺲ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺗﻘﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﺔ. ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﺔ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺣﲑ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺗﲔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻃﲔ. ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻮﺣْﺮﻧٓﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺺ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ،ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻮﺍﺭﺗۤﺔ :ﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﲑﻭﰐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻮﺍﺭﺗۤﺔ.
ﻭﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ
ﳏﺒﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﲪﺎﺻْﻨۤﺔ ﻭﻋَﺴﺎﺳْـﻨۤﺔ ﻭﻣﺼـﺎﺭﻭۤﺓ
ﻭﻣﻮﺍﺻﻠۤﺔ.
١٩١
ﺑﻮﺩٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺟﻲ :ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ﺑﻮﺟﻴّۤﺔ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩْﺭٔﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ،POUDRE :ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﭘﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻠﺐ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﻩ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺟﻨﺲ
:POWDERﻣﺴﺤﻮﻕ ﺗﺒﻴﺾ ﺑﻪ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﻭﺟﻬﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﻨﻘﻬـﺎ ﻟﻠﻜﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻵﺫﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠﺔ.
ﻟﻠﺘﺰﻳﲔ ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺣﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﺟـﺎﻝ ،ﻭﺗﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﻮﺟﻲ.
ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﺸﻴﻒ ،ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺤﻮﻕ ﻧﺸﺎ ﺍﻟـﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺟﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BOUGIE :ﺍﻟﺸﻤﻌﺔ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ
ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺤﻮﻕ ﻗﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﳍﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺈﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎ :ﺍﳊَﻮَﺭ :ﺷـﻲﺀ ﺑَﻮّٔﺡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺧﺴﻠﻨﺎ ﺍﳋﺎﺻَﺔ ﺑـﺎﳌﻲّ ﻗﺎﻣـﺖ
ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ ﺍﶈﺮّﻕ ﺗﻄﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﻭﺟﻬﻬﺎ. ﺑﻮّﺣﺖ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻇﻬﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ ﺑﻘﻊ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ،
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﻭﻟـﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝـﺔ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺔ)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﻣـﺎﺀ
ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺎﺕ :ﺫَﺭﻭﺭ ،ﻏُﻤﻨَﺔ ،ﻏَﻤْﺮَﺓ. ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ.
ﻭﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ :ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻄﺔ ﺑٓﻮﺩﺭۤﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ، ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺣﺪﻳﺪ :ﻓﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺎﺭ ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺩﻳـﺔ
ﻭﳌﺎ ﺗﺒﻮﺩﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ ﻃﻠّﻌۤﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﭼـﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺍۤﻳـﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ.
ﻭﻋﺠﺒﺎ ﻭﻛﱪ ﺭﺍﺳﺎ. ﺑﻮﺣﻼﺣۤﻞ :ﻓﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺑﻮﻟﻴﻞ ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺩﻳـﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻟﻮﻻ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺮﺓ ﻣﺎﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻳﻌﺪ ١۰۰ﺧﻴﻤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻘﺮﺍ ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻤﺮﺍ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺣَﻤَﺪ :ﻓﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺷﻌﺒﺎﻥ ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﭽﻲ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﺔ )ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ(. ﲰﻌﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻮﺗﻘﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻃﻘـﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﲪﻴﺪﻱ :ﺑﻄﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻋﺰﺍﺯ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻃﻘﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﭘُﻮﺗۤﻪ :ﺇﻧﺎﺀ ﺧﺰﰲ ﺗﺼﻬﺮ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺣﺔ :ﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﰲ ))ﺑﻮّﺡ(( ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ –
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ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﺍﱐ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﻘّﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻖ ﺗﻄﺒﺦ ﺑﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﰲ ﺩﻭﺍﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﻛﺘـﺎﺏ ))ﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ
ﳏﺸﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻖ. ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ(( :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻃﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻃﻘﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺭﺟْﻮﺍﺯﻱ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮﺟﻮﺍﺯﻱ. ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻭﺍ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻴﺤﺔ.
ﺑَﻮْﺭۤﺩ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﳌﺮﻃﺒﺎﺕ[ :ﺗﻌﺎ ﺑَﻮْﺭۤﺩ ،ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ ﺱ ٧ﺹ :٢٤٦ﺳﺄﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻛﻴﻒ
ﺑَﺮﱢﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺑَﺮّﺩ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ،ﻻ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﻳﺬﺍﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ،ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﺣﺎﻭﻟﻨﺎ ﺇﺫﺍﺑﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺑﻮﺍﺗﻖ ﻓﻜﺎﻧـﺖ
ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ. ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺗﻜﺴﺮﻫﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺬﻭﺏ ؟ )ﻛﺬﺍ ﳜﻄﻰﺀ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ:
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺭﺩْﺭﻭٓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BORDEREAU :ﺟـﺪﻭﻝ ﺑﻮﺍﺗﻖ(.
ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺗﺐ ،ﺳﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ. ﺃﺟﺎﺑﺘﻪ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤِﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﺗﻖ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴـﺔ،
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻮﺭﺩﺭﻭّﺍﺕ. ﻓﺈﺎ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ )ﻳﻔﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ :ﺟـﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺭﺍﻗﻴﺔ( ،ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﺎﺟﻠﺒﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﺗﻖ
ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺗﺐ ﻭﺳﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻘِﻂّ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺭﺑﺎ !.
)ﻭﺍﻷﺧﲑ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺫﻛﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ(. ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ،ﺃﻱ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺭﺳَﻠﲔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﭘﻮٓﺭﺳﻠﲔ. ﻗﺮﻭﻥ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﳌﻌﻘﻮﻑ ﻭﻟـﻪ
ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﺭْﺻٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،PORSA :ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ: ﺟﺮﻥ ﺻﻐﲑ ﳝﻸ ﺗﺒﻐﺎً ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺨـﺎﺭﻱ
ـﺔ
ـﺪ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴـ
ـﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻘـ
ـﻮﻕ ﲡـ :BOURSEﺳـ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻓﻴﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﺄﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﻗﺼﱯ ﳝﺺ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻟـﺪﺧﺎﻥ
ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻄﺎﻥ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﺻﺎﺕ. ﺍﳌﺸﻌﻮﻝ ،ﲰﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺒﻮﺩﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻳﻎ.
ﻭُﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ :ﺍﳌَﺼْـﻔَﻖ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨـﺪﻭﺓ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴـﺔ ،ﻭﱂ ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺻﺎﻧﻌﻪ ﻭﺑﺎﺋﻌﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﺠﻲ ،ﻭﻧﻌﻬﺪ ﳓﻦ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻼ ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﺻﻪ. ﺍﺷﻐﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﺠﻴّۤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺩﻛﺎﻛﻴﻨﻬﻢ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﺻﻬﺠﻲ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻳـﺰﺍﻭﻝ ﺃﻋﻤـﺎﻝ ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﺠﻲ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﻮﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﺻﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﺻﻪ ﺟﻴّۤﺔ. ﻭﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺩﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﺩۤﻕ.
ﺑﻮٓﺭٔﻕ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫُﻮّۤﻩ ﺷﺐ ﻣْﺒﻮﺭۤﻕ ﻭﻫﻴّﺔ ﺻـﺒﻴّۤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﺭ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﱂ ﺗﺰﺭﻉ ،ﻭﳎﺎﺯﺍً :ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪ ﻻ
ﻣْﺒﻮﺭْﻗﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻧﻪ ﲨﻴﻞ ﻭﺣﺴﻦ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻓﻌﻼً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﲑ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﻓﻮٓﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﻕ ﺃﻱ :ﲨﺎﻟﻪ ﻻﻣﻊ ﺑﺮّﺍﻕ ﻛﺎﻟﱪﻕ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻮﺭﺍٓ.
ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﺭﻣٔﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻮﺭﻣٔﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺭﻣٔـﻪ :ﻗﻄﻌـﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑُﻮﺭﺍ.
ﻣﻮﺑﻴﻠﻴﺎ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻃﺮﺍﺯ ﻗﺪﱘ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﳋﺰﺍﻧـﺔ ﻟﻜﻨـﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺭ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ PORT :ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴـﺔ:
ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻮﺍﻓﺬ ،ﳍﺎ ﺟﺮّﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﲢﻔﻆ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﺵ :PORTUSﺍﳌﺮﻓﺄ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺿﺔ ،ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗـﻮﺩﻉ ﻓﻴـﻪ
ﻭﺍﻷﺑﺎﻳﺾ .ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﺒﲑﻭﻡ. ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﻟﺘﺸﺤﻦ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺝ.
ﺑُﻮﺭﺍﻥ :ﺑﻨﺖ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺃﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ :ﺷﺎﻋﺮﺓ
ﺣﻠﺒﻴﺔ ،ﻣﺎﺗﺖ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺱ ٩٣٨ﻫ.
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ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻭﱂ ﺃﺟﺪﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺭﻣﻪ ﱄ :ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊَﻤﺎﻡ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ:
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﻣﻌﺮّﺏ ﻗﺪﱘ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻔﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﻭّﺭ ﻭﺍﳊﻠﺰﻭﱐ.
ﻭﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻓﻢ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ. ﺑﻮﺭﻭٓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BUREAU :ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻳﻜﺘـﺐ
ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﻳﺪﺍﱐ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺯ ﻟﻔﻈـﺎً ﻭﻣﻌـﲎ ﻛﻠﻤـﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻀﺪﺓ .ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ.
BOUCHEﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻔـﻢ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠـﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻤـﺔ MUSO ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻫﺎ :ﻃﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ.
ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﺭِﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺭِﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻮﺭﻭ :ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻮﺏ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑْﻮﺍﺯ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﳌﻲ ،ﻭﺑـﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﺑّﺎٔ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺯ ﻟﻠﺮﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺷـﻴﺎﺀ، ﻭﺑﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻘٔﺎﻇٔﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺑﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﭽٔﺎﻳﺪﺍﻥ ،ﻭﺑﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ،
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺑﻮﺯ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﺔ ﻭﺑﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻣﺎﻱ ﻭﺑﻮﺯ ﻭﺑﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺧﺮﺓ.
ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺪﺭﺓ. ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻇﺎﻥ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮﺭﻱ ﺯٔﺍﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻕ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﻮّﺯ ﺍﻟﺒَﻴّﻮﺭ :ﻋﻤﻞ ﻟـﻪ ﺭﺃﺳـﺎً ﻭﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﻱ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻮﺍﺭِﻱ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺒْﻮﺍۤﺭِﻱ.
ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺎً ،ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗْﺒﻮّﺯ. ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﺮﺓ ﻃﻮﻳﻼً ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﺭ
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺳﻜّۤﺮ ﺑﻮﺯﻙ ،ﺳٕﺪّﻱ ﺑﻮﺯۤﻙ. ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻖ ﻗﺼّﺮﻭﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻬﺰﺝ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ :ﻗﻞ ﺃﻋـﻮﺫُ ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﺭِﻱ :ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﻱ ،ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ.
ﺩﻧﺪﻝ ﺑﻮﺯﻭ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠۤﺔ ﺳﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻤۤﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺗﻼﺗۤﺔ ﻣﺎﺑﻨﻤﺴـﻜﻮﺍ :ﺍﻟﺴَـﻤَﻚ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﻻﺗﻄـﺮٓﻕ ﺑـﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﻱ ﻭﻋﺼﻔﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳋﻮﺭِﻱ.
ﺻﺒّٔﺎﻃﻚ ﰲ ﺻﻔّۤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﺒﺔ ﲤﺎ ﻳﻮﻟﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﳉﺎﻥ. ﺑﻮﺭِﻱ :ﺑﻦ ﺃﻳﻮﺏ ﺍﳌﻠﻘﺐ ﺑﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﳌﻠـﻮﻙ ،ﺣﺎﺻـﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[: ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ٥٧٩ﻫ.
ﺍﺳﻘﻨﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﱴ ﺗﺮﺍﱐ ﻛﻜﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺭﻳﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ :BORIQUE :ﺣـﺎﻣﺾ
ﻭﺃﴰﺸﻢ ﺭﻳﺢ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺒﻮﺯﻱ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻄﻬّﺮﺍً ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺎً.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻤﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﻳﲏ :ﺑﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ،ﻟﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠـﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺗﻠﺖ ﺃﺷﻴﺎ ﻣـﺎ ﺑﺘـﺪﻓﺎ :ﺑـﻮﺯ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ(( ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ١۰٢٤ﻫ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ،ﻭﺃﺻﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﺍﳊﻼﻕ ،ﻭ )ﻗﻔﺎ( ﺍﳌﺮﺍ. ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﭘُﻮﺯ ﺃﻭ ﻓُﻮﺯ ﺃﻭ ﭘَﺮْﻳﻮﺯ :ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺯﻣﻪ :ﻛﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﱳ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ. ﺍﻟﻔﻢ ،ﻣﺎﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﻒ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﺣﺬﻓﻮﺍ ))ﻣﻪ((. ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﻟﻺﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧـﻪ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺯ :ﻟـﻮﻥ ﻛﻠﺐ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻘﲑ.
ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﻛﻦ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻮﺯﺍ. ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻣﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﻋﺒﻮﺩ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻲ(( ﺇﺎ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻃﻴﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺯ :ﺍﻟﺒـﻮﺯ ﺍﻻﺑـﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﻟﺒـﻮﺯ
ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ.
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ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﺑﺴـﻮﻗﻪ ﺑٔﻮّٔﺯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺯ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓﻢ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﺗﻮﺯﻳﻌﻪ. ﻓﻌّﻞ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﳍﺎ ﺭﺃﺳﺎً ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺎً.
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻮﺳﻄﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺳﻄﻪ ﺟﻲ. ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗﺒﻮّﺯ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺳﻄﻪ ﺟﻴّۤﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﻮّﺯﻟﻮ ﺧﺎﺯﻭﻕ )ﺃﻭ ﻋﻢ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺳﻄﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺟﺎۤﻳﲔ ﺑﻮﺳﻄﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﺑﻨﺠّﺮﻟﻮ.(...
ﳎﺘﻤﻌﲔ ﻛﺮﻛﺎﺏ ﻋﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺳﻄﺔ :ﺣﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺑُﻮﺯٔﺍ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﺴﺘﻖ ﺑﻮﺯﺍ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻷﺧﻀـﺮ
ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﺼﻨﺔ ،ﺑـﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ ﺗﻘـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺾّ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺯٔﺍ :ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﻛـﻦ ،ﻭﻟـﻮﻥ
ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺮﻓﻬﺎ ﺑـ .LES ﺍﳉﻤﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺳﻄﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺟﻴـﺐ ﱄ ﭼـﺎٔﻱ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ.
ﺑﻮﺳﻄﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﺒﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﱄ ،ﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﳌﺘﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﳛﺸﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺑﻴﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ
ﻗﻴﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻧﻘﻠﻪ ﻧﻘﻼً ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺯﺍ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎً ﱄ ﺫﻛﻴﺎً ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﭼـﺎٔﻱ ﺑٓﻮﺯَﻡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﰲ ﻧﺎﺱ ﺩﺍﳝﺎً ﻣْﺒﻮﺯﻣﲔ ،ﻫـﺪﻭﻝ
ﺑْﻮَﺳﻄﺎ ،ﺃﻱ ﺿﻌﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺼﻔﺎﺓ ﺇﺑﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﺒﻪ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺴﻜﻦ ﰲ ﻗﻠﻮﺑٓﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻤۤﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﺎﺑﺴﲔ .ﱂ ﳒﺪ
ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺍﳊﺎﺭ. ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻬﻜﻢ،
ﺍﻟﺒٓﻮﺳۤﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺱ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺯﻣۤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑـﻮٓﺵ :ﺍﳋـﺎﱄ ،ﺍﻟﻔـﺎﺭﻍ، ﺑﻮّﺱ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺱ.
ﺍﻷﺟﻮﻑ ،ﻣﺎﻻ ﺧﲑ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺳﻄﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ POSTA:ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴـﺔ:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﭘﻮﭺ :ﺍﳋﺎﱄ. POSITAﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻘﻮﻓﺔ ،ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﺑﻌـﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﻼﻣﻮ ﺑﻮﺵ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺻـﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ.
ﺑﻮﺵ ،ﰲ ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﻮﺵ؟ ﺷﻐﻠﻮ ﻛﻠـﻮ ﺑـﻮﺵ ﰲ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺳﻄﺎﺕ.
ﺑﻮﺵ ،ﺗﻔﻨﮕﺘﻮ ﺑﻮﺵ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻋﻄﻴﺔ :ﻭﺃﻟﻴَﻖ ﻣﺎﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺑـﻪ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﻳﺼﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﮕﺎﺭﺳﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﺎﻭﻱ :ﺗﻌـﺎ ﺷـﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻴﺢ)) :ﺍﳌِﺤﻔّﺔ(( ،ﻭﻫﻲ :ﻣﺮﻛـﺐ ﻟﻠﻨﺴـﺎﺀ
ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻮﺵ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﺎﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﮔﻴﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺪﺡ. ﻛﺎﳍﻮﺩﺝ ،ﻭﻳﻘﺎﺭﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ))ﺍﻟﺸِﺠﺎﺭ(( ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﻗﺮﺏ
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺰﻋﱪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻠﻌﺐ ﺑﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﻛﺸﺘﺒﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ،ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺡ(( :ﺍﻟﺸِﺠﺎﺭ :ﻋَﻮْﺩ ﺍﳍـﻮﺩﺝ
ﳜﱮﺀ ﰲ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﺎ ﻛﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﻮﺵ ﻭﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﻮﺵ )ﺃﻱ :ﲨﻠﻪ ﺍﳌُﺴﻦّ( ،ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ :ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺮﻛـﺐ
ﻭﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﻼﻥ. ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﳍﻮﺩﺝ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﻓﻼﻥ ﺧﻮٓﺵ ﺑﻮٓﺵ ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺳﻄﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﻗـﺪﳝﺎً
ﻟﻠﱪﻳﺪ ﻷﺎ ﺁﻟﺔ ﲪﻠﻪ.
١٩٥
ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮﻱ ﺍﳌﻘﺼﺐ ﻳﻌﺘﻢ ﺑـﻪ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﻮٓﺵ – ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﻮٓﺵ ﻓﲑﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺎ :ﺍﳋﺎﱄ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ﻭﺑﻌﺾ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺘﻄﺮﻓﺔ. ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺷﻴّﺎﺕ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﻮٓﺵ.
ﻭﺻﺎﻧﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺩﻳـﻞ ﻭﺑﺎﺋﻌﻬـﺎ ﻳﺴـﻤﻮﻧﻪ: ﺑﻮٓﺵ :ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺑﺪﻭ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻴﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺑـﻞ،
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺷﻲ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻠﺔ ﺗﺮﻋـﻰ ،ﺃﻱ:
ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺷﻲ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﻮﻥ. ﺍﳋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲪـﺎﻝ ،ﻭﺿـﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻀـﻌﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻٔﻠَﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻِﻠﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘﻮﺻﻮﻟﻪ ﻋـﻦ ﻭﺍﳌﻀﻬﻮﺭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :BUSSOLA :ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺫﻭ ﺇﺑﺮﺓ ﳑﻐﻨﻄﺔ ﺗﺘﺠﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻮّﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺎﺵ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ،ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺎ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺕ ،ﻳﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺗـﺮﺍﻙ: ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭّﻝ ،ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ
))ﻗﺒﻠﺔ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ((. ﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﻮّۤﺵ ،ﻳﺎﺍﷲ ﺑﻮّۤﺵ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒـﻮﻳﺶ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﳊِﻚّ ،ﻭﻋﺮـﺎ ﺍﺑـﻦ ﺃٕﱄ ﻣﻮ ﺃٕﻟﻚ ،ﺃٕﻧﺘۤﻪ ﺗﺒﻮﻳﺸﺘﻚ ﻣﺎﻫِﻲْ ﻣﻈﺒﻮﻃٔﺔ...
ﺧﻠﺪﻭﻥ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً :ﺍﻟﻘَﻨْﺒﺎﺹ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺴﲔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.... ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ :ﺗْﺒﻮﱠﺵ.
ﻭﻳﻈﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺃﺎ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺻـﻞ :ﻣُﻮﺻَـﻠَﺔ، ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺵ ﻭﺑﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﺒﻮﺵ.
ﻭﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻓﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺒﻬﺎ :ﺑُﺼْﻠَﺔ. ﺑﻮٓﺵ ﺑﻮﻏﺎﺯ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻔﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﻍ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ :ﺭﺍ ﻫﻨﺎﻣَﺞ. ﻻﻃﺎﺋﻞ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ ،ﻗﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻹﺑﺮﺓ. ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﺷﺎﺭ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟـﺬﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺼـﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﺗﻔـﺮﻁ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﲔ ﳓـﻮ ﺳـﻨﺔ ﻭﲢﻤﺺ ﻓﺘﻨﻔﺶ ،ﻭﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒْﺸﺎﺭ ،ﱂ ﳒـﺪ
١١١٥ﻕ.ﻡ. ﻟﻪ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒِﺸﺎﺭﺓ ،ﺫﻟـﻚ ﺃﻧـﻪ ﳛﻤﺼـﻪ
ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﺻﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :POUCE :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺴﻬﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﻤﺎﰐ ﰲ ﺃﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻒ ﺣﲔ ﳚﻒ ،ﻭﻇﻬﻮﺭﻩ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ.POLLEX : ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﰲ ﺃﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺃﻳﻠﻮﻝ ﻳﺒﺸﺮ ﲟﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﳋﺮﻳﻒ :ﻣﻮﺳـﻢ
ﺗﻌﺪﻝ ٤.٢٥ﻡ ﻡ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً. ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻁ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BOTTEﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻉ ﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﺼﻪ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨـﺔ ﲢﻤﺼـﻪ
ﺍﻷﺣﺬﻳﺔ ﺍﳉﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻈﺔ ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﻨـﺪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻭﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﻫﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﺘﻨﺒﻌـﺚ
ﻭﻏﲑﻫﻢ. ﻣﻨﻪ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﺫﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﺬﻳﺬ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻮﺍﻁ ﻭﺑﻮٓﻃﺎﺕ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺷﻨﺎﻕ :ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺳﻨﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻘﺎﻥ – ﻛﻤـﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺮﻱ ﻳﺴﻤﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ –.
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻁ )ﳜﻴﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﻢ ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ(. ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺷﻴّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜـﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﭘﻮٓﺷِـﻲ :ﺍﻟﻠﺒـﺎﺱ،
ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﻁ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺑُﻮﻁ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻭﻗـﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﻄـﺎﺀ ،ﺍﻟﻄـﺮﺑﻮﺵ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴـﺔ :ﺑُـﻮﺵْ،
ﰲ ﻣﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺗﻠﻒ ﻭﺧﻄﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻁ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺑﺪﻭ ﺣﻠﺐ
ـﺎﺭ ﻳﻘ ــﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﻨ ــﻢ ﻓﻴﺒﻴ ــﺪﻫﺎ،
ـﺮﺽ ﺳـ ﻣـ
ﻳـﺰﻋﻤـﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﳌـﺮﺽ ﺳـﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﺳـﻢ
١٩٦
ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﻉ] :ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺑﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﻛﻮﻋﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮﻋﻮ: ﺣﺸﻴﺸﺔ ﺳﺎﻣﺔ ﺗﺪﻋﻰ ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﻁ ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ﻓﺘﺒﻮﻁ ﺃﻱ:
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﺪّ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ. ﻓﻴﻠﺤﻘﻬﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﲰﻬﺎ .ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺗﻠـﻒ ﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻥ
ﺑٔﻮّٔﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮّﻉ ﰲ ﺳﲑﻩ :ﻣﺪّ ﺑﺎﻋﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﳎﺎﺯ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻣﺪّ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴـﺒﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻴﺘﻘـﺪﻡ، ﺑﻮّٔﻁ – :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻁ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ – ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﻮّﻃﺖ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ))ﺩﻕّ(( ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ :ﺣﺮّﻙ ﺭﺟﻠﻴﻪ. ﺗﺒﻮﻳﻂ ﻭﺍﳌﺒﻮْﻃٔﺔ ﺑﺘﻌﺪِﻱ ﺍﳌﺎﻫﻲ ﻣﺒﻮﻃﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻢ ﺑـﺪﻕّ ﻭﺑﺒـﻮّۤﻉ، ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻃﲔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﺗﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ:BOTTINE :
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺴﺒﺢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﻭﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﻃﻴّﺒﺔ. ﺍﳊﺬﺍﺀ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺯﺭﺍﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻁ.
ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﻏﺎﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﻏﺎﺯ :ﺍﳌﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻀـﻴﻖ ﺑـﲔ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﳌُﻮﻕ ﻭﺍﳋُﻒّ،
ﺟﺒﻠﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻖ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺑـﲔ ﺑـﺮّﻳﻦ :ﺍﳌﻀـﻴﻖ، ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺕ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺗﲔ.
ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺻﻞ ﺑﲔ ﲝﺮﻳﻦ :ﺍﻟﱪﺯﺥ ،ﺍﳋﻠﻴﺞ. ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﻅ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺑﻮﺯ :ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺍﻤّﺪ ،ﺍﳉﻠﻴﺪ ،ﺍﻟﻴَﺦّ*.
ﻭﻫﻲ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﳎﺎﺯ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻪ :ﺍﳊﻠﻘـﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻇﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻇﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻇﺎﻳـﺔ،
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻮﺵ ﺑﻮﻏﺎﺯ. ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﻮﻇﺎﻳﺎﺕ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻏﺎﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻮﻏﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﻭﺑﻮﺍﻏﻴﺰ. ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺮﻃﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻤﺪﺓ :ﻋﻨﱪ ﺑﻮﻅ،
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻓﻴۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BUFFET :ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺑﻴﻠﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻇﺔ.
ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﺦ ﻭﻳﻮﺿﻊ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﺎﺟﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺎﺳـﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ :ﺑﻮّﻅ ﻫﻮّۤﻩ ﻭﺑـﻮّﻅ
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻮﻥ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ. ﻏﲑﻭ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻮﻓۤﻴﺎﺕ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺸﺄﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﳉﻠﻴﺪ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ )) :ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﺍﺎ((
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ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﻏﲑﻩ :ﺍﳋَﻮَﺭْﻧَﻖ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻛﺴﻮﺭﻳّۤﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻕ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻱ ﻟﻶﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻳﻨﻔﺦ ﺎ
ﺑٔﻮّٔﻙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡَ :ﺳﺮﻗﻬﻢ ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻮﻋﺰ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﺃﻭ ﳜﱪﻫﻢ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻭﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ ﻭﳓﻮﻩ. ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺦ ﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮّﺍﻕ.
ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﻀﻌﻴﻒ :ﺑﺎﻙ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺳﺮﻕ ﰲ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺑﻮّﻕ ﻭﺗﺒﻮّﻕ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ،ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ :ﻻ ﺗﺒـﻮﻙ ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺩﻓﻬﺎ :ﺑﺮﻇﺎﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻻﲣﺎﻑ. ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻕ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﻭﺍﲣﺬﻭﻩ ﻣﻦ
ﺳﺄﻝ ﺧﺎﻟﺪ ﺍﳋﻄﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻓﻴﺼﻞ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻐﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ.
ﺩﻣﺸﻖ :ﺑﺘﺄﻣﺮﻭﺍ ﺷﻲ؟ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻳﻨﻔﺨـﻮﻥ ﺑـﺎﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﰲ ﻋﻴـﺪ ﳍـﻢ
– ﻻ ﺷﻲ ،ﺑﺲ ﺑﺎﮔﻮﺍ ﱄ ﺳﺠﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ. ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺗۤﻘٔﻊ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺑﺪﻭ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﻫَﻢْ ﺑﻮّﺍﻙ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﻗﺎﻟۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻗﺎﻝ :ﻛﻮﺯ ﺑﻼ ﻋﺮﻭﺓ ،ﻋﻦ
ﭼﺬّﺍﺏ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ. ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ.VAVKALION :
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﮔٔﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﻮﻛﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻗﺘِﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﺮﻗﻘﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻑ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﻮﺁﻟﺔ.
ﲞﺪﻋﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻗﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻌﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻘﺘﻠﻮﻩ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ.BOCCALE :
ﻇﻠﻤﺎً. ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﻛﺎﺭﺍ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎ ﻳﺘﻮﻛﺆﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﳍﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻝ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺑﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ،ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻘﺒﺾ ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻑ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻮﻙ(( ﻭﻣﺼـﺪﺭﻩ
ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻔﺮﺯﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻮﺗﺎﻥ ﻳﻨﺪﻓﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻧﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﺣﻠﻴـﻞ، ))ﺑﻮﻛﻤﻚ(( :ﺍﳊَﻨْﻲ ،ﺍﻟﺜﲏ ،ﺍﻟﻌَﻄـﻒ ،ﺑﻌـﺪﻫﺎ ))ﺭﺍ((:
ﺃﻭ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺯ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﻊ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﺪﻡ ﻣـﺎﻻ ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻤﻌـﲎ ﺑﻮﻛـﺎﺭﺍ:
ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﺠﺴﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺍﶈﻨﻴّﺔ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ]ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑـﺪّﻱ ﺃﺩﻳـﺮ ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﻛﺎﻳۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BOUQUET :ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ.
ﺑﻮﱄ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻳﺎﺑﻮٓﻝ ،ﻳﺘﻈـﺎﻫﺮﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻭﲨﻌﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻛﺎﻳﺎﺕ.
ﺃﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ)) :ﺑﺎﱄ(( ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ)) :ﻳﺎﺑﻮ!((. ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﻮٓﻟﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮٓﻟﻮٓ. ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﻛۤﺮ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﭘﻮﻛۤﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﻮﻝ ﺍﳉﻤﺎۤﻝ :ﻛٕﻠْﻤﺎ ﻟﻮٓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻛْﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ BOXING :ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:
ﻟَﻮﺭﺍ )ﺑﻮﻝ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻮﺭﺍﺀ(. :BOXﺍﻟﻀﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻘﺒﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ،ﺍﳌﻼﻛﻤﺔ.
ﻭﻳﺼﻔﻮﻥ ﺑﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺔ ﻹﻃﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﳝﺮّﻍ ﺑﻪ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻛﺴﻮﺭ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ:BOXEUR :
ﻭﰲ ))ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩﻱ(( ﺹ: ١٣٩ ﺍﳌﻼﻛﻢ.
ﺃﺳﺘﻨﺸﻘﻚ ﻓﻼ ﺃﻋﻄﺴﻚ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺤﻴﻢ ،ﻭﺃﺷﺮﺑﻚ ﻓﻼ
ﺃﺑﻮﻟﻚ ﺇﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﻁ.
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ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﻻ :ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ،ﻭﺑﻪ ﲰﻲ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺭﻳﲔ. ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘُﻮﻝ ،ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـﺔ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓَﻮْﻝ ﻭﻓَﻮْﻻٓ ﻭﻓَﻮْﻟﻮٓﺱ ،ﻭﻣـﻦ :BOLLOﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﱄ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻱ.
ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ .PAULUS ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑْﻮﺍﻝ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﳜﺘﺼﺮ ﻓﻴﻘﺎﻝ :ﭘﻮٓﻝ .PAUL :ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ :ﺍﻟﻄـﺎﺑَﻊ،
ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﻟﺼﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺼﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘﻮٓﻟﻴﭽﻪ ﻋـﻦ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ.
ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :POLIZZAﺍﳊﻮﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﻄﺮﻳـﻖ ﺍﻟﱪﻳـﺪ، ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻋﻄﻴﺔ :ﻭﺃﻟﻴﻖ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻮﻟﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻦ. ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻴﺢ :ﺍﻟﻄِﺮﺍﺯ :ﺟـ ﻃُﺮُﺯ ،ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑـﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻮﺍﻟﺺ ﻭﺑﻮﻟﻴﺼﺎﺕ. ﺍﳊﻮﺭﺍﱐ.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ :ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﻧﺔ. ﻭﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﻬـﺪ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟْﻤﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ :PULLMAN :ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟـﺔ ﻟﻮﻳﺲ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ.
ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺧﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﻤﺎ. ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻉ ﰲ ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ﻋـﺎﻡ
ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺷﺨﺺ. .١٨٤۰
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻟﻮٓﱐ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ،ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻮﱐ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﳍﻢ ﻭﻟﻊ ﲜﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﻗﺪﳝﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻮﱐ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ. ﻭﺣﺪﻳﺜﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻳﻌﺘﺰﻭﻥ ﲟﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﻢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ﺣﺎﻓﻠـﺔ
ـﺔ:ـﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـ ـﺎ :ﻣـ
ـﻪ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺘﻴﻜـ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻟﻴﺘﻴﻜٔـ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻮﺍﺩﺭ.
،POLITICAﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ POLITIQUE :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ: ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻻﺩ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﭘﻮﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ
ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺭﺍﺓ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ. POULADﺃﻭ ﭘٓﻼﺩ :ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ،ﻭﻣﺼﺎﺻﻪ ﺃﻱ :ﺧﺎﻟﺼﻪ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﻮﻟﻴﺘﻴﻜﻪ ﺟـﻲ :ﻳﺴـﻮﺱ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﻌﻘﻮﺏ ﺻﺮﻭﻑ :ﺍﻟﺼَﻠْﺐ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ،ﻳﺪﺍﺭﻳﻬﻢ ،ﻳﺘﻤﻠﻘﻬﻢ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓَﻠْﺬٓﺍ ﻭﻓﻮﻟﺪٓﺍ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻟﻴﺲ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﻧﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺺ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ: ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﻓۤﻠۤﺪ.
POLICEﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺭﺟﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ،ﺍﻟﺸُﺮﻃﻲ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻣﺎﻋَﻨﺪﻱ ﻣﺼـﺎﺭﻱ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﻲ. ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻩ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻘﺴﻢ ﺑﺄﻭﻻﺩﻩ ﻭﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺒـﻮﻻﺩ
ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠـﺪ ،ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨـﺔ ،ﰒ ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ.
ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻭﲪﺎﺗﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ :ﺱ ١ﻋﺪﺩ ٤٣ﺹ.٣۰
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺴـﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮـﺎ: ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻟﺸَﻔﻴﻚ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒُﻠﺸﻔﻴﻚ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﻏﻠﺒﻴﺔ،
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺼﻴﺔ. ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼـﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ :ﺍﻟﺸُـﺮْﻃﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ :ﺑﻠﺸﻒ ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗﺒﻠﺸﻒ،
ﺍﻟﺸُﺮَﻃﻲ. ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﺸﻔﺔ.
ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ :ﺍﻟﺸِـﺤﻨﺔ ﺑﻮﻟٓﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ،ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﻲ.
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ﺑﻮّٔﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻡ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺑـﻮّﻡ، ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ :ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﻲ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺌﺎً ،ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ :ﺗْﺒﻮّﻡ. ﻭﺍﳉﻠﻮﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺆﺭﻭﺭ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻣﺒٔﺎﺭﺩﻭﻣﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:BOMBARDEMENT : ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺸُﺮْﻃﻲ.
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻗﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﺑﻞ. ﻭﰎّ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤـﺎﻧﻴﲔ ﺳـﻨﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻣﺒٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ BOMBA :ﲟﻌﲎ ١٢٩٦ﻫ.
ﺍﳌﻜﻮّﺭ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻭﻳﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﳌـﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒُﻮﻡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻃﺎﺋﺮ ﻳﺴـﻜﻦ ﺍﳋـﺮﺍﺏ ﻭﻳﻘﺘـﺎﺕ
ﺍﳌﻠﺘﻬﺒﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﺠﺮ. ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺤﻮﻡ ،ﻟﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ،ﺫﻭ ﺭﻳﺶ ﻧـﺎﻋﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺴـﻤﻊ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ١٦ﺍﲣﺬﺕ ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻫﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺪ ﻟﻄﲑﺍﻧﻪ ﺻﻮﺕ.
ﺍﳍﻮﻻﻧﺪﻳﲔ. ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻣَﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ ،ﻭﻗـﺪ ﻳﻄﻠـﻖ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻋﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ: ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻣﺔ ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺜﻰ.
–ً ١ﺃﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺍﻟﺼـﻠﻴﺒﻴﲔ، ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻮَﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻣﺎﺕ.
ﻭﺃﺛﺮﻫﺎ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑﻮٓﻣﺐ. ﻭﻳﺘﺸﺎﺀﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﻜﻦ ﺍﳋﺮﺍﺏ.
–ً ٢ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻋﻬﺎ ﺿﺎﺑﻂ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ .١٤٥٢ ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ،ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﻮﻡ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻳﺴـﻤﻰ :ﺃﻡ
–ً ٣ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻋﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻋﻴـﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﻧﺴـﺎ ﻋـﺎﻡ ﻗﻮﻳﻖ.
.١٥٨٨ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺯﳌﺔ ﺑﻮﻡ ﻭﻣﺮﺗـﻮ ﺑﻮﻣـﺔ
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻮﻣﺒٔﺎﺕ. ﻭﺷﻐﻠﻮ ﺑﻮﻡ ﻭﺑﻀﺎﻋﺘﻮ ﺑﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﺻﺤﺎﺑﻮ ﻛﻠّـﻦ ﺑُـﻮَﻡ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﲡﻴﻪ ﺑﻮﻣﺒﻪ. ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺒﺢ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻣﺒﻮٓﻥ :ﺃﻭ ﺑﻮﻧﺒﻮﻥ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ:BONBON : ﻭﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ :ﺑﻮّﻡ ﻭﺗﺒﻮّﻡ.
ﻗﻄﻊ ﺳﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﲤﺺّ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺑﻮﻣـﺔ،
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺑﻮﻣﺒﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻮﻧﺒﻮﻧﺎﺕ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪ ﺗَﻤﻨَﺎ )ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳۤﺔ ﺑﻮﻣۤﺔ(.
ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ BON :ﲟﻌـﲎ ﻣﺎﻳﺼـﻠﺢ، ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﻣﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﻣَﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻴﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺔ ،ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻳﻌﻤـﻞ ﻤـﺎ ﺣﺴـﺐ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺟ ١۰ﺹ.٢٨٥
ﻣﺪﻟﻮﳍﻤﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﳊﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻡ ﺑﺪﻟّﻚ ﻋﺎﳋﺮﺍﺏ،
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﻌﻄﻮﺍ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﳋﺒـﺰ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻡ ﺧﲑ ﻣﺎﻓﺎﺗﻮ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﺩ.
ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻮﻧﺎﺕ) ،ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻴﺪﺍ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻣۤﺔ ﺩﺍﺭۤﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺕ ﻣﺎﺷـﺎﻓﺖ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻃﺒﻌﺖ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺪﺑـﺔ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺁﻭﻻﺩﺍ )ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺧﺎ( ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﺒﻮﻣﺔ :ﻟﻴﺶ
ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﺎً ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﲟﺒﺎﻟﻎ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ.BON POUR : ﺭﺍﺳﻚ ﻛﺒﲑ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻦ :ﺷﻴۤﺨٔﻪ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻻ :ﻟﻴﺶ ﺩﻧﺒﻚ
ﺑﻮٓﳒﻮﺭ :ﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻴـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ ﻗﺼﲑ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻦ :ﻓﺮﳜﻪ.
.BONJOURﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺑﻮﳒﻮﺭﻧﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺻـﺎﺣﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻣـﺔ ﻻﺯۤﻡ
ﺍﻟﺒﻮﳒﻮﻕ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﳒﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﱪﳒﻚ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ: ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻨﺎ ﺧﲑ ﻫﺎﻟﻠﻴﻠﺔ.
ﺑﻮﳒﻮﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻮﳒﻖ :ﺍﳋﺮﺯ.
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ﻟﻠﺤﻮﻕ ﺗﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻧْﻂ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻂ.
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻮﻳﺘﺎﺕ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻫﻴﻤﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BOHEMIEN :ﺍﶈﺮﺭ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒُﻮَﻳﻀَﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﺍﳋﻠﻴـﺔ ﺗﻘﺎﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺘﻤﻊ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻐﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﲔ ﰲ ﺍﺮ:
ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﺳﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻧﺜﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﳊُﻴَﻲّ ﺍﳌﻨﻮﻱ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺍﳌـﺬﻛﺮ، ﺣﻴﺎﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻗﺺ ﻭﺍﳊﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻨﺎﺀ.
ﺗﺘﻀﺨﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻳﻀﺔ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻘﻴﺢ ،ﰒ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﺧﻠﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺧﻼﻳـﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻳَﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻳﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﻳﺎﻍ :ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺀ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ،
ﺃﺧﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳉﻨﲔ. ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺼﺒﻎ ﺎ ﺍﻷﺣﺬﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻮَﻳﻀﺎﺕ. ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ.
ﺑﻮٓﻳﻠَﻪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣﻜَـﻰ ﱄ ﺑﻮﻳﻠَـﻪ ﺑﻮﻳﻠَـﻪ ،ﺃﻭ ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﺼﺒﻎ ﺍﻷﺣﺬﻳﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮٓﻳﺎﺟﻲ
ﺳﺎﻭَىﻠﻲ ﺑﻮﻳﻠﻪ ﺑﻮﻳﻠﻪ ،ﻻﺗﺮﺩ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻜﺮﺭﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ: ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺟﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻳَﺠﻲ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻳﺎﺟﻴّﺔ.
ﺑﻮﻳﻠَﻪ :ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ،ﻛﺬﺍ ،ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ )ﻭﻳﺆﺷّﺮ(. ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻳﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﻮﻳۤﻴﺖ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﺎ :ﺑۤﻴﻠَﻪ ﺑۤﻴﻠَﻪ. ﻗﻨﺪﺭﰐ ،ﳓﻨۤﻪ ﺑﻮﻳﻴﻨﺎ ،ﺃﻧۤﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﻳﻴﺖ ،ﺃﻧﱵ ﺑـﻮﻳﻴﱵ ،ﺃﻧﺘـﻮ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻮﻳﻠﻪ ﺑﻮﻳﻠﻪ. ﺑﻮﻳﻴﺘﻮ ،ﻫﻮّۤﻩ ﺑﻮﻳﺎ ،ﻫﻴّﻪ ﺑﻮﻳۤﺖ ،ﻫﻨّﻦ ﺑﻮﻳﻮﺍ ،ﻭﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﲔ. ﻋﻢ ﺑَﺒﻮﻳﻲ ،ﻋﻢ ﻧﺒﻮﻳﻲ ،ﻋﻢ ﺗْﺒﻮﻳﻲ )ﺃﻳﻀﺎً( ﻋﻢ ﺗْﺒﻮﻳﻮﺍ،
ﺑﻮﻳﻮﺭﺩِﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ))ﺷَﺮﱠﻑ(( ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻋﻢ ﺑْﺒﻮﻳﻲ ،ﻋﻢ ﺗْﺒﻮﻳﻲ ،ﻋﻢ ﻳْﺒﻮﻳﻮﺍ.
ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻣﻪ ﻓﺠﻌﻠﻮﻩ ﺍﲰﺎً. ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺗﺒﻮﻳﺎ.
ﰊ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻭﺭﻳﻔﻴﻮ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﭼـﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ.
ﰊ ﻋﻨﺪﻭ ﻏﻨﻢ ﻭﻫﺎﳊﻆ ﻻ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻨـﺪﻩ )ﰲ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻠﺒﻮﻳﺎ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ :ﺍﻟﲑﻧـﺪَﺝ ﺃﻭ
ﻋﻨﺪﻩ( ﻏﻨﻢ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ ﻻ ،ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ))ﰊ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﺭﻧﺪَﺝ :ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺩ ﻳﺴﻮّﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﳋﻒ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ.
))ﰲ((. ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ :ﺍﻟﺼِﺒﻎ :ﳌﺎ ﻳﺘﺨﻠﻞ
))ﰊْ((
ﺍﻟﺒۤﻲْ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻳﺎﺑۤﻲْ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ :ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴﻚ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﳉﺴﻢ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻼﺀ :ﳌﺎ ﻳﻌﻠﻮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﳉﺴﻢ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻚ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺭﺍﺱ )ﻭﻳﺸﲑ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻲّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺼﻐﲑ ﺍﻷﺏ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺃﻭ ﺭﺃﺱ ﻏﲑﻩ( ﻣﺎﻫﻮ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺑﻮﻳﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﻣﺮﺣﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺒَﻲّ. ﺍﻟﺒْﻮﻳۤﺘۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴـﺖ ﺍﻟﻄـﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟـﺪﺍﺟﻦ
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻠﻌﻦ ﺑﻴّﻮ ﻭﰊّ ﺑﻴّﻮ. ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻳﻀﻤﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺃﻧﺜﺎﻩ ﻭﻓﺮﺍﺧﻪ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻖ ﺗﺼﻐﲑ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺣﻂ ﺧﺒﺰَﻙ ﺑﺎﻟﭽﻨﻄﻲ ﺧﻴّـﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻴَﻴْﺖ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒْﻮﻳﺘﺔ :ﺳـﻜّﻨﻮﺍ ﺑـﺎﺀﻩ
ﺑﻴّﻚ ﻻﺗَﻌﻄﻲ. ﻭﻗﻠﺒﻮﺍ ﻳﺎﺀﻩ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻭﺍﻭﺍً ﻭﺟﻌﻠـﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻴـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺜــﺎﻧﻴﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﻢ[: ﳑـﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﻣـﺪّ ﺇﻣﺎﻟـﺔ ﻭﺃﻣﺎﻟـﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﺧـﲑﺓ
ﻋﺮﻳﺴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺐ ﻧٕﺤﻨۤﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﰲ ﺣﻴّﻚ
ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻋﺎﱄ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﰲ ﻓَﻴّﻚ
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ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﳌﺴـﺘﻤﺪ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳊـﺪﻳﺚ ﺳﺄﻟﺖ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎ ﳜﻠﻴﻚ ﻟﺒﻴّﻚ
ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺽ ﻧﺺّ ﺍﳊﺴْﻦ. ﻣﻊ ﻃﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﻟﻸﺣﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﳋﻴّﻚ
– ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﺽ ﰲ ﻭﺭﻕ – ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﺎﺗِﻲ :ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﺎﺕ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺎﰐ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﲡﻮﺯ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﺽ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﺎ ،ﲰﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﻴﻠـﺔ
ﻣﺴﻮﺩﺓ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺕ ،ﻷﻥ ﻏﻨﺎﺀﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﺜﲑﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻡ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ،ﺑﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻟﺒـﻴﺾ، ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﺎﺩَﻩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘَﻴﺎﺩﻩ :ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻲ ﺭﺍﺟﻼً ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ:
ﻃﻠﻊ ﺑﺒﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻟﻮﭺ ،ﻣَﻀﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﺽ. ﺳﻮﺍﺭِﻱ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ :ﭘِﻴـﺎﺩۤﻩ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻻﺻـﻄﻼﺡ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﺽ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻱ :ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺓ.
ﻻﺩﻳﻦ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻱ :ﺻﻔﺤﺘﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴـﺎﻡ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺑَﻴﺪَﻕ(( ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻄﺮﻧﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻞ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩ.
ﲟﺎ ﻳﻔﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ. ﻭﲨﻴﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﲑ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺍﳉـﻮﺯ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﻨﻔﺴﺞ ))ﮔﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﺩﻩ(( ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟّﻞ.
ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ :ﻳﺎﻋﻴﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﺿﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻗﻠﻴﺐ ﺍﳉﻮﺯ!. ﻭﻳﺪﺍﱐ ﺑﻴﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﻹﻓﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ PIETON :ﲟﻌـﲎ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﺎﺿﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻃٕﻠۤﻊ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋﻴﻨـﻮ ﺑﻴﺎﺿـﺔ، ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻲ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﻐﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﳛﺪﺙ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺑﺆ ﻓﻴﺤـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒَﻴّﺎﺭﺓ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﺃﺧـﺬﺍً
ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻄﻴﻨﻴﲔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺑﺪﻭﻳﺎً ﺃﻭ ﺭﻳﻔﻴﺎً ﻋﻦ ﻗﺮﻳـﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﺎﻥ:
ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺒﻮﻧﻪ :ﻋﻨﺪ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻴﺎﺿﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﺘﻞّ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ. –ً ١ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑِﻲ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺳـﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺼـﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀـﺎﺀ: ﲟﻌﲎ ﺩﻭﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﺁﺭﻩ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻـﻠﺔ ،ﺃﻱ:
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺿﺔ. ﺍﳌﻜﺘﻈّﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴّﺎﺿﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺟﻴۤﺠﺔ ﺑﻴّﺎﺿﺔ :ﺻﻴﻐﺔ –ً ٢ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﺎﻳٕﺮ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﻠـﺔ
ﺍﳌﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺿﺖ. ﰲ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺍﳉﺒﻞ ﲢﻮّﻝ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺇﱃ ﻣـﺰﺍﺭﻉ ﻭﻛـﺮﻭﻡ ﻷﻥ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴّﺎﺿﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ ﺑـﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﲪـﺮ ﺃﺭﺿﻬﺎ ﺭﻳّﺎ.
ﻭﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ،ﻭﰲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ: ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﺎﺳِﻲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺯﻧﺒﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﺳِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋـﻮﺹ
–ً ١ﺃﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﳐﺘﺼﺔ ﺑﺒﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﰲ ﺧﺎﺎ ﻳﻠﻔﺤﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺮﺯ ،ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺑﺎﻳﺎﺱ :ﺑﻠﻴﺪﺓ ﺑـﲔ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ،ﻳﺒﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﻳﻮﻥ ﻭﻫـﻲ ﺗﺒﻴـﻊ ﻣﺎﺭﺳﲔ ﻭﺇﺳﻜﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ.
ﺍﻷﻫﺎﱄ. – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﺑـﻴﺾﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺽ :ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠﺴﻮﺍﺩ
ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻋﺪﺩ ٤ﺹ :٩٤ﺍﻟﺒَﻴّـﺎﺽ: ﻭﺗﺒﻴﺾ – ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺽ.
ﳏﺘﺮﻑ ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﻻﺗّﺠـﺎﺭ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳـﻮﺍﻕ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻟﻔﻆ :ﺑﻴﺎﻅ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴّﺎﺿﺔ )ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻓﺎﺱ(.
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ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭ ))ﻧﺎﻣﻪ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ –ً ٢ﺃﻥ ﺃﺭﺿﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﻠﻂ ﺣﻮّﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ:
ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ. ﺷﺄﻥ ﺗﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﲜﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﻴﺎﻧﻮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :PIANO :ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ))ﺮﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ(( :ﺟ ٢ﺹ.٣٨۰
ﺃﺯﺭﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻠّﻢ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ ،ﻳﻜـﺒﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ –ً ٣ﺃﺎ ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺿـﻲ
ﺑﺎﻷﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﻓﺘﺄﺫﻥ ﻟﻠﻬﻮﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﻜﻨﻮﺯ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻠﻄﻢ ﻣﺒﻌـﺚ ﺍﳌﺪﻓﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻬﺎ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻻ
ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﺭ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ – ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﻜـﻲّ
ـﻞ
ـﺎﱄ ﺃﻭﺍﺋـ
ـﺘﻮﻓﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻹﻳﻄـ ـﻪ ﻛﺮﻳﺴـ
ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻋـ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺿﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ.١٨ –ً ٤ﺃﺎ ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﳝﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ،
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺕ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺎﻥ. ﺍﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴّﺎﺿﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻻﻋﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟـﺔ :ﻻ ﻭﻳﻠﻘﺐ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴّﻮﻥ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺿﺔ ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ:
ﺗﻠﻌﺐ ﻣﻊ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻷﻧّﻮ ﺑﻠﻌﺐ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻮ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺻـﺎﺑﻌﻪ ﺷٕﺤّۤﺎﻃﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻮﺝ ،ﻭﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻮﺝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬـﺪ
ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ ﰲ ﺳﺮﻗﺔ ﺍﻷﺣﺠﺎﺭ ﻛﺄﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﺯﻑ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﲰﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺑﺮ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻑ. ﻭﻳﺼﻔﻬﻢ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﱪﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﳌﺰﺍﺝ.
ﺑَﻴﺎﻧﻮﻥ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺃﻋﺰﺍﺯ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ: ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺿﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺘﻪ
ﺑﻴﺖ ﻧﻮﻥ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻚ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ: ﺹ ٨۰ﻗﺎﻝ:
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٥ ﰲ ﺣﺮﻡ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴّﺎﺿﻪ
ﻭﻳﻠﻘﺒﻮﺎ :ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻮﻥ ))ﺍﳌْﻄَﺒْﻠۤﺔ(( ﻷﻥ ﺃﺭﺿﻬﺎ ﺭِﺧﻮﺓ ﺷﺨﺺ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺩﻓﲔ( ﻫﻨﺎ ﺟﺜﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﺗﺎﺿﻪ
ﲢﺪﺙ ﺻﻮﺗﺎً ﻟﺪﻯ ﻭﻃﺌﻬﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻴَﺎﺿﻴّۤﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣﻨﻄﺔ ﺑَﻴَﺎﺿﻴّﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺫﺍﺕ
ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺌَﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﺍﳌَﱰِﻝ. ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﻤّۤﺎﺭﻳّۤﺔ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺌﺎﺕ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻴّﺎﻉ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺒﻴﻊ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ﳜﻄﻰﺀ ﻓﻴﻘـﻮﻝ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﺌَـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴّﺎﻉ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻉ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﺌَﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺻﻮﺍﺎ :ﻛﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗﺰﻋﻠﻲ ﻳﺎﺟﺎﺭﻩ! ﺍﻟﺒﻴّﺎﻉ ﻟﺴّﺎﻩ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ. ﰲ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PIPE :ﺍـﺮﻯ :ﻭﰲ ﲪـﺎﺓ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﺓ :ﺃﻟﻒ ﺑﻴّﺎﻉ
ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟَﻔْﻞِ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻋﻮﺭﺓ ﺃﻱ :ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮﻓﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ. ﻭﻻ ﺷﺮّﺍ.
ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺒﺎﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑﻦ :ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ ﺗﺮﺻـﻒ ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﺎﻥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻓﺼﺎﺡ.
ﺃﻟﻮﺍﺣﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻃﺒﺨﻪ ﻭﺗﻘﻄﻴﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺟﺪﺍﺭ ،ﻭﺑـﲔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ.
ﻛﻞ ﻟﻮﺡ ﻭﺁﺧﺮ ﺣﻴّﺰ ﻟﻴﺘﺨﻠﻠـﻪ ﺍﳍـﻮﺍﺀ ﻭﳚــﻒّ، ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻧٔﺎﻣٔﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻹﻋـﻼﻥ،
ﻭﺑﻴﺒـﺎﺭ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴـﺔ)) :ﺑِـﻲ(( ﲟﻌﻨـﻰ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﮕﻤﺮﻙ ﻋﻤﺎ ﳛﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮ.
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ﺑﻴۤﺖ. ﺃﻭ ﺑﻼ .ﻭ ))ﺑﺎﺭ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﻼﺀ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﻯ :ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻣﺘﻼﺀ
ﻭﻛﺜﲑﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ ﺗﺘﺼﺪﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺒـﺎ، ﺃَﻱ :ﻳﺘﺨﻠﻠﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻏﺎﺕ.
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻃﺎﺑﻊ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﻲ ﳚﺘﺰﺃ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﺒﺎﺀ ﺑﻴﺖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ. ﺑﻴۤﺒۤﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :BÉBÉ :ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ،ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﻟﻠﺪﺟﺎﺝ ﻟﺘﺪﺧﻞ ﻗﻨّﻬﺎ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.BABY :
ﺑﻴﺖ... ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺒَﻚ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺇﻳۤﻨﺎ ﺇۤﻳﻨﺎ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – :ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺒَﻚ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺃﻟﻮ ﻏﺒّۤﺔ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺒﱠّﺔ :ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻃﻨﺒﺖ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﰲ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻗﺎﻝ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ :ﺍﷲ ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻳﺮﺩﺩ
ﺍﷲ ﻳﺎﺑﻴﺖ ﺟﲑﺍﻧﻨﺎ!. ﺇﻃﺒﺎﻕ ﺷﻔﺘﻴﻪ ﳝﺮّﻥ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ،ﻓﻴﺤﺪﺙ ﻣـﻦ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ )ﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﳌﻦ ﺑﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻹﻃﺒﺎﻕ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺖ ﺍﳊﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻏﻢ ﺻﻮﺕ :ﺏ
ﻣﺄﺛﺮﺓ ﻃﻴﺒﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻋﺮﻳﻖ ﰲ ﺍﳌـﺂﺛﺮ(، ﺏ ﺏ .ﺇﺫﺍً ﻓﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺗﻪ.
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﻟـﻮ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺒﻮ.
ﺻﺎﺭ ﻫﻴﻚ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﺭﻓﻴﻌـﺎً ﻭﺫﺍ ﺷـﺄﻥ(، ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴﺒ ﻴّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍً ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺎً ﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺑﻴـﺒﱯ((
ﺧٔﺮٔﺏ ﺑﻴﺘﻮٓ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﳊﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺮﺭﺍً ﻓﺎﺩﺣـﺎً( ،ﻓـﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﺩﺩﻫـﺎ،
ﺍﳊﺒﺲ ﻣﺎﺑﺸﻮﻑ ﺧﺒﺰ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ،ﻋﻤﺮﻭٓ ﻣﺎﺷﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲪـﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﺎﺯ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻞ.
ﺣﻄﺐ ﻭﻭﺻۤﻞ ﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﺻﺤﺎﺑﻮ ،ﺿﺮّﻳﺐ ﻣﻨﺪﻝ ﺃﻋـﻮﺭ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﻣﺎﲝﻮّۤﺵ ﺧﺒﺰ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ،ﺑَﻌَﻠﻤﻚ ﻭﺑﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ. ﻭﻣﻨﲔ ﺃﺟﻴﺐ ﻟﻚ ﺻﺒﻴّﻪ ﻛﻮﻛﻴّــﻪ ﻭﺑﻴﺒﻴــﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺑﻔﻀﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻜْﺒﲑ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻜﻨّﺔ ﻗﻠﺒـﻲ ﻣﺘﻮﻟّۤﻊ ﻓﻴﻜٓـﻦْ ﻳﺎﺯﻏـﺎﺭ ﺍﷲ ﳜﻠﻴﻜٓـﻦ
ﻭﺍﻷﺟﲑ ،ﺷﻄﻮﻑ ﺑﻴﺘَﻚ ﻣـﺎﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻨـﻮ ﺑﺪﻭﺳـﻮ، ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻐﻨﻴﻬﺎ ))ﺳﺎﺭﻳﻨﺎ(( ﺍﳌﺼـﺮﻳﺔ ﻓـﺘﻔﱳ
ﻭﺧﺴﻮﻝ ﻭﭼّﻚ ﻣـﺎﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻨـﻮ ﺑﺒﻮﺳـﻮ ،ﻳـﺎﺑﻴﱵ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ.
ﻭﻳﺎﺑﻴﻮﺗﺎﰐ ﻭﻳﺎﻣﺴﺘﺮ ﻋﻴﻮﺑﺎﰐ! ،ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﻌﻤّﺮ ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴﺖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺴﻜﻦ ﻛﻠﻪ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻤّﺮ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃﻫﻠﻮ ،ﺣﺮﺍﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﺑﻨﺘﻄۤﺮ ،ﻋﺒـﺪ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﻋﺒَﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﺎﻕ ﻭﻻ ﻗﻤﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺟّﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ ﻭﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ :ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ،ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﻝ.
ﺭﲪۤﺔ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺟﺎﺏ ﻓﺤﻤۤﺔ ،ﻋﺠﻮﺓ ﺍﳋﺮﻧﻮﺑﺔ ﻃﻠﺒﺖ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻴﻮﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺳﻜّﻨﻮﺍ.
ﺭﺑّﺎ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍ ،ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﻣﺎ ﲞﻼ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﻀﺎﻡ ،ﺍﳌـﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴۤﺖ ﻭﺑﻴﻮﺕ.
ﺑﺸﺒﻊ ﺑﺒﻴﺘﻮ ﻣﺎﺑﺸﺒﻊ ﻋﺴﻔَﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ،ﻳﺎﻣﺮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻼّﻛـﻲ؟ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴّﺔ :ﺑِﺘﻮ.
ﺟﻮﺯﻙ ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﲪـﺎﻛﻲ ،ﻣﻄـﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘـﻮﺕ ﺑﺘﻬـﺪّ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑﻴۤﺖ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﻮﺕ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺱ ﻟﻮﻟﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻣﺮﺟﺎﻥ ﳎﺪّﺭﺓ ﺍﻟٕﱪٓﻏﻞ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻴْﺘﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻴْﺘَﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﳊﺒﺸﺔ:
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ﻹﻳﺪﻳﻜﻲ ،ﻻﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻃﺎۤﺳﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻴﺘـﻮ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻠﺘٔﻘﻰ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﻥ ،ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﺻﱯ
ﻣﻦ ﻗْﺰﺍۤﺯ ﻣﺎﺑﻨﻘّۤﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻏﲑﻭ ،ﻛﻞ ﺑﻴـﺖ ﻭﺃﻟـﻮ ﺣﺼﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻨّﺎ ،ﺃﺟﺖ ﻛﻨّﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺷﺎۤﺖ
ﺑﻠّﻮﻋﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺿﻴّﻖ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭ ﺭﻓّـﺎﺱ ،ﺑـﺎﻟﺒَﺮّ ﺩﻳـﻮﻙ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﲪﺎﻫﺎ ،ﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺮّﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭ ﻣﺎﺑﺴﻮﻯ ﻋﺼـﻔﻮﺭ،
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﻠﻮﻙ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺟْﻬﺎۤﺯۤﻙ ﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺃﻫﻠـﻚ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺃﻣﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺧﺒﺰﺗﻮ ﻣﺪﻫﻮﻧﺔ ﺑﺰﻳﺖ ،ﻛﻮٓﻝ ﺑﺒﻴـﺖ
ﻭﺍﺻۤﻞ ،ﻣﻨﺤﻄّﻮ ﺑﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﻼﻗﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺘﺒﺔ ،ﺑﺘﻠﻄّـﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩﻱ ﻭﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮﺍﱐ ،ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﻳﺎﺭﻳﺖ(( ﻋﻤﺮﺍ
ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﻂ ﳊﻴﻂ ﻭﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﺭﺑّﻲ! ﺗﻮﺻﻠﲏ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ،ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﻌﻤّۤﺮ ﺑﻴﺖ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃﺑﻮﻧﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﻘﻠّﻌﻮﻧﺎ ،ﺗْﻨۤﲔ
ﺟﺤﺎۤ ﺑَﻨّﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﲎ ﳊﺎﻟﻮ ﺑﻴﺖ ،ﺟﺤﺎ ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ﻋﺮﺱ. ﰲ ﻗﱪ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻨﲔ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺖ ،ﻋﺒّﻲ ﺑﻴﺘَـﻚ ﺍﺣﺠـﺎﺭ ﻭﻻ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺱ، ﺗﺴﻜّﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺟﺎﺭ ،ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻖ ﺑﺴﻊ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺯﺩﻳﻖ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺰّﻳﺔ
ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻗﺘّﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻘﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺸﻚ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳉـﲑﺍﻥ، ﻟﻠﻀﻴﻒ ﻭﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺃﻟﻮٓ ﺃﷲ ،ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﻴﻼﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻄّﺎﺱ
ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ ﺑﺒﲏ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﺒﻮ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﺘـﻞ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺟﺎﺭﻙ ﻣﺎﺑﻨﺪﺍﺱ ،ﺑﻄّﺎﻝ ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﻝ ،ﺣﺒﻴﱯ ﻟﻘﺎﱐ
ﺍﻟﻘﻤّﻴﻞ :ﻣﺎﺑْﺮﺩّ ﺷﻲ. ﻭﻟﻘﻴﺘﻮ ﺑﻘٔﻰ ﺃﺵ ﱄ ﲝﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ؟.
]ﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﻢ[: ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗٕﺪﺧﻞ ﺑﻴـﺖ ﻇﻨّـﺎﻥ ﻭﻻ
ﻳﺎﺳﺘﻨﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺮﻭﺱ! ﻗﻮﻣﻲ ﻧﺴﲑ ﻓﻴﻜﻲ ﺗﺎﻛﻞ ﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﻨّﺎﻥ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻄﻠّۤﻊ ﻋﻘﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﲞـﺮﺏ
ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﺑﻮﻛﻲ ﻭﺃﻣّﻚ ﻟﻌﻼﻟﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ،ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﻛۤﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻛﺒﲑ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﻋﺰﻳـﺰ ﻣﺎﺑﺼـﲑ ﳛﻂ ﺣﺠﺮ ﻛﺒﲑ ،ﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ ﻛـﺘﲑ ﻋـﺎﻟﻠﻲ
ﻳﺘﻜﻨّﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻜﻨّۤﺲ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﻜﻨّﺲ ﺭﺯﻗـﻮ، ﲟﻮﺕ ،ﻻﺗﻜﺘّﺮ ﺭﻭٓﺣﺘﻚ ﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺃﻫﻠﻚ ﺑﻜﺮﻫﻮﻙ.
ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻻﺯۤﻡ ﻳﺮﺷّﻮﺍ ﻣﻠﺢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﺒﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻓٕﺴْﻔٕﺴْﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﺪّۤﺓ ﺧﺮّﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﺕ
ﻭﳛﻄّﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﻜﻨﺴﺔ ﻓﻴّﺎ. ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺮﺓ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ :ﺍﻠﺪ ٩ﺹ :٧٣٧ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺪﺡّ ﻋﺎﳊﻴﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻭﺭﺏّ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒـﺔ )ﺃﻱ :ﺟﻬﺎﺯﻩ ﲦﲔ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺗـﻪ ﺑﺸـﻌﺔ( ،ﻛﺮﻳـﺖ
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﻴـﻖ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻜﺮﻳﺖ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻫﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻘﻴﺖ؟ )ﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻀـﻴﻒ
ﻳﺎﺭﺏّ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ!. ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ( ،ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎۤﱄ ﺑـﺒﲏ ﺑﻴــﻮﺕ
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻹﺑﺮۤﺓ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺤﻤﲑ ﺑﻴﻮﺕ ﻭﺑﻴـﻮﺕ ،ﺑﻴـﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺑّـﻮﻛﻲ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ :ﺍﳌﻘﺮّ ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻲ ﻟـﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳـﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻫـﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﻭﺧﻠّﻮﻛﻲ؟ ،ﺟـﻴّﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺘـﻮٓ ﻣﻨّـﺎﻥ
ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻭﺍﺷﻨﻄﻦ. ﻋﺎﳉﲑﺍﻥ ،ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻨّـﺔ ﻟﺒﻴـﺖ ﺍﲪﺎﻫﺎ :ﻃﻘّـﻮﺍ ﺃﻧﺎ
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺣﺎﺽ. ﺣﺒﻠۤﻰ ﻗﺎﻟـﻮﺍﻻ :ﺍﻟﺴﻬـﺮ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﻴﻜـﻲ ﻭ )ﺍﻟﻮﺳـﺦ(
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﻣّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﱪﳌﺎﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻁ ﻣﺎﺑٕﻄﻠﻊ ﻣﺄﺩّۤﻥ )ﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺄﺗﺄﺓ(. ﺑﻨﺖ ﺑۤﻴﺖ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺭﺍﺀ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﻴﻖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻨﺖ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺘﻴﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺧﻴﺎﺭﻩ. ﺑﻴﺖ ﺟﺎﻧْﺒﻼﻁ :ﺃﻭ ﺟﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﻻﺩ ﺃﻱ :ﺭﻭﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻻﺩ.
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﻴﺠﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﺔ :ﺹ.١٣۲
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ ﺑﺒﲏ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻡ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳊَـﺮﺍﻡ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫـﺎ:
ﻗﻠﺒﻮ. ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻟﻪ ﺣُﺮﻣﺔ ﻓﻼ ﳛﻞّ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻛﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻴـﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒـﻮﺕ ﻛـﺘﲑ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳊٕﻤۤﻰ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻﻳﺴـﻄﻮ
ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻤﻮﺕ. ﺍﳋﺼﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺣﺠﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ))ﻃﺎﺏ ﻭﺩﻙ(( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﻴﺖ ﻏﺰﺍﻟۤﺔ: ﺑﻴﺖ ﺧﺎﻟﺘﻮٓ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﳊﺒﺲ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎً ﻟﻪ ﺑﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﺔ :ﺹ.١٣٧ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺍﳋﺎﻟﺔ.
ﺑﻴﺖ ﻓﺴﺘٓﻖ :ﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﺣﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﺮﻑ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩﻫـﺎ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳋﻼ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺣﺎﺽ ،ﻷﻢ ﻛـﺎﻧﻮﺍ
ﻳﺘﺒﺎﺩﻟﻮﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺎﻣﻠﺔ. ﻳﺒﺘﻌﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﻜﻦ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳋﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺐ ،ﻭﻻﺻـﺤﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻓﺴﺘﻖ. ﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ :ﺃﺻﻠﻪ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳋﻠﺘۤﺔ.
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ :ﺃﻧﻔﺲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﰲ ]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[:
ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪ ﻛﻠﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﻴـﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺪ، ﺣﻴﻴﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳋﻼﺀ ﺑﻮﺭﻛﺖ ﻳﺎﻣَﺠﻠَﻰ ﺍﳍﻨﺎﺀ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻷﲰﻰ. ﻛﻢ ﺩﻛّﺔٍ ﳑﻨﻮﻋــﺔٍ ﺣُﻠّﺖ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺑﻼ ﺣﻴـﺎﺀ
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻮٓﺩ :ﻋﱪﻳﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺪٕﻛّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﳎـﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺪﻛـﺔ ﰲ
ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳌﺮﺣﺎﺽ. ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺍﻝ.
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﷲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻴْﺖ ﺍﷲ :ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ،ﻭﻛـﻞ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺭﺟﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ:
ﻣﺴﺠﺪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﺔ :ﺹ.١٣۲
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﺰﻳﻨﺔ. ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺸَﻌﺮ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮ
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻘﺪۤﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳉـﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻗﺼـﻰ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﻴﺘﺎً ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻋﻤـﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺱ. ﻓﺄﻛﺜﺮ.
ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳌٔﻲ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺸِﻌﺮ :ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺐ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﳌﺮﺣﺎﺽ. ﺍﳌﺼﺮﺍﻋﲔ :ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺠﺰ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻲ ﺣﻔﻴـﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻁ] :ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴـﺖ
ﺑﺘﻀﻞ ﺃﺟﺮﻳﻪ ﻧﺴّۤﻪ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻳﻮﻡ.
٢٠٦
ﻭﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺩ[ :ﻻﺯﻡ ﻋﺎﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ ﻟﻴۤﻠﺔ ﻋﺮﺳﺎ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺧﺒﺰ ﺑﻴﺘﻮﰐ ،ﺯﻋﺘﺮ ﺑﻴﺘﻮﰐ ،ﺩﺑـﺲ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻻ ﺩﺧﻠﺔ ﻋﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻲ ﻭﺗﺮﻗﺺ ﺷﻮﻱ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﲑﻗﺺ
ﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺘﻮﰐ ،ﻣٔﻴّﺖ ﻓﺮﳒﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻮﺗﻴﺔ ،ﻗﻤﺮﺩﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﺘـﻮﰐ، ﻻ ﺳﻌﺪﺍ.
ﻃﺒﺦ ﺑﻴﺘﻮﰐ ،ﺧﻴﺎﻃﺔ ﺑﻴﺘﻮﺗﻴﺔ ،ﺧﻠﻴﻠـﺔ ﺑﻴﺘﻮﺗﻴـﺔ )ﺃﻱ: ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﶈﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ(. –ً ١ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻷﺷﺪ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩِﻱ ﺑﻴـﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﺘـﺮ: –ً ٢ﺍﳌﺨﺒﺰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺰﻋﺘﺮ ﺑﻴﺘﻮﰐ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﺘﺮ. –ً ٣ﺍﻟﻔﺠﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴﺘٓﻮﻥ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺗﻮﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ BÉTON :ﻋـﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨٕﺺّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻄـﺎﻩ ﺑﻴـﺖ ﺍﻟـﻨﺺ،
ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ BITUMEN :ﺃﻭ :BITUMEﺍﻹﲰﻨـﺖ ﳝـﺰﺝ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ،ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﻢ ))ﺑﻴﺖ(( ﻫﻨﺎ
ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺤﺎﺗﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻞ ﻭﺍﳊﺼﻰ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ. ﻟﻐﻮ ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﳍﺎ ﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﻗﺴـﻤﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺪﺭ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺻُﺐّ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﺪﻳـﺪ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺺ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻴﺪﺭ – ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﺃﻭﺩﻉ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺘﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﺢ.BÉTON ARMÉ : ﺑﻴﺪﺭﻩ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ ﰲ ﳐﺰﻧﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻞ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳊﻜـﻢ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﺃﺭﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻄﻴﺢ ﺻﺎﱀ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺑﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻧﺼـﻒ ﺍﻟﻐﻠـﺔ
ﳌﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺗﻮﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄّﺢ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪَ :ﺃﻟﻘﻰ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺣﺼﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﻟﻚ ﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﺃﺭﺿﻪ ﻭﺑﺪﺭﻩ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻟﻠﻔـﻼﺡ
ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺤﺎﺀ ﺃﻱ :ﺣﺼﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﻞ ﻭﻭﺛّﺮﻩ ﺃﻱ :ﻭﻃّـﺄﻩ .ﻭﱂ ﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ،ﻭﺣﺪﺛﲏ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ
ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ. ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻬﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ :ﺃﻋﻄـﺎﻩ ﺑﻴـﺪ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﺞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻟﻮٓﻧﻮ ﺑﻴﺞ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔBEIGE : ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﻩ.
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :BIGIO :ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻀـﺎﺭﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺑَﻴّﺖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺩﺑّﺮﻩ ﻟﻴﻼً ،ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮﺓ. ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺒﻴﺖ ﻟﻴﻼً ﰲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﺞ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻚ ﺑﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻔﻴﲔ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻴّﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺠﺎﻣَﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ .PYJAMA :ﻋﻦ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻳـﺔ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺑﺒﻴﺘﻮﺍ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺺ ﺷـﻮﻳﺔ
ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ. ﻣﻠﺒّﺲ ﰲ ﻣﺮﻗﺪ ﺯﻛﺮﻳﺎ ﻟﻴﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻬﻤﻬﻢ.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﺍﳌَﻨﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨِﻴﻢ ،ﰲ ﻭﺗﺒﻴّﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﺓ ﺃﺭﺍﻣﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﱵ ﻟﻴﺄﺗﻴﻬﺎ
))ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ(( :ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻣﺔ :ﺛﻮﺏ ﻳُﻨﺎﻡ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻛﺎﻟﻨِﻴﻢ. ﺍﳋﻄﺎﺑﻮﻥ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﭘٔﺎﺟٔﺎﻣَﻪ :ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺍﻝ. ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴﺘﻮﰐ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻳُﺼﻨﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ،ﻓﻬﻮ
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺠﺎﻣَﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺠﺎﻣﺎﺕ. ﺧﺎﺹ ﻻﻣﺒﺘﺬﻝ ،ﻭﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻗﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯﺍﺭﻱ ،ﻭﻛـﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﺪﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﺪﺭ :ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗـﺪﺍﺱ ﺣﻘﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻟﺒـﻴﱵ ﻧﺴــﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻴــﺖ،
ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻐﻠـّﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨـﻮﺭﺝ ،ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴـﺔ)) :ﭘﺎﻱ((: ﻟﻜﻨﻬـﻢ ﻧﺴﺒﻮﻩ – ﻓـﻲ ﻣـﺎﻧﺮﻯ – ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺘـﻮﺗﺔ:
ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ ))ﺑـﺎﺕ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺃﺩﺭﻛـﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻴـﻞ
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ﺍﻟﺒِﲑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒﺌﺮ – ﻭﺗﺴـﻬﻞ ﳘﺰـﺎ –: ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻭ ))ﺩَﺭْ(( :ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻖ ،ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺲ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﻯ :ﺍﻟﺮِﺟﻞ
ﺍﳉﺐ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺪﻭﺱ ،ﻭﳎﺎﺯﺍً :ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻝ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺑْﻴﺎﺭ. ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑَﻴﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺑْﻮﺍۤﺩﺭ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺌﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺆﻧﺜﺔ. ﻭﻳﺴﻤّﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺆﺫﻱ :ﺣﺮّﺍﻕ ﺑْﻮﺍﺩﺭ.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﺔ :ﺑِﲑ. ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﳛﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻹﻋﺪﺍﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣـﻦ ﳛـﺮﻕ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑۤﺄﺭ ﻭﺑﻮٓﺭ. ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺪﺭ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﲑﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﲑَﺍ. ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺪﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃۤﺩْﺭﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـﺔ:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ :ﺑﻮﺭﻭ. ﺃۤﺩْﺭَﺍ.
ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ :ﺑﲑ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﺴﻤﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺪﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺺ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲣﺎﻭﻳﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﲑ ﺯﻣﺰﻡ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻫـﻨّﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ(.
ﲣﺎﻭﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟٕﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻼۤﺏ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﲑ ﻻﺗﺼـﺮﻑ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺪﺭﻭ ﺭﺧﻴﺺ،
ﻛﺘﲑ. ﺷﺮﻁ ﺑﺎﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﻻ ﺧﻨﺎﻗﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻴﺪﺭ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﲝﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﲑ ﺑﺈﺑﺮﺓ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺣٔﻂ ﺟﻨﺐ ﺑﻴﺪﺭﻭ ﺷـﻜﺎﺭﺓ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[ :ﻭﺻّﻠﻮﻧﺎ ﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﲑ ﻭﻗﻄﻌـﻮﺍ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻭﺷﻰ ﲟﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﺘﻬﻢ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﻲ(.
ﺍﳊﺒﻠﺔ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ ﻭٔﻱْ ﻟﻴﻪ.... ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺵ ﺃﺟﺎﱐ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﻴﺪﺭ ﺗَﻴﺠـﻴﲏ
ﺑِﲑ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻻﻋﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ :ﺃﺟﺎﻙ ﺇﻛّﻲ ﺑـﲑ ﺃﻱ: ﻣﻦ ﺗﺒﻨﻮ ﻭﺃﺵ ﺃﺟﺎﱐ ﻣﺎﻟﻘﺮﺩ ﺗﻴﺠﻴﲏ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻨﻮ.
ﺍﺛﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﻭﺍﺣﺪ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴﺪٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﺬﻕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﭘِﻴﺎﺩۤﻩ:
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻌﺐ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺟﻮﻟﺔ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌـﺄﻣﻮﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻲ ﺭﺍﺟﻼً ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺭﻱ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺻـﻐﺮ
ﻳﺮﺑﺢ ﺟﻮﻟﺘﲔ ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ :ﺑﲑﺍﻭﻟﺴﻮﻥ ﺑٕﺰٕﻡ ﺍﻭﻟﺴﻮﻥ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻄﺮﻧﺞ.
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍً ﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻨﺎ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﺎﺫِﻕ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﺎﺩۤﻕ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻃﻮﺯﺑﲑ ﻭﺇﻛﻲ ﺑﲑ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻴْﺪَﻕ ﻭﭘﺎﻳْﺘﺎﻕ.
ﺍﻟﺒِﲑﺍ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﲑﺓ. ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﺬﻕ ﰲ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺯﺩﻕ.
ﺍﻟﺒﲑﺍﻭِﻱ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻄﻴﺦ ﺑـﲑﺍﻭﻱ :ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻱ:
))ﺍﻟﺒﲑﺍ(( :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﱐ. ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻼﻋﺐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻓﺮﺱُ ﺍﻟﺸﻂ
ﺍﻟﺒۤﲑٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﺮَﻕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑﲑﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺭﻧﺞ ﳘّﺖ ﰲ ﻛﻔّﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻬﻴﻞِ
ﺑﲑﺍﻕ :ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻌَﻠَﻢ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺀ. ﻣﻦ ﻳﺒﺎﺭﻳﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺫﻕ ﰲ ﻛﻔـ
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮۤﺍﺭۤﻕ. ﻳﻚ ﻳﻐﻠﱭ ﻛﻞ ﺭﺥّ ﻭﻓﻴﻞِ؟
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﻳﺮﺍﻕ.
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ﺑِﲑﻩ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴـﺔ: ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﺑَﻴْﺮﻕ.
ﺑﲑﺗﺎ :ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﺼﻦ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷـﻠﺤﺖ. ﺍﻟﺒۤﲑٔﻗﺪﺍﺭ :ﻟﻘﺐ ﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺣﻠـﺐ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟـﺒﲑﻕ
)ﺣﻠﺐ .(٧٨ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ))ﺩﺍﺭ(( :ﺍﳌﻠﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﲟﻌـﲎ :ﺫﻭ،
ﺑﻴۤﺮﻭّﻩ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ :ﺣﻠﺐ – ﻭﳜﺘﻠﻒ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ،ﺣﺎﻣﻞ.
ﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً :ﺑﲑﺅﺍ ،ﺑَﺮﻭﺀﺓ ،ﺑَﺮﻭﺀﺍ ،ﺑﺮﻭّﺍ ،ﺑﺎﺭﻭّﺍ ،ﺑﺎﺭﻭ، ﺍﻟﺒﲑﱄ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒٕﺮﱄ ،ﻣﻦ ))ﺑﲑ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ
ﺑﲑﻭ ،ﺑَﺮْﻭﻩ ،ﺑﲑﻳﻪ ،ﺑﲑﻭﻳﺎ ،ﺑﲑﻱ ،ﺑـﲑﻭﺍﺱ ،ﭘﲑﻳـﺎ، – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ))ﻟِﻲ(( :ﺍﳌﻠﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ،
ﲰﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳـﻠﻮﻛﻮﺱ ﻧﻴﻜـﺎﺗﻮﺭ :ﻣﺆﺳـﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟـﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﰲ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗـﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟـﻨﻘﻂ
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻗﻴﺔ ،ﲰﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺑﲑﻭ ﺍﳌﻜﺪﻭﻧﻴـﺔ ﻭﺃﺳـﻜﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻵﺱ.
ﺣﻠﺐ ﺟﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻜﺪﻭﻧﻴﲔ. ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑَﺮﺍﻟِﻲ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ :ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺑﲑﻭﺍ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[) :ﻫﻴﻚ ﻭﻫﻴﻚ( ﰲ ﺑﺮﱄ ﻋﻴﻨـﻮ
ﺑﻴۤﺮﻭﺕ :ﻋﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ،ﻧﺬﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﻷﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺑﺆﺑﺌﻬﺎ(.
]ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻓﻠﺲ ﺑﲑﻭﰐ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﲞﻴﻞ ﺟﺪﺍً ﺍﻟﺒِﲑٔﺓ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﲑﺍ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ BIRRA :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ:
ﻻ ﻳﻨﺘﻔﻊ ﺑﻪ. :BIERﻣﺸﺮﻭﺏ ﻣﺴﻜﺮ ﺧﻔﻴﻒ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﲑ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﺮﻭﻃﺎ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺣﺸﻴﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﺭ.
ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ. ﻋﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ :ﺍﳉِﻌَﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨُﻘﺎﻉ ﻭﺍﳌِﺰْﺭ.
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ :ﻭﺩﻳﲏ ﻣﺎﻣﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﲑﻭﻃﺎ. ﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺎﻕ ﰒ ﻧﻘـﻞ ﻋﻨـﻪ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﺮۤﻱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ BÉRETﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :ﻗﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ :ﺍﳉِﻌﺔ.
ﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﺍﺎ(( :ﺹ : ١٤۰ﻣﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﲑﺓ
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ﻭﻟﻸﻧﺜﻰ :ﺑِﺴﱠﺔ :ﺑﻜﺴﺮ ﺍﳌﻮﺣـﺪﺓ ﻭﺗﺸـﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺴـﲔ، ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺑِﲑﻳﺖ(( ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻤﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﺰﺟﺮﳘﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً. ﻣﻦ BEURﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻣﺼـﻐﺮﺓ ﺗﺼـﻐﲑ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺴـﺎﻥ،
ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﺩّﻱ ﺷﲑ ))ﺑِﺲ(( ﻭﻋﺪّﻫﺎ ﳑﺎ ﻋﺮّﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﲔ ،ﻭﺣﻮﻝ ﲪﺎﺓ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ،ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻴﺘﻬﺎ ))ﺑِﺴْﻚ((. ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﲔ.
ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻼﻣﻌﺎﺕ(( ﭘِﺴﻲ :ﻫﺮّﺓ ،ﻗﻄّﺔ. ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺒِﲑﻳﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ :ﮔﻴۤﻤٔﺮ ،ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﭘِﺴّﻴﻚ. ﺗﺼﺤﻴﻒ ﻗﻴﻤﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻂ :ﺍﻟﺒْﺴﻴۤﻨۤﺔ ،ﻭﻳﺴـﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒِﲑﻳۤﻠﲔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺍﻟﲔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻟﲔ.
ﺟﻮﺭﺝ ﻣﻄﺮ :ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﳍﺮﺭﺓ. ﺍﻟﺒِﲑﻳﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﻛﺴﺎﺭﺓ ﻧﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﻌـﺪ
ﻭﰲ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺒﺲّ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺴّﺔ :ﺍﳍﺮ ،ﻭﺯﺟﺮ ﻋﺼﺮﻩ ﻳﺒﻴﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺤّﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﺘﺪﻓﺌﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺦ.
ﻟﻪ. ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺰۤﻩ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﺰَﻟﻴﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒَﺰَﻟْﻴَﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺰﻟﻴﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺮﻯ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﳌﺌﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑَﺰَﻟﻴﺎ :ﺣﺐ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ﻳﻄﺒﺦ ﻓﻴﺆﻛﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺒْﺴۤﻴﻨﺎﺕ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ :ﺑﺰﺍﻟﻴﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﻻّ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻬﺰﺝ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ١٨ﺹ.٢٨٤
ﻗﻮﻣﻲ ﺍﺷﻌﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻀﻮ ﺑﻴﺴﻪ ﺑﻴﺴﻪ ﻧَــﻮْ ﺍﻟﺒﲑﻭﻡ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﻣﺎ.
ﻗﻮﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺣﻲ ﻟﻌﻨﺪﻭ ﺇﺟﺎﺟْﻮﺯﻙ ﺃَﺭَﻧﮕـﻮ ﺑِﻴﺲ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑِﺌﺲ – :ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺎ – ﻣـﺎﺽ
)ﺃﻭ ﻓَﺮَﻧﮕﻮ( ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻟﻠﺬﻡ ،ﺿﺪّﻩ)) :ﻧِﻌﻢ((.
]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺃﻣﻬﺎﻢ[: ﻭﺣﻜﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ :ﺑِﻴﺲَ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ))ﺑِﺌﺲ((.
ﺣﺞّ ﺍﷲ ﻳﺎﺣﺠۤﻴﺞ ﺍﷲ ﺩﺑﺲ ﻭﲰﻨۤﻪ ﺑﺎﳉﺮّﻩ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﺸـﺎ :ﺍﻟﺴـﻴّﻰﺀ ،ﺍﳊـﺰﻳﻦ،
ﺑﺎﻛﻞ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺒّـــﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴۤﻪ ﺗﻄﻠﻊ ﺑﺮّﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻋﺲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑِﻴﺶ :ﺍﻟﺮﺩﻱﺀ.
ﺑﻴﺲ ﺑﻴﺲ ﻧَﻮْ ﻳﺎﺑﻴﺲ ﺑﻴﺲ ﻧﻮ! ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﻴﺲ ﺍﳌـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺤـﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻌـﱰ
ﺩﻟّﻮﻋﺔ ﻭﻋﻤّﺎﻝ ﺗٕﺤﻠَﻮ ﻭﺍﳉْﻤﺎﻝ.
ﺑﻴﺲْ ﺑﻴﺲْ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﲰﺎً ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﱠﻙ ﲡﺮّﻭٓ ﻋﺎﻟﺼﻴﺪ
ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱪّﻱ ﺫﻱ ﺳﻨﺒﻠﺔ ﻻﺣﺐّ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻳﻀﻌﻮﺎ ﺑـﲔ ﺑﻴﺲ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺻﻴﺪﻭ.
ﻣﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﲔ ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻭﺣﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﲔ ﻓﺘﺴﲑ ،ﻓﻴﺘﺴـﻠّﻮﻥ ﺑِﻴﺲ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻂ :ﺑِﻴﺲ ﺑِﻴﺲ ﺑِﻴﺲ ﺃﻭ ﺑٕﺲْ ﺑٕـﺲْ
ﲝﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﺫ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﺃﺧﲑﺍً ﺍﻟﻜﻢ ،ﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﺴـﻤﻮﺎ ﺑـﻴﺲ ﺑٕﺲْ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﺴۤﻪ ﺑﻴﺴۤﻪ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﺴﱠﺔ :ﺍﳍﺮّﺓ ﺍﻷﻫﻠِﻴﺔ.
ﺑﻴﺲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴﺔ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ PISIG :ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ.
ﺑِﻴﺲ ﺑﻴﺲ ﻧَﻮْ] :ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻧﲔ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﺍﲰﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴـﺦ ﻭﰲ ))ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ(( ﻋﻦ ))ﻣﻨـﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻝ(( ﺃﻥ
ﺣﺴـﲔ ،ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﳉﺎﻣـﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺒـﲑ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳊﺠـﺎﺯ ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﻬّـﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻛـﺮ :ﺑِـﺲّ
٢١٠
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﻓﻊ ﺻﻮﺗﻪ ﺇﺛﺮ ﲨﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮّﺍﻝ ﺻـﺎﺋﺤﺎً: ﻭﻳﻠﺤﻘﻪ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺻﺎﺋﺤﲔ :ﺑﻴﺲ ﺑﻴﺲ ﻧَﻮْ ،ﺑـﻴﺲ....
))ﻭﻟﻚ ﺍﷲ(( ﻓﻴﺘﺒﻌﻪ ﺍﳌﻮﻛﺐ ﺻﺎﺋﺤﺎً)) :ﻳﺴﺎﺭﻭ ﺩﻭﺯ ﺩﻭﺯ ﻓﻴﻐﻀﺐ ﻭﻳﺴﺐّ :ﺩِﻱ ﺩِﻱ ﺩﻳﻨﻜﻦ ،ﻭﺩِﻱ ﺩِﻱ ﺩﻳـﻦ
ﺟﻴۤﻪ ،ﺻﻠﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻜﺤـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌـﲔ ﺃﺑﻮﻛﻦ ،ﻭﻭﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﺮ ﺻﺮﻣﺎﻱ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻌﺎﺩﻳﻨﺎ ﺃﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ((. ]ﻣﻦ ﻔﺎﺕ ﳎﺎﻧﻴﻨﻬﻢ[ :ﻭﺇﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺼﻠﻲ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺇﻣﺎﻡ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺸﺎﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺆﲤﻦ ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻉ. ﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻊ :ﻗﺼﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ،ﻓﺼﺎﺡ:
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺸﺎﺭﻭﺷﻴّۤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺼـﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻭٕﺟَﻊ ،ﻭﺿﺤﻚ ﺍﳌﺼﻠﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻧﻘﻄﻌﺖ ﺻﻼﻢ ،ﻭﻛﻨﺖ
ﻛﺎﳉﻤﻊ. ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ.
ﺑِﻴﺸﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌـﺎﻥ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺴﻜﻠﻴﺖ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜﻠﻴﺖ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺑٓﻴْﺸﺎٓ :ﺍﻷﺫﻻّﺀ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠـﺔ ﰲ: ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴﻜﻮﻳﺖ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜﻮﻳﺖ.
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ.١٨٥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴﻤﺎﭼْﻜﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﺎﺟﻜﺔ.
ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑِﻴﺸٓﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴـﺔ: ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻴﺲ ﻭﺑﻴﺲ ﻭﺑﻴﺲ ﻧﻮ.
ﺍﻟﺸﺮّﻳﺮ) .ﺣﻠﺐ .(٦۰ ﺑﻴۤﺶ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻻﻋﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ :ﺷۤﻴﺶ ﺑۤﻴﺶ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪ:
ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴﺺ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻭﻗﻊ ﰲ ﺣﻴۤﺺ ﺑﻴۤﺺ – ﺍﻧﻈـﺮ : ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺔ ﻭﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑۤﻴﺶ :ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺣـﻴﺺ – ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﺺ :ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻖ ،ﺍﻟﺸﺪّﺓ ،ﺃﻭ ﻫﻲ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻴﺸﺎﺕ.
ﺇﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﺺ. ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺑﻴﺶ ﺩﻭﺭﺕ ﺃﻱ :ﲬﺴﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ،
ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴﺾ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﺾ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ: ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺑﻴﺶ ﺩﻭﺭﺗﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﺾ :ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺩﻭﺑﻴﺶ :ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺘﺎﻥ ،ﻭﳚﻤﻌـﻮﻥ
ﺻﺎﺣﺖ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰﻳﺔ :ﺃﺑـﻮ ﺍﻟﺒَـﻴْﺾ! ﺃﺑـﻮ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺑﻴﺶ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺩﻭﺑﻴﺸﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﺾ ،ﺑَﻴْﻀﺎﺗﻚ ﻛﺒﺎﺭ؟ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺘﻨﺪﺭ ﰲ ﺩﻭﺑﻴﺶ :ﺩَﺑَﺶ ﺃﻭ ﺩﺑﺸـﻠﻴﻢ
– ﻛﺒﺎﺭ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺩﺑﻼﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﺸﻮﺏ. ﺍﳌﻠﻚ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﺟﺴﻢ ﻋﻀـﻮﻱ ﻭﺿـﻌﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌـﺔ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺶ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﶈﺒﻮﺳﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﺀ ،ﻳﻨﺸﺄ ﰲ ﻣﺒﻴﺾ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺮﺗﺐ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ)) :ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩﻱ ﺳﻠّﻢ )ﺗﺒﻌﻮ( ﻭﻣﺎ ﺳﻠّﻤﺎ((.
ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻴﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﳊﺸﺮﺍﺕ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ :ﺷـﻴﺶ
ﺃﺿﺨﻤﻪ ﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻬﻼﻛﺎً ﺑﻴﺾ ﺑﻴﺶ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﰲ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻭﺳﻄﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﻄـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺪﺟﺎﺝ. ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺑﺆ :ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﺄﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺶ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺶ ﻓﻼ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﻀﺔ ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻣـﺎﻟﻮﺍ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ: ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺸﺎﺭﻭﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﭘﻴﺶ(( :ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ،ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ،
ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﻀﺎﺕ ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻣﺎﻟﻮﺍ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒُﻴﻮﺽ ﻭﻫﻢ ﺳﻜّﻨﻮﺍ. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻭ ))ﺭُﻭﺷﻨﺎ(( :ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺎﻉ ،ﺍﻟﻀـﻮﺀ ،ﺍﻟﻨـﻮﺭ ﺃﻱ:
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﻀﻲ ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻣﺎﻟﻮﺍ. ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ،ﻭﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﻟـﺮﺣﻼﺕ
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺣﻠﱯ ﺳﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ،ﺻـﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﻭﻣـﻮﺟّﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺮﺍﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﻮﺕ ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤـﺎ ﻗﺎﺋـﺪ
ﻳﻌﻴّﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﺈﻣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎۤﻑ ،ﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﳜﻠﺺ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﺴﺨﺮﻳﺔ، ﺗﻠﺒﻴﺴـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﻳـﺲ ،ﻭﻫـﻮ ﻳﺴﻴّـﺮ ﺍﳌﻮﻛـﺐ
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)ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻄﻲﺀ ﰲ ﺳﲑﻩ(. ﻭﻟﺰﻣ ٓﻮ ﺑۤﻴﺾ ،ﻭﺭﺍﺡ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟـﻮ :ﻋﻨـﺪﻙ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻘﻠﻰ )ﺑﺎﳍﻮﺍ( ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺑﺎﺽ.
ﲰﻦ ﻋﺮﰊ ،ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑٕﺴﺄﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ ﻣﻨﻮ ﺑﺎﺿﺎ ﻭﺍﳉﻴﺠۤﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ :ﺑﻴْﻀﻲّ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ.
ﻣﻨﻮ ﺟﺎﺑﺎ ،ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻴﺢ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ ﺑْﺼـﻴﺢ ،ﺳـﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑﻴۤﺺ )ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(.
ﻭﺟﺎۤﺭﻳﺘﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻠﻲ ﺑﻴﻀﺘﲔ ،ﻟﺴّﻊ ﻣﺎﻓﻘۤﺴـﺖ ﻋﻨّـﻮ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﻌﺘﺎٓ ﻭﺑﻌﺘﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـﺔ:
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ ﻭﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﻘﺺ ﻭﻳﺸﺒٓﺮ ،ﻓـﻼﻥ ﺑﻘـﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺒـﻴﺾ ﺑِﻴﻌﺘَﺎ ﻭﺑﻌﺘَﺎ.
ﻋﺎﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ) ،ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺣﻀـﺮ ﻟـﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻂ.
ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪ ﻏﺎﺋﺒﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ ،ﻭﺍﺗﻔﻘـﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻐﺎﺭﻳـﺔ ﻳـﺪﺍﱐ
ﻳﻘﻠّﺒﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺎﺋﻂ ،ﻭﺫﺍﺕ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺑٔﺎﻳﻴﺘﺴٔﺎ.
ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ(. ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﻴﺾ ﺑﺮﺷﺖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺮﺷﺖ.
ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺘﻠﻮ ﺑﻘﻦّ ﺍﳉﻴﺞ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺶ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ، ﻭﻳﺄﻛﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻣﺴﻠﻮﻗﺎً ﻭﻣﻘﻠﻴﺎً ﻭﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺠـﺔ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻏﲎ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻊ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻛﻨّﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺷﺎۤﺭۤﻕ ﻭﺍﳌﻔﺮّﻛﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﳛﺸﻮﻥ ﻃﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻛﺮﺓ ﻣـﻦ ﻛـﺮﺍﺕ
ﺑﻴﺾ ﻋﺒﻜﺮﺍ )ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻐﻤﻀﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ :ﻛﻨّـﻲ ﺷـﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺘﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ.
ﺑﻴﺖ ﻣٔﻲْ ،ﻓﻴﺨﻴﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺑﻴﺾ ﻧَﻲْ( ﻭﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﺕ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺟﺎﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺗﺒﻴﺾ ﺳﻨﻮﻳﺎً ١٧۰ﺑﻴﻀﺔ.
ﻋَﻨَﺪﺍﻥ :ﲬﻴﺴﻴﺎﺗَﻚ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺕ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﺒﺘﺬﻟﺔ(. ]ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻋﻪ[ :ﺑﺮﻭٓﻙ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻭﻧﻘّﻲ ،ﻭﺗﺮﻭ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺫﻭﻗـﻮ ﰲ ﻓﻘﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﻴﺾ! )ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺪﻭﺭﺓ :ﺗﺮﻭﺣـﻲ ﻓـﺮﻡ
ﺍﻷﻛﻞ :ﲞﻠﻂ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺑﺲ ﺍﳊﻠﻮ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﺑﺼﺐّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﺎﺑﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ!(.
ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺲ ﺭﻣﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺃﺧﲑﺍً ﺑﻔﻘﻲ ﻓﻮﻗﻮ ﺑﻴﺾ ،ﻭﺗﻌﺎ ﺷـﻮﻓﻮ ﻭﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺫﻛﺮﻳﺎﰐ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺃﻟـﻒ ﻟﻴﻠـﺔ
ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ .ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻔﺎﻗﺴـﻮ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﻭﻟﻴﻠﺔ(( :ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﲔ ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﮕﲔ
ﻻﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺭﻫﺎﻥ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺃﺱ ﻣﺎﻟﻪ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ(. ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺑﻊ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﰲ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ .١٨
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﺎﺣﮕﻠﻨـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﰲ ﲪﺺ ﻭﲪﺎﺓ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﳋﻤﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺒﻞ
ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﻀﻨﺎ ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﲪﺮﺍ ﻭﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﺻﻔﺮﺍ. ﲬﻴﺲ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻳﺦ :ﲬﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ،ﻭﻳﻠﻌﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﻓﻴـﻪ
ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺒﻴﺾ ﺑﻴﺾ ﻧﻌﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺑﺮ ﺣَﻤﺎﻡ. ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻘّﻴۤﺸۤﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺿﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻻﺯۤﻡ ﳓﻂ ﲢﺖ ﺑﺎﻁ ﺍﳌﻴـﺖ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ١٧ﺹ.١٩٢
ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﲤﺎ ﻳﻘﺪﺭ ﻳﺴﺤﺐ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﻴﻠۤﺔ ﻣﻌﻮ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﺸـﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﻮﺟـﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﺷـﺮﻗﺎ ﺍﳌﻄﺮﺑﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﺫﻫﺎﺑﺎً ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻧﻪ ﳚﻠـﻮ
ﻓﺮﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ،ﰲ ﺷﺒﺎﻁ ﻟٕﻢّ ﺍﻟﺒـﻴﺾ ﻣـﻦ ﻋـﺎﻟﺒﻼﻁ، ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻭﻳﻄﺮّﻳﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘـﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻛﺜـﺮ ﺍﳋﻮﺟـﺎﺕ
ﻻﺗﻠﻔﱢـﻲ ﻓﻼﺡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻙ ﲜﻴﺐ ﻟﻚ ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﲞـﺮﺏ ﻳﻬﻮﺩﻳﺎﺕ ﻻﻳﺄﻛﻠﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﻏﲑﻫﻢ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﺒﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻳﲏ ﺍﳊﻤﺼـﻲ :ﻭﺍﺭﺽَ
ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢّ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﺍﶈﻤّﻰ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺋﺐ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﺑـﻴﺾ
ﺍﻟﺪﺟﺎﺝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﻛﺐ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﺄﻧّﻮ ﻣﺎۤﺷﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺾ
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ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻮﺩ ﮔﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾِ ﺍﳋﺼﺮ ﺧﺼﺮ ﻏﺰﻳّۤﻞ ﺩﻳﺎﺭﻙ ،ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﺑﺮَﻳﺎﺣﺔ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻴﺠـﺔ ﺻـﻴّﺎﺣﺔ،
)ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ :ﻗﺎﺳﻴﺎﺕ(. ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺸﻞ ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﺑﻨﺸﻞ ﺟﻴﺠﺔ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻬﺰﺝ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ:
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺍﳌﻘﻤّﻊ ﻟﺬﱠ ﱄ ﻃﺎﻃﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻃﺎﻃــﺎ! ﺻﺤﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄـﻪ
ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﳌَﻘﻠﻲّ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺠّﺎﺕُ ﻗﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﻳﺎﻟﻄﻴـﻒ! ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻏﻴﻒ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ: ﺟﻴﺠﺔ ﲰﻴﻨـــﺔ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﻋﺎﳌْﺪﻳﻨـﺔ
ﻭﳊﻤﺔِ ﺿﺎﻥٍ ﻗُﻤّﻌﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﻀﺠﻬﺎ ﻣﻠﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﺷﻨﻴﻨــﻪ ﻛﺴﺮﺕ ﻗﻨﻴﻨــﻪ
ﺑﺒﻴﺾ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻯ ﻭﺗﻮﺭّﺩﺍ ﺷﺎﻓﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷـــﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻻ :ﺑَـــﻮْ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺎﺻﻴﺼﻬﻢ ﺍﳊﻜﻴﻤﺔ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺿـﻴﻌﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﺍﳌﺴّﻴﺢ ﻟﺬّ ﱄ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﻣﻬﻴﺒﺔ ﺣﱴ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﺎﲡﱯ ﻣﻨّﺎ ﺿﺮﺍﻳﺐ ،ﺑـﺪّﻙ
ﻣﺎﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﺧﻄﻮﰊ ﺗﺴﺄﻟﲏ ﻋﻦ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻗﻮّﺗﺎ ﻭﻋﺰّﺍ ،ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺑﺴـﻴﻂ ،ﺃﻧـﻮ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﳊﻤﺎً ﺷﻮﻭﺍ ﺧﺒﺰﺍً ﻃﻮﻭﺍ ﺑﻴﻀﺎً ﻗﻠﻮﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻛﻠّٓﻦ ﺣﻘﺎﻧﻴﲔ ﻭﳛﺒﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﻀﻦ ﻭﻳﻌﻄﻔـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﺍﳌﻘﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﻀﻦ ،ﻭﻳﻮﻡ ﺃﺟﺎﻫﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﻳﻔﺴﺪﻥ ،ﻗـﺎﻝ
ﺃﺿﺤﻰ ﻣﺪﺍﻣﻲ ﻣﻊ ﻧﻘﻠﻲ ﻟﻦ :ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻓﺮﺿﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﲬﺲ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺕ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺽ ﻭﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﺢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺀ. ﻭﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃﺟﺎ ﻋﻔﻮ ﻣﺎﻟﺴـﻠﻄﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﺾ :ﺧُﺼﻰ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ. ﺍﺭﺟﻌﻮﺍ ﺧﺪﻭﺍ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺗﻜﻦ ،ﻭﺭﺟﻌﻮﺍ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺑَﻴْﻀﺔ ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺃﻣـﺎﻟﻮﺍ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ: ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻨﻘّﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ،ﻭﻣـﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﻬـﺎ ﻓﺴـﺪﺕ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﻀﺎﺕ ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻣﺎﻟﻮﺍ. ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻦ.
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﺂﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﻭﻣﺸﺎﺭﻢ[ :ﺑـﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻐـﻨﻢ، ﻭﻳﺘﺨﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﲡﺎﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺟﺎﺟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺑﻌﺪ
ﻭﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ﺑﺮﻭﺑۤﺔ. ﺑﻴﻀﻬﺎ ﺃﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻪ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﻴﻀﻮ ﻛﺒﲑ ) :ﻗﻮﻱ( – ﺑﻀﺖ ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻣﺖّ
ﻭﻭﺭﺍﻩ ﻛﻞ ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﻫﻴﻚ ﻗﺪّﺍ ) :ﺃﻧﺼﺎﺭﻩ ﺃﻗﻮﻳﺎﺀ(. – ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺒﻬﺎ :ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻚ ﻳﺎﺳﺖّ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻡ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻀﺎﺕ ،ﻓـﺘﺢ ﻭﻳﺘﺴﺎﺀﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ ﻣﺎﳉﻴﺠـﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺍﳉﻴﺠـﺔ
ﲤّﻮ ﻭﺭﺧﻰ ﺑﻴﻀﻮ. ﻣﺎﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ؟.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻨﺎﻧﱵ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺕ ﻛﻨﺖ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺷﻲ ﺃٕﲰﻮ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺟﺴـﻤﻮ:
ﺻﺤﺖ ﻟﻼ :ﺟﺪّﻭ ،ﺳﻜﺖ ﻟﻠﻮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺳﻜﺖ ﻟﻠﻮ ﻟﻘّـﻮﺍ )ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺑﻴﻀﺎ( ،ﺷﻲ ﻋﻀﻤﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮّﺍ ﻭﺟﺴـﻤﻮ
ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺗﻮ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻟﻠﻮ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﳒﺤـﺖ ﺃٕﺑﻘـﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻮّﺍ )ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ( ،ﺟﺐ ﻣﻜﻠّﺲ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﺑﺎﺏ )ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ(.
ﺷٕﺪﱐ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻀﻲ. ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ:
ﻻﺗٕﮕﺮﺻِﲏ ﻳﺎﺷْﻮﻳﮕﻲ ﮔٔﺮْﺹ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﮕﻴﺾِ
)ﻻﺗﻘﺮﺻﲏ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺒﻴﱯ ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺒﻌﺚ ﺷﻮﻗﻲ
ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﻆ ،ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻴﻒ(.
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ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺷﻲ ﺑﺒﻴّﺾ ﺍﻟﻮﭺ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺑۤﻞ :ﺭﻭﺡ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻴّﺾ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴّﺾ ﺍﳌﻜﺘـﻮﺏ، ﺭﻭﺡ ﺗﻌﺎ ﺗﻌﺎ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻛﺘﺒﻪ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﻻﺷﻄﺐ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﻳﻄﻖ ﺑﻴﻀﻮ ،ﻳﻨﻔﻘَﻰ
ﻭﻻ ﺳﻮﺍﺩ. ﺑﻴﻀﻮ ،ﻳﺒﻌﺖ ﻟﻮ ﺣﺪﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﻀﻮ ،ﲡﻴﻪ ﺭﻓﺴﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺒﻴﻀّﺔ :ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﳌﺴﻮﺩّﺓ. ﺑﻴﻀﻮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ :ﺑﻴﺾ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻴّﺾ ﺍﳌْﻌَﺪّ :ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺩﻓـﻊ ﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻞ :ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺍﳉﻠﺐ :ﺑﻴﺾ
ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻲ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﰲ ﻣﻴـﺰﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻤﻲ.
ﺧﺸﱯ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻞ ﺫﻱ ﻣﺼﺐّ ﳚﱯ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮﺍﰐ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﺋﻨـﻪ ﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﺢ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ،ﰒ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺩﻓـﻊ ﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻕ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺎﺑﻎ ﲟﻌـﲎ :ﺍﻟﻠـﻮﻥ
ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ. ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻲ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﻮﻝ ﻓﺘّﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻝ :ﺑﻴّۤﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻝ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﺃﻳّﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺾ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺾ ،ﻭﻫﻲ
ﺃﻟﻖ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺒﺤﺔ. ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ١٣ﻭ ١٤ﻭ ١٥ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻤـﺮﻱ ﺇﺫ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ
ﺑۤﻴﻀﺎ :ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﺑﺪﺭﺍً ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺾ :ﲨﻊ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ.
ﻭﺗﻔﻨﻨﻮﺍ ﻭﺩﺑﻜﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻔﺎﺿـﻠﺔ ﺑـﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬـﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﺍﻷﻳـﺎﻡ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﺍ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ: ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺾ(( ﺻﻔﺔ ﻟﻸﻳﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺧﻄـﺄ،
))ﺍﲰﻌﻮﺍ ﻗﻮﱄ ﺍﳌﻌﻨّﻰ ﻋﺎﻟﺴﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺾ ﻏﻨّﻰ(( ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﲟﺼﺎﺣﻒ ﻣﻨﺸﺎﻧﺎ ﺳﺎﻭﻭﺍ ﺍﳌﻼﺣﻒ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﺾ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻟﻸﻳﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺣﱴ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﺍ ﻗﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻻﺣﻒ ﻋﺎﳌﺰﺍﺑﻞ ﻛﺒّﻮﺍ ﻋﻨــﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺷﻮّﺍﻝ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺒﻴﺎﺿﻬﺎ ﺃﺎ ﻓﺎﺿـﻠﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﺍ ﻛﺒﺔ ﺑﺼﻴﻨﻴـﺔ ﺑﺘﻬﺎﺩﻭّﺍ ﺍﻷﻓﻨﺪﻳـــﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻧﺎﻓﻠﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎ ﺷﺮﻗﺔ ﻟﺒﻨﻴـﺔ ﻋﺎﳌﺰﺍﺑـــــﻞ... ﺑَﻴّﺾ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻴّﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻳﻎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎ ﺭﺯ ﲝﻠﻴــﺐ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺑﺮﺩ ﺃﻛﻠﻮ ﺑﻄﻴﺐ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻃﻼﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺼﺪﻳﺮ .ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴّﻀـﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠـﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﺍ ﻋﺠﻮﺓ ﺯﺑﻴﺐ ﻋﺎﳌﺰﺍﺑــــﻞ... ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ:
ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﺍ ﺑﻴﻀﺎ ﻭﺷﻲ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﻧَﻬﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲤﺮ ﻭﻋﻨﱪ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺒﻴّۤﺾ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻐـﻮ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎ ﺷﻮﺭﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮ ﻋﺎﳌﺰﺍﺑــــﻞ... ﺣْﺴﺎﺑَﻚ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ.
ﻳﺎﲰﺮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻧﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺇﻳﺪﻱ ﻭﺇﻳﺪﻙ ﻋﺎﳌﺮﺍﻳﺔ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻴّﻀﻨﺎ ﺍﳊﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻷﻧّـﻮ ﺍﳊﺠـﺎﺝ
ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺮﺍ ﺷْﻄﺎﻓﺔ ﭽﺎﻳﺔ ﻋﺎﳌﺰﺍﺑــــﻞ... ﺟﺎۤﻳﲔ.
ﺍﻷﲰﺮ ﳌﻌﺔ ﻇﻞ ﺭﺑّﻮ ﺷﻮﻓﻮﺍ ﻗﺪﻳﺶ ﲝﺒﻮ ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﺪّﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﻨﺪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷـﺨﺺ ﳏﺘـﺮﻡ
ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻣﺎﻋﺪﱠﻯ ﺟﻨﺒﻮ ﻋﺎﳌﺰﺍﺑــــﻞ... ﻳﺼﻴﺤﻮﻥ :ﺑﻴّﺾ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺟﻬﻮ.
ﺑۤﻴﻀﺎ ﺑۤﻴﻀﺎ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻨـﻬﺮ(( ﺟ ١ﺹ: ٢٧٣
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ﻭﲰﺎﻫﺎ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ(( :ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻧﺔ. ﻗﺼﲑﺓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺭﺀﻭﺳﻬﻢ ﻗﻼﻧﺲ ﻃﻮﻳﻠـﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺃﻳـﺪﻳﻬﻢ
ﺑۤﻴﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮْﻧﺒﻴﻂ :ﻭﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻧﺒﻴﻂ :ﺯﻫﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘُﻨّﺒـﻴﻂ ﺩﻓﻮﻑ ﻳﻀﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﺎ ﻳُﻨﺪﱢﺭﻭﻥ ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﺍﻷﻛـﺎﺑﺮ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﻃﻲ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻪ ﺍﳋﻀﺮ. ﻭﳝﺪﺣﻮﻥ ﺫﻭﻳﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﺮﻗﺼﻮﻥ ﳍﻢ ﻭﻳﺘﺨﻠﻌﻮﻥ ،ﻓﻴﻌﻄﻮﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻋﻬـﺎ :ﺑﻴﻀـﻚ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﻭﻳﻨﺼﺮﻓﻮﻥ.
ﻗﺘﻠﻚ ﻳﺎﻗﺮﻧﺒﻴﻂ )ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻷﻥ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻪ ﺗﻀﻌﻒ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﳕﺎ ﻭﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﳍﻢ :ﺑﻴﻀﺎ ﺑﻴﻀﺎ ،ﻭﻗـﺪ
ﺯﻫﺮﻩ(. ﻗﻞّ ﻇﻬﻮﺭﻫﻢ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﻄﺎﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﻄـﺎﺭ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ: ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﳓﻦ :ﲰّﻮﺍ ﺑﻴﻀﺎ ﺑﻴﻀﺎ ﻷـﻢ ﻛـﺎﻧﻮﺍ
:HIPPIYATROSﺍﳌﻌﺘﲏ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﻳﻌﺎﳉﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﺴﻤّﺮ ﻧﻌﺎﳍﺎ ﻳﻄﻠﺒﻮﻥ ﺃﺟﺮ ﻫﺰﳍﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻛـﻞ ﺑﻴـﺖ ﺃﻭ
– ﻣﻦ :HIPPIﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﻭ :YATROSﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ. ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺩﳍﺎ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﺎﻃِﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ. ﰒ ﺧﻠﻔﻬﻢ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺸﻴﺶ ﻻﰲ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﺑـﻞ
ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﻄﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻣﺎﻟﻮﺍ. ﻛﻞ ﺃﻳﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﻴﺪ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺸﻴﺶ – ﰒ ﺧﻠﻔﻪ ..ﺍﻟـﺮﻳﺶ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓَﻴﻄَﺮٓﺍ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ: ﻭﲢﺮﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﺲ))ﺃﺑﻮ ﺣﺸﻴﺶ(( ﻭﻃﺮﻃﻮﺭﻩ ﻭﺩﻓﻪ ﻭﺍﲣﺬ
ﻓَﻴْﻄَﺮَﺍ. ﻣﻦ ﺻﺮﺍﺧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺮﺡ ﻭﻗﻠﺘﻨﺎﺗﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﻛـﺎﻧﻮﺍ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.VETERINARY : ﻻﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﳋﻄﺎﺑﺔ ،ﺑﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻨﺘﺮ ﻭﺧـﺪﻉ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ :ﺱ ٣ﺹ : ٦٩٥ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺮﺓ ﻭﺩﺍﺭ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻘـﺪﺡ ﺍﳌﻌﻠّـﻰ،
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻭﺗﺼﻮّﺭ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ ﻓﻬـﻮ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺎﺭ ﻫﻮ ﺣﻮﮔﺎﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﺩﺑﻠﺸﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ :ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ALBEITAR : ﺫﻟﻚ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺣﻠﻮﺍﱐ ﻗﺪﱘ ﰲ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ﺟﻨﺐ ﺑﻴﺖ
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ALVEITAR : ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻣﻲ ﺃﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺲ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻥ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻳﺒﻴـﻊ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﳌﻦ ﻳﻌﺮﺝ :ﻗﺮّﻁ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﻴﻨﺔ ﻷﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺇﺫ ﺳﻘﻄﺖ ﻓﺄﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻨﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﻴﻨﺔ،
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺎﺭ. ﻓﺄﺳﺮﻉ ﺣﻮﮔﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺑﺘﻠﻌﻬﺎ ﺧﺸﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﳛـﺲّ ﺍﳌﺸـﺘﺮﻱ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﻨّﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻜﻤـﺔ ﺻـﺮﻧﺎ ﰲ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﻣﺎﻟﱪﺩ ﺟٕﻤﺪۤﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﻴﻨﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺮﺓ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﻌﺎﰿ ﺃﻣﺮﻧﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺇﻧﺴﺎﱐ ﺭﻓﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ.
ﻭﺻﺮﻧﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﱐ ﺩﱐّ( ،ﺃَﺧﻄﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻃﺮﺓ ﺷـﻨﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴﻀﺔ ﺍﳋْﺪﳚﻴّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﺿﻌﺘﻬﺎ
ﺍﳊﺪّﺍۤﺩﻳﻦ. ﺍﻟﺪﺟﺎﺟﺔ ﻭﳌﺎ ﻳﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺸﻜﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻻﻗﺸﺮ ﳍﺎ ﺇﳕﺎ ﻏﺸـﺎﺀ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻟﺰﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻄﺎﺭﻳّﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺭﻗﻴﻖ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺧَﺪَﺟﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺔُ ﻭﺭﲟﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻﻳﻐﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮﺽ ﻭﻭﺳﺎﺧﺔ(. ﻟﻐﲑﻫﺎ :ﺃﻟﻘﺖ ﻭﻟﺪﺍً ﻟﻐﲑ ﲤﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﳊﻤﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﻊ :ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﻝ ﲟﺎﻝ ،ﻧﻘﻴﺾ ﺑۤﻴﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺒّﺎﻥ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﳍﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺃﻃﻠﻘـﻮﻩ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻞ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﻟّﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻀﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﱐ ﻳﻘﻮّﻡ ﺑﻪ
ﺛﻘﻞ ﺍﳊﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﺯﻭﻥ.
٢١٥
ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﻜﻴۤﺔ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﺋﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﻮﺕ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺣﻄﻴـﺖ ﺣـﻖ ﺍﳋﻀـﺮﺍ
ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻀﺨﺎﻡ ،ﻣﻮﻟﺪﺓ ﻋﺎﻣﻴﺔ. ﻭﻫﺎﻟﻌٕﺮْﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻴﻌﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﳎﺎﻧﺎً(.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﱳ(( :ﻭﳍﺎ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ،ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺑﺎﳌﺰﺍﺩ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻳﺒﺎﻉ ﻋﻠﻨـﺎً :ﺑـﺄﻏﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﰲ ﺩﻣﺸﻖ ﳌﺨـﺎﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻐـﻼﻝ ﻟﻠﺘﺠـﺎﺭ، ﻣﺎﺩﻓﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺮ.
ﻭﺃﺻﺤﺎﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﻳﻜﻴﺔ ،ﻭﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻓﺎ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳛﻖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﺳـﺘﺮﺩﺍﺩ
ﺗﻌﺪّ ﻟﻠﺒﻘﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﺑﻞ. ﺍﳌﺒﻴﻊ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺩّ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﻥ ﺩﻓﻊ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺼـﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺴـﺐ
ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻚ ،ﺃﻱ ﳝﻠﻜﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﻚ، ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ.
ﻗﻠﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﮕﺎﻑ ﻛﺎﻓﺎً. ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﻌَﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﻣﻌﺒـﺪ
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﻛﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﻳۤﻚ. ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒِﻴَﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺒِﻴَﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒِﻴﻌﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﻚ :ﺃﻭ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻚ ﻭﻳﻘﺮﺀﻭﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻚ :ﻟﻘـﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺷﺮﻑ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺑۤﻲْ ،ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻈﻪ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(( ﻟﺼﺪﻳﻘﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻳﺮﻙ ﻣﺎﺭ
ﺃﻏﻨﺎﻃﻴﻮﺱ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺑﺮﺻﻮﻡ :ﺹ .٢٤٢ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ
ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳌﻠـﻚ ،ﺍﺑـﻦ
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٢١ﺹ.٤٢۰
ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﲣﺬﻩ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺷﺮﻑ ﻃﻐـﺮﻝ ﺑـﻚ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﻔﺘۤﻴﻚ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻔﺘﻚ.
ﺃﺭﻃﻐﺮﻝ ﺑﻚ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﰲ ﺳﻨﺔ ٤٥٥ﻫ ،ﰒ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﺑﻨـﻪ ﺑَﻴّٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻴّۤﻖ ﺑﻴّۤﻖ ﺑﻠﺒﻖ ﻟـﻚ ﻫـﺎﻟﺘﺒﻴﻴﻖ،
ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ،ﰒ ﺟﺮﻯ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﻣـﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ :ﺗﻨﻌّﻢ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻊ .ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ))ﺑَﻴّﻖ(( ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺭﺅﺳﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻜﻴﲔ ﻭﻋﺴﻜﺮﻳﲔ ﻭﺃﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﺣﱴ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻘﻴّﺔ :ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺸﱯ ﺣﻮﱄ ﺗﻌﺘﻠﻔـﻪ
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ﺑﺸﻬﻴّﺔ.
ﻭﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺃﻓﻨـﺪﻱ، ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PIC :ﺁﻟﺔ ﻳﻨﻘﺮ ﺎ ﺍﳊﺠّـﺎﺭ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﲏ ﻭﻛﻞ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ. ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺭﺃﺳﲔ ﻣﺴﻨّﻨﲔ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺑﻪ ﳑﺎﻟﻴﻚ ﻣﺼﺮ. ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﱄ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳـﺬﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ
ﻭﺣﺮﻓﺖ ﰲ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﺇﱃ ﺑﺎﻱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ))ﺍﳌﱳ((.
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻏﻴﺰ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺑِـﻲ ﻭﺑۤـﻲْ .ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻏﻴـﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺩﺧﻴـﻞ ﻗـﺪﱘ ﻣـﻦ
ﲨﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺳﻮﻓﻴﺘﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺁﺳﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻣِﻨﺤﺖ ﺫﻭ ﺭﺃﺳﲔ ﺗُﺴـﺤﻞ ﻭﺗُﺴـﻮﱠﻯ ﺑـﻪ
ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻴﻼﺩﻱ. ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺭﺓ .ﻭﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻧـﻪ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﻋﺮﻓﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻚ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺣﺮﻓﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﺭﺟﺢ.
ﺇﱃ ))ﺍﻟﻔَﻴْﺞ(( ،ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ(( :ﺍﻟﻔَﻴْﺞ :ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ﺑﻴﻚ، ﺑﻴّﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﻚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ :ﻧﻘـﺮ
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﰲ ))ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ((. ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﻚ.
ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﺗﺎﺗﻮﺭﻙ ﺃﻟﻐﻰ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺑﻴﻚ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﻟﻮﻫﺎ ﻭﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﻬﺎ :ﺗﺒﻴّﻚ.
ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺑﺎﻱ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ. ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻜﺎﺭ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺎﺭ.
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ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴﻠﻮﻥ :ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍۤﻟﲔ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﺠـﺮ ﻭﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻜَﻮﺍﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺼﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﻐﻀﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻲّ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑـﺄﻥ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺑﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻟﻴّﺔ ،ﻭﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﻴـﻚ
ﻳﻄﻠﻮﺍ ﲟﻌﺠﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﻓﻴﻤﺘﺺ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩّ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ﰲ ﻗﺮﻟﻖ ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻁ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﻠﺔ.
ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﻳﺰﻳﻞ ﻗﺸﺮﺗﻪ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻄﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻥ ﻓﻴﻄﺮّﻳﻪ ﻭﻳﺰﻳﻞ ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﮕﻮﻳّﺔ،
ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻄﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﻴﺞ ﺍﳌﻠـﻮﺙ ﺑﺎﻟـﺪﻫﻦ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﮕﻴﺔ ،ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺟﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺷـﻮﻳﺔ
ﻓﻴﻤﺘﺺ ﺩﻫﻨﻪ. ﻭﺍﻵﻏﻮﻳﺔ.
ﻭﳚﻠﺒﻮﻧﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ))ﻛﺸﺘﻌﺎﺭ(( ﴰﺎﱄ ﻭﻣﻊ ﺇﻟﻐﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺑﻼﺩﻧﺎ ﻻﺗﺰﺍﻝ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ.
ﺣﻠﺐ. ﻭﻋﻬﺪﻧﺎ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﺘﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ)):ﺑﺪﻧﺎ ﺃﺑﻮﻧﺎ ﺣﺴﻦ
ﻭﺍﳊﺒﻠﻰ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﺣّﻤﻬﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ. ﺑﻴﻚ ،ﺑﺪﻧﺎ((...
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ﺍﻟﺒۤﻴْﻠﻴﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑۤﻜَﻠٕﻚ ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺑۤﻴْﻠٕﻚ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﻭﰲ ﻟﻌﺐ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﻧﺒﺸﻮﺍ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﺃﺧـﺬﻭﺍ
ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻚ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳉﺰﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻬﺎ ﻣﺘـﺄﻧﻘﻮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻛﻮﺍﺯ ﻭﻧﻘﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﲢﺘـﻬﺎ ﺧـﻮﺍﰎ
ﺍﻷﺭﻳﺎﻑ. ﺫﻫﺒﻴﺔ ﺃﻭﺻﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺪﻓﻦ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﻚ ﻷﻥ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻟﻠﻴﻨﻪ. ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺑَﻠٓﻨـﺎٓ ﻭ ﺑٓﻠٓـﲏ ﻭ ﺑۤﻠٓﻨِـﻲ ﻭ ﺑَﻼﻧِـﻲ،
ﺑِﲔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺒﻀﻮﻥ ﻣﺒﻠـﻎ ﺍﻟﺒﻀـﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻠٓﻨَﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ.
ﺍﳌﺒﻴﻌﺔ :ﺑﲔ ﺑﺮﻛﺖ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻟﻒ ﺑﺮﻛﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺴﺖ ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﺠﺒﻞ ﺑﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﻐﻄّۤﺲ
ﺑﻴﻚ ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﻧﻮﻧﺎً :ﺍﻷﻟﻒ. ﺇﻳﺪﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﮕﻦ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺭﺗﺒﺔ ﻫﺎﻟﻀﺎﺑﻂ ﺑﻴﻨﺒﺎﺷﻲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﺴﻴﻠﻮﻥ :ﺑﻴّﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻮﻥ.
ﺑﻴۤﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ)) :ﺑﲔَ(( ﻇﺮﻑ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﻠﻮﱐ :ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﻮﺩ ،ﺃﺩﻳﺐ ﻭﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﺣﻠﱯ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ. ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١۰٤٢ﻫ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺕ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲪﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻮﱐ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻴْﻨَﻰ ﻭ ﺑَﻴْﻨٓﺖ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﻠﻮﱐ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ،
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺑﻴۤﻦ. ﻭﻟﺪ ﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺱ١۰٨٥ﻫ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺮّﺍ ﻭﺟﻮّﺍ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻻﺑﻮﺍﺏ ،ﺑﲔ ﲪّﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴۤﻠﻮﱐ :ﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻡ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣـﺔ
ﺍﻷﺧﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﰲ ﺗﻜﻠﻴﻒ ،ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﲔ. ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﺹ: ٧٥
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﺑﲔ ﻧﻔﺴﲔ ) :ﺣﺒﻠﻰ( ﺃﻱ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺗﻴﻤّﻢ ﻣﺮﻗﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻮﱐ
ﻣﻮﺯﻉ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﺑﲔ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻭﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﻮﻟﻮﺩﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﷲ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﻴﻘﲔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﺎﻁ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻜﻨﻪ ﻣـﺎﰲ ﻓﻘﱪﻩ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻗﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻖِ
ﺗﻜﻠﻴﻒ. ﺑﻘﺮﺏ ﺟﺐ ﺃﺳﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻴۤﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ BILLET :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺑﻴۤﻴّﻪ :ﺟُﻌﻞ
ﺑﻴﲏ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻚ ﺮ ﻭﺍﺵ ﻭﺻﱠﻠﻚ ﻟﻴّﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ،ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗـﺬﻛﺮﺓ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﻴﲏ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻚ ﺍﺩﲝﲏ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ.
ﻻﲡﺮﺣﲏ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻴﺘﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻟﺒﲔ ﻣﺎﺗﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺣﻨّﻪ ﺑﺘﻜـﻮﻥ ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺒﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻴﺘﺎﺕ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻴﺘﺠﻲ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ:
ﺳﻜّﺮﺕ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﳉﻨّﻪ ،ﻟﺒﲔ ﻣﺎﺗﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﻨﺔ ﺑﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻴﺘﺠﻴّﺔ.
ﺳﻜّﺮﺕ ﺍﳌْﺪﻳﻨﺔ. ﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻠﻴﺖ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﻟﻨَﻮْﻝ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﻴۤﻦ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ. ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻴۤﺮﻳﻦ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺍﻟﲔ.
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ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻴْﻨٓﺖ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺑﲔ. ﺑۤﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﻦ :ﺍﻟﺒُﻌﺪ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻕ .ﻭﺗـﺮﺩ ﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺧﺒﺰ ﻭﻣﻠﺢ ،ﻣـﺎﰲ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ ﻭﻏﻨﺎﺋﻬﻢ.
ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﻫﺎﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻜﻦ ﺃﺧـﺪ ﻭﻋﻄـﺎ ،ﻣـﺎﰲ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻏﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﲔ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﻐـﺮﺍﺏ
ﺗﻜﻠﻴﻒ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ،ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺴـﺮ ﺑـﲔ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻨﺬﺭ ﺑﺼﺮﺍﺧﻪ ﺑﻔﺮﺍﻕ ﳛﺪﺙ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ:
ﻛﻠﻴﻨﺎ( ،ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻓﺎﺭﻕ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻫﻢ ﻧﺰﻝ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺁﻣﻨﺎً.
ﺟﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻨﺎ(. ﺑَﻴﱠﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴّﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮﻩ ،ﻛﺸﻔﻪ ،ﺃﻭﺿﺤﻪ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻦ ﻣﺎﺻﻨﻊ ﺍﳊـﺪّﺍﺩ )ﺃﻱ: ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗﺒﻴّﻦ ﻭﺍﺗّﻀﺢ.
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻒ ،ﺃﻱ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻭﺓ(. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺒﻴﲔ ﻭﺗﺒﻴﻴﻨﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﻭﺻْـﻔِﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﻥ.
ﺗﻨﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﻳﺒﲔ :ﺷﺮﺡ ،ﺑﻴّﻦ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺵ ﺩﺧّﻞ ﺍﻟـﺪﻳﻮﻙ ﺑﻴﻨـﺎﺕ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺑﻴّﻦ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮُ
ﺍﳌﻠﻮﻙ؟. ﺑﺄﻧﻨﺎ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺃﻧﻨﺎ )ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ(.
ﺑﻴﻨﺒﺎﺷﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﳉﻴﺶ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ ،ﺗﺮﻛﻴـﺔ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑَﻴّﻦ ﺑْﺼﻴﺺ ﺿﻮ ،ﻫﺎﳌﻠﻴﺤـﺔ
ﺑﻴﻜﺒﺎﺷﻲ – ﻭﺗﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﻧﻮﻧﺎً – ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ. ﺑَﻴّﻨﺖ ﻣﻌﻮ ﻭﻫﺪﺍﻙ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ ﻣﺎﺑﻴّﻨﺖ ﻣﻌﻮ ،ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺗﺒﻴّۤﻦ
ﺑۤﻴﻨَﻤﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺑَﻴْﻨﻤﺎ :ﻇﺮﻑ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻣﻌﻚ ﻫﺎﳌﺮّﺓ ،ﻫﺎﻟﺘﻔﺎﺣﺔ ﻣﺒﻴّﻦ ﻋﻠﻴّﺎ )ﺃﻭ ﻣﺒﻴﻨْﺘﺎ( ﻣْﺪﻭﺩۤﺓ،
ﺍﳌﻔﺎﺟﺄﺓ ،ﻭﻻﺑﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ :ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻋﻢ ﻧﺎﻛﻞ ﺟﻴﺖ، ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺑﻴّﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻳٔﺎ ! ﺑﻴّﻦ ﺻﻮٓﰊ.
ﻣﻮ ﲪﺎﺗَﻚ ﺑﺘﺤﺒّﻚ؟. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﳉﻠّﺔ ﺑﺒﻴّﻦ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺱ )ﺃﻱ :ﺇﺫﺍ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﺪّﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻼﻡ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨّﻰ ﻟَﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺃَﻧﺪَﻩ ﻟـﻚ، ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﻋـﺮﻑ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺱ ﻛـﺒﲑ ﰲ
ﻭﺻﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ :ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺮ ﺭﻳﺜﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﺎﺩﻳﻚ. ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺔ( ،ﺍﳌﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﺑﺒﻴّﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻧﻮ.
ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﻨﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﱢﻨﺔ :ﺍﳊﺠّـﺔ ،ﻭﻫـﻲ ﻣـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺭﻓﺎﻉ ﺳﺎﻗﺎ ﺑﺒﻴّﻦ ﻣﻌﻼﻗﺎ.
ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺪّﻭ ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﺑﺒﻴّﻦ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﻨﺎﺕ. )ﻧَﺠَﺴﻮ( ،ﺇﻥ ﻗﻌﺪ ﻣﺎﺑﺒﻴّﻦ ﻭﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﺑﺰﻳّﻦ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑَﻴّﻨَﺔ ﻭﺑَﻴﱢﻨﺎﺕ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻻﻋﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ :ﺑـﻴّﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒِﻴﻮﺍﻅ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺑِﻴﻔﺎﺯ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑﻴﻮﺍﺯ: ﺍﻟﺼﱯ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺿﻄﺮ ﻷﻥ ﻳﻜﺸﻒ ﺣﺠﺮﺍً.
ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ ،ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺤﺴﺎﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻏﻨﺎﺋﻬﻢ[:
ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺸﻬﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﺑﻴّﻦ ﺑﻴّﻦ ﺑﻴّﻦ ﺑﻴّﻦ ﻋﺶ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺒﻞ ﺑﻴّﻦ
ﻛﺎﻟﻔﻼﻓﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺷـﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﻨـﺎﻉ ﺑۤﻴﻨﺎﺕ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ،ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺠﻞ ،ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ ﻓـﻼ ﻳﺴـﻤﻮﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﻮﺍﻅ
ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎً.
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ﺑَﻴّﻴﺾ ﻭﻫﺎﳉﻴﺠﺔ ﺑَﻴّﻴﻀﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓَﻌّﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﻴّﻮﺕ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻳﻄﺒﺦ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻥ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺑﺎﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻪ ﺍﳍﺎﺩﺋﺔ ﻟﻴﻼً ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﺒﻴﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻥ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫـﺎ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﱢﻴﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓَﻌّﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﺃﻭ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴّﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻮﻝ.
ﺑﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻴّﻮﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ
ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻧﻘﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﺸّﺮّﺍ. ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ ﻣﺎﳛﺸﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺐ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﻱّ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳋﺸـﺐ
ﻟﻴﺴﻤّﺮ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴّﻴﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴـﻴﻌﲔ ﻟﻠﻤـﺬﻛﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴّﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻧﺚ. ﺍﻟﺒَﻴﱢﻴﺾ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻨـﻮﻉ ﻣﺎﳉﻴـﺞ
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ﺍﻟﭙﺎﺀ
ـﺔ((،
ـﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻴـ
ـﺮ)) :ﺍﳌﻈﻠـ
ـﺎ ﺁﺧــﻊ ﳍـ ﻭﻭﺿـ )ﭖ( :ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻔﻈﻪ Pﻭﻻ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ. ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺒﺸﻴﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﭙٔﺎﺭْﺩﺳﻮ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺩﺳﻮ. ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﺑـﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﭙٔﺎﺱ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺹ. ﲢﺘﻬﺎ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ.
ﭘٔﺎﺱ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻛﺮ :ﭘﺎﺱ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ: ﻭﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﭘﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﭘﺎۤ.
ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﲨﻠﺔ JE PASSEﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻣـﺮّ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺟﺘـﺎﺯ، ﻭﻛﺘﺎﺑﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻓﻦ ،ﻭﺗﻨﻘﻴﻄﻬﺎ ﺑـﺜﻼﺙ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺟﺘﺎﺯ ﺻﻔﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﻭﻻ ﺃﺭﻏـﺐ ﰲ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻓﻦ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ،ﻭﺭﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﺑﺸـﻜﻞ
ﺍﻻﺷﺘﺮﺍﻙ ﻷﻥ ﻭﺭﻗﻲ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﲝﻬﺎ. ﺫﻱ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺭﺀﻭﺱ ﻓﻦ ،ﺷﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺼَﻨﺎﻉ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﺣﻲ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﭙٔﺎﺳﺘٔﻪ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﭙﺎﺳﺘﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :PASTA :ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﺼَﻨﺎﻉ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻯ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻨﺔ ،ﻭﲰﺎﻫﺎ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻼﻣﻌﺎﺕ(( ﻭﰲ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻤّﻞ ﺣﺴﺒﻮﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ :ﺗﻌـﺪﻝ
ﺍﻟﻔﻄﲑ ،ﺧﺒﺰ ﺍﳉﺮﻛﺲ. ﺍﻻﺛﻨﲔ.
ﺍﻟﭙﺎﻧﺴﻴﻮٓﻥ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ :PENSION :ﺍﻟﻨُـﺰُﻝ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٨ﺹ : ٦١۰ﻛﻴﻒ ﻧﻌﱪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ
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ﺍﻟﭙْﺮﻭٓﺳْﺘٔﺎﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PROSTATE :ﻏُﺪَﺩ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﭙﺮﻭ ٓﭘﺎﻏﺎﻧﺪﺍ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﭙﺮﻭ ﭘٔﻐﻨﺪٔﻩ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـﺔ:
ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻧﺔ ﳍﺎ ﺻﻠﺔ ﻛﱪﻯ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﻮﻝ. PROPAGANDAﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﺷﻲﺀ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺘﻌﻄﻞ ﻓﺘﺠﺮﻯ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ. ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﳝـﺎﻥ
ـﻴﺔ:ـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـ ـﺮﺍﻡ ،ﻣـ
ﺍﻟﭙْﺮﻭٓﮔ ـﺮﺍﻡ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﱪﻭﻏـ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﻣﻦ ٢٥ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻻً ﺃﻗﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑـﺎ ﻏﺮﻳﻐﻮﺭﻳـﻮﺱ
:PROGRAMMEﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ ،ﺍﳌِﻨﻬﺎﺝ ،ﺍﳋِﻄّﺔ ،ﻓﻬﺮﺱ ﻣﻮﺍﺩّ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﺔ ٦٢٢ﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻠﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺸـﲑ
ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭﺱ. ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ ،ﰒ ﻏﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ﻟﻜـﻞ
ﺍﻟﭙْﺮﻳﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PRISE :ﻣﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ. ﺩﻋﻮﺓ.
ﭘَﺮﻳﺸٔﺎﻥ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻮ – ﺍﳌﺴﻜﲔ – ﭘﺮﻳﺸﺎﻥ، ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﻋﺎﻳﺔ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺑَﺮﻳﺸﺎﻥ :ﺍﳌﺸَـﺘّﺖ ،ﻏـﲑ ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﳍﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ(( ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ.
ﺍﳌﻨﻈّﻢ ،ﺍﳌُﻮﺯّﻉ. ﺍﻟﭙْﺮﻭٓﺗٕﺴﺘٔﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PROTESTANT :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ
ﺍﻟﭙْﺮﳝﻮٓ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﱪﳝﻮ. ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺮﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺃﺗﺒـﺎﻉ ))ﻟـﻮﺛﺮ((
ﺍﻟﭙَﺸِﲔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺩﻓﻌﺖ ﻟﻠﻮ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﭘَﺸﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﳌﺼﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﻜَﻨَﺴﻲ ،ﻭﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺑﺎﻹﳒﻴﻠﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎً .ﻭﻗﻞّ ﺍﻟﻴـﻮﻡ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﭙﺮﻭﺗﺴﺘﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺏ ﰲ ﺃﻭﺍﺋـﻞ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ. ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ،١٩ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺒﺸـﺮﻭﻥ ـﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴـﺰ
ﭘَﻚ ﺃﻋﻠَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ)) :ﭘﻚ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺟﺪﺍً ،ﻭﻣـﻦ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﲑﻳﻜﺎﻥ.
))ﺃﻋﻠَﻰ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ. ﻭﺗﻌﺘﱪ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ ﺍﻹﳒﻴﻠﻴـﺔ ﰲ ﺑـﲑﻭﺕ :ﺍﻷﻡّ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﭘﻜﻲ. ﻟﻜﻨﺎﺋﺴﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ.
ﭘَﻜِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ))ﭘَﻚ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺟـﺪﺍً، ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٢۰ﺹ ٣٢۰ﻭ ﺱ ٢٧ﺹ.٦٨٩
ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﺃﻳّﻲ(( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﻯ ،ﺟﺪﺍً ﺣﺴـﻦ، ﺍﻟﭙْﺮﻭٓﺗۤﺴﺘﻮٓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـﺔ :PROTESTO :ﺻـﻚّ
ﻭﻫﻲ ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﺍﺩﻓﺔ ﳌﻌﲎ ﭘَﻚ ﺃﻋﻠَﻰ. ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺝ ،ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﳛﻤﻞ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﭙْﻼﺗﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ PLATINE :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﺳـﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ: ﺧﺼﻢ ﻟﻪ ﻛﻤﺒﻴﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﻭﺍﳋﺼﻢ ﳑﺘﻨﻊ ﻋـﻦ
PLATINAﺍﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ :PLATAﺍﻟﻔﻀّﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ.
ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﺳﻨﺠﺎﰊ ﺻﻌﺐ ﺍﻻﻧﺼﻬﺎﺭ ﺟﺪﺍً ،ﺃﺛﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻟﻠﺒﺴﺘﺎﱐ.
ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ،ﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ،ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﻄـﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﭙْﺮﻭٓﺗﻮٓﻛﻮٓﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ PROTOCOLE :ﻋـﻦ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺤﺐ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳـﻼﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴـﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌُﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ ،ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﻘـﺮﺭ
ﺍﻷﻭﺯﺍﻥ ﻭﰲ ﻃﺐ ﺍﻷﺳﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ. ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﻣﻮﻗﺘﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٦٤ﺹ.٢٣٤ ﻭُﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ :ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺳﻢ.
ﺍﻟﭙْﺮﻭٓﮊﻛﺘﻮٓﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PROJECTEUR :ﺟﻬﺎﺯ
ﻳﺴﻠﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻱّ.
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ﺍﻟﭙﻮٓﻛۤﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ :POKER :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﻭﺭﻕ ﻭﺿﻌﻮﺍ ﳍـﺎ :ﺍﻟﻠـﺪﺍﺋﻦ ،ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﻤـﻞ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ ،ﻭﺿـﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻣﲑﻳﻜﻴـﻮﻥ ،ﻭﺃﺻـﻞ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫـﺎ ﺩﻣﺸﻖ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﻧﺮﺍﻩ ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺎً ،ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﺋﻞ
ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻱ :ﳏﺮّﻙ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻤﻮﻉ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﳌﺎ ﺛﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻠّﺔ ﻛﺼﺤﻴﻔﺔ –
ﭘﻮٓﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ: ﺻﺤﺎﺋﻒ ﻭﺳﺤﺎﺑﺔ – ﺳﺤﺎﺋﺐ ﻭﻋﺠﻮﺯ – ﻋﺠـﺎﺋﺰ،
PAULﻋﻦ ﺑﻮﻟﺺ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋﻦ ﻓﻤﻔﺮﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﺪْﻥ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻠﺪﻳﻦ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.PAUL : ﺍﻟﭙْﻼﺳّۤﺔ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻻﻋﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﻮٓﻧﻜﺎﻥ :ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺑْﻼﺳّﺔ ﺣﱴ
ﺍﻟﭙُﻮﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭘُﻮﻝ :ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺻـﻄﻼﺣﺎً: ﺃﻓﺘﺢ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺭﻗﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺗﻄﺒـﻖ ﻣـﻊ
ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻗﻄـﻊ ﻭﺭﻗﻲ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ PLACÉE :ﲟﻌـﲎ :ﺍﳊﺎﻟّـﺔ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻣﻴﻨﻮ. ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎً ﺑﺎﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪّﻡ.
ﺍﻟﭙﻮٓﻧﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ :POUND :ﺍﻟﻠﲑﺓ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺮﻟﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﭙۤﻨۤﺴۤﻠﲔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﭘﻴﻨﻴﺴﻴﻠﲔ.
ﺗﻌﺪﻝ ٢۰ﺷﻠﻨﺎً. ﺍﻟﭙَﻨَﺴۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ :PENCE :ﻧﻘﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺻـﻔﺤﺔ
ﺍﻟﭙﻴﭗ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PIPE :ﺍﻟﺴْﺒﻴﻞ ﻳﺪﺧﻦ ﺑﻪ. ﳓﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺭﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﲬﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻬـﻮﺩ
ﺍﻟﭙۤﲑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PÉRE :ﺍﻷﺏ ،ﻭﻫـﻮ ﻟﻘـﺐ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺀﻫﻢ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﻣﻦ ١٢ﺟﺰﺀﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻠﲔ
ﻧﺼﺮﺍﱐ ﻟﻄﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻫﺒﺎﻥ. ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻱ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﭘۤﲑﺍﺕ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﺪﻋﻰ :PÉNZ :ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ.
ﭘﻴﺲ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺦ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺬﺭ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊـﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﭙَﻨَﺴۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ PINCE :ﻣﻦ :PINCERﻟﻘﻂ،
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﻭﺓ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺷﺎﻋﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻤّﺎﺷﺔ ﺗﺸﺪّ ﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻏﻲ.
ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻳﻨﻌﺘﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﭘﻴﺲ ﻣﻠّﺖ ،ﺃﻱ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﭙَﻨْﻜﺮﻳﺎﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻟﻘﺬﺭﺓ ،ﻳﺸﻴﻌﻮﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺮﻗﺔ. :PANCREASﻏﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﳌﻌـﺪﺓ ﺗﺼـﺐ
ﺍﻟﭙﻴﺴﺘﻮﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ،PISTON :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴـﺔ: ﻣﻔﺮﺯﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﺓ ﺍﳍﻀﻤﻴﺔ.
ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﺳۤﻠِﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ PORCELAINE :ﻋـﻦ
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴﺘﻮﻧﺎﺕ. ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻏﻀﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺗﻄﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ.
ﺍﻟﭙﻴﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PIQUE :ﻣﻦ ﺃﺷـﻜﺎﻝ ﻭﺭﻕ ﻧﺸﺄﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﭙﻮﺭﺳﻠﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ
ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ. ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻕ.ﻡ .ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻠﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺇﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻔﺮﻧﺴﺎ ﻓﺄﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﳌﺎﺟﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﻮﱐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
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:PÉNICILLINÉﺩﻭﺍﺀ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻔﻦ ﺗﻌـﺎﰿ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻟﭙﻴﻨﭙﻮﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳـﺔ :PING – PONG :ﻛـﺮﺓ
ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﺎﺕ ،ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﺃﳘﻴﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ٢٢ﻋﺪﺩ ٣ﺹ ٥۰ﻭﺱ ٣ﻋﺪﺩ ٣ﺹ ١٧ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ١۰ ﺍﻟﭙِﻴﻨَﻜﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :PINACLE :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﻭﺭﻕ
ﺹ ٦١ﻭﺱ ٥ﻋﺪﺩ ٥ﺹ ٤٨ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ٧ﺹ ٦٢ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ١ﺹ ٤٨ﻭﻋﺪﺩ٢
ﺍﻟﺸﺪّﺓ.
ﺹ ٥١ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ٦ﺹ.٤٩
ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ١۰٤ﺹ ١ﻭﺱ ١۰٥ﺹ ٣٩٩ﻭ ٤٨١ﻭﺱ ١۰٦ﺹ٧٢ ﺍﻟﭙۤﻴﻨﻴﺴﻴۤﻠﲔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﭙﻨﺴﻠﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:
ﻭ ٩٢ﻭ.١٨٩
٢٢٦
٢٢٧
٢٢٨
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ
))ﺗـﺎ((
ﻭﻗﺪ ﲤﺪّ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﺎﺀ ﺣﱴ ﻓﺘﺼـﲑ )ﺕ( :ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ))ﺗﺎۤ(( ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ.
ﻛﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺗﺎﻳْﺼﲑ ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺑﻘﻰ ﻓﻜّۤﺮ ﺑﺎﳉﺎﺯﺓ. ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳌﻌﺠـﻢ ﰲ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ))ﺗﺎ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ))ﺇﻟَﻰ(( ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﻭﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ :ﺣﻠﺒﺪﻥ ﺗﺎﺍﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻟﻪ :ﻣـﻦ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﺣـﱴ ﻭﻧﻘﻠﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﺷﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﳉﻤﻊ ﴰـﻞ
ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ. ﺷﺒﻬﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺩﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺭ)) :ﺇﻥ ﭼﺎﻥ ﺗـﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻥ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﻋﺸـﺮ ﰲ ﺗﺮﺗﻴـﺐ
ﻣﺎﭼﺎﻥ ﻻ ﺑِﺎﷲ(( ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺒﻠﺖَ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺳِﻴﺪَﻩ.
ﺩﻓﻌﺘﻪ ﲦﻦ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺘﻚ ﺗﺎ ﺃﻱ :ﺗﺄﺩﻓﻊ ﺃﻱ :ﺣﱴ ﺃﺅﺩّﻳـﻪ، ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﺸـﺮ ﰲ ﺗﺮﺗﻴـﺐ
ﻭﺇﻥ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﻓﻼ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻻ ﺃﺷﺘﺮﻱ. ﺳﻴﺒﻮﻳﻪ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺒﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺑـ ))ﻣﺎ(( ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﺗﺼﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺃﲜﺪﻱ ﻓﻬـﻲ ﺍﳊـﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﱐ
ﺎ :ﺳْﻜﻮﺕ ﺗَﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﻴﺒﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ،ﺭُﻭ ﲤﺎ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻳﺸﻮﻓﻚ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺷﺐ ﻣﺎۤﺷﻲ ﻭﺭﺍ ﺟﻨﺎﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻮْ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺎﻭْ.
ﺃﻣّﻮ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﻌﻖ ،ﻭﺃﻟﻮ ﺧﺎﻝ ﺍﲰﻮ ﺃﺑـﻮ ﺻٕـﺮﻡ ،ﺃﺟـﺎ ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺗَﻮْ.
ﻭﻭﺷْﻮﺷﻮ :ﺍﺑﻜﻲ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻋﺎﻟﺴﻜّﻴﺘﺔ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﺼﻴﺢ :ﻳﺎﻳﺎﻣﻮ ﻭﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﺐ ﺣﻖ ﺣـﺮﻑ Tﺃﻥ ﻳﻌـﺮﺏ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺧﺎﱄ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺻﺮﻡ ﺃﺳﻜﺖ ﲤﺎ ﻳﻌﻴﺒﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ،ﺇﻯۤ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﺀ ،ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺩﳝﺘﺮِﻱ.
ﲝﺴۤﻦ؟ ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻋﺮﺑﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺎﺕ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨّﺎﱐ ﺗﺄﺟﻲ ،ﺷٕـﻖّ ﻋـﻦ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻄﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻮﭘﻮﻏﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ.
ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﻼّ ﺗﻴﻨﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻨّﻚ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﻋﺮﺑﻮﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻭﺗﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﺀ ،ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺿﻠّﺖ ﲣﺴّﻞ ﺍﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﲣﻠﺼۤﺖ ﺇﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻙ.
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻧﺔ ،ﺃﺵ ﱄ ﺎﳌﻴّﺖ ﺗَﺄَﺧﺴﻠﻮ؟ ،ﺟﻮّﺯﻧﺎ ﺑﻨﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻃﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﺎﻫﺪﺕ ﰲ ﺭﺣﻠﱵ ﺇﻟﻴﻬـﺎ ﺃﻥ
ﺗﻨﻌﺒّﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﻗﻤﺎﺵ ﺃﺟﺖ ﻭﺟﺎﺑﺖ ﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ )ﺍﳌﻬﺮ( ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﻳﺮﲰﻮﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﺀ :ﺮﺍﻥ.
ﺑﺒﻼﺵ ،ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻻﺗﻜٓﺴﺮ ﻭﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﻻ ﺗﺎﻛﻞ ﻭﻛﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺘَﻮّﺟﺔ:
ﻛﻮﻝ ﺗﺘﺸﺒﻊ ،ﺑﺼﲑ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻲ ﺗﻴﺤﺠّﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻘِﻴﻘﺎﻥ ﻭﻳﺮﺟﻌﻮﺍ ﺃ – ﺗﺎﺀ ﺣﺘّﻰ:
ﺑﻼ ﺳِﻴﻘﺎﻥ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺳْﻤﺎﻉ ﻛﻠﻤﱵ ﺗَﺄﺣﺒّﻚ ،ﺭﮔـﺪْ –
ﺳﺒﻌﻲ! ﺭﮔﺪْ ﺗَﺘﻠﺤﻖ ﻗﻮﺍﻡ ،ﻭﺗﻌﺎ ﺗَﻨﺘﻌﺸﱠﻰ ﺳﻮﺍ :ﻫـﺬﻩ
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻧﺮﻯ ﺃﺎ ﺗﺎﺀ ))ﺣﺘّﻰ((.
ﻭﱂ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺗﺎﺀ ﺣﺘّﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻫﻲ ))ﺗَﻼﻥ(( ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻫﺎ :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻵﻥ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻔﺴﺮﻭﻫﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺯﺍﺋﺪﺓ ،ﻭﳓﻦ ﻧﺮﻯ ﺃﺎ
ﺗﺎﺀ ﺣﱴ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻵﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻨﺘَﻢ ﻧَﺄﻣّۤﻞ ﺗَﻨﺤﻤّۤﻞ.
٢٢٩
ﺍﻟﺸْﺨﺎﺧٔﺔ ،ﺍﳉﺮّٔﺓ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺼّٔﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻌﻀّٔﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻄّٔـﺔ ،ﺍﳉﻈّٔـﺔ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[:
ﺍﻟﺒﻘّٔﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻷﻟﻒ. ﺇﻥ ﺳﺒّﲏ ﺍﻟﻨَﺪْﻝ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﻋﺮْﺽ ﺗَﻴٕﻨﺴَﺐ
–ً ٤ﺗﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ :ﺍﳉﺮﺃﺓ ،ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ. ﻭﺇﻥ ﻋﻀّﲏ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﺃﺵ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ؟ ﺃﻋﺾ ﺍﻟﻜﻠ ْ
ﺐ
ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﲰﻮﺍ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﻭﻗﻔـﻮﺍ ﺏ – ﺗﺎﺀ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ:
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﺀ :ﻧﺸﺄﺕْ ،ﺻﻔﻮﺕ ،ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺖ ،ﺷﺎﻛﺮﻧﻌﻤﺖ، ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺗﺎﺀ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺗﺘﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﻭﻫـﻲ ﺗـﺎﺀ
ﻋﺎﺭﻑ ﺣﻜﻤﺖ. ))ﺗﻌﻤﻞ(( ﻛﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﻻﺎﺩﺍ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ.
ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮﻭﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘـﺎﺀ ﺝ– – ﺗﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ:
ﺍﳌﺮﺑﻮﻃﺔ ،ﻭﻣﺬﻫﺒﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﺘﻜﺘـﺐ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑـﺎﷲ ﻭﺗٕـﺎﷲ ﻣﺎﺳْـﻄﻌﺘﻮ ،ﻭﻻ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺮﺃ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺆﻛﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﻘﺴﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ.
–ً ٥ﺗﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ :ﺃﻧﺜﻮﻫﺎ ﺇﳌﺎﻋـﺎً ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ:
ﺃﺎ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺁﻟﺔ ﻭﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﲞّﺎﺧﺔ ﻭﺳﺨّﺎﻧﺔ ﺃ – ﺗﻠﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﻭﻳﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﳍـﺎﺀ
ﻭﲰّﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﻏﺴّﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﻟﻘّﺎﻃﺔ ﻭﻛﻤّﺎﺷﺔ ﻭﻣﺴّﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﻧﻜّﺎﺷﺔ. ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:
ﺏ – ﻭﺗﻠﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﻳﻮﻗـﻒ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ –ً ١ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ :ﺻﺒﻴّﺔ ،ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺔ ،ﻭﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﳌﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ: ﻳﺴﻜﻦ ﻣﺎﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ :ﺻﺒﻴْﱵ ،ﻣﻌﻠﻤْﱵ.
–ً ١ﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ :ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﺃﻧﺎ. ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔٕ ﺍﻧﻔﺲ ﻭﲬﺴﺔٕ ﺍﺭﻃﺎﻝ ﻭ....
ﻭﻣﺎﺭﺩﻳﻦ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﲰﻌﺖُ ،ﻓﺘﻀﻢ ﺗﺎﺀ ﺍﳌـﺘﻜﻠﻢ، ﻭﻋﺸﺮﺓٕ ﺍﺭﻏﻔﺔ ،ﻓﻴﺤﺮﻛﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﲝﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟـﺮﺩّﺓ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺯﺍﺭﱐ ﻣﺴﺘﺸﺮﻕ ﺃﳌﺎﱐ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻪ ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ))ﻗﻠـﺖُ(( ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ.
– ﻛﻤﺎ ﲰﺎﻫﺎ – ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﳍﺠﺘﻬﺎ. –ً ٢ﻟﻠﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﺟﺒﻨۤﺔ ،ﻭﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻹﺿـﺎﻓﺔ
–ً ٢ﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ :ﻧﻘﻠﺖ ﺃﻧﺖ. ﻳﺴﻜﻦ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﺎﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ :ﻗﻄﻌْﱵ ﺟﺒﻨْﱵ.
–ً ٣ﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﲰﻌﱵ ﺃﻧﱵ. ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ))ﻳۤـﻪ(( ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺗـﺎﺀ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻖ ﰲ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺮﲰﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﻛﺮﺷﺎۤﻳﺔ ﻭﻋﻨﺒﺎۤﻳﺔ ،ﻭﳚﻮﺯ ﺃﺕ ﲣﺘﺼﺮ ))ﻳـﻪ((
))ﺗِﻲ(( ﻷﺎ ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻳﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ. ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻓﻘﻂ :ﻛﺮﺷﺎۤﻱ ﻭﻋﻨﺒﺎۤﻱ.
ﻭﺇﺷﺒﺎﻉ ﺗﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﺔ ﺣﱴ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﺴﺮﺎ ﻳﺎﺀ –ً ٣ﻟﻠﻨﺴﺐ :ﺑﻮۤﺍﺭﺗۤﺔ ،ﺃﺩﺍﻟﺒـﺔ ،ﺣَﻤﺎﺻـﻨﺔ،
ﻟﻐﺔ ﺣﻜﺎﻫﺎ ﻳﻮﻧﺲ ﻭﺃﻧﻜﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﺻﻤﻌﻲ – ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ))ﲝﺮ ﻗْﺒﺎﺑْﻨﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻌﻮّﺍﻡ(( –. ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺐ ﲰﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ.
–ً ٤ﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺨـﺎﻃﺒِﲔ :ﺗﻌﺒﺘـﻮ ﻛـﺘﲑ ﺍﷲ ﻭﳝﺎﻝ ﻣﺎﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ،ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺣـﺪ ﻫـﺬﻩ
ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ. ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ :ﺥ ﺭ ﺹ ﺽ ﻁ ﻅ ﻍ ﻕ )ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ
ﻭﺍﳌﺜﲎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺎﳉﻤﻊ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻔﺨﻢ ﻓﺘﺤﺘﻬﺎ( ﻓﺈﺎ ﻻﲤﺎﻝ:
–ً ٥ﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺟﺮﻳﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ:
ﻓﺎﻃﻤۤﺔ ﺭﺍﺣۤﺖ.
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ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻧﺲ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺼـﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻭﳝﺎﻝ ﻣﺎﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻻ ﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﻞ ﻳﻔﺘﺤﻮﻥ:
ﺑﺄﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ. ﻓﺎﻃﻤۤﺔ ﺭﺍﺣَﺖ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﺟَﺖ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻮﺍﻟَﻒ ﻭﺗﻮﻟّﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ. ] –ً ٦ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻛﻠﺖ ﻭﭼّﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﻠﻮﺍ
ﺗْﺂﻟَﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺁﳌﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﻭﭼّﻲ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﻋﺎﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺍﺣﻮﺍ .ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ
ﺃﻭﺟﻌﻪ. ﻓﻌﻞ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺬﻛﺮﺍً ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺆﻧﺜﺎً ﺟﺎﺯ
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺗﺄﻟّﻢ. ﺃﻥ ﻳﻠﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ.
ﺗْﺂﻣﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗَﺂﻣﺮﻭﺍ :ﺗﺸﺎﻭﺭﻭﺍ ﺑﺄﺫﻳّﺔ. ﺗْﺂﺟﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺟـﺮ
ﺗْﺂﻭﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋـﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻭَﻯ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻛﺮﺍﻫﺎ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﺃﻭ ﺃﻭَﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖَ :ﻧﺰﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺗْﺂﺧﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺂﺧﻴﺎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﺧـﺎً
ﺗﺎﺏ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺎﺏ ﻳﺘﻮﺏ ﺗَﻮْﺑﺔ :ﺭﺟﻊ ﻋـﻦ ﺫﻧﺒـﻪ ﻟﻶﺧﺮ.
ﻭﺃﻧﺎﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑۤﺔ. ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﲣﺎﻭﻯ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺛﺎﺏ :ﺭﺟﻊ. ﺗﺂﺩَﻯ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ))ﺗْﺂﺫَﻯ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗٓﺐ. ﺗْﺂﺫَﻯ ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺂﺩَﻯ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗََﺄﺫﱠﻯ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃَﺛّﺮ ﻓﻴـﻪ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺷﺎﺏ :ﺭﺟﻊ. ﺍﻷﺫﻯ ،ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﳉﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﺎﺏ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﺏ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒّﺎﺩ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺻﺒّﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﻣٔﻲ ﻏﺎﻟﻴﺔ
ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﳒﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً(. ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗﺘﻌﺎﻭﺫ ﻭﺗﺴﻤّﻲ ﻭﺗﺰﻣﺰﻕ ﺑﺘﻤّـﺎ ﺗْﻠـﺖ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺗﺎﺏ ﺗﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺎﺿﺮﻳﻦ ،ﺗَﻤَﺎ ﺗﺘﺂﺫَﻯ.
ﺗْﺄﺑّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﺑّﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﱂ ﻳﺮﺿﻪ ،ﻛﺮﻫﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴّﺎﻉ ﺍﳌـﺄﻛﻮﻻﺕ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺭﻭ ﺍﻗﺼٓﻮﺩ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻫۤﻮّﻩ ﺟَﻤَـﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺯَﺓ :ﺃﻛّﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺯﺓ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺂﺫﻯ )ﳜﻴـﻞ ﺇﻟـﻴﻬﻢ ﺃـﻢ
ﺍﶈﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺄَﺑّﻰ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺗَﻚ. ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ(.
ﺗﺎﺑَﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ :ﻭﺍﻟَـﻰ ﺗْﺂﻛﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻛـﻞ
ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ،ﻭﺗﺎﺑﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﻭﺍﻓﻘﻪ ،ﻭﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻪ: )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(.
ﺳﺮﺩﻩ ﻭﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﻗﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻻﺣـﻖَ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﺋﺘﻜﻞ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ. ﺗْﺂﻟﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺁﻟﺶ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑۤﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑِﻊ :ﺍﳋﺎﺩﻡ ،ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺗﺼﺮﱠﻑ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻛﻤﺎﻳﻠﻲ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺪّﻙ ﺗﺘﻌﺪّﺏ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺷـﻐﻠﺔ
ﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﺎﺗﺘﺂﻟﺶ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ.
ﺗْﺂﻟﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﺂﻟﻔـﻮﺍ :ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻌـﻮﺍ،
٢٣١
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻏﲑﻩ :ﺣﺒﺸﻴﺔ :TABOT :ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ. ﺗﺎﺑْﻌﻲ ،ﺗﺎﺑٕﻌﻨﺎ ،ﺗﺎﺑْﻌَﻚ ،ﺗﺎﺑْﻌۤﻚ ،ﺗﺎﺑٕﻌﻜٓﻦ ،ﺗﺎﺑْﻌﻮٓ ،ﺗﺎﺑْﻌﺎ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٣ﺹ.١٢٢ ﺗﺎﺑْﻌٓﻦ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ. ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑْﻌﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑِﻌﻮﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﺭﻛﻮﺍ ﺃﺣـﺪ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ: ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ.
.TABUT ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑْﻌﻴّﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑِﻌﻴّﺔ :ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﻲ
ﻭﻟﻠﺰﺑﻴﺪﻱ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ(( ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻝ ﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ))ﺗﺒﻊ((.
ﺍﳌﺒﺘﻮﺕ ﰲ ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻮﺕ((. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻴّﺖ ،ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺑﻮﺕ ﳐْٔﻠـﻮٔﻉ ﺍﳉﻨﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ
ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﺗﻔﺎﺳﻲ ،ﺗﺮﺣّﻤﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺧﻮﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺩﻭﻫﺎ ﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺪﻟﻮﻝ.
ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﺪّ )ﺗﺒﻌﻮ( ﻣﺎﻟﺘﺎﺑﻮﺕ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺒﻊ.
ﻭﺭﲟﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺑﻮﺕ ﺍﳋﺸـﱯ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑۤﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑَﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑِﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﺑَـﻞ
ﳏﺴّﻦ(( ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﻭﻉ ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻰ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ. ﻭﺍﻟﺘَﻮْﺑَﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﻞ :ﺃﺑـﺰﺍﺭ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻓَﺤّـﺔ ﺃﻱ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎﻋﻨﺪﻭ ﺗﺎﺑﻮﺕ ﻳﻬـﺰّﻭ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ،ﺗﻄﻴّﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﻬﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻠﻔـﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻧﻔـﻞ
)ﺃﺻﻠﻪ :ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﺪﺍﺩﻩ ﻭﱄّ ﻳﺸﻔﻊ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﷲ ،ﰒ ﻭﺣﺐ ﺍﳍﺎﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺐ .ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻤﺮﺓ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﰲ ﻣﻦ ﻻﻣﻠﺘﻤﺲ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ(. ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺰﺑﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﻠﺢ.
ﺗَﺄﺗَﺄ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﳌﺎ ﲝﻜﻲ ﺑﺘﺄﺗۤﺊ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺄﺗﺄ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑِﻞ ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻣـﺎﻟﻮﺍ ،ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ
ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺭﺩّﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ. ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ.
ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺗﻌﺘﻊ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺗَﺒﻠﲔ.
ﺗْﺄَﺗّﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺗﺄﺗّﻰ ﻟٓﻮ ﻳﺸـﻮﻓﻚ ،ﻋﺠـﺐ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺒﻞ.
ﺑﺘْﺄَﺗّﻰ ﱄ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺃﺗﺰﻧﻜَﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ؟ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﺗّﻰ :ﺗَﺴﻬّﻞ. ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٥٥ﺹ ،٦٦ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ :ﺱ ١٤ﻋﺪﺩ ٧١٧ﺹ.٢٤
ﺗْﺄَﺗّﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺄﺗّﺖ ﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﺛﺚ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻮﺕ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﻳﺪﻓﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﻴـﺖ
)ﺑﺎﻟﺜﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺜﻠﺜﺔ( ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﺃﺻﺎﺏ ﺭﻳﺎﺷﺎً ﺃﻭ ﺧﲑﺍً ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ،ﻭﳛﻤﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﱪ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻡ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺿﻢّ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﳛﺘﺎﺟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺌﻮﻧﺔ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ.
ﺃﺛﺎﺙ. ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻮﺕ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺼﺐ ﻓـﻮﻕ
ﺗﺎﺗﺮﻭٓ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺗﻴﺎﺗﺮﻭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﻘﱪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺸﺐ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻞ ﻣﺴﻘﻮﻑ ﻳﺴﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﺗْﺄَﺛّﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﺛّﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻪ :ﺣﺼﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﺛـﺮ ﺛﻮﺏ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ،ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻤّﺔ ﲤﺜﻞ ﻋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﲔ.
ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺯﻋﻞ ﻭﺍﻧﻔﻌﻞ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻴﺖ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺗﺄﺛّﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛّـﺮ ،ﻭﺭﺑـﻤﺎ ﺃﺧﻄﺌـﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻮﺕ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ATAUD :
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ATAUDE :
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﺩﺧﻴﻞ ﻗﺪﱘ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ:
ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ ،ﺍﻟﺴَﻔَﻂ.
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ﺍﺷﺘﻐﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ. ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍً ﻟﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃَﺛّـﺮ ﻻ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺗَﺠَﺮ )ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﻛَﺎﻓﺎً(. ﺗﺄﺛّﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﻥ ﺗﺎﺟﺮﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﻛﻔﺎﻥ ﺑﺘﺒﻄّـﻞ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄﺛﱡﺮ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﲤﻮﺕ )ﺃﻱ :ﳓﻦ ﺳﻴّﺌﻮ ﺍﳊﻆّ(. ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻠﻮﻳﺔ :ﺗﺎﻙ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺑﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﺗﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﲪﻮﻱ ﻣـﺎ ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﳌﻠﻮﻙ ،ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻠـﻮﻱ
ﻋﺎﺷﺮﺕ ﺑﺄﻳۤﺶ ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮﺕ. ـﻴﺔ:
ـﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴــﻮﺩ ،ﻋﺮﺑـﻮﺍ ـ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤـ
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺟۤﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺟِﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻃﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ. ،COURONNEﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺠﺎﻥ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻄـﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻷﺛـﺮﻱ:
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺠّﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ. ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﱐ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺰﻧﻄﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﱐ ﻭﺍﳌﺼـﺮﻱ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠٓﺮﺍٓ ﻭﺗَﺎﺟٓﺮﺍٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ: ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﻨﺎﻥ.
ﲡﺮَﺍ ﻭﺗﺎﺟﺮَﺍ )ﻭﺍﳉﲔ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻛَﺎﻓﺎً(. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺗﻴﺠﺎﻥ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ: ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗٓﺠٓﺎ ﻭ ﺗٓﺎﺟٓﺎ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﲡَـﺎ
ﺗُﺠّﺎﺭ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻔﺮﺩ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ .ﻭﺯﺭﺕ ﺃﻧـﺎ ﰲ ﻭﺗﺎﺟَﺎ )ﻭﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻛَﺎﻓﺎً(.
ﻃﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ))ﺳﻴّﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺠّﺎﺭ((. ﻭﺑﺎﻷﺭﻣﻨﻴﺔ TAK :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻳﺴـﻤﻮﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻴﻨﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺎﺟﺮ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ TAKAVOR :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻷﲪﺪ ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ :ﺹ – ٣٤٧ﺗﺎﺟﺮ ﻭﻣْﻨَﺠّﻢ ﻣﺎﺑﺼﲑ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺎﺝ ﻭﺗﻴﺠﺎﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠّﺎﺭ. ﻭﺿﺮﻳﺢ ))ﺗﺎﺝ ﳏﻞ(( ﰲ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻋﺎﳌﻲ.
ﺗْﺄَﺟّﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟّﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻋﻬﺪَ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻋﻨﺔ ﺃﺳﻮﺍﻕ ﺧﺎﺻـﺔ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺃَﺟَﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻛﺮﺍﻫﺎ. ﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺠﺎﻥ.
ﺗْﺄَﺟّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗََﺄﺟّﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ :ﺗﺄﺧّﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺟﻞ، ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻭﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﺇﱃ
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺃﺟّﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺗﻔﻨﻦ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﻓﻴﻪ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺄﺟﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺟﻞ ﻣﺴﻤّﻰ ﺃﻭ ﻏـﲑ ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻣﻼﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﺣـﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺿـﻌﺎً:
ﻣﺴﻤّﻰ. ﻋﺒﺪَﻙ ﻣﺎﲝﺐ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺛﻘﻠﺔ ﻟَﺤﺪﺍ ،ﻓﻴﺠﺎﺏ :ﺗﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺱ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ :ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻳﻘﻮّﻱ ﺗﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﻮﺭﻫﻢ ،ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺗـﺎﺟﻮ ﰲ
ﺃﺳﻄﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺭﺗﺄﻯ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻴﺎً ﻳﻨﺘﺴﺐ ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﺇﱃ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻻﻣﻄﻤﻊ ﳍﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻫﺘـﺪﻯ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﺘـﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺗﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺀ ﺍﻷﺷﺮﻑ :ﻧﺴّﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮّ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ
ﺳﻔﲑ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳـﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺤـﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻧﺘﻘـﺎﺀ ﺱ٦١۰ﻫ.
ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ ﻭﻋﻘﺪ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴـﺔ ﻣﻌـﻪ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﻔﻴـﺮﻩ ﺗﺎﺝ ﺍﳌﻠﻮﻙ ﺑﻮْﺭﻱ ﺑﻦ ﺃﻳّﻮﺏ :ﺃﺧﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺻﻼﺡ
ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ،ﻟﻪ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﺷﻌﺮ ،ﺃﺻﺎﺑﺘﻪ ﻃﻌﻨﺔ ﺑﺮﻛﺒﺘـﻪ ﻭﻫـﻮ
ﳛﺎﺻﺮ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﻤﺎﺕ ﺱ.٥٧٩
ﺗَﺎﺟٔﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺎﺟَﺮ :ﺗﻌﺎﻃـﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺠـﺎﺭﺓ،
٢٣٣
–ً ١ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎۤﺩﰲ ،ﻭﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﺭﺑﻌـﲔ ﺳـﻨﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺭﺋﻴﺴـًﺎ
ﻻﺗﺰﺭﻋﻪ ﺇﳕﺎ ﻳﺰﺭﻉ ﰲ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﺬﺭﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺎﺩﻑ. ﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ ،ﻓﻠﺒّﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻭﻋﻘﺪ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺳـﺎﻓﺮ
–ً ٢ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺩﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﻘﺔ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﻃﻌﻮﻣﻪ. ﻫﺎﻫﻮ ﺫﺍ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻴﻨﺎ ﻳﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺎﺑﲔ ﻟﻴﺴﻬﻞ
–ً ٣ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺩﰲ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﺑﻠﻖ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺃﻭﺍﺧـﺮ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﺗﻔﻘﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﻄﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻫﻦ ،ﻭﺍﳌـﺎﺑﲔ ﻳﻌـﺪﻩ ﰒ
ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻒ. ﻳﺆﺟﻞ ﰒ ﻳﺴﻮّﻑ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻜﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺟﻴﻞ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻪ:
ﻭﰲ ﺗﺎﺩﻑ ﻛﻬﻒ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻬـﻮﺩ ﻭﺃﻧﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻬﻤﻚ ﻭﺭﺍﺗﺒﻚ ﳚﺮﻱ ؟ ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻭﺃﻟﻐﻰ
ﻳﺸﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺳﺮﺍﺟﺎً ﻟﻴﻼً ﻭﺎﺭﺍً ﻭﺣﻮﻟﻪ ﺷـﺒﻪ ﻣﻌﺒـﺪ، ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻﻳﺮﺿﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﺟﺮﺍً ﻟﻌﻤﻞٍ ﻣﻮﻫﻮﻡ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻭﻗﺘﺎً ﻓﻴﻪ ﰲ ﻋﻴﺪ ﺍﳌﻈﺎﻝ. ﺗَﺎﺟۤﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺟﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﳍﻢ ﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻜﻤﻬﻢ:
ﻭﺍﻵﻥ ﺧﺮﺏ ﻭﺪّﻡ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺷﺎﺋﻦ ﻣـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﭺّ ﺗﺎﺟﺔ ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻀﻲ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻉ. ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺟِﻲ :ﳛﲕ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟـﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﳊﻠـﱯ
ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺎﺫِﻑ. ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١١٥٨ﻫ.
ﻭﻳﺰﻋﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻣﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺲ ﻋﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ: ﺗْﺄَﺧّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﺧّﺮ :ﺿﺪّ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ،ﻭﻣﺼـﺪﺭﻩ:
ﻭﻳﺎﺭﺏّ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺻﺎﱀ ﻗﺪ ﺷﻬﺪﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺧّﺮ ﻻ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺧﲑ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﺧّـﺮ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ –
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ﻭﻣﺎ ﻭﺻﻞ ﳍﺎﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺇﻻ ﻭﻫﺠﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﻠـﱯ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩﻱ – ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﳏﺒّـﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﻠـﻮﺏ – ﺣﺒّـﻮﺍ
ﻳﺒﻮﺳﻮ ﻭﻳﺸﻬﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻜﺎ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﺄﻳﻨﺎ ﺩﻣﻮﻉ؟ ﻳﺎ ﺻـﺤﺎﰊ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺪّﻣﻮ ﻭﻋﻼّﻩ ﺣﱴ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻴﻤﻨﺘﻮ.
ﺑﺪﻣﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺭ. ﻧﺮﺟﻊ ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ ﺍﳊﻠـﱯ ،ﳝﻜـﻦ
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺫِﰲّ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﳛﲕ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﲰﻌﺖ ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃﻧﻮ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺣﺮﻳﻘـﺔ ﻛـﺒﲑﺓ
ﺍﳊﻨﺒﻠﻲ ﰒ ﺍﳊﻨﻔﻲ ﰲ ﺣﻠـﺐ ،ﻭﻟـﺪ ﻭﻣـﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻵﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻳﻘﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺣﺘـﺮﻕ
ﺱ٩٦٣ﻫ. ﳐﺰﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻨﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻲ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻥّ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺫِﰲّ :ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ،ﻧﺸﺄ ﰲ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﺷﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻭﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﺄﺫﻥ ﺍﻟـﻮﺯﻳﺮ
ﻭﻭﱄ ﻗﻀﺎﺀﻫﺎ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺱ ٩۰۰ﻫ. ﻭﺩﺧﻞ ﻭﺑﻜﻰ ﻭﺷﻜﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻳﺮ ﲰﻊ ﻭﻗﺎﻡ ﻭﺭﺍﺡ.
ﺗٔﺎﺭ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺛﺎﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻫﺎﺝ. ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺷْﻮﻱ ﺩﺧﻞ ﻛﺒﲑ ﺍﳋﺪﻡ ﻭﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺒﻨﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻊ ،ﺗﺎﺭﺕ ﻋﻴﻨﻮ. ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻐﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ ،ﻃﻠۤﻊ ﺑﺄۤﻳﻨﺎ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ؟ ﻣﻜﺴـﻮﻑ
ﺍﻟﺘٔﺎﺭ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﺄﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻃﻠﺐ ﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﻴـﻞ، ﺣﺰﻳﻦ ﺟﻮﻋﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺃﺵ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ؟ ﺍﷲ ﻻﻳﺰﻝ ﻋﺰﻳﺰ،
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻮﺀ. ﺷﻮﻓﻮ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺸﺤﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻣﻊ ﻋﻢ ﲞﻨﻖ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺧﺪ ﺗﺎﺭﻭ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻮﰱ ﺗﺎﺭﻭ. ﺻﻮﺗﻮ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻭ :ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺃﺧـﺪ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺭ ﺃﺟﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺳﺄﻟﻮ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺘﻮ ،ﺣﻜﺎﻫﺎ ،ﻗـﺎﻝ
ﻭﻛﺸﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭ. ﻟﻮ :ﺑﺘﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﰲ ﳐﺰﱐ ،ﺃﻧﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﳐﺰﻥ ﻫﻮٓﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﰱ ﺗـﺎﺭﻭ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﰲ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ.
ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻗﺎﻝ ﳊﺎﻟﻮ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺠﻠﺖ. ﺭﺿﻲ ،ﻭﺷﻮﻓﻮ ﻫﻠّﻖ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺨﺰﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻐﻞ ﻛﻠّﻮ
ﺗﺎۤﺭۤﺏ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ،ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺶ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺃﺷﻄﺮ ﻣﺎﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ،ﻭﺑﻌـﺪ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ))ﺃﺛﺎﺭِﺏ(( ،ﻭﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ :ﻟﻴﺘﺎﺭﰊ. ﻣﺪّﺓ ﺷﺎﺭﻛﻮ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺟﻮّﺯﻭ ﺑﻨﺘﻮ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﳎﺎﻭﺭﻭﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ :ﺃﻫﻞ ﳓﻨﻪ ﻫﻠّﻖ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﻌﺒّﻰ ﻧﺎﺱ
ﺗﺎﺭﺏ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻟﻮ ﻣَﺂﺭﺏ. ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﺎﺭ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﺃﻋﻴﺎﺎ ﻣﻌﺰﻭﻣﲔ ﻋﺎﻟﻜﺘـﺎۤﺏ ،ﻭﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﺄَﺭْﺟﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺟٕﻤٕﻠﱳ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩﻱ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺟﻮﺣﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺭﻛﺒﻬﺎ ،ﺃﻭ ﲟﻌﲎ ﲤﺎﻳﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻡ ﻭﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺮﺡ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﳛﻜﻲ ﺃﻏﺮﺏ
ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺍﺀ. ﻣﺎ ﺻﺎﺩﻑ ﰲ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻮ ،ﺣﻜﻮﺍ ﻛﻠّﻴﱳ ﺣﱴ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٣١ﺹ ٣٤٣ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲤﺮﺟﺢ. ﻟﻌﻨﺪﻭ ،ﺍﲰﻌﻮ ﻋﻢ ﲝﻜﻲ:
ﺗْﺄَﺭّٔﺥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭّﺥ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺧﺎﻭﻳﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﺻﺎﻓﻴﺘﻮ،
ﻭﳌﺎ ﻭﺩﻋﺘﻮ ﺃﺷﻬﺪﺕ ﺭﰊ ﻋﺎﻹﺧﻼﺹ ،ﻭﺗﻔﺎﺭﻗﻨﺎ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪ
ﻛﻢ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺃﺟﺎ ﻟﻘﺼﺮﻱ ﻭﺷﻜﺎ ﱄ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ ،ﺗﺄﺫّﻳـﺖ
ﻛﺘﲑ ﻭﻗﻠﺖ ﳊﺎﱄ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﻄﻴﺘﻮ ﻣﺎﻝ ﺑـﺪّﺍ ﻋﻴﻨـﻮ ﺗـﺘﻢ
ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭﺓ ﻷﱐ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻭﱄّ ﻧﻌﻤﺘـﻮ ،ﻗﻤـﺖ ﻛﻠﻔـﺖ
ﻫﺎﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﻳﻔـﺘﺢ ﳐـﺰﻥ ﻭﻳﺸـﻐّﻠﻮ ﻋﻨـﺪﻭ
ﻭﻳﺸﺎﺭﻛﻮ ﻭﳚﻮﺯﻭ ﺑﻨﺘﻮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ...
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ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻋﻠﻢ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺣـﻮﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟـﺰﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﻗّﺘﻪ ،ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺗﺄﺭﳜﺎً.
ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ. ﺗْﺄَﺭّﺽ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺄﺭّﺽ ﺍﳌﺮﺿـﺎﻥ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺩﺧﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻪ ﺃﱂ ﰲ ﺍﳌَﻘْﻌَﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﳉﻠﻮﺱ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ،
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻣﻨﻜﺮ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺄﺭّﺽ :ﺗﺜﺎﻗﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻭﺑﺎﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﺃﻗﺎﻡ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ. ﻭﲤﻜﻦ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ.
]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺳﺄﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺟﺎﻫـﻞ ﻭﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﳊـﺎﺝ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ
ﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﺟﻬﻞ ﻣﻨّﻮ: ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺮ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺄﺭّﺽ.
ﺃﺵ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺗْﺄَﺭﮔﻞ :ﺃﻭ ﺗَﺄَﺭﮔﻞ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺗﻨـﺪﺭﺍً ﻓﻘـﻂ ﰲ
ﺑﻌﺼﺎﻩ؟ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺗﺄﺭﮔﻞ ﻭﺃﺭﮔﻞ ﺃﺧـﺎﻩ
ﺃﻭٓ ! ﻫَﻲْ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻗﺪﳝﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺯﻣـﺎﻥ ﻫـﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺩﺧّﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﮔﻴﻠﺔ ﻭ ،...ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺎﺩ ﳌﺎ ﺗﻜﻮّﻣﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺧﻮﺗﻮ ﻭﺯﺗّﻮﻩ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺐ ﻭﺇﺟﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗَﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﮔﻴﻠﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﻼ :ﻳﺎﻧﺎﺭ ﻛﻮﱐ ﺑﺮﺩﺍً ﻭﺳﻼﻣﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺑﻦ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻔﻨﻨﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺪﺭ ﺑﺎﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ :ﻣـﻦ
ﺃﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ. ﺗﺄﺭﮔﻞ ﻭﺮﮔﻞ ﻭﺗﺪﺭﻛﻞ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ.
ﺗْﺄَﺯّﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﺯّﻡ :ﺗﺄﻟّﻢ ﺗﺎﺭﺓً :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﺓ :ﺍﳌﺮّﺓ ،ﺍﳊﲔ.
ﻷﺯﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺷﺪّﺗﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺃﺻـﺎﺑﺘﻬﻢ ﺃﺯﻣـﺔ ﺃﻱ: ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﺍﺕ.
ﺷﺪّﺓ ﻭﺿﻴﻘﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺎﺭﺓً.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﺄﺯﻣۤﺖ ﺍﳊﺎﻟۤـﺔ ،ﻓﺎﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻭﺩ] :ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﺷﺮﺍﻢ[ ﺑﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﺃﻫﻞ
ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻪ ﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ. ﺩﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺭ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﻢ :ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﻳﻔﺖّ ﻭﻳﺼـﺐّ
ﺍﻟﺘٔﺎﺯﻣٔﺎﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﺔ :ﺍﳋﺮﻭﻑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌـﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻣۤﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ.
ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺮﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﺮّﺍﻥ ﻭﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺎﺯﻣﺎﺯ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓـﺎﻋﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻄﻴـﻒ،
ﺍﻟﺘَﺎﺯَﻩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗٔﺰَﻩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ. ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺮﻳﺖ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺄﻛﻮﻝ ﻳﻌـﺮﺽ ﺗﺎۤﺭِﻱ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﲑﻱ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ. ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻌﻴﲔ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ: ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ.
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺯَﺝ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﺑﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳌﺄﻛﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻌﺮﺽ ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺆﺭﺧﻮﺍ ﲝﺎﺩﺙ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺟﺮﻯ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ،
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ :ﺃﻛّﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺯَﻩ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺂﺫَﻯ )ﻭﳜﻴﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ ﺃـﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻮ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﺳﻠﻘﻨﺎ.
ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ(. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﺋﻦ ﺣﻲ(( ﳉﺮﺟﻲ ﺯﻳﺪﺍﻥ :ﺹ.٥۰
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓـﻼﻥ :ﺗﻄﺒﻴـﺶ ﺗـﺎﺯَﻩ
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ﺗْﺄﺻّٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄﺻّﻞ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ ﺃﺻﻞ، )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻧﻪ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ(.
ﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﻇﻒ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛـﺎﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﻣﻮﻇﻔﺎً ﻣﻮﻗﺘﺎً ﻓﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻌﺪّﻩ ﺃﺻﻴﻼً. ﻳﺎﺳﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑْﺰﺍﺯﺍ ﺑﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﻠﻲ ﺗﺎﺯَﻩ
ﺗْﺄﻓﱠﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻓّﻒ :ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃُﻑﱟ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺮﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻇﻦ ﺃﻥ ))ﺗﺎﺯَﻩ(( ﺃﺗﻰ ﺎ ﺭﻏﺒﺘﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺴـﺠﻴﻊ
ﺿﺠﺮ. ﻓﻘﻂ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺄﻓﱡﻒ. ﺗْﺄﺳﱠﻰ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ :ﺗْﺄﺫﱠﻯ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻓۤﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻓِﻪ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺗَﻔِـﻪ ﺗْﺄَﺳﱠﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﺳﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻭُﺿﻊ ﺃﺳﺎﺳُﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻗﻞّ ﻭﺧﺲّ ﻭﺣﻘﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡُ :ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻟﻪ ﻃﻌﻢ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄﺳﱡﺲ.
ﻣﻦ ﳓﻮ ﺍﳊﻤﻮﺿﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﻼﻭﺓ ﺃﻭ... ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳۤﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳِﻊ :ﻣﺎﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺗﻔـﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻓـﻪ ﺗْﺄَﺳّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﺳﱠﻒ :ﺗَﻠَﻬّﻒ ،ﺣﺰﻥ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻫﺔ. ﻣﺎﻓﺎﺕ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒٔﺎﻩ :ﺍﻟﺮﺩﻱﺀ ،ﺍﳌﻨﱳ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻞ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗََﺄﺳﱡﻒ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﺄﺳﱡﻒ
ﻭﻳﻠﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺟﺬﺭ ))ﺗﻒ(( ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺇﻳﺪﻩ ﺭﻡ :ﺁﺳﻒ ،ﺃﺗﺄﺳّﻒ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺎﻕ :ﺗَﻒّ ﻭﺗﻔﻞ ﻭﺗﻔﻪ. ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻮﻋﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﻟّﺪ :ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﳏﺮّﻡ،
ﺗْﺄﻗﻠَﻢ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ :ﺃﻗﻠﻢ ﲟﻌﲎ: ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻌﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﻔﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﺰﻳﻦ ﲟﻘﺘﻞ ﺍﳊﺴﲔ ﺑﻌـﺪ
ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻗـﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴـﻒ ﻳﻮﻡ.
ﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺑﻴﺌﺘﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﺄﻓﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻮﻣۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺎﺳْﻤﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺗٔﺎﺻﻤٔﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻃٔﺴْﻤٔﻪ
ﺃﻗﻠﻢَ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ. ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺗﺎﺳُﻢْ :ﺍﻟﺴﲑ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘِﺪّﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺜﺒّﺖ ﺍﳊﺬﺍﺀ
ﺗْﺄَﻛّﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛّﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻘـﺪَ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻬـﺪَ: ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﻡ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً.
ﻭﺛّﻘﻪ ،ﻭﻭﻛّﺪ ﺃﻓﺼﺢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛّﺪ. ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺍﻧﺴﺔ((
ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻮﻣﺔ ﰲ ))ﺍﻹﻣﺘﺎﻉ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺃﻛﺪ. ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪﻱ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻛﱡﺪ. ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺳﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑـﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻭﺻﺎﻧﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﺎﺋﻌﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺳﻴﻤﻲ.
ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﺄﻛّـﺪﺕُ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮَ ﺃﻱ :ﲢﻘﻘﺘـﻪ ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻴﻘﻨﺘﻪ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ))ﺗﺄﻛّﺪ(( ﺇﻻ ﻻﺯﻣﺎً ،ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺗﺄﻛّﺪ ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﺳﻮﻣﺔ ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺁﺧﺪ ﺣﻘّـﻲ
ﱄ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ ﺃﻱ :ﺛﺒﺖ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﻭﲢﻘﻖ. ﻣٕﻨّﻚ.
ﺗْﺄﻛّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻛّـﻞ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ: ﺗْﺄَﺷّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﺷّـﺮ
)ﺍﳌﻮﻟّﺪﺓ( :ﻭﺿﻊ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗـﻮﻫّﻢ ﺃﺻـﺎﻟﺔ ﳘـﺰﺓ
ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ.
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ﺃﻛﻞ ﺑﻌﻀُﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﺍﻷﺳﻨﺎﻥُ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ :ﺃﺻﺎﺎ ﺍﻷُﻛﺎﻝ.
ﺧُﺮﺍﺝ ﻧﺎﺗﻰﺀ ﺻﻠﺐ ﻣﺴﺘﺪﻳﺮ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻛﱡﻞ.
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ.TILOS : ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺗﺎﻛﻞ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻮﻟـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﺎﻟﻮﻻﻱ ﺗَﺎﻟَﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﻨﺎ ﻋﻢ ﻧﻠﻌﺐ ﻛﻮﻧﻜـﺎﻥ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻮﻻﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻮﻻﺕ. ﺗﻨﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﺃﺟﺎ ﺍﳊﺠّﻲ ﻭﺗﺎﻟَﺘْﻨﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻠّﻖ ﺗﻌﺎ ﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﻭﺗﺎۤﻟﺘﻨﺎ ،ﻣﻦ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺗَﻠْﺘﻮﻝ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺛَﻠَﺜَﻬﻤﺎ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺛﺎﻟﺜﻬﻤﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪّ ﺍﻟﻨﺠـﻮﻡ ﺑﻄﻠـﻊ ﻟـﻮ ]ﻣﻦ ﺁﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺷﻔﺖ ﺗﻨﲔ ﻋﻢ ﲝﻜﻮﺍ ﻣـﻊ
ﺗﺎﻟﻮﻝ ،ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﻳﺰﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻮﻝ ﺟﻴﺐ ﺳـﺒﻊ ﺣﺒّـﺎﺕ ﺑﻌﻀﻦ ﻻﺗﺘﺎﻟﱳ.
ﺷﻌﲑ ﻭﺍﺩﺣﺸﻦ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻮﻳﺘﲔ ﻭﺯﺗّﻦ ﰲ ﺟﺐ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺃﺩﺍﻥ ﺗﺎۤﻟۤﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ.
ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﻭﻗﻮﻝ – ﻭﻗﺖ ﺯﺗّﻦ – ﻫَﻠّﻞ ﺍﳌﻬﻠﻮﻝ ﻭﻛـﻨّﺲ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﺎﻟﺖ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﻓﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻮﻝ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﺗﻠﺠﺔ ﺳَﻢّ ﻭﺗﺎﱐ ﺗﻠﺠﺔ ﺩﻡّ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻟۤﺔ ! ﻭﺗﺎﻟﺖ ﺗﻠﺠﺔ ﻛﻮﻝ ﻛﻮﻝ ﻭﻻ ﺘﻢ.
ﻋﺮﺍﺱ ﺃﻧﻔﻚ ﺗﺎﻟﻮﻟۤﺔ !. ﺗْﺄَﻟّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺄَﻟّﻒ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﺗـﻨﻈﻢ،
ﺍﻧﻈــﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄــﻒ :ﺱ ٢٩ﺹ ١۰٩٧ﻭ :ﺱ ٤٦ﺹ ١٨۰ﻭ :ﺱ٧٢ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﲡﻤﻌﻮﺍ.
ﺹ.١٩٤ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺗﺄﻟّﻔﺖ ﲨﻌﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟـ ّﱪ
ﺍﻟﺘَﺎﻟِﻲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻭ ﺗﺎﱄ ﺣـﻮﺵ ﻭﺑﺘﻤﻨّﻰ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺗﺘﺄﻟّﻒ ﻟـﻮ ﲨﻌﻴّـﺔ،
ﻭﺑﺎﻋﺎ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻴﺔ. ﻭﻣﺎﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﲨﻌﻴﺔ ﺇﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ،ﺗﺄﻟّﻒ ﺍﻟﻜْﺘﺎﺏ ،ﺗﺄﻟّﻔۤﺖ
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﱄ. ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﱄ ﻣﺼـﺮﻳﺎﺕ
ﻭﺻﺮﻓﺎ ﻭﻫﻠّﻖ ﻋﻢ ﲝﻮّﺵ ﻟﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﱄ ﺷﻐﻠﺔ ﻳﺴـﺘﺮ ﺗْﺄَﻟّﻢ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺂﻟَﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻟّﻢ :ﺗﻮﺟّﻊ.
ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻭﳝﻀّﻲ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﱄ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ،ﺣﺼﺎﻥ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﻕ ﺍﻹﻣﲔ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄﻟﱡﻢ.
ﳏﺠّﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﻟِﻲ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺘﺄﱂ ﻋﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﺑـﺬﻝ ﻭﻗﺘـ ٓﻮ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ. ﻭﺻﺤﺘﻮ ﻭﺩﻣّﻮ ﻭﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﻭﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﻭﻓﻜﺮﻭ ﻭﺑﻌـﺪﺍ ﺑـﺂۤﺧۤﺮ
ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﺑﻀﻄﻬﺪﻭﻩ ﻭﺑﺴﻤﻮﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻹﻳﺪ ﺍﳌﻘﻄﻮﻋﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻣﭙﻮٓﻥ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻤْﭙﻮٓﻥ ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻃﺎﻣﭙﻮﻥ ﻭﻃﻤﭙﻮﻥ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :TAMPON :ﺍﻻﺻﻄﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﲔ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺗْﺄﻟّﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻟّﻪ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺇﳍـﺎً ،ﺗﻜﻠّـﻒ
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ. ﺍﻹﻻﻫﻴّﺔ.
ﺗْﺄَﻣّﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻣّﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺗﺴﻠّﻂ ﻭﲢﻜّﻢ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺗْﺄﻣّﺮ ﺗْﻨﻤّﺮ.
ﺗْﺄﻣْﺮٔﻙ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﻫـﻮّۤﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻮﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺜُﺆْﻟﻮﻝ :ﺑَﺜْﺮ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﺃﺧـﻮﻩ ﻷﻣﲑﻳﻜﺎ ،ﺃﺧﻮﻩ ﺗﺄﻣـﺮﻙ ﻭﻫـﻮّﻩ ﺟـﺎﺏ
٢٣٨
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻧﱢﻲ. ﻟﻮ ﻛﻢ ﻣﺼﺮﻳّﺔ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺮﻯ ﻟﻮ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﻛﻢ ﺑﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﻌـﻴﺶ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺗﺄﻧّﻰ ﻧـﺎﻝ ﻣـﺎ ﻳـﺘﻤﲎ ﻣﻨّﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻘـﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﻘﺴـﻤﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻌـﻞ
)ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻋﺮﰊ( ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﱢﻲ ﺍﻟﺴـﻼﻣۤﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻠـﺔ ﺗْﺄﻣﺮﻙ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃﻣﲑﻳﻜﻴﺎً.
ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﻣۤﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻌَﺠَﻠﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﺸۤﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﱢﻲ ﻣﺎﻟﺮﲪﺎﻥ. ﺗْﺄَﻣّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻣّﻠﻪ :ﻧﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﺜﺒﺘﺎً ،ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ
ﺗْﺄَﻧّﺚ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻴﻪ :ﺃﻋﺎﺩ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ.
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﳊﻖ ﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻣﱡﻞ ﻭﺗَﺄَﻣﻼﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ. ﺗْﺄَﻣّﻞ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴـﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٢٦ﺹ :٤٢٦ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ. ﺗَﺄَﻣّﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺧﲑﺍً ﺃﻱ :ﺭﺟﺎﻩ ﻭﺗﻮﻗﻌﻪ ،ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣّﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺒﺖ
ﺗْﺄَﻧّﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻧّﺲ :ﺃَﻧِﺲ. ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻜﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻭﻻ ﳚﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣـﻞ ﰲ ﺷـﻲﺀ،
ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﻮﻧّﺲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ :ﺃﻣّﻞ :ﲝﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻭﺃَﻣَﻞ :ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﻒ.
ﺗْﺄَﻧّٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗـﺄﻧّﻖ ﰲ ﺗْﺄَﻣّﻢ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ
ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ :ﺃﺣﺪﺛﻪ ﺑﺈﺗﻘﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺗﺄﻧّﻖ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﺃﻧﻴﻖ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣّﻢ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫـﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﻣـﺔ
ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(.
ﺍﻟﺘٔﺎﻧْﻚ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻧْﻚ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ:TANK : ﺍﻟﺘﺎۤﻣﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ :ﻣﺎﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ.
ﺍﻟﺪﺑّﺎﺑﺔ. ﺗْﺄﻣّﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣّﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﻌﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ، ﻭﺛﻖ ﺑﺄﻣﺎﻧﺘﻪ ،ﺃﻣّﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﻣﻴﻨـﺎً ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ،
ﲰﻴﺖ ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﺗﻀﻠﻴﻼً ﻟﻠﻌـﺪﻭ ﻭﺃﻣّﻨﻪ :ﺩﻓﻊ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﳋﻮﻑ ﻭﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺎً.
ﻛﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻬﺎ ،ﰒ ﺳﺮﺕ. ﺍﻟﺘَﺄﻣﻴﻢ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﻣّﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﲰﲔ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻧﻚ. ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣﲔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺃﻣّﻦ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺄَﻧﮕﮋ :ﺃﻭ ﺗﺄﻧﮕﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﺎً ﻷﻧﮕﮋ. ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣﲔ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ،ﻭﻣﻨـﻬﺎ ﺿـﺪ
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻧﮕﻮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ TANGO :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﺳـﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ: ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ ﻭﺿﺪ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻕ ﻭﺿﺪ ﺍﳌﺮﺽ ﻭ...
ﺭﻗﺼﺔ ﺃﺭﺟﻨﺘﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺭﺷﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﻫﺎﺩﺋﺔ ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﲞﻄﻮﺍﺎ ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ :ﺷـﺮﻛﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻔﺴﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﳚﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﻳﻀـﻴﻖ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻬﺎﺩ ،ﻓﺄﳘﻠﺖ.
ﻧﻄﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﺗﺪﺭﳚﻴﺎً ،ﻭﺇﻳﻘـﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻮﺳـﻴﻘﺎ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺭﺑـﺎﻋﻲ ﻧﺸﺄ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣﲔ ﰲ ﺇﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺇﻧﻜﻠﺘـﺮﺍ ،ﻭﻛـﺎﻥ
ﺍﳋﻄﻮﺍﺕ. ﻣﻘﺘﺼﺮﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﺤﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ،ﰒ ﺗﻼﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘـﺄﻣﲔ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ٨ﻋﺪﺩ ١٢ﺹ ،٤٢ﻭ :ﺱ ١٤ﻋﺪﺩ ٩ﺹ.١۰ ﺿﺪ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ ﰒ ﺗﻼﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﺎﻧِﻲ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎۤﱐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ،ﻣﺎﻳﺄﰐ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺗْﺄَﻧّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗََﺄﻧّﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻭﺑﻪ :ﺗﻨﻈّﺮ ﻭﺗﺮﻓّﻖ
ﺍﻷﻭﻝ. ﻭﲤﻬّﻞ.
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ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻳﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺑﺲ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻳﺢ ،ﻓﺈﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺐ ﺟﻒ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﺗﻠﺠﺔ ﺳﻢ ﻭﺗﺎﱐ ﺗﻠﺠﺔ ﺩﻡ
ﺭﺣﻴﻘﻪ. ﻭﺗﺎﻟﺖ ﺗﻠﺠﻮ ﻛﻮﻝ ﻛﻮﻝ ﻭﻻ ـﺘﻢ ،ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﻟـﺔ ﺃﻭّﻻ
]ﻣﻦ ﻏﻨﺎﺋﻬﻢ[: ﺷﻬﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺗﺎﻧﻴّﺎ ﻧﺪﺍﻣﺔ ﻭﺁﺧﺮﺗﺎ ﻏﺮﺍﻣﺔ.
ﻃﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ ﻃﺎﺡ ﻳﺎﺑﻮ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﺡ! ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺷٕﺮۤﺏ ﺷﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﱐ
ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﳌﻔﺘـﺎﺡ ﻧﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺎﻟﻨﺎﻃﻮﺭ ﳌﱠﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ )ﻋﻘﺒﻮ(.
ﻭﺇﱃ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﳕﻴﻞ ،ﻓﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﺩﺑﺲ ﺗـﺎﻳﺢ ﺗﺎﻩ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺿﻞّ ،ﲢﻴّﺮ ،ﺃﺿﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳـﻖ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺃﻱ :ﻃﺎﻳﺢ ﻋﻨﺒُﻪ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﱯ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﳌﻌﲎ ﻏﻠﻂ ﻭﺃﺧﻄﺄ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮﻱ ﳓﻮ :ﺯﻳﺪ ﻋﺎﱂ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑٕﺠﻲ ﻟَﻴﺘﻮﻩ ﺑٕﻐﻠﻂ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻳﺢ :ﺍﻟﻔﻼّﰐ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺪّﺍﺩ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻛﺜـﺮﺓ
ﺗْﺄَﻳّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻳّﺪ :ﺗﻘﻮﱠﻯ ،ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺃﻳّﺪﻩ. ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ(.
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﻷﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ،ﺃﻱ ﺑﺬﻟﺖ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻮﻩ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻳﻬﺔ.
ﻗﻮّﺎ ﰲ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺘﻪ. ﺗْﺄﻫّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗََﺄﻫّﻞ :ﺗﺰﻭﺝ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻫﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺘٔﺎﻳْﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳـﺔ :TIDEﺫﺭﻭﺭ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺗْﺄَﻫﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫّﻞ ﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﺻﺎﺑﻮﻧﺎً ،ﻭ ))ﺗﺎﻳﺪ(( :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﻟﻪ ﻫﻲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺎﻭﺻﻠﻨﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ :ﺃﻫﻼً ﻭﺳﻬﻼً.
ﻓﺄﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﻪ. ﺗْﺄَﻭّﺥ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺥ ﻭ ﺃﻭٓﺥ ﻓﻌﻼً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ:
ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻳْﻬَﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺁﺥ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻭﺥ.
ﻳﻘﻊ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﺳﺒﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ،ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻮﻉ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﺗْﺄَﻭّٔﻝ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺃﻭّﻝ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﻳﻘﻞّ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺍﳊﻼﻗﲔ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺎﻣـﺎﺕ ﻭﳓﻮﻫـﺎ ،ﻷﻥ ﺃﻭّﻝَ :ﻋﻢ ﺑْﺘﺄﻭّﻝ ﻛﻼﻣﻨﺎ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺼﻮّﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻌﺪّﻭﻥ ﻟﻠﻌﻴﺪ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﻪ :ﺑﻴـﻮﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴـﻮﻣﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺄَﻭّٔﻩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺄَﻭّﻩ :ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺁﻩ ،ﺷﻜﺎ ،ﺗﻮﺟّﻊ.
ﺑﺜﻼﺛﺔ. ﺍﻟﺘﺎۤﻳﺢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺩﺑﺲ ﺗﺎﻳﺢ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟـﺪﺑﺲ
ﺗْﺒﺎﺟﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ: ﺍﳌﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻴّﻰﺀ ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺯْﺑﻴﺐ ﺗﺎﻳﺢ .ﱂ ﳒـﺪ
ﺗَﺒﺎﺟﺤﻮﺍ :ﺗﻔﺎﺧﺮﻭﺍ. ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺎﻓﻪ ﻭﺳـﺎﻳﺢ ﺃﻱ :ﲰـﻮﺍ
ﺗْﺒﺎﺣﺚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ ﺑﻈﺎﻫﺮﺗﻴﻪ ﺍﳍﺎﻣﺘﲔ :ﺗﻔﺎﻫﺔ ﻃﻌﻤﻪ ﻭﻛـﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﺋﻊ ﳚﺮﻱ،
ﻭﺗﻨﺎﻗﺸﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ. ﺃﻭ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻳـﺢ ﻣﻦ ﻃـﺎﺡ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ :ﻫﻠﻚ ﺃﻭ
ﺗْﺒﺎﺧٔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲞﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ. ﺃﺷـﺮﻑ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﳍــﻼﻙ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻨﺒــﻪ
ﺗْﺒﺎﺩٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﺠﻞ ﺃﺷـﺮﻑ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻣﻀـﻲّ ﻭﻗـﺘﻪ ﻟﺬﺍ ﺟـﺎﺀ ﻣﻨـﻪ
ﺇﱃ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﺮﻏﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺃﺳﺮﻉ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﺃﻭ ﳎﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺗَﺒﺎﺩﺭﻭﺍ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺳﺮﻋﻮﺍ ﺃﻳﻬﻢ ﻳﺴﺒﻖ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﻴﻐﻠﺐ.
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ﺗْﺒَﺎﺯٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺭ ﺍﻟـﱵ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗْﺒﺎﺩﺭ ﻟﺬﻫﻨﻮ ﺃﻧّﻚ – ﳌﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯﺍﺭ. ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻨﺼﺤﻮ – ﺃﻟﻚ ﻏﺎﻳۤﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺯﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺯﺍﺭ. ﺗْﺒﺎﺩَﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒﺎﺩﻻ ﺛﻮﺑﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑ ﺫﻟـﻚ:
ﺗْﺒﺎﺷٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒﺎﺷﺮﻭﺍ :ﺑﺸّﺮ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﺃﺧﺬ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺛﻮﺏ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺸﺮ ﻭﺗﺒﺸﺮ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺪﻝ ﻭﺗﺒﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻧﺒﺪﻝ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺒﺎﺩُﻝ.
ﻇﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻌِﺪﺍ ﺃﻧّﻨﺎ ﻣﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﻨﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﻷﺳـﺮﻯ ،ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪ
ﻭﺗﺒﺎﺷﺮﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﺡ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻏﻴﺒﺘﻨﺎ ﺛﺎﻗﻔﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ :ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻻ ﺍﻟﻠـﻮﺍﺋﺢ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸـﺘﺎﺋﻢ ﺃﻭ
ﺗْﺒﺎﺷﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺸﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺍﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ...
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﺒﺸﻊ. ﺗْﺒﺎﺭٔﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒﺎﺭﺩ :ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﱪﻭﺩﺓ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘَﺒﺎﺷﲑ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘَﺒَﺸﲑ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﻄٔﺒﺎٔﺷﲑ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﺇﺗﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺣﻘﲑﺓ ﲤﺠﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟـﻨﻔﺲ
ﻭ ﺍﻟﻄٔﺒٔﺸﲑ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﻪ ﺷﲑ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ: ﻻﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻞ :ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺲ ،ﻭﺃﺻـﻠﻪ ﺗْﺒﺎﺭٔﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒﺎﺭﺯﺍ :ﺑﺮﺯ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻨـﻬﻤﺎ
ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺃﺻﺪﺍﻑ ﲝﺮﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﺟـﺪﺍً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌـﺔ، ﺇﱃ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻓﻘﺎﺗﻠﻪ.
ﲤﺰﺝ ﺑﺎﳉﲑ ﻭﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻗﻼﻡ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ـﺎ ﺑـﺎﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺗَﺒﺎﺭٔﻙ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﷲ :ﺗﻘﺪّﺱ ﻭﺗﱰّﻩ ﻭﺗﻌﻈّـﻢ،
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻮﺭﺓ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻠﻮّﻥ. ﻭﺑﻪ :ﺗﻔﺎﺀﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﺒﺎﺷﲑ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﺍﷲ ﺍﻧﺘﻌـﺎﱃ
ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺎﺭ ﻭﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﺍﻷﻧﻄـﺎﻛﻲ ﺑﻠﻔـﻆ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﻳﻘﺼﻒ ﻋﻤﺮۤﻙ ﻳﺎﲪﺎﰐ!
ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺷﲑ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ:
ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺍﳊَﻜﻚ ﺃﺧﺬﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﺗﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﷲ.
ﺍﳊَﻜَﻚ :ﺣﺠﺮ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﺧﺎﻡ. ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺗَﺒﺎﺭﻙ :ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﻏﲑ ﻓﲏ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴﺪ. ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ،ﺃﻭﳍـﺎ﴿ :ﺗﺒـﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﺑﻴـﺪﻩ
ﺗْﺒﺎﻃٔﻰ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺒﺎﻃﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒﺎﻃﺄ ﰲ ﺳـﲑﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ﴾...
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– ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺸﻌﲔ؟ ﺗْﺒﺎﻟَﺪ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺒَﻠّﺪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﺑﻠﻴﺪﺍً،
– ﻫﺪﻭٓﻝ ﺑﻐﻤّﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻋﻨّٓﻦ. ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺒَﻼﺩﺓ.
ﺗَﺒّﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺒّﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﺈﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻭﺃﺟﺮﻳﻪ ،ﻣﻦ ﺗْﺒﺎﻟَﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑٕﻠۤﺶ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺛﺒّﺘﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺴﻚ ﺑﻘﻮّﺓ. ﺗْﺒﺎﻟٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠﻴﻂ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻛْﻠﻮ ﺷٕﻢّ ﻻﺗﺪﻭﻕ ﻭﺗَﺒّۤـﺖ ﺍﻟﺘَﺒّﺎﻥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﱭ.
ﻻﺗﻘﻊ. ﺍﻟﺘَﺒّﺎﻥ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺳﺮﻭﺍﻝ ﻗﺼﲑ
ﺗَﺒّﺖ ﻳَﺪﺍ :ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻳﻬﺰﺝ ـﺎ ﻟﻠﺴﺎﲝﲔ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻋﲔ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ،MAILLOT :
ﺃﻭﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺗﻴﺐ ﺣﲔ ﻳﺒﻠﻐﻮﺎ. ﻋﺮﺑﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒّﺎﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﺗَﺒّﺖ ﻳﺪﺍ ،ﺟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻐﺪﺍ ،ﺩﻕ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﺑﲔ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻣﺎﰲ ﺣﺪﺍ. ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗُﻮﺑٓﻨﺎٓ.
ﺗْﺒَﺘّﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﺘَﻚ. ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗﻮﺑﻨَﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﺗَﺒّﺎﻥ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺩﺧـﻞ
ﺗْﺒﺠﺒﺞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺒﺠﺒﺞ ﺍﳋﺒـﺰ ﺍﳌﻨﻘـﻮﻉ ﻗﻨﺒﺎﺯﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻠﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺳﺮﻭﺍﻟﻪ.
ﻭﺗﺒﺠﺒﺠﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻣﺎﳌﻄﺮ ﻭﺗﻌﺒّﺖ ﺁﻃﻴﺎﻥ. ﺩﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺒّﺎﻧۤﺔ :ﲰﻮﺍ ﺎ ﺍَﺮﱠﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲜﺒﺞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺒﺎﻫَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒﺎﻫَﻮﺍ :ﺗﻔﺎﺧﺮﻭﺍ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺗْﺒﺠّﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ: ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﺣﺪ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺒﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﺎﺑﻨﻮ.
ﺗﺒﺠّﺢ :ﺍﻓﺘﺨﺮ ﻭﺗﻌﻈﻢ ﻭﺑﺎﻫَﻰ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒﺎﻫِﻲ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺒﺎﺟﺢ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻋﺎ ﺑﺘﺘﺒﺎﻫَﻰ ﺑﺸﻌﺮ ﺑﻨـﺖ
ﺗْﺒﺠّٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲜّﻖ. ﺍﺧﺘﺎ )ﺃﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺍﻷﺑﺸﻴﻬﻲ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻄﺮﻑ(((.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺟ ١ﺹ.٤٨
ﺗْﺒﭽّﻚ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺑﺘﺸﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﺗْﺒﺎﻭٔﺱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻭﺱ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ –
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ﺗْﺒَﺪﱠﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺪﱠﻝ :ﺗﻐﻴّﺮ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﻋﻮﺿﺎً ﻋـﻦ ﺗْﺒَﺤّﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺤّﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ :ﺗﻌﻤّـﻖ ﻓﻴـﻪ
ﻏﲑﻩ. ﻭﺗﻮﺳّﻊ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃُﻟﻘﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ.
ﺗْﺒَﺬّﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَـﺬﱠﻝ: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺤﱡﺮ.
ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮّﻥ. ﺗْﺒﺤْﻠٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﻓﻮ ﺗﺒﺤﻠﻘۤﺖ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺬﻳﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺑـﺬّﺭ :ﺃﺳـﺮﻑ ﺇﺳـﺮﺍﻓﺎً ﻣﻦ ﲝﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ.
ﻣﻔﺴﺪﺍً. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲝﻠﻖ.
ﺍﻟٕﺘﺒْﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘِﺒْﺮ :ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﰲ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[:
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﱭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋٕﺘۤﻖ ﻣﺎﺑﺼﲑ ﺗﱪ. ﺃﲪﺮ ﺃﲪﺮ ﺩﻧﺒﺎۤﻛـﻲ ﲜﻲ ﻣﲏ ﻟَﺸْﻔﺎۤﻛﻲ
ﺗْﺒَﺮّﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺮّﺃ – ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗـﻪ – ﻣـﻦ ﻭﳌﺎ ﲟﺎﻃﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲤّﻚ ﺑﺘﺒﺤﻠﻖ ﻟﻮ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻜﻲ
ﺍﻟﺬﻧﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻤﺔ :ﲣﻠّﺺ ﻣﻨﻪ. ) :ﺷﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ(.
ﺗْﺒَﺮْﺑَﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺑﻊ. ﺗْﺒﺨْﺘﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺨﺘﺮ :ﻣﺸﻰ ﻣﺸﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﺒّﺮ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﳌﻌﺠﺐ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ.
ﺗْﺒَﺮْﺑَﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺑﻚ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲤﺨﺘﺮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺒَﺨّﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺨّﺮ :ﺗﻄﻴﺐ ﺑﺪﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻮﺭ،
ﺗْﺒَﺮْﭼَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﭼﻰ. ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺗﺒﺨﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ :ﲢﻮّﻝ ﺇﱃ ﲞـﺎﺭ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺑﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ.
ﺗْﺒَﺮْﭼَﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﭼﻢ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺨﱡﺮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗَْﺒﺨّٔﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲞّﺶ.
ﺗْﺒَ ّﺮٔﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺮّﺩ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟـﱪﻭﺩﺓ ،ﺑﺎﳌـﺎﺀ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻏﺘﺴﻞ ﺑﺒﺎﺭﺩﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌـﲎ :ﺻـﺎﺭ ﺗْﺒﺨﺸَﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲞﺸﺶ.
ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍً. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﱪْﻃﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻃﺶ. ﺗﺒَﺨْﻮٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲞﻮﺵ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﱪْﻃﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻃﻞ. ﺗْﺒَﺪﱠﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺪﱠﺭ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺒَﺮّﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﱪّﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻄﺎﺀ :ﺗﻔﻀﻞ ﲟـﺎ ﻻ ﺗْﺒَﺪْﺭﻕ :ﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻵﻥ ،ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ
ﳚﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑَ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﻋﻮَﺿﺎً ،ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﺇﺣﺴﺎﻧﺎً. ﰲ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠـﺐ(( :ﺟ ١ﺹ ،١٣٦ﻭﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﻨﺔ ﻳﻔﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﺃﺳﺮﻑ ﻭﺑﺬّﺭ ،ﻭﻇـﲏ ﺃـﺎ
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺑﺬﺭﻕ :ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﺬّﺭ ﻭﺃﻧﻔﻖ.
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ﺗٔﺒْﺮﻳﻦ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ،ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﱪﱡﻉ ﻭﺗَﱪﱡﻋﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺗﱪﻳﻦ :ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺋﺲ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻗﺮﻳﺖ ﺃﻧﺎ ﰲ ﻧﺸﺮﺓ
)ﺣﻠﺐ.(٨٥ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻄﻠﻊ ﻏﲑﺍ ﺍﲰﺎ :ﺍﻵﮊﺍﻧﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤـﺎﻧﻠﻲ،
ﺗْﺒّﺴّﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒﺴﱠﻂ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮ ،ﺍﻣﺘـﺪّ، ﻗﺮﻳﺖ ﻓﻴّﺎ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻳﻬﻮﺩﻱ ﺗﱪّﻉ ﺑﻌﺸـﺮﺓ ﺁﻻﻑ ﻟـﲑﺓ
ﺍﺗّﺴﻊ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺟﻌﻠـﻪ ﺑﺴـﻴﻄﺎً: ﺫﻫﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳊﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺳﺎﺫﺟﺎً ﻏﲑ ﻣﺮﻛّﺐ. ﻭﺩﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺷﻲ ﺗﻼﺗﲔ ﺳـﻨﺔ ﺯﺭﺕ
ﺗْﺒَﺴﱠﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺴﱠﻢ :ﺍﺑﺘﺴﻢ ،ﺿـﺤﻚ ﺃﻗـﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ﻭﺗﻌﺮّﻓﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﺎﺗﺬﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻭﳓﻨۤـﻪ
ﺍﻟﻀﺤﻚ ﻭﺃﺣﺴﻨﻪ. ﻣﺎۤﺷﲔ ﺃﺷﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻫَﻲ ﺑﻨﺎﻳـﺔ...
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺴﱡﻢ. ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻭﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻫﺎﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻗﺮﻳـﺖ ﺍﲰـﻮ،
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗْﺒَﺴَﻢ :ﺍﺑﺘﻬﺞ. ﻭﺣﺎﻻً ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺗﻮ ،ﺳﺄﻟﱳ ﻋﻦ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺗﱪﻋﻮ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻧﻌـﻢ
ﺗْﺒَﺴْﻤٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔَﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺴﻤﺮ. ﺗﱪﻉ ﺎﳌﺒﻠﻎ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﻧّﻮ ﻛﻞ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺑﻄﻠﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺃﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﺘﻮﺟّﻪ ﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲝﻖ ﻟﻠﻴﻬـﻮﺩﻱ ﻓﻴـﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺡ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺗﺒﺴـﻤﺮ ﻓﺎﮔﻮﻧۤﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺃﺵ ﺑﺮﻳﺪ ﺑﺸﺤﻦ ﻓﻴّﺎ.
ﰲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻮٓ. ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﺳﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻷﺳﻌﺎﺭ ﺪﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ
ﺗْﺒَﺴﻤَﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺴـﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ، ﻭﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﺷﻘﺪ ﺑﻘﺪﺭ ﻳﺸﺤﻦ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﻧّﻮ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻣﺸﻰ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺸﻰ ﺩﻭﺎ. ﻣﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﺑﺢ ﺭﲝﻮ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﺒْﺴﻴّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒْﺴﻲ :ﺍﻟﺼـﺤﻦ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺗﺎۤﺭﻱ ﻳﺎﺧﺎﻱ! ﻣﺎﺣﺪﺍ ﺑﺒﺨّۤﺮ ﻷﷲ ﺑﺒﻼﺵ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳌﺎﻳﻠﻲ: ﺗْﺒَﺮّٔﻙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺮﱠﻙ ﺑﻪ :ﺗﻴﻤّﻦ ،ﻧﺎﻝ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ،
–ً ١ﺗﺒﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﮕﺎﺭﺍﺕ :ﺻُﺤﲔ ﺗﺮﻣﻰ ﺑـﻪ ﻟَﻤﺲ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺒّﻞ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺭﻛﺔ.
ﻓﻀﻼﺎ ﻭﺭﻣﺎﺩﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ:
–ً ٢ﺗﺒﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﮔﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺳﻴﺔ :ﺻُﺤﲔ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺗَﺒَﺮﱡﻙ.
ﻣﻦ ﺗﺒﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﮕﺎﺭﺍﺕ. ﺗْﺒَﺮّٔﻙ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﰲ ﳏﻠّﻮ ﺗﱪّﻙ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﺳﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺴﻴّﺎﺕ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮّﻙ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺒﺸﺒﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺸﺒﺶ ﺑﻪ :ﺁﻧﺴﻪ ﻭﻭﺍﺻـﻠﻪ، ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺮّﻛﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺮﻧﻮ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺑﺸﺒﺶ. ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﺣﺪّﻩ(.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﱪﻧٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﻴﻄﺔ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠـﻞ
ﺗْﺒَﺸّﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺸّﺮﻩ. ﳌﻌﲎ :ﻟﺒﺴﻬﺎ ،ﻗﻴﺎﺳﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻌﻤّﻢ :ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌِﻤﺎﻣﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺗﺒﺎﺷﺮ. ﺗْﺒَﺮْﻫَﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺮﻫﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺃﻗـﻴﻢ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ
ﺗْﺒﺸﻄٔﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻄﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻫﺎﻥ ﻭﺃُﺛﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﳊُﺠّﺔ.
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ﺗٕﺒۤﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒِﻌﻪ:ﻣﺸﻰ ﺧﻠﻔﻪ ،ﻣﻀﻰ ﻣﻌـﻪ، – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺑﺸﻄﺎً ﺃﻭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻂ.
ﺍﻧﻘﺎﺩ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﻓﻌﻞ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ. ﺗْﺒﺸّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺸﱠﻊ :ﺑَﺸِﻊ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﺑَﺸِﻌﺎً ،ﺿﺪّ
ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺗْﺒٕﻌﺖ ،ﳓﻨۤﻪ ﺗْﺒٕﻌﻨﺎ ،ﺍﻧﺘۤﻪ ﲢﺴﱠﻦ.
ﺗْﺒٕﻌﺖ ،ﺃﻧﱵ ﺗْﺒٕﻌﱵ ،ﺃﻧﺘﻮ ﺗْﺒٕﻌﺘﻮ ،ﻫﻮّۤﻩ ﺗٕﺒۤﻊ ،ﻫﻴّﻪ ﺗٕﺒْﻌۤـﺖ، ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺒﺎﺷﻊ ﻭﺑﺸﻊ.
ﻫﻨّﻦ ﺗٕﺒْﻌﻮﺍ. ﺍﻟﺘَﺒَﺸﲑ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﺷﲑ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻭﺗﺎﺑﻌﻴّـﺖ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺗْﺒٔﺼْﺒٔﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺼﺒﺺ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐُ :ﺣﺮّﻙ ﺫﻧﺒﻪ،
ﺍﳉﻨﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻨﺘﺴﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺟﺎﺭﻭﻫﺎ. ﻓﻼﻥ :ﲤﻠﻖ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺑﺺّ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺒَﻊ :ﺗَﺒِﻊ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﻏﲑﻙ ﻣﺎﺑﻨﻔﻌﻚ ﻭﻛﻠـﺐ ﺗْﺒٔﺼّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﺼﱠﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺼﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ
ﻏﲑﻙ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺒﻌﻚ. ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺗﺄﻣﻠﻪ.
ﺗَﺒﱠﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻘﺮﺍ ﻭﳓﻨۤﻪ ﻋﻢ ﻧﺘﺒّـﻊ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺒﺼﱡﺮ.
ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒّﻌﻪ :ﺍﺗّﺒﻌﻪ. ﺗْﺒَﻀّٔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﻀﱠـﻊ :ﺍﺗّﺨـﺬ ﺍﻟﺒﻀـﺎﻋﺔ،
ﺗْﺒﻌﺜﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺑﻌﺜﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌـﲎ
ﺗْﺒﻌّٔﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌَﺞ. ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺒٔﻄّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺒَﻌّٔﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﻌّﺪ :ﺍﺑﺘﻌﺪ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺗﻘﺮّﺏ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﻠﺘﻪ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺳﻠﺘﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺗْﺒﻄّٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﻄّﻞ :ﺗَﻌﻄّﻞ.
ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ. ﺗْﺒﻄّٔﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄّﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ:
ﺗْﺒَﻌﺰٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺑﻌـﺰﻕ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺑِﻄﺎﻧﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺑﺪّﺩﻩ. ﺍﻟﺘَﺒَﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﳝﺸﻲ ﺧﻠﻔﻚ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻌﻚ ،ﻣﻦ ﻳﻨﻘﺎﺩ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﻭﺗﺰﻳّﺪ ﰲ ))ﳏﻴﻂ ﺍﶈﻴﻂ(( ﻓﺰﻋﻢ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ،ﺍﳋﺎﺩﻡ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺃﺟـﲑ
ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻩ ﻣﺰﻳﺪﺍً)) :ﺗﺒﻌﺰﻕ(( :ﻭﻫﻮ ﻻﻳُﻌـﺮَﻑ ﰲ ﻣﺮﺟـﻊ ﺍﳊﻼّﻕ ﻭﺃﺟﲑ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﻳﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺛﺒﺖ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺃﺗﺒﺎﻉ.
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺒْﻎ :ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻣُﺨﺪﱢﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﻧﻴﻜﻮٓﺗﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺫﳒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻪ ﺍﻔﻔـﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘـﺪﺧﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺗَﺒَﻊْ ﻣﺎ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗَﺒَﻊ ﻣﺎﺑﱰّ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻪ ،ﻭﺗﺒﻊ
ﺍﳌﻀﻎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻮﺱ. ﻣﺎﺑﺸﺘﺪّ ﺍﳌﺮﺽ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺣﺒﺎﻳۤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﺪﻭﺍ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ
ﻭﲰّﻮﻩ ﻷﻭﻝ ﻋﻬﺪﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘَﺒْﻎ ﺗـﺄﺛﺮﺍً ﺑﺎﲰـﻪ ﺗَﺒِﻌَﻪ.
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ TABACOﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﻌﺎً.
ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺢ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻹﺧﻮﺍﻥ ﰲ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺇﺑﺎﺣﺔ
٢٤٥
ﺗﺮﻳﺪُ ﻣﻬﺬّﺑﺎً ﻻﻋﻴﺐَ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ(( ﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻐﲏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺑﻠﺴﻲ:
ﻭﻫﻞ ﻋﻮﺩٌ ﻳﻔﻮﺡ ﺑﻼ ﺩُﺧﺎﻥِ ﺑﺘﺎﺀ ﻣﺜﻨّﺎﺓ ﻭﺑﺎﺀ ﻣﻮﺣّﺪِ
ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺑﺪﻳﻬﺎً – ﻭﺃﺟﺎﺩ –: ﻭﻏﲔ ،ﻭﺿﺒﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻔﺘﺤﺔِ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﺷُﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥُ ﻓﻼ ﺗَﻠُﻤﻨـِﻲ ﻭﺃﻗﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻮﻣِﻲ ﻷﻧﺒـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﻣـﺎﻥِ ﻭﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﺀ :ﺱ ١٨٩٨ﺹ :١٦٧ﻭﺍﳌﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﰲ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺧﻮﺍﻥ ﺃﻫﻮﻯ ﻃﻴﺐَ ﺧُﻠْﻖٍ ﺿﺒﻄﻬﺎ ﺇﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻣﻊ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺴﺮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪُ
ﻛﻤﺜﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﻚ ﻓﺎﺡ ﺑﻼ ﺩﺧﺎﻥِ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻻ ﳜﻔﻰ ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ
ﻭﻳﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﻟﺘﻌﺎﻃﻴﻪ ))ﺷَﺮِﺏَ((. ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ،ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟـﺒﻼﺩ ،ﻓـﺈﻢ ﻳﺴـﻤﻮﻧﻪ
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﺭﺍﱐ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ: ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ )ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﺸﺪﺩ ﺍﳋﺎﺀ( ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺍﻻﺳـﻢ
ﻟﻌﻤﺮﻙ ﱂ ﺃﺷﺮﺏ ﺩﺧﺎﻧﺎً ﻷﺟﻞ ﺃ ْﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃُﻃﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺎﻋﺮﻑ ﰲ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ .ﻭﻣﻨـﻪ
ﺗُﺴّﺮﱠ ﺑﻪ ﻧَﻔْﺲٌ ﺗﺪﺍﻧَﻰ ﺧﺮﻭﺟُﻬﺎ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻣﺆﺭﺧﺎً:
ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺯﻧﺎﺑﲑ ﺍﳍﻤﻮﻡ ﻟﺴﻌﻨﲏ ﺳﺄﻟﻮﱐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ
ﻓﺪﺧﻨﺖُ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺴﺘﺒﲔ ﺧﺮﻭﺟُﻬﺎ ﻫﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨـﺎ ﺇﻳـﻤﺎﺀُ ؟
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ ﺍﺳﺘﺪﻝ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺇﻧﻜـﺎﺭﻩ ﻗﻠﺖ :ﻣﺎﻓﺮّﻁ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏُ ﺑﺸﻲﺀٍ
ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ ))ﺷﺮﺏ(( ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻛﺎﳋﻤﺮ ﻳﺸﺮﺏ. ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀُ((
ﰒ ﺃﺭّﺧﺖُ)) :ﻳﻮﻡَ ﺗﺄﰐ
ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٧٨٦ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ)) :ﻳﻮﻡ ﺗﺄﰐ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺑـﺪﺧﺎﻥ(( ﺍﻵﻳـﺔ،
ﻧﻈﻢ ﻧﻘﻮﻻ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻙ ﺃﺭﺟﻮﺯﺓ ﻳﻮﺻﻲ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺃﻥ ﳛﺘﺠـﺐ ﻭﺣﺴﺎﺏ ))ﻳﻮﻡ ﺗﺄﰐ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ(( ﰲ ﺍﳉُﻤّﻞ ﻫـﻮ٩٩٩ :
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﳝﻮّﻧﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ: ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺩﺧﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻼﺩﻧﺎ(.
ﺇﻥ ﺣﻞّ ﻃﺎﻋﻮﻥ ﺑﺄﺭﺽٍ ﻓﺎﺭﺣﻞِ ﻭﺃﻟﻒ ﲨﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﲰﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺸﻘﻲ ﺭﺳـﺎﻟﺔ
ﺃﻭ ﻓﺎﺣﺘﺠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﺏٍ ﻣُﻘﻔَﻞِ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ ١٣٢٢ﻫ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ:
)ﰒ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺪﺧﺮﻩ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ(: ﺇﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﻱ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻣﺆﺭﺧﺎً ﺗﺪﺧﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ:
ﻛﺎﻟﺸﻤﻊ ﰒ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻢ ﰒ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖِ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺧﻠﱢﻲ :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ ﺃﺟﺒﲏ
ﻭﻛﻞ ﺣﻠﻮ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻰ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺖِ ﻫﻞ ﻟﻪ) ...ﺇﱃ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺘﲔ(
ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜﺮ ﻳﻨﻘﻰ ﻭﺩﺑﺲ ﻣﻊ ﻋﺴﻞ ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﰲ ))ﺭﳛﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﺒّـﺎﺀ(( ﻟﺸـﻬﺎﺏ
ﻣﻊ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﳛﻠﻮ ﻣﺬﺍﻗﺎً ﺇﻥ ﺣﺼﻞْ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﳋﻔﺎﺟﻲ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻥ ﻗـﺎﻝ:
ﻭﺍﻗﻦِ ﺎﺭﺍً ﺫﺍ ﻋﻄﻮﺭ ﻧﺎﻓِﺤﻪ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﲟﱰﱄ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻹﺧﻮﺍﻥ ،ﻓﺄﺭﺍﺩﻭﺍ ﺍﳉﺮﻱ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻋﻔﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﻐﻰ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﻪْ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ ،ﻓﺄﺑَﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻜـﺮﺍﺕ
ﺃَﺣﻀِﺮ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﻞّ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﻠَﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ،ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ﻟﻪ :ﺑﺪﻳﻬﺎً:
ﺇﻳﺎﻙ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﱄ ﻋﻠﻴـﻚ ﺍﻟﻐﻔﻠـﻪ ﻓﺪﻳﺘُﻚ ﺟُﺪ ﺑﺈﺫﻥ ﻟﻠﻨﺪﺍﻣَﻰ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻘﻦ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﺳﺎً ﳊﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺱِ ﻟﻴﺄﺗﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﺪُﺧﺎﻥ ﺑﻼ ﺗﻮﺍﻥِ.
ﻛﻲ ﺗُﻤﺴﻲ ﻣﺮﺗﺎﺣﺎً ﺑﻼ ﻭﺳﻮﺍﺱِ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﺧﺬ ﻣﻔﺮﻭﻣﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺎ
ﻳﻜﻔﻴﻚ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﺏ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎ
٢٤٦
ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻨﺸﺎﻕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺱ. ﻭﺍﺣﺬﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﲑﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﺧﺶَ ﺍﳍﺮّﺍ
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﺪﺧﻴﻨﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻷﺭﻭﺍﻛـﻴﲔ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺒﻠﻨﻪ ﺇﻥ ﺃﺗﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮّﺍ
ﻳﻠﻔّﻮﺍ ﻓُﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﻭﻛﺴﺎﺭﺗﻪ ﰲ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻥ ...ﻋﻦ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ(( ﺟ ١ﺹ ١۲۲ﻋـﻦ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺳﮕﺎﺭ. ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻧﻪ.
ﻭﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﻮﻟﻮﻣﺒﺲ ﺃﻥ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟـﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻟـﱵ ـﺔ
ـﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣـ ـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺛـ
ـﻦ ﻫـ
ﻭﰲ ﺹ ١۲٣ﻣـ
ﺍﻛﺘﺸﻔﻬﺎ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﻭﺍﻛﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻳﻨﺘﺸﻮﻥ ﺑﺘـﺪﺧﲔ ﻣﺎﺧﻼﺻﺘﻪ :ﺳﻨﺔ ١٧٨٧ﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺸﺮﻕ ﻛﻮﺳـﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ،ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻛﻮﺑﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ .١٤٩٢ ﺩﻱ ﭘﺮﺳﻔﺎﻝ ﺇﱃ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻻﺳـﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺋـﺐ
ﻭﲰّﻰ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﻛﻮﻟﻮﻣﺒﺲ ﻫـﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﳌـﺪﺧﻨﲔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﱄ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺧﺎﻥ ﻃﻮﻣﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﻛﺒﺎً ﺩﺍﺑـﺔ
))ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺎﻃﲔ(( ﺫﻫﺎﺑﺎً ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻳﻨﺒﻌﺚ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻤﻪ ﺣﻘﲑﺓ ﻓﺘﺤﻮّﻝ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺟﻮﺍﺩ ﺃﺻﻴﻞ ﻗُﺪّﻡ ﻟﻪ ،ﻭﲨـﺢ
ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﺘﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ. ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺩ ،ﻓﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﻭﻧﻔﺦ ﰲ ﺃﻧﻒ ﺍﳊﺼﺎﻥ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﺎً ﻳﻘـﻮﻝ :ﲰـﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺒـﻎ ﻧﻔﺨﺔ ﺩﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﻓﺴﻜﻦ.
TABACCOﻷﻥ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺪﺧﻨﻮﻥ ﺎ – ﻭﰲ ﺹ ١٢٨ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﻣﺎﻣﺆﺩﺍﻩ :ﺳـﻨﺔ
ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺨﺎﺭﻳﺔ – ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﻭﺍﻛﻴﺔ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ. ١٨١٩ﺟﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄـﺮﻱ ))ﺩﺍﻣـﻮﺍﺯﻭ((
ﻭﻳﺼﻔﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﭙﻴﭗ ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻳﻠـﻲ: ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺧﻴﻼً ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻸ ﺃﻋﺮﺍﰊ ﻓﻤـﻪ ﻣـﻦ
ﺃﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻟﻪ ﺟﺮﻥ ﺻﻐﲑ ﳛﺸﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﰒ ﻳﺸـﻌﻞ، ﺩﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺼﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﶈﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﺎﻋـﻪ
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ ﻳﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻧﺒﻮﺑﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﻧﻔﺦ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺎﺧﲑﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ ،ﻷﻥ ﺍﳉﻴﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻄﺮﺏ
ﺃﻧﺒﻮﺑﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﺋﻼﻥ ﻳﺪﺧﻼﻥ ﰲ ﻓﺘﺤﱵ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ. ﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ.
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻓﻮﻃﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﺍﻷﺻـﻠﻲ ﺍﳌﻜﺴـﻴﻚ ﻭﻏﺮﻳﺐ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌـﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ﺇﻥ
ﻭﺑﲑﻭﱐ ،ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﰲ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻨﻴﻘﻴﲔ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺘﺎﺟﺮﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﻎ ،ﻏﺮﻳﺐ ﻷﻥ ﻣـﻮﻃﻦ
ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮﺕ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺒـﻎ ﻓﻴﻬﻤـﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻫﻴﱵ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻴﻚ.
ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺻـﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﭘـﻴﲔ ﺇﱃ ﻧﻌﻢ ﰲ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻫﻴﱵ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﻠﺪﺓ ﺍﲰﻬـﺎ ﺑﻠﻐـﺔ
ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺑﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ. ﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﻭﺍﻛﻴﺔ TABAGO :ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﭘـﺎ،
ﻭﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ :ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳـﺎﺕ ﻭﲰﺖ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨـﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ:
ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﺍﻻﻣﲑﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﲔ ﻭﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻭﺭﻭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺇﻧﺪﻭﻧﻴﺴﻴﺔ TABACOﺃﻱ :ﺃﺑﺪﻟﺖ ﺣﺮﻑ Gﲝﺮﻑ .C
ﻭﺍﻟﱪﺍﺯﻳﻞ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺇﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ. ﻭﻭﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻋﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺑـﺎﻛﻮ ﰲ ﺧﻠـﻴﺞ
ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑـﺎ ﻓﻠﻮﺭﻳﺪﺍ.
))ﻓﺮﻧﺴﻴﺴﻜﻮ ﻓﺮﻧﺎﺩﻳﺲ(( ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﻓﻴﻠﻴﭗ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﱐ: ﻭﲰﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.TABAC :
ﻣﻠﻚ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺎﺻﻼﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻴﻚ ﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻭﲰﺘﻪ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ.TABACCO :
ﻣﺎﻳﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﻓﺤﻤﻞ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ – ﰲ ﻣـﺎ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳍﻨﻮﺩ ﺍﳊﻤﺮ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﳝﻀـﻐﻮﻧﻪ
ﲪﻞ – ﺑﺬﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﻭﺯﺭﻋﺖ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺳـﻨﺔ ،١٥٥٨ ﻣﻊ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ،ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻳﺪﺧﻨــﻮﻧﻪ ﻟﻜــﻦ ﰲ
ﺯﺭﻋﺖ ﰲ ﻟﺸﺒﻮﻧﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺰﻳﲔ ﻓﻘﻂ. ﺑﻌـﺾ ﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻤﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ،ﺫﻫﺎﺑﺎً ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻵﳍﺔ ﺗﺴﺮّ
ﻭﺟـﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴـﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﲔ ﰲ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺘﻪ
٢٤٧
ﻧﺒﺖ ﻣﻜّﻲ ﻻ ﺻﻠﺔ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﺼﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﺑﲑ ﻣﻦ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺯﺭﻉ ﰲ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً.
ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ ،ﻓﺈﻃﻼﻗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ ﺧﻠﻂ ﻭﺗﺸﻮﻳﺶ(. ﻭﺍﲣﺬ ﺍﻷﻃﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﭘﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﺁﻧﺬﺍﻙ ﺩﻭﺍﺀ ﻣﻘﻴّﺌﺎً.
ﰒ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺼﲔ ﻭﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﻳﺔ. ﰒ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﺸﻮﻗﺎً ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﺤﻘﻪ ،ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻌﻤﻞ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔ ﻟﺒﺴﺖ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻟﻠﺴﻌﻮﻁ ﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺇﺷﺒﻴﻠﻴﺔ ،ﰒ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﳑﻀﻮﻏﺎً.
ﺛﻴﺎﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺳﻄﻬﺎ ﺟﻴﺒﺎً ﻣﺰﺭﻛﺸﺎً ﺑﺎﳊﺮﻳﺮ ﻟﺘﻀﻊ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻭﺃﺧﲑﺍً ﻣﺪﺧﱠﻨﺎً ﰲ ﻭﻋﺎﺀ ﺧﺰﰲ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻝ – ﺑﺄﻧﺒﻮﺏ
ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻮﻥ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺐ.
ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﲔ ﺯﺭﻋﻪ ﰲ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺲ ANDRE
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﺎﻟﺔ :SANDYSﺗﺪﺧﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﺒـﻎ ﰲ THEVETﺳﻨﺔ ،١٥٥٦ﰒ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺸﺒﻮﻧﺔ ﺇﱃ
ﻋﺎﻡ ١٦١۰ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﺮﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰ ﺇﱃ ﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ. ﺭﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻝ PROS PERO :ﺳﻨﺔ ،١٥٦١ﰒ ﻧﻘﻞ
.DR.RUSSELS ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺇﻧﻜﻠﺘﺮﺍ ))ﺟﻮﱐ ﻫﻮﻛﱰ(( ﺳﻨﺔ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻣﺌﻮﻧﺘـﻪ .١٥٦٥
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ. ﻭﳜﺘﻠﻔﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺇﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻱ ﺩﺧﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ :ﻓﻘﻴﻞ :ﻫﻮ
ﻭﺗﻌﺰﺯﺕ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺘﻪ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺇﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﺷـﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺎﺭ ))ﺭﺍﻟﻒ ﻟﲔ(( ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺸﻒ ﺍﳌﺸﻬﻮﺭ
ﻭﺗﻮﻓﻴﻖ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ. ))ﺳﲑ ﺭﺍﱄ(( ﺷﻬﺪﻩ ﻏﻼﻣﻪ ﻳﻨﻔﺚ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻤﻪ ﻓﺤﺴﺐ
ﻭﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ :MODERN TRAVELLERﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺎﺭﺍً ﺷﺒّﺖ ﰲ ﺟﻮﻓﻪ ،ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻩ ﺑﺪﻟﻮ ﻣﺎﺀ ﻭﻧﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻤﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺎً ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺣﱴ ﻋﺎﻡ .١٦۰٣ ﻟﻴﻨﺠﺪﻭﻩ.
ﰒ ﻧﻘﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ. ﻭﳌﺎ ﺳﻴﻖ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺸﻒ ﺍﳌﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺳﲑ ﺭﺍﱄ ﺇﱃ
ﺃﺳﻬﺐ ﺍﻷﻃﺒﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻀﺎﺭّ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ. ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﱂ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺘﺪﺧﲔ ﺑﻀﻊ ﻟﻔﺎﺋﻒ.
ﻭﺳﺨﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺃﻭﻝَ ﻋﻬﺪﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺪﺧﻨﲔ. ﰒ ﻧﻘﻠﺖ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺘﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺃﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺳﻨﺔ .١٥٧٧
ﻭﺣﺎﺭﺑﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻋﺪﺓ ﺑﺼﺎﺭﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺏ ﻳﻨﺎﻝ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮﺕ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺳﻮﻳﺴﺮﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻤﺴﺎ
ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻦ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺟﻬﻨﻢ ،ﻭﺃﺻﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑـﺎ ))ﺃﻭﺭﻳـﺎﻥ((
ﻭﺍﺮ ﻭﻫﻮﻟﻨﺪﺍ.
ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎً ﺑﺘﺤﺮﳝﻪ. ﰒ ﻧﻘﻠﻪ ﲝﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰ ﺇﱃ ﺭﻭﺳﻴﺔ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٦۰۰
ﻭﻓﺮﺿﺖ ﺩﻭﻝ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺭﻡ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً.
ﺍﳌﺪﺧّﻦ ﻋﻠﻨﺎً. ﻭﰲ ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ١٧ﻧﻘﻠﺖ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺘﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻳﺪ
ﻭﺳﻮﻳﺴﺮﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻌﺪّ ﺍﳌﺪﺧّﻦ ﳎﺮﻣﺎً. ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺮﻭﺝ.
ﻭﻗﻴﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﺭﻭﺳﻴﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﳚﻠﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻦ ﻷﻭﻝ ﰒ ﻧﻘﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﻭﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ.
ﻣﺮﺓ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻋﺎﺩ ﺟﺪﻋﻮﺍ ﺃﻧﻔﻪ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﻋﺎﺩ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﺟـﺰﺍﺅﻩ ﻭﲰﺎﻩ ﺍﻹﻳﺮﺍﻥ :ﺗﻨﺒﺎﻙ :ﺣﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ TABAC
ﺍﻹﻋﺪﺍﻡ. ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ ﻻ ﻳﺪﺧﻦ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺮﮔﻴﻠﺔ
ﺣﱴ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ :ﻣﻮﻃﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺒـﻎ ﻭﺿـﻌﺖ ﻟﻴﻠﻄﻒ ﺣﺪﺓ ﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ.
ﺻﺎﺭﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺪﺧّﻦ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ.
ﻭﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺏ ﺳـﻼﻃﲔ ﺑـﲏ ﻭﻋﺮﺎ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺑـ ))ﺍﻟﻄُﺒّﺎﻕ(( .ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ:
ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﻘﺎﻢ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﻗﺼﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺃﻧـﻒ ﻭﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﻄُﺒّﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺧﻄﺄ ﻣﻨﻜﺮ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺒّﺎﻕ
ﺍﳌﺪﺧّﻦ.
٢٤٨
ﺣﺮﺍﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺺّ ،ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﳏﺪﺛَﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ.... ﻭﻣﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﺗﻔﻨﻨﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺻﺎﺭﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺏ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﳝﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﺣﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻌﻠﻮ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻳﻖ. ﻭﺭﻏﻢ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮ ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﱳ ،ﺗﻨﺒﺎﻙ ،ﺩﺧﺎﻥ. ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻬّﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﺎﺟﺮﻭﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮّﺍً.
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٣ﺹ، ١١٩ﻭ ﺱ ٤ﺹ ، ٢٦٣ﻭ ﺱ ٩ﺹ ، ١٥ﻭ
ﻭﻭﻟّﺪ ﺧﻴﺎﳍﻢ ﺍﳍﺎﺋﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ ﺃﻥ ﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ
ﺱ ١٧ﺹ ،٣ﻭ ﺱ ٣٤ﺹ ١٧٩ﻭ ،٢٩٩ﻭ ﺱ ١١٩ﺹ.١۰٩
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ :ﺱ ٥ﻋﺪﺩ ١۰ﺹ ، ٤۰ﻭ ﺱ ٣ﻋﺪﺩ؟ ﺹ ،٧٥ﻭ ﺱ ٧ﻋﺪﺩ٢ ﺑﻘﻮﳍﻢ)) :ﺷﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻀﺒﺎﺏ((.
ﺹ ،٥٣ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ٣ﺹ ،٦١ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ٤ﺹ ،٤٨ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ٩ﺹ.٥٦ ﻭﻭﺻﻒ ﺃﻭﺳﻜﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻳﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ :ﺍﳌﺜﻞ
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ٧ﻋﺪﺩ ٩ﺹ ، ٥٥ﻭ ﺱ ١٧ﻋﺪﺩ ٦ﺹ ، ٥٥ﻭﻋﺪﺩ٧ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ.
ﺹ ،٥٨ﻭﺱ ١٦ﻋﺪﺩ ٧ﺹ.٦١ ﻭﻭﺻﻔﻪ ﺳﺒﻨﺴﺮ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘﺒـﻎ ﺍﻟﺴـﻤﺎﻭﻱ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻌﺔ .
ﺍﻹﳍﻲ.
ﻭﺍﳌﻠﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ .
ﺗْﺒَﻐّٔﺾ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻟﻴﺶ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺘﺒﻐّﻀﲏ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﻓﺎﺧﺘﻠﻔﻮﺍ ﺑﲔ ﳏﻠﻞ ﻭﳏﺮﻡ.
ﺃﺑﻐﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﶈﻠﻠﲔ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻐﲏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺑﻠﺴﻲ.
ﺗْﺒﻘّٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒﻘّﺎﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠـﻪ ﺑﺎﻗﻴـﺎً ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﱐ :ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﳓﻮﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼﺛـﲔ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻻﺯﻣﺔ :ﺃﺵ ﺗﺒﻘّﻰ ﻣﺎﻷﻛﻞ؟ :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺑﻘﻲ. ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻔﺎً ﻣﺎﺑﲔ ﳏﻠﻞ ﻭﳏﺮّﻡ.
ﺗْﺒﻘْﺒٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻘﺒﻖ. ﻭﻟﻠﺰﺑﻴﺪﻱ ﺷﺎﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ))ﺇﲢـﺎﻑ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻹﺧﻮﺍﻥ ﰲ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ(( ﺃﻭ ))ﻫﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺧـﻮﺍﻥ ﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻠﺒﻖ ﻟﺰﻧﺒﻖ ﻳﺘﺒﻘﺒـﻖ )ﺯﻧﺒـﻖ ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ((.
ﻋﺒﺪ ،ﻭﻳﺘﺒﻘﺒﻖ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﻘﺒﻮﻗﺔ(. ﻭﻧﻌﺮﻑ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺍﺑﻴﺸﻲ ،ﺫﻫﺒﺖُ
ﺗْﺒﻘّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻘّﻊ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ –
ﻣﻊ ﺃﰊ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺳﺘﲔ ﻋﺎﻣﺎً ﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺣﻔﻠﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻻﺃﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ،ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﺗَﺒﻘّﻊ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ ﺑﻘﻊ ،ﻭﱂ ﺇﳕﺎ ﺃﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻔﻴﻔﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺪﻋﻮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺪﺧﻨﻮﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ
ﻳﺸﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻘّﻊ ﻛﻌﺎﺩﺗﻪ. ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ،ﻷﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ،
– ﺗْﺒﻜﺒﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻜﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﰲ ﲢﺮﱘ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ.
ـﺪ ٢١ﺹ٥ ـﺎﻥ ﺍﻠــﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻓـ
ـﺎﺀ ﰲ ﳎﻠـ ﻭﺟـ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺎﺀ ﺃﻱ :ﺗﺒﺎﻛﻰ.
ﺗَﺒﱠﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒﱠﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡَ ﻭﺗﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﻭﺗَﻮْﺑﻠﻪ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺧﻼﺻﺘﻪ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻧﻌﻤﺔ ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺋﺮﻱ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑـﻪ ))ﺯﻫـﻮﺭ
ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻞ. ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻴﻊ(( :ﺫﻫﺐ ﺍﳌﻮﱃ ))ﻋﻠﻲ ﻧﻘﻲ(( ﺇﱃ ﲢﺮﱘ ﺍﻟﺘﱳ ﺑﺎﺛﲏ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺘﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺘﺒﻞ. ﻋﺸﺮ ﺩﻟﻴﻼً ،ﺃﳘﻬﺎ :ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺒﺎﺋﺚ ،ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺰﻋـﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺑﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺴّﺎﻕ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺃﻧﻪ ﺿﺎﺭّ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎ ّﺭ
ﺣﺮﺍﻡ ،ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻀﻴﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﻝ ،ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺸﺒّﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﺳـﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ
ﺍﳌﺰﻣﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻨﻪ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻴﻪ ﺑﺸﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴـﻮﻥ ﺫﻱ
ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ( ،ﺃﻧﻪ ﺗﻔﺎﺅﻝ ﺑـ ))ﺩﺧﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﲔ ﻳﻐﺸﻰ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ(( ،ﻭﺍﻟﻄﱪﺳﻲّ ﻋﺪّ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﺷـﺮﺍﻁ ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻋﺔ
ﺍﻟﺪﺧـﺎﻥ ،ﺃﻥ ﺭﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻗـﺪ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻢ ﻭﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ
٢٤٩
ﺗْﺒَﻠّٔﻎ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠّﻎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﺒّﻞ ﺍﻟﮕﺪﺑﺔ ،ﺗﻌﺎ ﺍﻗﺸـﺎﻉ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﺩﺗﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭَ ﺃﻭ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻐﻠﺔ – ﺃَﻭ ﻫﺎﳋﺒﺼﺔ – ﺑْﺘٕﺘّﺒﻞ؟.
ﺍﳊﻜﻢَ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ :ﺗﺴﻠﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺧﺬ ﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﺎً. ﺗْﺒَﻠّﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻ ﺗﺘﺒﻼّﱐ ﻫٔﺎ ﻛﻮٓ ﺃﻧـﺎ ﻋـﺎﻳﻒ
ﺗْﺒَﻠّٔﻖ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺑﻠّﻖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺣﺎﱄ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺼﺐّ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺴﻠّﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺷﻔﻨﺎﻙ ﻳﺎ ﳏﺴـﻮﻥ ﺣـﱴ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻟﻐﻢّ ،ﺍﶈﻨﺔ.
ﺗْﺒﻠّﻘۤﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﺗْﺒَﻠﻜَﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻠﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻭﻑ ﻣَﺸﻌﻞ ﺩﻳﲏ ﺩﻳﲏ ﻣﺸﻌﻼﱐ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﻢ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ. ﻣﺎﱄ ﻣْﺤﺎﻛﻴﺘﻮ ﻋﺎﻟﺪﺭﺏ ﺗﺒﻼّﱐ
ﺗْﺒَﻠّﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﻠّﻞ :ﺗﻨﺪّﻯ. ﺗْﺒَﻠْﺒَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﻠﺒﻞ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺑﻠﺒﻠﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺒَﻠْﻮٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒَﻠّﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌْﻮﻝ :ﲢﻮّﻝ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻠّﻮﺭ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﻫَﺘْﺒَﻠﺒۤﻞ :ﺗﺒﻠﺒﻞ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗَﺒﻠّﺮ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻭﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺃۤﺗْﺒَﺪْﺑَﺪ :ﺗﺒﻠﺒﻞ.
ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ. ﺗْﺒَﻠْﺠَﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﺠﻢ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜـﺔ[ :ﺗﺒﻠـﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﻮﻗـﻒ، ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺗّﻀﺢ. ﺗْﺒَﻠّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔَﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠّﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﺘٕﱭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘِﱭ :ﻋﺼﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻴـﺎﺑﺲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﺭ.
)ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺼﻴﻔﺔ :ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﺍﺘﻤﻊ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺒﻞ(. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻠﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﺭ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺗٕﺒْﻨۤﺔ ﻭ ﺗﺒﻨـﺎﻱ ﻭﺗﺒﻨﺎﻳـﺔ، ﺗْﺒَﻠّﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺟَﺎ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ﻭﺗْﺒﻠّﺸﻮٓ ﻟـﻴﺶ ﺃﻛـﻞ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺗﺒﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺒﻨﺎۤﻳﺎﺕ. ﳏﺸﻴّﺔ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺸﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗۤﺒﻨﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗﺒﻨَﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺗۤﺒۤﻦ. ﺗْﺒَﻠّٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠّﺺ ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﮔﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﺗﱭ. ﺗْﺒَﻠّٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻠّﻂ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﻧﻮﻟﻮ ﺗـﺒﲏ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻟﻮﻧـﻪ ﺗْﺒَﻠّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﻠّﻌﻪ :ﺟﺮﻋﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ
ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﻛﺎﺷﻒ. ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺭُﺷِﻲ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺗﱭ ،ﻭﺩﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻧﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﱭ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﺗﺎۤﺭﻱ ﺑﺘﺒﻠّﻊ ﻭﻳﺎﻣـﺎ
ﻭﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺗﺒﻠّﻊ.
٢٥٠
ﺗْﺒﻨّﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨّﺞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﱭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﺘﻖ ﻣﺎﺑﺼﲑ ﺗﱪ.
ﺗْﺒﻨﺪﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺪﺭ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳊﻴّﺔ ﲢـﺖ ﺍﻟـﺘﱭ،
ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﳌﻌﲎ :ﻋﺮﺽ ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻦ ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﲑﺓ ﺟﺎﺑﺖ )ﺃﻭ ﻭﻟﺪﺕ( ﺃﺑﻦ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﺘﱭ.
ﺗﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺭَﺩّٓﻭ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟـﺘﱭ
ﺗْﺒَﻨْﺪﻕ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﺘﺒﻨﺪﻕ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﲑ ﲝﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ،ﺃﺵ ﺃﺟﺎﱐ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﻴﺪﺭ ﺗﻴﺠـﻴﲏ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻨﺪﻭﻕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﻦ ﺗﺒﻨﻮ ﻭﺃﺵ ﺃﺟﺎﱐ ﻣﺎﻟﻘﺮﺩ ﺗﻴﺠﻴﲏ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻨﻮ؟.
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺒْﻨﻴّﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺜُﻤﻨﻴّﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲦﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻨﺒﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ ﻛﺎﻣـﻞ ﺍﻟﻐـﺰّﻱ
ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻳﻴﻠﻬﻢ. ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﺤﺎﺑﻮ :ﺷﻴﺨﻲ ! ﺍﻟﻴﻮۤﻣﻪ ﻻ ﺗْﻮﺟّﻪ ﻋﺸـﺎ
ﺗْﺒَﻬْﺪﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺪﻝ. ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﺳﻜﺐ ﻟﻚ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﺴﺎ ﺑﻌﺖ ﻟﻮ ﻣﻄﺒﻘﺎﻧﻴّـﺔ ﻓﻴّـﺎ ﺗَﻠـﺖ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺟﻮﺯﻱ ﲡﻮﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻴﺒﻮ ﲣﺮّﺝ ﺻﺤﻮﻥ ،ﻓﺘﺤﺎ ،ﻭﺃﺵ ﺷﺎﻑ؟ ﺷـﺎﻑ ﺻـﺤﻦ ﺗـﱭ
ﻫﻮّﻩ ﺑﺘﺒﻬﺪﻝ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺘﻔﺮﺝ. ﻭﺻﺤﻦ ﺷﻌﲑ ﻭﺻﺤﻦ ﻓﺼّﺔ ،ﺭﺟّﻌﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻣﻊ ﻭﺭﻗـﺎ
ﺗْﺒﻬﺮﺝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒـﻬﺮَﺝ ﻓﻴّﺎ:
ﺍﻷﻋﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﻫﻢ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺃﻫﺪﻳﺘﻤﻮﻧﺎ ﻛﻞ ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺯﻳّﻦ. ﺃﻓﺘﺄﻛﻠﻮﻥ )ﻫﻮﺍﻛُﻢُ( ﺑﺒﻘﻴﺘﻪْ ؟
ﺗْﺒﻬﻨﻚ :ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﳎﺮﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻨﻜﺔ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﱭ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ :ﻫﻮ ﺗﱭ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﱢﻲ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﻫﻮ
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮ ﻭﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺣﻖ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً، ﺃﻃﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﱭ ﻟﻠﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺃﻧﻔﻌﻪ ﳍﺎ.
ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﳑﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ: ﺗَﺒﱠﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﱭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ
–ً ١ﺃﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺒَﻨّﻚ ﰲ ﻋـﺰﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﱭ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺘﱭ.
ﲤﻜﻦ. ﺗْﺒَﻨّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺒَﻨّﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪَ :ﺍﺗّﺨﺬﻩ ﺍﺑﻨﺎً.
–ً ٢ﺃﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺒﻬﻜﻨﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓُ ﰲ ﻣﺸـﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺒﻨّﻴﺎً.
– ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻌﺠﺰﺍﺀ – :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻬْﻜَﻦ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻟﺸـﺒﺎﺏ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﺒﻨّﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻓﻜـﺮﺓ ﻓـﻼﻥ،
ﺍﻟﻐﺾّ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺏّ ﺍﻟﻐﺾّ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺑَﻬْﻜﻨﺔ :ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ ﻃﻴﺒـﺔ )ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻫﺎ ﺛﺎﻗﻔﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ(.
ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ. ﺗْﺒَﻨْﺒٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﺒﻖ.
–ً ٣ﺃﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺒَﻬّﻦ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﺒﺨﺘﺮ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
–ً ٤ﺃﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻨﻜﺖ ﺍﳉﺎﺭﻳﺔ :ﺧﺮﺟـﺖ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻠﺒﻖ ﻟﺰﻧﺒﻖ ﻳٕﺘﺒﻨﺒـﻖ )ﺯﻧﺒـﻖ
ﻓﻔﺎﺧﺮﺕ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺘَﻬﺎ ﺑﺄﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎ. ﻋﺒﺪ(.
ﺗْﺒَﻬﻮٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻮﻗﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
٢٥١
ﻗﻨﺪﺭﺗﻮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻮﻳﺎ. ﺗْﺒَﻮّٔﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺑـﻮّﺏ
ﺗٕﱯ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺪﻭ ﻋﱰﺓ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺃﺵ ﺗٕﱯ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺪ ؟ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺒﻐﻲ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﺮﻳﺪ. ﺗﺒٓﻮﺑَﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮﺑﺞ.
ﺗْﺒَﻴّﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴّﺖ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. – ﺗْﺒﻮٓﺟﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺠﻖ
ﺗْﺒَﻴّٔﺾ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴّﺾ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﲟﻌﲎ ﺣُﻜِﻲ ﻛﻼﻡ ﲜﻖ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺒﻮٓﺩﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﺭ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( – ﻛﻌﺎﺩﺗﻪ – ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗﺒﻴّﺾ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ. ﺗْﺒَﻮّٔﺯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮّﺯ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺒَﻴّٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮّﻕ ﺍﻟﻜِﺬﺏَ: ﺗْﺒَﻮّٔﺱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮّﺱ.
ﺯﻳﻨّﻪ ﻭﺯﻭّﻗﻪ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻘﻬﺎ ))ﺗﺒﻮﻕ((. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺱ.
ﺗْﺒﻴﱠﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺒﻴّﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻇﻬـﺮ ﻭﺍﺗّﻀـﺢ، ﺗْﺒﻮّٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮّﺵ ﲟﻌـﲎ
ﻭﺗَﺒﻴّﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺗﺄﻣﻠﻪ ﻭﺗﻮﺳّﻤﻪ ﻭﺗﺄﻧّﻰ ﻭﺗﺜﺒّﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺃ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺘﺎﺧٔﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗٕﺨۤﻦ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ـﺎ ﺍﻟﺘْﺒﻮﻉ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻐﻞ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺗﺒﻮﻋﻮٓ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺷﻐﻠﺔ
ﺍﻟﺜﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ. ﺑﺪّﺍ ﺗﺒﻮﻋﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻮﻉ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺗﺒﻌﻪ :ﺳﺎﺭ ﰲ
ﺗْﺘﺎﺭٔﻙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺘﺎﺭﻛﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ :ﺗﺮﻛﻮﻩ. ﺇﺛﺮﻩ .ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻒﺀ.
ﺗْﺘَﺎﻛﻞ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺗﺎﻛﻞ. ﺍﻟﺘَﺒّﻮﻟۤﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﺷﺮﺍﻢ[ :ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ
ﺗْﺘَﺒّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺘﺒّﻊ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺑﺎﻗﺘﻔﺎﺀ. ﻧﺎﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ ﻳﻨﻘﻊ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﰒ ﳝﺰﺝ ﺑـﺮﺏّ ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺪﻭﺭﺓ
ﺍﻟﺘَﺘْﺒِﻴﻠۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺸﻮﺓ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ ﻣـﻦ ﺭﺯ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻣﻔﺮﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺪﻭﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻳﻀﺎﻑ
ﺑﺮﻏﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ،ﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻞ. ﺇﱃ ﻣﺎﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻭﺩﺑﺲ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﲪﺾ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻤـﻮﻥ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺒﻞ. ﰒ ﲡﺒﻞ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﺎً ﺣﱴ ﺗﺰﻭﻝ ﻗﺮﻃﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻏﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺮ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻄﻄﺮ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ :ﺗﺎﺗـﺎﺭ ،ﻭﰲ ﺗﺆﻛﻞ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻴﻊ ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﺘﱰﻫﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :TARTARE :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳـﺎﻋﻲ ﺗْﺒﻮّٔﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ
ﺍﻟﱪﻳـﺪ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻌـﺎﺓ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﻏﺎﻟﺒـﺎً ﻳﻜﻮﻧـﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮّﻡ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻡ.
ﺗْﺒﻮٓﻳﺎ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ :ﺑﻮﻳﺎ
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ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻘﻞ. ﺷﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺮ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﰲ ﻋﺼﺮ ﺍﳌﻐﻮﻝ ،ﺳﺒﺒﻪ :ﺟَﻠَـﺪﻫﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗﺘّﻘّﻞ ﺑﻠﺒﺴﻚ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴَﻔَﺮ ﻣﻊ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﲑ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺘﺘّـﺮﻱ،
ﻭﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﺎﻡ ﲢﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺍﳉﻮٓﺩَﻟِﻲ. ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺗﺎﺭﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﻄﺮﻱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﻲ.
ﺗْﺘَﻘّٔﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﺗﻘـﻦ ﺗْﺘَﺮّٔﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺘَﺮﱠﺏ :ﺻـﺎﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﺑـﺎً،
ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺣﻜﻤﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻧﺔ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺗﻠﻮّﺙ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ.
ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻓﺔ. ﺗْﺘَﺮْﺑَﻊ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺪﺭﺑﻊ.
ﺗْﺘَﻠّﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﺗﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ: ﺗْﺘَﺮّٔﺱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘـﺮﺱ
ﺻﺎﺭ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ. ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗَﻮﻗّﻰ ،ﺍﲣﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺗﺮﺳﺎً.
ﺗْﺘَﻠّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺜَﻠّﻢ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻧﻜﺴـﺮ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ :ﺗَﺘَﺮّﺱ :ﺗﻮﻗّﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺱ.
ﺣﺪّﻩ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺴـﻜﺮﻱ :ﺗﺘـﺮّﺱ :ﺍﺣﺘﻤـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻠﻢ. ﲟﺘﺮﺍﺱ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻓـﻼﻥ ﺳـﻜﻴﻨﺘﻮ ﻣﺘﻠّﻤـﺔ ﺗْﺘَﺮّٔﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘـﺮﻙ
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﺸﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ(. ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻌﺔ.
ﺗْﺘَﻠﻤَﺬ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﲝﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺘﺔ ﻷﻧـﻮ ﺗﺘﺮﻟﺮ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻃﻄﺮﻟﺮ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﺎ :ﺗﺎﺗﺎﺭﻟﺮ
ﺗﺘﻠﻤﺬ ﻋﺎﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺑﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺴﺎﱐ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺘَﻠﻤﺬ ﺃﻭ ﻃﻄﺮﻟﺮ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ ﻗﺮﻟـﻖ ﻭﻗﺎﺿـﻲ
ﻭﺗﻠﻤﺬ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻟﻪ :ﺗﻌﻠّﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ. ﻋﺴﻜﺮ ،ﻭﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﺣﻲّ ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺮ.
ﺗْﺘَﻤّﻦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻏﺎﱄ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺘﻤّﻦ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻣـﻦ ﺗْﺘَﺮْﻳٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺗٕﺘّﺮﻳـﻖ ﻭﻷﻳـﺶ
ﺍﻟﺜَﻤَﻦ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺛﺎﺀﻫـﺎ ﻫﺎﻟﺘَﺮﻳﻘَﺎﺕ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﺴﺨﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴُﺨﺮﺍﺕ.
ﺗﺎﺀ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻓﻌﻼً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳﺎﻕ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺼﺤّﺔ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺘّﻤّﻦ. ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺀ ﻳﻌﺎﰿ ﺑﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻮﻡ ﲣﻴﻼً ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻧﻪ
ﺍﻟﺘَﺘٕﻤّﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘَﺘِﻤّﺔ :ﻣﺎﻳَﺘِﻢّ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ. ﻣﺴﻤﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﻆ ﻭﺍﳊﻨﻖ ﻭﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴـﺨﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻥ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺘِﻤّﺔ. ﻳﺪﺍﻭﻱ ﻏﻠﻴﻠﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻤﲔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺗَﻤّﻦ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺨﻤﲔ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻷﳌـﺎﺯ ﺗْﺘَﺴّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﺔ ﻓﻌﻼً ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّـﻞ
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺘﻤﲔ. ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺘٓﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻮﺗﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ ﻣﻄﻠﻘـﺎً، ﺗُﺘُﺶ :ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺩﻣﺸﻖ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﱃ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺣﻠـﺐ
ﰒ ﻟـﺪﻯ ﺩﺧـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺒـﻎ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻏﻴـﺮ ﺱ.٤٨٣
ﺗْﺘَﻘّﻞ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺗَﻘّـﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫـﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّـﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺪﻳـﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺛَﻘُـﻞ
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﱳ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ :ﻻﺃﺻـﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ.
ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻠﻲ ﻭﻻ ﺩﻳﻨَﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻳﲏ. ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺗٕﺘْﻨﻪ ﻭﺗﺘﻨﺎﻱ ﻭﺗﺘﻨﺎﻳـﺔ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[: ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﻳﺎﺕ.
ﻳﺎﻣﻘﺮﻣﻄﺎ ﺷﻌﺨﺸﻮ :ﻗﺮﻣﺎﺕ ﺗﱳ ﺩﺭﻋﻮﺯ ! ﻭﺑﺎﺋﻌﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺎﻧـﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺘﻨﺠـﻲ
ﺃﻱ :ﺷﻌﺮ ﺧﺸﻤﻪ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺘﻨﺠﻴﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻬﺰﺝ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ....:ﳏﻤـﺪ ﻭﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻴﺖ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺘﻨﺠـﻲ(( ﻣـﻦ ﺇﺳـﻼﻡ
ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺒﺎﻙ ،ﺑﺸﺮﺏ ﺗﱳ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻨﺒﺎﻙ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ ﻏـﺎﱄ، ﻭﻧﺼﺎﺭﻯ.
ﺑﺴﻮﻯ ﺩﻗﻦ ﺧﺎﱄ.... ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗٓﺘﻮٓﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻐﺎﺯﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﻷﲰﺮ ﺍﻟـﺪﻫﱯ ﻭﻛـﺘﲑ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ.
ﻣﺎﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﰲ ﻃﻠﱯ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﳏﺒﻮﰊ ﺣﻄﻴـﺖ ﻭﺃﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﱳ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺰﺭﻉ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺭﻳﺸـﺎ ،ﺇﻻ
ﻧﺎﺭﻱ ﰲ ﻛﺒﺪﻱ) :ﺍﻟﺘﱳ(. ﻣﻦ ﳛﺐ ﺍﳊﺎﺩّ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻴﺪﺧﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﻮﻱ.
ﺗْﺘَﻨّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺛَﻨّﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ))ﺮ ﺍﻟـﺬﻫﺐ(( ﺟ ٣ﺹ :٢٨۰ﺳـﻨﺔ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺍﺛﻨﲔ. ١٦٣٥ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺈﺑﻄﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘـﺪﺧﲔ
ﺗْﺘَﻨّﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺘَﻨّﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﻱ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﺑﺎﻟﺘﱳ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ ﻭﻧﻮﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﺮﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺘﻞ.
ﺗَﺜَﻨّﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺐ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ :ﺗﻠﻮﱠﻯ ﻭﺍﻧﻌﻄﻒ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﺎﺀ ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺮﰊ: ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ))ﺇﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ(( ﺟ ۲ﺹ :٢٥۰ﺃﻏﻠﻘﺖ
]ﻣﻦ ﻏﻨﺎﺋﻬﻢ[ :ﳌّﺎ ﺑﺪﺍ ﻳَﺘَﺜﻨّﻰ. ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﺩ ،ﻭﺃﺻﺪﺭ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﲟﻨﻊ
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺘْﻨﺎﻱ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺘﻨﺎﻳﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺮﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺗْﺘَﻨّﻰ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺷﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﺗﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ ،ﻭﺃﻥ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗﻠﻮﱠﻯ. ﻳﺸﺮﺑﻪ ﻳﻘﺘﻞ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ.
ﺗْﺘَﻮّٔﺝ :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺘَﻮّﺝ :ﻟَﺒِﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ. ﻭﰲ ))ﺇﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ(( ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً :ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣـﺔ
ﺗْﺜﺎﻗٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺜﺎﻗَﻞ :ﺗﺒﺎﻃﺄ ﻭﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﺗـﻮﺍﻧَﻰ، ﺍﻟﺪﺣﻼﱐ ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻪ ))ﺧﻼﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﰲ ﺃﻣﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻠـﺪ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺿﺠﺮ ﻭﺑﺮﻡ. ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻡ(( :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺷـﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟـﺪﺧﺎﻥ ﺳـﻨﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺜﺎﻗﻞ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻛﺘﲑ. ﺗﺴﻌﻤﺎﺋﺔ ﻭﺗﺴﻊ ﻭﺗﺴﻌﲔ.
ﺗْﺜﺒّﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺜﺒﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺗـﺄﻧّﻰ ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﺟ ١ﺹ ٨٥ﺣﻴﺚ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﱳ ﺳﻨﺔ .١٧٨٦
ﻭﱂ ﻳﻌﺠﻞ ،ﺷﺎﻭﺭ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻓﺤﺺ ﻋﻨﻪ. ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﰲ ))ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻌﻮﻡ ﲞـﺎﺵ(( ﺹ ٩٦ﺳـﻨﺔ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺜَﺒﱡﺖ. :١٨٤٥ﺃﺟﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﱳ ﺭﻃﻞ ١٦ﺑﺴﻌﺮ ١٥ﻣﺸﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﳍﻨﺎ
ﺗْﺜﺒّٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺛﺒّﻄﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺭ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﱳ ،ﻋﻠﺒـﺔ ﺍﻟـﺘﱳ،
ﺑﺎﻛﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﱳ.
]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ – :ﺃﺵ ﺑﻘﺮﺑﻚ ﻓﻼﻥ ؟
– ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﻴﺲ ﺗﱳ ﻧﺎﻧﱵ.
ﺃﻭ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺣﺼّﻨﺘﻚ ﺑﻜﻴﺲ ﺗﱳ ﻧﺎﻧﺘﻚ.
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ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﳏﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺹ ٤٧ﻭ ، ٤٨ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ :ﺱ ٢٤ﺹ:١۰٣ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺭَﻳّﺜﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌـﲎ:
ﲡﺎﺭﺓ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ .١٩ ﺃﲬﺪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﳏﻞ ﲡﺎﺭﻱ ،ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ، ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗْﺜَﺒّﻄۤﺖ ﳘﺘﻮ.
ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ. ﺗْﺜَﻘّٔﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻟﺒﺴﻮ ﺧﺴـﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺃﻛﻠـﻮ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻘّﻒ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻫﺬّﺑﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻤﻪ.
ﲡﺎﺭﺓ )ﻷﻥ ﺃﺑﺎﻩ ﻳﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻠﻪ(. ﺍﻟﺘَﺜﻠﻴﺚ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺛﻠّﺚ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ.
ﺗْﺠﺎﺯَﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋَﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟـﺎﺯﺍﻩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺜﻠﻴﺚ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻹﻟـﻪ ﺛﻼﺛـﺔ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺃﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ :ﺍﻷﺏ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﻦ ﻭﺭﻭﺡ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺱ.
ﺗْﺠﺎﺳَﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺎﺳﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛـﺬﺍ :ﺃﻗـﺪﻡ ﺗْﺠﺎﺩَﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲡﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺃﻣـﺮ:
ﻭﺍﺟﺘﺮﺃ. ﲣﺎﺻﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺗْﺠﺎﻓَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻓَﻰ :ﺗﺒﺎﻋﺪ. ﺍﻟﺘِﺠﺎﺭﺓ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺻﻨﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﻠـﻢ
ﺗْﺠَﺎﻓٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻓﺺ. ﻳﺪﺭﺱ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲡﺎﺭﺕ.
ﺗْﺠﺎﻛٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻛﺮ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺓ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺗﻌﺪّ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻘـﺪﱘ ﰲ
ﺗْﺠﺎﻟَﺲ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲡﺎﻟﺴﻮﺍ :ﺟﻠـﺲ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺑﻌﺾ. ﻭﺧﺎﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﻗﻴﺴﺎﺭﻳﺎﺎ ﺗﺮﺑﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﲔ.
ﺗْﺠﺎﻧَﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻧﺴـﻪ. ﻭﳌﺎ ﺯﺍﺭ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻛﻮﺗﻮ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﺱ ﺳـﻨﺔ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ١٥٩٩ﺻﺎﺩﻑ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﲡﺎﺭﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻢ ﻭﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﻣﻦ
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺻﻤﻌﻲ :ﺇﺎ ﻣﻮﻟّﺪﺓ. ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﺝ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺩﻗﺔ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺳﻴﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻗﺸـﺘﺎﻟﻪ ﻭﺟﻨـﻮﻩ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻧُﺲ. ﻭﺇﻧﻜﻠﺘﺮﺍ ﻭﺃﳌﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺑﻠﺠﻴﻜﺎ.
ﺗْﺠﺎﻫٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻫﺮ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ :ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺑﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ :ﻋﺪﺩ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺹ.٣١
ﺗْﺠﺎﻫَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻫﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀِ :ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﲜﻬﻠﻪ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻋـﺎﻡ
ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻪ. :١٨٢٥ﺣﱴ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ﺗﺒﻴـﻊ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻫﻞ. ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺎً ﻣﺎﻻ ﻳﺒﺎﻉ ﰲ ﺩﻣﺸﻖ ﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻣﻌﺎً ﰲ ﺷـﻬﺮ
] ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ [ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭﻑ. ﻭﺍﺣﺪ.
ﺗْﺠﺎﻭٔﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻭﺑﻮﺍ :ﺟﺎﻭﺏ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺟﺎﻙ ﺳﻮﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﻯ ﺗﺮﻭﺳﻠﻮﻥ :ﻻﻳﻀﺎﻫﻲ
ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻠﺪ ﺑﺘﺠﺎﺭﺎ ﻭﲡﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺆﻣﻮﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺭ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻭُﺏ. ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ.
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ﺗْﺠﺮّٔﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮﱠﺏ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﲡﺎﻭﺏ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻟـﺚ ﻭﺍﳌﺜـﺎﱐ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. )ﻋﻠﻰ ﲣﻴﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﻭﺗﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻘـﺎﻡ
ﺗْﺠٔﺮﺑٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮﺑﻖ. ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺏ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﻮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ(.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺠﺎﻭٔﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻭﺯﻩ :ﻣﺮّ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺪّﺍﻩ ،ﻋﻨﻪ:
ﺗَﺠْﺮْﺑۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮِﺑﺔ :ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮّﺏ. ﻋﻔﺎ ﻋﻨﻪ ،ﻭﻋﻨﻪ :ﺗﻨﺤّﻰ ﻋﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻭُﺯ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺮِﺑﺖ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺣـﺪﱠﻙ ﺃﻭ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪ ﺣﺪّ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ.
ﺛﺎﻗﻔﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﻣﺮّ ﺑﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻗﺎﺳﻴﺔ. ﺗْﺠﺒّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺒّﺮ :ﺗﻜﺒّﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮُ :ﺃُﺻﻠﺢ.
ﺗْﺠٔﺮْﺟٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮﺟﺮ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺒﱡﺮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻜﺒّﺮ.
ﺗْﺠَﺮّﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲡﺮّﺩ ﻋﻦ ﺛﻴﺎﺑﻪ :ﺗﻌﺮﱠﻯ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺗْﺠَﺒﻠٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺒﻠﺺ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﳌﻌﲎ ﲣﻠﻰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﲡـﺮّﺩ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[:ﻻﺗﺘﺠـﺒﻠﺺ ﺣـﺪﺍ ،ﺑـﺪّﻭ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺮﱡﺩ. ﻳﺘﺠﺒﻠﺼﲏ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺭﳒﺒﺎﺭ.
ﺗْﺠﺮﺩَﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮﺩﻡ. ]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﳓﻨﻪ ﻣﺎﻋﻢ ﻧﺘﺠﺒﻠﺼـﻚ ﻭﺃﷲ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺷﻬﻴﺪ.
ﺗْﺠٔﺮّٔﺹ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮّﺹ. ﲡﺒّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺒّﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﱭُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺟُﺒﻨﺎً ،ﺟَﻤَﺪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺠَﺒّﻪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺟﺒﻬـﻪ
ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮٔﺓ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺗَﺠَﺮ :ﺑﺎﻉ ﻭﺷَﺮَﻯ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻓﺎﺟﺄﻩ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﻠﻪ ﲟﻜﺮﻭﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[:ﺧٕﺴۤﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻛٕﺴۤﺐ ﰲ ﲡﺮﺗﻮٓ. ﺗْﺠﺪﺑَﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﺪﺑﻨـﺔ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺟۤﺮ ﺃﺑﻮ ﲡﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺍﺭﻉ ﺃﺑـﻮ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﳉﺪﺑۤﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﺪﺭﺓ. ﺗْﺠَﺪﱠﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺪّﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺍً.
ﺗْﺠﺮﻭٔﺡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌْﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟَﺮْﻭﺡ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺪﱡﺩ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻭﻱ ﻣﺎﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﺘﺠﺪّﺩ
ﺻﺮﻣﺎﻳﺘﻮ ﻛﻞ ﲨﻌﺔ :ﺑﺒﻴﻌﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺑﺸـﺘﺮﻱ ﻏـﲑﺍ
ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ.
٢٥٦
ﺗْﺠﻘّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟَﻘَﺮ ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺠﺰّﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲡﺰﺃ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ –ﻭﺗﺴـﻬّﻞ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﳘﺰﺗﻪ– :ﺗﻘﺴﻢ ،ﻗُﻄّﻊ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ.
ﺗْﺠﻘﻮٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻘﺮ ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲡﺰﺋﺖ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ. ﺗْﺠَﺴّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺴﱠﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ
ﺗْﺠَﻠّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠَﻠّﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻇﻬـﺮ ﺟﺴﺪ..
ﻭﺗﻜﺸّﻒ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻻﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﲡﻠﱢﻲ ﺍﷲ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺴﱡﺪ.
ﺗْﺠَﻠّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠَﻠّﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺗْﺠﺴّﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺴّﺲ :ﺗﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ
ﺟﻠﺪ ﻭﻟﻮ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻠﺪ. ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ.
ﺗْﺠَﻠّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠَﻠّﺪ :ﺻﱪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺴﱡﺲ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠَﻠﱡﺪ. ﺗْﺠَﺴّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﺴﱠﻢ :ﻋَﻈُﻢ ﺟﺴـﻤﻪ،
ﺗْﺠﻠّﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟَﻠّﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﰲ ﻋﻴﲏ :ﺗَﺼﻮّﺭ.
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﺲ :ﺿﺪّ ﻗﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻠﻮﺱ ﺃﻋـﻢّ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺇۤﺗْﺠَﺸِﻢ )ﻭﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻛَﺎﻓـﺎً،
ﺍﻟﻘﻌﻮﺩ. ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ(.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﲡﻠّﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻟٓـﻮ ﺍﻟﺘَﺠْﺴﲑ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻱ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ :ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ
ﺣﺪﺑۤﺔ ﻭﺗْﺠﻠّﺴۤﺖ ﺣﺪﺑﺘﻮٓ. ﺍﳉﺴﻮﺭ.
ﺗْﺠﻠﻐٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﻐﻢ. ﺗْﺠﻌٔﱪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻌﱪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺠَﻠّﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲡﻠّﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻔَﺮﺷﺎﺕ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗْﺠَﻌّٔﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠَﻌّﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗَﻘـﺒّﺾ ﻭﱂ
ﺗَﺠﻠّﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻏﻄّﺎﻩ. ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﺮﺳﻼً.
ﻋﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻠﱢﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ :ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺴـﻴﺢ ﺗْﺠﻌﻔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﻟﻄﻼﺑﻪ ﰲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺻُﻠِﺐ. ﺍﳉﻌﻔﺼﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻋﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻠﱢﻲ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺼـﻴﻒ: ﺗْﺠﻌﻠﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭَﻟﱢﻲ ،ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﻘﻊ ﰲ ٦ﺁﺏ. ﺟﻌﻠﻚ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺠﻤّﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟَﻤّـﺪ ﺗْﺠﻌﻨﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﳉﻌﻨﺼﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺠﻤّٔﺮ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻤﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺳـﺘﻨﺠﻰ ﺗْﺠﻌﻨﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺑﺎﳉﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳊﺠـﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳉﻌﻨﻜﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً. ﺗْﺠﻔﺠﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺟﻔﺠﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺠﻔّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲡﻔّـﻒ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ
ﺟَﻔّﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
٢٥٧
– ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻋﻄﺎﺭ ﻛﻞ ﻳﻮﻡ ﲜـﻲ
ﺗْﺠﻨﮕﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﮕَـﻞ ﻟﻌﻨﺪﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ :ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻦ )ﻭﺑﺸﻖّ ﻟﻠﻮ ﻧﺺ ﻃﺮﺣﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺭﻕ ﺻٔﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﺠﻤّﺮ ﻓﻴّﺎ ،ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺡ(.
ﺗْﺠﻬّﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲡﻬّﺰ ﻟﻠﺴﻔﺮ :ﺍﺗّﺨﺬ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻣـﻪ، ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺷﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻄّﺎﺭ ﻗﺎۤﻟۤﺐ ﻭﭼّﻮٓ ،ﺳﺄﻟﻮﺍ:
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻻﲣﺎﺫ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ. – ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﻧﻚ ﻋﺎﳊﺸﻴﺸﺔ
ﺗْﺠﻬّﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺟﻬّﻠـﻪ ﻣﺎﺭﺩّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﺴﺒﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳉﻬﻞ. – ﻛﻨّﻲ ﻋﻴﺎﻟﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺭ
ﺗْﺠَﻬّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠَﻬّﻤﻪ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﻠﻪ ﺑﻮﺟﻪ ﻋﺒﻮﺱ – ﺇۤﻱ ﻭﺍﷲ :ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﻭﺻﺒﻴﲔ ﻭﺑﻨـﺘﲔ ﻭﺗﺒﻌـﻚ
ﻛﺮﻳﻪ. ﻣﻌﻦ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺟﻬّﺰ ،ﻭﺗﻌـﺒﲑ ﺣـﺪﻳﺚ ﺗْﺠَﻤّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠَﻤﱠﻊ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻧﻀـﻤّﺖ
ﻟﻠﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩﻳﺔ. ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺅﻩ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﻫﻴﺰ. ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﻤﱡﻊ ﻭﲡﻤﱡﻌﺎﺕ.
ﺗْﺠﻮٓﺟَﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺗْﺠﻤّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠَﻤّﻞ ،ﺗﺰﻳّﻦ.
ﺍﳉﻮٓﺟﺤﺎﻧۤﺔ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺭﻛﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﺣﺮﻛﻬﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺠَﻤْﻬٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻤﻌـﻞ
ﺗْﺠﻮّٔﺯ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺰَﻭّﺝ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻻﻣـﺮﺃﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲨﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲨﻌﻬﻢ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﺄﻫّﻞ ﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﻟﻠﻤـﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ :ﺱ ١٩ﺹ.٥٦١
ﺍﲣﺬﺕ ﺯﻭﺟﺎً ﳍﺎ. ﺗْﺠﻨّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲡﻨّﺒﻪ :ﺑَﻌُﺪ ﻋﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺟﺎﺯﺓ ﻭﺟﻮﺯ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲡﻨﱡﺐ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺟﻮﺯﻱ ﺑﺘﺠﻮّﺯ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻴﺴـﻮ ﺗْﺠَﻨْﺒٔﻆ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺟﻨـﺒﻆ
ﺑﺘﺨﺮّﺝ ﻫﻮّﻩ ﺑﺘﺒﻬﺪﻝ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺘﻔﺮّﺝ. ﲟﻌﲎ :ﲣﻠﻖ ﺑﺄﺧﻼﻕ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺑﻈﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﻟﻴﺨﻄﺐ ﲡﻮﺯ ،ﻛﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺗْﺠﻨّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﻨّﺪ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺟﻨﺪﻳﺎً.
ﺑﺘﺠﻮﺯ ﺃﻣﻲ ﺑَﺴَﻤّﻴﻪ ﻋﻤﱢﻲ. ﺗْﺠﱰٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﱰﺭ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺕ ﲡﻮّﺯﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺗﺰﳒﺮ :ﺗﻘﻴﺪ ﺑـﺎﻟﺰﳒﲑ
ﻭﺍﻧﺎ ﺑﺸﻤﺸۤﻢ ﻋﺎﻟﺮﳛﺔ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻻﺯﻡ ﻧٕﻘﻄﻊ ﺻﺮّﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺣﲔ ﺗْﺠﻨّﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄـﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨّﺴـﻪ:
ﻭﻻﺩﺗﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﻞ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻤّﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣـﻞ ﻳﺘﺠـﻮّﺯﺍ ﳌـﺎ ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺑﺎً ﺇﱃ ﺟﻨـﺲ ﻏﻴـﺮ ﺟﻨﺴـﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻠـﻲ
ﺑﻜـﱪ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻮﻑ ﲟﻨﺎﻣـﻮ ﺟﻨـﺎﺯۤﺓ ﺑﻜـﻮﻥ ﺑـﺪّﻭ
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ﺗْﭽﺒﻘﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﭽﺒﻘﻨﺔ. ﻳﺘﺠﻮّﺯ ،ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺗﺘﺠﻮﺯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻧﺎﺧـﺪ ﺃﺭﺍﻣـﻼ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻧﺒﻴّﱳ ﲜﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﱵ ،ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﺸﻠﺢ ﺟﺮﺍﺑﺎﺗﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺣﺎﺟﺘَﻚ ﺗْﺘﭽﺒﻘﻦ. ﺗﺸﻠﺢ ﻣﻠﺤﻔﺘﺎ ﻣﺎﺑﺘﺠﻮّﺯﻭﺍ ﺑﻨﺎﺗﺎ.
ﺗْﭽﺮﺑٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﭼﺮﺑﻖ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻗﺘﺒﺴﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﺒﺲ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺧﺎﰎ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳋﻄﺒﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﲡﺮﺑﻖ ﺍﺑﻨﻮ ﻋﺎﻟﺸﻐﻞ ﻷﻧﻮ ﺗْﺠﻮّٔﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺠﻮﱠﻑ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃﺟﻮﻑ.
ﻧﺰّﻟﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﲡﻮّﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻉ ﺃﻭ
ﺗْﭽﺮﻗﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﭽﺮﻗﻌـﺔ. ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺳﺎ )ﺳﺤﺒﻮﺍ ﻟﺒﺎﺑﻪ ﻟﻴﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﶈﺸﻲ(.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺠﻮّٔﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻮﱠﻝ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻃﻮّﻑ ﻭﺃﻛﺜـﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﭽﺮﻗﻊ ﻛﺘﲑ ﻣﺎﺑﻨﺤﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘَﺠﻮﺍﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﺠﻮّﻝ ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ.
ﻟﻮٓ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬـﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﲡـﻮّﻝ
ﺗْﭽﺮّﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﭼﺮﻙ. ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﻮﱡﻝ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺟﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﳉَﻮﻻﻥ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺠﻮٓﻟٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻮﻟﻘﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﭽﺮﻛﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻴﺘﺎﺕ ﻳﺎﺧـﺎﻱ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺧﻠﺨﻠﻮ. ﺗْﺠَﻮﱠﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻮّﻥ.
ﺗْﭽﻜﭽﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔـﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﭼﻜﭽﻚ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﲡﻮٓﻫٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻮﻫﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻮﻗﻔﻮﺍ ﻭﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﻳﺲ ﺃﻫﻠـﻮ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗﻴﺤﻤﻮﻩ ﻭﲤﺎ ﳚﻲ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻭﻳﭽﻜﭽﻜﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺑﺎﺑﻴﺲ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺪﻫﺐ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻋﺘۤﻖ ﺑﺘﺠﻮﻫﺮ.
ﺗْﭽﻜﻮﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﭼﻜﻮﻙ. ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻮﻳﺪ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻲ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﻛـﻞ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺣﺮﻑ ﺣﻘّﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺗﻼﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﻃﻠﻊ ﲪْﺪﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻘﺘﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻮﻳﻒ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺟﻮّﻓﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺳﻠﻴﻢ ﺑﺲ ﺗْﭽﻜﻮﻙ ﲜﺮﺣﲔ ﰲ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ. ﺗْﭽﺎﻭٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﭼﺎﻭﺭﻩ.
ﺗْﭽﻠْﺒَﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﭼﻠﱭ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺗﭽﺎﻭﺭ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻣﻲ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﺒﻜﻲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺷﺮﺍﻭﻳﻠٓﻦ ﻛﺘﲑ ﻋﺮﺍﺽ،
ﻫﻠّﻖ ﺗﭽﻠﺒﻨﻮﺍ.
ﺗْﭽﻮّٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﭼﻮﱠﺭ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﭽﻮّﺭۤﺕ ﺍﻟﮕﻼﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺎﺏ.
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ﻭﺳﺮﺕ ﺭﻭﺡ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﰲ ﺻﻔﻮﻓﻦ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺑﺘﺒﺎﻫﻮﺍ ﺗْﭽﻴّﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻴّﺮ.
ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻲ ﺳﺒّﻮﺍ ﻭﺪﻟﻮﺍ ﻭﺿﺮﺑﻮﺍ ،ﻭﻛﻢ ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﺒّﻮﺍ ﻓﻴّـﺎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺢ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻛﺮﻳﻬﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺎﺭ ﻋـﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﭽﻴّﺮۤﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﺎﻟﺔ.
ﺑﻀﺤﻚ ﻭﺑﻘﻮﻝ :ﺿﺮﺑﺖ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ،ﺷﻠّﻴﺘﺎ ،ﻣﺰﻗﺘﺎ ،ﺧﻠﻴﺖ ﺗَﺢّ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲢﻰ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻣﺎﰐ.
ﺷﺒﺎﺑﺎ ﺗﺸﻮﻑ ﺃﻧﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﺩﻭﺱ ﺷـﻴﻮﺧﺎ ،ﺃﻳﻨـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﲜﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺢّ ﺑﺮﻭ ﺑﺎﻟ ٕﻜﺶّ.
ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺧﻠّﻴﺖ ؟. ﺗَﺤّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺎﺕ ﷲ ((....ﳌﻌﲎ
ﻭﺍﷲ ﻳﺎﻧﺎﺱ ! ﻣﺎﰲ ﺑﻠﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺟﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﻼﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻠﺴﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻷﻧﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ ﺑـﲔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﻄﻊ ﺻﻼﰐ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻋﻢ ﺑَﺘَﺤﱢﻲ،
ﺍﻵﺭﻳﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﲔ ،ﻭﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﺎﰲ ﻣﺘﻠﻮ ﺗـﺮﺍﺏ ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﻋﻴﺪﺍ.
ﻣﻠﻄﺦ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪﱘ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻫﺎﻟﻨﻜﺒـﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ﺗَﺤّﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳊﻤﺎۤﻣﺎﰐ ﲢّﻰ ﻟﻠﻜﺸۤﺔ ﻭﻧﺰﻟﺖ،
ﺁۤﺧﺪﺍۤ ﺑﺮﻗﺎﺏ ﺑﻌﻀﺎ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎﲝﻜﻲ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺭﻳﺦ ،ﻭﻛـﻞ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗَﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ :ﺗَﺢْ ﺗَﺢْ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﻊ ﺗَﻊ ،ﺃﻱ
ﻫﺎﻟﻨﻜﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﺃﺛﺮﺕ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻞ ﺯﺍﺩﺗﺎ ﻋﺰﳝﺔ ،ﺇﻻّ ﻧﻜﺒﺔ ﺗﻌﺎﻝَ ﺗﻌﺎﻝَ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺟﻰﺀ ﺟﻰﺀ ،ﻏﲑ ﻋﺎﺭﻓﲔ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌـﺎﻝَ
ﻣﺎﳛﺘﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ ﺁﺑﺎﺅﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺩﺑّﺮﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﻣﻦ ﲢﺖ. ﺗﻘﺎﻝ :ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻨـﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﻠـﻮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻴـﻮﺭ
ﺣﺴﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻧﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ. ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ.
ﺗْﺤﺎﺟَﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﺟّﺎ :ﺗَﺨﺎﺻﻤﺎ ،ﺗَﺠﺎﺩﻻ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲢﻦ.
ﺗْﺤﺎﺩﺙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﺩﺛﻮﺍ :ﺣﺪّﺙ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ ﺗْﺤﺎﺑَﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﺏّ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺃﺣﺐ ﻛـﻞ
ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﺩُﺙ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺃﺵ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻴﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ؟
ﺗْﺤﺎﺫَﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ: ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﻣﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻮ ﺍﳉﻬﻨّﻤﻴـﺔ ﺩﺍۤﺳـﺲ ﻧـﺎﺱ
ﺗَﺤﺎﺫﻳﺎ :ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻼ. ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻮﻑ ،ﺑﺎﳌﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻑ ،ﻭﺃﺷّﻲ ﺷﻐﻠﱳ ؟ ﺷـﻐﻠﱳ
ﺗْﺤٔﺎﺭٔﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ :ﺗﻘـﺎﺗﻠﻮﺍ، ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺷﺎﻓﻮﺍ ﻣﻌﺘﺒٔﺮ ﻳﺒﻬﺪﻟﻮﻩ ،ﻳﻀﺤﻜﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻳﻀﺮﺑﻮﻩ،
ﺣﺎﺭﺏ ﻳﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﻭﻟﻮ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨّﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ،ﻭﻟـﻮ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣـﺪ ﺑﻌﻤـﺮ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲢﺎﺑﺐ ﻓﻔﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ. ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻤﻨﻄﻌﺶ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﲔ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ،
ﺗْﺤٔﺎﺭٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺵ. ﻭﺑﺄﻳﻨﺎ ﺣﺠﺔ ؟ ﲝﺠﺔ ﺃﻧﻮ ﻫﻨّﻦ ﺑﻨﺘﺴﺒﻮﺍ ﳊﺰﺏ ﻭﻫﺎﳋﺘﻴﺎﺭ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﺎﺑﻨﺘﺴﺐ ﳊﺰﺑٓﻦ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﺎﺑﻨﺘﺴﺐ ﺃﻟﻦ ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺩﻣّﻮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻻﺗْﺘﺤـﺎﺭﺵ ﺣـﺪﺍ ﻣﺎﺣـﺪﺍ ﺣﻼﻝ ،ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺣﻮﺍ ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻦ ﲝﻂ ﺟﻨﺐ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻛـﻞ
ﺑﺘﺤﺎﺭﺷﻚ. ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻧّﻮ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﺸـﺎﻁ ﺣـﺰﰊ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻔﻌـﺖ
ﺗْﺤٔﺎﺭٔﻑ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﻻﺗﺘﺤــﺎﺭﻑ ﻋﻠـﻲّ، ﺑﺎﻳﺘـﻮ ،ﻭﻏـﺪﺍً ﳌﺎ ﺑﺼﻴـﺮ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﳊﻜــﻢ ﺃﻟــﻦ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺎﺭﻑ ﺑﺬﻝ ﺃﻗﺼـﻰ ﻣﺎﻳﺴﺘﻄﺎﻉ ﻟﻨﻴـﻞ ﻋـﻢ ﺑﺘﺴﺘﻨﺎﻫﻦ ﻗﺒـﻞ ﻏﻴـﺮﻥ ﺃﺷﻬـﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋـﻒ،
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ﻳﺘﺤﺎﻛﻰ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺣﻜـﻰ ﺍﳊـﺪﻳ َ
ﺚ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻣﺎﻳﺮﺍﻡ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻑ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﻘﻠﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺣﻜﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻩ ،ﺃﻱ ﺑﺬﻝ ﺣﱴ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒـﺬﻝ
ﻣﻌﻪ. ﻟﻨﻴﻞ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ.
ﺗْﺤﺎﻛَﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﲢـﺎﻛﻤﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊـﺎﻛﻢ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﶈﺎﺭﻓﺔ.
ﲣﺎﺻﻤﻮﺍ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻜﻤﻮﺍ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺗَﺪﺍﻋﻮﺍ ﻋﻨـﺪﻩ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺗْﺤﺎﺯَﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣَﺰَﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺣﻮﻛﻢ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺪّﺭﻩ ﺑﺎﳊَﺪْﺱ.
ﺗْﺤﺎﻟﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﻟﻔﻮﺍ :ﺗﻌﺎﻫﺪﻭﺍ ،ﺗﻌﺎﻗﺪﻭﺍ. ﺗْﺤﺎﺳَﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﺳﺒﻮﺍ :ﺣﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﻟُﻒ. ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
ﺗْﺤﺎﻣَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﻣﺎﻩ :ﺗﻮﻗّﺎﻩ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﻮﻧـﻮﺍ ﺇﺧـﻮﺓ ﻭﲢﺎﺳـﺒﻮﺍ
ﺗْﺤﺎﻣَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺟﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻭﱂ ﻋﺎﳊﻖ.
ﻳﻌﺪﻝ ،ﻇﻠﻤﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌـﲎ :ﻳﺸـﻦ ﺗْﺤﺎﺳﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﺳﺪﻭﺍ :ﺣﺴﺪ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ
ﺍﳊﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﳍﺠﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
ﺗْﺤﺎﻭٔﻁ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺟﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺴـﻜﺮ ﻭﲢـﺎﻭﻃﻮﻩ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲢﺎﺳُﺪ.
ﻭﻣﺴﻜﻮﻩ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﺣﺎﻃﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(. ﺗْﺤﺎﺷَﻰ :ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗَﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺣﺎﺷـﺎ
ﺗْﺤﺎﻳﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺤﺎﻳﻠﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺣﱴ ﻣﺴـﻜﻮﻩ، ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺍﺩﺕ ﺑﺘﺤﺎﺷﻰ :ﲡﻨّﺐ ﻭﺗﱰﻩ ﻭﺗﻨﺤّﻰ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻴﻠﺔ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﳊﻴﻠﺔ. ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ.
ﺗْﺤﺒّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺒّﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺗَـﻮﺩّﺩ ،ﺃﻇﻬـﺮ ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﲢﺎﺷَـﻰ
ﺍﳊﺐّ. ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﲢﺎﺷَﻰ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺃﻱ :ﺗﱰّﻩ ﻋﻨﻪ.
ﺗْﺤٔﺒّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺒّﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺓَ: ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻛﻌﺎﺩﺗﻪ :ﺗَﺤﺎﺷَﻰ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﳊِﱪ ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﳌﻌـﲎ :ﻛﺘـﺐ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﲡﻨﺒﻪ ،ﺍﺑﺘﻌﺪ ﻋﻨﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﳊِﱪ. ﺗْﺤﺎﺻٔﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﺹّ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ:
ﺗْﺤﺒّﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﺒّﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ :ﺗﻮﻗـﻒ، ﺍﻗﺘﺴﻤﻮﻩ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﺣﺼﺼﺎً.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺣُﺒِﺲ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﺑﻮﻧﺎ ﻭﲢﺎﺻﺼﻨﺎ ،ﻃﻠﻊ
ﺗْﺤﺒّﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺒّﻚ :ﺷﺪ ﺍﳊﺒﻜﺔ )ﺃﻱ ﺷﺪ ﱄ ﺧﺮﺑﻮﺷﺔ ﺣﻮﺵ ﻭﺗﻮﺍﱄ ﺩﻛﺎﻥ.
ﻣﺸّﺪ ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺭ ،ﺃﻭ ﺷﺪﱠ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺸﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺳـﻂ(، ﺗْﺤﺎﻃٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺣـﻂّ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎُ :ﻭﺛﱢﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﺷﺪّﺕ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻪ ﰒ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻭﺿﻊ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺘﺤﺎﻃﻂ :ﺣﻂّ ﻛـﻞ
ﺟُﻠّﺪ. ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺎﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ.
ﺗْﺤﺎﻃٔﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﰎ ﻳﺘﺤـﺎﻃﻂ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺣـﱴ
ﻫﺠّﺠﻮﺍ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﻠﺪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺣﻂّ ﺛﻘﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺿﺎﻳﻘﻪ.
ﺗْﺤﺎﻛَﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﱪۤﺕ ﻣﻌﻮ ﻣﺎﻋﺎﺩ
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ﺗٕﺤﺘﺎۤﱐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﲢﺘﺎﱐ ﻭﺃﻣّﻮ ﲢﺘﺎﻧﻴّﺔ ﺗَﺤْﺖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻼﺯﻡ ﺍﻹﺿـﺎﻓﺔ
ﺃﻭﻋﻰ ﻣﻨّﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺪﺑﺮ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻳﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳋﻔﺎﺀ. ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ،ﺗﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﳉﻬـﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻠـﺔ ﻓـﻮﻕ،
ﺗْﺤﺘّﺖ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺤﺎﺕﱠ ﺍﻟـﻮﺭﻕُ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﺠﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘَﺤﺘﺎﱐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﺩﻭﻥ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﻨﺎﺛﺮ ،ﻭﺷـﻌﺮﻩ ﻋـﻦ ﺭﺃﺳـﻪ :ﺗﺴـﺎﻗﻂ، ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻭﳝﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ.
ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻨﺎﻥُ :ﺗﺄﻛّﻠﺖ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺤۤﺖ ﻭﺗۤﺤﻮﺕ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ
ﺗْﺤﺘّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺘّﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺣﺘﻤﺎً ﺃﻱ :ﻻﺯﻣﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻻﺯﻣﺔ ﺃﻋﲏ :ﻏـﲑ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘـﺎۤﱐ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠـﻪ
ﻣﺘﻌﺪﻳﺔ. ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻗﺎﱐ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﲢﺘّﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺗﺮﺩّ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲢﺖ ﻭﲢﺘﺎﱐ.
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﺑﻌﺖ ﻟﻮٓ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮﺩّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﲢﺖ ﺭﺍﺳَـﻚ ﺩﺷّـﺮﻧﺎ
ﺗْﺤﺠّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺠّﺐ :ﺗَﺴﺘّﺮ. ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻋﻢ ﺑﻀﺤﻚ ﻣﻦ ﲢﺖ ﻟﺘﺤﺖ ،ﻣﺮﻕ ﻣﻦ ﲢﺘﺎ،
ﺗْﺤﺠّﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺎﺟّﺎ :ﲣﺎﺻـﻤﺎ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻣﺸﻲ ﲢﺖ ﺍﳌﻄﺮ ،ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﺞ ،ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ،ﲢﺖ ﺃﻣﺮﻙ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﺗﻰ ﲝﺠﺔ ،ﺃﺑﺪَﻯ ﻋﺬﺭﺍً. ﻭﻴﻚ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺃﺟﺎ ﻋَﻴّﺪﻧﺎ ﲢﺠّﺞ ﺃﻧﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻳﻘـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ:
ﻣﺴﺎۤﻓۤﺮ ﻭﺧﺎﱄ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﺒﺪﻭ ﺷﺎﻓﻮ ﰲ ))ﺩﻛﺎۤﻛﲔ ﺣﺠﻴﺞ((. ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ،ﻭﻛـﺬﺍ:
ﺗْﺤﺠّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﺠّﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﳊﺠﺮ، ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ،ﻭﺗﻘﺎﻡ ﺣﻔﻠﺔ ﲢـﺖ ﺭﻋﺎﻳـﺔ
ﺻﻠﺐ. ﺍﶈﺎﻓﻆ ،ﻭﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﺬﺍ ﲢﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﻛﺬﺍ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲢﺠﱡﺮ. ﻭﻳﻨﺴﺒﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﻠﺐ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﲢﺠّﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻨﻜﻠﻴﺶ. ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ :ﺗﻌﺎ ﺍﺷﺮﻭٓﻕ ،ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺒﻪ :ﺷﺎﺭﻕ ﻣﻦ ﲢﺖ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﲢﺠّـﺮ ﻗﻠﺒـﻮ ﻭﺿـﻤﲑﻭ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺎﲜﻲ ﲢﺘﻚ ﺗﻌﺎ ﻓﻮﻗﻮ.
ﻭﻭﺟﺪﺍﻧﻮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺷﻔﺘﻚ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻭﺷﻔﺘﻚ ﲢﺖ،
ﲢﺠﲑﺓ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲢﺠﲑﺓْ ﻫﺎﻷﺭﮔﻴﻠﺔ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺣﺒّﻴﺘﺎ، ﻣﺸْﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﻲ ﻣﻦ ﲢﺘﻮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺣﺎۤﺳﺲ.
ﻭﻫﺎﳌﺴﺒﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻦّ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﰲ ﲢﺠﲑﺗﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻻ ﻓﻮﻗﻮٓ ﻭﻻ ﲢﺘﻮٓ) :ﻓﻘﲑ(.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺿﻼﻋﻬﺎ ،ﲪﻼً ﳍﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﳊﺠـﺮ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺧﻨﺪﻗﻬﺎ.
ﺍﳌﻀﻠّﻊ. ﺗَﺤّٔﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲢّﺖ ﻟﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻗﺪّﻡ ﻟﻪ ﰲ
ﺗْﺤﺪﱠﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﺪّﺍﻩ :ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻩ ﻭﻏﺎﻟﺒﻪ ،ﻧﺎﺯﻋـﻪ ﺍﳋﻔﺎﺀ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻣﻦ ﲢﺖ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻓﻌﻼً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
ﺍﻟﻐَﻠَﺒَﺔ. ﺗَﺤْﺖ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺪﱢﻱ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺳﺒّﻮ ﻭﲢّﺖ ﻟﻮ )ﺃﻱ :ﺃﺷـﺎﺭ
ﺇﱃ ﲢﺖ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻛُﻞْ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﺎ(.
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))ﺷﺮﻃﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﱢﻱ((. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗﺘﺤﺪﱠﻯ ﻛـﺘﲑ ﻣﺘﻠَـﻚ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲢﺮﱢﻱ. ﻋﺪﱠﻯ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﲢﺮّﻯ ﻋـﻦ ﺗْﺤﺪﱠﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤـﺪّﺏ ﺍﻟﻈﻬـﺮُ :ﺃﺻـﺎﺑﻪ
ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻔﻴﻠﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺷـﺎﻑ ،ﺧﻄـﺄ، ﺍﳊَﺪَﺏ.
ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺪﱠﻯ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻪ ﺑـ ))ﻋﻦ((. ﺗْﺤَﺪﱠﺙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﺪﱠﺙ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﻋﻨﻪ :ﺗﻜﻠﻢ
ﺗْﺤٔﺮّٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺮّﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺣﺮّﺍً. ﻭﺃﺧﱪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺣﺪّﺙ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺗْﺤـﺮّﺭﺕ ﺳـﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤَﺪﱡﺙ.
ﻭﻏﲑﺍ ،ﻭﻋﺠﺐ ﺻﻌﻲ ﲢﺮّﺭﺕ. ﺗْﺤﺪﱠﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪّﺩ ﺍﻟـﺪﺍﺭ
ﺗْﺤٔﺮّٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮّﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔَ: )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻞ ﳍﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﺍً.
ﻗﻮّﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺻﻠﺢ ﺳﻘﻄﻬﺎ ،ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻭﻓﻬﺎ. ﺗْﺤﺪﱠﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﱠﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﲔ
ﺗْﺤٔﺮّٔﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺮﱠﺯ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺗﻮﻗّﺎﻩ ،ﺟﻌﻞ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺭﻗّﻖ ﺣﺪّﻫﺎ.
ﰲ ﺣﺮﺯ ﻣﻨﻪ. ﺗْﺤﺪﱠﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳊﺪﻳـﺪ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺮﱡﺯ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺭُﻛّﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ.
ﺗْﺤٔﺮّٔﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤَﺮﱠﺱ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺗَﺤﻔﱠﻆ ﻭﺗَﻮﻗّﻰ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳊﻮﺵ ﺍﻧﺒﻨـﺖ ﻭﲢـﺪﺩﺕ
ﺗْﺤٔﺮّٔﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤَﺮﱠﺵ ﺑﻪ :ﺗﻌﺮّﺽ ﻟﻪ ،ﺗَﺼﺪﱠﻯ ﺷﺒﺎﺑﻴﻜﺎ ﻭﺗﻨﺠّﺮﺕ ﻭﺗﺰﺭﻗﺖ ﻭﺗﺒﻠّﻄﺖ ،ﲢﺪّﺩ ﺣﺼﺎﱐ.
ﻟﻴﺜﲑﻩ. ﺗْﺤﺬّٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﺬﱠﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺣﺬﺭﻩ ،ﺗﻮﻗّﺎﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺮﱡﺵ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺣُﺬﱢﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﺃﻱ ﺣﺬّﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ
ﺗْﺤٔﺮّٔﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﺣﺮّﺿﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺤٔﺬْﻟﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﺗْﺤٔﺮﻃٔﻢ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﲢﻄﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗَﺤَﺬﻟﻖ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﺣِﺬﻗﻪ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺎﻟﻼﻡ ﺯﺍﺋـﺪﺓ ،ﺍﺩّﻋـﻰ
ﺗْﺤٔﺮّٔﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤَﺮّﻑ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﳓﺮﻑ :ﻣـﺎﻝ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﳑﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ.
ﻭﻋﺪﻝ ﺇﱃ ﺣَﺮْﻑ ﺃﻱ :ﺇﱃ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ .ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺤﺬﻟﻖ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﲝﺬﻟﻘﺘﻮ ﻭﻧﻔﺸـﻮ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﺗﻐﻴﲑ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ. ﻟَﺤﺎﻟﻮ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﻐﻄّﻲ ﺟﻬﻠﻲ ﲟﻠﺤﻔﺔ ﺧﺮّﺍﻃﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﲢﺮّﻑ ﻛﻼﻣﻲ. ﺗْﺤﺮّٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﺮّﻯ:
ﺗْﺤٔﺮّٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺮﱠﻕ :ﺣﺮﻗﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ،ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻕ. ﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺣﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﰲ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﻈـﻦ ،ﺃﻭ
ﻃﻠﺐ ﺃﺣﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻭﻻﳘﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﻗﺼـﺪﻩ
ﻭﻓﻀّﻠﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺼﻴﺎً ،ﺗﻌﻤّﺪ ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻨـﻪ
ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﻬﻢ:
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ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻳﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ. ﺗْﺤٔﺮْﻗٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻗﺺ.
ﺗْﺤَﺰﱠﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺰّﺏ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ :ﲡﻤﻌـﻮﺍ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺻﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﺃﺣﺰﺍﺑﺎً .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺣﺰﺏ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺴـﺘﻨﺎﻩ ﻭﻫـﻮّۤﻩ ﻋـﻢ
ﺗْﺤﺰﱠﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺰّﺭﻩ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺑﺘﺤﺮﻗﺺ ،ﻟﻴﺶ؟ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠّﺔ ﻋﻘﻠﻮ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻗﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋـﺮﻑ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺣَﺰَﺭﻩ :ﻗَﺪﱠﺭﻩ ﺑﺎﳊَﺪْﺱ. ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺤﺮﻗﺺ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻲ.
ﺗْﺤﺰﱠﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺰّﺯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗَﻘَﻄّﻊ. ﺗْﺤٔﺮّٔﻙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺮّﻙ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺣﺮّﻛﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺣﺰﺯ ﻭﺍﳊﺰ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺮﱡﻙ.
ﺗْﺤﺰّٔﻕ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲢﺰّﻗۤﺖ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺍﻟﺸـﻐﻠۤﺔ ،ﻣـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﲢﺮّﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳﻦ ،ﺍﳌﻮﺗﻮﺭ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺒﱡﻮﺭ،
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤَﺰّﻕ :ﺗﻘﺒّﺾ ﻭﲡﻤّﻊ. ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ ،ﻭﲢﺮّﻛﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﻮﺍﻱ...
ﺗْﺤﺰّﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺰﱠﻡ :ﺷﺪّ ﻭﺳﻄﻪ ﲝﺰﺍﻡ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻟﺒﲔ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺣَﻨّﺔ ﺑﺘﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﺘَﺤﺰﻭﺭﺓ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣـﺰَﺭَ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ ﺳﻜﺮّﺕ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﳉﻨّﺔ ،ﻟﺒﲔ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺴْﻤﻴﻨۤﺔ ﺑﺘﻜﻮﻥ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺪّﺭﻩ ﺑﺎﳊَﺪْﺱ ﻭﲬّﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺃﺭﺍﺩﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺰﻭﺭﺓ: ﺳﻜﺮّﺕ ﺍﳌْﺪﻳﻨۤﺔ.
ﻣﺎ ﻳﻄﺮﺡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺫﻫﺎﻥ ﻟﺘﻘﺪّﺭﻩ ﺑﺎﳊﺪﺱ ﻭﺗﺪﺭﻛﻪ. ﺗْﺤﺮّٔﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺮﱠﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺣَﺮُﻡ.
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ :ﺍﳊﺰّﻭﺭﺓ. ﺗْﺤﺮﻭٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻭﻕ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ.
ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﳛﺰّﺭﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺣٕـﺰْﺭٔﻙ
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﱢﻱ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﲢﺮّﻯ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻭ]ﻣـﻦ
ﻣٕﺰْﺭٔﻙ ﺿﺮﺑﻚ ﻓﺰﺭﻙ ﻗﺐّ ﺟﻼۤﻟﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺴﻜﲔ!
ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺷﺮﻃﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﱢﻱ :ﺷـﺮﻃﺔ ﺳـﺮﻳّﺔ
ﺗْﺤٔﺴّﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺤﺴﱠﺐ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻛﻮ ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣـﻦ
ﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋﻢ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟـﺔ ﺍﻻﻃـﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ،
ﺃﻭﻻﺩ ﻋْﻜﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗْﺤﺴﱠﺐ ﻟﻮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ))ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺣﺚ(( ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﺗَﺤﺴﱠﺐ :ﺗﻮﻗّﻰ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﺤﺮﻳﺮ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺣﺮﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺤٔﺴّﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺴّﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺗَﻠﻬّﻒ ،ﺣﺰﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺣﺮﺭﺕ ﺍﻠﺔ،
ﺗْﺤٔﺴّﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺴّﺲ :ﺗﺴﻤّﻊ ﻭﺗﺒﺼّـﺮ،
ﻭﻭﺻﻠﲏ ﲢﺮﻳﺮﻛﻢ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺧﻄﺄ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺦ
ﺍﳋﱪَ :ﺳﻌﻰ ﰲ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻛﻪ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺗﻌﺮّﻓﻪ ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺳّﺔ ،ﻣﻨﻪ:
ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ ،ﻷﻥ ﲢﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣـﺎ ﰲ
ﲣﺒّﺮ ﺧﱪﻩ.
ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ – ﺗﻘﻮﳝﻪ ﻭﲣﻠﻴﺼﻪ :ﺑﺈﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﺮﻭﻓـﻪ ﻭﲢﺴـﻴﻨﻪ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲢﺴﱡﺲ.
ﺑﺈﺻﻼﺡ ﺳﻘﻄﻪ.
ﲢﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ] :ﻣـﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍــﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜــﺔ[:
ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻟﺒـﺔ ﲟﺴﺎﻭﺍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻘـﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴـﺔ
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ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲢﺼﱡﻦ. ﺗْﺤٔﺴّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤَﺴّﻦ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺣﺴﻨﺎً ،ﺑﻜﺬﺍ:
ﺍﻟﺘَﺤﺼﻴﻞ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺣﺼّـﻞ ،ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﻟـﺪﻯ ﺗَﺰﻳّﻦ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲢﺼﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻠـﻢ .ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﲢﺼـﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺴﲔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺣﺴّﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺯﻳّﻨﻪ.
ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻧﻴﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺪ. ﺳﺘﺤﺴﲔ ﺍﻟﻨَﺴﻞ :ﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺭﻓـﻊ
ﺗْﺤﻀّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻀﱠﺮ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺣﺎﺿﺮﺍً، ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺟﺴﻤﻴﺎً ﻭﻋﻘﻠﻴﺎً.
ﺿﺪّ ﻏﺎﺏ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻴّﺄ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﺪّ. ﺗْﺤﺸّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺸّﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﲢﻀّﺮ ﺃﺧﻮﻱ ﻟﻠﺴﻔﺮ :ﻭﺿّﺐ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺣﺸَﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺟﻨﺘﺎﻳﺎﺗﻮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺧﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ. ﻣﻸﻫﺎ ﻗﻄﻨﺎً ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺘﺤﻀّـﺮ ﺃﻡ ﺭﺯّﻭﻕ ﺇﻻ ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘٕﺤﺸﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘٕﺤﺸﺎﻳۤﺔ.
ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﻔّﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ. ﺗْﺤﺸّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ،ﻳﻘﻮﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ:
ﺗْﺤﻀّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻀّـﺮ ﺍﻟﺒـﺪﻭﻱّ :ﺳـﻜﻦ ﺗﺄﺩﺏ.
ﺍﳊﻀﺮ ،ﺃﺧﺬ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳊﻀﺮ. ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤَﺸﱠﻢ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳊﺸـﻤﺔ،
ﲢﻀﲑ ﺍﻷﺭﻭﺍﺡ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻣﻨﺎﺟﺎﺓ ﺍﻷﺭﻭﺍﺡ. ﻭﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊَﺴَﺐ.
ﺗْﺤﻄّٔﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺤﻄّﻰ ﻭﺗْﻤﻄّﻰ ،ﺃﺻـﻠﻪ :ﺃﻥ ﺗْﺤﺸﱠﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺸّﻚ.
ﻃﻮﻟﺐ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺘﻤﻄّﻰ ،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻪ :ﺗْﺤﻄّـﻰ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﲤﻄّﻰ ،ﻓﺼﺎﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﳌﺜﻞ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ))ﲢﻄّـﻰ(( ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﺤﺸﻜﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺸﻜﻞ.
ﻭﺯﻥ ))ﲤﻄّﻰ(( ﻟﻠﻤﺰﺍﻭﺟﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ :ﺣﻂ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺤٔﻄﺤٔﻂ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﲢﻄّﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔـﻊ. ﺗْﺤﺸّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﺸّﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻴﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲢﻄﻂ. ﺗْﺤٔﺼّٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻊ ،ﻣـﻦ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﺑﲏ ﻋـﻢ ﺑـﺘﺤﻄﺤﻂ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺍﺳﺘُﺨﻠﺺ.
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲢَﺼﱡﻞ.
ﺗْﺤٔﻄّٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻄّﻂ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺍﻟﺘَﺤﺼﻠﺪﺍﺭ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ :ﲢﺼـﻴﻠﺪﺍﺭ :ﻣـﻦ
ﻣﻦ ﺣﻂّ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺣﻂّ ﺛﻘﻞ ﻏﻀﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ))ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻞ(( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭ))ﺩﺍﺭ(( :ﺍﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺗﺪﻝ
ﺗْﺤﻄّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻄّﻢ :ﺗَﻜﺴّﺮ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﻣﺎﻟﻜﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﲟﻌﲎ ))ﺫﻭ((
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ﺗْﺤﻘّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻘّﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺗُﺤَﻒ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺣﺴﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ،ﺟﻴّﺪ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺤَﻒ :ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻔـﺔ:
ﺗْﺤﻘّٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤَﻘّﻖ ﺍﳋﱪُ :ﺛﺒـﺖ ﻭﺻـﺢﱠ، ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﲔ ،ﺍﳍﺪﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻭﺻﻔﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ ﺬﺍ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﺗﻴﻘّﻨﻪ ،ﻋﺮﻑ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻪ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ: ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺃﺳﻮﺓ ﺑﺎﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺮﺍﺏ ﳊﺴﻦ
ﺗﺄﻛﺪ. ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺤﺪﺛﻮﻥ ﻋﻨﻪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻫﻢ :ﲢﻔﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻘﱡﻖ. ﺗْﺤﻔّﻰ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺣﺘﻔﻰ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﻧﺘﻌﻞ ،ﻣﺸﻰ
ﺗْﺤﻜّﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﺎۤﻳۤﻒ ﺣﺎﻟﻮٓ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺤﻜّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺣﺎﻓﻴﺎً.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜّﻰ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣـﻦ ﺣﻜـﻰ ﺗْﺤﻔّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﻔّﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻞُ :ﺍﲣـﺬ ﺣُﻔَـﺮﺍً ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﲢﻔّﺮﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ :ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﺎﻱ. ﻻﺯﻣﺔً ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﺗْﺤﻜّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﻜّﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻜﺮﻩ :ﲨﻌﻪ ﺗْﺤﻔّﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤَﻔّﺰ:
ﻭﺍﺣﺘﺒﺴﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭﺍً ﻟﻐﻼﺋﻪ ﻟﻴﺒﻴﻌﻪ ﺑﺄﻏﻠﻰ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻴّﺄ ﻟﻠﻮﺛﻮﺏ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻴﺆ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً.
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻻﺯﻣﺔ :ﲢﻜّﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ،ﻭﲢﻜﺮﺕ ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ. ﺗْﺤﻔّٔﺾ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲢﻔّﺾ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻟـﻒ
ﻭﳌّﺎ ﺑﱰﻝ ﺍﳌﻄﺮ ﺑﺼﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ :ﻫﺮﱢﻱ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﲟﺸﻤﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﺌﻼ ﺗﺘﺴﺮﺏ ﻣﺎﺩﺗـﺎ ﺍﻟـﱪﻭﺯ ﺇﱃ
ﻗﻠﻮﺑﻦ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪ :ﺍﻧﺰﱄ ﺣﺴﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﶈﺘﻜﺮﻳﻦ. ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺤﻔﻆ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺯ.
ﺗْﺤﻜّﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻜّﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﺣﺘﻚّ ﺑﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺎﺋﺐ
ﺗْﺤﻜّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻜّﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺣﻜﻢ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻷﻧﻮ ﻛﻠّﻦ ﳏﻔّﻀﲔ ﺑﺎﳌﺼﺤﻒ ﻧﻌﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ.
ﻭﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﺮﺃﻳﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﺪﻱ ﻭﺟﻬﺎً ﻟﻠﺤﻜﻢ ،ﺗﺼـﺮﻑ ﺗْﺤﻔّٔﻆ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻔّﻆ :ﲢﺮّﺯ ،ﺗﻮﻗّﻰ.
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺸﻴﺌﺘﻪ ،ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪّ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳُﻌﺪﻭﻧﻪ ﺑﻔـﻲ ﺗْﺤﻔّٔﻒ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺣﺘﻔّﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ :ﻃﻠﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ﻳُﺤـﻒّ
ﻭﺑﻌﻠﻰ. ﺷﻌﺮ ﻭﺟﻬﻬﺎ ﻧﺘﻔﺎً ﻟﻠﺰﻳﻨﺔ ﲞﻴﻄﲔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻜﱡﻢ. ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﻼﻕ ﳛﻔّﻒ ﺯﺑﻮﻧﺎﺗﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﳋﻴﻂ
ـﻮ
]ﻣـﻦ ﻜﻤـﺎﻢ[ :ﺑْﺮﻳـﺪ ﻳـﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻭﻟـ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻓﻴﻘﻠﻊ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻛﺮﺍﺳﻲ ﺍﳋﺪﻭﺩ ﻭﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﻧـﲔ
ﻋﺎﳉﻴﺠﺎﺕ. ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺘﻄﺮﻓﺔ.
ﺗْﺤﻜﻮٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻮﺵ. ﺗٕﺤﻔۤﻪ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺮﺍﺏ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲢﻒ.
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ﺗْﺤﻤّﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻤّﺲ :ﻫـﺎﺝ ،ﻏﻀـﺐ، ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﲢﻜﻮﻙ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ
ﺗﺸﺪّﺩ ،ﺃﺧﺬﺗﻪ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺳﺔ. ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻣﻨﻚ ﺇﳌﺎﻋﺎً ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥّ ﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﻛﺎﻟﻀﺮﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﻧﺎﺱ ﲢﻤّﺴـﻮﺍ ﻟﺸـﻲ ﺍﳉﺴﺪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺟﺴﺪﻭ ﻋﻢ ﲝﻜّﻮﺍ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﲢﻤّﺴﻮﺍ ﻭﲢﻤّﺴﻮﺍ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﻃﻠﻊ ﻫﺎﻟﺸﻲ ﻓٕﺶّ. ﲝﺎﺟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ ﺪﺋﺔ ﳊﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻩ(.
ﺗْﺤﻤّٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﲪّـﺺ ﺗْﺤَﻠّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻠّﻰ :ﺗﺰﻳﻦ.
ﺍﳊﺐّ :ﺣَﻤّﺴﻪ ،ﻗﻼﻩ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲪﺺ. ﺗْﺤَﻠّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣَﻠّـﻰ
ﺗْﺤﻤّٔﺾ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﻤّـﺾ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﻛـﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺣﻠﻮﺍً.
ﺣﺎﻣﻀﺎً ،ﻭﻟﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺑﻪ :ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎﻩ. ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻼﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻼﻳﺔ.
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍٕﺗْﺤﻤَـﺖ :ﺍﻏﺘـﺎﻅ ﲢﻠﺤﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲢﻠﺤﻞ ﺟﺴـﻤﻲ ﻣﺎﻟﺘﻌـﺐ،
ﻭﻏﻀﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲢﻤﻰ. ﻗﺪﻭﻣﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈـﺮ : ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺤﻠّﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮُ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﻞ :ﺍﻋﺘﻞّ ﺑﻌﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﲢﻤّﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﻢ ،ﻓـﻼﻥ ﻋـﻢ ﺣﻠﺤﻞ .
ﺑﺘﺤﻤﺾ ﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺘﻠﺔ. ﺗْﺤﻠّﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣَﻠّﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺗْﺤﻤّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﻤّﻠﻪ :ﲪﻠﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﺍﺣﺘﻤﻠﻪ، ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺣﻼﻻً.
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﲡﻠّﺪ. ﺗْﺤﻠّﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠّﻞ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﺪ :ﺃﺫﺍﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻤﱡﻞ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻞّ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﺪَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺫﺍﺑﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺣﻠﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺤﻤّـﻞ ﻣﺴـﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺗْﺤﻠﻮﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫـﺎ
ﻫﺎﻟﻌﻤﻞ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺤﻤّﻞ ﻣٕﻨﱢﻴﺖ ﺣـﺪﺍ ،ﺑـﺪﻙ ﺗﺘﺤﻤّـﻞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﻖ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺯﺍﻝ ﺷﻌﺮﻩ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺣﻠﻖ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ.
ﻣﻀﺾ ﻫﺎﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ. ﺗْﺤﻤّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣَﻤّـﻰ
ﺗْﺤﻤّﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳊﻤّـﺎﻡ، ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺣَﻤِﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﺭ :ﺍﺷﺘﺪﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻪ.
ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻢّ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﲢﻤﻢ ﻓﺒﻤﻌﲎ ﺍﺳﻮﺩّ. ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍٕﺗْﺤﻤـﺖ :ﺍﻏﺘـﺎﻅ
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺰﻳّﻦ ﺑـﻪ ﺣﻮﺍﺷـﻲ ﻭﻏﻀﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲢﻤﺾ.
ﺍﳊﻄﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺎﺩﻳﻞ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺻـﻐﲑﺓ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗْﺤﻤّﻰ ﲢﻤّﻰ ﻭﺿﺮﺏ.
ﺗﺘﺪﻟّﻰ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﲢﻤّﻰ ﲢﻤّﻰ ﻭﺣﻜﻰ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻠۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻴﻠﺔ ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻘﺘﻀﻰ ﺗْﺤﻤّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲪّﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ
ﻃﱯ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺳﺖ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝ ،ﻛﺄـﺎ ﲢﻤـﻞ ﺍﻵﻻﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ.
ﻭﺗﺴﻜّﻨﻬﺎ. ﻼ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﺤٔﻤْﺮٔﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻓﻌـ ً
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻠۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ ﺍﳊﻤﺮﻧﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﺎﺫ :ﲢﻨّﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺰﻑ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺁﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺏ ﻳﺘﺨﻠﻠﻪ ﻋﺰﻑ ﻣﻨﻔﺮﺩ.
ﺗْﺤﻮّٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮّﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺗَﺤْﻦ ﺗَﺤْﻦ :ﺃﺻﻮﺍﺕ ﻳﺮﺳﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﻤﻴۤﻤﺎﰐ ﻟﻄﻴـﻮﺭﻩ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺭﺟﻌﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﲢﻮّﺭ ﳌﻌﲎ ﲢﻮّﻝ. ﻟﺘﱰﻝ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺟﺎﺝ ﻳﺼﻴﺢ :ﺗَﻌْـﻦ ﺗَﻌْـﻦ
ﺗْﺤﻮٓﺭٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫـﺎ ))ﺗﻌـﺎﻝَ(( ﻟﺘﻘﺒﻞ ،ﻭﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ))ﺗﻌﺎ(( ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺰﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﺷﻌﻠﻪ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲢﻰ ﻭﺗﻌﻦ ﺗﻌﻦ.
ﺗْﺤﻮّٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮّﺵ. ﺗْﺤٔ ﻨّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﻨّﺄ ﺑﺎﳊﻨّﺎﺀ :ﲣﻀّﺐ ﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :
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ﺗٔﺦّ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻚْ ﻭﺃَﺗۤﻚ )ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺨﺔ ﺗْﺤﻴّﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣـﺎﺩ ﻋـﻦ
ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺧﺎﺀ( :ﺿﺮّ ،ﺁﺫﻯ ،ﺧﺴّـﺮ ،ﺃﻧﻘـﺺ، ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺎﻝ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﻋﺪﻝ.
ﻋﺎﺏ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺗﺄﻛّﻞ ﻭﺑَﻠِﻲ. ﺗْﺤﻴّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻴّﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ :ﺣﺎﺭ ،ﺗﺮﺩّﺩ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻻ
ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘـﺎۤﺧﺦ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧـﺚ: ﻳﺪﺭﻱ ﻛﻴﻒ ﳚﺮﻱ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﺟﻬﻞ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﺍﺏ،
ﺍﻟﺘﺎۤﺧﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻠﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺒﻬﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺨّﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ :ﺍﻟﺘَﺨّﺎﻧﺔ. ﺿﻞّ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻬﺘﺪِ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲣﺎﻥ ﻭﲣﺘﺦ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻴﱡﺮ.
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﱐ ﺗﺦّ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻹﺻﺒﻊ ﻭﺛﺎﺧﺖ ﺗْﺤﻴّﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲢﻴّﺰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﳓﺼﺮ ﰲ ﻣﻜـﺎﻥ
ﻭﺳﺎﺧﺖ :ﻏﺎﺑﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﺮﺧﻮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﻡ ،ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ،ﻋﻨﻪ :ﺗﻨﺤّﻰ ﻭﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩ.
ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺦّ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﲔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺧﻰ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲢﻴﱡﺰ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺑﻮﻱ ﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻨﺘﲔ ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﺤﻴّﺰ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﻮ ﺃﻭ ﻟﺒﻠـﺪﻭ
ﻫﻠّﻖ ﺗﺦّ ﻭﺑٕﻠِﻲ ،ﺍﳋﺸﺒﺔ ﲣّﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﺎﻷﻳّﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﺎﱄ. ﺃﻭ ﳊﺎﺭﺗﻮ ﺃﻭ ﳊﺰﺑﻮ....
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺣﻜﺎۤﻳﺘﻮ ﻓﺎﺿْﻴﺔ ﻭﲣّﺎﻧﺔ. ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﳒﻴﺐ ﺳﺮﺍﺝ ﻳﺴﻤﻲ ﻫﺎﻟﺘﺤﻴّﺰ ﲢﻴﺰ
ﺗْﺨﺎﺑَﺚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲣﺎﺑَﺚ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﳋﺒﺚ ﻭﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺏ ،ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺏ ﻳﻬﺎﲨﻮﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﺻﻠﺔ ﳍـﺎ
ﺑﻪ. ﺑﻪ.
ﺗْﺨﺎﺑٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﺑﺮ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺗْﺤﻴّﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺵ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﻴّۤﻚ ،:ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﺎ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﱪ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﺮﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ؟ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﺴﺠﻪ ،ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻗﺎﻝ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﺩﺗﻪ – :ﲣﺎﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﰲ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﻛﺔ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً.
ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﺎﻥ :ﺧﺒّﺮ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ. ﺗْﺤَﻴّﻞ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺣﺘﺎﻝ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﳊﻴﻠﺔ ،ﻋﻤﻞ
ﺗْﺨﺎﺑٔﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫَـﺪﻭٓﻝ ﻭﺳَـﺨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻠـﻲ ﺍﳊﻴﻠﺔ.
ﺑﻜﺸﻔٓﻦ – ﻳﺎ ﺳﻴﺪﻱ! – ﻣﻨﻮ؟ :ﺍﻟﻌٔﺮٔﻕ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﺗْﺤﻴّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻴّﻦ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻏﻔﻠﺔ :ﺗﺮﺻّﺪ ﺣِﻴﻨﻬﺎ،
ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺍ ﻭﺳﺒّﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﻀﻦ ﻭﲣـﺎﺑﻄﻮﺍ ،ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ :ﲣﺒّﻄـﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ﰲ ﺣﻴﻨﻪ ،ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺮ ﻭﻗﺘﻪ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍً. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑَﺘﺤﻴّﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺃﺷـﻮﻓﻚ
ﺗْﺨﺎﺫﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﺎﺫﻟﻮﺍ:ﺧﺬﻝ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﻭﺣﺪﻙ ﻭﺃﺣﻜﻲ ﻟﻚ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﺎﺫُﻝ. ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴّۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺤﻴّﺖ ﻭﺗَﺤﻴّﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ :ﺱ ١٢ﻋﺪﺩ ٦۰٩ﺹ :١۰.ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺎﻳﺎ.
ﺗْﺤﻴۤﻮٔﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔۤﻴﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊَﻴَـﻮﺍﻥ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺗﺸﺒّﻪ ﺑﻪ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ.
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ﺗْﺨﺎﻭٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﺎﻭﻳﺎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ ﺗْﺨﺎﺷَﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﺎﺷَﻦ :ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﳋﺸـﻮﻧﺔ،
ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﺧﺎً ﻟﻶﺧﺮ. ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺧﺸﻨﺎً ،ﺑﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﻨـﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﲣﺎﻭﻳﻨﺎ –ﺑﻨﻮﺭ ﺍﷲ– ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺧﺸﻨﺔ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﲑ ﺯﻣﺰﻡ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻞ ﻭﺻﺎﺣﺒﻮ ﲣـﺎﻭﻭﺍ ﺗْﺨﺎﺻٔﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﺎﺻﻢ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ :ﺗَﻨـﺎﺯﻋﻮﺍ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻼۤﺏ )ﺟﺮﻥ ﺻﻐﲑ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳚﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻭﲡﺎﺩﻟﻮﺍ.
ﻋﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﻟﺘﺸﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺏ(. ﺗْﺨﺎﻃٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﺎﻃﺒﻮﺍ :ﺗﻜﺎﳌﻮﺍ.
ﺗْﺨٔﺎٔﻭﺯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﻭﺯ. ﺗْﺨﺎﻃٔﻒ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺨَﻄّﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺳﺘﻠﺒﻪ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺃﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻄﻔﻪ :ﺃﺧﺬﻩ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ .ﻭﻧﺒﻪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺩ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻧﻪ ﱂ
ﺗْﺨٔﺒّﺎ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺄ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺮ .ﻭﻣﺼـﺪﺭﻩ ﻳﺮﺩ ﺗَﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﻒ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘٕﺨﺒﺎۤﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘٕﺨﺒﺎۤﻳۤﺔ. ﺗْﺨﺎﻟٔﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﺎﻟﺼﻮﺍ :ﺗَﺼﺎﻓﻮﺍ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻭﰲ ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ :ﺗْﺨﺒّﻊ :ﲣَﺒّﺎ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺧﻠﺺ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻭﺃـﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﻕّ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﱠـﺔ ﺍﻟﺼـﺒﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺧﻠﺺ.
ﺑﺘﺘﺨﺒّﺎ ،ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻡ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﻳﺎ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻡ. ﺗْﺨﺎﻟٔﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲣَﺎﻟﻄﻮﺍ :ﺍﺷﺘﺒﻜﻮﺍ.
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺨﺒﺎۤﻱ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺒﺎﻳﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺗْﺨﺒّﺎ –ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ،ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺗْﺨﺎﻟَﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲣﺎﻟﻔﻮﺍ :ﺿﺪّ ﺍﺗّﻔﻘﻮﺍ.
ﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺘﺎﺭ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﳌﺨﺒﺄ. ﺍﻟﺘَﺨّﺎﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻼﻥ ﻟﻠﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺦّ.
–ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ –
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ﺧﺜّﺮ ﺍﻟﺰُﺑْﺪَ :ﺗﺮﻛﻪ ﺧﺎﺛﺮﺍً :ﱂ ﻳﺬﺑﻪ. ﺗْﺨﺒﱠﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺒّﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً
ﺗْﺨٔﺘّﺮ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺗْﺨﺘْﲑ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﻦ ﺧﺒﻠﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻓﺴﺪ ﻋﻘﻠﻪ.
ﺗَﺨْﺘٕﺮْﻭﺍﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﲣﺖ(( :ﺳﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻨـﻮﻡ، ﺍﻟﺘَﺨﺖ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺑﻴﻠﻴﺎ ﺍﳋﺸﺒﻴﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺳﻲ ،ﻭ))ﺭَﻭَﻧْﺪَﻩ(( )ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﭬـﺎﺀ( :ﺍﳌﺎﺷـﻲ، ﰲ ﺑﺮّﺍﱐ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﲢﻔﻆ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺷﻒ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﻚ ،ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩّﻯ :ﺍﳌﻬﺠﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻴّﺎﺭ ،ﲰﻮﺍ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻟﺘَﺨﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺮ ﳚﻠﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ،
ﺍﶈْﻤﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳍﻮﺩﺝ ﺃﻭ ﺍ َﶈﻔّﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷـﻜﻞ ﺑﻴـﺖ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺵ ،ﲣﺖ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﻋﺎﺻﻤﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮﺗﻔـﻊ ﻣﻌـﺪّ
ﻣﻘﻌﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻼﻥ ،ﻟﻪ ﻧﻮﺍﻓﺬ ﺗﻐﻄﻰ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﳊﺮﻳـﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻠﺠﻠﻮﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ،ﺳﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ .ﺩﺧﻠـﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﰲ
ﺍﳉﻮﺥ ،ﳛﻤﻠﻪ ﺣﺼﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﲨﻼﻥ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣـﺎﻡ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﻤﺎﻟﻴﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻠﻒ ﻳﺴﲑﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﺎﺭ .ﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ))ﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻷﻋﺸﻰ(( :ﺟ ۲ﺹ.١٢٦
ﰲ ))ﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻷﻋﺸﻰ((.ﺟ ۲ﺹ.١٣۰ ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺬﺧﺎﺋﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻒ((.
ﺗْﺨﺘّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﺘّﻢ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﲣﺘّﻢ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﳋﺎﺗَﻢَ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﻭﺑﻪ :ﺃﺩﺧﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺇﺻﺒﻌﻪ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻮﺕ.
ﺗَﺨْﺘَﻪ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲣﺘﻪ ﭘـﺎﭘﻮﺝ :ﺣـﺬﺍﺀ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﳌـﺎﺯﱐ ﰲ ﻣﻘﺎﻟـﻪ:
ﺧﻔﻴﻒ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ)) :ﺗَﺨْﺘَﻪ(( :ﺍﻟﻠـﻮﺡ ﺍﳋﺸـﱯ، ))ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴّﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ(( ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻧﺸﺮﻩ ﰲ ﺍﳍـﻼﻝ ﺱ٥٣
ﻭ))ﭘﺎ(( :ﺍﻟﺮِﺟﻞ ،ﺍﻟﻘَﺪَﻡ ،ﻭ))ﺑﻮﺵ(( :ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺱ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﻯ: ﺹ :۲٣ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺖ ﻟﻠﺴﺮﻳﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺷـﺎﺋﻊ
ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺑﺮ ﰲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺷﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﲎ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﺕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﺎﺑﻮﺝ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻧﺼﺐ ﲣﺖ ﺭﻣﻞ.
ﺗْﺨٔﺘْﻴٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺘﲑ ﺍﻟـﱵ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻮﺕ ﻣﺎﻟٓﻦ ﲣـﻮﺕ،
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ. ﻏﻴّﺮﰐ ﲣﺘﻚ ﻏﻴّﺮﰐ ﲞﺘﻚ؟.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ ﲣﺘّﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﲣﺖ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﺎﺀ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺗﺴـﻤﻰ
ﺗْﺨٔﺠّﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺧﺠّﻠـﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻬﺎ :ﲣﺖ ﻋﺒﺪﻭ ﺍﳊﻤـﻮﱄ ،ﺗﺘـﺄﻟﻒ ﻣـﻦ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﳜﺠﻞ. ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻬﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻭﻣـﻦ ﺩﺭﺑﻜّـﺎﰐ
ﺗْﺨٔﺪّٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧَﺪِﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮُ ﻭﺭﻗّﺎﻕ ﻭﻋﻮّﺍﺩ ﻭﻗﺎﻧﻮﳒﻲ ﻭﻧﺎﻳﺎﰐ ﻭﻛﻤﻨﺠﺎﰐ ،ﻫﻜـﺬﺍ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺻﻠﺒﻪ ﻧﻘﺺ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺭ. ﻛﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ
ﺗْﺨٔﺪﱠﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺪّﺵ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻨﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻐـﺮﺏ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺧﺪﺷﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲬﺸﻪ. ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ – ﻛﻤـﺎ
ﺗﻘﺪﻡ – :ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﻣﻌﺪّ ﻟﻠﺠﻠﻮﺱ.
ﺗٔﺨْﺘٔﺦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺗَﺦّ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺨٔﺘّﺮ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
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ﺍﻧﻔﺼﻢ ،ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ ﺍﻧﻘﻄـﻊ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﺑﻔـﻦ: ﺗْﺨٔﺪﱠﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺪّﻋﻮٓ ﺑﺎﷲ.
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺮّﻣﻪ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺃﺣﺪﺙ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺛﻘﻮﺑﺎً ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﰲ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺘﺮ ﻟﻴﺴـﻬﻞ ﺑﺘـﺮ ﺗْﺨٔﺮّٔﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲣﺮﺑﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭُ :ﺪّﻣﺖ.
ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ. ﺗْﺨٔﺮْﺑٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺮﺑﻂ.
ﺗْﺨٔﺮﻣﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺮﻣﺶ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺨﺮّٔﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﺮّﺝ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺧﺮّﺝ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ:
ﺗْﺨٔﺮﻭٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺮﻭﻕ. ﺑﻴّﻦ ﳍﺎ ﻭﺟﻬﺎً ،ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪَ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ :ﺩﺭّﺑﻪ ﻭﻋﻠّﻤﻪ ﻭﺃﺩّﺑـﻪ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﻓﻌﻮﻝ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞَ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺿﺮﻭﺑﺎً ﻭﺃﻟﻮﺍﻧﺎً ﳜﺎﻟﻒ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﻀـﺎً،
ﺍﻟﺘَﺨﺮﻳﻘﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﺃﺱ ﻧﺼﻠﺘﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻛﺒّﻮﺩ ﳐﺮّﺝ ،ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﺎﺗﻪ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﺀ
ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﺛﻘﻮﺏ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ﰒ ﲣﺮﻗﻬﺎ ﻭﲤﺸـﻲ ﻓﻘﻂ.
ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﻧﺸﺮﻩ. ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ:
ﺍﻟﺘَﺨﺮﱘ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﻴﺞ ﺫﻱ –١ﻃﺮﺡ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻲﺀ ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﲣـﺮّﺝ
ﺛﻘﻮﺏ ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﻴﺔ. ﻣﺎﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ ﺗﻼﺗﺔ ﺑﻘﻲ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ.
ﺗْﺨٔﺰّٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺰّﻕ ﺍﻟـﱵ –ً ٢ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋﻤـﻞ :ﲣـﺮّﺝ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺧَﺰَﻗﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴّﺔ( :ﻃﻌﻨﻪ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻬ ُﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﲢﺮّﻙ ﻭﺗﺰﻳّﺖ.
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻃﺎﺱَ :ﻧﻔﺬ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﺷـﻲﺀ ﺣـﺎﺩّ ﺭﺯﺯﺗـﻪ ﰲ –ً ٣ﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ :ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺼﻤّۤﺪ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺧﺰﻗﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺗْﺨـﺰّﻕ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺧﺮﺟﻴﺘﻮٓ ﺣﺎﻻً ﺑﺘﺨﺮّﺟﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺘﺨﺮّﺝ ﻓﻴّﺎ.
ﻣُﺰّﻕ. –ً ٤ﺇﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ :ﺃَﺧُـﻮﻱ ﺗْﺨـﺮّﺝ
ﺗْﺨٔﺰّﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺰّﻥ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻮﺭﺑﻮﻥ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺧﺰﻥ ﺍﳌﺎﻝَ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ :ﺃﺣﺮﺯﻩ ،ﻏﻴّﺒﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺟﻮﺯﻱ ﺑﺘﺠﻮّﺯ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻴﺴـﻮ
ﺗٕﺨْﺲ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺨﺴﺄ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻣﻦ ﺧَﺴﺄَ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐَ: ﺑﺘﺨﺮّﺝ ﻫﻮّﺓ ﺑﺘﺒﻬﺪﻝ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺑَﺘﻔﺮﱠﺝ.
ﻃﺮﺩﻩ. ﺗْﺨٔﺮْﺩَﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺮﺩﻉ.
ﻭﻻ ﳎﺎﻝ ﳉﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ))ﺧَـﺲْ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻨَﺬﻝ. ﲣٔﺮّٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺧﺮّﺷـﻪ
ﺗْﺨٔﺴﱠﻊ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺧﺴّﻊ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧﺪﺷﻪ.
ﺗْﺨٔﺴﱠﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺴﱠﻞ. ﺗْﺨٔﺮّٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲣﺮّﻕ :ﺗَﻤﺰّﻕ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺨٔﺮّٔﻡ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﺨـﺮﱠﻡ :ﺗﺸﻘـﻖ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﻳﻮﻩ! ﲣﺴﱠﻞ ﻋﺎﳉﺮﻥ ﻭﺣﺪﻙ.
٢٧٢
]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﲣﺼـﺺ ﻓـﻼﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺿـﻠّۤﺖ ﺗْﺨﺴّۤـﻞ ﺍﻨﻮﻧـﺔ
ﺑﺄﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻐﲑﻫـﺎ ،ﺩﺭﺱ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﻉ ﰲ ﺗَﺨﻠْﺼﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻧﺔ.
ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒّﺎﺩ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﻨّﺔ ﺳﺤﺮﺕ ﲪﺎﺗﺎ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲣﺼﱡﺺ ﻭﻣﺘﺨﺼﱢﺺ. ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ :ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺳﺤﺮﺕ ﻛﻨﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﻔﻚّ ﻫﺎﻟﺴﺤﺮ
ﺗْﺨٔﻀّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻀّﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﲣﺴّﻠﺖ ﺍﳌﺴﺤﻮﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﻴﻂ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﺧﻀﺮّ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻉ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ .ﻭﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺗْﺨٔﺸﱠﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺸّﺐ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﺑﺘﺨﻀّﺮ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻮﻝ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﻛﺎﳋﺸﺐ ﻻ
ﺗْﺨٔﻄّٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲣﻄّﺎﻩ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻭﺯﻩ ،ﺗﻌﺪّﺍﻩ. ﺣﺮﺍﻙ ﺑﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺧﺸﺐ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻨﺤﺘﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣـﺎﻡ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ: ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺫﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺘﺸﻮﻑ ﻛـﺘﲑﻳﻦ ﻣﺸـﻄﺤﲔ
ﲣﻄﻤﻮٓ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣﺮّ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻪ. ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ :ﺃﺧﺪﻥ ﺍﳊـﺎﻝ ﻭﻭﻗﻌـﻮﺍ ﻭﲣﺸّـﺒﻮﺍ ،ﻭﻻ
ﺗْﺨٔﻄّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄّﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺗﺴﺄﻟﻮﱐ :ﺻﻌﻲ ﲣﺸّﺒﻮﺍ ﺇﻻّ ﻷ ،ﻷﱐ ﳌـﺎ ﻛﻨـﺖ ﺃﺭﻭ
ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ ﻟﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻻﺡ ﰲ ﻓﻜﺮﻩ ،ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺎﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﺮﻱ ﻣﻦ ٨ﺇﱃ ١٤ﻣﺎ ﺑَﻮْﻋﻰ ،ﻭﺃﻧـﺎ
ﻧﺴﻴﺎﻥ. ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﻣﺎ ﲣﺸّﺒﺖ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺳﻘﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻳﻌـﲏ :ﺑـﺰﻕ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺨﻄّﺮ. ﻋﺎﻟﺘﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺴﺔ ﻭﺃﻛﻠﺘﺎ ،ﻭﻛﻨﺖ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻔﺘـﺎﺡ ﻗـﱪ
ﺗْﺨٔﻄّٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄّﻂ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ ﻭﻏﲑَﻩ: ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻗﻨﺴﺮﻳﻦ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﲣﺸّﺒﺖ
ﺟﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺧﻄﻮﻃﺎً. ﻻ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻃﻼﺀ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﺴـﻮﺍﺩ ﺸﺨٔﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲣﺸـﺨﺶ ﺍﻟﺴـﻼﺡ ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺨٔ ْ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﳋﻄﺎﻁ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﳊﻠﻲ :ﺳُﻤِﻊ ﻟﻪ ﺻﻮﺕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺻﻄﻜﺎﻛﻪ.
ﺗْﺨٔﻄّٔﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻄّﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺳﺘﻠﺒﻪ. ﺗْﺨٔﺸّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲣﺸّـﻊ :ﺗﻀـﺮّﻉ ،ﺗﻜﻠّـﻒ
ﺗْﺨٔﻄّٔﻢ :ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﲣﻄﻰ ﻭﺃَﻣﺎﻡ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻣﺮّ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻪ. ﺍﳋﺸﻮﻉ.
ﺗْﺨٔﻔّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺮ ﻭﺗﻮﺍﺭَﻯ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﺸﱡﻊ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻔـﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻔﺎﻳـﺔ ﺗْﺨٔﺸّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﺸﱠﻦ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺧﺸﻨﺎً ،ﻟـﺒﺲ
ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺨﺒﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﺒﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﺯﻧﺎً ﻭﻣﻌﲎ. ﺍﳋﺸﻦ ،ﻋﺎﺵ ﻋﻴﺸﺎً ﺧﺸﻨﺎً ،ﺗﻜﻠﻢ ﲞﺸﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ.
ﺗْﺨٔﻔّﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻗﻠـﻊ ﺍﺳـﻨﺎۤﻧﻮ ﻭﲣﻔّﺴۤـﺖ ﺍﻟﺘَﺨﺸﻴﺒﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ،
ﺍﺣﻨـﺎﻛﻮٓ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄـﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ.
ﺗْﺨٔﺼّٔﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﺼّﺺ ﻟﻜﺬﺍ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩ ﻟـﻪ
ﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﻏﲑﻩ.
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ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﲣﻠّﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳊﻀﻮﺭ. ﺧﺴﻔﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ )ﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻔﺴﺖ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺳﻮﺀ
ﺗْﺨٔﻠّٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻠّﻖ ﺑﺄﺧﻼﻕ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺗَﻄﺒّﻊ ﺎ، ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺎﻉ( ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻏﺎﺭﺕ.
ﺗﻜﻠّﻒ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺗْﺨﻠّﻖ ﳌﻌﲎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﲣﻔّۤﺲ ﺍﻟﻔٕﺮْﺵ.
ﻏﻀِﺐ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً. ﺗْﺨٔﻔّٔﺾ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲣﻔّﺾ :ﺍﳔﻔﺾ ،ﺍﳓﻂّ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﲣﻠﱡﻖ. ﺗْﺨٔﻔّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻔّﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺎً،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺵ ﺑﻚ ﻣﺘﺨﻠّۤـﻖ ،ﻭﻟـﻴﺶ ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻃﻠﺒﺎً ﻟﻠﺨِﻔّﺔ.
ﺗﺘﺨﻠّﻖ؟. ﺗْﺨٔﻠّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻠّﻰ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩ ﰲ ﺧﻠﻮﺓ ،ﻣﻨـﻪ
ﺗْﺨٔﻠْﻘٔﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻠﻘﻨﺔ. ﻭﻋﻨﻪ :ﺗﺮﻛﻪ ،ﻟﻪ :ﺗﻔﺮّﻍ ﻟﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﲣﻠّﻰ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻠﻜـﻮ ﻭﻣـﺎﻟﻮ.
ﺗْﺨٔﻠّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻠﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺎﺭَ :ﻣﺸﻰ ﺧِﻼﳍـﺎ، ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻼﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻼﻳﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡَ :ﺩﺧﻞ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ،ﻭﲣﻠﻠﻪ :ﺛﻘﺒﻪ. ﺗْﺨٔﻠّﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﲣﻠّﺪ ﺍﲰﻮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ
ﺗْﺨٔﻠْﻮٔﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺧﻠّﺪﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺧﺎﻟﺪﺍً.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺗْﺨٔﻠّٔﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲣﻠّﺺ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﳒﺎ ،ﺍﻧﻔﺼﻞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺣﻠﻊ ﻭﺧﻠﻮﻉ ﻭﻓﻌﻮﻝ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺠﻮّﺯ ﻏﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﺑﺘﺨﻠّﺺ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﲣﻠﻮﻋۤﺖ ﺃﺳﻨﺎۤﱐ. ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳّﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺑﺮﺍﻏﻲ ﻋﻘﻠﻮ ﲣﻠﻮﻋﺖ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﻧﺘﺨﻠّﺺ ﻣﺎﻟﻮﻛﻒ ﻭﻗﻔﻨﺎ
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺨْﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺨْﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘَﺨْﻢ :ﺍﳊَﺪّ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﲢﺖ ﺍﳌﺰﺭﺍۤﺏ.
ﺑﲔ ﺃﺭﺿﲔ .ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺨﻮﻡ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺳﻜّﻨﻮﺍ ،ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻩ ﺗْﺨٔﻠّٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠّﻂ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺗْﺨﻮﻣﺔ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻂ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﺧـﺘﻠﻂ:
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗۤﺤُﻮﻡ )ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(. ﺍﻣﺘﺰﺝ.
ـﺔ:
ـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺤﻮﻣ ـﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴـ ﺗْﺨٔﻠّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻠّﻊ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺸﻲ :ﺗﻔﻜّﻚ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﺗْﺤﻮﻣَﺎ. ﱂ ﻳﻘﻴﺪﻭﻫﺎ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﭼـﻠﱯ :ﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠـﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﲣﻠّﻊ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ.
ﻭﺯﻥ ﻓﻌﻮﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﻜﺴّﺮ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﺑﻴـﻮﺕ: ﺗْﺨٔﻠّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻠّﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺐ :ﺗَﺄَﺧّﺮ.
ﲨﻊ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻇﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﲨﻌﺎً ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﳍﺎ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍً ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﲣﻢ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻠﱡﻒ.
ﺗْﺨٔﻤّٔﺮ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻤّـﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺠــﲔ
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ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘْﺨﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻨﺎﻥ. ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻤﺮ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﲬﲑﺍً.
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﲔ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً :ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺰﺍﺝ. ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻧﻀﻮﺝ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻲ ،ﻟـﺬﺍ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘَﺨَﻨﻴّﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺎﻧﻴّﺔ :ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻣـﻦ ]ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻋﻪ[ :ﲬﲑ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻲ!.
ﺍﻟﺜَﺨﺎﻧﻴّﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻤﱡﺮ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺤَﻦ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻣﺜﻠـﻬﺎ ﺗْﺨٔﻤّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﲣﻤّﺮۤﺕ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
)ﻭﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ(. ﺗَﺨﻤّﺮﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ :ﻟﺒﺴﺖ ﺍﳋِﻤﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ
ﺗَﺨّﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺛَﺨَﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﺭﺃﺳﻬﺎ.
ﺻﺎﺭ ﺛَﺨﻴﻨﺎً ،ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺛﺎﺀﻩ ﺗﺎﺀ. ﺗْﺨٔﻤّﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺻـﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﺘَﺨﻨﺎﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗٕﺨۤﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻼﻥ ،ﻭﻣﺆﻧﺜﻪ: ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﲬﺴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺫﺍ ﲬﺴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻨﺎﻧﺔ. ﺗْﺨٔﻤّﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲬّﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ
ﺗْﺨﻨّﺚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻨّﺚَ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﲔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﳊﺪﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻈﻦ ،ﲦّﻨﻪ ،ﻭﻗﺪّﺭﻩ.
ﻭﺗﻜﺴﱡﺮ ﻭﺗﺜﻦّ ﻓﻐﺪﺍ ﳛﻤﻞ ﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ. ﺍﻟﺘٕﺨﻤۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺨﻤَﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻭُﲬﺔ )ﻟـﺬﺍ
ﺗْﺨٔﻨْﺠﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑٕﺴْﻄﻲ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺣﺮﳝﻨـﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﺀ( :ﺛﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺑﺘﺨﻨﺠﺮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ :ﲣﻨﺠﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻨﺠﺮﻭٓ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﺓ .ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟـﺘُﺨَﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘُﺨﻤـﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻨﺠﺮ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﲟﻌﲎ ﻃﻌﻦ ﺑﻪ. ﺍﻟﻀﻤّﺔ.
ﺗْﺨﻮٓﺯٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﺯﻕ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﺘـﺮﻭﺡ ﺗٕﻬَـﻢ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺗٕﺨَﻢ.
ﺗْﺨٔﻮّٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔَﻠّﻊ ﻣﻦ ﲣﺸّﺎﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧﺎﻓﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﳌﻦ ﳝﺸﻲ ﺑﺒﻂﺀ :ﻋﻢ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺧﻮﺵ. ﲟﺸﻲ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﻮﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﻌﻮ ﲣﻤﺔ.
ﺗْﺨٔﻮّٔﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻮّﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً :ﺧﺎﻓـﻪ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻧﺘﺨﻢ.
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﺍﻟﺘَﺨْﻤﲑۤﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑﻦ :ﺟﺮﻥ ﳜﻤّـﺮ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻮﱡﻑ. ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻘِﻠَﻰ .ﲰﻮﺍ ﺍﳉﺮﻥ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻣﺎ ﳛﻀﻨﻪ.
ﺗْﺨٔﻮّٔﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲣﻮّﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺧﺎﺋﻨﺎً ،ﲣﻮّﻧـﻪ: ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺎﻣﲑ.
ﺍﻤﻪ ﺑﺎﳋﻴﺎﻧﺔ. ﺍﻟﺘٕﺨْﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺜِﺨَﻦ :ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﺼـﺎﺩﺭ ﻓﻌـﻞ
ﺗْﺨٔﻴّﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺨﻴّﺐ ﻇﲏ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﺛَﺨُﻦ :ﻏﻠُﻆ ،ﺻﻠُﺐ.
ﺗَﺨﻴّﺐ :ﺧﺎﺏ ،ﱂ ﻳﻈﻔﺮ ﲟﺎ ﻃﻠﺐ ،ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﺃﻣﻠﻪ. ﺗٕﺨۤﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺛَﺨُﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻏَﻠُﻆ ،ﺻﻠُﺐ.
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ﻓﻼﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺯﻓﺘﺎۤﻳْﺸﻦ. ﺗْﺨٔﻴّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲣﻴّﺮﻩ :ﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭﻩ ،ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻩ ،ﺫﺧﺮﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺷﮕﺎﻳﮕﻲ :ﺑﺘﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﰲ ]ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺎﺳﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺨﻴّﺮ ﺑﺘﺤﻴّﺮ.
ﺍﳊﻤّﻰ ﺍﶈﺮْﻗﺔ. ﺗْﺨٔﻴّٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻴّﻂ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻻ ﻳﻌﻨﻴﻪ ﺑﺴﻤﻊ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧﺎﻃﻪ.
ﻣﺎﻻ ﻳﺮﺿﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻋﺎﻣﻲ ﻋﺮﰊ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺳﮕﻤﺎﻥ :ﺭﺻﺎﺻـﺘﻮٓ
ﺗْﺪﺍﺭٔﻙ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﺗْﺪﺍﺭﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺩّﺍﺭﻙ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗـﺪﺍﺭﻙ ﺑﺘﺨﻴّۤﻂ ﺗْﻨﲔ.
ﺍﳋﻄﺄَ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ :ﺃﺗﺒﻌﻪ ،ﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﺕ :ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ﻭﺃﺛﺒﺘﻪ ﻭﺃﺻﻠﺢ ﺗْﺨٔﻴّٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺨﻴّﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗﺼﻮّﺭ ﻟـﻪ،
ﺷﺄﻧﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﰒ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺭﻙ :ﰲ ﰒ. ﲣﻴّﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺗﺸﺒّﻪ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺗﻮﻫّﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺬﺍ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗْﺪﺍﺭﻙ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ:
ﺗْﺪﺍﻋٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ: ﲣﻴﱡﻞ.
ﺗَﺪﺍﻋﺒﻮﺍ :ﲤﺎﺯﺣﻮﺍ. ﺗْﺨٔﻴّٔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻴّﻞ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺗْﺪﺍﻓَﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪﺍﻓﻌﻮﺍ :ﺩﻓﻊ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺭﻛﺐ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ :ﺗْﺨﻴّﻞ ﻣﻬﺮﺗﻮ.
ﺗْﺪﺍﮔﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺍﮔﺶ. ﺍﻟﺘْﺨﲔ :ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗٕﺨۤﻦ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺪﺍﺑﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺬﺍﲝﻮﺍ :ﺫﺑﺢ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
ﺗْﺪﺍﻭٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪﺍﻭﻯ :ﻋﺎﰿ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ،ﺗﻨـﺎﻭﻝ ﺗْﺪﺍﺑﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺍﺑﻠـﻮٓ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺀ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪّﺑﻠﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺩﺍﺑﻞ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪﺍﻭِﻱ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺪﺍﺑﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺩﻭﻧـﻮ ﺑﻀـﻴّﻊ
ﺗْﺪﺍﻭٔﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَـﺪﺍﻭَﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ :ﺃﺧـﺬﻭﻩ ﻛﺮﺍﻣﺘﻮ.
ﺑﺎﻟﺪُﻭَﻝ ﺃﻱ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺗﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺃﺧـﺮﻯ ،ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ ﺗْﺪﺍﺣﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺍﲪﻪ.
ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻟﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪﺍﻭُﻝ. ﺗْﺪﺍﺧٔﻞ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺩّﺍﺧﻞ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺘﺪﺍﻭﻟﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ، ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺩﺧﻞ ﺑﻌﻀُﻪ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ.
ﺷﻲ ﻣُﺘَﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪﺍﺧُﻞ.
ﺗْﺪَﺑّﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺫﺑّـﺢ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻟﻮﻻ ﻳﺘﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴّﺔ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺫﺑﺢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺫﺍﳍﺎ ﺩﺍﻻً.
ﺗْﺪﺑّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَـﺪَﺑّﺮ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮَ :ﻧﻈـﺮ ﰲ
ﺃَﺩﺑـﺎﺭﻩ ﺃﻱ :ﻓـﻲ ﻋﻮﺍﻗﺒـﻪ ﻭﺗﻔﻜـﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
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ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻠﺪ ،ﳑﻜﻦ ﻳﺼﲑ ﺣﺮﺏ ،ﺗﻨﺴﺪّ ﺍﻟـﺪﺭﻭﺏ :ﺃﻟـﻒ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺗﺪﺑﲑ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻭﻣﻌﺎﳉﺘﻬﺎ ﺣﺴـﺐ
ﳑﻜﻦ ﳑﻜﻦ ﻳﺼﲑ. ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻀَﻰ.
ﺗْﺪﺧّٔﻞ ﻋﻠﻴۤﻪ :ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﻮﺳّﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ .ﻭﺃﺻـﻞ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﺑﱡﺮ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺑﻴـﺖ ﻋـﺮﰊ ﺗْﺪَﺑّٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﺑّﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗَﻠَﺰّﺝ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟَﺰِﺟﺎً
ﻭﺟﺒﺖ ﲪﺎﻳﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺇﻃﻼﻗﻬﻢ ﺇﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺎﺯ ﻳﻌﻠﻖ.
ﻣﻦ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﺑﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳـﺔ ،ﺃﻻ ﺗـﺮﻯ ﺃـﻢ ﺗْﺪَﺑّﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺫَﺑَﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﺼﻦ:
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺩﺧﻴﻠَﻚ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺧّﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺫَﻭﻯ ﻭﺫﻫﺒﺖ ﻧﺪﺍﻭﺗﻪ ،ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺫﺍﻟﻪ ﺩﺍﻻً.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺟﻮﺍ ﳜﻄﺒﻮﱠﺍ ﺗﺪﻟّﻠۤﺖْ ﺭﺍﺣـﻮﺍ ﺗْﺪَﺣﺪَﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺣـﺪﻝ
ﻭﺩﺷّﺮﻭﱠﺍ ﺗﺪﺧّﻠۤﺖْ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺩَﺣَﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺯﺣﻞ ﺃﻱ :ﺗﺒﺎﻋﺪ،
ﺗْﺪﺧّٔﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﺧّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَـﺪَﺧّﻦ: ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺗﺪﺣﺮﺝ ﻭﻧﺰﻝ ﻣـﻦ ﻋـﺎﻝ ﺇﱃ
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺩﺧّﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺻﻴّﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥَ ﻳﻌﻠـﻮﻩ ،ﻭﻣﻨـﻪ ﺃﺳﻔﻞ .ﺃﻭ ﻫﻲ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺪﺣﺮﺝ ﻭﺗﺪﻟّﻰ.
ﺗﻄﻴﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺑﺪﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﻳﺮﺓ. ﺗْﺪَﺣّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺣّﺶ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﺎً ﻟـﺪﺧّﻦ :ﺷـﺮﺏ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ.
ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ. ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻘﺪﻣﻮﻩ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺪﺣّٔﺶ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺧّﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘـﺪﺧﻨﻮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺭﺧﻴﺼﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﺿﺎﺭﺓ ،ﺍﻟﻔﻼﻓﻞ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻣـﻦ
ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺼﻮﱐ ،ﻫﻠّﻖ ﺷﻴﻞ ﺇﻳﺪﻙ ﻭﺍﳊﻘﲏ. ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﺍﳌﻌﻔﻦ ﺍﳌﻄﺤﻮﻥ ،ﻣﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﳒﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻤـﺮﺩﻳﻦ
ﺗْﺪﺭّﺍ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺪﺭّﺕ ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ ﻭﻗﺒﻼ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﲑ ﺗﺪﺭّﺍ، ﺍﳌﺪﻭّﺩ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻐﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﲝﻄّﻮ ﺑﻴّﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﻜﻮﻥ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺬﺭﱠﻯ ﺍﳊﺐَّ :ﺧﻠُﺺ ﻭﺗﻨﻘﱠﻰ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟـﺘﱭ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﰐ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻫﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺔ ،ﻭﺑﺮﺗﻘـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺼـﲑ
ﺑﺘﺬﺭﻳﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ. ﳛﻘﻦ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ ﻭ....
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﺍﻳﺔ. ﺗْﺪﺣْﻮٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮَﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺣﻮﺵ
ﺗْﺪﺭّﺍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﺭّﺃ – ﻭﺗﺴـﻬّﻞ ﳘﺰﺗـﻪ –: ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺣَﺶ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ.
ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺮ. ﺗْﺪَﺧّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺧّﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﺍﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺫﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧﺒﺄﻩ ﻟﻮﻗـﺖ ﺍﳊﺎﺟـﺔ،
ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻭﺃﺭﺍﺩﻭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺘﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻻﻟﺘﺠﺎﺀ. ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺫﺍﳍﺎ ﺩﺍﻻً.
ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺬﺭﱠﻯ ﺑﺎﻟﺸـﻲﺀ :ﺍﺳـﺘﺘﺮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺟﺪّﻱ ﻋﻨﱪﻳﻦ ﻛﺒﺎﺭ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻈﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻤﻰ. ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻮﻧﺔ ﺣﻨﻄﺔ ﺳﻨﺔ ،ﺇﺫﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﳝﻮّﻧﻮﺍ ﻟﺴﻨﺘﲔ ،ﺳﺄَﻟﺖ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺟﻴﺖ ﺃﺗﺪﺭّﺍ ﲜﺒﺘﻮ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﺘﺪﺭّﺍ ﻧﺎﻧﱵ :ﻟﻴﺶ؟ ﻭﺷﻮﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺱ ﻋﺒّﻰ ﺍﳊـﻮﺵ ﻣﺎﳌﻮﻧـﺔ
ﺑﻌﺼﺎﻳﱵ. ﺍﻟﻌﺘﻴﻘﺔ ،ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﱄ :ﻳﺎ ﺍﺑﲏ! ﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﻌـﺮﻑ ﺃﺵ ﺑﺼـﲑ،
ﳑﻜﻦ ﻳﺼﲑ ﻗﺤﻂ ،ﳑﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻳﻬﺠﻤﻮﺍ
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ﺗْﺪَﺭّٔﺱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭّﺱ. ﺗْﺪﺭّﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﺭّﺏ ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺩﺭّﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻋﻮّﺩﻩ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ.
ﺗْﺪَﺭّٔﻉ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻀﺮّﻉ :ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ ﺗـﺪﺭّﺃ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺪﺭﱡﺏ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺗُﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ( :ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﻮّۤﺩ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺩﺭّﺑـﺎ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﲡﺸّﺄ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﻟﻠﺘﺠﺸّﺆ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺘﺎﺭ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﻋﺎﳌﺴﻜﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﺘﻌﺘﺎﺩ ،ﻭﺻـﻌﺐ ﻛـﺘﲑ
ﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻢ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺸﺆ. ﺗﻘﺪﺭ ﺗﺒﻄّﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺗﺪﺭﺑﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﺑﻞ ﺃﺭﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﺃﻥ ))ﺗﺪﺭﻉ(( ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺩﺭّﺑﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺴـﺒﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿـﺔ
ﺗﻀﺮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺮﻉ :ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ،ﻷﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮﻭﻧﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺭﻛﻮﺏ ﺍﳋﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺣﻠـﻖ
ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺸﺆ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻷﻛـﻞ
ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺗﺪﺭّﻉ :ﺗْﺪﺭﺑﻊ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻳـﻒ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺎﻋﺐ ﺗﻔﻘﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻀﺤﻜﺔ ﻃﻨﺎﻧﺔ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﳊﻴـﺎﺓ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺗﺘﺮﺑﻊ ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺪﺭﻉ ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻊ(( :ﺣﻜﺎﻳـﺔ ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻼ ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺘﺴﺎﻡ ﺑﺘﻌﺘﺎﺩ ﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺤـﺐّ ﺗﻔﺎﺭﻗـﺎ،
ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺸﺆ. ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﱯ! ﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺑﲔ.
ﻭﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ))ﺭﺣﻠﱵ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺃﻟﻒ ﻟﻴﻠـﺔ ﺗْﺪَﺭْﺑَﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭﺑﺲ.
ﻭﻟﻴﻠﺔ(( ﺃﻧﻪ ﺩﻋﻲ ﺇﱃ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻗﺼﺮ ﺍﳊﺴْـﱯ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺿﺔ ﻭﺭﺃﻯ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﻧﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ،ﻓﺄﻛﻞ ﻭﺧـﺮﺝ ﺗْﺪﺭﺑﻊ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺘَﺮﺑﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻒ ﲟﻌﲎ ﲡﺸّﺄ:
ﻭﻏﺴﻞ ،ﻓﺄﺗﺎﻩ ﺍﳊﺴﱯ ﻭﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﻟﻠﻌﺸﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻭﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻓﻌﻠﺖُ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺪﺭﻉ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﺑﻊْ(( :ﺻﻮﺕ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ
ﺍﻵﻥ ،ﺃﺟﺎﺏ :ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﻘﺒﻼﺕ ،ﻭﺩﺧﻞ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺸﺆ.
ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﰒ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺘﺪﺭﻋﻮﻥ ﻭﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﳝﺴﺤﻮﻥ ﺗْﺪَﺭْﺑَﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭﺑﻚ.
ﺃﻳﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﺍﳌﻠﻮﺛﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻫﻦ ﰲ ﳊﺎﻫﻢ ﻭﺃﻛﻠﻮﺍ ﻭﺃﻛﻠـﻮﺍ ،ﰒ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﻗﺪّﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻔـﻲ ﻟﻄﻌـﺎﻡ ﺗْﺪَﺭّﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﺭﱠﺝ ﺇﱃ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺗَﻘﺪّﻡ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً
ﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﰲ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ ﺃﺳﺒﻮﻋﺎً. ﻓﺸﻴﺌﺎً ،ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺗﺐ :ﺍﺭﺗﻘﻰ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﺪﺭﺟﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺁﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﺪﺭﻋﻮﺍ ﲝﻄّﻮﺍ ﺇﻳﺪﻥ ﻋﻠـﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺧﻠّﺺ
ﲤّﻦ ﻭﺑﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺃﺳﺘﻐﻔﺮ ﺍﷲ. ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻮ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﻭﻫﻠّﻖ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺪﺭّﺝ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ
ﻭﻛﻨﺖ ﻧﺸﺮﺕ ﻣﻘﺎﻻً ﻓﻜﻬﺎً ﰲ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ ﺱ؟ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﱐ ،ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻩ ﺧﻠّﺺ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺪﺭّﺝ ﻋﻨـﺪ
ﺹ .٢٥١ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻧﻪ ))ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻏﺮﺯﻡ(( ﺃﺗﺴﺎﺀﻝ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﶈﺎﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﱐ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﻣﺪﺓ ﲢﺖ ﺇﺷـﺮﺍﻑ
ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺿﺤﻜﺔ ﺑﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﲏ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ :....ﺃﻷﻧﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻓﺮﻍ ﻗﺪﱘ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ.
ﻗﺎﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﻃﺮﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﻖ ﺍﳉﻮّ ﺑﻜﻲّ ﺍﻟﺸَﻌﺮ ﻭﺷﻲّ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺮ ﻭﻗﻠﻲ ﺗْﺪﺭْﺧٔﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻞ ﻭﺳﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﻞ ﻭﻗﺄﺟﺸﺂﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﲔ؟.... ﺩﺭﺧﺶ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﺪﺭﺧﻮﺵ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ –
ﺗْﺪَﺭْﻛﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭﻛﻞ. ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺩﺧﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺄ ﻛﺎﳊﺸﺮﺓ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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ﺃﻭﻝ ﺳﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺋﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻄﻌﺖْ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ ﺑﺘﺪﺭﻛﻞ
ﺗْﺪَﻋّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﲝﺒّﻮ.
ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺮّ. ﺗْﺪَﺭْﻭﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭﻳﺶ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗـﺂﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﺑﺘـﺪﻋّﻮﺍ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻳﺸـﺎً ،ﺃﻭ ﺻـﺎﺭ ﻓﻘـﲑﺍً
ﻋﻠﻴﻚ. ﻛﺎﻟﺪﺭﻭﻳﺶ.
ﺗْﺪَﻋْﺒَﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺒﻞ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭﻳﺶ ﻭﺩﺭﻭﺵ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭﺷﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭﺷﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺩﺭّﺏ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ .ﺃﻃﻠﻖ ﺍﻤﻊ
– ﻭﻳﻌﺒﺚ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺑﺎﳊﺸﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﺎﺓ ))ﺃﻡ ﻋﻠﻲ(( ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﻴـﻮﻡ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻗﺎﺋﻠﲔ :ﺃﻡ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺗْﺪَﻋﺒﻠِﻲ. ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺎﻭﺭﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﳉﻨﺪ ﺑﺸـﺒﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻛـﺔ
ﺗْﺪَﻓّﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﻓّﺄ – ﻭﺗﺴـﻬّﻞ ﳘﺰـﺎ –: ﻣﺼﻄﻨﻌﺔ ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻬﻢ ﺃﻭ ﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮﻩ.
ﺗَﺴَﺨّﻦ. ﺍﻟﺘَﺪﺭﻳﺒۤﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻘـﻊ ﺑـﲔ ﺍﳉﺪﻳـﺪﺓ
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘٕﺪﻓﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﺎﻳۤﺔ. ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺎﺑﻮﺭﺓ ،ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﻕ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﺑﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﻷﺣﺬﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻴﻨـﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋـﻢ ﺑﺘـﺪﻓّﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺧﻴﺼﺔ ،ﲰﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﺔ ﻷﺎ ﻳﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ ﺩﺭﻭﺏ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻨﺎﺩﻳﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﻧﺔ. ﻛﺜﲑﺓ.
CHAUFFAGE ﺍﻟﺘَﺪﻓِﺌــﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰﻳــﺔ :ﺗﻌﺮﻳــﺐ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺻﺮﻣﺎﻱ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﺔ.
.CENTRAL ﺍﻟﺘَﺪﺭﻳﺞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺩﺭّﺝ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ] .ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[:
ﺗْﺪَﻓّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻓّﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺗْﺮﻓّﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺪﺭﳚﻴﺎً.
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺩﻓﺮﻩ :ﺩﻓﻌﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻫَـﺮﱠﺏ ﺗْﺪَﺷّﻰ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﲡﺸّﺄ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻤـﻪ
ﻭﺻﺮّﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺌﺔ. ﺻﻮﺕ ﻏﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺪﺗﻪ ،ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺩﻓﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺗﺪﺭّﻉ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺟﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﳉﻴﺔ ﺗﻴﻜﺒﺴﻮ ﺑﻴـﺖ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺎﻧﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﱳ ﺗﺪﻓّﺮ .ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻣﻴّﺔ ﺑﻴﻌﻄﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺴﺮﻭﻕ ﺗْﺪَﺷّﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺷّﺮ.
ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻫَﺪﻭﻝ ﺑﺒﻴﻌﻮﻩ ﰲ ﺑﻼﺩ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺓ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﳌﺎ ﺍﻧﺴﺮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﺎﻧﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺪﺷّﺮ ﺑـﺪّﻭ ﻣـﻦ
ﳏﻔﻮﻇﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺮﺗﲔ ﰲ ﻣﺘﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻳﻨﻄﺮﻭ ﻭﻳﻨﻤّﻴﻪ ،ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻏﲑ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺪﺷّﺮ ﳊﺎﻟﻮ.
ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﻧﺎﻧﲑ ﻋﻄﺖ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺧﱪ ﺳﺮﺍً ﻟﻜﻞ ﺗْﺪَﺷْﻤَﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠَﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﴰﻦ ﻓﻼﻥ
ﺍﻟﺼﻴّﺎۤﻏﲔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﺪﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﺭٓﻭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺩﻭّﺑﻮﺍ ﺷﻮﻱ ﻭﺃﺟﻮﺍ ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﺻﺎﻳﻎ ﰲ ﻃﺮﻃﻮﺱ ،ﻭﻫـﻮّﻩ ﺗْﺪَﺷّﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄـﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺩَﺷّـﻦَ
ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺧﺒّﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻧﻜﻤﺸﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺮﻓﻮﺍ. ﺍﻟﺜـﻮﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﺒﺴـﻪ ﻷﻭﻝ ﻣـﺮﺓ ،ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺒـﺪَ:
ﺻﻠـﻰ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻭﺑﺎﺭﻛـﻪ ﻷﻭﻝ ﻣـﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬـﺎ
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﺗْﺪَﻓّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻓّﺶ.
ﻣٕﻦ ﻋﺎﻳۤﺶ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺒﱡﻮ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻓﻮ ﺑِﺤﺒّﻮٓ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﺘﺪﻟّﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﺤﻤﻞ ﻫﻢّ ﺑﻘﻠﺒﻮٓ ﺗْﺪَﻓّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺪﻓّﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻞُ :ﻓﺎﺽ ﻭﺩﻓﻊ ﺑﻌﻀُﻪ
ﺗْﺪﻟّﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﻟّﻚ :ﺩﻟﻚ ﺟﺴـﺪﻩ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
ﺍﻻﻏﺘﺴﺎﻝ ،ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻴﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺀ: ﺗْﺪَﻓّﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪﻓّﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻞُ :ﺗَﺼﺒّﺐ ،ﻭﳎـﺎﺯﺍً
ﻃﻼﻩ ﺑﻪ. ﻓﻼﻥٌ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ :ﺃﻓﺎﺽ.
ﺗْﺪَﻟّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﻟّﻞ :ﺩَﻝﱠ ،ﺗَﻐﻨّﺞ ﻭﺗَﻠﻮﱠﻯ ،ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓُ: ﺗْﺪٔﻗْﺪٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻗـﺪﻕ.
ﺃﻇﻬﺮﺕ ﺟﺮﺃﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﲢﺐّ ﰲ ﺗﻠﻄﻒ ﻛﺄﺎ ﲣﺎﻟﻔـﻪ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ .ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ :ﻭُﺷِﻢ.
ﻭﻣﺎ ﺎ ﳐﺎﻟﻔﺔ. ﺗْﺪٔﻗّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩَﻗﺮ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﻟﱡﻞ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻧﺪﻗﺮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺟﻮﺍ ﳜﻄﺒﻮﱠﺍ ﺗﺪﻟّﻠۤﺖ ﺭﺍﺣـﻮﺍ ﺗْ ٔﺪﻗّٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻗّﻖ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏَ
ﻭﺩﺷّﺮﻭﱠﺍ ﺗْﺪﺧّﻠۤﺖ. ﻭﻏﲑﻩ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻗّﺔ ﻭﺃﻧﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ.
ﺗﺪْﻣﺮ ﺍﳉَﺪﻳﺪَﺓ :ﻟﻘﺐ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻟﻘﺒﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﻮﻥ، ﺗﺪَﻛﺪَﻙ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺪﮔﺪﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻛﺪﺍﻙ
ﻷﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻓﻞ ﻭﺷﺄﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺧﻄﲑ، ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺩﻙّ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻫﺪﻣﻪ ﺣـﱴ
ﺷﺄﻥ ﺗﺪﻣﺮ ﻗﺪﳝﺎً .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ ﺣﻠﺐ. ﺳﻮّﺍﻩ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺽ.
ﺗْﺪَﻣّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻣّﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(. ﺗْﺪَﻟّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪﻟّﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﻤـﺮُ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﺠﺮ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺳﻞ.
ﺗْﺪَﻧّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺩﻧّـﻰ ﰲ ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻻﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﻻﻳﺔ.
ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﺘﺒّﻊ ﺃﺻﺎﻏﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺧﺴﻴﺴﻬﺎ .ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﱃ.
ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻧﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﻧﺎﻳﺔ. ﺗْﺪَﻟّﺞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺪَﻟّﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣَﻬﻠَﻚ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﻧﱢﻲ. ﺳِﺮ ،ﺍﻣﺾِ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻟّﺞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻧﻔﺴﻮ ﻭﺍﻃﻴـﺔ ﺑﺘـﺪﻧّﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﰿ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳﺎﺭ ﻟﻴﻼً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ.
ﻟﻠﻘﺮﺵ. ﺗْﺪَﻟﺪٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻟﺪﻕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً
ﺗْﺪَﻧّﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻧّﺐ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻟﻖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻧﺐ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻝ ﺗْﺪَﻟّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻟّﻊ.
ﺩﺍﻻً. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺠﺒﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﺤﻞ ﺑْﺪَﻧﺒّﻮ.
ﺗْﺪﻧْﺪَﻝ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺪﻟﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗَﻬـﺪّﻝ،
ﲢﺮﻙ ﻣﺘﺪﻟﻴﺎً .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﻧﺪﻝ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺮﺏ ﻟﻮٓ ﻣْﺪﻗّﺔ ﺷﻔﻨﺎﻩ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗْﺪَﻧْﺪَﻝ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺗﺪﻭﺩﺥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻨﺪﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﳊﺒﻴﺐ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﻪ ﻓﺘﺪﻧﺪﻻ
ﺗْﺪَﻭّٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺪﻭّﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣـﺪﻭّﺭﺍً، )ﺣﺮﻓﻮﺍ :ﻓﺘﺪﻟّﻼ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺣُﺮّﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ ﻟﻴﺪﻭﺭ. ﺗْﺪَﻧّﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﻧّﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺩَﻧِﺴـﺎً،
ﺗْﺪﻭٓﺯﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺩﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﺗّﺴﺦ ،ﺗﻠﻄّﺦ.
ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺪَﻫّﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻘﻨـﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻀـﺔ ﺗـﺪﻫّﺒۤﺖ،
ﺗْﺪﻭﱠﺱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭّﺱ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﻭﻣﻜﺘﺒﺘﻨﺎ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺃﻟﻒ ﳎﻠﺪ ﻣﺪﻫّﺐ .ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺍﺱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﺍﺱ ﻭﺩﻭﺱ ﻭﺍﻧﺪﺍﺱ. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩَﻫّﺐ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺫﻫﺒّـﻪ :ﻣﻮّﻫـﻪ
ﺗْﺪﻭٓﺷَﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻓﻌـﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﻫﺐ ،ﺃﻭ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﻫﺐ.
ﺩﻭﺷﻮﳕﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻓﻜّﺮ. ﺗْﺪﻫْﺪَﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻫﺪﻙ.
ﺗْﺪﻭٓﻟٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻟﻘﻮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻻّﻗﻲ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﻛﻠﻪ. ﺗْﺪَﻫّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﻫّﻦ :ﺍﺩّﻫﻦ ،ﺍﻃّﻠَﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻫﻦ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻋﺒـﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺗْﺪَﻫﻮٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ
ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ :ﲪﺎﰐ – ﻭﺑﺎ – ﺗﺪﻭﻟﻘﺖ ﻭﻣﺎ ﳌّﺖ ﺩﻫﻮﺭﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺩﻓﻌﻪ ﻭﻗﺬﻓﻪ ﰲ ﻣَﻬﻮﺍﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮﺓ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺗـﺪﻫﻮﺭۤﺕ ﲡـﺎﺭﺗﻮٓ،
ﺗْﺪَﻭّٔﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭّﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭﺕ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺘﺒﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻮﺍﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺩﻭﻥ. ﺗْﺪَﻭّٔﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺫﻭّﺏ
ﺗْﺪﻭٓﻧٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩَﻧﻖ. ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺫﺍﺋﺒﺎً ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻛـﺎﻥ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺟﺎﻣﺪﺍً.
ﺗْﺪَﻳّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩَﻳّﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺒـﺎﺯ ﺗْﺪﻭٓﺑَﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ
ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﻓﺼّﻠﻪ ﻟﻴﻠﺒﺴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ. ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ DOUBLEﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴـﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ :ﺿـﻮﻋﻒ
ﺗْﺪﻳﻞ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌـﺎﻥ ،ﻣـﻦ ﻭﻛُﺮﱢﺭ.
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺪﺍ ﺇﻳﻞ :ﺭﺑﻴﻊ ﺇﻳﻞ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠـﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺪﻭﺑﻞ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ،ﺗﺪﻭﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ،
ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٥ ﺗﺪﻭﺑﻞ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳉﺰﺍ.
ﺗْﺪﻭٓﺩٔﺥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺩﺧﺔ
– ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻋﻦ ﺩﺍﺥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﻀﻴّﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﺮﺓ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺗْﺪَﻳّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﻳّﻦ :ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺽ.
ﺃﻧﻪ ﺷﺎﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﻦ ﻭﻣُﻬﻤِﻞ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﺘﺪﻳّﻦ ﻭﺑﺘﺰﻳّﻦ.
ﺗْﺬﻟّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺬﻟّﻞ ﻟﻪ :ﺧﻀﻊ ﻭﺗﻮﺍﺿﻊ. ﺗْﺪَﻳّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺪَﻳّﻦ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ ﺩِﻳـﻦ ﻭﺗﻌﺒّـﺪ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺬَﻟﱡﻞ. ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﺍﲣﺬﻩ ﺩﻳﻨﺎً.
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ ﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻴﺢ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ :ﺗـﺬﻟّﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ:
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﳊﺒﻴﺒﻮ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻃَﺒَﻊ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺑﻄـﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺩﻳـﺔ ﺗَﺪَﻳﱡﻦ.
ﺍﳌﻌﺒّﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺩﻧﻴّﺔ. ﺗْﺬﺍﻛٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺬﺍﻛﺮﻭﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺿﻮﺍ.
ﺗْﺬﻣّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَـﺬَﻣّﺮ: ﺗْﺬَﺑْﺬَﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﻏﻀﺐ ،ﻻﻡ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺎﺋﺖ ،ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ :ﺗﻨﻜّـﺮ ﻟـﻪ ﺗﺬﺑﺬﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﲢﺮﻙ ﻭﺍﺿـﻄﺮﺏ ﻭﻧـﺎﺱَ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻭﺃﻭﻋﺪﻩ ،ﺍﺟﺘﺮﺃ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺭﻓﻊ ﺻﻮﺗﻪ ﰲ ﻋﺘﺎﺑـﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺗﻘﻠّﺐ ﰲ ﺃﻗﻮﺍﻟﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻪ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﺸﻜّﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً. ﺗْﺬَﺧّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺫَﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺗْﺬﻣّﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻣّﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻫﺠـﺎﻩ ﺧﺒﺄﻩ ﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ.
ﻭﻋﺎﺑﻪ ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺘٕﺬﻛﺎﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘَـﺬﻛﺎﺭ :ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ ﺫﻛـﺮ
ﺗْﺬَﻭّٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺬَﻭّﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺫﺍﻗﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺣﻔﻈﻪ ﰲ ﺫﻫﻨـﻪ ،ﺟﻌﻠـﻪ ﻳـﺬﻛﺮﻩ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺷﻲﺀ ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻟﻠﺘﺬﻭﻕ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻱ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﳌﺎ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺬﻭﱡﻕ. ﺗْﺬَﻛّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺬﻛّﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺫﻛﺮﻩ.
ﻳﺎ ﺗﺮَﻯ :ﺃﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻫﻞ ﺗَﺮَﻯ؟ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻳﺎ ﺗُﺮَﻯ ﻭﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺬَﻛﱡﺮ.
ﻫﻞ ﺗُﺮَﻯ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻳﺎ ﺭﺟﻞ! ﻫـﻞ ﺗﻈـﻦ ،ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴـﻤﻊ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﻳﺪ ﻳﺒﺴﻂ ﻧﻔﺴﻮ ﻳﺘﺬﻛّﺮ
ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ))ﺭﺃﻯ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﻇﻦّ ﺇﻻ ﳎﻬﻮﻻً. ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻋﺮﺳﻮ .ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﻈﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩ ﻭﺗﺬﻛّﺮ ﻟﻴﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﱪﺩ.
ﺗْﺮﺍﺀﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺍﺀَﻯ ﺍﻟﺘَﺬﻛﺮٔﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛِﺮﺓ :ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ ﺫّﻛـﺮﻩ
ﱄ :ﻇﻬﺮ ﺣﱴ ﺭﺃﻳﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺗﻮﳘﺖ. ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺑﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘَﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺘْﺮﺍﺏ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺍﻟﻄْﺮﺍﺏ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺮﺍﺏ: ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺸﻌﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﻬﺎ ﺳﺪّﺩ ﻣﺒﻠﻐﺎً،
ﻣﺎ ﻧﻌﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﱘ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ. ﺃﻭ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻌﻔﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻨﺪﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ...ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻـﻄﻼﺡ
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﺎﻳﺔ، ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.Techéréa :
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﺎﻳﺎﺕ .ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﺑﻪ: ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﺗَﺬﺍﻛﺮ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮّﺍﺏ ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺮّﺍﺏ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ،ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺧﺎﺕ ،ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳍﻠﻚ ،ﺗﺮﺏ.
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ﰲ ﻋﻴﲏ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ( .ﺟﺪّﻱ ﻭﺟﺪّﻙ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺍﺻـﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳉﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ.
ﻳﺮﺣﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺍﺏ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺱ ﺑﺘﺮﺍﺑﻮ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﲝﺴﺎﺑﻮ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺘﺸﺎﺀﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺸﺘﻢ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﺮﺍﺑﻮ ﰲ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ )ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮـﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ :ﺑﺘﻤّﻚ ﻃْﺮﺍﺏ .ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻟـﺪﻯ ﲡﻬﻴـﺰ ﺍﳌﻴـﺖ
ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺧﻂ ﺍﳌﻬﺪﱢﺩ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﻳﻔﺘﺤﻮﻥ ﺃﺟﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﻳﺬﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﺎ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﻴﲏ ﻟﻴﺪﺧﻞ ﰲ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ﻭﻳﻌﻤﻴﻬﺎ. ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ :ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺸﺒﻊ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ.
ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ :ﺃﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﻭﻳﺼﻴﺢ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻳﻠﻌﺒـﻮﻥ ﺑﻠﻌﺒـﺔ ))ﺃﻡ
ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﻳﺒﻴﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺧﲑ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﳌﺰﺭﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﻮﺕ، ﺍﳊﻴﻂ((:ﻃْﺮﺍﺏ ،ﺃﻭﻃﻮ ﻃْﺮﺍﺏ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﲤـﺲّ ﺃﻧﺎﻣﻠـﻬﻢ
ﻭﺯﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻴﻊ ﺇﺫ ]ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻋﻪ[ :ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻷﲪـﺮ، ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺑﺄﻧـﻪ ﺗـﺮﻙ
ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ. ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺴﺮﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻪ.
ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺒّﺎﺧﺎﺕ :ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺣﻮّﺍﺭﻱ ﻳُﺠْﺒَﻞ ﻭﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻨﻪ ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﺮﺣﻢ ﺭﻭﺡ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑْﺘﻘـﻞ ﻣـﺎ
ﻣﻮﻗﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ ﻳﻄﺒﺦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ] ،ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻋﻪ[ :ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ.
ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺧﺎﺕ ،ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺧﺎﺕ ،ﺃﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺏ.... ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻃﻠﻊ ﻭﺭﺍ ﺟﻨﺎﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﳒﻴـﺐ
ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻐٕﺮٔﺑﺎ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑـﲔ ﺳـﻮﻕ ﺳﺮﺍﺝ ﺧﻠْﻖ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻗَﺶّ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ،ﻭﻗﺒﻠﻮ ﻣﺘﻠـﻮ ﺟﻨـﺎﺯﺓ
ﺍﻟﻨﺤّﺎﺳﲔ ﻭﺍﻷﳌﺎﺟﻲ ﺃﻱ :ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐـﺰﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺶ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪﻭ ﺟﻨﺎﺯﺓ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻫﻨﺎﻧﻮ.
ﰲ)) :ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ(( ﺟ ٢ﺹ :٤٣۰ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﶈﻠﺔ ﺗﺮﺑـﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﻳﺎ ﺍﺑﲏ ﺍﷲ ﻳﺮﺿﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ
ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺗﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﺎﺀ ،ﻛﺄﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﳐﺘﺼﺔ ﺑـﺪﻓﻦ ﻭﲤﺴۤﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﻳﻘْﻠﺐ ﺩﻫﺐ.
ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻢ ،ﰒ ﻫﺠﺮﺕ ،ﻭﰲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﺬﺕ ﻭﻳﻌﻠﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﺕ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺃﺑﻠﻮﺝ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﺻـﺒﻊ
ﺗﻌﻤﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ. ﳚﻠﺒﻪ ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﻣﻜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺧﺰﻓﺔ.
ﻭﲰﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺘﻪ ﺹ: ٨١ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﺑـﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌـﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ
ﻗﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻐُﺮَﺑﺎ. ـﺮﺍﺏـﺈﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺘـ
ـﺄﺱ ﺑـ ـﺔ ﺟ ۲ﺹ :٢٥٦ﻻ ﺑـﺍﻟﺒﻮﻻﻗﻴـ
ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳍٕﻠّٓﻚ :ﺃﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳍﻠّﻚ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳍَﻠَﻜـﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺮﻡ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻗﻴﻞ ﰲ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﳉﺪﺑﺔ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﺀ. ﺍﳌﻌﻈﻢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺪﺭﺍً ﻳﺴﲑﺍً ﻟﻠﺘﱪﻙ ﺑﻪ ﲝﻴﺚ ﻻ ﺗﻔﻮﺕ
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺷـﺮﻗﻲّ ﻋـﲔ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ )ﻛﺬﺍ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﻈﻬﲑﻳﺔ((( .ﻭﺻﻮّﺏ ﺍﺑﻦ
ﺍﻟﺘﻞّ ،ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻳﻨﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷـﻲﺀ ،ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻋـﻪ ﻭﻫﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻟﺌﻼ ﻳﺘﺴﻠﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﻝ،
ﳛﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺷﻠﻴﻒ ﺻﻐﲑ ﻭﻳﻨـﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ: ﻓﻴﻔﻀﻲ ﺇﱃ ﺧﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ) ...ﻛﺬﺍ ﰲ ))ﻣﻌﲔ ﺍﳌﻔﱵ((
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ﻳﺘﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺭﺟﻞ ﺷﺠﺎﻉ. ﻭﻳﺰﻋﻢ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﲰﻲ ﺑﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳍﻠّﻚ ﻷﻧـﻪ
ﺍﻟ ﺘْﺮﺍﺟﻴﺪﻳﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺟﻴﺪﻳﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔTragédie : ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻠﻚ ﰲ ﻃﻮﻓﺎﻥ ﻧﻮﺡ .ﺑـﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻨـﻮﰊّ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ :TRAGOEDIAﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺗﻨﺘـﻬﻲ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﳍﻠّﻚ ﻣﻘﱪﺓ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ))ﺟﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻀـﺎﻡ(( ﻳﺘﺨﻠـﻞ
ﺑﻔﺎﺟﻌﺔ. ﺣﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺟﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺯﺭﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ،ﻭﻫﺬﻩ
ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺟﻴﺪﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻧﺸـﻴﺪ ﺍﳌﻌـﺰَﻯ، ﻋﻈﺎﻡ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﺋﻴـﺔ ﺗﻜﻠﺴـﺖ ﰲ ﺃﺣـﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺭ
ﻭﲰﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺟﻌﺔ ﺎ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻗﺪﱘ ﺍﳉﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ،ﺇﺫ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺣﻠﺐ ﲝﺮﺍً .ﻭﺍﻵﻥ ﻏﺪﺕ
ﻋﻬﺪﻫﻢ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻟﺪﻯ ﲤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻳﺬﲝﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﺰﻯ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺑﻞ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳍﻠّﻚ ﺣﻴّﺎً ﻛﺒﲑﺍً ﻳﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻨـﻮﺭ
ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻮﻥ ﺟﻠﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﺰﻯ. ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺹ.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻋﻄﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺄﺳﺎﺓ. ﰲ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ(( ﺟ ٣ﺹ ٨٨ﻋﻦ
ﺗْﺮﺍﺧٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺍﺧﻰ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﺗﺒﺎﻋﺪ ،ﺗـﺄﺧّﺮ، ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻌﻮﻡ ﲞﺎﺵ :ﺭﺣﻨﺎ ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺷﻔﻨﺎ ﻗﺘﻴـﻞ،
ﺗﺒﺎﻃﺄ ،ﺗﻮﺍﻧَﻰ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺗﺴﺎﻫﻞ ﰲ ﻭﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺘﻴﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺭﺟﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﺻـﻮﺏ ﺗـﺮﺍﺏ
ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺘﻪ ﻭﱂ ﻳﺘﺸﺪّﺩ. ﺍﳍﻠﻚ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺍﺧِﻲ. ﺗْﺮٔﺍﺑٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻂ.
ﺍﻟﺘْﺮﺍﺧﻮٓﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼـﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ،TRACHOMEﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳـﺔ: ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻱ.
:TRACHOMAﺍﻟﺮَﻣَﺪ ﺍﳊُﺒَﻴْﱯ ،ﻣﺮﺽ ﺟﻔـﲏ ﻳﻌـﺪﻱ، ﺍﻟﺘْﺮﺍﺑۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﳌﺼﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﻛﺘﺮﺍﺑﺔ
ﻭﺿﻌﻮﺍ ﻟﻪ :ﺍﳊَﺜَﺮ. ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٤٣ﺹ ٥۰٣ﻭﺱ ٢٢ﺹ .١٦٧ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑۤﺔ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﳒﻴﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﲰﻨﺖ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ.
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ١٩ﻋﺪﺩ ١۰ﺹ ٤٦ﻭﺱ ٢٢ﻋﺪﺩ ٧ﺹ .٥٢ ﺍﻟﺘْﺮﺍﺑۤﺔ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﻮﺭﺩ ﻳﻌﻤـﻞ
ﺗْﺮٔﺍﺫَﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺭَﺫُﻝ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ .ﻭﻭﺻﻔﺖ ﺑﺎﳊﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻷـﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺼـﺖ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺭَﺫﻻً ﺃﻱ :ﺧﺴﻴﺴﺎً ﺩﻭﻧﺎً. ﺑﺼﻨﻌﻬﺎ ﺣﻠﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻴﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﻮﺭﺩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﺍﺫَﻝ ﺩﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻣﺎﻳﺔ. ﻭﻳﺮﺳﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﺎﺀ ﺃﻟﻄﻒ ﻫﺪﻳﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻼﺩﻫﻢ ،ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺗْﺮﺃﱠﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺃﱠﺱ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺻـﺎﺭ ﺭﺋﻴﺴـﺎً، ﺃﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﳌﻐﺸﻮﺵ.
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺭﺃﱠﺳﻪ. ﺗْﺮﺍﺟَﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺍﺟﻌﻮﺍ :ﺭﺟﻌﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟـﻮﺭﺍﺀ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻴﻮٓﻡ ﺗﺮﺃﱠﺱ ﺍﳉﻠﺴۤـﺔ ﻧﺎﺋـﺐ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺍﺭﺗـﺪّﻭﺍ ﻋﻤـﺎ ﻛـﺎﻧﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﻏﺎﻳﺐ. ﻋﺎﺯﻣﲔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮّٔﺍﺱ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺱ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﻋﻦ ﻭﻋﺪﻭ .ﺍﳉـﻴﺶ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮّﺍﺳﺔ. ﺗﺮﺍﺟﻊ.
ﺗْﺮﺍﺟَﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ:
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ﺭﺍﻓﺲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺭﻓﺲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺟﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻴّﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮّﺍﺳﺔ ﻻۤﺑﺴﲔ
ﺗْﺮٔﺍﻓَﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺍﻓﻊ ﺍﳋﺼﻤﺎﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊـﺎﻛﻢ: ﻋٕﱯ ﲪﺮ.
ﲢﺎﻛﻤﺎ. ﺗﺮﺍﺳَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺍﺳﻠﻮﺍ :ﺃﺭﺳﻞ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ
ﺗْﺮٔﺍﻓٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻘﺎ :ﺭﺍﻓﻖ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ. ﺑﻌﺾ ﺭﺳﻮﻻً ﺃﻭ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ.
ﺗْﺮٔﺍﻗٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺍﻗﺒﺎ :ﺭﺍﻗﺐ ﻛـﻞ ﻣﻨـﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺍﺳُﻞ.
ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ. ﺗْﺮٔﺍﺷٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺷـﺎﻗﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺮﺍﻗﺒﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﺸﺒﻮﻫﲔ ،ﺗﺮﺍﻗـﺐ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺭﺷﻴﻘﺎً ﺃﻭ ﺗﻜﻠّﻒ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺎﻗﺔ.
ﺳﲑ ﺍﳌﺮﺽ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺷﻴﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺷﻖ.
ﺗْﺮٔﺍﻛﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺍﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺭﻛﺐ ﺑﻌﻀُﻪ ﺗْﺮٔﺍﺿٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺍﺿﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺭﺗﻀﻰ
ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﺗَﺮﺍﻛَﻢ. ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﻭﻗﻨﻊ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺘْﺮﺍﻛﺘﻮﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :TRACTEUR :ﺍﳉﺮّﺍﺭ ﺍﻵﱄ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺑﻌـﺮّۤﻡ ﻭﺑﻘـﻮﻝ:
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺛﺔ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ. ﺑَﺸﺘﻜِﻲ ﻗﻮﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﺘﺸﺎﻛﻲ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺂﻝ
ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ ﻳﺸﺘﻘﻮﺎ ﻣﻦ :ﺗَﺮَﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻮٓﺭ. ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮّﺏ.
ﺗْﺮﺍٔﻛﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻊ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﺗْﺮٔﺍﺿٔﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺮﺍﺿﻌﻨﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﻓﻼﻥ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺍﺯﺩﺣﺎﻡ. ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺍﺿﻊ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺍﻛُﻢ. ﺍﻟﺘَﺮٔﺍﻃﻴﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺟﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗَﺮﺍﻃﻴﺒﻮٓ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺗْﺮٔﺍﮔﺪَ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺮﺍﻛﺾ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺭﻛﻀﻮﺍ ﺗﺮﻃﻴﺒﻮ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺮﻃﺎﺑﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺒﺘﻐﺎﻩ :ﳎـﺎﺯ
ﻣﻌﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﻣﻌـﲎ ﺗﺴـﺎﺑﻘﻮﺍ ﰲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻃﱡﺐ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻻﺑﺘﻼﻝ.
ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺾ. ﺗْﺮٔﺍﻋٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺍﻋﻰ.
ﺍﻟﺘْﺮﺍﻡ :ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﻮﺍﻱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺮﺍﻣَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺍﻣَﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺭﻣَﻰ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﳋﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﻋﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﻮ ﺑﻘـﺎ
ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﺗﺮﺍﲨﻮﺍ ،ﺗَﺮﺍﻣﻰ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﳋﱪُ :ﻭﺻﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ. ﻣﻨّﺎ ﻧﺮﺍﻋﻴﻪ؟.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﺎﻱ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﻮﺍﻱ. ﺗْﺮٔﺍﻋٔﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻋﻦ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﭙﻴﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :TROMPETTEﻣﻦ ﺁﻻﺕ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺦ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺳﻴّﺔ. ﺗْﺮﺃﱠﻑ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺃﱠﻑ ﺑﻪ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻓﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺃﻓـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﻮﺍﻱ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﻮﺍﻳٔﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣٔﺄﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺷﺪّ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻻﺯﻡ ﻧﺘﺮﺃﻑ ﲝﺎﻟـﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻘـﲑ
ﺍﳌﺮﺿﺎﻥ.
ﺗْﺮٔﺍﻓَﺲ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
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ﺗَﺮﺍ ﺃﻭٓﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺣﺸﻴﺸﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻞ ﺗﻀﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣٔﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺎﻧﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ:TRAM :
ﺇﱃ ﻃﺒﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ،ﻭﲢﺸﻰ ﰲ ﺟﻮﻑ ﺍﳌﺨﻠّﻞ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺩﰲ ﻗﻀﻴﺐ ﺳﻜﺔ ﻏﲑ ﻧﺎﺗﻰﺀ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭ :WAYﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ.
ﻗﺒﻞ ﻛﺒﺴﻪ. ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( :ﺗﺮﺍﻣﻮِﻱ.
ﺗْﺮﺍﻭٔﺡ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﻭﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﻮﺍﻱ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﻮﺍﻳﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﲨـﻊ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﻓﻌﻼﻩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣـﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﲢﺮﻳﻔﺎﺎ ﺍﻷﺧﺮ .ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻮﻫﺎ ﺇﱃ ))ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ((.
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺘﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨـﺔ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﻮﺍﻱ ﰲ ﺇﻧﻜﻠﺘﺮﺍ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٧٧٦
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﺮﻭﺡ ﻭﲡﻲﺀ. ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺟﻢ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﺮٔﺍﻭﻳﺢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻭﳛﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻲ – ﰲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﺗﺮﺍﻣﻮﺍﻱ ﻟﻠﺮﻛﺎﺏ ﺃﻧﺸﻰﺀ ﰲ ﻧﻴﻮﻳـﻮﺭﻙ
– ﺍﺳﻢ ﻟﻠﺠﻠﺴﺔ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً ،ﰒ ﲰﻴﺖ ﺎ ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﻨﺔ .١٨٣٢
ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﺭﻛﻌﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻭﻳﺢ ﰲ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ ،ﲰﻴـﺖ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ))ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻫﺎ(( ﺹ :١٨٣ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﻮﺍﻱ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ.
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﻭﻳﺢ ﻷﻥ ﺍﳌﺼﻠﲔ ﻳﺴﺘﺮﳛﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ. ﺗﺄﺳﺴﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﻋـﺎﻡ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻋْﻠﻘﻨﺎ ﻣﻌﻚ ﻋﻠﻘﺔ ﺑـﺪﻭﻱ .١٩٢٨ – ١٩٢٧
ﺑﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻭﻳﺢ. ﻭﳌﺎ ﺳﺎﺭﺕ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻧﻈﻤﻮﺍ:
ﺗَﺮﱠﺏ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﻃٔﺮّٔﺏ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَـﺮّﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﺎﻱ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻴﻮﱐ! ﺷﻜﻼ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﻟﻴﻤﻮﱐ
ﻭﻏﲑﻩ :ﻭﺿﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﻟﻴﺠﻒ ﻣﺪﺍﺩﻩ .ﻭﳓـﻦ ﰲ ﻭﺷﺒﺎۤﺑﻴﻜـﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺑﻠﱡـﻮﺭ ﺃﻣّـﺎ ﺿﻬﺮﺍ ﻛﻤﻮﱐ
ﻋﻬﺪ ﺻﺒﺎﻧﺎ ﻛﻨّﺎ ﻧﺮﻣّﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻜﺘﺐ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳌﺮﻣﻠـﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ]ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[ :ﻻﺭﻛـﺐ ﺃﻧـﺎ ﻭﺷٓـﻮﮔﻲ
ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻮﺏ. ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﻣﺎﻧﺔ.
ﺗْﺮٔﺑّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺑّﻰ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺭﺑّﻰ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻧﺰِﻳﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ TRANSIT :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺎﻱ :ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺎﻳﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺭﺑّﻰ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ. ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺇﺭﺳﺎﳍﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺩﻓﻊ
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻜﻤّۤﻞ ﺗﺮﺑﺎﻳﺘـﻚ .ﻳﻨﻌـﻞ )ﺃﻭ ﺭﺳﻮﻡ.
ﻳﻠﻌﻦ( ﺗﺮﺑﺎﻳﺘﻮ .ﺃﺷّﻲ ﻫﺎﻟﺘﺮﺑﺎﻱ )ﺃﻭ ﻫﺎﻟﺘﺮﺑﺎﻳﺔ(. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﲑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :TRANSITAIREﳐﻠّـﺺ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺷٕﺮۤﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺮﺑﺎﻳﺘﻮ. ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﳌﺸﺤﻮﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ.
ﺗْﺮﺑّﺞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻘﲑ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﻭﻫﻠﻖ ﺗْـﺮﺑّﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻧﺸﻜﻮٓﺕ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﳒﻜﻮﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻧﭽﻜﻮﺕ ،ﻣﻦ
ﺷﻮﻱ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑّﺞ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ COATE :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻒ ﻭ TRENCHﲟﻌـﲎ
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﺮﻭﺑَﺞ. ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻞ :ﺛﻮﺏ ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳌﻄـﺮ.
ﺗْﺮٔﺑّٔﺺ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﺑـّﺺ :ﺍﻧﺘﻈــﺮ، ﻭﳚﻤﻊ ﲨﻌﺎً ﻣﺆﻧﺜﺎً ﺳﺎﳌﺎً.
ﺗْﺮﺍﻫَﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺗـﺮﺍﻫﻦ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ :ﲣـﺎﻃﺮﻭﺍ،
ﺗﺴﺎﺑﻘﻮﺍ.
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ﺗﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﲑ ﺑﺪﺭ ﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ: ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ،ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﻟﺒﺚ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﻄﻠﺲ ﺹ.۲٣۲ ﰲ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣٕﺲٕ ﻟْﻨﺎ ﺣﻮﺳﺔ ﻋﺎﳊﻮﺵ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺭ :ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣﻦ ﳛﺮﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺳﺎﻭﻳﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪّﻭٓ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺺ ﺭﺑﺼﻮ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺑﺼﺖ
ﻣﺪﺍﻓﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻃﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﺎﺀ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﰊ. ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭﻳﺸﺔ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﻄﻠـﺲ ﺹ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺭﺑﺺ.
.١٥٤ ﺗْﺮٔﺑّٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑّـﻂ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺗﺮْﺑﺔ ﻻﻻ] :ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﻊ ﺷﺮﻗﻲّ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﲜﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑﻂ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻼّﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﺎﱐ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﳏﺎﻃﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﻘﺎﺑﺮ. ﺗْﺮٔﺑّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ
ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﻻﻻ(( ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﻃﻔـﺎﻝ، ﺃﻭ ﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ.
ﺍﳋﺎﺩﻣﺔ. ﺗْﺮٔﺑّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺑّﻊ ﰲ ﺟﻠﻮﺳﻪ :ﺛـﲎ ﻗﺪﻣﻴـﻪ
ﺗﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﳍﺮﻭﻱ: ﲢﺖ ﻓﺨﺬﻳﻪ ﳐﺎﻟﻔﺎً ﳍﻤﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳍﺮﻭﻱ ﻭ))ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ(( ﻟﺴﻮﻓﺎﺟﺔ ﺹ .١٨١ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[:
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮٔﰊ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻮﱃ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﻦ ﰲ ﺍﳌـﺪﻓﻦ. ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟۤﻚ ﺑﻴﺘﲔ ﻭﻣﺮﺑّﻊ ﻳﺎ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺒﺎﺯ ﺍﳌﺮﻗّﻊ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺮﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺭ. ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻚ ﻃﻨﻔﺴﺔ ﻭﺳﺪّﺍﺟﺔ ﻭﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﺃﻣّﻚ ﻭﺑﺘﺘﺮﺑّﻊ
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴّﺔ. ﺗْﺮٔﺑّﻚ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﻚ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﺘﻌﺘﻊ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ،
ﺍﻟﺘَﺮٔﺑﻴۤﺰَﺓ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ :TRAPEZA :ﺍﳋِـﻮﺍﻥ، ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻞ :ﺳﻘﻂ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﻭﻗﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜـﺪ
ﺍﻟﺴُﻔﺮﺓ ،ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻀﺪﺓ .ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﻴﺰﺍﺕ. ﻳﺘﺨﻠﺺ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﻌﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻳﻄﻴّﻦ ﺎ .ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ: ﻭﳛﺮﻓﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ :ﺗﻠﺒّﻚ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﻌﺎﺕ. ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮْﺑۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺮﺑﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺮﺍﺏ ،ﺍﳌﻘﱪﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴَﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺭﺑّـﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻟـ َﺪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗُﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺗُﺮﺑﺖ ﻭﺗُﺮﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺭ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺭﻉَ ﻭﻏﲑﳘﺎ ﳑﺎ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ،ﻭﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺭﺑّﺐ ﺍﻟﺴـﻔﺮﺟﻞَ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﻘـﱪﺓ ﺇﱃ :ﺗُـﺮَﺏ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ :ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﳌﺮﺑّﻰ .ﻭﲰﻴﺖ ﺣـﺪﻳﺜﺎً ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﺍﳌﻘﱪﺓ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺮَﰊ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴّﺔ.
ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺑﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺮﺑﺔ ﺣﻮّﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺭﻣﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺻﺨﺮﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻟﻠﺮﻳﺎﺿﺔ ﺑﺄﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ. ﻭﺟﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺻﻠﺒﺔ ﻭ....
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﻟِﻲ ﺃَﺏّ ﻟﻜﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ.
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ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮﺗﺎﻱ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﺎﻳﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺭﺗّﻰ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ :ﲡﻬﻴﺰ ﺍﳉﻨﺪﻱ ﲝـﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﻈـﺎﻡ
ﺗْﺮﺗّﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺭﺗّـﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺡ ،ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ
ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ :ﻭﺿﻊ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﰲ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ ﻋﻠﻴـﻚ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ،ﻭﺗﻌﻮﻳﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﻫﻮﺍﻝ.
ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﻳﻠﺰﻡ. ﺗﺮﺑﻴﻪ ﱄ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺮﺑّـﻰ ﺗﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺣﺴـﻨﺔ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺗﱡﺐ. ﺍﳌﺆﺩﺏ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺭﺗّﺐ .ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ. ﺗﺮﺑﻴﻪ ﱄ :ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺼﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺒـﻴﺾ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟـﺖ: ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﻤﻮﻥ ﺗﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻓﻴﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﻪ ﻟِﻲ،
.TERTIP ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺸـﻮﻱ ﺍﳋـﺎﺭﻭﻑ
ﺗْﺮﺟّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﺟّﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﻣّﻞ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻧﺎً: ﺍﻟﺸﻘﻒ ﻳﺘﺒﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﺘﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻼﻕ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻡ ،ﻭﻳﺰﻳـﺪﻭﻥ
ﺃﻣّﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗْﺮﺟّﺎﻩ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﻮﺳّﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ. ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﰉ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﳓﻮ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﲔ ﰒ ﻳﺸﻮﻯ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻨﺘﺮﺟّﺎﻙ ﺗﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻚ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗَﺮٔﺕ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻃﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺑﻌﺪﻩ ،ﳓَﺎﻩ .ﺍﻧﻈـﺮ:
ﺍٕﺑﻨّﺎ. ﻃﺮﺩ .ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺮﺕ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺵ ﺑﺘﺘﺮﺟّﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻔﺮﺟﻠﺔ ﻛﻞ ﺗَﺮّٔﺕ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺮّﺕ ﺍﳉﺤﺶ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺭﻛﺾ،
ﻋﻀّﺔ ﺑﻐﺼﺔ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ:
ﺗْﺮَﺟّﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺟّﺢ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱُ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ :ﻏﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ –ً ١ﺗﺮّ ﰲ ﻳﺪﻩ :ﺩﻓﻊ.
ﻏﲑﻩ. –ً ٢ﺍﻟﺘﺮّ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺫﻳﻦ :ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺾ.
ﺗْﺮٔﺟْﺮٔﺝ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳋﻄﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﺟﺮﺝ ﻭﻫﻮّۤﻩ ﻋﻢ –ً ٣ﺗﺮﺗﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺣﺮﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻋﺰﻋﻪ.
ﲞﻄٓﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺧﻄﻴﺐ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺟﺮﺝ :ﲢـﺮﻙ –ً ٤ﻃﺮّﺩ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺑﻖُ ﺻـﺎﺣﺒﻪ :ﻗـﺎﻝ ﻟـﻪ :ﺇﻥ
ﻭﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ ،ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺭﺟﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺭَﺝّ، ﺳﺒﻘﺘﲏ ﻓﻠﻚ ﻋﻠﻲﱠ ﻛﺬﺍ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺳﺒﻘﺘﻚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﱄ ﻋﻠﻴـﻚ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﰲ ﳏﻠﻪ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﻭﺟﺎﺀ. ﻛﺬﺍ.
ﺗْﺮٔﺟّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺟّﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ. ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪّﻡ ﳔﻄّﻰﺀ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺭﻓﺎﺋﻴﻞ ﳔﻠﺔ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.TROTTER :
ﺗْﺮٔﺟّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺟّﻞ :ﻧﺰﻝ ﻋـﻦ ﺭﻛﻮﺑﺘـﻪ ﺗٕﺮّٕﺕْ :ﺻﻮﺕ ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ﻟﻠﺸـﺮﺏ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠـﻪ
ﻓﻤﺸﻰ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓُ :ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﺟﻞ. ﺍﻟﺼﻔﲑ ﻟﻠﺪﻭﺍﺏ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﳍﻢ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗْﺮۤﺟَﻞ. ﺗْﺮٔﺗّﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﺖّ ﻫﻠﻜﻨﺎ ،ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﻧﺰﻉ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ. ﺍﻟﻄﻨﻔﺴﺔ ﻭﺷﺮﻭﺍﱄ ﺍﳉﻮﺥ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﻠّﻦ ﺗﺮﺗّﻮﺍ ﻭﺭﺟﻌـﻮﺍ
)ﻭﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﻠﻔـﻆ ﻛَﺎﻓـﺎً( :ﻣﺸـﻰ ﻭﱂ ﻣﺘﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺭﺗـﺄ
ﻳﺮﻛﺐ. ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﺓ :ﺷﺪّﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺷـﺪّ ﺛﻐـﺮﺓ
ﺗَﺮْﺟَﻢ :ﻋـﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺗﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻜـﻼﻡَ ﺗَﺮﲨـﺔً: ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﲞﻴﻮﻁ ﲢﺎﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳓﻮ ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ.
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ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﲨﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﻓﺴّﺮﻩ ﺑﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ،ﻧﻘﻠﻪ ﺇﱃ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺃﺧـﺮﻯ .ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟـﻞُ:
ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ: ﺫﻛﺮ ﺳﲑﺗﻪ ،ﻋﻨﻪ :ﺃﻭﺿﺢ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.DROGMAN : ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗۤﺮﺟۤﻢ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻠـﻬﺎ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.DRAGOMAN : )ﻭﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻛَﺎﻓﺎً(.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺳﻴﺔ.DRAGAMAN : ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺟَﻢ )ﻭﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻛَﺎﻓﺎً(.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ.DHRAGHOMANOS : ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﻴﺔ.
ﺗْﺮٔﺟﻮٔﺝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺟـﻮَﺝ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺗَﻨٕﺼٔﻞ ﻟﻴۤﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺘﺮﺟۤﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺭﺝّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮْﺟْﻤﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘَﺮﺟُﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘُﺮﺟُﻤﺎﻥ :ﻣﻦ
ﺑﺘﺮﺟﻮﺝ :ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ. ﻳُﺘَﺮﺟﻢ .ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮَﺍﺟِﻤَﺔ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺘَﺮﺍﺟْﻤۤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﺮﺣﺎﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻌﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺗْﺮﺣّﺐ ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﲨﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﱂ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ،ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻮ ﺑﺘﺮﺣﺎﺏ. ﰲ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺣﻠـﺐ(( ﺟ ١ﺹ١۰٤
ﺗْﺮﺣّﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺣّﺐ ﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺩﻳـﭭـﻴﺰﻳﻦ :ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﻄـﺎﱐ ﰲ ﻗـﱪﺹ
ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻭﻓﺪَﻩ ﻭﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﺐ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ :ﻣﺮﺣﺒﺎً. ﻭﺣﻠﺐ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٧٩١ﻋﻦ ﺗﺮﺍﲨﺔ ﻗﻨﺎﺻﻞ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻗـﺎﻝ:
ﺗْﺮٔﺣْﺮٔﺡ :ﺃﻭ ﺗﻠﺤﻠﺢ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺣﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱُ: ))ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻏﲑ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺤﻴﲔ ﻭﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻬـﻮﺩ
ﻓﺮّﻕ ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻤﻪ ﻟﻴﺒﻮﻝ :ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺻـﺎﺭ ﰲ ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﺗﺮﺍﲨـﺔ،
ﺭﺍﺣﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻀﻐﻮﻃﺎً ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﻭﻟﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﲨﺎﻥ ﺷﺨﺼﺎﻥ ﻳﺪﺧﻼﻥ ﰲ ﲪﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﻭﻳﺴـﻤﻰ
ﺗْﺮٔﺣّٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺣّﻠﻪ :ﻋﺎﻭﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠـﺔ، ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ))ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﻠﻲ(( ﲟﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺭُﺣﱢﻞ. ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻟﻘﻨﺼﻞ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺗﺮﺍﲨﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻘﻨﺼـﻞ
ﺗْﺮٔﺣّٔﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺣّﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺩﻋﺎ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﲪـﺔ: ﺇﻧﻜﻠﺘﺮﺓ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺗﺮﲨﺎﻧﺎً ﻣﺴﻴﺤﻴﲔ ﻭﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻳﻬﻮﺩﻱ،
ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ. ﻭﻟﻘﻨﺼﻞ ﺑﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ ﲦﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﺮﺍﲨﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻘﻨﺼﻞ ﻫﻮﻟﻨﺪﺓ ﺃﺣـﺪ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺣﱡﻢ. ﻋﺸﺮ ﺗﺮﲨﺎﻧﺎً ﻣﺴﻴﺤﻴﲔ ﻭﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻳﻬـﻮﺩﻱ ،ﻭﻟـﻮﺯﻳﺮ
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﺮّﺍﺀ :ﺇﺎ ﻏﲑ ﻓﺼﻴﺤﺔ .ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻏـﲑﻩ: ﻧﺎﭘﻮﱄ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﺗﺮﺍﲨﺔ ،ﻭﻟـﻮﺯﻳﺮ ﺇﺳـﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﺮﲨﺎﻧـﺎﻥ،
ﺇﺎ ﳊﻦ. ﻭﻟﻘﻨﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺴﺎ ﲦﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﺮﺍﲨﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻘﻨﺼﻞ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﻴﺎ ﲬﺴﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺩﺧﻠۤـﺖ ﺗﺘـﺮﺣّﻢ ﻃﻠﻌۤـﺖ ﺗﺮﺍﲨﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻘﻨﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻳﺪ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﺗﺮﺍﲨﺔ.
ﺑﺘﺘﻮﺣّﻢ )ﺃﺻﻠﻪ :ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺗﻌﺰﻱ ﺟﺎﺭﻫـﺎ ﺑﻮﻓـﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﲨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴّﺔ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺒﻖ ﻭﻳﺘﻤﺘﻌﻮﻥ
ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻭﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﲢﻤﻞ ﻧﻄﻔﺔ ﻭﻟﺪ(. ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﻭﻳﻌﻔﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺍﺋﺐ((.
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ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺍﺷﺘﺒﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳُﺜﺒﺖ ،ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠـﻒ ﺍﻟﺘَﺮﺣﻴﻠۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺣﻴﻠﺔ :ﻣﺎ ﻳُﺮﺣﱢﻠﻚ.
ﺇﻟﻴﻪ. ﺗٔﺮْﺣﲔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺩﱡﺩ. ﺗۤﺮۤﺣﲔ :ﺍﻷﻳﺎﺋﻞ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸـﺮﻕ ﺱ
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ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﻭﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻮﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﻴـﻮﻡ: ﺗﺮﺳﻮ ﻋﺮﻳﺾ ﺃﻭ ﺿﻴﻖ.
ﻣﺴﻔﻨﺔ. –ً ٣ﺗﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﺸـﻤﺲ
ﺗْﺮٔﺳّﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺳّﺐ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻢ ﺑﻀﻬﺞ ،ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺹ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻣﻦ ))ﺭَﺳَﺐ(( :ﺫﻫﺐ ﺳﻔﻼً. ﺗَﺮٔﺱ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺮﺱ ﺃﺟﺮﻳﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻴﻂ ،ﳎﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺳﱡﺐ. ﺗﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻏﻠﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﳌَﺘﺮﺱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺮﺱ.
ﺗْﺮٔﺳﺘٔﻖ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺭﺳﺘﻖ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺘﻬﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗَﺮٔﺱ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﭽﻮﺍﻝ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘْﺮٕﺳْﺘٓﻖ. ﻣﻸﻩ ﺟﻬﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻊ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺮَﺱْ :ﻣﻸ ،ﺃﻓﻌﻢ.
ﺗْﺮٔﺳّﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺗْﺮﺳﱠﻢ ﰲ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺘﻮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺮَﺯ.
ﻣﻦ ﺭﺳّﻢ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺪﺭ ﺗَﺮٔﺱ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗَﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﱂ ﻳﻜـﻦ
ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺭﲰﻲ ﺑﻌﺪّﻩ ﻣﻮﻇﻔﺎً. ﺑﺸﻜﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘَﺮْﺱ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺴﻲ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺗْﺮَﺳّﻢ ﻗﺴّﻴﺲ: ﺍﻟﺘَﺮٔﺱ] :ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻫـﺎﻟﺘَﺮﺱ ﻫﺎﳌـﺎ
ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﺳﻘﻒ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺴﻴﺔ. ﺑﺴﺘﺤﻲ ..ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﺱ :ﺍﻟﺪﻳّﻮﺙ .ﻭﱂ ﻧﺴﻤﻊ ﻟﻪ
ﺗْﺮٔﺳْﻤَﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﲰﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲨﻌﺎً ،ﻭﺣﺪﺛﲏ ﺻﺪﻳﻖ ﺃﻥ ﲨﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘَﺮَﺳﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘَﺮَﺳﺎﺕ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ :ﺃﻱ :ﺣﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺒﻠﻐـﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﻭﻫﻢ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ))ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻀﺐ(( ﺇﺫ ﺭﺩّﻫـﺎ
ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺴﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺭﲰﻞ. ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘِﺮﺱ :ﺧﺸﺒﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺧﻠﻔـﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻻ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﺮﲰﻞ ﻣﻨّﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﺣﺪ.
ﺧﺼﻤﻪ ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪّ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺗَﺮَﺱ ﺍﻧﺘﻪ :ﻳﻮﻫﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘَﺮْﺳﻴﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎﻟﺴـﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺳـﻴﺲ، ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺗۤﺮّﺍﺳﺎﻧﺘَﻪ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﳌﻘﺪّﺳﺔ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﺪﺓ ﺳﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﲰﺎﱄّ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺿﻮﻝ ﺣﱴ ﺗَﺮّٔﺱ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗَﺮّﺱ ﺃﺟﺮﻳﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻴﻂ :ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ
ﺑﻠﺪﺓ ﺗﺮﺳﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺟﻨﻮﰊّ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺿـﻮﻝ ،ﻭﺗﺮﺳـﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺗﺮﺱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻃﺮْﺳﻮﺱ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻃٔﺮﻃﻮﺱ، ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮْﺳٔﺎﻕ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺮﺳﺎﻕ ﻫﺎﳊﻮﺵ ﻋﺠـﺒﲏ،
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺑﻠﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﺔ :ﻣﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﻃﺮْﻃﻮﺱ. ﻭﻛﻞ ﺷﻐﻞ ﻫﺎﻟﺰﳌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺎﻟﺘﺮﺳﺎﻕ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ:
ﺗْﺮٔﺷّﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﺷّﺢ ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ :ﲢﻠّﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺘﺎﻕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺭﺓ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻕُ :ﺳﺎﻝ ،ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺀُ ﲟﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ :ﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣـﺎ ﺍﻟﺘَﺮْﺳﺎﻧَﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ،
ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺃﻱ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺸﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺮﺷّﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﺔ
ﺑﺘﺮﺷّﺢ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﻳﺰ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺮﺷّﺢ ﻋﺎﳉﺐ.
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ﺗْﺮٔﺻّٔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﺻﱠﻊ: ﺗﺮٔﺷّﺢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺻﺒّﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎۤﺭﺩﺓ ﻭﺗﺮﺷّﺤﻨﺎ ،ﳎﺎﺯ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺻﱠﻌﺎً ﺃﻱ :ﺭُﻛﱢﺒﺖ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻫﺮ ﰲ ﺫﻫﺒﻪ. ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮَﺷﺢ ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ .ﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬـﺎ :ﺃﺻـﺎﺑﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﱰﻟـﺔ
ﺗْﺮٔﺻّٔﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺻّﻒ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻓﺪﺓ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺭَﺻَﻒ. ﺗْﺮٔﺷّﺢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺮﺷّﺢ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻟﻠﻨﻴﺎﺑﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺗْﺮٔﺻْﻮٔﺹ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺻﻮﺹ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺭُﺷﱢﺢ ﺃﻭ ﻫﻮ ﺭﺷّﺢ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺷّﺢ ﻧﻔﺴَـﻪ
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺭﺹّ. ﺃﻭ ﺭﺷّﺤﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻟﻴُﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﳑﺜﻼً ﳍﻢ ،ﻟﻸﻣﺮ :ﻴﺄ ﻭﺗﺄﻫﻞ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺭﺹ ﻭﺭﺻﻮﺹ ﻭﻓﻌﻮﻝ. ﻟﻪ.
ﺗْﺮٔﺿّٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺿّﺎﻩ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﺭﺿﺎﻩ. ﺗْﺮٔﺷّﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺭﺷُـﺪ
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺿﱢﻲ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻫﺘﺪﻯ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎﻡ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴــﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﻋﻮﺗــﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺿــﻴﺔ ،ﻭﰲ ﺗْﺮٔﺷﺮٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺷـﺮﺵ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﻋﻮﺗَﺎ ،ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺎﺑﻌﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﻘﻠﺐ ﺿﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺵّ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻓﺮّﻗﻪ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻴﻨﺎً ،ﻷﻤﺎ ﻻ ﺿﺎﺩ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﺫﻛﺮ ﺗﺮﺷﺮﺵ ﻛﻌﺎﺩﺗﻪ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺘﺮﺿﱠﻰ ﺗﺮﺷﺮﺵ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞُ :ﺳﺎﻝ ،ﺗﻔﺮّﻕ ،ﺗﻨﺎﺛﺮ ،ﰒ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺗﺮﺷّﺶ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻨﺘﺮ. ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﺯﳚﻬﻢ[ :ﻃﺮﺍﻕ ﻃﻨﻄﺮﺍﻕ ﺧـﺎﺭﻭﻑ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺂﻣﻦ ﻭﺑﺮُﻭ ﻋﺎﳌُﻮﻟـﺪ
ﳏﺸﻲ ﻣﻌﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻘﺎﻕ ﺷﺪّﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺍﻧﻮ ﺑﺘـﻬﺮّ ﺗﻴﺘﺮﺷﺮﺵ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺯﻫﺮ ﺑﺒﻼﺵ ،ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻟﻚ
ﻋﻀﺎﻣﻮ ﺗﺮﺿّﻮﺍ ﻋﻨﻮٓ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺸﺎﻕ!. ﻋﻨﻮ :ﻟﻮ ﺻﺢّ ﻟﻠﻮ ﻗﱪ ﺑﺒﻼﺵ ﺑﺘﺸﻄّﺢ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺗْﺮٔﺿﺮٔﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺿﺮﺽ :ﺗﻜﺴّﺮ ،ﺗَﻔَﺘّﺖ، ﺗْﺮٔﺷّٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺎﻗﺔ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺗﺄﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺮﺍﺷﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺷﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺷﻴﻖ.
ﺑﺸﻲﺀ ﺁﺧﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺭﺽ ﻭﺗﺮﺿﻮﺽ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺗﺮﺷّﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺍﺣﺘﺪّ
ﺗْﺮﺿّٔﺾ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺿّﺾ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺭﺽﱠ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺷﻴﻖ] :ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣـﺎ ﺷـﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺷْـﻘٔﺪ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﺮﺿﺮﺽ ﻭﺗﺮﺿﻮﺽ. ﺗﺮﺷﻴﻘﺎﺗﻚ ﺑﺎۤﺭﺩﺓ ،ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺎﻗﺔ ﻛﻤﺼﺪﺭ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻗﺎﻝ – ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋﺎﺩﺗـﻪ –: ﺗْﺮٔﺻّٔﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺮﺻّﺪﻭ ﻭﻫﻮّﻩ ﻣﻌﺪﻱ ﻭﻃﻌﻨـﻮ
ﺗﺮﺿّﺾ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺑﻮﻟﻎ ﰲ ﺭﺿّﻪ ﻭﺩﻗّﻪ. ﲞﻨﺠﺮﻭ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﺻّﺪﻩ :ﺗﺮﻗّﺒﻪ ،ﺭﺻﺪﻩ.
ﺗﺮﺿْﻮٔﺽ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺿﻮَﺽ ﺗْﺮٔﺻّٔﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮَﺻﱠﺺ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗﻼﺻـﻖ،
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺭﺽّ. ﺭُﺹّ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺭﺽ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻭﺗﺮﺿﻮﺽ ﻭﺗﺮﺿﺾ.
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ﺭَﻏّﻰ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻏﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮﻃﺎﺏ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻃﻴﺐ.
ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻪ ﺭﻏﻮﺓ. ﺗْﺮٔﻃّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﻃّﺐ :ﺍﺑﺘﻞّ ،ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺭﻃّﺒﻪ.
ﺗْﺮٔﻏّٔﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺭﻏّﺒـﻪ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺮﻏﺐ. ﺍﻟﺘَﺮَﻃﻴﺐ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻃﻴﺐ.
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮْﻏٓﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘِﺮﻏَﻞّ ﻭﺍﻟﺘِﺮﻏَﻠّﺔ ﻭﺍﻷُﻃْﺮُﻏُﻠﺔ: ﺗْﺮٔﻋّٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﻋّﺖ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔُ :ﺭﻋﺖ.
ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤَﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﱪّﻱ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ.TRIGHON : ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻋﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻑ :ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺮﻏﻠّﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸـﺎﻡ ﻭﻗﻤﺮﻳـﺔ ﺗْﺮٔﻋّٔﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻋّﺐ.
ﲟﺼﺮ ﻭﺷﻔﻨﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ :ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﻋﺎﻣّـﺔ ﺗْﺮٔﻋﺮٔﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﻋﺮﻉ
ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﻏُﻞ. ﺍﻟﺼﱯ :ﻧﺸﺄ ﻭﺷﺐّ.
ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ﺗْﺮٔﻋّٔﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭَﻋَﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺗَـﺮْﻧٓﺠْﻼٓ ﻭﺗَﺮْﻧٓﺠـﻮﻻٓ، ﺣَﻤُﻖ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﻮﺳّﺦ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ :ﺗَﺮْﳒﻼَ ﻭﺗﺮْﻧٓﺠﻮﻻَ )ﻭﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺮﻋﻦ.
ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻛَﺎﻓﺎً(. ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮﻋٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺮﻋﺔ :ﺮ ﻋﻤﻴﻖ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺑـﲔ
ﺍﻟﺘَﺮٔﻑ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻌّﻢ. ﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﻭ ﲝﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻣﻀﻴﻖ ﳛﻔﺮﻩ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﲔ ـﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﻭ
ﺗْﺮٔﻓّﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭَﻓّﺲ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﲝﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻳﺲ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺭَﻓﺲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗُﻮﺭﻋٓﻨـﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـﺔ:
ﺗْﺮﻓّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﻓّﻊ :ﺗَﻌﻠّﻰ] .ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺮﻓّﻊ ﺗﻮﺭﻋﻨَﺎ.
ﺑﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﲑ ،ﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻓّﻌﻪ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺮﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘُﺮﻉ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺭﺩّﻭﺍ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺣﺪّﺩَ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ. ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ١٣ﺹ : ٤٥٢ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﺮﻋﺔ .
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻓّﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻱ ﻭﺍﻟـﺘﱰﻩ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﺎۤﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻛـﺄﻧﻮ ﻓـﺘﺢ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﺎﻳﺎ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻋﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﻓﱡﻊ. ﺗٕﺮْﻋِﻲ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺮّﺓ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ:
ﺗَﺮﻋﺎۤ :ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨
ﺗْﺮٔﻓّٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﻓّﻖ ﺑﻪ :ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻪ ﺑﻠﻄﻒ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﲪﺔ :ﺗﺮﻓﻘﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﻛﲔ. ﺹ .١٨٥
ﺗْﺮٔﻏّٔﻰ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
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ﺭﻗّﻢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺘﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺮٔﻓّٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺮﻓّﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﲔ ﺑﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳّﻴۤﻦ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻗْﻢ :ﻛﺘﺒﻪ. ﺃُﺻﺤﺐ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﻓّﻖ ﺑﻪ :ﺭﺍﻓﻘﻪ.
ﺗْﺮٔﻗّٔﻦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺮﻗّﻦ ﺍﲰﻮ ﻣﺎﻟﺪﻓﺘﺮ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺭﻓﻖ ﻭﺭﻓﻖ ﻭﺭﻓﻴﻖ.
ﺷُﻄِﺐ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ :ﺗﺮﻗّﻦ ﻗﻴﺪﻭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَـﺮَﻗّﻦ: ﺗْﺮﻓّﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﻓّﻪ :ﺗَﻨﻌّﻢ ،ﺗَﻮﺳﱠـﻊ ﰲ ﻋﻴﺸـﻪ
ﺍﺧﺘﻀﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﺮِﻗﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮَﻗﻮﻥ :ﺍﳊﻨّﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺃـﻢ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺡ.
ﻟﺪﻯ ﺷﻄﺐ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﻄﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﳊﻨّﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ. ﺗْﺮٔﻗّٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﻗّﻰ ﺍﳉﺒﻞَ :ﺻﻌﺪﻩ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻠّﻢ:
ﺗْﺮٔﻗﻮٔﺹ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻮﺻﺔ ﺭَﻗِﻲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳎـﺎﺯﺍً
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺭﻗﺺ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ. ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻗﱢﻲ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻱ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻠـﻮّ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒـﺔ .ﻭﻣﺼـﺪﺭﻩ:
ﺗﺮﻙ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴّﺔ :ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺧﻼّﻩ ،ﻃﺮﺣﻪ ،ﺃﳘﻠـﻪ، ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻗّﻲ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﳚﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮﻗﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘٕﺮﻗﺎﻳﺔ.
ﺃﻏﻔﻠﻪ ،ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﻻً :ﺧﻠّﻔﻪ ،ﻭﺑﻪ ﲰـﻮﺍ ﳐﻠﻔـﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺧﻠﻊ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ ﺳﺎﺩ ﺣﺰﺏ ﺍﻻﲢـﺎﺩ
ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﻭﻛﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﺔ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻭﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻗﻲ ﺍﳌﺎﺳﻮﱐ.
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ :ﺍﻧﺘﺮﻙ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺮٔﻗّٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﻗّﺒﻪ :ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺮﻩ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮْﻙ ﻭﻣﺘﺮﻭﻛﺎﺕ ﻭﺗَﺮَﻛﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﻗﱡﺐ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺮَﻙ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ. ﺗْﺮٔﻗّٔﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺮﻗّﺪ ﻟﻮٓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻲ ﺳﻜﺮﺗﻮﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺄﺫِﻱ ﺗَﺮﻛﻮ ﺃﻭﻟَﻰ ،ﺗْﺮﻛـﻮ ﻣﻠﻴﺢ ﻭﺭﺧﻴﺺ ﺗﻴﺠﻮّﺯ ﺍﺑﻨﻮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ
ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻭ ،ﺗﺮﻛﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻮ. ﻣﻦ ﺭﻗﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕُ :ﻛﺴﺪﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻨﺘﻈﺮ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺷﺮﻁ ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺔ ﺗَﺮْﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻔﺔ .ﻣـﻦ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﻛﺴﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﻟﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺧﻴﺺ.
ﺗَﺮﻙ ﺷِﻲ ﻋﺎﺵ ﺑﻼﻩ. ﻭﻟﻮ ﻗﻠﺖ ))ﺗﺮﻗّﺪ(( ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ))ﺗﺮﻗّـﺐ(( ﻛـﺎﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﺎﺷِﻲ ﻳٕﺼﻠَﺢ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻮ ﺃﺻﻠَﺢ. ﻭﺟﻴﻬﺎً ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﻧﺎﻡ ﻋﺎﳊﺼﲑ ﻭﺍﺗﺮﻛﺎ ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺑﲑ ،ﺍﳌـﺎ ﰲ ﺧﻴۤـﺮ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﻨّﻲ ﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﻣﺘﺮﻗّۤﺪ ﺍﷲُ ﻋﻠﻴﻢ.
ﺗﺮﻛﻮ ﺃﺧﻴۤﺮ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﳒﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً(. ﺗْﺮٔﻗّٔﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻗّﻊ ﺍﻟﺜـﻮﺏ.
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮْﻙ :ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺮﻙ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ :ﺷﻌﺐ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻃﻮﺭﺍﱐ ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﻛﺴﺘﺎﻥ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﺗْ ٔﺮﻗّٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﻗّﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺭﻗﻴﻘﺎً ،ﻟـﻪ:
ﰲ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺗﺒﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ. ﺭﻕّ ﻟﻪ ﻗﻠﺒُﻪ.
ﻭﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺳﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﺳـﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺗْﺮٔﻗّٔﻢ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺳﻨﺔ ،١٥١٦ﻭﻇﻠﺖ ﲢﺖ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ ﺣﱴ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻤﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺹ.٩٦
٢٩٤
ﺍﻵﻥ ﻏﺮﰊّ ﺗﺮﻛﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭﰲ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻙ ﺑﻜﻴﻞ ﻭﺑﻨﺎﻭﻝ
ﺍﻟﻘﻔﻘﺎﺱ. )ﺃﻱ :ﻳﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ(.
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ))ﻗﻴﺰﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﺵ(( ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻠﺔ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ
ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ :ﺳَﺮْﺥ ﺳَﺮﺍﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻤﻴﺔ: )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﱂ ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻬﺎ(.
ﺫﻭﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ،ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﻌﺮﺎ :ﺍﳊﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﻩ. ﺗْﺮٔﻛّﻰ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺗﻜﺄ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻠﺲ ﻣﺘﻤﻜﻨـﺎً،
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻓﺌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺴﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻩ ﺇﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ ،ﻭﻗﻴﺰﻳـﻞ ﺟﻠﺲ ﻭﺃﺳﻨﺪ ﻇﻬﺮﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺷﻲﺀ ،ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺑﺎﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﻏﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻌﺔ. ﻋﺼﺎﻩ :ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺳﻲ. ﺃﻭ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﻮﻛﺄ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺼﺎﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ :ﺗﺮﻛﻤﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻤﻮﺭﻳﺔ :ﺹ، ١۰١ ﻭﲢﻤّﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ.
ﻭﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﳏﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺹ.١٤٣ ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺗْﺮَﻛّﻰ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﺎﻳـﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻤﺎﻥ :ﺰّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻗﺎﻝ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﺩﺗـﻪ – :ﺗَﺮَﻛّـﻰ:
ﻗﺎﻭﻭﻕ. ﺍﺭﺗﻜﻰ.
ﺗْﺮٔﻛّﻦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺮﻛّﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺷـﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﺗْﺮٔﻛّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﻛّﺐ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ ﺭﻛّـﺐ
ﺗَﺮﺗّﺐ ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻨﻈّﻢ .ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻭﺿﻊ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ،ﺗﺮﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮُﻛﻦ :ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ. ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺗﺄﻟّﻒ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﺮﻛۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘَﺮِﻛﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘَﺮْﻛﺔ :ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺮﻛـﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﻛﱡﺐ.
ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﻟﻮﺍﺭﺛﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺮﻛﺒّﺖ ﺷْـﺒﺎۤﺑﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﻳـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮْﻛﻲ :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻙ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺑﻮﺍۤﺭﻳّﺎ ﻭﺣﻨﻔﻴّﺎﺗﺎ .ﺍﳍﻴﻄﻠﻴـﺔ ﺑﺘﺘﺮﻛـﺐ ﻣﺎﻟﻨﺸـﺎ ﺃﻭ
ﺗٕﺮْﻛِﻲ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﳏﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺣﻠـﺐ ،ﺗﻌـﺪّ ﻣﺎﳊﻠﻴﺐ.
١٧۰ﺧﻴﻤﺔ ،ﻭﳍﺎ ﻓﺮﻉ ﰲ ﺳﻬﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺏ. ﺗْﺮٔﻛّﺰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻛّﺰ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﺍﻟﺘَﺮْﻛﻴﺒۤﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺯﳌﺔ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺔ ﺃﻭٓﻋَﻰ ﻣﻨّﻮ، ﻏﺮﺯﻩ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﺛﺒﺘﻪ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺒﺔ :ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﻃﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﻟﺒﻴﺘـﻮ ﺍﳉﺪﻳـﺪ
ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻞ ﺗﺮﻛّﺐ ﻟﻠﺤﺬﺍﺀ. ﻭﺗﺮﻛّﺰ .ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﲝﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺑﻌـﻴﺶ ﻣﺘـﻬﻨّﻲ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣَﻠَﻖ ﺍﳊَﻤَﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺟﻦ ﻳﺮﻛﺐ ﻭﺑﺰﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﰲ ﻗﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺣﻮﻟﻮ.
ﰲ ﺁﺫﺍﺎ ،ﲰﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﳚﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺔ. ﺗْﺮٔﻛّﻢ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺟﺘﻤـﻊ
ﻭﲨﻌﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻛﻲ. ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺯﺩﺣﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﺮٔﻝ :ﺍﺻﻄـﻼﺡ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘـﻲ ﺣﺪﻳـﺚ، ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮْﻛْﻤَﺎﻥ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘُﺮْﻛُﻤﺎﻥ :ﺷﻌـﺐ ﻃﻮﺭﺍﱐ ﺭﺣّﺎﻝ
ﻛﺎﻟﺒـﺪﻭ ،ﻧـﺰﺡ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﻛﺴﺘـﺎﻥ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻨــﻪ ﺇﱃ
ﺳﻮﺭﻳـﺔ ﻭﺳﻜﻨـﻮﺍ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌـﺪﻥ ،ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫـﻢ
٢٩٥
ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ))ﺗﺮﻟَﻠﱢﻲ(( ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻔﻈﺔ ﻳﺮﻣﺰ ﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊﻤـﻖ ﻻ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺗﺰﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﻠﺤﻴﻨـﻪ،
ﺗﻨﺴﺐ ﺇﱃ ﻟﻐﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ. ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺳﺪّ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﲡﺴﻴﺪ ﻧﻐﻢ ﻻ
ﻭﳓﻦ ﻧﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺪﻣﻨﺎﻩ ﻣﻊ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻣﻨﺎ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻟﻪ ،ﻛﺠﺎﱎ ﻭﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﻳﺎ ﻻ ﻭﻳﺎ ﻟَﻼ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻴﻞ.
ﻟﻠﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻨﺎ ﭼﻠﱯ ﻭﳏﺒﺘﻨﺎ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻴﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﻬﻮﻧﺎﻢ[: ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ))ﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﻹﺻﺮ(( ﺹ ٦٧ﺃﻥ ))ﺗﺮﻝ((
ﻣﻌﺎﻫﺪﺍﺕ ﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻳﻮﰊ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻹﻓـﺮﻧﺞ ﺳـﻨﺔ )ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ( :ﺟﺎﻫﻞ ،ﺃﲪـﻖ ،ﺃﺭﻋـﻦ ،ﺳﺨﻴـﻒ،
٥٨٧ﻫ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :Tèrmeﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳊـﺪّ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ))ﻻﻟﻮﻻٓ(( .ﰒ ﺯﺍﺩ :ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻋﺘﱪﻧـﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ
ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻞ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﲨﻌﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺗﺮﻭﻡ. ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ))ﺗﺮﻯ(( :ﻣﻦ ))ﺭﺃَﻯ ﻳﺮﻯ(( ﻟﻠﺘﻨﺒﻴـﻪ ﲟﻘـﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﺘَﺮْﻣٔﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣٔﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﻳﺎﻢ :ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺘﻬﺎ ))ﺍﻋﻠﻢ(( ،ﻭﻣﻦ ))ﻟَﻠﱢﻲ(( ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ :ﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻘـﻞ
ﻓﻼﻥ ﺳﺨﻴــﻒ ،ﺃﻣـﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻋﺘﺒـﺮﺕ ﻛﻠﻤـﺔ
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ﺍﻟﺘَﺨﻢ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﺗﻄﺮﻕ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﺑّﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﺏ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻟﻮﺯﺍﺕ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ :ﺗﺎﺭﻣـﺎ:
ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﰊ ﺷـﺎﻣﺔ :ﻣـﺆﺭﺥ ﺫﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻝ.
ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ،ﻭﺃﺧﻄﺄ ﻣﻦ ﻇﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻳﺔ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻝ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻱ ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻨـﻪ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻂ ))ﺭﻣﺎﻳﺔ(( ،ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻳﺒـﺪﻭ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻠﺔ :ﺱ ١ﺹ٣۰١ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﻏﻠﻰ ﺑﺪﻟﺔ.
ﱄ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﻣﻰ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺭ. ﺣﻴﺚ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺗﺮﻣﻪ .
ﺗَﺮْﻣَﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺮﻣﺴۤﺖ ﻗﺮﻋﺘﻮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻻۤﺑﺴۤﺔ ﺑﺪﻟﺔ ﺗﺮﻣﺎ
ﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺿﺮﻭﺳﻬﺎ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺘـﺮﻣﺲ: )ﺃﻭ ﺗﺮﻣﻪ(.
ﻛﺒﲑﺓ. ﺍﻟﺘَﺮﻣﺎﻧۤﺔ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻣﻮﺍﻱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻳﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﱯ ﺑﻴﲏ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻚ ﺃﻧﺎ ﰲ ﺳﻴﺎﺣﺎﰐ ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ ﺗٕﺮْﻣَﺎﻧِﲔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺭﻡ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ:
ﻋﻤﻠﺘﺎ ﺑَﺤﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﺭﺍﻗﺐ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺫﻛﺮﻳﺎﰐ ﺷﻔﺖ ﻃْﺮﳝﻴﻨﲔ :ﺍﳌﺨﺎﺩﻉ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻼﱄ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠـﺔ
ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﰲ ﺧﺮﺍﺳﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺒﲎ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺿﺮﻭﺱ ﻗﺮﻋﺘﻮ ﺿـﺮﻭﺱ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٥
ﻗﺮﻋﺔ ﺗﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻻ ﺷﻚ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺎﻭﻭﺍ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻋﺎﻥ ﺑﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺷﻠﺤﺖ ﺃﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮَٓﻣﻨﺎٓ:
ﻗﺮﻋﺔ ﻫﺎﻟﺰﳌﺔ ﺃﻭﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻋﺎﺕ. ﻛُﻮَﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﱭ) .ﺣﻠﺐ .(٧۰
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮﻣُﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘُـﺮﻣُﺲ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ: ﻭﳓﻦ ﻧﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﲰﻬﺎ ﻛﻔَﺮ ﺩْﺭٕﻣّﺎﻧﲔ ﻣـﻦ
:THERMUSﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﺫﻭ ﺣﺐ ﻣﻔﺮﻃﺢ ﻛﺤﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻﻮﻟﻴﺔ ـﺎﻓﺔ،
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴـﺔ)) :ﻛَﻔَـﺮ(( :ﻗﺮﻳـﺔ)) ،ﺩْ(( :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻹﺿـ
ﻣﺮّ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﻢ ﳛﻠﻮ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﻘﻌﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺗﺒﻠـﻎ ))ﺭﻣّﺎﻧﲔ(( :ﺍﻟﺮﻣّﺎﻥ ﺃﻱ :ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻣّﺎﻥ ،ﻓﻬـﻲ ﺑـﺎﳌﻌﲎ
ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺘﲔ ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻋﻠﻔﺎً ،ﻭﺗﺰﺭﻋﻪ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻛﱪﻣّﺎﻧﺎ ﰲ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ :ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﻣّﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻋﻨﺔ. ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺗﺮﻣﺎﻧﲔ ﻓﻴﺰﻋﻤـﻮﻥ ﺃـﺎ ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ
ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺗُـﺮْﻣُﺲ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴـﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ: ﺩﻳﺮﻣﺎﻧﲔ ،ﻭ))ﻣﺎﻧﲔ(( :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺭﺍﻫﺐ.
ﺗﻮﺭﻣﻮﺳٓﺎ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗﻮﺭﻣﻮﺳَﺎ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﲏ :ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻲ ﺣﻠﺐ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺲ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﻓّﻘﲔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻔﺘﻴﺎً ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ١٢٩٣ﻫ.
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.ALTRAMUZ : ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﲏ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ،ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻣﻔـﱵ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻣﺮﻳﺔ ،TAR–MUSU :ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻟﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺎﺕ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ.١٣۰٥
ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﲰﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻣﺮﻳﺔ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﲏ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﺍﳌﻔﱵ ﰲ
ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﰲ ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺗﻪ. ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﻟﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺎﺕ ،ﻣﺎﺕ ﺱ ١٢٥۰ﻫ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺗﺮﻣَﺲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟٕﺘﺮْﻣﺎﻳﺔ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻔﻴــﻮﻥ :ﺿـﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻔـﻼّﺡ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ. ﺗﺮﻣـﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺧﻂ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴـﻢ،
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮﻣٓﺲ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳـﺔ .THERMOS :ﻋـﻦ ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺘِـﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴـﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ
ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ :THERMOS :ﺳﺨـﻦ ،ﻭﺍﻻﺻﻄـﻼﺡ
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ﺍﻟﺘَﺮﻣﻮﺱ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺒﺰ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﻳﻌﺠﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﰊ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳛﻔﻆ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ
ﻣﺮﻳﻘﺎً ﰒ ﻳﺼﺐ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻧﺎﺭ ﺍﳉﻠﺔ ﻭﺗﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳉﻠـﺔ، ﻣﺪﺓ.
ﻭﻟﺪﻯ ﺃﻛﻠﻪ ﻳﻘﺤﻄﻮﻥ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻩ ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺳﻰ ،ﺑﻨﻮـﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﲰﻪ
ﺭﻣﺴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻏﻄّﺎﻩ ﻭﺩﻓﻨﻪ ،ﻷﺎ ﺗﺪﻓﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ. ﻫﺬﺍ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺃﺧﺬﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘُﺮﻣﺴَﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺩﺍﺏ ﲢﺖ
ﺍﻟﺘۤﺮﻣﻮٓﻣۤﺘﺮ:ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :Thermomètrèﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ: ﺍﻷﺭﺽ .ﻭﲰﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﺗُﺮﻣﻮﺱ ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ :ﺍﻷﺭﻳﺜﺔ،
ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ. ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﺻﺎﻏﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭّﺙ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﲔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻞ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﻮﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ. ﺣﺪﻭﺩﺍً ،ﻭﺍﻷُﺭﺛﺔ :ﺍﳊﺪّ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﲔ.
ﺗَﺮٔﻥ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺘﻄﺮﻓﺔ[ :ﺗَﺮﻧّﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ :ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻇﻤﺔ ،ﺻﺎﻏﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻈـﻢ
ﻋﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﻗﺒﻚ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃﻧﱢﻲ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﳍﺠـﺔ ﺍﻟﻘِﺮﺑﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﻸﻫﺎ ﻣﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻈﻢ ﺷﺪّ ﺭﺃﺱ
ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ. ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﰒ ﺳﺪ ﺭﺃﺳﻬﺎ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺛﺎﻟﺜـﺔ:
ﻭﻳﺼﺮﻓﻮﺎ :ﺗَﺮَﻧّﻲ ﺗﺮَﻧّﺎ ﺗﺮﻧﱠﻚ ﺗﺮﻧّۤﻚ ﺗـﺮﻧْﻜٓﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺋﻈﺔ ،ﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﺻﺎﻏﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻅ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺐ.
ﺗﺮﻧّٓﻮ ﺗﺮﻧّﺎ ﺗﺮﻧّٓﻦ. ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﻟﻌﻞّ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻇﻤﺔ ﺧﲑ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘْﺮٕﻧْﺞ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻧﺞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ٢٧ﺹ .١٥٥
ﺍﻟﺘْﺮٕﻧْﺠﺎﻧﺔ :ﺿﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺣﲔ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﳊَﺒَﻖ. ﺗْﺮٔﻣّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﻣّﻠﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓُ :ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﺃﺭﻣﻠـﺔ،
ﰲ ))ﺷﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ(( :ﻋﺎﻣﻲ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ: ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﺎﺗﺖ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﺗْﺮَﻧْﺞ. ﺗْﺮٔﻣّﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺮﻣّﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﺫُﺭّ
ﺍﻟﺘْﺮٔﻧْﺠﺒْﲔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻄْﻠَﻨْﺠﺒﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘَـﺮَﻧْﺠَﺒﲔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻞ ﻟﺘﺠﻒ – ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺐ – ﻛﻤـﺎ ﰲ ))ﺗـﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﺮﻥ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻞ.
ﺩﺍﻭﺩ(( ،ﺃﻭ ﻋﺴﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﻯ – ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ))ﻣﻔـﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﺑـﻦ ﺗَﺮْﻣْﻼ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﺓ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴـﺔ:
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺎﺭ(( .ﻭﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺍﳌَﻦّ ﺍﳊﻠﻮ ﺍﻷﺑـﻴﺾ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ٣٨ ﺗﺮﻣﻼ :ﺍﳌﺰﻭَﺩ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﻷﲰﺮ ﻳﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ. ﺹ ،١٨٥ﻭﺍﳌِﺰﻭَﺩ :ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮﺿﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺩ.
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ :ﺍﳌﻦّ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﳌﻦ. ﺗْﺮٔﻣّﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺮﻣّﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﳒﻜﻮٓﺕ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻧﭽﻜﻮﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻧﺸﻜﻮﺕ. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻣّﻢ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ –.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻧﺸﻜﻮﺕ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺗﺮﻣّﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺗﺘﺒﻌـﻪ
ﺗْﺮٔﻧّﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗـﺮﻧّﺢ: ﺑﺎﻹﺻﻼﺡ.
ﺗَﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜﺮ. ﺗﺮﻣٔﻪ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺮﻣﺎ.
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ﺗﺮﻭٓﺑﺞ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺭﺑﺞ. ﺗْﺮٔﻧْﺪَﺝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻧـﺪﺝ،
ﺗْﺮﻭٓﺑٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗـﺮﺑّﺺ. ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺘﺮﻧﺪﺝ :ﺻُﻘِﻞ ﻭﻫُـﺬّﺏ ﻭﺟﻌـﻞ ﻣﺴـﺘﻮﻳﺎً
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎً.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﺮﻣﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺎﺀ :ﺗﺮﻭﺑﺼـﺖ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺗﺮﻧﺪﺟﺖ ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻮ ﻷﻧﻮ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺔ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﲤﺎﺳﻚ ﻭﺭَﺷُﺪ :ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻋﻢ ﲟﺸﻲ ﻣﻊ ﻧﺎﺱ ﻣﻼﺡ.
ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﺰﻣﻮﻉ ﻣﻠﻄﻮﺵ ﻫﻠّﻖ ﺗﺮﻭﺑﺺ ﺷﻮﻱ. ﺗْﺮٔﻧّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮﻧّﻢ :ﻃﺮّﺏ ،ﻏﻨّﻰ ﺣﺴﻨﺎً ،ﺭﺟّﻊ
ﺍﻟﺘْﺮﻭٓﺗﻮﺍﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :TROTTOIR :ﺍﳌﻤﺸﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻮﺗﻪ.
ﺟﺎﻧﱯ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻉ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﻒ ،ﺍﻟﻄِﻮﺍﺭ .ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﻧﱡﻢ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻭﺗﻮﺍﺭﺍﺕ. ﺗَﺮْﻧْﻴَﻪ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ:
ﺗْﺮٔﻭّٔﺝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻭّﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻌﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺗﻮﺭﻧﻴﺘﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺓ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ
ﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﺮﻭﺝ ﻭﺗﻨﻔﻖ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ :ﻧﻀﺞ ﻭﻴّﺄ. ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٥
ﺍﻟﺘَﺮﻭﺩ] :ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﺷﺮﺍﻢ[ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺪّ ﻣﻦ ))ﺩﻳﺮ ﺗْﺮٔﻫّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﻫّﺐ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺎً ﻭﺍﻧﻘﻄـﻊ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺭ(( ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﺮﻳﺪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﺒـﺰ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ .ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﻫﱡﺐ.
ﻳﻔﺖ ﻭﺗﺼﺐ ﻓﻮﻗﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻮﺧﺔ ﺑـﺎﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺑﻜﺘـﻞ ﺗْﺮٔﻫْﺒَﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻫﺒﻨﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ،ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﺼﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﺍﳌﻘﻠﻲ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺮﻭٓﺣٔﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗْﺮﻭٓﺣٔﻦ :ﻧﻔّﺲ ﻛﺮﺑﻪ ،ﺷﻌﺮ ﺗْﺮٔﻫّﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻬّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺗَـﺮِﻑ
ﺑﺮﺍﺣﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺿﻴﻖ .ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺭﻭّﺡ ﻗﻠﺒَـﻪ: )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗَﻨَﻌّﻢ.
ﺃﻧﻌﺸﻪ ﻭﻃﻴّﺒﻪ. ﺗْﺮٔﻫّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺮَﻫّـﻞ :ﺻـﺎﺭ ﺭَﻫِـﻼً ﺃﻱ:
ﺗْﺮٔﻭّٔﺽ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻭّﺽ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻣﺴﺘﺮﺧﻴﺎً ﳊﻤُﻪ ،ﻣﻨﺘﻔﺨﺎً.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﺔ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﺃﻭ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻭّﺽ ﺗْﺮﻭّٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﻭﱠﻯ :ﺗَﻔﻜّﺮ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺗَﺮَﻭّﺃ ﰲ
ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺽ ﻭﺍﳊﺪﺍﺋﻖ. ﺍﻷﻣﺮ – :ﻭﺗﺴﻬّﻞ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ – :ﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺗﻔﻜّﺮ ﰲ ﻇﺮﻭﻓﻪ
ﻭﻛﻼ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻴﲔ ﻣـﻦ ))ﺭﺍﺽ(( ﺍﻟـﺪﺍﻝ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﻋﻮﺍﻗﺒﻪ.
ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ. ﺗْﺮﻭّٔﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻭّﺍﻩ ﲟﻌـﲎ
ﺗْﺮٔﻭّٔﻕ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺮﻭّﻕ ﺳﺤﻠﺐ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺃﺭﺍﻩ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺭﻭﻯ.
ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﺡ ﺇﺫ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻳﻘﻪ. ﺗْﺮﻭّٔﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻭّﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻏﲑﻩ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺭﺍﺋﺒﺎً ﺃﻱ ﺧﺎﺛﺮﺍً.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﺪّ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ﺍﳋﺎﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ ﻟﻴﻤﻴﻊ.
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ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗﻮﺭَﻳﺎ. ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻣﻨـﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻭﻳﻘـﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤـﻊ:
ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮﻳٔﺎﻕ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻳﺎﻕ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘِﺮﻳـﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻭﻳﻘﺎﺕ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻄِﺮﻳﺎﻕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ :THIRYAKOS :ﻣـﻦ :THIR ﺗْﺮﻭّٔﻡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﰲ ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻃﺎ ﺑﺘﺮﻭّٔﻡ ﺍﳌﻲ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻡ ﻭ :YAKOSﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺩﱠﻯ :ﺍﻟـﺪﻭﺍﺀ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻭﱠﻡ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻣـﺔ
ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺸﻔﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻮﻡ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺴﺘﻨﻘﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺗﻘـﻮﻝ :ﺍﻟﺮﻭٓﻣـﺔ –
ﻭﰲ ))ﻣﱳ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ(( :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳﺎﻕ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻌـﺮّﺏ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﻓﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺭﻭﱠﻣۤﺖ ﺍﳌﻲ.
ﻭﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﻋـﻢ ﺑﺘّﺮﻳـﻖ، ﺗْﺮۤﻯ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻻّﻝ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺰﺍﺩ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻭٓﻧﻮٓ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭّۤﻩ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﻀﺤﻚ ﻟﻴﺪﺍﻭﻱ ﺳﻢ ﻋﺪﺍﻭﺗﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﺬﺍ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﺮۤﻯ ،ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺔ :TRE :ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛـﺔ.
ﺑﺪﺍﺋﻊ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﻢ. ﻭﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ))ﻋَﻠَﻰ(( ALA :ﻓﺤﺮﻓﻬـﺎ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻃُﻮﺭْﻳٓﻘٓﺎ ﻭﺗۤﺮٔﻳﻘِﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ، ﺍﳊﻠﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ ))ﻋَﻠَﻰ(( ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺻـﻠﺔ ﺣﻠـﺐ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﻃﻮﺭﻳﻘَﺎ ﻭﺗﺮﻳﻘِﻲ. ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴــﺔ :ﺗٕﺮﻳــﺎﻙ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴــﻴﺔ: ﺍﻟﺘٕﺮۤﻯ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺗﺮﻯ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻻ ﺧـﲑ
.Thériaqueﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.THERIAC : ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺃﻭ ﻻ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻻ ﻋﺎﺋـﺪﺓ ،ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ ﺍﻟـﺬَﺭَﻯ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﺎ ﳚﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳﺎﻕ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻨَﺪﻱّ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪّ
ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﺒﻴﺐ ﺍﳍﻮﻯ ﺑـﺎﻟﻔﺮﺍﻕ .ﻭﺃﻭﺭﺩ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜـﻞ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﻫﻢ.
ﺍﻷﺑﺸﻴﻬﻲ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻄﺮﻑ(( :ﺟ ١ﺹ.٤٣ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺮﺍٓ :ﺗَﺒﻠّـﻞ ،ﻭﺗَﺮﻳـﺎٓ :ﺍﳋﺒـﺰ
ﺗٕﺮْﻳﺎﻛِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﻳـﺎﻙ: ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻮﻝ.
ﺍﻷﻓﻴﻮﻥ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺜﺮﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﻭﺻـﻞ ﺍﻟﺘـﺮۤﻯ
ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻃﻰ ﺍﳌﺨﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺈﺩﻣﺎﻥ. ﻟﻠﺘﺮۤﻯ.
ﺍﻟﺘْﺮِﻳﺖ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﺮﻳﺪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻫﺸﻴﻢ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ﻳُﺒﻞّ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺑﺰّ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻤـﺔ ﺗٕـﺮۤﻯ،
ﲟﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ. ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺭﻃﺒﺎً ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻗﺮﺏ ﻭﻻﺩﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﺩﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺭ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺛَﺮﻳﺪ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺘْﺮﻳّﺎ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳّﺎ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺜُﺮﻳّﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺛﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘَﺮﻭﺩ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺛﺮﻳـﺪ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﳒﻮﻡ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ ﲰﻮﺍ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻨـﺪﻳﻞ ﺫﺍ ﺍﳌﺼـﺎﺑﻴﺢ
ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ﻭﺛﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ. ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ،ﻭﻗﺒﻼً ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺼﺎﺑﻴﺤﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﻮﻉ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻳـﺖ
ﻭﰲ ﲪﺺ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳﺖ :ﺗَﺮْﺩۤﺓ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠـﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭﻝ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ.
ﲪﺎﺓ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮٓﻳﺪﺍٓ. ﻭﺍﻟﺜُﺮﻳّﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗُﻮﺭَﻳﺎٓ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺮﻳﺪﺍ.
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ﺍﻟﺘْﺮﻳۤﻦ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴـﻴﺔ :TRAIN :ﺍﻟﻘﻄـﺎﺭ ،ﻭﰲ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ:
ـﺔ .TRENO :ﻭﰲـﺔ ،TRAIN :ﻭﰲ ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳـ ﻻ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﺬّ ﻵﻛﻞ
ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﻄُﺮِﻥْ. )ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺮﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ(.
ﺗْﺰﺍﺣﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﺍﺣـﻚ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ :ﺍﻗﺘـﺮﺏ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻔﺘّﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺍﺕ
ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺣﺘﻜـﺎﻙ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺷﺌﺖَ ﻓﺎﺻﻨﻊ ﱄ ﲞﺒﺰﻙ ﺗﺮﺩﺓً
ﺟﺴﻤﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺟﺴﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻬﻤﺎ. ﻭﺍﺳﻘﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺩﻫﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺼﺒﻮﺏِ
ﺗْﺰﺍﺣٔﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﺍﲪﻮﺍ :ﺗﻀﺎﻳﻘﻮﺍ ،ﺗﺪﺍﻓﻌﻮﺍ. ﺃﻛﺜِﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﱭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ...
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﺍﺣُﻢ. ﺗْﺮﻳّﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻳّـﺢ ﺍﻟـﱵ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗْﺰﺍﲪﺖ ﺍﻷﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻋـﺮﺝ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺣﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﲟﺸِﻲ ﻗﺪّﺍﻡ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺮﻳّﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃُﺑﻘـﻲ
ﺗْﺰﺍﺯَﻯ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺰﺍﺯﻳۤﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﺎۤﻛﺮﺟﻲ ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﺣﺎﺗﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎﺭُﻕ ﻟﻴﺨﺘﻤﺮ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ.
ﺷﻔﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﲔ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻣﺘﺰﺍﺯِﻱ ﻣﻨّﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗَﺸﺎﺀﻡ، ﺗْﺮﻳﺪﻳﻦ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺯﺍﺯﺍ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺯﺍﺯﻯ. ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺗﺮﻳﺪﻳﻦ :ﺍﻟﺜﺮﻳﺪﺓ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ:
ﺗْﺰﺍﻋٔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺍﻋَﻞ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٥
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺯﻋﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﻠِﻖ ﻭﻫﻠِـﻊ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺗْﺮﻳّﺲ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺮﺃَﺱ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﺎً.
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺴﺨﻂ ﻭﺍﳊَﺮَﺩ ﻭﻋـﺪﻡ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻴـﺎﺡ ﺗْﺮﻳّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻳّﺶ :ﺧﻠﻂ
ﳊﺎﺩﺙ. ﻭﻣﺰﺝ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺰﺍﻏٔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰَﻏَـﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﺍﻟﺘْﺮۤﻳﻔِﻞ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ،ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻐﺶّ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺘﺰﺍﻏَﻞَ :ﻏﺶّ. ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :Trèfle :ﺯﻫﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻠﺔ ،ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﰐ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﺰﻭٓﻏﻞ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺗﺰﺍﻏﻞ. ﻭﺍﻟﺴَﻨَﻚ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ.
ﺗْﺰﺍﻳَﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﺍﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻌﺔ :ﺯﺍﺩ ﻛﻞ ﺗْﺮٔﻳّٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﳌـﺎﺀ:
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﰲ ﺳﻌﺮﻫﺎ. ﺻﺒّﻪ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺗﺒﻮّﻝ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﺍﻳُﺪ. ﺍﻟﺘْﺮﻳﻜﺔ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳـﺔ :TRICK :ﺍﻟﺴـﺤﺐ،
ﺗْﺰﺑّٔﻂ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺗﻈﺒّﻂ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎً ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻟﻮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺼـﻔﻘﺔ
ﺗْﺰَﺑّﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺰﺑّﻠـﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺢ.
ﺳُﻤّﺪﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﺑﻞ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳﻜﻮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :TRICOT :ﺿـﺮﺏ ﻣـﻦ
ﻣﻦ ﺯﺑّﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺯَﺑَـﻞ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ :ﲰّـﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻛﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻜﱰﺍﺕ ﻳﻨﺴﺞ ﺑﺈﺑﺮﺗﲔ.
ﺑﺎﻟﺰِﺑﻞ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ :ﺍﻠﺪ ١۰ﺹ .٩٢٦
ﺗْﺮٔﻯ ﻟٔﻠٔﻢْ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﺘَﺮٔﻝ :ﲡﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻐﻢ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻣﻢ
ﺃﻭﺭﻭﭘﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺮﻝ.
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ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻋﺮﻧﺔ ﻻﺑﺴﺘﻮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠـﻦ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﺮﻧـﺔ. ﺗْﺰﺑْﻠٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺑﻠﻖ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ :ﺍﻟﺘْﺰﻋﺮٓﻥ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ٢٣ﺹ.٢٤٥ ﺗْﺰَﺣﺰَﺡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﺣﺰﺡ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺯﺣﺰﺣﻪ.
ﺗْﺰَﻋْﺰَﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﻋﺰﻉ :ﲢـﺮّﻙ ﻭﺗﻘﻠﻘـﻞ، ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺯﻋﺰﻋﻪ. ﺗْﺰَﺣﻠٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﺣﻠﻖ :ﺗﺪﺣﺮﺝ ،ﺗَﻨَﺤّﻰ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺰﻋﺰﻉ ﺇﳝﺎﻧﻮ –ﻧﻌﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ –. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﳉﻤّـﺎﻝ :ﻣـﺎ
ﺗْﺰَﻋّٔﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰَﻋّﻢ :ﺗﻜﻠّﻒ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﲣﺬﻫﺎ ﺑﺘﺬﻛّﺮ ﺭﺑّﻮ ﺇﻻ ﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﺰﺣﻠﻖ ﲨﻠﻮ.
ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﺯﻋﻴﻤﺎً. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﺘﺰﺣﻠﻖ ﺍﻷﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻗـﺮﻉ
ﺗْﺰَﻏﱪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻏﱪ. ﲟﺸﻲ ﻗﺪﺍﻡ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺰﺧﺮٔﻑ :ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺗﺰﻏﺮﻑ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻏٓﱪ. ﺗَﺰﺧﺮﻑ :ﺗﺰﻳّﻦ.
ﺗْﺰَﻏّٔﺮ :ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ :ﺗْﻈﻐّﺮ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﺗْﺰَﺭْﺩﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺯﺭﺩﻣـﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻏّﺮ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﺍﶈﺮﻓـﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺻـﻐّﺮ ﺧﻨﻘﻪ ،ﺍﺑﺘﻠﻌﻪ .ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺪﻏﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻱ ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ:
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(. ﺍﺯّﺭﺩﻣﻮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺩﻣﺔ.
ﺗْﺰﻏﺮٔﻑ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺗْﺰﺧﺮﻑ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺰﺭّٔﺭ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺗﻈٔﺮّﺭ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَـﺰﺭّﺭ
ﺗْﺰٔﻏﺰٔﻍ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺰﻏﺰﻏﺖ ﻧﻴﺘﻮ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﻴﺺ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺯﺭﺍﺭ ،ﺷُﺪﺕ ﺃﺯﺭﺍﺭﻩ ﻭﺃﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﰲ
ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻏﺰﻍ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻯ .ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺪﻏﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻱ ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﺯّﺭّٔﺭ.
ﺗْﺰَﻓّﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻓّﺖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺰٔﺭْﺯٔﺭ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺗْﻈﺮﻇﺮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﺰَﻓّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻓّﺮ. ﺯﺭﺯﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺯَﺭّ ﻗﻤﻴﺼﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺷـﺪّ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺃﺯﺭﺍﺭﻩ ﻭﺃﺩﺧﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻯ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻗﺎﻝ – ﻛﻌﺎﺩﺗﻪ – ﺗَﺰَﻓّـﺮ: ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺪﻏﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟـﺰﺍﻱ ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ:
ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻓﺮ. ﺍﺯّﺭْﺯﺭ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﺃﻫﺎﱄ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﺘﺰﻓّﺮﻭﺍ ﰲ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺰﺭﺯﺭ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺐ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻓﻴﻪ
ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ. ﻛﺘﻞ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻛﺎﻷﺯﺭﺍﺭ.
ﺗْﺰَﻛّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﻛّﻰ :ﺗﺼﺪّﻕ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﻣﻌـﲎ ﺗْﺰﻋْـﺮٔﻥ] :ﻳﻘـﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﻋـﻢ ﺑﺘـﺰﻋـﺮﻥ
ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﻬـﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘـﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣـﺎ ﻳﺘﺼـﺪﻕ
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ﺧﻂ ﳝﲔ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ ﻭﲢﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ ﺯﻣّـﻚ. ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﺗﻄﻬّﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ .ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗﺰﻛّﻰ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻛﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﻛﺎﻳﺔ.
ﺗْﺰَﻧْﺪٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﻧﺪﻕ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﻳﻘﺎً. ﺗْﺰﻛّﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺯﻧﺪﻳﻖ. ﺯﻛﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺰٔﻧّﺮ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺗْﻈﻨّﺮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰَﻧّـﺮ :ﻟـﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﺰْﻛِﻴﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺒﻮْﺍ ﺭﺋـﻴﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺰﻛﻴـﺔ،
ﺍﻟﺰﻧّﺎﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺪّ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺳﻄﻪ .ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻓﻮﺯ ﺍﳌﺮﺷﺢ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺲ.
ﺍﻹﻧﻜﺸﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺑﻌﺮﺽ ﺯﻧﺎﺭﻩ. ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﻛﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﶈﺎﻛﻢ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﺸـﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳍﻴﺌـﺔ
ﺗْﺰٔﻧْﻄٔﺮ :ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ﺗْﻈﻨﻄﺮ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﺸﻮﻓﲏ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻵﻥ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻜﻤـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﲪﺎﰐ :ﺑﺘﻈّﻨﻄﺮ ﻣﲏ ،ﻭﺍﷲ – ﻳﺎ ﲨﺎﻋﺔ – ﻣﺎ ﺳـﺎﻭﻳﺖ ﻳﺰﻛﻲ.
ﻟْﻼ ﺷِﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺰﻧﻄﺮ :ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﻩ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻀﺐ .ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﻄﺎﺭﻳّﺔ: ﺗْﺰَﻟّﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَـﺰَﻟّﺞ:
ﺍﳌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺇﺳﻬﺎﻝ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗﺰﻟّﻖ .ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻟّﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟـﺜﻠﺞ .ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﺰﻟّﺞ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ))ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﺃﻣﺜـﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻮﺻـﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻠﺠﻲ ﻣﻘﺘﺒﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺮﻭﺝ ،ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿـﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ(( ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴَﻨﻄﺮﺓ :ﺍﳊﺪّﺓ ،ﻭﻓﺎﺗﻪ ﺃﻥ ﰲ ﺳﻮﻳﺴﺮﺍ ﻭﴰﺎﱄ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻄﺮﺓ ﻻ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ. ﺗْﺰﳊﻒ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺴﻠﺤﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺴﻠﺤﻒ.
ﺗْﺰَﻧﮕﻦ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺰﻧﮕﻞ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗْﺰﻟﺰَﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﻟﺰﻝ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺯﻟﺰﻝ.
ﺯﻧﮕﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻐﲏّ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺰَﻫّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﻫّﺪ :ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ. ﺗْﺰَﻟّٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻟّﻂ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰَﻫﱡﺪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗﺰﻭٓﺑٔﻖ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺗﺰﻳﺒﻖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺰَﻟّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰَﻟّﻒ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺗﻘﺮّﺏ.
ﺗْﺰَ ّﻭٔﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﻭّﺩ :ﺍﲣﺬ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺩ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣـﲑ ﺗْﺰَﻣّﺖ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺬﻣّﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﻐﻀّﺐ.
ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎً ﺇﱃ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻪ :ﲪﻠـﻪ ﻣﻨـﻪ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﲔ ﺑـﻪ، ﺗْﺰَﻣْﺮٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺮﺍﻗـﻲ.
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗَﺰَﻳّﺪ ﻣﻊ ﺗَﺰَﻳّﺪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺰﻭّٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰَﻭّﺭ :ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟـﺰﻭﺭ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻣﻴﻚ :ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﻣﻴﻜﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﳋﻄّـﺎﻃﲔ:
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﺎً ﻟﺰﻭّﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ ،ﻭﺯﻭّﺭﺍﻟﻨﻘـﺪ ﻭﺯﻭّﺭ ﺭﺳـﻢ ﻇـﻞ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺃﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺤـﺐ
ﺍﻷﻧﺘﻴﻜﺎﺕ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻗَﻠّﺪﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺯﻭﺭ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻏﺎﺓ ﺃﻣﻬﺎﻢ[: ﺗْﺰﻭٓﺯٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻓﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺯﻭّﻕ
ﻋﺎﻟﺘﺲ ﺗﻴﺴۤﺔ ﻭﺗﺲ ﺗﻴﺴﻪْ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺣﺴّﻨﻪ ﻭﺯﻳّﻨﻪ.
ﻭﻋﺮﺳﻚ ﺎﺭ ﺍﳋﻤﻴﺴۤﻪْ ﺗْﺰﻭٓﻏﻞ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺗْﺰﺍﻏﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ .
ﻭﺑَﻌﺰﻡ ﻟۤﻚ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﻱ ﺗْﺰﻳّﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰَﻳّﺎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺫﺍ ﺯِﻱ ،ﻭﺑﺰِﻱّ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡِ:
ﻭﺑﻄﺒﺦ ﺯَﺭﺩَﻩ ﻭﻫﺮﻳﺴﻪْ ﻟﺒﺲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻮﻥ.
ﺗﺲ ﺗﻚ ﺗﺲ ﺗﻚ ﺗﺴﺘﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﺰﻳۤﺒﻖ :ﺃﻭ ﺗﺰﻭﺑﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺑﻌﺮﺳﻚ ﻻﻃﺒﺦْ ﺭﺷﺘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺒﻖ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﲟﻌﲎ ﻃُﻠِﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﺋﺒﻖ.
ﻭﺍﻥ ﻋﻴّﺮﻭﱐ ﺍﳉﲑﺍﻥ ﺗْﺰَﻳّﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻳّﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ:
ﻻﺿﺮﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﭽﻤﭽﺎﻳﺔ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺯﻳﺘﺎً ﺍﻭ ﻃﻼﻩ ﺑﻪ.
ﺗﺲ ﺗﻚ ﺗﺲ ﺗﻚ ﺗﺲ ﺗﺎﱐ ﺗْﺰَﻳّﺪ :ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺗﺰﻭّﺩ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺰﻳّﺪ
ﺭﺍ ﻋﺎﳊﺞّ ﻭﺧﻼّﱐ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺮُ :ﻏﻼ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ ﰲ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻪ :ﺯﺧﺮﻑ ﻭﺯﺍﺩ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺧﻼّﱐ ﺑﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﳉﲑﺍﻥ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺗﻜﻠّﻒ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﻳﺎ ﺭﺑّﻲ! ﻻ ﺗﻨﺴﺎﱐ ﺗْﺰَﻳّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻳّـﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑّـﺔ
ﺗﺲ ﺗﻚ ﺗﺲ ﺗﻚ ﺗﺲ ﺗﻜﻬﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺣﻨﻜﻬﺎ.
ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﺃﻣّﺎ ﻭﺧﻠّﺘﻬﺎ ﺗْﺰَﻳّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰَﻳّﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﻫﻢُ :ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﺯُﻳﻮﻓﺎً
ﺧﻠّﺘﻬﺎ ﺗﺒﻌﻖ ﺟﻨﱯ ﺃﻱ :ﻣﺮﺩﻭﺩﺓ ﻟﻐﺶ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺍﳌﺼّﺎﺻﺔ ﻧﺴﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺗْﺰَﻳّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺰﻳّﻦ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺯﻳّﻨﻪ :ﺣﺴّـﻨﻪ،
ﺗﺲ ﺗﻚ ﺗﺲ ﺗﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻓﻮﻟﻪ ﺯﺧﺮﻓﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻗﺺّ ﺷـﻌﺮﻩ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﻋﻴﻨﻚ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ ﻭﻣﻜﺤﻮﻟﻪ ﺣﻠﻖ ﺫﻗﻨﻪ.
ﻭﺃﺑﻮﻛﻲ ﺷﺐّ ﻭﻏﺎﻭِﻱ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻮﻻ :ﺗﺘﺪﻳّﻦ ﻭﺗﺘﺰﻳّﻦ
ﻭﺃﻣّﻚ – ﻭﺍﷲ – ﻣﻬﺒﻮﻟﻪ )ﺃﻭ ﺗﺪﱠﻳّﻦ ﻭﺗﺰﱠﻳّﻦ(.
ﺗْﺴﺎﺀﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﺀﻝ :ﺳﺄﻝ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ،ﺗﺴﺎﺀَﻟﻮﺍ: ﺗٕﺲْ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ :ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﱐ،
ﺳﺄﻝ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﲰﻲ ﲝﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﻭﻗﻌﻪ ،ﻭﻗـﺪ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﲑﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺒـﺎﺭ
ﺗْﺴﺎﺑﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﺏّ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ :ﺗَﺸﺎﺗَﻤﺎ. ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺰﻭﺝ ﻏﻨﻴﺔ :ﺃﺟﺎﻩ ﺗﺲ ﻭ.....
ﺗْﺴﺎٔﺑﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺴﺎﺑﻘﻮﺍ :ﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً، ﺗٕﺲْ :ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻛﺈﻳﻘﺎﻉ ﻟﻠـﺮﻗﺺ ،ﺃﺧـﺬﺍً ﻣـﻦ
ﺗَﺠﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﺔ .ﻭﰲ ﺗﻄـﻮﺍﻥ :ﺗﺰﺍﺑـﻖ :ﺗﺴـﺎﺑﻖ. ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺞ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﺘـﺮﻗﻴﺺ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﺑُﻖ. ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ.
ﺗْﺴﺎۤﺑَﻦ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺴﻴﱭ.
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ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﻣُﺢ. ﺗْﺴﺎﺟَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﺟﻼ :ﺗﺒﺎﺭﻳﺎ ،ﺗَﺴﺎﺑﻘﺎ.
ﺗْﺴﺎﻣٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﲢﺪّﺛﻮﺍ ﻟﻴﻼً. ﺗْﺴﺎﺧٔﻒ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺴﺎﺧﻒ ﻭﳏﺴّﺐ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ
ﺗْﺴﺎﻣﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻ ﺗٕﺘْﺴﺎﻣَﻚ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻨﺎﺩﺭ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳَـﺨُﻒ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(
ﻏﻠﻴﻈﺎً ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﻤَﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ.
ﺿﺪّ ﺭﻗﻘﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﻻ ﻟﻠﺴﻤﺎﻛﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ. ﺗْﺴﺎﺭٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﺭّ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺃﻃﻠﻊ ﺑﻌﻀـﻬﻢ
ﺗْﺴﺎﻧَﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﻧَﺪ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺪ ،ﺍﻋﺘﻤـﺪ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳِﺮّ.
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﺗْﺴﺎﺭﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﺭﻉ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺑﺎﺩﺭ،
ﺗْﺴﺎﻫَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﻫﻼ :ﺗﺴﺎﳏﺎ ﻭﺗﻼﻳﻨﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻋﺠّﻞ.
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗْﺴﺎﻫﻞ ﻓﻼﻥ ،ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻐﲑ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ. ﺗْﺴﺎﻋٔﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳـﺎﻋﺪﻩ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﻫُﻞ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻋﺎﻧﻪ.
ﺗْﺴﺎﻫَﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﳘﻮﺍ :ﺗﻘـﺎﲰﻮﺍ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺗﺴـﺎﻋﺪﻭﺍ ﻣـﺎ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻻﺷـﺘﺮﺍﻙ ﰲ ﺷﻘﻴﻮﺍ )ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﻀﺎﻣﻮ(.
ﻋﻤﻞ. ﺗْﺴﺎﻋٔﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳـﺎﻋﻔﻪ
ﺗْﺴﺎﻭٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﻭﻳﺎ :ﲤﺎﺛﻼ ،ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻻ ،ﻛﺎﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻋﺎﻧﻪ.
ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ .ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺍﳌـﺒﲏ ﺍﻟﺘُﺴﺎﻋﻴّﺔ :ﺻﻼﺓ ﻟﻠﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﻳﺴـﻤﻮﺎ
ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ :ﺳﺎﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻠۤﺔ :ﻋﻤﻠـﻬﺎ ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ: ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﺎﻭﻳّﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻞ ﻭﺗﺴﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻠﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻋُﻤِـﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈـﺮ : ﺗْﺴﺎﻓَﻞ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺴﻔّﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺳﺎﻭﻯ. ﺗْﺴﺎﻓَﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﻓﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻫﻞ ،ﺳـﻠّﻂ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﻭِﻱ. ﺳﻔﻬﻪ ﺃﻱ :ﺳﻮﺀ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻳﻠـﻮﻝ ﺗْﺴﺎﻗﺐ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺳﺎﻗﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﺘﺴﺎﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻨـﻬﺎﺭ ،ﰲ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺨـﺎﺏ ﺗْﺴـﺎﻭﺕ ﺗْﺴﺎﻗٔﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴـﺎﻗﻂ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﺗﺘـﺎﺑﻊ
ﺍﻷﺻﻮﺍﺕ. ﺳﻘﻮﻃﻪ.
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳـﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺘﺴـﺎﻭﻱ ﺗْﺴﺎﻛﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﻛﻨﻮﺍ :ﺳﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣـﻊ
ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ،ﺍﳌﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻗﲔ ،ﺍﳌﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺍﻷﺿﻼﻉ. ﺑﻌﺾ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻣﺴَﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺎ ﻭﺗْﺴﺎﻭۤﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﺎ ﺗْﺴﺄﱠﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴـﺄﱠﻝ :ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻄﻰ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﳛﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻈﻼﻡ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑـﲔ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻠـﺔ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺳﺄﻝ ﻭﺗﺴﺎﺀﻝ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺸﻌﺔ( )ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ( :ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺪﻭ ﻣﻠﺒّﺴﺔ ﳝﺼﻤﺼﺎ ﺗْﺴﺎﻣَﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﻣﺢ ﰲ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺗَﺴﺎﻫﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ.
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ﺳﺠّﺮ ﺍﶈﺮّﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺠّﺮ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻧﺼﺐ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﲨﻴﻠﺔ ،ﻳﻈﻨـﻮﻥ ﺃـﻢ ﻳﺴـﺠﻌﻮﻥ(
ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺪﻭ ﻛﺮﺷﺎﻳۤﺔ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﺎ.
ﺸﺠّﺮ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗْ َ ﺗْﺴﺎﻭٔﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺳـﺎﻭﻣﻪ
ﺗْﺴﺠّﻊ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺸﺠّﻊ ﻓﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺎﻭﻟﻪ ﰲ ﲦﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻌﺔ ،ﲡـﺎﺫﺑﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺳـﻌﺮ
ﺷﺠّﻌﻪ :ﺟﺮّﺃﻩ ﻭﻗﻮﱠﻯ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ ،ﻭﺗﺸﺠّﻊ ﻓـﻼﻥ :ﺃﻇﻬـﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺗﻜﻠﻔﻬﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗـﺒﺢ ﻋـﺎﺩﺍﻢ:
ﺗْﺴﺠّﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳَـﺠّﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻭﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺒﻴﻌﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺭﺳﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴِﺠْﻒ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺃﻭﺻﻰ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﺑﻨﻪ :ﺳـﺎﻭۤﻡ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻣّﻮﻥ! ﺍﻃﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺷﺎﺕ ﻭﺣﻄﻴّٓﻦ ﻭﺳﺎﻭﻡ ﻭﺳﺎﻭﻡ ﻗﺪّ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻘﺪۤﺭ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻌﺮﻕ ﺍﳉﺒﻴﻨﺎﻥ .ﻭﲰﻊ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄَﺰَﺭ ﻭﺳﺠﻔﻴّٓﻦ ،ﻛﻮٓ ﺍﻣﺒﺎۤﺭﺣﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﺠّﻔﻮﺍ... ﻫﺬﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﻧﺪﻱ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﺑﻞ ﺣﱴ ﺗﻌﺮﻕ ﺍﳋﺼﻴﺘﺎﻥ.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﻃﻮﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻜﻔﻴـﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗْﺴَﺎﻳٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺎﻳﺮ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺳﺎﻳﺮﻩ :ﺳـﺎﺭ
ﻳﺴﺠّﻔﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺼﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﺠﻒ. ﻣﻌﻪ ﻭﺟﺎﺭﺍﻩ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳـﺔ
ﺗْﺴﺠّﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺳَـﺠّﻞ: ﻭﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ.
ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺴِﺠِﻞّ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺗْﺴَﺠّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻛُﺘِﺐَ. ﺗْﺴﺒّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺒّﺐ :ﻃﻠـﺐ ﺍﻷﺳـﺒﺎﺏ،
ﺗْﺴَﺤّﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺤّﺮ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺴَـﺤﻮﺭ ﺃﻱ: ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﺒﺒﺎً ﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌـﲎ:
ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴَﺤَﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺧﺼﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺴَﺤﻮﺭ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ. ﻃﻠﺐ ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﺶ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴَﺤﱡﺮ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺒﱡﺐ.
ﺗْﺴَﺤْﺴَﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺤﺴﻞ ﺗْﺴَﺒّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳـﺒّﻊ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﺤَﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﲔُ :ﺻﺒﺖ ﺩﻣﻌﻬـﺎ .ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺫﺍ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱰﻭﻝ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً. ﺗْﺴﺒّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳـﺒّﻊ
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘْﺴٕﺤْﺴٓﻞ. ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺀَ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻏﺴﻠﻪ ﺳﺒﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ.
ﺗْﺴﺨّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺴﺨّﺮﻩ :ﻛﻠﻔﻪ ﻋﻤﻼً ﺑﻼ ﺃﺟﺮ. ﺗْﺴﺘّﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ:
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺨّﺮ. ﺻﺎﺭ ﺳﺘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺫﺍ ﺳﺘﺔ.
ﺗْﺴﺨّٔﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺨّﻄﻪ :ﱂ ﻳﺮﺿﻪ ،ﺗَﻜﺮّﻫﻪ، ﺗْﺴﺘّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺘّﺮ :ﺗَﻐﻄّﻰ ،ﺍﺧﺘﻔﻰ ،ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺳَﺨِﻂ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺳﺘّﺮ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺘﱡﺮ.
ﺗْﺴَﺠّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ
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ﻭﻗﺒﻼ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻣﺸﺪﺩﻳﻦ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗُﺴﻮﻫﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ، ﺗْﺴﺨّٔﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺨّﻔﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺮﺑﺲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺳَﺨُﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻧﻘﺺ ﻋﻘﻠﻪ.
ﺗْﺴﺮّﺝ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺴﺮّﺝ ﺍﻟﭽﺎﻛﻴﺖ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﺴﺨّٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺳـﺨّﻢ
ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺮّﺝ ﺍﶈﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮّﺝ ﺍﻟﺜـﻮﺏ ﻭﺟﻬَﻪ :ﺳﻮّﺩﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳎـﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺴـﺨّﻢ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧﺎﻃﻪ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﺔ ﻣﺘﺒﺎﻋﺪﺓ. ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻱ.
ﺗْﺴﺮّﺡ :ﺃﻭ ﺗﺼﺮّﺡ ﺍﻟﺸَﻌﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺼﺮﺡ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ :ﲡﻮّﺯﻱ ﲡﻮّﺯﻱ ،ﻛﻮ ﲡﻮّﺯﺕ
ﺗْﺴﺮّﺡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺗْﺴﺮّﺡ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺘﻮ ،ﻣﻦ ﻭﺗﺴﺨّﻤﺖ ﻋﺮﺍﺳﻲ ،ﻭْﻟِﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻈﻲ ﺑَﺸﺘِﻲ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺮّﺡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻜـﺎﻥ :ﺧـﺮﺝ ﻋﻨـﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺗْﺴﺨّٔٔﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺳـﺨّﻦ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﺮﺟﺘﻪ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺘﻪ. ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﻨﺎً.
ﺗْﺴَﺮﺩَﺡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺴﺮﺩﺣۤﺖ ﺍﳌﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴـﺘﺎﻥ، ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﰲ ﻛﺘﲑ ﺃﻛﻼﺕ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺘﺴﺨﻦ:
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺟﺮﺕ ﻭﺗﻔﺮّﻋﺖ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠـﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﻨّﺎ :ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺱ ﲝﺎﻣﺾ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺯ ﲝﻠﻴﺐ ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳌﻬﻠﺒﻴﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺴَﺮﺩَﺡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ. ﺗْﺴﺪﱠﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺪﱠﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞَ :ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﺳَـﺪﺍﻩ،
ﺗْﺴﺮﺳٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳌﻲ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺴﺮﺳۤﻖ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻻﺯﻣﺔ.
ﳚﺮﻱ ﺑﺒﻂﺀ ﻭﻟﻐﲑ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺪﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﺪﺍﻳﺔ.
ﺗﻌﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻮﺍﺗﻴﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺮﺳﻖ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳓﺘﻮﻫﺎ ﺗْﺴﺪﱠﺩ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺴﺪّﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ،ﲣﻴﻠﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟـﺪَﻳﻦ
ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﺭ ﻭﺳﻘَﻰ. ﺛﻠﻤﺔ ﻭﺗُﺴَﺪّ ﺑﺪﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺗْﺴَﺮّٔﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺴـﺮﱠﻉ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ :ﺑـﺎﺩﺭ ﺳﺪّﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﻠﻤﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺭﺩﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺻﻠﺤﻬﺎ.
ﻭﻋﺠّﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻌﺪّﻭﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻭﺑﻔﻲ ﻭﺑـﺎﻟﻼﻡ ،ﻭﻗـﺪ ﻻ ﺗْﺴﺮﱠﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺮﱠﻯ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ :ﺃﺧﺬ ﺳـﺮﱢﻳّﺔ
ﻳُﻌﺪّﻭﻧﻪ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻃﺒﻌﻮ ﻣﺘﺴﺮّﻉ. ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻣﺔ ﺗﻘﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻞ ﺗَﺴـﺮﱠﻯ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪّﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﺮﱡﻉ. ﺗﺴﺮّﺭ ،ﻓﺠﺮﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲢﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻀﻌﻴﻒ ﺇﱃ ﻳﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺍﳍـﻢﱡ:
ﺗْﺴَﺮْﮔﻞَ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺮﻛَﻞ. ﺍﻧﻜﺸﻒ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺮﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﺮﺍﻳﺔ.
ﺗْﺴﻄّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻄّﺮ. ﺗْﺴَﺮّٔٔﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺴﺮّﺏ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ :ﺳﺎﻝ ،ﺟﺮﻯ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﺴَﻄﻌﺶ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ :ﺍﻟﻄﺼﻄﻌﺶ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻌﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﺴﺮّﺑﺖ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ.
ﻋﺸﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(. ﺗْﺴَﺮْﺑَﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺴـﺮﺑَـﺲ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻄﻌﺸﺎﻭﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻄﻌﺸﺮِﻱ.
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ﺍﻟﺘٕﺴﻌﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘِﺴﻌﲔ :ﺗﺴﻊ ﻋﺸﺮﺍﺕ. ﻭﺍﻟﺘَﺴَﻄﻌﺶ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺸَﻌْﺴَﺮ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺗۤﺸﻌﻴﻢ. ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗۤﺸﻌﲔ. ﺍﻟﺘٕﺴﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘِﺴﻊ :ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[)) :ﺇﻳﺎﻙ ﻧﻌﺒﺪ ﻭﺇﻳـﺎﻙ((؟ ﻣـﺎ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ.
ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ،ﻋﺠﺐ ﺳﺒﻌﲔ ﻋﺠﺐ ﺗﺴﻌﲔ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻘـﲑ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﺎﻭﻳﺔ :ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼـﻼﺓ
ﻗﺮﻳﺘﺎ ﺗﺴﻌﲔ ﻷﻧﻮ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﲔ ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ،ﻭﺻﻼﰐ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺗﻘـﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺯﻣـﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸـﺪﺍﺋﺪ
ﺑﺘﺼﺢّ. ﻳﺘﻮﺳﻠﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﺴﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺮﱘ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻸﻫﻢ.
ﺗْﺴﻔّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺳَـﻔّﺮﻩ ﺗْﺴَﻌّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺴﻜﲔ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺣﺎﺭﺗﻨـﺎ ﺗﺴـﻌّﺮ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ. ﻭﺟﺎﺑﻮﺍ ﻟﻮ ﺣﻜﻴﻢ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺻﻴﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺑﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ
ﺗْﺴَﻔّٔﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺴﻔّﻄﺖ ﺷﻴَﺶ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﮔﻴﻞ ﻭﺑﺪّﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺴﻌﺮ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺃﻱ
ﺗﻨﺒﻌﺖ ﻋﺎﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﳌﻪ ﺟﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻭﺿـﻌﺖ ﰲ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺑﺎﺀ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺷﺄﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺼـﻐﲑ
ﺍﻟﺴَﻔْﻂ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻖ ﺃﻭ ﳓﻮﳘﺎ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﲏ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﲑ.
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔّﻂ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴَﻔَﻂ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺗْﺴﻌّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻌّﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ
ﻛﺎﳉﻮﺍﻟﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻔّﺔ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺪّﺭ ﻟﻪ ﺳﻌﺮﺍً.
ﺗْﺴﻔّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﻔّﻞ :ﺗَﱰّﻝ ،ﺍﳓﻂّ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘٕﺴﻌٔﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘِﺴﻌﺔ :ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﻳﻠـﻲ
ﺃﺳﻔﻞ ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻔﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻨـﻮﻱ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﻭﺗﺴﻄﻌﺶ ﻭﺗﺴﻌﺎ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ.
ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ. ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﺎﻭﻱ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴَﻔﱡﻞ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺗٕﺸْﻌﺔ.
ﺸﻔَﻠَﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘَﺴﻔﱡﻞ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﻫَ ۤ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗٕﺸﻌﺎٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗﺸﻌَﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻨﺎ[ :ﺍﳔﺰﻕ ﻋﻘﺐ ﺍﻻﺑﺮﻳﻖ ﺧﺪﻭ ﻳـﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ :ﺗﺸﻮ.
ﺍﺑﲏ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻜﺮﻱ ﻭﻗﻮﻝ ﻟﻮﻳﺴﻔّﻠﻮ ﻣﻠﻴﺢ. ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺎﺕ ﺟﻨﻮﰊ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﳊﺒﺸـﺔ:
ﺗْﺴَﻔْﻠَﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳـﻔﻠﺲ ﺗﺸَﻊ.
ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﻄﻌﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻛـﻞ
ﺗْﺴَﻔّﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﻔّﻪ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺴَـﻔَﻪ، ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﻔﻴﻬﺎً. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻌﺔ ﻣـﺎ ﲟـﻮﺕ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴَﻔﱡﻪ. ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ.
ﺗْﺴﻘّٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻲ ،ﺗﺸﺮّﺏ. ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﲑﺓ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺄﺳﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻘﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻘﺎﻳﺔ.
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ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺃﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻀﻢّ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ. ﺗْﺴٔﻘْﺴٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻘﺴـﻖ
ﺗْﺴَﻜّﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺳـﻜّﺘﻪ ﺍﶈﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻐﺴﻎ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻭﺳﻌﻪ ﺩَﺳَﻤﺎً.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺴﻜﺖ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺳﻘﺴﻖ.
ﺗْﺴَﻜْﺘٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺴﻜﺘﺮ ﻟﻮٓ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠـﻞ ﺗْﺴٔﻘْﺴَﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻘﺴـﻞ
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﻜْﺘَﺮ ﻟﻮ ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻴّﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳٕﻜْﺘۤﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﶈﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻘﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﺻﻘﻞ.
ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺟﺮ. ﺗْﺴٔﻘّٔﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺴﻘﻄﻪ :ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺳﻘﻄﺎﺗِﻪ ،ﺍﳋﱪَ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺳﻜﺘﺮ. ﺃﺧﺬﻩ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﺑﻌﺪ ﺷﻲﺀ.
ﺗْﺴَﻜّﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜّﺞ. ﺗْﺴٔﻘّٔﻂ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺴﻜﲔ ﺍﳊﺎﺝ ﻋﺘﻤـﺎﻥ ﻭﻗـﻊ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻄﻮﺡ ﻭﺗْﺴﻘّﻂ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﺴﻜّﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜّﺮ. ﺳﻘّﻂ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺴﻘّٔﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺳَـﻘّﻒ
ﺍﻟﺘَﺴْﮕﺮﺓ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴْﮕﺮَﻩ :ﲪّﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳﻘﻔﻪ.
ﻣﻦ ﺧﺸﺐ ،ﺃﺭﺿﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺴﻴﺞ ،ﺫﺍﺕ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻘـﺎﺑﺾ ﺗْﺴﻘّٔﻒ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ :ﺗﺴﻘّﻒ ﻓـﻼﻥ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﻣﻦ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎﻫﺎ ،ﳛﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﺮﺣﻰ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺿﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺘﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴَﻘّﻒ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃُﺳْﻘُﻔﺎً.
ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺗﻰ .ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻜﺮﺍﺕ. ﺗْﺴﻘﻤﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻤﻨﺔ.
ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺍﻟﺴَﺤْﻠﻴّﺔ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺴَﻜﺴَﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺴﻜﺴﻚ ﻟـﻮٓ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺗٕﺴْﻘﻴﻂ] :ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﺴﻘﻴﻂ ،ﻭﺗﺴﻘﻴﻂ ﺗﻠﻘّﻮ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﻜﺴﻚ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺗَﻀﺮّﻉ ،ﺗﺬﻟّﻞ ،ﺍﺑﺘﻬﻞ. ﺗﻠﻘّﻮﻟﻖّ ،ﻛﻨﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺴﻘﻴﻂ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺬﺭ ،ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ))ﺗﺴﻘﻴﻂ((
ﺗْﺴﻜّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴَﻜّﻊ ﰲ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺳـﲑﻩ :ﱂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ))ﺳﻘّﻂ(( ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ
ﻳﻬﺘﺪ ﻟﻮﺟﻬﺘﻪ ،ﲤﺎﺩَﻯ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ ،ﲣﺒّﻂ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻈﻼﻡ. ﺳﻘﻂ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﻗﻊ.
ﺗْﺴﻜّﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜّﻒ. ﺍﻟﺘٕﺴْﻘْﻴۤﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﺷﺮﺍﻢ[ :ﻣـﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺸـﺔ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻳﺼﺐّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺸﻴﻢ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ :ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺸـﺎﻡ
ﺗْﺴﻜّﻦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺴﻜّﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻊ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ: ﻓﺘﺴﻘﻴﺘﻬﺎ :ﻣﺮﻕ ﺍﳊﻤﺺ ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻮﺥ ﻳﺼﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺸـﻴﻢ
ﺗَﺴﻜّﻦ :ﺍﻃﻤﺄﻥ ﻭﻭﻗﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﻋـﺪﻡ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ،ﰒ ﻳﻘﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻦ ﻭﻳﺼﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻙ. ﺍﳊﻤﺺ ﻭﻣﺮﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ﻭﻓﻮﻗﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻮﺑﺮ.
ﺗْﺴﻜّﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜّﻦ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ :ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳊﻤﺼﺎﱐ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ. ﻭﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘَﺴـﻘﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ
ﺗَﺴَﻘّـﻰ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻘـﻲَ ﻭﺗَﺮﻭّﻯ ،ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﻥ
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]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﳒﺮﻭﻩ ﺪﻟﺔ ﺗﺴﻠﺤﺐ ﺍﻟﺘَﺴﻜﻴﺘﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺳﻜّﺖ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﺭﺍﺡ. ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻜّﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ
ﺗْﺴَﻠْﺤﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺤﻔﺎﺓ ﺭﺷﻮﺓ ﺍﳌﻮﻇﻒ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺐ ﻗـﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺗـﺮﺍﻙ ﰲ
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻣﺸﻰ ﻣﺸﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺯﺍﺣﻔﺎً ﺑﺒﻂﺀ ،ﺃﻭ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺰﳊﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﻮﺓ :ﺳﻜﻮﺕ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺳﻲ ﺃﻱ :ﺩﺭﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﺕ.
ﻋﻨﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺴﻠﺤﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ. ﺗْﺴَﻠّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﻠّﻰ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺳَﻠّﻰ.
ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( :ﺗﺰﳊﻒ :ﺗﻨﺤّﻰ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﱂ ﺗـﺮﺩ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺰﳊﻒ. ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻼﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻼﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﺗْﺴﻠّﺦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﻠّﺦ ﺟﻠﺪﻩُ :ﺍﻧﺴﻠﺦ. ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺔ.
ﺗْﺴَﻠﺴﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻠﺴـﻞ ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺼـﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻠـﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘﺴَـﺎﻟِﻲ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻭﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺎﺕ.
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗَﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻭﺗﻮﺍﺻﻞ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺗﺴﻨﺴﻞ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺴِﻠﻴﺖ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﻠﺴُﻞ. ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏNOTRE VOYAGE AUXPAYS :
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ﺗْﺴَﻤّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﻤّﻰ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﲰّﺎﻩ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺗْﺴﻠْﻄٔﻦ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺗﺼﻠﻄﻦ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠـﻦ
ﺍﲰﺎً. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺴَﻤّﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺸﻲ ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﺴﻤّﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻟـﻮ ﺗْﺴَﻠّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﻠّﻒ ﺍﳌﺎﻝَ :ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺿﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺑﺮﻛﺔ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﲰّﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺳَﻠَﻔﺎً.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻤﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻤﺎﻳﺔ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻔﻼّﺣﲔ ﺗﺴﻠّﻔﻮﺍ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺒـﺪﺍﺭ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ. ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ﻣﺎﳌﺼﺎﺭﻱ.
ﺗْﺴَﻤّﺪ :ﺑﲎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺗْﺴَﻠّٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴَﻠّﻖ ﺍﳉﺪﺍﺭَ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺻـﻌﺪ
ﺳَﻤّﺪ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴـﻤﺎﺩ ،ﻭﻏـﲑ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺳَﻠۤﻖ :ﺻﻌﺪ.
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺳﻮّﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺴَﻠّﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﻠّﻜﻪ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥَ
ﺗْﺴَﻤّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴَﻤّﺮ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺃﺩﺧﻠﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺴـﻠّﻜﺖ
ﲰّﺮﻩ. ﻛﻠﻤﺘﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺎﺯ :ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻃـﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴـﺬ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺑﺴﻤﺮ ﻭﺗﺒﺴﻤﺮ. ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺎ.
ﺗْﺴَﻤّٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺳَـﻤَﻂ ﺗْﺴَﻠّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﻠّﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳌﻜـﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﳉﺪﻱَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﺘﻒ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﳉﺪﻱ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ،ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘـﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺰﺣﺎﻡ :ﺍﻧﻄﻠﻖ ﻣﻨﻪ ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻔﺎﺀ.
ﺗﺴﻤّﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺳـﻘﻮﻁ ﺗْﺴَﻠّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗْﺴﻠّﻢ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ :ﻗﺒﻀﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺇﺛﺮ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﺳـﺘﻠﻤﺖ
ﻳﺪﺍﻭﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻁ ﲟﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﺪﺍﺝ ﺃﻭ ﲟﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻢ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻠﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﺇﺫ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻼﻡ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻮﻥ. ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺹ ﲟﺴﺢ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﺍﻷﺳـﻮﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒـﺔ
ﺗْﺴَﻤّﻊ :ﺃﻭ ﺍٕﺗْﺴﻤّﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺍٕﺳّﻤّﻊ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴَـﻤﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻒ ،ﻣﺄﺧﻮﺫ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴَـﻠَﻤﺔ :ﺍﳊﺠـﺮ ،ﻭﺻـﻮﺍﺏ
ﻭﺗَﺴَﻤﻊ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺃﺻﻐﻰ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ. ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻤﺖ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﳓﻮﳘﺎ :ﺗﺴﻠّﻤﺖ.
ﺗْﺴَﻤّﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺴﻤّﻊ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍۤﺩۤﻥ ،ﻳـﺮﺍﺩ: ﺗْﺴَﻠّﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ
ﻳﺘﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺠﻴﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺂﺫﻥ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺳُـﻤّﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﻠّﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(. ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﻜۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻐـﻨﻢ ﻭﺳـﻮﻕ
ﻭﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺸﻮّﻕ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩﻥ. ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ :ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻴﻮﺏ
ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﲰّﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ – ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﻛﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻄﻠﻊ ﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﻛﻤﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻟـﺘﻼﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺠﻴـﺪ ﰲ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ :ﺳﻜﻮﺕ ﭘـﺎﺭﻩ ﺳـﻲ ﺃﻱ :ﺩﺭﺍﻫـﻢ
ﺍﳌﺂﺫﻥ. ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﺕ.
ﺗْﺴَﻤّﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﲰّﻜـﻪ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺪّ ﺭﻗّﻘﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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ﺗْﺴَﻤّﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲰّﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡَ
ﺗْﺴَﻬّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﻬّﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺗَﻴﺴّﺮ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴُﻢّ.
ﺗْﺴﻮّٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﻮﻯ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺳﻮﻳّﺎً ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺴﻤّﻤﻮﺍ ﺑﺄﻛﻞ ﺍﳉﱭ .ﺗﺴﻤّﻢ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻋُﻤِﻞ ﻭﺻُﻨِﻊ .ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺩﻣّٓﻦ.
ﺗْﺴَﻮّٔﻯ :ﺗْﺼٔﻴّٔﺮ .ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺗْﺴﻮّﻯ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻮﺍﻱ ﺗْﺴَﻤّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺴﻤّﻦ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﲰﻴﻨﺎً ،ﺻﺎﺭ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﺍﻳﺔ. ﲰﻴﻨﺎً.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺳﻮﻯ ﻭﺳﺎﻭﻯ. ﺗْﺴَﻤْﻬَﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﻤْﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﻮﺗﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺴـﻤﺎ
ﺗْﺴﻮٓﺣﻖ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺣﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻮﺣﻘﺔ –ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻭﺍﳍﺪّ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱄ.
ﻭﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳـﺔ :ﺻـﻮﺣﻖ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﲰﻬﺪ ﻭﲰﻬﺪﺍﻥ .
ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ.
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ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺷﺮﺏ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﺣﱴ ﺗﺮﺍﺧﻰ .ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍـﺎ ﺗْﺴﻮٓﻟَﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮٓﻟﻒ ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ.
ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﳎﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺶ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﺎﺀَ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗَﺶّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﳛﻜﻲ ،ﺗـﺶ ﰲ ﺗْﺴﻮٓﻣَﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻤﻢ.
ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺮﺓ ﺗﺸّﺎﺕ ﻭﺧﻠﻂ ﺧﻠﻄﺎﺕ ﺣﱴ ﺷﺒﻊ ،ﳎﺎﺯ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ.
ﺗَﺶّ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﺎﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ. ﺗْﺴﻴّﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﻴّﺐ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘْﺸﻴﺶ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍً ﻟﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺍﻟﺘَﺸّﺎﺵ ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ. ﺗْﺴﻴۤﺒَﻦ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺴﺎۤﺑﻦ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻴﻌﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘﺸّﺎﺷﺔ ﻭﲨﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ. ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺒﺎﻧﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﻼﻣﻮٓ ﻛﻠّﻮٓ ﺗَﺶّ ﺑﺘﺶ. ﺗْﺴﻴّﺞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺴﻴّﺠﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜـﺮﻡ ﺃﻭ
ﺗْﺸﺎﺀﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﺀﻡ :ﺗﺮﻗّﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮ ،ﺗﻄـﺎﻳﺮ، ﺍﳉﺒّﺎﻧﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﻴّﺞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺿﺪّ ﺗَﻴَﻤّﻦ ﻭﺗﻔﺎﺀﻝ. ﺗْﺴﻴّﺦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺴﻴّﺨﺖ ﺍﳉﺒﻨﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ
ﺗْﺸﺎﺑﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﺑﻂ. ﻣﻦ ﺳﻴّﺦ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺴﻴّﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳـﻴّﺪ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺗْﺸﺎﺑَﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﺑﻜﺖ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭُ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻄﺖ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﺩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺴﺖ ﻭﺗﺪﺍﺧﻠﺖ. ﺗْﺴﻴﻄﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺴﻴﻄﺮ
ﺗْﺸﺎﺑَﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﺎ :ﲤﺎﺛﻼ ،ﺃﺷﺒﻪ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺳﻴﻄﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺣﱴ ﺃﺷﻜﻼ. ﺗْﺴَﻴّﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺴﻴّﻊ ﺍﳋﻴﻂ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ
ﺗْﺸﺎﺗَﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﰎ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺗَﺴﺎﺑّﻮﺍ. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻴّﻌﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻃﻴّﻨﻪ.
ﺗْﺸﺎﺣﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲞﻞ ﺗٕﺶْ :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳉﻮﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﱰﻫـﺔ
ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻩ. ﻭﺍﳌﺴﲑﺓ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠـﻬﺎ ﺣﻜﺎﻳـﺔ ﻭﻗـﻊ
ﺗْﺸﺎﺣٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺷـﺤﻄﻪ ﺍﻷﻗﺪﺍﻡ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣـﺮ ﰲ ﺣـﺚ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺑﻌﺪﻩ. ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﲑ.
ﺗْﺸﺎﺣﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﺣﻨﻮﺍ :ﺗﺒﺎﻏﻀﻮﺍ. ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﱐ ﺍﳌﺪﻟﻞ ﰲ ﺧﻴﻤﺔ ﻛﺮﺍﻛﻮﺯ:
ﺗْﺸﺎﺩﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﺩّ :ﺿﺪّ ﺗﺮﺍﺧـﻰ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻭﺟﻮﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﲔ ﺗﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻮﺯ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺩﻟـﺔ :ﻋـﻢ ﺑﺘﺸـﺎﺩﺩﻭﺍ ﺑﻮﺟﻌﲏ ﻗﻠﱯ ﺑﺮﻏﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻛﻞ
ﻭﺑﺘﻘﺎﺗﻠﻮﺍ ،ﻭْﻟِﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺎﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻛﻠّﻮٓ ﻗﺘۤﺎﻝ. ﺗﺴﻨﺪ ﺧﺎﺻﺮﰐ ﺑﺪّﻱ ﻗﺒﺎﻭﻩ
ﻭﺣﺴﺮﺍﺕ ﻗﻠﱯ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﻣﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﺘﻨﻜَﺮ ﺗﻨﻜَﺮ ﺗﺶ
ﺗَﺶّ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟــﻮﻥ[ :ﺗَـﺶّ ﺍﳋﺒـﺰ ﻭﺗﺸﺘـﺶ،
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ﺗْﺸﺎﻛَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﻛﻼ :ﲤﺎﺛﻼ ﻭﺗﻮﺍﻓﻘﺎ. ﺗْﺸﺎﺩٔﻕ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺸﻮﺩﻕ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺸﺪّﻕ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﺗْﺸﺎﮔﻚَ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﮔﻚ. ﻟَﻮَﻯ ﺷِﺪﻗَﻪ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺼﺢ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺸﺎﺭٔﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺗﻌﺎﺩَﻭﺍ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﺗْﺸﺎﻣٔﺦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﻣﺦ :ﺗَﻜﺒّﺮ ،ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺷﺮِﺳﺎً.
ﺗْﺸﺎﻫَﺪ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺸﻬّﺪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺮﺃ ))ﺃﺷﻬﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺗْﺸﺎﺭٔﻁ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﺭﻁ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺷﺎﺭﻁ ﻛـﻞ
ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻥ ﳏﻤﺪﺍً ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ((. ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻏﲑﻩ ،ﺗﺸﺎﺭﻃﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻣﻮﻩ.
ﺗْﺸﺎﻳَﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻝ. ﺗْﺸﺎﺭٔﻉ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﺭﻋﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫـﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻉ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳﻦّ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ.
ﺗْﺸَﺒّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒّﻰ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺗْﺸﺎﺭٔﻙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﺭﻛﻮﺍ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻛﻮﺍ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻞ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺷَﺒﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱُ :ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺟﻠﻴﻬﺎ. ﺍﻟﺘْﺸﺎۤﺭﻳﻦ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘَﺸﺎﺭﻳﻦ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺯﻣـﺎﻥ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ :ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺷَﺒّﺖْ. ﺍﳋﺮﻳﻒ ﻷﻥ ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻪ ﻳﻘﻊ ﰲ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺗْﺸﺒّﻰ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﺱ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺭﻛﺒـﻬﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺰّ ﺍﳌﺼـﺎﺭﻳﻦ،
ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻞ. ﺟﲏ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻦ ﺑﺘﺸﺎﺭﻳﻦ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﺎﻳﺔ. ﺍﻟﺘﺸّﺎﺵ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺶ.
ﺗْﺸَﺒّﺚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﺒّﺚ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺗﻌﻠـﻖ ﺑـﻪ ﺗْﺸﺎﻃٔﺮ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺸَﻄّﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﺸﺒّﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺎﻃﺮ.
ﻭﲤﺴّﻚ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍً ،ﺑﺮﺃﻳﻪ :ﻟﺰﻣﻪ. ﺗْﺸﺎﻏٔﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻏﺐ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻨﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺸﺒﺚ ﺑْﺄﻓﻜﺎﺭﻭٓ. ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺸﺒّﺚ :ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺗْﺸﺒّﺺ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺸﺎﻏٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸـﺎﻏﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺸـﻲﺀ :ﻛـﺎﻥ
ﺗْﺸَﺒّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺷـﺒّﺮﻩ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻻً ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻋﻨﻪ :ﺃﻋﺮﺽ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺎﺳﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﱪ. ﺗْﺸﺎﻓَﻪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻓﻬﻪ.
ﺗْﺸَﺒْﺮٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﱪﻕ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺸﺎﻛَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﻛﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺷﻜﺎ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ
ﺗْﺸَﺒﺸﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷـﺐّ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻌﺾ.
ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡُ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺸﺎﻛﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺎﻛﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺗَﺨﺎﻟﻔﻮﺍ.
ﺗْﺸﺒّٔـﺺ :ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ ﺗﺸﺒّـﺚ ﺑﺎﻟﺸـﻲﺀ
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ﺗْﺸَﺤّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺒْﺨﺎﻟﻒ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺑﺘﺘﺸـﺤﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻭﲤﺴﻚ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ
ﻋﻴﻮﻧﻮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺤّﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻳﺴﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻗﻀﻴﺘﻪ.
ﺗْﺸﺤﺸﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺭُﻭ ﺗﺸﺒّﺺ ﻟﻚ ﺑﺸﻲ ﺷـﻐﻠۤﺔ
ﺷﺤﺸﻂ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻋﻤﻠۤﺔ.
ﺗْﺸَﺤّٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺤّﻢ. ﺗْﺸَﺒّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺒّﻊ :ﺃﻛـﻞ ﻛـﺜﲑﺍً ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﲟﻌﺎﳉﺘﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً.
ﺗْﺸَﺤْﻮٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺤﻮﺭ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ ﺗﺸﺒّﻊ ﺩَﻟْﻚْ .ﻓـﻼﻥ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺸﺒّﻊ ﺑﻌﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺃﺳﺘﺎﺫﻭ.
ﺗْﺸﺨّٔﺺ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺷﺨّﺺ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﻴّﻨﻪ ﺗْﺸَﺒّﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺒّﻚ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻂ ،ﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ
ﺑﺸﺨﺼﻪ ،ﻣﻴّﺰﻩ ﻋﻤﺎ ﺳﻮﺍﻩ .ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﳌﺮﺽ ﻋﻨﺪ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ،ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭُ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻄﺖ ﻭﺗﻌﻘّﺪﺕ.
ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ،ﻭﺗﺸﺨّﺺ ﻟﻪ :ﺗﺮﺍﺀَﻯ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺷﺨﺺ. ﺗْﺸَﺒّﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ :ﻣﺎﺛﻠـﻪ ،ﺟـﺎﺭﺍﻩ ﰲ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻔﺎﺟﻲ :ﻭﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ،ﲤﺜّﻞ ﺑﻪ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻪ ﺷﺒﻴﻬﺎً.
ﺍﻟﺰﳐﺸﺮﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻪ ﰲ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎﺗﻪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﺒﱡﻪ.
ﺗْﺸَﺨّٔﺺ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺸﺨّﺼﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺷﺒّﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺨّﺺ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫـﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ ﺟ ٧ﺹ .٣٨
ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﻭﺷﺨﺺ. ﺗْﺸَﺘّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺸﺘّﻰ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥَ ﻭﺑﻪ :ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﻓﻴـﻪ
ﺗْﺸﺨﻠﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﻠﻌﺔ. ﺷﺘﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺘﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﺘﺎﻳﺔ.
ﺗْﺸﺨﻮٔﻁ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺨﻮﻁ. ﺗْﺸﺘّﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺘّﺖ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮ ﻭﺗﻔﺮّﻕ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺘﱡﺖ.
ﺗْﺸَﺪﱠﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺪّﺩ :ﺗَﻘَـﻮّﻯ ،ﺗَﺼـﻠّﺐ ﰲ ﺗَﺸْﺘَﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓَﻌﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺗَﺶّ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺃﻣﻮﺭﻩ ،ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺪّﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮّﺓ ،ﻭﺍﳌﻐﻨﱢﻲ :ﺟﻬﺪ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗْﺸَﺠّﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﻢ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[:
ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻴﻞ :ﺍﳌﺘﺸﺪﱢﺩ. ﺗﺸﺠّﺮ ﺍﳉﺒﻞ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻏُﺮِﺳﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﺪﱡﺩ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺠّﺮ.
ﺗْﺸَﺪّٔﻕ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﺸَـﺪّﻕ :ﻟـﻮﻯ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﺴﺠﺮ.
ﺗْﺸَﺤّٔﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷَﺤّﺪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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ﺗْﺸﺮّٔﻁ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮّﻁ ﺍﳉﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺷﺪﻗﻪ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺼﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻼﻡ ،ﻭﻓﻴﻪ :ﺗﻮﺳّﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻣـﻦ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺍﳉﻠﺪَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﺑﻀـﻌﻪ ﻭﺑﺰﻏـﻪ ﻏﲑ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﺯ.
ﻻﺳﺘﱰﺍﻑ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ. ﺗْﺸَﺬّﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﺗْﺸَﺮّٔﻉ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳَﻨّﻬﺎ. ﺗَﺸﺬّﺏ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺷﺬّﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮَ :ﺃﺳﻘﻂ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﺸَﺮّٔﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺮّﻑ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﻧﺎﻝ ﺷـﺮﻓﺎً، ﺍﻷﻏﺼﺎﻥ ﻟﻴﺤﺴﻦ ﳕﻮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﻋﺪّﻩ ﺷﺮﻓﺎً ﻟﻪ. ﺗْﺸَﺮّٔﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮَﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺮﱡﻑ. ﺍﺑﺘﺎﻋﻪ ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺸﺮﮔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﮔﻞ. ﺗْﺸَﺮّٔﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏُ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻕَ :ﺍﻣﺘﺼّﻪ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗَﻨﺸّﻔﻪ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﺷﺮﺑﻪ ﻗﻠﻴﻼً ﻗﻠﻴﻼً ،ﺍﻟﺼـﺒﻎُ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜـﻮﺏ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﺳﺮﻯ.
ﺷﻮﻓﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﺎﱐ ﺑﺒﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﺳﺤﺒۤﺖ ﻋﻠﻲﱠ ﻣﻮﺳﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗْﺸﺮّﺑﺖ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﻦ.
ﻣﺎ ﻃﻠﺖ ﺍﻧﺎ ﻻﺑﻮﺳﺎ ﺗﺸﺮﮔﻠﺖ ﺍﻧﺎ ﻭﺣْﺼﺎﱐ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﺘﺸﺮّﺏ ﻣﻦ ﳏﻴﻄﻮ
ﺗْﺸﺮّٔﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﺮّﻡ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺷﺮّﻣﻪ :ﺷﻘّﻘﻪ، ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ.
ﻣﺰّﻗﻪ. ﺗْﺸﺮﺑﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﺑﻚ.
ﺗْﺸﺮﻣٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻣﻂ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﻣْﺸـﺒّﻚ ﺑﺘﺸـﺮﺑﻚ
ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻃﲔ :ﺇﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺛﻨﺎﻳﺎ ﰲ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﻘﻊ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺐ(.
ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻃﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﺗﻌﺪّ ﻋﻴﺒﺎً. ﺗْﺸَﺮﺗَﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﺗﺢ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﺢ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺷﺮّﺡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﳉﺜـﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻗﻄﻌﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﻌﻴﲔ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺍﳌﻮﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﻃﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﻄـﺐ ﺗْﺸﺮّٔﺡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮّﺡ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﻭﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ. ﻗﻄّﻌﻪ ﻭﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﻌﻀَﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺸـﺮﻳﺢ،
ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﺪ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺷﺮّﺩ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺷﺮّﺡ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢَ :ﺭﻗّﻘﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻓﺘﺤﻪ ﻭﻛﺸﻔﻪ ﻭﺑﻴّﻨﻪ.
ﺳﺠّﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻒ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟـﺪﻓﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﲰـﻲ ﺗْﺸَ ّﺮٔﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﺮّﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺫﻫﺒﻮﺍ ﻣﻔﺮﻗﲔ.
ﻳﺴﺠّﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺮﻭﻥ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﲰﻬﻢ. ﺗْﺸﺮﺩٔﻕ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺗْﺸَﺮْﺿﻖ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻔﺎﲡﻲ :ﻟﻘﺐ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺿـﻴﻮﻑ ﺷﺮﺩﻕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﱄ ﻓﻤﻦ ﻓﻮﻗﻪ. ﺗْﺸَﺮﺷَﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﺷﺢ.
ﺗٕﺸﺮﻳﻦ :ﺍﺳـﻢ ﺷﻬﺮﻳـﻦ :ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺑﻴـﻦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻂّ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺟﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﻘَﺪْﺭ. ﺃﻳﻠﻮﻝ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ،ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ٣١ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﻭﺍﻟﺜـﺎﱐ
ﺗْﺸَﻌّٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻌّﺒﻮﺍ :ﺗﻔﺮّﻗﻮﺍ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﺠﺮﺓُ ٣۰ﻳﻮﻣﺎً.
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮُ ﻭﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﳍﺎ ﻓﺮﻭﻉ. ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﺎﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺭﻳﻦ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺸﺎﺭﻳﻦ –
ﺗْﺸَﻌﺒٔﻂ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺸﺒّﺚ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺴﻚ ،ﺗﻌﻠّﻖ ﻳﻌﺎﻣﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺜﻨّﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ.
ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ. ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺗۤﺴْﺮِﻱ )ﺑﺎﻟﺴـﲔ
ﻳﻨﺴﺒﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﺻﺮﺍﻋﺎً ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ( ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺗۤﺴﺮِﻱ ﻗْﺪٓﻡ ﻭﺗۤﺴـﺮِﻱ ﺣْـﺮٓﻱْ ،ﺃﻱ:
ﻭﺩﺍﻭﺩ ،ﻭﺃﻥ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﺗﺸﻌﺒﻂ ﺑﺒﻴﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ: ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ.
ﻣﺎ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﻗﻮﺗﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ. ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ))ﺗﺴﺮِﻱ(( ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ:
ﺗْﺸَﻌْﺒﻮﺏ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﻋﻴﺪ ﻟﻠﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺗْﺸَﻊ ﺑْﺄٓﺏ TASH–RI–TUﺃﻭ .TASH–RI–TUM
ﺃﻱ :ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﺑﺂﺏ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﻮّﻑ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩﻱ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻫَﻞّ ﺗﺸـﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺘﺮﺟـﻊ
ﻟﻠﺘﺸﻌﺒﻮﺏ ﻣﺮﺍﺩﻩ :ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺾ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻔِﻲ. ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ.
ﺗْﺸَﻌّﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﻌّﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭُ :ﺍﺷﺘﻌﻠﺖ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻋﺾّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻴّﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﺾ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺗْﺸَﻐّٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻐّﻞ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻻً ﺑﻪ، ﺧﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻨﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﺸﻐﻠﺖ ﺯﺭﻳﻔـﺔ ﺍﶈﺮﻣـﺔ ﺑـﺎﳊﺮﻳﺮ، ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺭ :ﻣﻄﺮ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻠـﺰﺭﻉ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺷﺘُﻐِﻠﺖ ﻓﺒﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺍﳌـﺒﲏ ﺗﻮﺳﻴﻢ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﻮﺳّﻢ :ﺃﺣﻴﺎ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻢ ،ﻳﻈﻨـﻮﻥ ﺃـﻢ
ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻐﱠﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ(.
ﺗْﺸَﻔّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﻔّﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﻭّﻩ ،ﺃﻧﻜﻰ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺗْﺸَﻄّٔﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻄّﺐ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﻧﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺗﺴﺮّﻩ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺷﻄﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺸﻔﱢﻲ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَ َ ﺗﺸَﻄّٔﺢ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺴَﻄّﺢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻧﺒﺴﻂ ﻭﺻـﺎﺭ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﺷﺘﻔﻰ. ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎً.
ﺗْﺸَﻔّﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺸَﻔّﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﻭﺗﺸﻔّﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ، ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺷﺘَﻄﺢ.
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺷَﻔّﻰ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺻﺢ ﻟﻠﻮ ﻗـﱪ ﺑـﺒﻼﺵ
ﺗْﺸَﻔْﺘَﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺘﺮﺓ. ﺑﺘﺸﻄّﺢ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺸَﻄّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻄّﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﱢﻌﺮَ
ﺗْﺸَﻔّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻔّﻊ ﱄ ﻭﺇﱄّ ﺑﻔـﻼﻥ ﺃﻭ ﰲ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻄﺮ ﺷﻄﺮﺍً ﺁﺧﺮ.
ﻓﻼﻥ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﺷﻔﺎﻋﱵ ﺃﻱ :ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﱵ. ﺗْﺸَﻄّٔﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻄّﻒ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺷﻔﻊ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺸَﻄْﻮٔﻁ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻔﻌـﻮﻝ ﻣـﻦ ﺷﻄـﻮﻁ
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ﺸﻜّﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﺗْﺸَﻜّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَ َ ﺗْﺸٔﻘْﺸٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻘﺸﻖ.
ﺫﺍ ﺷﻜﻞ ،ﲤﺜﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃُﻧﺸﻰﺀ ﻭﺃُﻟﻒ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺸﻜﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ .ﺗﺸـﻜﻠﺖ ﺗْﺸٔﻘْﺸَﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﻄﻠّﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺑﺘﺸﻘﺸـﻠﻮ،
ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ. ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻭﻳﺰﻧﻪ ﻭﻳﺰﻥ ﺣﺮﻛﺎﺗﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌْﻔَﻊ ﻣـﻦ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻄﺄ ﻗـﻮﳍﻢ: ﺷﻘﺸﻞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗﺸﻜﻠﺖ ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ ،ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﺍﺏ :ﺃُﻟّﻔـﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺸﻘّٔﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻘّﻒ.
ﻋُﻘﺪﺕ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺸَﻜّﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺸﻜﻠۤﺖ ﺍﳌـﺮﺍ ﻭﺗﺒـﻮﺩﺭﺕ ﺗْﺸَﻘّٔﻖ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻘّﻖ ﺍﳊﻄَﺐَ :ﺻـﺪﻋﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽُ
ﻭﺗﻜﺤﻠﺖ ﻭﲢﻤّﺮﺕ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ :ﺍﻧﺼﺪﻋﺖ.
ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺸﻘّﻘﺖ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍۤﻗﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺸﻜﻠﺖ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺯﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻤﺮ ﺣﻨّﺎۤ. ﺗْﺸَﻘّٔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻘّﻞ.
ﺗْﺸَﻜّﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺸﻜّﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼـﻌﺒﺔ، ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺷـﻜّﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺎﺏ ﺗْﺸٔﻘْﻠَﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻘﻠﺐ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻋﺠﻤﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺸﻜﻮٔﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺤـﻮﻑ(( ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ ))ﺗﺸﻘﻠﺐ(( ﰲ ))ﻫـﺰ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺷﻚّ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻇﻦّ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺹ.١٨
ﺗْﺸﻜﻮٔﻙ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻ ﺗﺒﻮﺳﲏ ﺑﺘﺸﻜﻮﻛﲏ ﺩﻗﻨﻚ، ]ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ[:
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺑﻮﺱ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ :ﻃﻌﻨﻪ. ﻧﺎﻣِﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻧﺪﻱ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺗﺸﻘﻠﱯ ﺗْﺸﻘﻠٓﺐ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﺸﻜﻴﻼﺕ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ: ﺸﻜّﻰ :ﺷﻜﺎ ،ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜـﺮﻭﻩ:ﺗْﺸَﻜّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَ َ
ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻼﺕ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺎ ﺗﻌﻴﲔ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻮﻇـﻒ ﺗﺄﻟّﻢ.
ﰲ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ ،ﻭﻧﻘﻠﻬﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺘـﻬﻢ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﻭﺗﺮﻗﻴﺘـﻬﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺸﻜّﻰ ﻟﻮ ،ﻭﺗْﺸﻜﻰ ﻣﻨّﻮ ،ﻭﺗْﺸﻜّﻰ
ﻭﻓﺼﻠﻬﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺣﺎﻟﺘﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺵ. ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﺸﻜﻴﻠﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻠﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺸﻜّﺮ ﻟﻪ :ﺷﻜﺮ ﻟـﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢﺗْﺸَﻜّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَ َ
ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺗﻨﻮﻳﻊ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻟﻪ. ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﺸﻜﺮﻭٓ ،ﻓﻴﻌﺪﻭﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻼﻡ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌـﺪﻭﺎ
ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻤﻠّﺤﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﻮّﻋﺔ. ﺑﺎﻟﻼﻡ ﻭﲟﻦ :ﺗْﺸﻜﺮ ﻣﻨّﻮ.
ﺗْﺸَﻠّﺢ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄـﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﻜﱡﺮ.
ﻚ ﻓﻴﻪ
ﺗْﺸَﻜّﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻜﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺷ ّ
ﻭﺍﺭﺗﺎﺏ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻜﱡﻚ.
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ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻤﺔ ﻭﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺎ ﺷﻠّﺤﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﺮّﺍﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌـﲎ:
ﺑﱰﻝ ﻳﻘﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘَﺸﻤﺔ. ﺳﻠﺒﻪ ﺛﻴﺎﺑﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺛﻴﺎﺑﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺃﺟﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺗَﺸﻤﻪ ﺟﺮﺩﻭﻥ. ﺗْﺸَﻠْﻮٔﻁ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺸﻴّﻂ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺴـﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭ
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ[ :ﻳﻘـﺮﻑ ﻋﻤـﺮﻭٓ ﻓﺎﺣﺘﺮﻕ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻩ.
ﻭﳚﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻤﺔ ﻗﱪﻭٓ. ﺗْﺸَﻤّﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﴰّـﺖ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺮﺟّﺎﻝ ﺑَﻼ ﻣﺮﺍ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺘَﺸﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﺲَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺩﻋﺎ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ :ﻳﺮﲪﻚ ﺍﷲ.
ﺑﻼ )ﻫﻮﺍ( ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍ ﺑﻼ ﺭﺟّﺎﻝ ﻣﺘﻞ )ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺘﺔ( ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻨﺠـﺎﻥ. ﺗْﺸَﻤّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﴰّﺮ.
ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﻟﻊ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻤﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﳔﻠﻊ .ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻋﺼﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻤﺔ :ﻣﻨﲔ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺴﻜﺘﺎ ﺑﺘﺘﻨَﺠّﺲ. ﺗْﺸﻤّﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻤّﺲ :ﻗﻌﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺘَﺸﻤﻴﺴۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻤﻴﺴﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺐ ﳍﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻋُﺮﺽ ﻟﻨﻮﺭﻫﺎ.
ﻣﻦ ﴰّﺲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﺸﻤّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﴰّﻊ ﺍﳋـﻴﻂ
ﺗْﺸَﻨّﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَـﻨّﺞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ :ﻏﻤﺴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺻﺒّﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﺍﳉﻠﺪُ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻞُ :ﺗﻘﺒّﺾ ﻭﺗﻘﻠّﺺ ﻭﺍﻧﻀـﻢّ ﺑﺸـﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﻤﱡﻊ.
ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻲ :ﻏﲑ ﺇﺭﺍﺩﻱّ. ﺗَﺸَﻤﱡﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺪ :ﻣﺮﺽ ﻳﺼﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺪ ﻣـﻦ ﺗﻌـﺎﻃﻲ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﻨﱡﺞ. ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺣﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺁﺧـﺮ ،ﻓﻴﺘﻜـﻮﻥ ﰲ
ﺗْﺸَﻨّﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺸـﻨّﺪ ﺍﻟﺴـﻮﺱ ﻭﺗﺸـﻨّﺪﺕ ﻧﺴﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻔﻲ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﻳﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻼﻳﺎﻩ ﻓﻴﻌﻴﻖ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺍﳍﻴﻄﻠﻴﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻨّﺪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺐ.CIHRRHOSE :
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻨﺪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ :ﺱ ٤ﺹ ،٤۰١ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺐ :ﺱ ٢١ﻋﺪﺩ ٦ﺹ.٤٥
ﺗْﺸَﻨﺪﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻨﺪﻝ. ﺗْﺸَﻤّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻤّﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﴰّﻪ ﻣﺘﻤﻬّﻼً.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺘَﺸْﻤۤﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﭼَﺸﻤَﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﻋـﻦ ﭼَﺸـﻤِﻪ
ﺗْﺸَﻨْﻄٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻨﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻨﻄﻂ. ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﻨﺒﻊ ،ﻋﲔ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻄﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫـﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗﺄﺩﺑﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺣﺎﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺬﺭ ﰲ ﺍﳉـﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴـﺔ ﻭﰲ
ﰲ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﺐ(( ﺟ ٣ﺹ ١٢٧ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﻳﺰ.
))ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻌﻮﻡ ﲞﺎﺵ(( ﺳﻨﺔ :١٨٤٨ﺗْﺸَﻨﻄﻄﻮﺍ ﻭﻣـﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺗﺸﻤﺎﺕ.
ﻛﺜﲑ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﲤﺮﻣﺮﻭﺍ. ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﺗﺴﻤﻲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﳋﻼﺀ :ﻛﺸﻤﻪ.
ﺗْﺸَﻨّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻨّﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻏﻠـﺐ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ ﻳﻘـﻮﻝ ﺻـﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﳉـﻮٓﺟﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﻬـﻰ
ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺢ ،ﻗَﺒُﺢ ﺃﻣﺮُﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺁﺭﺍﺋﻬﻢ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺟـﻞُ :ﻫـﻢّ
ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ﺷﻨﻴﻊ.
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ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺷَﻠِﻲ :ﺃﻭﺻﻞ ﺗْﺸﻨﻔٔﺦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﻨﻔﺨﺔ
ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺣﺔ ،ﺃﺯﺍﻝ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺣﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻨﺨﻔﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻟﻜِﱪ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻫﻮ.
ﺗْﺸَﻬْﻮٔﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﻧﺔ. ﺗْﺸَﻨّﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺸﻨّﻜﺖ ﺃﺩﻧﻴﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﻦ ﺷﻨّﻚ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺸﻮٓﺩﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗَﺸـﺪّﻕ ﺗٕﺸْﻨِﻲ :ﺃﻭ ﺗﺸﻨۤﺔ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺪﻭٓﻟِﻲ ﻛﻠّٓـﻦ ﻓـﺮﺩ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺸﺪﻕ. ﺸﻨِﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺟۤﺸـﻤَﻪ:
ﺗﺸﻨِﻲ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﭼ ْ
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﳌَﺸﻮﺩﻗﺔ. ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ،ﳕﻮﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺇﻻ ﰲ
ﺗْﺸﻮّٔﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻮّﺵ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺍﺧـﺘﻠﻂ ﺍﳍﺠﻮ ﻓﻘﻂ :ﺷُﻮﻑ ﻫﺎﻟﺘﺸﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻘﻠّﺐ ﺍﳌﻌـﺪﺓ ،ﺃﺷـﻲ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺲ. ﻫﺎﻟﺘﺸﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒْﺘﻨْﻬﺪَﻯ ﻟﺼﻮﺍﺻﻨﺔ .ﻳﻠﻌﻦ ﺗﺸﻨﺘﻮ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﻮﱡﺵ. ﺗْﺸَﻬّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻬّﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺭﻏﺐ ﻓﻴـﻪ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺸﻮّﺷﺖ ﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭﻭ ،ﺗﺸـﻮّﺵ ﺃﺣﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﺎﻟﻪ.
ﻋﻘﻠﻮ. ﺗْﺸﻬّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﻬﺪ :ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃﺷﻬﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ
ﺗْﺸَﻮّٔﻁ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﺸﻴّﻂ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺴّﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺪ ﺃﻥ ﳏﻤﺪﺍً ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ.
ﻓﺎﺣﺘﺮﻕ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻩ. ﻭﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻬﺪ ﰲ ﺟﻠﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺭﻛﻌﺘﲔ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺸﻠﻮﻁ ﻭﺗﺸﻴﻂ ﻭﺷﻮﻁ. ﻫﻲ:
ﺗْﺸَﻮّٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻮّﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺍﺷـﺘﺎﻕ ))ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺎﺕ )ﻭﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻴﺔ ))ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺭﻛﺎﺕ(( ﻛﻤﺎ
ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻗﻴﻞ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﻕ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻜﻴﺔ ))ﺍﻟﺰﻛﻴّﺎﺕ((( ﷲ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺒـﺎﺕ،
ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺎً. ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡُ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﱯّ ﻭﺭﲪﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺑﺮﻛﺎﺗﻪ ،ﺍﻟﺴـﻼﻡ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻮﱡﻕ. ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﺎﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ،ﺃﺷﻬﺪ.((....
ﺗْﺸﻮّٔﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻮّﻙ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗَﺸَﻬﱡﺪ.
ﺗْﺸﻮّٔﻩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺸﻮّﻩ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﺷﻮّﻩ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ: ﺗْﺸَﻬّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺷـﻬّﺮﻩ:
ﻗﺒّﺤﻪ. ﻓﻀﺤﻪ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻮﻳﺒۤﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻮّﺏ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﺒﺔ ﻣﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﺒـﺎﻝ: ﺗْﺸَﻬّﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺸﻬّـﻠﺖ ﻛـﻞ ﺍﻟﺴْـﺠﺎﺭ،
ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻮّﺏ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ـﺤﺖ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟ ــﻮﻥ :ﺷَﻬّ ــﻞ ﻳﺮﻳ ــﺪﻭﻥ :ﻛُﺴـ
ﺗْﺸَﻴّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻴّﺶ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺍﻟﺸﻐـﻞ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﺜﻴـﺮﺍً ﻣﻨـــــﻪ،
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺶ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻳُﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺘﺸﻴّﺶ :ﺃُﺩﺧﻞ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺶ ﰲ ﺟﺴﺪﻩ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﺸﱢﻴﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻤّـﻮ! ﻻ ﺗﺼـﺪﻗّـﺎ
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ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﺩُﻡ. ﻫﻴّۤﻪ ﺗَﺸّﻴﺸۤﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻛﺬّﺍﺑﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻴّـﻞ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻮﻥ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻣﺖ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺗﻘﻬﺮ ﻛﻞ ﺗﺶّ.
ﺷﻲﺀ ﲜﺮﻡ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻬﺮﻩ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣـﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺼـﲑ :ﺍﳉـﻮﺍﺏ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺾ. ﺗْﺸﻴّٔﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺸﻴّﻂ :ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻕ.
ﺗْﺼﺎﺭٔﺡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﺭﺣﻪ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺸﻮﻁ ﻭﺗﺸﻠﻮﻁ ﻭﺷﻮﻁ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﲟﺎ ﰲ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ :ﺃﺑﺪﺍﻩ ﻭﺃﻇﻬﺮﻩ. ﺗْﺸﻴۤﻄﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸَﻴﻄﻦ :ﻓﻌﻞ ﻓِﻌﻞَ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ،
ﺗْﺼﺎﺭٔﺥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺼﺎﺭﺥ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺻﺮﺥ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ.
ﺇﱃ ﺑﻌﺾ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻐﺎﺙ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ. ﺗْﺸﻴّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺸﻴّﻊ :ﺍﺩﻋﻰ ﺩﻋﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﻌﺔ،
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﰲ ﻭﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ :ﻓﻴّﺎ ﻃﺮﻧﺞ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺷﻴﻌﻴّﺎً.
ﻭﻧﺎﺭﻧﺞ ﻭﺑﻼﺑﻞ ﻋﻢ ﺗﺘﺼﺎﺭﺥ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺸﻴﱡﻊ.
ﺗْﺼﺎﺭٔﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ :ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﻛﻞ ﺗْﺸَﻴّﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺸﻴّﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺐ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻞّ
ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺮﻉ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ. ﻣﻦ ﺷﻴّﻚ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺼﺎﻋٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺼﺎﻋﺐ ﻓﻼﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ: ﺗْﺸَﻴّﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻴّﻞ.
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺻﻌﺒﺎً ﻋﺴﲑﺍً. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺼﺎﻋٔﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﻋﺪ :ﺗﺼـﻌّﺪ ،ﺻَـﻌِﺪ، ﺗْﺼﺎﺣٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﺣﺒﻮﺍ :ﺻﺤﺐ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ
ﺍﺭﺗﻘﻰ. ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﺍﺻﻄﺤﺒﻮﺍ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺣﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﻔﺘﻮ ﺃﻧـﺎ ﲟﺎﻛﻴﻨـﺔ ﺗْﺼﺎﺩﺩ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺻـﺎﺩّﻩ
ﻃْﺤﲔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﺒﺎﺏ ﺟﻨﲔ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷْﻘٔﺪ؟ ﻣـﻦ ﲬﺴـﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺩﺍﻓﻌﻪ.
ﻭﺳﺘﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ،ﺗﺼﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧّﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺴـﻤﺎ، ﺗْﺼﺎﺩٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻـﺎﺩﺭﻩ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﳎﻤّﻌﺔ ﻭﺣﺎﺭﺱ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﲔ ﺟﻮّﺍﺗﺎ ﻭﻣـﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﺑﻪ :ﻃﺎﻟﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣُﻠﺤِﻔﺎً ،ﻭﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ
ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﺎﺑﻴﻜﺎ ﺍﶈﺪﺩﺓ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺼﻴﺢ ﺑﺎﳌﻘﻠﻮﺏ ﻭﲜﻌـﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺳﺘﻮﱃ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺩﻓﻊ ﲦﻨﻪ ﻓﻮﺭﺍً ﲟﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ
ﻭﺑﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﺪﺩ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻛﻼّ ﻣﻜﻬﺮﺑﺔ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﻯﺀ .ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻳﺎﻣـﺎ
ﺑﺮﻳﺪ ﳜﻠّﺺ ﻫﺎﳊﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻟﺴّﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺻْﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺇﻟـﻮ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﺭۤﺕ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻝ ﻭﻟﺴّﺎ ﺑﺪّﻥ ﻳﺪﻓﻌﻮﺍ ﺣﻘّﺎ.
ﻣﻦ ﲢﺖ :ﻫﺎﺗﻮﺍ ﺳﻼﱂ ،ﺟﺎﺑﻮﺍ ﺳﻼﱂ ،ﻋﺒّﻮﺍ ﻣﻲْ ،ﻣـﺎ ﺗْﺼﺎﺩَﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﺩﻓﺎ :ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻼ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏـﲑ
ﰎ ﺳﻄﻞ ﻭﻻ ﺑْﺮﻳﻖ ﻭﻻ ﻛﻴﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳊـﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺗﻌﺒّـﺖ ﻗﺼﺪ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻮﻋﺪ.
ﻭﺍﻧﺮﺷﻘﺖ ﻋﺎﳊﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻟﺴْـﻼۤﱂ ،ﻟﻜـﻦ ﻣـﺎ ﰲ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﺩُﻑ.
ﻓﺎﻳـﺪﺓ ،ﺍﻗﻠﻌـﻮﺍ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺑﻴﻚ ،ﺟﻴﺒـﻮﺍ ﻣْﺨُﻮﻟﺔ، ﺗْﺼﺎﺩٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﺩﻗﺎ :ﺗَﺨﺎﻻّ ،ﺗﻮﺍﺩّﺍ ،ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻻ
ﻭﺟﺎﺑﻮﺍ ﻭﺟـﺎﺑﻮﺍ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﺣﺴْﻨـﻮﺍ ﻳﻌﻤـﻠﻮﺍ ﺷـﻲ، ﺍﳌﻮﺩّﺓ.
ﻭﻭﺻﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭ ﻟﻠﺤـﺎﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﺣﺘـﺮﻕ ،ﻭﻛﻠﻨـﺎ ﺗْﺼﺎﺩَﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺳﺎﻥ :ﺍﺻﻄﺪﻣﺎ.
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ﺗْﺼﺎﻳَﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺻﺎﺡ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺟﺴﺪﻧﺎ ﻭﻗّﻒ ،ﺗﺎﱐ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺟﻴﺖ ﻭﺷـﻔﺘﻮ ﻛﻮﻣـﺔ
ﺑﺒﻌﺾ. ﺻﻔﻴﺔ ﺑﻘﺮﻧﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺿﺔ ،ﻭﲢﺖ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺪﻱ ﺍﳊﺮﻳـﻖ
ﺗْﺼٔﺒّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺒّﺐ ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻕُ ﻭﳓﻮﳘﺎ: ﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺟﺤﺶ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻕ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻛﻤﺎﻥ .ﻭﻣْﺸﻴﺖ ﺃﻧﺎ
ﲢﺪّﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺗﻐـﻮّﻁ :ﺭﺍﺣـﺖ ﻭﺭﻓﻘﺎﰐ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻋﻢ ﺑَﺒﻜﻲ ﻋﺎﳌﺼﻴﺒﺘﲔ ،ﻭﻋﺒﺜـﺎً ﺣـﺎﻭﻟﻮﺍ
ﻛَﻨْﱵ ﺗﺘْﺼﺒّﺐ ﻭﻟِﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺭﺍﺣۤﺖ ﺳَﻜﻨۤﺖ. ﻳﻘﻨﻌﻮﱐ ﺃﻧّﻮ ﻫﻴّﻪ ﻣﺼﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺱ ﻭﺑﺲ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻗﻨﻌﺖ
ﺗْﺼٔﺒّﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺭﺍ ﻳﺘْﺼﺒﺐ ﻋﺎﻟﺼﺒﺎﻳﺎ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻗﻨﻌﺖ ،ﻭﺗْﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﻕ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺻـﺮﺥ،
ﺗَﺼﺒّﻰ ﺍﳉﺎﺭﻳﺔَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻭﺗﺼﺎﺑﺎﻫﺎ :ﺩﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺼِﺒﺎ، ﻭﳌﺎ ﻛﱪْﺕ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺗﻌﺮﺿﺖ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﻮﺗﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﺼﺎﻳﺐ
ﺧﺪﻋﻬﺎ ،ﻓﺘﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﻳﻔﺮﻍ ﺻﺒﺎﺑﺘﻪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺃﺻﺮﺥ ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﺃﻧّﻮ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﻫﺎﳉﺤﺶ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ
ﺎ. ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ.
ﺗْﺼٔﺒّﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺒّﺢ ﺑﻪ :ﻟﻘﻴﻪ ﺻﺒﺎﺣﺎً )ﻛﻤﺎ ﺿﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﺗَﺼﺎﻋﺪﻳّﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻌﻲ ﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ
ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺠﺪ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻜﺮﻩ ﻧﺎﻗﺪ ﺇﺫ ﱂ ﻳﺮﺩ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ(. ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺢ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺒﺢ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺗْﺼﺎﻏٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﳝﻦ ﻭﺳﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺷﺆﻡ ﻭﺷﻘﺎﺀ ،ﻟﺬﺍ ﺗَﺼﺎﻏﺮ :ﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ ،ﺗَﺤﺎﻗﺮ.
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﳌﻦ ﺩﻫﻲ ﲟﺼﺎﺏ :ﺑﻮﭺ ﻣﲔ ﺗﺼﺒﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ؟. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﻏُﺮ.
ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﳌﻦ ﺧﺴﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ ،ﻭﳚﻴـﺐ ﻏﺎﻟﺒـﺎً: ﺗْﺼﺎﻓَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﻓَﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺃﺧﻠﺺ ﺍﻟـﻮﺩﱠ
ﺑﻮﭼّﻚ. ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺼـﺒﺢ ﺑـﺎﻟﻐﺰﺍﻝ ﺧـﲑ ﺗْﺼﺎﻓَﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﻓﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺻﺎﻓﺢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪُ
ﻭﺇﻗﺒﺎﻝ. ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ،ﺃﻱ :ﻭﺿﻊ ﺻُﻔﺢ ﻛﻔﻪ ﰲ ﺻُﻔﺢ ﻛـﻒ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﳉﺤﺶ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﺘﺼـﺒّﺢ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ :ﺃﻱ :ﻭﺿﻊ ﻋَﺮﺿَﻬﺎ.
ﺑﻮﭼّﻮ ﺑﻀﻴّﻊ ﺟْﻼۤﻟﻮٓ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﻓُﺢ.
ﺗْﺼﺒّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺼﺒّﺮ :ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ،ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ: ﺗْﺼﺎﻟَﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻَـﻠُﺐ
ﺻﱪ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺻﻠﺐ ﻭﺗﺼﻠﺐ.
ﺗْﺼﺒّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺼﺒّﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺮ ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﻤﺎﻳﺎ ،ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺎﻟُﺐ.
ﺻﺒّﺮﻩ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – :ﻋﺎﳉﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻮﺗﻪ ﲟﻮﺍﺩ ﲤﻨﻊ ﺗﻌﻔﻨﻪ. ﺗْﺼﺎﱀ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺼﺎﳊﻮﺍ :ﺃﻗﺎﻣﻮﺍ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﺻﻠﺤﺎً
ﺗْﺼﺒّٔﻎ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺒّﻎ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﻭﺃﺯﺍﺣﻮﺍ ﺧﻼﻓَﻬﻢ ،ﺧﻼﻑ ﲣﺎﺻﻤﻮﺍ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺻﺒﻎ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﺼـﺎﱀ ﺍﳋْﻴـﺎﺭ ﻭ)ﺍﳍـﻮﺍ(
ﻭﻧﺴﻴﻮﺍ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺟﺮﻯ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺼﺎﳊﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﻔـﲑﺍﻥ
ﻳﺎ ﺗﻌﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﻄّﺎﺭ.
ﺗْﺼﺎﻫٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﻫﺮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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ﺗْﺼٔﺪّٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺼﺪّﺭ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺟﻠﺲ ﰲ ﺻﺪﺭ ﺗْﺼﺘّﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺼﺘّﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮﺗﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﻴﻖ ﺑﺴﻌﺮ
ﺍﻠﺲ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡَ :ﺗﻘﺪّﻣﻬﻢ. ﻛﻮﻳّﺲ ﻷﻧّﻮ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃﻧﺘﻴﻜﺎ ،ﻭﺗﺼﺘّﺖ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﺽ،
ﺗْﺼﺪّﺭ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺼﺪّﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺘّﻰ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً
ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺪّﺭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﲤﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺻﱴ .
ﺗْﺼٔﺪﱠﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺪﱠﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗﺸﻘّﻖ. ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺼـﺘﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼـﺘﺎﻳﺔ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺪّﻉ. ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺀﻳﻦ ﻃـﺎﺀﻳﻦ :ﻃْﺼـﻄّﻰ ﻃﺼـﻄﺎﻱ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺣﺎﺟۤﺔ ﺑﻘﺎ ﺗﺼـﺪّﻉ ﺭﺍﺳـﻨﺎ ﻭﻃﺼﻄﺎﻳﺔ.
ﻋﺒﻜﺮﺍ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺘّﺎﺡ! ﻳﺎ ﺭﺯّﺍﻕ!. ﺗْﺼٔﺤّٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺤّﺎﻩ ﻣﻦ
ـﻜﺮﺗﻮﻥ
ـﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺼـﺪﱠﻑ ﺍﻟﺴـ ﺗْﺼ ـﺪﱠﻑ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺞ ﺃﻭ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻔﻠـﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺒﻘﺎﺏ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺭُﻛّﺐ ﰲ ﺧﺸﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻑ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺻﺤﺎ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺯﺍﻟﺖ ﻏﻴﺒﻮﺑﺘﻪ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺪّﻑ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺗْﺼٔﺤّٔﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺻـﺤّﺢ
ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻑ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺯﺍﻝ ﺳَﻘَﻄﻪ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺃﺯﺍﻝ ﺧﻄﺄﻩ.
ﺗﺼٔﺪّٔﻕ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺗْﺼﻀّﻖ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﺼـﺪﱠﻕ ﺗْﺼٔﺤّٔﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﻯﺀُ :ﺃﺧﻄﺄ ﰲ
ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ. ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﺼﺤّﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ: ﺻُﺤﱢﻔﺖ ﻭﻗﺮﺋﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﺗَﺼﺪﱡﻕ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺗـﺎﻛﻢ ﻓـﻼﻥ
ﺗﺼٔﺪّٔﻕ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺗﺼﻀّﻖ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓـﻼﻥ ﳌـﺎ ﻓﺎﻗﺒﻠﻮﻩ ،ﺻﺤﻔﺖ ﺇﱃ ﻓﺎﻗﺘﻠﻮﻩ ﻭﻗﺘﻠﻮﻩ .ﻭﻛﻤـﺎ ﻓﻴـﻪ:
ﲝﻜﻲ ﺑﺘﺼﺪّﻕ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺪّﻕ. ﻛﺘﺐ ﻭﺍﻝ ﺇﱃ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻪ :ﺃﺣﺼﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ،ﺻـﺤﻔﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﺧﺼﻮﺍ ﻭﺧﺼﺎﻫﻢ.
ﺗْﺼٔﺮّٔﺡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺗْﺼٔﺪﱠﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺪّﻯ ﻟﻪ :ﺗَﻌﺮّﺽ.
ﺻﺮّﺡ ﺑﺄﻓﻜﺎﺭﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺑﺪﺍﻫﺎ ﻭﺃﻇﻬﺮﻫﺎ ،ﺧـﻼﻑ ﺗْﺼٔﺪّﺍ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﺑﺘﺼﺪﱢﻱ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﺐ
ﻋﺮّﺽ. ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺪّﺍ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫـﺎ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﺼٔﺮّٔﺡ :ﺃﻭ ﺗﺴﺮّﺡ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺴﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺻﺪﻯﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﻼﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺃ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳَﺮّﺡ ﺷﻌﺮﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣﻠّﻪ ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﺍﻳﺔ.
ﻭﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌَﺸﻂ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﳌَُﺸﻂ ،ﰒ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﲔ ﺻﺎﺩﺍً.
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﺼـﺮّﺡ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻨّـﺐ،
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﲣﻠﺺ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ.
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ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓْﻌﻴّۤﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻋﻲ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ :ﺑْﻨﻴّﺔ ﻛﻮﻳْﺴﺔ. ﺗْﺼٔﺮّٔﺥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺮّﺥ :ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﺥ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺻَﺮﺥ.
ﻳﺎ ﺣﻼﻭﺓ ﺳﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻨﻴّﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻨﻴّﺔ ﺗْﺼٔﺮﺻٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺼﺮﺻﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻳﻊ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ
)ﺻﺎﻏﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻫﻨﺎ(. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺮﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺮّ
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺃﺳّﻮﻡ ﻭﻓﻄّﻮﻡ ﻭﻋﻴّـﻮﺵ ﻭﺭﻗّـﻮﺵ، ﺍﻟﺼﺮّﺓ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﲪّﻮﺩ ﻭﲪّﻮﺭ ،ﻓﻴﺼﻐﺮﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّـﻮﻝ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﺼﺮﺻﺮ ﻓﻼﻥ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﻘﺪ
ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﺗﺼﻐﲑ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺴﺎﻥ. ﺻﺮﺭ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ.
ﺗْﺼﻔّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻔّﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺗْﺼٔﺮﺻٔﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺮﺻـﻊ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺻﺎﻓﻴﺎً. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺻﺮﻉ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺼﻔّﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﳌﺰﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﲏ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺰْﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ﺗْﺼﺮﺻﻊ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﻴﺔ ﲤّﺖ ﲟﻌﺮﻓْﺔ ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ. ﺗْﺼٔﺮّٔﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺮﱠﻑ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺍﺣﺘـﺎﻝ
ﺗْﺼﻔّٔﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﻔّﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺗﺄﻣﻠﻪ ﻭﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺗَﻘﻠّﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺣﺴﺐ
ﻣﻠﻴﺎً ،ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡَ :ﺗﺄﻣّﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﻫﻬﻢ ﻟﻴﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﻢ ،ﻧﻈـﺮ ﰲ ﺇﺭﺍﺩﺗﻪ.
ﺃﺣﻮﺍﳍﻢ ،ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏَ :ﻧﻈﺮ ﰲ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺗﻪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﺮﱡﻑ ﻭﺗﺼﺮّﻓﺎﺕ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺼﻔﱡﺢ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗَﺼﺮﻓﺎﺗَﻚ ﺑﺘﻌﺠـﺒﲏ ﻭﻣـﺎ
ﺗْﺼٔﻔﺼٔﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔـﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺑﺘﻌﺠﺒﲏ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻳﻌﺠﺒﲏ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻻ(.
ﺻﻔﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺻﻒّ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﺗْﺼٔﻌّٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﻌّﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺻﻌﺒﺎً.
ﺭﺗّﺐ ﺻﻔﻮﻓﻬﻢ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﺣﻜﻲ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻓـﻼﻥ ﻋـﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺑﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﰐ ﺃﻧﺎ :ﺑﺰﻏـﺮﻱ ﺑﺘﺼﻌّﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ.
ﻛﻨﺖ ﻣﻮﻟﻊ ﲜﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎۤﱐ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻨﻴﻨﺔ ﺷﻜﻞ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﺗْﺼٔﻐْﻠٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻐﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﻳﻮﻡ ﲨﻌﺔ ﻭﺃﺣﺪ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺃﺭﻭ ﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﳉﻤﻌـﺔ ﻭﺳـﻮﻕ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﻏﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ،ﺍﳌﻀﺒﻮﻁ،
ﺍﻷﺣﺪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃَﺧﻠّﻲ ﻗﻨﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﻣﻨّﺎ ﺗﻔﻮﺗﲏ ،ﻭﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﳌﻀﻤﻮﻥ.
ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﲡﻤّﻊ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﲑ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﲑ ،ﻭﻛﻨﺖ ﺃﺣﺮﻡ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺼﻐﻠﻤﺖ ﻗﻀﻴﺘﻚ.
ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺮﺟﻴﱵ ﻭﺃﺻـﺮﻓﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﻘﻨـﺎﱐ ،ﻭﻛﻨـﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻐﲑ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋْﺒﻴۤﺪ ،ﻭﻭﻟﻴۤـﺪ ،ﻓﻴﺼـﻮﻏﻮﻥ
ﺃﺻﻔﺼﻔﺎ ﻭﺃﻓﺮﺡ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺃﻳۤﻨﺎ ﻓﺮﺡ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻳـﺄﺛّﺮ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺼﻐّﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓْﻌۤﻴﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ :ﻫﺎﻟﺸﺐ ﺣﻠﻴۤﻮٔﺓ،
ﻭﻟﻌﻲ ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺻﻴﺎﺡ ﺃﻣـﻲ ﻭﺳﺨﻄﻬﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻫﺎﻟﻌﻘـﻞ ﻭﻗﻌﺪﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﻴۤﺴۤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻴﺎۤﱐ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﺯﺍﺩ ﺳﺨﻄﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﻛﺘــﺮﺗﻦ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺭﺣﻴّۤﻢ ﻭﻓﺘﻴّۤﺢ ﻭﺟﻮﻳّۤﺪ ،ﻓﻴﺼﻮﻏﻮﻧﻪ
ﺻﺮﺕ ﺃﺧﺒّﻲ ﺍﻟﻠـﻲ ﺃﺷﺘـﺮﻳﻪ ﻭﺃﺩﺧّـﻠﻮ ﻋﺎﻟﺒﻴـﺖ،
ﻭﳌﺎ ﺻـﺮﺕ ﺍﺑـﻦ ﻃﻤﻨﻄﻌـﺶ ﻭﺻـﺮﺕ ﻣﻌﻠّـﻢ
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ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻤّﺪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺯﺍﺭﱐ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﱵ ﻭﺭﻓﻘﺎﰐ ﻭﻣﻀّﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺮﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ
ﺻٔﻤۤﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺷﺪّ ،ﻋﺼﺐ ،ﺿﻢّ ،ﺿﻤّﺪ ،ﲨﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺎﻟﺴﻮﺳﺔ ،ﻭﺑﺘﺎﱐ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺻﺘّﻴﻨﺎ ﻫﺎﻟﻘﻨﺎﱐ ﺑﻜﻢ ﻣـﺎ
ﻭﺣﺸﺪﻩ. ﻛﺎﻥ.
ﺗْﺼﻤّٔﻎ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻤّﻎ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻳﺎ ﺭﻳﺘﲏ ﺑﻘّﻴﱳ ﻟﻠﻴﻮﻡ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﳎﻤﻮﻋـﺔ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﻎ. ﻋﺎﻟَﻤﻴّﺔ.
ﺗْﺼٔﻤّﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻤّﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﺼٔﻘّٔﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺼﻘّﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻉ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻪ
ﻛﺬﺍ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﻀﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﻳﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺍﻟﺼﻘﻴﻊ ﻭﺗﻠﻒ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟ ﺘّ ﺼْﻤﻴﻢ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻄﺼﻤﻴﻢ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺻـﻤّﻢ – ﺍﻟﺼﻘﻴﻊ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣُﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ. ﺗْﺼٔﻠّﻰ] :ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺘﺼﻠّﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﺎﻟﻮ،
ﺗْﺼٔﻨّﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺻـﻨّﺞ: ﺃﻱ :ﻃﺎﻫﺮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ
ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺷَﻨّﺞ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺻﻠّﻰ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﺼٔﻨْﺪٔﻕ :ﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺗْﺼٔﻨْﻀٔﻖ] ،ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺼـﻨﺪﻗﺖ ﺗْﺼٔﻠّﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘْﺼﻠّﻰ ﻟﻮ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻱ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻳﻜﻤْﺸﻮ ﻓﻴّﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻨﺪﻕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﻣـﻦ ﺻَﻠَﻰ ﻟﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳﻮﱠﻯ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﺼـﻮﺑﺔ ﻟﻴﻮﻗﻌـﻪ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ. ﻫﻠﻜﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺻﻨﺪﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ. ﺗْﺼٔﻠّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﻠّﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺻُﻠﺒﺎً،
ﺗﺼﻨّٔﻂ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﻨﺼّﺖ ﻟﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﺗﻜﻠـﻒ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺗﺸﺪّﺩ.
ﺍﻟﻨَﺼْﺖ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﺕ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﻌﺎً ﳊﺪﻳﺜﻪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﺼﻠﱡﺐ.
ﺗْﺼﻨّٔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﻨّﻊ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣٕﺘْﺼﻠّﺐ ﰲ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺗﻮ.
ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻳّﻦ ﻭﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺖ. ﺗَﺼﻠﱡﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﻳﲔ :ﻣﺮﺽ ﺗﺘﺼﻠﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﺍﻳﲔ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﻨﱡﻊ. ﺑﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻹﺩﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﻜﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟـﺪﺧﺎﻥ ﻭﻣـﺮﺽ
ﺗْﺼٔﻨّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻨّﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ. ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ،ﻭﻻ ﺗﺘﺤﻤّﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﻳﲔ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ. ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺘﻤﺰﻕ.
ﺗْﺼٔﻨّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼَﻨّﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃﺻﻨﺎﻓًﺎ ﺗْﺼٔﻠّﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺻـﻠّﺢ
ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﺎً. ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﺼﻨﻴﻊ :ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ ﺻﻨّﻊ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻭﻣــﺪﻟﻮﻝ ﺗْﺼﻠﻐٔﻢ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺼﻐﻠﻢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴـﻊ ﺍﳊﺪﻳـﺚ :ﺍﻟﻌـﻤﻞ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻌﺰﻳـﺰ ﺗْﺼﻤّﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﺼﻤّـﺪﺕ ﺍﳌﺼـﺮﻳﺎﺕ،
ﻳـﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﲨـّﻌـﺖ ﻭﺍﻗـﺘـُﺼـﺪﺕ،
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ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺻـﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﺷـﻜﻞ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻟﺘﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺼـﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟـﺪﺧﻞ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺗْﺼﻮّﺭ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ :ﻛﻠّﻒ ﻣﺼـﻮﺭﺍً ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻲ.
ﺭﺳّﺎﻣﺎً ﺃﻥ ﳚﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﺑﺂﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼـﻮﻳﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﺳـﻢ ﺗْﺼٔﻬْﺼٔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ. ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺼﻠﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳﺔ :ﺗَﺼﻮﱡﺭ. ﺗْﺼﻮّٔﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺻـﻮّﺑﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻭﺗْﺼﻮّﺭ )ﺃﻇﻦ ﺃﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ :ﺃﺻﺒﺖ.
ﻣﻌﲎ ))ﺗﺼﻮﺭ(( ﻫﻨﺎ :ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﺻـﻮﺭﺓ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﺼﻮّﺏ ﺭﺃﻱ ﺃﺳﺘﺎﺫﻧﺎ.
ﻭﺷﻜﻞ(. ﺗْﺼﻮّٔﺏ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻜّﻮﺭ ﺗﺼﻮّﺏ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺭْﺻﺎﺻﺔ
ﺗْﺼٔﻮّٔﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﻮّﻑ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺻﻮﻓﻴﺎً ،ﲣﻠﻖ ﰲ ﺻﺪﺭﻭ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻮّﺏ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﺑﺄﺧﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻓﻴﲔ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻢُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﱂ ﳜﻄـﻰﺀ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﺼﻮﱡﻑ. ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ.
ﺗْﺼٔﻮّٔﻝ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺼﻮّﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﺤـﻢ ﻭﺗﺼـﻮّﻟﺖ ﺗْﺼﻮٓﺑﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻـﻮﺑﻦ
ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻮّﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ: ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻏﺴﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ.
ﻧﻘّﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﳊﺠﺎﺭﺓ. ﺷﻔﺖ ﺍﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺑﻼﺩ:
ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺻﻮّﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺑﺘﺪﺧﻞ ﻣﺎﻟﱪّﺍﱐ ﻷﻭﻝ ﺟﻮّۤﺍﱐ ،ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺼﺎﻃﺐ ﻟﻠﺘﺪﻟﻴﻚ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮﺓ ،ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ. ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺳّﺎﺝ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪﻭ ﺑﺘﺪﺧﻞ ﻟﺘﺎﱐ ﺑﺘﺘﻜﻴّﺲ ﻭﺑﺘﺘﺼـﻮﺑﻦ،
ﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻋﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺜﺮ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﰲ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﻭ ﺑﺘﺪﺧﻞ ﻟﺘﺎﻟﺖ ﺟﻮﺍﱐ ﻟﺒﻴـﺖ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭ ،ﻫﻨﻴـﻚ
ﻛﻬﻒ ﻻﺳﻜﻮ ﰲ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﺇﱃ ٢۰ﺃﻟـﻒ ﺑﺘﺘﺨﺴّﻞ.
ﺳﻨﺔ. ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺣﻚّ ﺍﻟﻐْﺴﻮﻝ ﲟﻌﲎ:
ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺗـﻮﻏﺮﺍﰲ ،ﻭﺿـﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﺗﺼﺒّﻦ.
ﻟﻠﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ PHOTOGRAPHIE :ﺃﻱ :ﺭﺳﻢ ﺻﻮﺭ ﺗْﺼٔﻮّٔﺕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻮّﺕ.
ﺍﻷﺟﺴﺎﻡ ﺑﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﺗﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻮﺭ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﲜﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺗﻮﻏﺮﺍﻑ. ﺗْﺼٔﻮّٔﺝ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺘﺼﻮّﺟﻮﱐ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻣـﺎ ﱄ
ﺗْﺼﻴّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺼﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﲑَ :ﻗﻨﺼـﻪ ﻭﺃﺧـﺬﻩ ﺻﻮٓﺝ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﲡﺮّﻣﻮﻧﲏ ﻭﻻ ﺟﺮﻡ ﱄ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﲝﻴﻠﺔ )ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺗﺼﻴّﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﲑ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﳋـﺮﺩﻕ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻮّﺝ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫـﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﻣـﻦ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ،ﰒ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺗﺼﻴّﺪ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻄﻠﻘـﺎً ﻭﻣﻨـﻪ ))ﺻﻮﺝ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺬﻧﺐ.
ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ(. ﺗْﺼٔﻮّٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﺼـﻮّﺭ ﺍﻟﺸــﻲﺀَ :ﺗـﻮﻫﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻃﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﺸﺎﺵ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺻﻮﺭﺗـﻪ ﰲ ﺫﻫﻨـﻪ ﻭﲣﻴﻠﻬـﺎ ،ﻭﺗﺼـﻮّﺭ ﻟــﻪ
ﺍﻟﻨَﺪَﻡ ﻳﺘﺼﻴّﺪ )ﻻ ﻧﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺳـﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ ﳍـﻢ ﺃﻡ
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ،ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻓﺎﻹﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﻳﻈﻠﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﳛﻔّﻬﺎ(.
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ﺍﺗّﺴﻊ ،ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺷﻌﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻀِﻴﻖ ،ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺿـﺎﻳﻖ ﺑﻌﻀـﻬﻢ ﺗْﺼﻴّﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺼﻴّﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻞ ﻭﺗﺼﻴّﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻠﺔ،
ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻴّﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﺎﻳُﻖ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﺼﻴّﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ )ﻭﻻ ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻀﺎﻳﻘﺖ ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻮ. ﺇﻻ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﺗّﻘﺪﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﺒﺖ(.
ﺗْﻀٔﺒّٔﻂ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﻈﺒﻂ ﺃﻭ ﺗْﺰﺑّﻂ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﳘﺎ. ﺗْﻀﺎﺀﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﺗْﻀٔﺠّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﺠّﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﻪ :ﻗﻠﻖ ﻭﺗـﱪّﻡ ﺻﻐُﺮ ،ﺿﻌُﻒ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗﻘﺒّﺾ ﻭﺍﻧﻀﻢّ ﺑﻌﻀُﻪ
ﺗَﻀﺎﺀﻝَ :
ﻭﺿﺠﺮ. ﺇﱃ ﺑﻌﺾ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﺠﱡﺮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﺷﻲ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﻀٔﺤّٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﺤﻰ :ﻧﺎﻡ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻀﺤﻰ. ﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺑﺘﻀﺎﺀﻝ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺤﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻀﺤﺎﻳﺔ. ﺗْﻀﺎﺟَﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋـﻞ
ﺗْﻀٔﺤّٔﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﰲ ﻋﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻜـﺒﲑ ﺗْﻀـﺤّﻰ ﰲ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺿﺎﺟﻊ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺣﺎﺭﺗﻨﺎ ﲜﻲ ﲬﺴﲔ ﺿﺤﻴّﺔ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣـﺬﺑﺢ ﺗْﻀﺎﺩﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻀﺎﺩّﺍ :ﺗَﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻦ ﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺗﻀﺤﻮﺍ ﻧﺎﺱ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﺗْﻀﺎﺭٔﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ :ﺿـﺮﺏ
ﻣﻦ ﺿﺤّﻰ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ :ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺤﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻀﺤﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻀﺎﺭُﺏ.
ﺗْﻀٔﺤّٔﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﺤّﻚ :ﺿـﺤِﻚ ﻭﻫـﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻀﺎﺭﺑﺖ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ .ﺗﻀـﺎﺭﺑﺖ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻀﺤّﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺳﺨﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﻣﺼﻠﺤﺘﻜﻦ.
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً. ﺗْﻀﺎﻋٔﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﺻـﺎﺭ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﱪُﻭ ﻋﺎﳊﻤّﺎﻡ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻻﺯﻣـﻮ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﲪّﺎﻡ ﺑﺘﻀﱠﺤﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳉﺎﻥ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﺎﻋُﻒ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻀﺤِﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺤﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺿـﺤّﻰ ﺗْﻀﺎﻓٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﺎﻓﺮﻭﺍ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺫﺑﺢ ﺍﻷﺿﺤﻴﺔ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﱳ(( :ﻭﺍﺷـﺘﻬﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻧﻮﺍ.
ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺿﺤّﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﺬﻟﻪ ﻓﺪﻳﺔ. ﺗْﻀﺎﻣَﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺿـﻤِﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺿـﺤّﻰ ﲟـﺎﻟﻮ ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺣـﻮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﻔِﻠﻪ.
ﻭﺑﺴﻌﺎﺩﺗﻮ ﻭ... ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻗﺎﻝ – ﻛﻌﺎﺩﺗﻪ – :ﺗَﻀﺎﻣﻦ
ﺗْﻀٔﺨّٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺿﺨّﻢ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺍﺗﻔﻘﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﲢﺪﻭﺍ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﻣﺮ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺿَﺨُﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻏَﻠُﻆ ﻭﻋﻈُﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﺮﺍﺋﻲ ﻳﺮﻯ ﰲ ))ﻓﻘـﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺔ
ﺟِﺮﻣُﻪ. ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ(( ﺹ ٧٤ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺗﻀﺎﻣﻦ :ﺗﻀﺎﻡّ.
ﺗْﻀﺎﻳٔﻖ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﻀـﺎﻳﻖ :ﺿـﺪّ
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ﺗْﻀٔﻌّٔﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻌّﻔﻪ :ﻋﺪّﻩ ﻭﰲ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ :ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺨّﻢ :ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺃﻭ
ﺿﻌﻴﻔﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺿﻌﻴﻔﺎً ،ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ: ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﺿﺔ ،ﻭﺿﺪﻩ
ﻧﺴﺒﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻀﻌﻒ. ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﺺ.
ﺗْﻀٔﻔّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻔّﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ :ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺨﻢ :ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻀـﻮ ﻋـﻦ
ﻣﻦ ﺿﻔَﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧَﺴﺞ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ. ﺣﺠﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺇﺛﺮ ﻣﺮﺽ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﺗْﻀٔﺮّٔﺏ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻃْﺤﲔ ﺧٕﺒﺰْﻧﺎ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺘﻀـﺮﺏ
ﻟﻮﻻ ﺧﻮﰲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣّﻚ ﻻ ﺗﺴﺄﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺣﻨﻄﺘﻮ ﲝﺒﻮﺏ ﻏﲑﺍ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﲣﻠﻂ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﻻﺣﻄّﻚ ﰲ ﺷﻌﺮﻱ – ﻳﺎ ﻋﻴﲏ! – ﻭﺍﺗﻀﻔّﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ. ﺗَﻀﺮّﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﲢﺮّﻙ ﻭﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ ﻭﻣﺎﺝ.
ﺗْﻀٔﻠّﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣٕﺘْﻀﻠّﻊ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﳎﺎﺯ ﺗْﻀٔﺮّٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﺮّﺭ :ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻪ ﺿﺮﺭ.
ﻣﻦ ﺗﻀﻠّﻊ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻣﺘﻸ ﺷِﺒﻌَﺎً ﻭﺭﻳّـﺎً ﺣـﱴ ﺑﻠﻐـﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻀﺮﱡﺭ.
ﺍﻷﺿﻼﻉ. ﺗْﻀٔﺮّٔﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﺮّﻉ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻀﻠﻊ ﺗﺬﻟّﻞ ،ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ :ﺍﺑﺘﻬﻞ ﻭﺗﺬﻟّﻞ ﻭﲣﺸّﻊ.
ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ :ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺍﳌﺘﻀـﻠﻊ ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ ،ﻷﻥ ﻭﻧﺮﻯ ﳓﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺿﺮﻋﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ
ﺗَﻀﻠّﻊ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻣﺘﻸ ﻭ))ﺍﻣﺘﻸ(( ﺗﺘﻌﺪّﻯ ﺑـ ))ﻣﻦ((. ﺍﳌﻌﺒﻮﺩ ﻛﺄﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻪ :ﲝﻖّ ﺃﻣﻮﻣﱵ ﺃﺑﺘﻬﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﺃﻥ..
ﺗْﻀٔﻠّﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺿـﻠّﻠﻪ ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﻒ – ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﺤﻒ ﺣﻠﺐ – ﻛﺜﲑ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﻴّﺮﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻀﻼﻝ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺛﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﲤﺜﻞ ﻧﺴـﺎﺀ ﻳـﺮﻓﻌﻦ ﺑﺄﻳـﺪﻳﻬﻦ
ﺗْﻀٔﻤّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﺃﺛﺪﺍﺀﻫﻦ.
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻤّﺪ ﺍﳉﺮﺡَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺷﺪّﻩ. ﺗْﻀٔﺮّٔﻉ :ﲟﻌﲎ ﲡﺸّﺄ.
ﺗْﻀٔﻤّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻀﻤﺮ ﺍﳊﺼﺎﻥ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺪﺭﻉ.
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻤّﺮ ﺍﳊﺼﺎﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺿﻌﻔﻪ ﻭﻗﻠّﻠﻪ. ﺗْﻀٔﻌْﻀٔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﻌﻀَـﻊ :ﺧﻀـﻊ ،ﺫﻝّ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻓﺘﻘﺮ ،ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ ﳌﺼﻴﺒﺔ.
ﺗْﻀٔﻤّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﻤّﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺷﺘﻤﻞ ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘْﻀٕﻌْﻀٓﻊ.
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻮﺍﻩ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻋﻨّﻲ :ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻣﻪ ﻋـﲏ )ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻻ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺿﻌﻀﻊ.
ﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﻥ ﻋﻨّﻲ( ،ﺍﳋﺴﺎﺭﺓَ :ﻏُﺮّﻣﻬﺎ. ﺗْﻀٔﻌّٔﻒ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻀـﻌّﻒ ﺍﳌﺒﻠـﻎ ،ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻀﻤﱡﻦ. ﺗْﻀﺎﻋﻒ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﺃﻭ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺿﻌّﻔﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺿﻌﻔﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺿﻌﺎﻓﺎً.
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ﺗْﻄٔﺎﺣٔﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺎﺣﺶ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﺑﺘﻀـﻤﻦ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻃﺤﺶ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﱐ .ﻋﻤّﻲ ﺗﻀﻤّﻦ ﺗﻮﺕ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺟﺔ .ﺍﻟﻠﻲ
ﺗْﻄٔﺎﺣٔﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺤﻦ. ﺳﺒّﺐ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺭ ﺑﺘﻀﻤّﻦ ﺍﳋﺴﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺘﻀﻤﲔ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﺻـﻄﻼﺡ
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻋـﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ :ﺇﺷﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺁﺧﺮ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﻟﻨـﺎ ﰲ
ﺑﺘﺘﻄﺎﺣﻦ ﻭﻟﻠﻴﻮﻡ ﻭﻟﺒﻜﺮﺍ ،ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻇﻠّﻠﻦ ﻋﻠـﻢ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ ))ﺃﻏﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺔ(( :ﰲ ﻧﺪﻭﺓ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻣﺮﺭﺕ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ))ﻣﺮّ((
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ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﺎﻭﻳﲔ ﺑﺪّﻥ ﻳﻨﻬﺒﻮﺍ ﻗﱪ ﺯﻛﺮﻳﺎ .ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺳﻜﺮﺕ ﺗْﻄٔﺒّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻄﺒّﺐ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻃﺒّﺒﻪ :ﻋﺎﳉﻪ،
ﺩﻛﺎﻛﻴﻨﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﺑﻖ. ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻰ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺐّ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻘﻨﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻄٔﺒّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺒّﺶ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺳـﻜّﺮ ﺍﻟﺴـﻮﻕ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺗﻄﺮﺑﻖ ﻧﺰﻝ ﺍﳌﻌﺘّﺮ ﻳﺘﺴﻮّﻕ. ﺗْﻄٔﺒّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﺒّﻊ ﺑﻄﺒـﺎﻉ ﺃﺑﻴـﻪ :ﲣﻠـﻖ
ﺗْﻄٔﺮّٔﺡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺩﻓﻌﺘﻮﻩ ﺗﻄﺮّﺡ ﻣـﻦ ﺑﺄﺧﻼﻗﻪ.
ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻜﻦ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮّﺡ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒّﻊ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻄٔﺒّٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﺒّﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣُﻄﺒّﻘﺎً ﺃﻱ:
ﺗْﻄٔﺮّٔﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻄﺮّﺯ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣُﻌْﻠَﻤﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺘﺢ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺒﺴﻂ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻃﺮّﺯ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﻭﺷّﺎﻩ ﻭﺯﻳّﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺪ ﺃﻭ ﲟﺎﻛﻴﻨـﺔ ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﺍﻭﻥ[ :ﺗﻄﺒّﻘﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺷﺎﺕ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺮﻳﺰ. ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺮﻳﺰ. ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻄﺒّﻘﺖ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣـﺮ .ﺗﻄﺒّﻘـﺖ
ﺗْﻄٔﺮّٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻃـﺮّﺵ. ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻄٔﺤﺒﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺤﺒﺠﺔ.
ﺗْﻄٔﺮﺷٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﺷـﻖ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻄٔﺨّٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺨّﺎﻩ.
ﺗْﻄٔﺮﻃٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻃـﻖ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺨﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﺨﺎﻳﺔ.
ﺗْﻄٔﺮّٔﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﺮّﻑ :ﺃَﺗَﻰ ﺍﻟﻄَﺮﻑ ،ﺟﺎﻭﺯ ﺗْﻄٔﺮّٔﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮّﺍﻩ.
ﺣﺪّ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻄﺮﱡﻑ. ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺮﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﺮﺍﻳﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬـﻢ[ :ﻓـﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻄـﺮّۤﻑ ﻭﺁﺭﺍﺀﻭٓ ﺗْﻄٔﺮﺑَﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺮﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﺑﺸﻪ :ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ
ﻣﺘﻄﺮﻓﺔ. ﻃﺒﺸﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻄٔﺮّٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻃـﺮّﻕ ﺗْﻄٔﺮﺑَﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻄﺮﺑﺶ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﺣﺎﺭﺗﻨﺎ،
ﺍﻟﻨﺤّﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ :ﺭﻗّﻘَﻪ ،ﻣﺪّﺩﻩ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺑﻮﺵ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ
ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻌﻴّﻦ. ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺑﻮﺵ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻄٔﺮّٔﻕ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻄﺮّﻕ ﻟﺬﻛﺮﻭ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ: ﺗْﻄٔﺮْﺑٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘـﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻄـﺮﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺴـﻮﻕ ﻷﻧـﻮ
ﺗَﻄﺮّﻕ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺍﺑﺘﻐﻰ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺎً.
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ﺗْﻄٔﻔﻄٔﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻔﻄﺢ. ﺗْﻄٔﺮﻣٔﺦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻣﺦ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻋﺔ[ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴـﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺠّـﻮﺭ: ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘْﻄٕﺮْﻣٓﺦ.
ﺗﻄﻔﻄﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﻜﺒﻜﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺠّﻮﺭ. ﺗْﻄٔﺮﻭٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻭﻕ.
ﺗْﻄٔﻔّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﻟّﺪﺓ :ﺗَﻄﻔّﻞ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻃﻔﻴﻠﻴﺎً. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻄٔﻘّٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻘّﻤﻮٓ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺍﻟﺘَﻄﺮﻳﺰ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻃﺮّﺯ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ :ﻭﺷّﺎﻩ ،ﺯﻳّﻨﻪ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺪ ﺃﻭ ﲟﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺮﻳﺰ.
ﺗْﻄٔﻘْﻤَﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻘﻤﺸﺔ. ﺗْﻄٔﻌّٔﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌّﺞ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻄﻌﻮﺝ.
ﺗْﻄٔﻠّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﻠّﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗْﻄٔﻌّٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌّﻢ ﺍﻟﻐﺼﻦ
ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻜﻠﻒ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﺻﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻏﺼﻨﺎً ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣـﻦ ﺷـﺠﺮﺓ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﻄٔﻠّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻄﻠّﻌﻪ :ﻧﻈﺮ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻃﻠﻌﺘـﻪ، ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺘﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﺑﺈﻃﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮﺋﻲّ. ﺗْﻄٔﻌّٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃُﻌّﻢ ﺿـﺪ
ﺗْﻄٔﻠّﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻄﻠﻊ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻣﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺘﻮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﺽ ﻣﻌﺪٍ :ﻟﻘّﺢ ﺑﺎﳉﺮﺍﺛﻴﻢ ﺃﻭ ﲟﺼﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻮﺑـﺎﺋﻲ
ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻬﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻠّﻌﻪ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺻﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﳌﺪﺍﻭﺍﺓ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺏ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ. ﻭﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﰲ ))ﺍﳌﱳ(( ﺇﻻ ))ﻃﻌّـﻢ(( ﺍﻟﻐﺼـﻦ،
ﺗْﻄٔﻠّٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻠّﻖ. ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﺗﻄﻌﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺪّ ﻣﻦ ﺫﺍﻙ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻄٔﻌْﻮٔﺝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﻮﺝ.
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺑﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻃﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﻃﻌﺞ ﻭﻃﻌﻮﺝ.
ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺑﻴﺪﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﺍﳉﺎﺑﺮﻱ ﺗﺸﺘﺮﻁ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ – ﺗْﻄٔﻔّﺎ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻔّﺎ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭ
ﺃﻥ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﳍﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻃﻔﺄ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﳘﺪﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻄٔﻤّﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﻤّﺲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏُ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﺳـﻢُ: ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻔﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﻔﺎﻳﺔ.
ﺍﻣّﺤﻰ ﻭﺍﻧﺪﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﻧﻄﻤﺲ. ﺗْﻄٔﻔّﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻔّﺢ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺀ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻃﻤﺲ ﻭﺍﻧﻄﻤﺲ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﻸﻩ ﺣﱴ ﻓﺎﺽ.
ﺗْﻄٔﻤّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﻤّﻊ :ﻧﺰﻋﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺗْ ٔﻄﻔّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻔّﺶ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺷﻬﻮﺓ ﻟﻪ.
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ﺗْﻄٔﻮّٔﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﻮّﻉ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻨﺪﻳﺔ :ﺍﳔـﺮﻁ ﰲ – ﺗْﻄٔﻤّﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻤّـﻦ
ﺳﻠﻜﻬﺎ ،ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺗﱪّﻉ ﺑﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﺍﻟﱵ ﺣﺮﻓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻃﻤﺄﻥّ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺳﻜﻦ ﻭﻭﺛﻖ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻄﻮﱡﻉ ،ﻣُﺘﻄﻮﱢﻉ. ﺗْﻄٔﻬّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﻄﻬّـﺮ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ ﻃﻬّـﺮ،
ﺗْﻄٔﻮّٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﻮّﻕ :ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻕ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺧﺘﱳ ،ﻛﺄﻥ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺘﺎﻥ ﺗﻄﻬّﺮ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻃﻮﱢﻕ ﻭﺃﺣﻴﻂ ﺑﻪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﻬﱡﺮ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻄﻮﱡﻕ. ﺗْﻄٔﻮّٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﻮّﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻟﺘﻒّ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻪ
ﺗﻄٔﻮّٔﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻮّﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻃﻮﻳﻼً. ﺍﻟﺘٕﻄﻮﺍۤﱄ :ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻄﻮﺍۤﱄ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ ،ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ
ﺗْﻄٔﻴّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﻴّﺐ :ﺗﻌﻄﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻴﺐ. ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻟﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﻴﱡﺐ. ﺗْﻄٔﻮّٔﺏ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻄﻮّﺑﺖ ﺍﳊﻮﺵ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻣﺮﺗـﻮ،
ﺗْﻄٔﻴّﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﻄﻴﺒﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻄﲔ ﺗﻴﺴﺎﻭﻭﺍ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻮّﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﻠٕﺒَﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻴﺴَﻴﻌﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﻴﻄﺎﻥ. ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻮٓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻠﻴﻚ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻣﻲ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻄﻴّﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺒّﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻃﻮﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻮ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻀﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﻻ ﻧﺮﺍﳘﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﺗْﻄٔﻮّٔﺭ :ﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﻐﻴّـﺮ ،ﻟﻜـﻦ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻄﻴّﺐ ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ :ﺟﻌـﻞ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ ﻃﻴﺒـﺎً ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗَﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻮّﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ
ﻟﻸﻛﻞ ،ﻭﻟﻼﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻖ. ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻮْﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ،ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ
ﺗْﻄٔﻴّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻄﻴّﻦ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻃﻴّﻨﻪ :ﻃـﻼﻩ ﲢﻮّﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺇﱃ ﺣﺎﻝ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣـﻦ ﻃـﻮﺭ ﺇﱃ
ﺑﺎﻟﻄﲔ ،ﻟﻄﺨﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﲔ. ﻃﻮﺭ ،ﰒ ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘـﺄﺧﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﻈٔﺎﻫٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻈﺎﻫﺮ :ﻇﻬﺮ ،ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻧﻮﺍ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﺪﺕ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺭﻓﻴﻌﺔ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ،ﻭﲰﻰ ﺎ ﻓﺘﺤـﻲ
ﻭﲰﻮﺍ :ﺍﳌﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺯﻏﻠﻮﻝ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ)) :ﺳﺮ ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ(( ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺑـﺪﺍﺀ ﺭﺃﻳﻬـﻢ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ١٣ﺹ ٣٩٩ﻭﺱ ١٩ﺹ ٢١١
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ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻮْ :ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻮﺍ. ﺗْﻈٔﺎﻫٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻘﺮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻑ :ﺗﻌﺎ ،ﺗﻌﻲ ،ﺗﻌﻮﺍ. ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻇﻬﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺑﺪﺍ ﻭﺑﺎﻥ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺎ ﲜﻲ ﲢﺘﻚ ﺗﻌﺎ ﻓﻮﻗﻮ .ﺍﳌـﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻈﺎﻫُﺮ.
ﲜﻲ ﻣﻌﻚ ﺗﻌﺎ ﻣﻌﻮ .ﻳﺎ ﻣﺘﻠْﻨﺎ ﺗَﻌﻮﺍ ﻟﻴﻨﺎ .ﻳﺎ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮ ﺗْﻈٔﺒّٔﻂ :ﺃﻭ ﺗﺰﺑّﻂ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻀﺒّﻂ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ
ﺑَﻼ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺗﻌﺎ ﻟﻠﺼﺎﱘ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻇﺒّﻂ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﻣـﻦ ﺿـﺒﻄﻪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺘﻞ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺑﻞ :ﺭﻭﺡ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣﻔﻈﻪ ﺑﺎﳊﺰﻡ ،ﺃﺧﺬﻩ ﺃﺧـﺬﺍً ﺷـﺪﻳﺪﺍً ،ﰒ
ﺭﻭﺡ ﺗﻌﺎ ﺗﻌﺎ. ﻟﻔﻈﻮﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﺑﻘﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ ﻇـﺎﺀً .ﺃﻣـﺎ ﺍﻟـﺰﺍﻱ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﻌﺎ ﺑﻘﺎ ﻭﻗﻨﺪﻗﺎ. ﻓﺘﺤﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﺀ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗْﻈﺒّﻂ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ،ﺗْﻈﺒّﻂ ﺍﻟﺸّﻐﻞ.
ﻛﺸﻔۤﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻗﺎﻟۤﺖ ﺗﻌﺎ ﺗﻔﺮّﺝ ﺗْﻈٔﺮّٔﻑ :ﺃﻭ ﺗﺰﺭّﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻈﺮﻑ :ﺗﻜﻠـﻒ
ﳐﺰﻥ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﻭﺑﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﺮﳒﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺎﺳﺔ.
ﺗَﻌّٔﻰ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳊْﻤﺎۤﻣﺎﰐ :ﺧﻠﻂ ﻃﲑﻙ ﺑﻜﺸّﱵ ﻭﺗَﻌﻴّﺖ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻈﺮﱡﻑ.
ﻟﻼ ﻭﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﻭﻛﻤﺸﺘﻮ ،ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺣﻼﱄ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻧﺎﺩﻳﺘـﻪ ﺗْﻈٔﻔّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻇﻔﺮ.
ﺑﻘﻮﱄ :ﺗَﻌْﻦ ﺗَﻌْﻦ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﺳﺘﺘﻌﺎﻩ :ﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﻟﻄﻴﻔﺎً. ﺗْﻈٔﻠّﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻇﻠّﻠـﻪ
ﺗْﻌٔﺎﺗَﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﺗﺒﻮﺍ :ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻇﻼ.
ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ،ﻻﻡ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻇﻠﻞ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﺗُﺐ. ﺗْﻈٔﻠّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻈﻠّﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺷﻜﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻇﻠﻤﻪ.
ﺗْﻌٔﺎﺩَﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻋﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺗَﻌﺎ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣـﻦ ﺗﻌـﺎﻟَﻰ
ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻫﻠﻢّ ،ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱄ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﺷـﻪ
ﺗْﻌﺎﺩَﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﻟـﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺧﺬ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﺍﺯﻧﻪ ،ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺌﲔ :ﺳﻮﱠﻯ. ﻣﲏ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻄﲏ .ﻭﺳﺒﺐ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻻﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻻﻡ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﺩُﻝ ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ. ))ﻟَﻬﻮٓﻥ(( ﺃﻭ ))ﻟَﻌﻨﺪﻱ(( ،ﰒ ﲪﻞ ﻣـﺎ ﺳـﻮﻯ ﻫـﺬﻳﻦ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺭﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﺎﺩُﻝ. ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ.
ﺗْﻌﺎﺭٔﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ :ﻋـﺎﺭﺽ ﻭﺷﺬ ﻏﻨﺎﺅﻫﻢ :ﺗﻌﺎﻻ ﱄ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺒﻴﱯ ﺗﻌﺎﻻ ﱄ
ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ. ﻻ ﻧﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﺃﻫﻠَﻚ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻫﻠﻲ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻌﺎﺭﺿﺖ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﱀ.
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ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻇُﻢ. ﺗْﻌﺎﺭٔﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻋﺮﻑ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ
ﺗْﻌﺎﻓَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻓَﻰ :ﻧﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ. ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
ﺗْﻌﺎﻗٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻗﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻗﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﺭُﻑ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ :ﻋﻘﺐ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ،ﺗﻌﺎﻗﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺻـﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺼـﺒﺢ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﺭﻓـﺖ
ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺣﻠﺔ :ﺗﻨﺎﻭﺑﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻟﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﻩ .ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺳﺎﻭﻯ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺣﻔﻠـﺔْ
ﻭﺗﻨﺎﻭﺑﻮﻩ. ﺗَﻌﺎﺭُﻑ.
ﺗْﻌﺎﻗٔﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﻄـﻼﺏ ﺍﳌﺨـﺎﻟﻔﲔ ﺑـﺪّﻥ ﺗْﻌﺎﺭٔﻙ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺗﻼ.
ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﻮﺍ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻗﺒﻪ ﺑﺬﻧﺒـﻪ ﺗْﻌﺎﺯَﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﺯﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ :ﺍﻧﻌﺰﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺧﺬﻩ ﺑﻪ. ﻋﻦ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ.
ﺗْﻌﺎﻗٔﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻗﺪﺍ :ﺗﻌﺎﻫﺪﺍ. ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﺎﺳۤﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺗَﻌَﺲ ﻭﺗَﻌِﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓَﻌﺎﻟۤﺔ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻗُﺪ. ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﳘﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺍﻟﺘَﻌْﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘَﻌَﺲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻌﺎﻗﺪ ﻣﻌﻮٓ. ﺗْﻌﺎﺷٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﺷـﺮ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ :ﺗَﺼـﺎﺣﺒﻮﺍ
ﺗْﻌﺎﻛﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻛﺲ :ﺍﻧﻘﻠـﺐ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻭﺗَﺨﺎﻟﻄﻮﺍ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣـﺪ ﻋﻜـﺲ ﺍﻵﺧـﺮ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﺷُﺮ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ :ﺗﻀﺎﺩّﺍ. ﺗْﻌﺎﺷٔﻖ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﻌﺸّﻘﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ.
ﺗْﻌﺎﻟَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻟَﻰ :ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ. ﺗْﻌﺎﺿٔﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻌﺎﱃ. ﺗَﻌﺎﺿﺪﻭﺍ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻭﻧﻮﺍ ،ﺗَﻨﺎﺻﺮﻭﺍ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻟِﻲ. ﺗْﻌﺎﻃٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻃﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﻪ ،ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ:
ﺗَﻌﺎﻟَﻰ :ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗَﻌﺎﱃ ))ﻭﺗَﻌﺎﱃ ﲟﻌﲎ: ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺧﺎﺽ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ(( :ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﺟﻼﻝ ﺧﺼﻮﺍ ﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺳﻮﺍﻩ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻃِﻲ.
ﺧﺼﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ))ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ(( ،ﻭﻛﻤـﺎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺘﻌـﺎﻃﻰ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﻕ
ﺧﺼﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴّﺎً ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ))ﻛﺮّﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ(( ،ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺧﺼـﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﳊﺸﻴﺶ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﺳﺮﺓ ﺭﻭ ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻰ ﺍﻷﺳـﺒﺎﺏ
ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ))ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ(( ،ﻭﻛﻤـﺎ ﺧﺼـﻮﺍ ﻟﻌﻴﺎﻟﻚ :ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍۤ ﻭﻛٕﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﻨـﻮ
ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ))ﻗﺪّﺱ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺮّﻩ(( .ﻭﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺗﺴﻜّﻦ ﺧﺒﺰﺗﻚ ﺑﻌﺮﻕ ﺟﺒﻴﻨﻚ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﺎۤﺩۤﺓ.
ﺗﺎﺀﻫﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺇﺟﻼﻝ ﺍﷲ ﻓﺘﺒﻘﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻌﺎﻇٔﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻇﻢ :ﺗَﻜﺒّﺮ.
ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ .ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﻛـﻞ ﺍﻷﻣـﻢ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ)) :ﺍﷲ ﺗَﻌﺎﻟَﻰ((.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ :ﺍﷲ ﺍﻧﺘﻌـﺎﻟَﻰ
ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﻭﺭﺏ ﺍﻧﺘﻌﺎﻟَﻰ ،ﻓﻴﺤﺮﻓﻮﺎ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﻗﻊ ﺑﻘﺒﻘـﺎﺑﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴـﻞ ﺗْﻌﺎﰿ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﰿ :ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝ ،ﻭﺗﻌـﺎﰿ
ﺑﺘﻌﺎﻭﺫﻭﺍ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﺍﳉﺎﻥ. ﻣﻌﻪ :ﻏﺎﻟﺒﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺗﻘﺎﺗﻠﻮﺍ.
ﺗْﻌﺎﻭٔﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻋﺎﻭﻥ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻟٓﻦ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﲔ ﺑﺘﻌﺎﳉﻮﺍ ﻣﻊ
ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﺑﻌﻀﻦ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺪﻱ ﻣﻨّﻚ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﺪّﻙ ﻣﻨّﻲ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻭُﻥ. ﺗْﻌﺎﻟٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺭَﺩّﻭﺍ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻘﻮﺍ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﻀﻦ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻣﻌـﻮ ﻭﺗْﻌـﺎﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ :ﺍﺭﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻭﺍﻷﺧﲑﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻧﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﻜﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﳋﺼﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎﻝ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻧﻮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺷﻘﻴﻮﺍ. ﺗْﻌﺎﻣَﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻌﺎﻣﻰ ﻋﻨّـﻮ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﺎﻭﻧﻴّﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗَﻌﺎﻣَﻰ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻤَﻰ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻪ.
ﺍﳌﺨﺰﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻴﺔ ﺗﺒﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻣِﻲ.
ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻇﻔﲔ ﺑﺴﻌﺮ ﻣﻌﺘﺪﻝ .ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻧﻴـﺎﺕ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴـﺔ ﺗْﻌﺎﻣَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ
ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻼﻝ ﻏﻼﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻼﻻً ﲨﺎﻋﻴﺎً ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺎً. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻌﺎﻣُﻞ.
ﺗْﻌﺎﻳٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺗَﻌـﺎﻳﺒﻮﺍ ،ﻋﻴّـﺮ ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻓﻮ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟـﻮ:
ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﺑﻌﺮﻓﻮ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺗْﻌﺎﻣﻠﺖ ﻣﻌﻮ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻻ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟـﻮ:
ﺗْﻌﺎﻳَﺶ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻤﻲ، ﻳَﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻓﻮ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﱰﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻴﺶ ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺗْﻌﺎﻧَﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻧﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻋﺎﻧـﺪ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺟﻨﺒﺎً ﺇﱃ ﺟﻨﺐ ﺑﺴﻼﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺍﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﲟﺒﺎﺩﺋﻪ .ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻳَﺸﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺩﺓ: ﺗْﻌﺎﻧٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻧﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ :ﻋﺎﻧﻖ ﺃﺣﺪُﳘﺎ
ﻋﺎﺷﻮﺍ ﳎﺘﻤﻌﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺩﺓ. ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺃﻱ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻨﻘﻪ ﻭﺿﻤّﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺻﺪﺭﻩ.
ﺗْﻌﺎﻳٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﻗـﺔ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻧُﻖ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺎ :ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﺎﻳﻖ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺧﻔﻴـﻒ ،ﺑﻴﻨـﺎ ﺗْﻌﺎﻫَﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻌﺎﻫَـﺪ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ :ﺗَﺤـﺎﻟﻔﻮﺍ،
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﲏ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺎﻳﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻖ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﻮﻕ ﻭﻳـﺆﺧﺮ ﺗﻌﺎﻗﺪﻭﺍ.
ﻭﻳُﺸﻐﻞ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺎﻫُﺪ.
ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺮﺍ ﳉﻮﺯﺍ :ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﲰﻌـﺖ ﺑﺄﺩﻧـﻚ ﺗْﻌﺎﻭَﺫ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻋـﺎﺫ
ﺃﻣﻚ ﺩﺍﳝﺎً ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻝ ﱄ :ﺩٕﻱ ﺗﻌـﺎﻳﻘﻲ ﺩٕﻱ ،ﻗـﺎﻝ ﻻ :ﻻ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻻﺫ ﻭﳉﺄ ،ﺑﺎﷲ :ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃﻋـﻮﺫ ﺑـﺎﷲ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗﺮﺩّﻱ ﻋﻠﻴّﺎ. ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ.
ﺗﻌﺎﻳَﺪ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻳـﺪ
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ﻻ ﲢﻀَﺮ ﻛۤﻴﻼ ﺑﺘﺘﻐﺒّﺮ ﺩﻗﻨﻚ ﻭﺑﺘﺘﻌﺐ ﺑﺸﻴۤﻼ. ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺑﺎﺩﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻨﺌﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻴﺪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻳﻀﻴّﻊ ﻟَﻚ ﺗﻌﺐ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﺷْﻘٔﺪْ ﰲ ﺷﻜﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺎ ﻻ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﻟﺰﻭﻡ :ﺷﻘﺪ ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﺃﻫﺎﱄ ﻭﺍﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ،ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﻧْﺴﻴﺖ ﺗَﻌَﱯ ﻳﺎ ﺯﻏﻴّﺮ ﻃﻌﻤﻴﺘﻚ ﻟﻮﺯ ﻭﺳﻜﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴّﺎﺿﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﲑﻭ ﰲ ﻗﺴﻄﻞ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻣـﻲ ﻭﻏـﲑﻭ ﰲ
ﻟﻜﻦ ﺣﻈّﻲ ﺍﳌﻌﺘّﺮ ﺧﻼﻙ ﺗﻘﺴَﻰ ﻋَﻠَﻴّﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺳﺔ ،ﻭﻏﲑﻭ ﻭﻏﲑﻭ ،ﻻﺯۤﻡ ﺗﺰﻭﺭﻥ ﻛﻠّﻦ ،ﻭﺯﻳـﺎﺩﺓ
ﺗَﻌّٔﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌـﺐ ﺍﻟـﻼﺯﻡ، ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺿﻴﺎۤﻓﱳ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﺏ ﻭﻗﻬﻮﺓ ﻭﺣﻠﻮ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﻭﻣﺘﻌﺪﻳﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺃﺗﻌﺐ. ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺃﺑﺸﻌﲔ ﳌﺎ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﺗﻨﺤﻂ ﻟﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺴـﻔﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻷﻛـﻞ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻔّﻒ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ ﺑﺘﻌّﺐ ﺃﺟﺮﻳـﻪ. ﻣﺪﻫﻦ ﻭﺷﻘﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻟﻠﻚ ﻣﺪﻫﻦ ،ﻭﻫﺎﶈﺸـﻴﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﮕﲔ ﺑﺘﻌّﺐ ﺣﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﲑ. ﺷﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻃﺮﻱ ،ﺇﻱ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﻠﺖ ﺷﻲ ﺇﻱ ﺣﻠّـﻲ ﲤـﻚ
ﺗْﻌَﺒّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺒّـﻰ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺎﻟﺴﻘّﺎﻃﺔ ،ﺩۤﻱ ﺑﺲ ﻫﺎﻟﻠﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳﺒﺔ ،ﻭﻫﺎﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﺟـﺔ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻋَﺒَﺄ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﺿﻌﻪ ﺑﺲ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﱄ ،ﻭﰲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻏﲑﻭ ﻫﻴﻚ ﻭﻫﻴـﻚ ﻭﻫﻴـﻚ
ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﻌﺾ. ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﻋﻄﻲ ﻋﻴـﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﳋـﺪّﺍﻡ
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻌﺒّﻰ ﻗﻠﺒﻮ ﻣﻨّﻲ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻣـﺘﻸ ﺍﳉﺎۤﻣﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺤّﺮ ﻭﻛﻨّﺎﺱ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﺭﺱ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻨـﻮﺍﰐ
ﻏﻴﻈﺎً ﻭﺣﻘﺪﺍً. ﺍﺳﻜﺐ ﻟﻮ ﻭﻋﻴﺪﻭ ،ﻭﻟﺰﻏﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﻳﺒﻴﻨﻚ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﺵ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺎﻱ. ﺃﻗﻮﻝ ﻟﻚ ،ﺷﻲ ﺑﻘﺮّۤﻑ ﻭﺠّﺞ ﻣﺎﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻘﺎﻟﺘﻮٓ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﺒﺎﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻌﺒﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ: ﺗْﻌﺎﻳَﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺗﻌﺒﺎﻧﺔ ،ﻭﻋﺮﺑﻴﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘَﻌِﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺘَﻌِﺒﺔ .ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻧُﺒﺎﺗـﺔ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻧﻈﺮ ﺎ.
ﳊﻦ ﺇﺫ ﻗﺎﻝ: ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﺎﻳﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻛـﻢ ﻳـﻮﻡ
ﺗﻌﺒﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﳉﺴﻢ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﺎﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻏﲑﻭ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺘﻌﺎﻳﻦ :ﻛُﺸِﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﺘﻪ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗَﺮﻯ ﻃﻴّﺒﺔُ ﺍﻟﻘﻠ ِ
ﺐ ﺗٕﻌۤﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌِﺐ :ﺃﻋﻴﺎ ﻭﻛﻞّ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺡ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻮ ﺗﻌﺒﺎﻧﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺳﻴّﺌﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻌﻄﻲ ﺃﺩﻧﻮ ﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﻗﻠﺒﻮ ﺗﻌﺒﺎﻥ. ﺑﺘﻌﺐ ،ﺷﻐﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﻮﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ .ﺿﻴّﻊ ﻟﻮ ﺗﻌﺒﻮ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺷﺎۤﻳﻞ ﺩﻗﻨﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﺎﱐ ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﺒﺘﻚ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﺟﺮﻫﺎ
ﺗﻌﺒﺎﻥ ﻓﻴّﺎ. ﰲ ﺫﻣﱵ.
ﺗٕﻌﺒﺎﻥ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺜُﻌﺒﺎﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﳊﻴّﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺧﻞ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺎﻝ ﻣﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ :ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺒﺎﻥ. ﺑﻨـﻮﺑﻮ ﻏﲑ ﺗﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻝ .ﺍﳊﻨﻄـﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻫِﻲْ ﺇﻟـﻚ
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]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺘﻌﺘۤﻊ ﺃﺟﺎ ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﺒِﺌَﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻱ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺣﺸﺪ ﺍﳉﻴﻮﺵ
ﻋﻢ ﺑﺒﻴﻊ ﺒﻬﺎﻥ: ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫﺒﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ.
– ﺵْ ﺵ ﺷﻘﺪ ﺣﻖ ﺣﻖ ﺣﻘﻮ؟ ﺍﻟ ﺘٕﻌﺒﺎﻱ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﺒّﻰ ﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﺣﻠـﺐ –ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ –
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ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺪﱢﻱ. ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻘﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﺒﺔ ﻷﺎ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ﺗﻔـﺮﺵ ﰲ ﻋﺘﺒـﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻌﺪﱠﻯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻭٓ. ﻣﺴﻄﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﻏﻨﻴﺎﺀ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﺍﻱ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺒﺎ ﻛﻔﺮ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﺘﺐ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﺪﺍﺩ: ﺗْﻌٔﺠّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻌﺠّﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﻋﺠﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻋَﺪّ :ﺃﺣﺼﻰ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺠﱡﺐ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﺍﻱ :ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﺍﻳﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻋـﺪﱠﻯ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ.((!)) :
ﺗْﻌﺪﱠﺏ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﻌﺬّﺏ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺗﻌﺬﺏ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﺑﻌﲔ ﺍﻟﻀﻌﻴﻒ ﺗﻴﺘﻌﺠّـﺐ
ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺫﺍﳍﺎ ﺩﺍﻻً. ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻱ.
ﺗْﻌﺪﱠﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺪّﺩ :ﺯﺍﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻴﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻜﺮﱠﻡ ﺑﺘﺘﻌﺠّـﺐ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺪﱡﺩ ﻭﻣُﺘﻌﺪﱢﺩ. ﻣﻼﻳﻜْﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎ.
ﺗْﻌﺪﱠﺱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪّﺱ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺗْﻌٔﺠﺮٔﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻌﺠﺮﻑ :ﺗﻜﺒّﺮ.
ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﺱ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﻃﺌﻪ ﺷـﺪﻳﺪﺍً ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﰲ ))ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠـﺐ(( ﺟ ١ﺹ: ١٣۲
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻃﺌﻪ ﺣﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺳﺔ ﻭﻃﺤﻨﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻨـﻪ ﺳﻨﺔ :١٨٢۰ﺃﺭﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺭﺩﻳﻨﺎﻝ ﻓﺮﻟﻮﺱ ...ﺇﱃ ﻣﻄﺮﺍﻥ
ﻋﺪﺱ ﺍﳊﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﻋﺪﺱ ﻗﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻥ. ﺣﻠﺐ :ﺟﺮﻣﺎﻧﻮﺱ ﺣﻮّﺍ ...:ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﻨّـﺎ ﻋﺠـﺰ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﻌﺪّﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪّﻝ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺗﺼﺮﻓﺎﺗﻜﻢ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺩﻛﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺠﺮﻑ....
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﻝ .ﻭﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺘﻌﺪّﻝ :ﺗﻠﻄﻒ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺗْﻌٔﺠّﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺠّﺰ :ﺍﺩﱠﻋﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺠـﺰ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻭﺳﻄﺎً. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃُﺯﻋﺞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﺪﱠﻝ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ ،ﻭﺗﻌﺪّﻟﺖ ﺍﳌﺎﺩّﺓ ﻛﺬﺍ، ﺗْﻌٔﺠّٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺠّﻖ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﻭﺗﻌﺪّﻝ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻘﺲ ﺗْﻌﺪّﻝ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌَﺠَﻖ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﺪﻳﻦ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﺪّﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﻨـﻮﻩ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﺠﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺠﻖ.
ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻥ. ﺗْﻌٔﺠّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺠّﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺃﺳﺮﻉ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﻭﺗﻨﻘﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﰒ ﺗْﻌٔﺠّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺠّﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻋﺠﻴﻨﺎً.
ﺻﻨﻌﻬﺎ. ﺗْﻌٔﺪﱠﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺪﱠﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﺎﻭﺯﻩ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻪ،
ﺗْﻌﺬّﺏ :ﺃﻭ ﺗﻌﺪّﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﻇﻠﻤﻪ.
ﻋﺬّﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻧﺰﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﻝ ،ﻭﺗﻌـﺪّﺏ )ﺑﺎﻟـﺪﺍﻝ ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ :ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﺪﱢﻱ ،ﻭﺯﺍﺩﻭﺍ ﻫـﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻌـﺪﺍﻱ
ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ( ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺗﻌﺬّﺏ. ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﺍﻳﺔ.
ﺗْﻌﺬّٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺬّﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺗﻌﺴّﺮ ،ﺍﻣﺘﻨﻊ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳَﻘٕﺘَﻚ ﺍﻟﺮّٕﻋْﻨﺎۤ ﺗﻌﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﺪﻳﺎﻻ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺬﱡﺭ ﻭﻣﺘﻌﺬﱢﺭ.
)ﻭﻳﺮﻭﻯ :ﺗﻌﺮﺑﺶ ﺑﺪﻳﺎﻻ(. ﺗْﻌﺮّٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺮﱠﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻴﺎﺑﻪ :ﺧﻠﻌﻬﺎ ،ﲡﺮّﺩ
ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻗﺎﻥ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﺑﻂ ﲝﺒﺎۤﻝ ﺍﻟﻌٕﺮْﻣٓﻂ.. ﻣﻨﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻣﻂ. ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﺍﻳﺔ.
ﺗْﻌﺮْﺑٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﺮﺑﻘﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﺑﻘـﺔ ﻣـﻮ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗْﻌـﺮﱠﻯ ﻓﻴـﻪ )ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺷْﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠـﻞ ﺿﺎﺟﻌﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﺎﺭٍ( ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﺳـﺘﻮﱃ
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﺑﻖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﻻ ﺗﺴﻄﻊ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻭﻻﺩ ﺣﺎﺭﺗﻨﺎ ﻛﻮ ﻋﮕﻴﺪ
ﺗْﻌﺮْﺩَﺵ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻋﺰﻡ ﻟﻚ ﻛﻢ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ ﻣـﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺗﻨﺎ ﺑﺘﻌﺮّﻯ ﻓﻴﻚ.
ﻫﺎﻟﻜﻼۤﻟﻴﺐ ﺑﺘﺘﻌﺮﺩﺵ ﻫﺎﻟﻌﻀﺎﻡ ﻛﻼّ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﺗْﻌﺮّٔﺏ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﺮّﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﺩﺵ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮّﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﻘﻠﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺃﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ.
ﺗْﻌﺮّٔﺱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮّﺱ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻌﺮْﺑَﺶ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻋﺮﺑﺶ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[:
ﺗْﻌﺮّٔﺵ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺮﱠﺵ :ﺗَﺨﻴّﻢ ،ﺑﺎﳌﻜﺎﻥ :ﺛﺒﺖ، ﺗﻌﺮﺑﺶ ﻋﺎﻟﺴﺘﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﺴﻠّﻖ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً،
ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﻋﺮﻳﺸﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﺮﺵ. ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
ﺗْﻌﺮّٔﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮَ ﻭﻟﻸﻣـﺮ ﻭﺇﱃ –ً ١ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺮّﺵ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ ﺑﻔـﻼﻥ :ﺗﻌﻠّـﻖ ﺑـﻪ،
ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺗَﺼﺪﱠﻯ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻃﻠﺒﻪ ،ﻭﻟﻜﺬﺍ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻫﺪﻓﺎً ﻟﻪ. ﺃﻗﺤﻤﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﺎﺀ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﺘﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺮﱡﺽ. –ً ٢ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﺩﺵ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺭﻛﺒﻪ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺩﺍﻟـﻪ
ﺗْﻌﺮّٔﺽ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻋـﺮّﺽ ﺑﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻋﺮﻳﻀﺎً. –ً ٣ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﻭﺵ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ :ﺗﻌﻠّﻖ ﺑﻪ ،ﺑﺎﳌﻜـﺎﻥ:
ﺗْﻌﺮّٔﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺮﱠﻑ ﺑﻔﻼﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓـﺎً ﺛﺒﺖ ،ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑﺔَ :ﺭﻛﺒﻬﺎ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﻭﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺀ.
ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺗﻄﻠﺒﻪ ﺣﱴ ﻋﺮﻓﻪ ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻪ. –ً ٤ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﻜﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺭﻛـﺐ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻪ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴـﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ: ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻛﺎﻓﻬﺎ ﺭﺍﺀ ﻭﺳﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺷﻴﻨﺎً.
ﺗﻌﺮّﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺣﺪﺙ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ،ﻭﻫـﻮ ﻣـﻦ ﺗْﻌﺮﺑٔﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻗﺎﻥ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﺷﻲ ﻳﺘﻌﺮﺑﻂ ﻓﻴﻪ،
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻲ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻـﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺔ ﻻ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻤﺴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﻌﺘﺼﻢ ﺑﻪ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻـﻼً،
ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻭﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﺒّﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﻨـﻰ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺟـﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺗﻌﺮﺑﺶ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﲜﻌﻞ ﺷﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻃـﺎﺀ،
ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﳌﻮﻟـﺪﻳﻦ :ﺗﻌﺮّﻑ ﺑﻪ )ﻣﻌﺪّﻯ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ( ،ﻭﻫــﻮ ﺃﻭ ﳓﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﻠّﻖ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﺒﻂ ،ﺃﻭ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻓﻌﻼً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻣﻂ
ﻣﺒﲏّ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻗﻮﻟـﻚ)) :ﻋﺮّﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ(( ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﻌﻠﺘـﻪ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺴﻚ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺃﺑﺪﻟﻮﺍ ﻣﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺀ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺘﻌـﺮﺑﻂ ﻟـﻮ ﺑﻮﺣـﺪﺓ
ﻛﻮﻳﺴﺔ ﻭﺯﻧﮕﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺼﺢّ ﻟﻠﻮ )ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ:
ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺘﻌﺮﺑﺶ ﻟﻮ ﺑﻮﺣﺪﺓ.(....
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))ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔـﺔ((ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﭙﻮﻟﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻪ )ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺆﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ))ﺍﳌﺼﺒﺎﺡ((( .ﻭﻗـﺪ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.TARIFA : ﻭﺭﺩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ))ﺍﻷﻏﺎﱐ(( :ﰲ ﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻝ ...ﻭﰲ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.TARIF : ))ﻧﻔﺢ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺐ(( :ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻋﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺸـﻘﻲ...
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.TARIFF : ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺳﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ.TARIF : ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻓﺔ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻔﺔ(()) :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻓﺔ((.
ﺗْﻌﺰﱠﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺰﱠﻯ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﺗَﺴﻠّﻰ ﻭﺗَﺼﺒّﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻔﺔ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻌﺰﱠﻯ ﻋﺮﺍﺳﻮ ﻭﺗْﺠﻮّﺯ ،ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ: ﺗْﻌﺮّٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮّﻕ.
ﻧُﻜﺐ ﻭﺃُﺻﻴﺐ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻌﺰﱠﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺰّﺯ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻋﺰﻳﺰﺍً ،ﺑﻪ :ﺗﺸﺮﱠﻑ، ﺗْﻌﺮْﻗٔﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﻗﺐ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺗَﺪﻟّﻞ ،ﺟﻌﻞ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﺰﻳـﺰ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻝ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻱ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺮﻏﺐ ﰲ ﺃﻥ ﺗْﻌﺮْﻗٔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌْﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﻗﻞ.
ﻳﺒﻴﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻱ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺰﱡﺯ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻌﺮﻗﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﲑ.
ﺗْﻌﺰﱠﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺰّﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ ﺗْﻌﺮّٔﻡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻌﺮّﻣﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻔّﺎﻳﺔ ﻟَﺪﻳﻨﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﻋﺰّﻝ ﺍﳉﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻧﻈﻔﻪ ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﳎﺎﺯ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﱠﻡ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻋﺰّﻟﻪ :ﻋَﺰَﻟﻪ ﻭﻧَﺤـﺎﻩ ،ﻛﺄﳕـﺎ ﺗْﻌﺮْﻭٔﺝ :ﺃﻭ ﺗﻌﻠﻮﺝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﻳﻨﺤﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺗﻨﺤﻴﺘﻪ ﲤﻬﻴﺪﺍً ﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻔﻪ. ﺗﻌﻮّﺝ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻧﻌﻄﻒ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﺰﻝ. ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﺮﳚﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻌﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮّﺝ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫـﺎ
ﺍﻟﺘَﻌْﺲ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺸَﺮّ ﻭﺍﻟﺒُﻌـﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺜـﻮﺭ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﺝ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺮﳚﺔ:
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻨَﺤﺲ. ﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺴﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻌﺮﳚﻴﻨﺔ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﻐﻀﻮﺏ ﻛﻞ ﺃﻣﻮﺭﻭ ﺗَﻌـﺲ ﻭﲨﻌﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﳚﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘَﻌﺎﺭﻳﺞ.
ﺑﺘَﻌﺲ. ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻔۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﺮﻳﻔَﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣـﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺼﺎﱀ ﺍﻟﻘﻂّ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺗَﻌﺲ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮّﻑ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺋﻤـﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﻄّﺎﺭ )ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺒﻴﻊ ﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭ(. ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻌﺎﺭ ،ﻭﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ :ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻔﺔ ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﺵ
ﺗٕﻌۤﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌَﺲ :ﻋﺜﺮ ﻭﺃﻛﺐّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ. ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻍ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﻌۤﺲ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﻌَﺲ. ﻭﳜﻄﺌﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻔﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻓﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺳـﻌﺎﺭ
ﻫﻢ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ،ﻭﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ.
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ﻋَﺸّﺶ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺗّﺨﺬ ﻋﺸّﺎً. ﺗْﻌﺴّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻌﺴّﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺍﺷﺘَﺪّ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻯ
ﺗْﻌﺸّٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺸّﻘﻪ :ﻋﺸﻘﻪ ،ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ. ﻭﺻﻌﺐ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺸﱡﻖ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺴﱡﺮ.
ﺗْﻌﺼّٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺼّﺐ :ﻗﺎﻭﻡ ﺧﺼﻤﻪ ﻭﺭﺃﻯ ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻌﺴّﺮﺕ ﻭﻻﺩﺓ ﻣﺮﺍ ﻻﺯﻡ
ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﰲ ﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺬﻫﺒـﻪ :ﻛـﺎﻥ ﳚﻴﺒﻮﺍ ﻻ ﺷﺮﻭﺍﻝ ﺭﺟّﺎﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﻜﺸﻒ ﺩﻳﻠﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣـﺮﺍﻡ
ﻏﻴﻮﺭﺍً ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﺪﺍﻓﻌﺎً ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ،ﻟﻪ ﻭﻣﻌﻪ :ﻧﺼﺮﻩ ﻭﺣـﺎﻣﻰ ﺣﱴ ﺗﺘﻴﺴّﺮ ﻭﻻﺩﺗﺎ.
ﻋﻨﻪ. ﺗْﻌﺴّﻒ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﺴّﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺼﱡﺐ. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺴّﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻌﺼّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﺗْﻌﺸّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﺸّﻰ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻌَﺸﺎﺀ.
ﺃﻛﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﻌﺼﺮﻥ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ! ﻋﺒّﻲ ﺍﳉﺮّﺓ ،ﻗﺸّۤـﺮ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻌﺼﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ. ﺑﺼﻞ ،ﻣﺎ ﺑﺼﻞ ،ﻗﺸّﺮ ﺗﻮﻡ ،ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻮﻡ ،ﻗﻮﻡ ﺗْﻌﺸّﻰ ،ﻳـﺎ
ﺗْﻌﺼْﺮﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮﻧﺔ ﺃﻱ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﷲ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ))ﻧﻪ(( :ﺍﳌﻠﺤـﻖ ﺍﻟﺴـﺮﻳﺎﱐ ﻟﻠﻤﺼـﺪﺭ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻀـﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺸﱢـﻲ ﺛﻘﻠﺘـﻮ
ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻧﻪ. ﻋﺎﻷﺭﺽ .ﺍﻓﻄﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺑﻄﺎﺭ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺿـﺤﻜﺘﲔ ،ﻭﺗْﻐـﺪﱠﻯ
ﺗْﻌﻀْﻮٔﺽ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌـﻮﻉ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﲤﺪﱠﻯ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺘﲔ ،ﻭﺗْﻌﺸّﻰ ﻭﲤﺸّﻰ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺧﻄـﻮﺗﲔ.
ﻋﻀﻮﺽ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﻔﻼّﺡ ﻓﻼّﺡ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺗْﻌﺸّﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﺼﺮ.
ﺗْﻌﻀّﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻀّﻢ ﺍﻟـﱵ ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻨﺪﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻏﻨّﻰ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺻﺒﺎﺣﺎً ﻗﺎﻝ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻢ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻈـﻢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(، ﻟﻪ ﺻﺤﺒﻪ ﻣﺘﻨﺪﺭﻳﻦ :ﻛﻨّﻲ ﻣﺘﻌﺸﱢﻲ )ﻧَﺠَﺲ( ﻧﻮﺑﺎﰐ؟.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺻﻠﺒﺎً ﻗﺎﺳﻴﺎً ﻛﺎﻟﻌﻈﻢ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻐﺪّﺍﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﺸّﺎﻙ.
ﺗْﻌﻄّٔﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻄّﺐ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗْﻌﺸْﺒٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺒﻘﺔ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺐ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻌﻄّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻄّﺮ :ﺗَﻄﻴّﺐ. ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ :ﺍﻟﺘْﻌﺸْﺒﻖ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻄﱡﺮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻗﺎﻥ ﺑﺘﻌﺸﺒﻖ ﲝﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮْﻣﻂ
ﺗْﻌ ّﻄٔﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻄّﺶ :ﺗﻜﻠّﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺶ. )ﺃﻭ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﺑﻂ(.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻄﱡﺶ. ﺗْﻌﺸّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺸّﺮ ﺍﳌـﺎﻝ:
ﺗْﻌﻄّٔﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻄّﻒ :ﺍﳓﲎ ﻭﻣﺎﻝ ،ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ: ﺃﺧﺬ ﻋﺸﺮﻩ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﻨﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺸّﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻋَﺸﺮﺓ
ﺭﻕّ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺑﺮّﻩ. ﺃﻭ ﺫﺍ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ.
ﺗْﻌﺸّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
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ﺗْﻌٔﻔّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻔّﻒ :ﻛﻒّ ﻭﺍﻣﺘﻨﻊ ﻋﻤـﺎ ﻻ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻌَﻄﱡﻒ.
ﳛِﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻻ ﻳَﺠﻤُﻞ. ﺗْﻌﻄّٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻄّﻞ :ﺑﻘﻲ ﺑﻼ ﻋﻤﻞ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻔﱡﻒ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺧﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺰﺍﻳﺎ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻓﺎﺳﺪﺍً.
ﺗْﻌٔﻔّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻔّﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻓﺴﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻧـﺪﻭّﺓ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻄﱡﻞ.
ﺃﺻﺎﺑﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ :ﳊﻘﺘـﻪ ﺟﺮﺛﻮﻣـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻔـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻌﻄّﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺷﻐﻠﻮ .ﺗﻌﻄﻠـﺖ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻔﺤﻠﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ .ﺗﻌﻄﻠﺖ ﺃﺟﺮﻭ....
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻔﱡﻦ. ﺗْﻌﻄّٔﻦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻌﻄّﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺘﻮﻥ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻧﻀﺞ
ﺗْﻌﻘّٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻘّﺒﻪ :ﺗﺘﺒّﻌﻪ. ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻋﻄّﻮﻧﺎً ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﻌﻘّٔﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻘّﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺲُ :ﻏﻠﻆ. ﻋﻄّﻦ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻄّﻮﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻌﻘّٔﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻘﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ :ﺗَﺼﻌّﺐ. ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﻄﲑٔﺓ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﻟـﺪ
ﺗْﻌﻘّٔﺮ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺮ ﻇﻬﺮُ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣـﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ،ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳉﻤﻴـﻊ ﺑﺼـﻮﺕ
ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺝ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺩَﺑِﺮ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺃﺻـﺎﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺣـﺔ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ))ﻋﻄﱢﺮِ ﺍﻟﻠﻬُﻢﱠ! ﻗﱪَﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻒ ،ﺑﻌﺮﻑ ﺷﺬﻱﱟ ﻣﻦ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻺﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻃﺎﻝ ﺭﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑّﺔ. ﺻﻼﺓ ﻭﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ .ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺻﻞّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ.((...
ﺗْﻌﻘّٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻘّﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡُ :ﻋﻘِﻞ ،ﻭﻓـﻼﻥ: ﺗْﻌﻈّٔﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻈّﻢ :ﺗَﻜﺒّﺮ.
ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻌﻘﻞ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺩﺭﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ. ﺗْﻌﻔّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻔّﺮ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻋﻔّﺮﻩ :ﻣﺮّﻏـﻪ ﰲ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻘﱡﻞ. ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ .ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ))ﺍﻟﻜﺒّﺎ(( ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﻭﺭﻕ
ﺗْﻌﻘّٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻘّﻢ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ ﺍﻟﺸﺪّﺓ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﻌﻔّﺮ ﻭﻋﻔّﺮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻟﻌﺐ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻃﻬّﺮﻩ ،ﻭﺑﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ :ﻗﺘﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺛﻴﻤـﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺒّﺎ.
ﲟﻮﺍﺩّ. ﺗْﻌﻔْﺮٔﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻔﺮﺕ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻋِﻔﺮﻳﺘﺎً.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﻘﻴﺒۤﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻣـﺮﺍﺽ ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﺎ ﺇﱃ :ﺗﻌﻔﺮﺩ.
ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﻱ ،ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺎ ﺍﻟﺴَﻴَﻼﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ،ﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﺒﺔ ﻷﺎ ﺗْﻌﻔْﺮٔﺩ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﻌﻔﺮﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
ﲢﺪﺙ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺇﺛﺮ ﲨﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺏ ﺎ ﻭﺗﻌﻘﺒﻪ. ﺗْﻌٔﻔّﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻔّﺲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﻘﺐ . ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻔَﺴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﻃﺌﻪ ،ﺑﺮﺟﻠـﻪ :ﺿـﺮﺑﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺗْﻌﻜّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻜّﺮ ﺍﳌـﺎﺀَ ﻋﺠﺰﻩ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﻴّﺮﻩ ﻋﻜِﺮﺍً.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺃﻣﺮ ﻋﺠﻴﺐ ﺗﻌﻠـﺐ ﺭﺍﻛـﺐ ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻌﻜّﺮ ﺻﻔﻮﻭٓ.
ﺩﻳﺐ .ﺃﺫﻛﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﺘﻌﻠﺐ ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﻭﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﺪﻭ ﺑﺴﻮﻕ ﺗْﻌٔﻜّﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻜّﺰ :ﺍﺗّﻜﺄ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻜّﺎﺯﺗﻪ.
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﰲ .ﺟﲎ ﻋﺎﻟﺘﻌﻠﺐ ﺩﻧﺒﻮ .ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﺐ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﺪﻳﺐ: ﺗْﻌٔﻜّﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻌﻜّﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﻞ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﱂ
ﻃﺎﳌﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﻭﺭﺍﻙ ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﻭﺭﺍﻱ ﺍﳌﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﺑﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﺍ. ﳚﺮِ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺘﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻜّﺲ
ﺍﻷﺩﺍﻟﺒﺔ ﺗﻌﺎﻟْﺒﺔ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻜَﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺭﺩّ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﺐ :ﺑْﺤـﺮّﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻭﻟﻪ.
ﺩﻧﺒﻮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﲞﻠﱢﻲ ﺍﳉﻴﺞ ﻳﻨﺎﻡ. ﺗْﻌٔﻜّﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﻜﺲ ﭼﺎﻛﻴﺘﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﻠﺒۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﻠﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﺎﺻﺔ :ﻣﺮﺽ ﲤﺰﻕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌٕﻜﺲ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺟﻠﺪﻱ ﻳﺘﺴﺎﻗﻂ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﳉﻠﺪ ،ﲰﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﻠـﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﻠﺐ ﻳﺘﺴﺎﻗﻂ ﺷﻌﺮﻩ ﻛﻞ ﺳﻨﺔ. ﺗْﻌٔﻜﻮٔﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌُﻜّـﺔ
ﺗْﻌﻠّٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻌﻠّﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻋﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ،ﻓـﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺯُﻗﻴّﻖ ﻟﻠﺴﻤﻦ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑـﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ
ﺑﺎﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪ :ﺃﺣﺒﻬﺎ. ﺑﺘْﻌﻜﻮﻙ :ﻋَﺒِﻞ ﺟﺴﻤﻪ ﻭﲰﻦ ﻭﻏﺪﺍ ﻛﺎﻟﻌﻜّﺔ ﺍﳌﻤﻠـﻮﺀﺓ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌَﻠﱡﻖ. ﲰﻨﺎً.
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﻗﻂّ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﲜـﻖّ .ﻓـﻼﻥ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﻜﻮﻙ.
ﺑﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﲞﻴﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ. ﺗْﻌٔﻠّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻠّﻰ :ﻋﻼ ﰲ ﲤﻬﱡﻞ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﱂ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﺐ ﺷﺎﻑ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﻋـﻢ ﻳﻘﻴﺪﻭﻩ.
ﺑﺒﻌّۤﺮ ﺩﻋﺒﻮﻻﺕ ﺩﻋﺒﻮﻻﺕ ﻛﺄﻧﺎ ﻣﺼـﺒﻮﺑﺔ ﰲ ﻗﺎﻟـﺐ ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘٕﻌﻼﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘٕﻌﻼﻳﺔ.
ﻭﻣﺼﻘﻮﻻﺕ ﻭﻣﻠﻤّﻌﺎﺕ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﳊﺎﻟﻮ :ﻭﺍﷲ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺃﺩﺧّﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﲝﺐ ﻳﺘﻌﻠّﻰ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺇﻳﺪﻱ ﻭﺃﺷﻮﻑ ﺃﺵ ﰲ ﺟﻮّﺍ ،ﻭﺩﺧّﻼ ﻭﺧﺮﻃﺎ ﻟَﺠـﻮّﺍ، ﺧﺎﺯﻭﻕ.
ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﺣﺸﺔ ﻗﺎﻡ ﻭﻣﺸﻲ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌـﺔ ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﻠَﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺜﻌﻠﺐ :ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﳊﻴﻠﺔ
ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﺯﻡّ ﻣﺒﻌﺮﻭ ،ﻭﺎﻟﺰﻣّﺔ ﺑﻘْﻴﺖ ﺇﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﺐ ﻣﻌﻠﻘـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﻏﺎﻥ ،ﻳﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻭ .ﻭﲨﻌﻪ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ:
ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺗﻌﺎﻟﺐ ،ﻭﲨﻊ ﺍﳌﻨﺴﻮﺑﲔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﺐ :ﺗﻌﺎﻟْﺒۤﺔ.
– ﺃﺵ ﺑَﻚ ﺃﺵ ﺑَﻚ؟ ﻳﺎ ﺃﺑﺎ ﺍﳊﺼﲔ! ﺳـﺄﻟﻮﻩ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔَ :ﺷﻮْﻋٔﻞ.
ﺍﳌﻌﺪّﻳﻦ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻼٓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻼَ.
– ﻭﺍﷲ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﲟﺒﻌﺮ ﻫﺎﳋﻴّۤﺮ. ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺔ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ :ﺍﻟﺘُﻌْﻠَﺐ.
ﺗْﻌٔﻠْﻘٔﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻘﻨﺔ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ :ﺟ ٨ﺱ .٢٧٩
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﻪ :ﺍﻟﺜﻌﻠﺐ.
ﺗْﻌﻠّﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠّـﻚ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫـﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠـﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﻠـﻚ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
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ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﻠﻴﺐ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻠّﺐ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻣﻀﻐﻪ ﻭﻻﻛﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺗْﻌﻠّﻚ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ ﻣﻌـﲎ
ﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﳊﻢ ﻭﺧﻀﺎﺭ ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ ﻭﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺗُﻜُﻠﱢﻢ ﺑﻔﺎﺭﻍ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ.
ﻋﻠﺐ ﳏﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺪّ .ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﺐ ﰲ ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻥ ﺗْﻌﻠّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻠّﻞ :ﺃﺑﺪَﻯ ﺍﳊﺠﺔ ﻭﲤﺴّﻚ ﺎ،
.١٩ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﺗﺸﻐﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺗﻠﻬّﻰ ،ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻔﻴﻮﻥ :ﺗﻌﻠﻠﻨﺎ ﺑﺒﻴﺖ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺍﺑﺘﺪﻋﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ. ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺎﺭ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺳﻬﺮﻧﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻠۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔـﺎﻝ ﺑﺈﻳﺼـﺎﻝ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺃﺑﺪَﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺲ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ ،ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻠّﻠﻪ ﻣﺬﻳّﻞ ﺑﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻠﱡﻞ.
ﲟﻌﲎ ﳍّﺎﻩ .ﻭﳓﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻨﺎ ﲤﺜﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻠـﺔ ﰲ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﺗْﻌﻠّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻠّﻢ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻋﻠّﻤﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺃﺫﻳﻌﺖ ﻣﻦ ﳏﻄﺔ ﺇﺫﺍﻋﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﺭﺍً. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻠﱡﻢ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺟﺎﺯﺓ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻌﻠّﻢ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻴﺴﻮ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﻠﻴﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻠّﻢ ،ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺣـﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠـﻴﻢ: ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﳉﺤﺎۤ :ﻣﻨﲔ ﺗْﻌﻠﻤﺖ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﻴـﻞ
ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺿﺎﺕ ﻟﻸﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﰒ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺋﻲ ﰒ ﺍﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ .ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﳉﺤﺎ :ﻣﻨﲔ ﺗْﻌﻠّﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻡ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟـﻦ:
ﰒ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰﻱ ﰒ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﻲ. ﺑَﺤﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ .ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺮ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ] :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺑﲑ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ[ :ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣـﺮ )ﻋﺮﰊ( .ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰﻝ ﻣﺎﻟﺴﻤﺎ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻧﺎﺱ ﺗْﻌﻠّﻤﺖ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﻫﺎ. ﻧﺎﺱ.
ﺗْﻌٔﻤّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻤّﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﻗﺼﺪﻩ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻗﺘﻠﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﺪﺍً ﻣﺘﻌﻤّﺪﺍً. ﻳﺎ ﻭﻟﺪ! ﻟﻒّ ﻟﻠﻚ ﺷﺎﻝ ﻭﺗْﻌﻠّﻢ ﺷﻐﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺮْﺟﺎﻝ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻤﱡﺪ ﻭﻣُﺘﻌﻤﱢﺪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻬﻨﻴﻜﻲ ﺣﺠّﺔ! ﺍﺑﻨﻚ ﺗْﻌﻠّـﻢ
ﺗْﻌٔﻤّﺪ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ :ﺍﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﻌﻤّﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎ، ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻗﺮﺵ )ﺷﺨﻂ ﻭﻟﺪ ﺷﺨﻄﺎً ﻓﻘﻴﻞ( .ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋـﻢ
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤّﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺑﺘﻌﻠّﻢ ﺍﳊﺠﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﺮﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻳﺘﺎﻡ .ﺗْﻌﻠـﻢ ﺍﻟﻘـﻂ ﻋﺒﻴـﺖ
ﺗْﻌٔﻤّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤّﺮ ﺍﳌـﱰﻝ ﺍﳉﲑﺍﻥ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺁﻫﻼً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺗْﻌﻠّﻢ ﻋﻠﻴۤﻪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠّﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﺑﻨﺎﻩ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌَﻼﻣﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻟﺴِﻤﺔ.
ﺗْﻌٔﻤّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﻤّﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻤﺒﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﻤّﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻨـﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺘَﻌْﻠۤﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭﺍﻗـﻒ ﺗَﻌﻠـﺔ ﺑـﻮﭼّﻲ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍۤﺝ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻُﺐّ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻖ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺘَﻠْﻌَﺔ
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤّﺮ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﻋﺎﺵ ﻃﻮﻳﻼً. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺎ ﻋﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ.
ﺗْﻌﻠﻮﺝ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﻌﺮﻭﺝ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻮﻗﺔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻌﻮﻟﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﻠّـﻖ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ
ﺑﺎﳌﺸﺠﺐ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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ﺍﳊﺸﻴﺶ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﺰﺓ ﺑﺘﻨﺒﺎﻛﻬﺎ ﻭﺣﺸﻴﺸﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭ، ﺗْﻌٔﻤّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﻤّﺮ ﻟﻚ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺃﺭﮔﻴﻠﺔ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗْﻌﻤّﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﻨَﻔَﺲ: ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤّﺮ ﺍﳌﱰﻝ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً.
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤﲑﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﺸﻴﺶ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤﲑﺓ ﳎﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺗْﻌٔﻤّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻤّﺶ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً
ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤّﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(. ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻤِﺸَﺖ ﻋﻴﻨُﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﻌُﻒ ﺑﺼﺮُﻫﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺳﻴﻼﻥ
ﺗَﻌْﻦ ﺗَﻌْﻦ :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺟﺎﺝ ﺩﺟﺎﺟﻪ :ﺗَﻌْـﻦ ﺩﻣﻌﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﻋﺼﺐ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋﻴﻨﻴـﻪ
ﺗَﻌْﻦ ...ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﳊْﻤﺎۤﻣﺎﰐ ﻃﻴﻮﺭﻩ :ﲢﻦ ﲢﻦ – ﻣﻨﺪﻳﻼً ﻛﻲ ﻻ ﻳﺮﻯ ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﻠﻌﺒﺔ ﺃﻡ ﻋﻤﻴﺶ :ﺍﻟﻐﻤﺎﻣـﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﶈﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﻟَﻴْﻦ ﺗﻌـﺎﻟﲔ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(. ﺗْﻌٔﻤّٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤّﺼۤـﺖ
ﺗْﻌﻨّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻨّﻰ :ﺗﻌﺐ. ﻋﻴﻨﻮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻤِﺼﺖ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻨﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ. ﺗْﻌٔﻤّٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻤّﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮِ :ﺑـﺎﻟﻎ ﻓﻴـﻪ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻ ﺗﺘﻌﻨّﻰ ،ﳓﻨﻪ ﻣﻨﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﳋﺪﻣﺔ. ﻭﺗَﺸﺪّﺩ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻏﺎﻳﺎﺗﻪ.
ﺗْﻌٔﻨﺒٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻌﻨﱪﺕ ﺍﻟﺒْﻀـﺎﻋﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺩﻳـﺔ:
ﻭُﺿﻌﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﱪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨْﱪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺗَﻌﻤﱡﻖ.
ﻓﻌﻼً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﱪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍۤﺗْﻌَﻤَﻖ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ.
ﺗْﻌٔﻨّﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻨّﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞَ :ﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺷﻲﺀ ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻌﻤّﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻜﻔٓﺮ .ﺍﺑﻦ
ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﻘﺔ ،ﺃﺩﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ. ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﱪﻭ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻴﺖ ﺳـﻨﺔ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻨّﺖ. ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻌﻤّـﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺤـﻮ ﺑﻔـﻦ
ﺗْﻌٔﻨْﺘٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﻨﺘﺮْﺕ ﻛﺘﲑ ﺇﻯ ﺣﺎﺟْﺘَﻚ ﺑﻘﺎ، ﻋﺠﻴﺐ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻋﻨﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﺸـﻬﻮﺭ ﺗْﻌٔﻤّﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻌﻤّﻢ ﺍﳋﱪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ
ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺠﺎﻋﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻋﺘﺰﺯﺕ ﺑﻘﻮّﺗﻚ ﻭﺑﺄﺳﻚ. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻤّﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻢﱠ ﺍﳌﻄـﺮُ
ﺗْﻌٔﻨْﺠﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻨﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺠﻜﺔ. ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﴰﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻌٔﻤّﻢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﻤّﻢ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺸﺎﺷﻴّۤﺔ ﺑۤﻴﻀﺎ ﻭﻣـﺎ
ﺗْﻌٔﻨّﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨّﺪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺷﻴﺦ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌَﻤّﻢ :ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﻣﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻋَﻨَﺪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻏﲑﻫﻢ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻟﻒّ ﻟﻠﻮ ﻟﻔّﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻨﱡﺪ. ﺍﻟــﺘَﻌﻤﲑٔﺓ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫــﺎ ﳎــﺎﺯﺍً ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺟــﻮﺯﺓ
ﺗْﻌٔﻨْﻄٔﺰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻨﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﻄﺰ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑـﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺗْﻌﻨّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ
ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻋﻮّﺩﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻭﺗﻌـﻮّﺩ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨّﻔﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻻﻣﻪ ﺑﺸـﺪﺓ ،ﻋﺘـﺐ
ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﳉﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜـﻞ ،ﻷﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﻳﺘﻌﺪّﻯ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ. ﺗْﻌٔﻨﻔٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻨﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻔﺼﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻮﱡﺩ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻌٔﻮّٔﺫ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻮّﺫ ﺑﻪ :ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺫ ﻭﳉﺄ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ. ﺗْﻌٔﻨْﻮٔﻥ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﻮﺏ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻌﻮﱡﺫ. ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﻣـﻦ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﻓـﻼﻥ ﻣﺘـﻞ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ.
ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺵ :ﺑﻀﺮﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻮّﺫ ﻭﺍﳌﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺘﻌﻮّﺫ. ﺗْﻌٔﻬّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻬّﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺗَﺤﻔّﻆ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺗَﻔﻘّﺪﻩ
ﺗْﻌٔﻮّٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻮّﺭ ﺍﷲُ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ: ﻭﻋﺎﻭﺩﻩ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً ﻣـﻦ
ﺃﺫﻫﺐ ﺑﺼﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﻌُﻬﺪﺓ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﻟﺔ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﻮّﺭﺕ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺘﻮ ،ﻓﻴﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻬﱡﺪ.
ﳌﻌﲎ ﻋﻄﺒﺖ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﻌﻬّﺪ ﻟـﻪ،
ﺗْﻌٔﻮّٔﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻮّﺽ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺎﺽ ﻣﻨﻪ :ﺃﺧـﺬ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺧﻄﺄ ،ﺻﻮﺍﺑﻪ :ﺗﻌﻬّﺪﻩ ،ﻭﺃﺟﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻳﻴﲏ :ﻛـﻞ
ﺍﻟﻌِﻮَﺽ. ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺗﻌﻬّﺪﻩ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ :ﺗﻔﻘّﺪﻩ ،ﻭﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﻟﻪ :ﺿﻤﻦ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻮﱡﺽ. ﻟﻪ.
ﺗْﻌٔﻮّٔﻑ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻋـﻮّﻑ ﺍﻟﺘَﻌَﻬﱡﺪْﻟِﻲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑَﻌَﺘْﻨﺎ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﺗﻌﻬﺪﱄ ،ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻓﻪ ﻳﻌﻴﻔـﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ،ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻀـﻤﻮﻧﺔ
ﻛﺮﻫﻪ ﻓﺘﺮﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻭﺍً. ﺑﺘﻌﻬﺪﱄ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻬّﺪ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ))ﱄ(( :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ.
ﺗْﻌٔﻮّٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻮّﻕ :ﺗﺄﺧﺮ. ﺍﻟﺘٕﻌﻮﺍٔﻱ :ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻮﺍﻳﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻮّﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻌﻮﱡﻕ. ﺗْﻌٔﻮّٔﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻮّﺝ :ﺍﻧﻌﻄـﻒ ،ﻭﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻮﻳﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺮﺑﻴﺔ] :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌـﺒﲑﺍﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜـﺔ[: ﻋﻮّﺟﻪ :ﺣﻨﺎﻩ ﻭﻋﻄﻔﻪ.
ﺍﳌﺪﻓﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻔﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺼﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳـﻖ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻮﱡﺝ.
ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺴﺮ. ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺗﻌﻠﻮﺝ.
ﺗْﻌﻴّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻴﺐ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻓﻼﻧﺎً :ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺗْﻌٔ ّﻮٔﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻮّﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﻌﻠـﻪ ﻟﻨﻔﺴـﻪ
ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺐ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺻﻴّﺮﻩ ﺫﺍ ﻋﻴﺐ. ﻋﺎﺩﺓ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗﻄْﻠﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻘٔﺮﻋـﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑَـﻼ
ﺳﺎﻛﻮٓﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺑَﻼ ﺟﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﺘﻌﻴّﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗﻌﻴّﺐ ﺑﺘﺒﺘﻠِﻲ.
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ﺗْﻌﻴّﺶ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻴّﺶ :ﺳـﻌﻰ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺃﺳـﺒﺎﺏ ﺗْﻌﻴّﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻴّﺪ ﻓـﻼﻥ:
ﺍﳌﻌﻴﺸﺔ. ﺷﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻜﺎﻡ ﺗﻌﻴّﺸْﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒـﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻴـﻮﻡ؟ ﺗْﻌﻴّﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﻴّﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻳﺴﺄﻟﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺋﻌﻪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺑﻜﻢ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻳﺘﻪ ﻟﺘﺒﻴﻌﻪ ﻭﺗﺮﺑﺢ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻴّﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﺎﺩﻩ:
ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻋﻴﺸﻚ؟. ﻛﺮّﺭﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻨﺪﻭ ﻗﺮﺑﻮﻋﺔ ﺩﻛـﺎﻥ ﻋـﻢ ﺗْﻌﻴّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻴّﺮﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺑﺘﻌﻴّﺶ ﻣﻨّﺎ. ﻋﺎﺑﻪ.
ﺗْﻌﻴّﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺃﺟﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﻴﻢ ﺗﻌﻴّﺶ ،ﻋﻴّﺸـﻮ ﺗْﻌﻴّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﻴّﺮ ﺍﳌﻴﺰﺍۤﻥ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّـﻞ
ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﻴّﺸـﻪ، ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻴّﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﺎﻧﲑَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﺍﺯﺎ ﺩﻳﻨـﺎﺭﺍً
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺎ :ﻫﺘﻒ ﻟﻪ :ﻋﺎﺵ ﻋﺎﺵ. ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭﺍً .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﲑ ﻭﻋﻴﺎﺭ.
ﺗْﻌﻴّٔﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻴّﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺻـﺎﺣﻮﺍ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻ ﺗﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﺐ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﲑﻭ.
ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗْﻌﻴّﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺯُﺟِﺮ. ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﻴﺲ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ:
ﺗْﻌﻴّﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻴّﻨﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺭﺟﻞ ﺗﻌﻴﺲ ﻭﻗﻮﻡ ﺗُﻌَﺴﺎﺀ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺳﺔ ،ﻭﻛﻞ
ﺧﺼﺼﻪ ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ :ﻭُﻇّﻒ. ﺫﻟﻚ ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﳌﻨﻘﻮﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻤﻮﻉ ﻋﻨـﻬﻢ:
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻗﺎﻝ – ﻛﻌﺎﺩﺗﻪ – :ﺗَﻌﻴّﻦ ﰲ ﺭﺟﻞ ﺗﺎﻋِﺲ ﻭﺗﻌِﺲ :ﺑﻮﺯﻥ ﻛﺘِﻒ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗَ ِﻌﺲَ :ﺑﻔـﺘﺢ
ﺍﳌﻨﺼﺐ :ﺟُﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺧُﺼﺺ ﺑﻪ. ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻭﻛﺴﺮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ :ﺍﻟﺘَﻌْﺲ :ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻭﺍﻟـﺘَﻌَﺲ:
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻌﻴﱡﻦ. ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻚ ،ﻭﻳُﻌﺪّﻯ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﺗﻌﺴـﻪ ﺍﷲ
ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﻴﲔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻴﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺇﺗﻌﺎﺳﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺑﺎﳊﺮﻛﺔ :ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺗَﻌَﺴﻪ :ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻭﻫـﻮ
ﻋﻴّﻦ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺧﺼّﺺ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺭﺯْﻕ ﺍﳉﻨـﺪ. ﻣُﺘﻌَﺲ ﻭﻣﺘﻌﻮﺱ ،ﱂ ﻳُﺤﻚَ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻨﺎﺕ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻋﲔ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺗَﻌﻴﺲ ﻣﻮﻟّـﺪ ﻗـﺪﱘ:
ﺗْﻐٔﺎﺑَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺎﺑَﻰ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﺗَﻐﺎﻓَﻞ. ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺛﺮ ﺍﳊﻆ ،ﺍﻟﻨَﻜِﺪ ،ﻭﺃﺧﻄﺄ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﳌﻨﺠـﺪ ﺑﻌـﺪّﻩ
ﺗْﻐٔﺎﺯﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺎﺯﻻ :ﻏﺎﺯﻝ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ، ﺃﺻﻴﻼً.
ﺃﻱ :ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻻ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻭﺩﺓ. ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻴﺲ .ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻫﺮ((:
ﺗْﻐٔﺎﺿٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺎﺿﻰ :ﻃﺒّﻖ ﺟﻔﻨﻴﻪ ﻛﻲ ﻻ ﺍﻟﺘَﻌﻴﺲ :ﺍﳌﺒﺬﱢﺭ ﰲ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻪ.
ﻳﺮﻯ ،ﻋﻨﻪ :ﺗﻐَﺎﻓﻞ ﻭﺗَﻌﺎﻣﻰ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﻌﻴﺸﺎٓ :ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺛﺮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺯﻟّﺖ ﻗﺪﻣﻪ.
ﺗْﻐٔﺎﻓَﻞ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺎﻓـﻞ :ﺗﻈﺎﻫـﺮ ﺃﻧـﻪ ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻃْﻌۤﺶ :ﻋﺜﺮ :ﺯﻝّ ،ﺿﻞّ،
ﺯﺍﻍ ،ﺧﺎﺏ.
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ﺗْﻐٔﺒّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺒّﺶ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﻏﺎﻓﻞ ،ﻭﺗﻐﺎﻓﻠﻪ :ﲢﻴّﻦ ﻏﻔﻠﺘﻪ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺳﻬﺎ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻏَﺒِﺶ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺧﺎﻟﻂ ﺑﻴـﺎﺽُ ﺗْﻐٔﺎﻟَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋَـﻞ
ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮ ﻇﻠﻤﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﻫـﺎﻟﺒﻠّﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻐـﺒّﺶ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎﻟَﻰ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﳊﺪّ.
ﻣﻐﺒّۤﺶ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻛﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺻﻔﺎﺋﻪ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ))ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ(( ﻗﺎﻝ – ﻛﻌﺎﺩﺗﻪ – :ﺗَﻐـﺎﻟَﻰ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗَﻐﺒّﺶ :ﻇَﻠُﻢ. ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﺗْﻐٔﺒّٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺒّﻖ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺗْﻐٔﺎﻟَﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺎﻟﺒﺎ :ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ،
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐَﺒﻮﻕ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﺎ ﻳُﺸـﺮﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺸـﻲّ، ﻧﺎﺯﻋﻪ ،ﻗﺎﻫﺮﻩ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺘﻐﺒّﻖ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻐﺒّﺶ. ﺗْﻐﺎﻟٔﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺎﻟﻄﻮﺍ :ﻏﺎﻟﻂ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً،
ﺗْﻐﺪٔﱠﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺪﱠﻯ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺃﻭﻝَ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌـﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬـﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﻥ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ. ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺪﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﺪﺍﻳﺔ. ﺗْﻐﺎﻟٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﻏﻠﻴﻈـﺎً ﻣـﻦ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻐﺪّﺍﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﺸّﺎﻙ. ﻏﺎﻟﻈﻪ :ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻩ ﻭﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﺑﻐﻠﻴﻆ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺃﺵ ﻋﻢ ﺗﺘﻐـﺪﱠﻯ؟ ﺗْﻐﺎﻣﺰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺎﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻛﺘﲑ ﻣﺘﻠَﻚ ﻋﺪّﻯ )ﺃﻱ :ﻭﱂ ﻳﻨﻞ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺯﺍﺩﻱ(، ﺑﻌﺾ ﺑﺄﻋﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺄﻳﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﻃﻠﺒﺎً ﳌـﺎ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻣﻌـﺎﺏ ﺃﻭ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ – :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺘﻐﺪّﻯ ﺧﺒﺰ ﻭﺯﻳﺖ؟ ﻧﻘﺺ.
– ﻧﻌﻢ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫَﺪﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻳﺖ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ: ﺗْﻐﺎﻭٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺎﻭﻯ :ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻐِﻲّ ﻭﲡﺎﻫﻞ،
ﻻ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻃﻌﻤﻚ(. ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺗَﺰَﻳّﻦ ،ﻛﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻳّﻦ ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻐﻲّ.
– ﺇﻥ ﺭﺩﺕ ﻭﺍﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺩﺕ ﺑﺪّﻱ ﺃﺧﻄٓﻒ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻫَﻢّ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺣﻮّﺍ ﺗﻠﺒﺲ ﻭﺗﺘﻐﺎﻭﻯ.
– ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﺪﻳﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺟﻨﱯ ﺑَﺤﺪﻑ )ﺍﳌـﺪﻳﺎﺭ: ﺗْﻐﺎﻳٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻐﺎﻳﺮﺕ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔﺖ.
ﺍﻟﮕﻠﻨﻚ ،ﺍﻟﺪﺑّﻮﺱ(. ﺗْﻐﺒّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺒّﺮ :ﺗَﻠﻄّﺦ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺒﺎﺭ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻓﻄﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺑﻄﺎﺭ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺿـﺤﻜﺘﲔ ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺷﻔﺖ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻚ ﻣﺘﻐﺒّﺮ ﻣﻨّـﻚ
ﻭﺗْﻐﺪﱠﻯ ﻭﲤﺪﱠﻯ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺘﲔ ،ﻭﺗﻌﺸّﻰ ﻭﺗْﻤﺸّـﻰ ﻭﻟـﻮ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻏﲑ ﺻﺎﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺩّ(.
ﺧﻄﻮﺗﲔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﺗْﻐٔﺬﱠﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺬﱠﻯ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻏﺬّﺍﻩ :ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻬﻠۤﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻬﻠۤﻚ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻐﺒّٔﺮ ﻗﻠﭽﻴﻨﻚ.
ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺀ ،ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺀ.
ﺗْﻐٔﺮّﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺮّﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﺼﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺮﺍﺀ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺮﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﺮﺍﻳﺔ.
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ﺗْﻐٔﻄّٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﻄّﻰ :ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺮ ،ﻭﺿـﻊ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻐٔﺮّٔﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺮّﺏ :ﻧﺰﺡ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟـﻮﻃﻦ،
ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺍﻟﻐِﻄﺎﺀ. ﺗَﻨﺤّﻰ ﻭﺑَﻌُﺪ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻄﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﻄﺎﻳﺔ. ﺗْﻐٔﺮْﺑَﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺮﺑﻞ ﺍﳊﻨﻄﺔ
ﻗﺒﻞ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﺮﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﺴﺎﺀ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻛﻠـﻬﻦ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ :ﳔﻠﻬﺎ.
ﺗﺘﻐﻄﻰ ﺑﺎﳌﻠﺤﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﺀ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﰲ ﺫﻟـﻚ ﺍﳌﺴـﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺗْﻐٔﺮّٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻏـﺮّﺭﻩ
ﻭﻏﲑﻫﻦ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫﻦ ﺳﺎﻓﺮﺍﺕ ﺇﻻ ﳓﻮ ﺇﺩﻟﺐ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﺮّﺿﻪ ﻟﻠﻬﻼﻙ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜـﺔ[ :ﺗﻐﻄّـﺖ ﺃﺳـﻬﻢ ﺗْﻐٔﺮَﺽ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘْﻐﺮّﺽ ﻭﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ﺑﺘﻐﺮّﺽ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ. ﻋﺎﻟﺰﻛﺮﺗﻴّﺔ ﻣﺘﻠﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺫﻭ ﻏـﺮﺽ ﺃﻱ :ﺑﻐﻴـﺔ
ﺗْﻐٔﻄﺮٔﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﻄـﺮﺱ :ﺗﻜﺒّـﺮ ،ﻇﻠـﻢ، ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺫﻭ ﻣﻘﺼﺪ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﲟﻦ ﻳﻠﻮﺫ ﺑﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ
ﺗﻐﻀﺐ ،ﰲ ﻣﺸﻴﻪ :ﺗَﺒﺨﺘﺮ ،ﺗﻄﺎﻭﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻗﺮﺍﻧﻪ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐَﺮَﺽ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﳍَﺪَﻑ ،ﺍﳌَﺮﻣَﻰ.
ﺗْﻐٔﻄّٔﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻄّﺴـﻪ ﰲ ﺗْﻐٔﺮﻏٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺮﻏﺮ :ﺭﺩّﺩ ﺍﳌﺎﺀَ ﰲ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻭﱂ
ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻏﻤّﺴﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﻳﺒﻠﻌﻪ.
ﺗْﻐٔﻠّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻠّﻰ ﺍﻟﺴـﻌﺮَ ﺗَﻐٔﺮّٔﻕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺮّﻕ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻏﻼ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺮُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﺍﺭﺗﻔـﻊ، ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻏَﺮِﻕ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﻊ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺭﺳﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ.
ﻭﻋﺮﰊ ﻏﻠّﻰ :ﺃﻏﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺮَ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻐﺮّﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻄﺮ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺎ
ﺗﻐﻼﺕ ﻓﻼﺳﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ :ﻣﻠﻚ ﺁﺷﻮﺭ :ﺭﺍﺑﻂ ﺟﻨﺪﻩ ﲝﺒّﺎ ﻫﻴﻚ.
ﰲ ﺃﺭﭘﺎﺩ :ﻗﺮﺏ ﺣﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻕ.ﻡ. ﺗْﻐٔﺮّٔﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺮّﻡ :ﺗَﺤﻤّﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﻣﺔ ﺃﻱ :ﻣـﺎ
ﺗْﻐٔﻠّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻐﻠّﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ :ﺍﺳﺘﻮﱃ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻪ ﺃﺩﺍﺅﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ.
ﻗﻬﺮﺍً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﻗﻞّ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺗَﻐْﺮﻱ ﺑَﺮﺩِﻱ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﻜﺮﻱ ﻭﻳﺮﺩﻱ )ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ
ﻭﺿﺎﻕ ﺫﺭﻋﺎً ﺑﻪ. ﻧﻮﻧﺎً( ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﷲ ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ،ﺗﻮﱃ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻋـﺎﻡ ٧٩٦
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻐﻠﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ،ﺗﻐﻠّـﺐ ﰲ ﻫ.
ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺣﺔ .ﺷﺎﻑ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﺑﺪّﻭ ﻳﺘﻐﻠّﺐ ﺍﺰﻡ .ﺗﻐﻠّﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﺗْﻐٔﺰﱠﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻐﺰّﻝ :ﺗﻜﻠـﻒ ﺍﻟﻐـﺰَﻝ ،ﺃﻱ:
ﺗْﻐٔﻠّٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻏﻠّﻄـﻪ ﳏﺎﺩﺛﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻹﻓﺎﺿﺔ ﺑﺬﻛﺮﻫﻦ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐَﺰَﻝ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﺴﺒﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻐَﻠَﻂ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﺰﱡﻝ.
ﺗْﻐٔﻠّٔﻆ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻏﻠّﻈـﻪ ﺗْﻐٔﻀّٔﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﻀّﺐ :ﻏﻀِﺐ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻏﻠﻴﻈﺎً.
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ﺿﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺷﻒ. ﺗْﻐٔﻠْﻐٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﻠﻐﻞ ﰲ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺩﺧﻞ ﺣـﱴ
ﺗْﻐٔﻨّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﻨّﻰ :ﻏﻨّﻰ. ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺲ ﺑﻪ ،ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ :ﺗَﺨﻠّﻠﻪ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻨﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﻨﺎﻳﺔ. ﺗْﻐٔﻠّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﻠّﻒ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﰲ ﻏﻼﻑ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﻨﱢﻲ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻐﻠﱡﻒ.
ﺗْﻐٔﻨّﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﻨّﺞ :ﺗﺪﻟّﻞ. ﺗْﻐٔﻠّٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻳﺖ ﺣﻮﺵ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺗﻐﻠّﻖ ﺣﻘﺎ،
ﺗْﻐٔﻨْﺪٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐُﻨﺪَﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻐُﻨـﺪُﺭ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺘﻐﻠّﻖ :ﺃﻛﻤﻞ ﺩﻓﻊ ﺣﻘﻬﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ
ﺍﻟﻐُﻨﺪﻭﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﲔ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻠّﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺪ ﻓﺘﺤﻪ ،ﻛﺄﻥ
ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣﺸﻰ ﻣﺸﻴﺘﻪ ﺃﻱ :ﻣﺸﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻂﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻻﻝ. ﺗﺴﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﺗﺴﻜﲑ ﻟﺜﻐﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﱠﻳﻦ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗْﺠَﻨْﺪَﺭ )ﺑﻠﻔﻆ ﺟﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﻛَﺎﻓﺎً(: ﺗْﻐٔﻤّﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﻀﺤﻚ ﻭﺑﺘﻐﻤّﻰ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻣﺸﻰ ﻣﻌﺠﺒﺎً ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﺘﺒﺎﻫﻴﺎً ﳐﺘﺎﻻً ﻣـﻊ ﻗﻠﻴـﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻳُﻐﻤَﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﻀﺤﻚ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺪﺍﺭﺓ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻤّﻰ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻏُﻤِﻲ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ ))ﺗﻐﻨﺪﺭ(( ﰲ ))ﻫﺰ ﺍﻟﻘﺤﻮﻑ(( .ﺹ.١٨ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺾ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻏُﺸِﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﰒ ﺃﻓﺎﻕ.
ﺗْﻐٔﻨﻮٔﺝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻨﺞ. ﺗْﻐٔﻤّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻤّﺮﻩ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻮﻝ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻏﻤﺮﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺜﺮ ﺣﱴ ﺳـﺘﺮ
ﺗْﻐٔﻮّٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻮّﺵ. ﻣﻘﺮّﻩ ،ﻏﻄّﺎﻩ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻐٔﻤّﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻏﻤّﺴـﻪ
ﺗْﻐٔﻴّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﻴّﺐ ﻋﻨﻪ :ﻏﺎﺏ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻏﻤﺴﻪ ﺑﺸﺪﺓ.
ﺗْﻐٔﻴّﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﻴّﺮ :ﺗَﺤﻮّﻝ ﻭﺗَﺒﺪّﻝ. ﺗْﻐٔﻤّٔﺾ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻤّﺾ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﻴﱡﺮ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻃﺒﻖ ﺟﻔﻨﻴﻬﺎ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒْﻐﻴّۤﺮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﺘٕﻐﻴّﺮ. ﺗْﻐٔﻤْﻐٔﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻐﻤﻐﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﱂ ﻳﺒﻴّﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ،
ﺗٕﻒّ :ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻖ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ :ﺗْﻔۤﻪ ﻭﺗْﻔـﻮ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺗﻐﻤﻐﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ :ﱂ ﻳﺒِﻦ.
ﻭﺗْﻔِﻲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻐٔﻤّٔﻖ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﻌﻤّﻖ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﺑﺎﻟﻌﲔ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ:
ﻭﻧﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﳓﻮ ﺗَﻔﻞ ﻭﺗْﻔٕﻪْ ﺻُﺪّﺭ ﲟﻘﻄﻊ ﺗﻒ: ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻭﺗﺸﺪﺩ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺃﻗﺼـﻰ ﻏﺎﻳﺎﺗـﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻖ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻟﻮ ﻳﺘﻐﻤّـﻖ ﻫـﺎﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﻄﻠـﻊ ﺃﺣﺴـﻦ،
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺗٕﻒ ،ﺗﻌﲏ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺎﻕ. ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻣﻖ:
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ﻭﻳﻠﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﰲ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ ﻣﺒﻌﺚ ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ))ﺗٓﺐ(( ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﻃﺮﺩ ﺁﺩﻡ ،ﻭﻧﺮﻯ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﺰﻕ.
ﺍﳋﻼﻑ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻵﳍﺔ. ﺗْﻔﺎﺀﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔـﺎﺀﻝ
ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻃﺒﺎﺀ :ﺗﻔﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪﺓ ﺗﺆﻛـﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺭﺃﻯ ﺃﻧﻪ ﳛﻤﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺍﳋﲑ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺗَﺸﺎﺀﻡ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻖ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺮﻙ ﺳﺒﻴﻼً ﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﻃﺒﻴﺐ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺗَﻔﺎﺀﻟﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﳋﲑ ﲡﺪﻭﻩ )ﻋـﺮﰊ
ﻭﺍﻛﺘﺸﻒ ﺃﻃﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺑﻌﻔﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻗﺪﱘ(.
ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﻴﺴﻠﲔ ﺑﻌﺼﻮﺭ. ﺗْﻔﺎﺗَﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺎﲢﻪ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻳﺮﻱ ﺟ ١١ﺹ.١٦٢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺑﺎﺩﺃﻩ ﺑﻪ ،ﺧﺎﻃﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻱ :ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﻪ ﰲ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭﺑﺴﺎﺗﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺗْﻔﺎﺟﺎ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺎﺟﺎ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ :ﻋﺮﺏ ﻛﺮﱄ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻜﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺸﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﺠﺄﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻫﺠﻢ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ،ﻃﺮﻗـﻪ
ﻣﻨﻪ ﺭﻳﺢ ﺍﳌﺴﻚ )ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﳓﻦ :ﻭﻗﺮﻯ ﻋـﺮﰊ ﺣﻠـﺐ ﺑﻐﺘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﻌﺮ ﺑﻪ ،ﻋﺎﺟﻠﻪ.
ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﳌﺴّﺎۤﻛِﻲ( ،ﻭﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪﻱ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﻜﻲ ﺍﳌﻔﺎﺟﺄﺓ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺳﺎﺭّﺓ ﻗـﺪ ﺗﻠﺤـﻖ ﺃﺫﻯ
ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﰲ ﻃﻌﻤﻪ ﺣﺮﺍﻓﺔ ﻭﻗﺒﺾ ،ﻭﺍﳋَﻴﺎﻣﻲ ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻛﺒﲑﺍً ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺼﺒﻴﲔ ،ﻭﻻ ﺃﻧﺴﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺷﻬﺪﺕ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒـﻮﻛﺮ
ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﻋﻴﻨﺘﺎﺏ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻠﻜﻲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻊ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻼﻋﺒﲔ ﺛﻼﺛـﺔ ﺁﺳـﺎﺕ
ﺍﳌﺰّ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﻢ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻣﻲ ﺣﺠﻤﺎً ،ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻠـﻮﻥ، ﻭﺑﺪﻝ ﻭﺭﻗﲔ ﻭﻛﺮﻛﺮ ،ﻭﺧﺼﻤﻪ ﺻﺎﺡ)) :ﺻﻮﻟﺪ(( ﻭﳌﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﻤﻮﱐ ﻟﺸﺒﻬﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﳊﺎﻣﺾ ﺷـﻜﻼً ،ﺃﺑـﻴﺾ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻭﺭﻗﻪ ﻟﲑﻯ ،ﻭﺭﺃﻯ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺮﻛﺮ ﱂ ﳝﻬﻠﻪ ﺍﳌـﻮﺕ ﺃﻥ
ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﳝﻴﻞ ﰲ ﻃﻌﻤـﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊﻤﻮﺿـﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘْﺼـﻴۤﺮﻱ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ)) :ﻃﻴّﺐ(( ﻭﺛﲎ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﻭﻭﻗﻊ.
ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺍﳊـﺎﻣﺾ ،ﻭﺍﳋﺸﺨﺎﺷـﻲ ﻟﺸـﺒﻬﻪ ﺗْﻔﺎﺟٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﺟﺮ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ :ﺍﻧﺒﻌﺜـﻮﺍ ﰲ
ﺑﺎﳋﺸﺨﺎﺵ ﺣﺠﻤﺎً ،ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ﺣﻠـﻮ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻠـﻖ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﻲ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺗﻜﻠـﻢ ﺑﻔـﺎﺣﺶ
ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮﺟﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ،ﺣﻠﻮ. ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ.
ﻭﳚﻠﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺘٕﻔّﺎﺡ :ﲦﺮ ﺷﺠﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﱐ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘُﻔّﺎﺡ ﻋﻦ
ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﻠﻄﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻼﻃﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ :ﺗﻮﭘٔﺎ.
ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﳓﻦ :ﻭﻳﺮﺩ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﺗﻔـﺎﺡ ﻋﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺍﳋﻄﺎﺏ :ﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﺮﰊ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘَﻔْﺤﺔ:
ﮔﻮﻟْﺪﻥ GOLDEN :ﻭﺗﻔـﺎﺡ ﺳْـﺘﺎﺭﻛﻦSTARKEN : ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺒﺔ – ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ –.
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺘﺎﻥ ﺇﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺘﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﲏ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ :ﺍﻟـﺬﻫﱯ ،ﻭﺗﻌـﲏ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺗٕﻔّﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﺗٕﻔّﺎﺣﺎﻱ ﻭﺗٕﻔّﺎﺣﺎﻳۤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻨَﺠﻤﻲ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺗﻔﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﻔﺎﺣﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺗْﻔﺎۤﻓﻴﺢ.
ﻭﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﳓﻦ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﻭﻳﺮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻜّـﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔّـﺎﺡ ﻭﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﮔﺎﺭﻳﺖ :ﺗﻔﺢ.
ﺍﳌﻮﺷّﺢ ،ﺃﻱ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺮﺓ ﺍﳊﻤﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴـﺎﺽ، ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻮﺡ.
ﻭﻫﻮ ﻛﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺹ ﺍﳌﺒﺴّﻂ ﻣﺰّ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﻢ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻠﺤﻤﻮﺿﺔ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٨٩ﺹ ٦٢٨ﻭﺱ ١١٧ﺹ .۲٣۲
ﻭﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ :ﺱ ١٦ﺹ .٦۰
ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ.
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ﺗْﻔﺎﺭٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻓﺎﺭﻕ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[:
ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﺿﺪّ ﲡﻤّﻊ. ﻳﺎ ﺭﺍﳛﲔ ﳊﻠﺐ! ﺣﱯ ﻣﻌﻜﻦ ﺭﺍﺡ
ﺗْﻔﺎﺳَﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﺳﺪﻭﺍ :ﺗـﺪﺍﺑﺮﻭﺍ ،ﻭﳉَـﻮﺍ ﻳﺎ ﳏﻤﻠﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨَﺐ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ ﺗﻔّﺎﺡ!
ﺍﳋﻼﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻭﺓ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ: ﻭﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﲏ ﺍﳊﻤﺼﻲ ﰲ ﺧﻄﺒﺔ ﲨﻌﺔ:
ﻭَﺷَﻰ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺑﻐﲑﻩ. ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻭﺍ ﺭﲪﻜﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺄﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﺍﳌﺨﻀّﺐ.
ﺗْﻔﺎﺷَﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﺷﺢ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﺸَﺢ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎﺗﻪ :ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻣﻨﻪ ﲣـﺎﻝ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺟﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺭﻯ....
ﺗْﻔﺎﺻٔﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﺻﺢ :ﺗﻜﻠّﻒ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﺎﺣﺔ. ﺗٕﻔّﺎﺡ ﺍﳉﺒﻞ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺍﳊﺒّـﺔ،
ﺗْﻔﺎﺻٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﺻﻠﺖ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀُ :ﺍﻧﻔﺼـﻞ ﻳﻨﻀﺞ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﳋﺮﻳﻒ.
ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻻﺯﻡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻳﺖ ﺗٕﻔّﺎﺡ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺭ] :ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻳـﺎ ﺗﻔـﺎﺡ ﺍﳌـﺪﺍﺭ!
ﺗْﻔﺎۤﺻۤﻞ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻡ .ﻭﺍﳌﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﻛﺘﲑ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺭﻭﺙ ﺩﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺸـﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﺳـﺘﺪﺍﺭﺗﻪ
ﺑﺸﻌﺔ ،ﻓﻴّﺎ ﻏﺶ ﻭﻓﻴّﺎ ﮔﺪﺏ ﻭﻓﻴّﺎ ﺿﻴﺎﻉ ﻭﻗـﺖ ،ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ.
ﻛﻞ ﺣﺮﻓﺔ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻻ ﻧﻘﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﲢﺪّﺩ ﺍﻷﺳﻌﺎﺭ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻔّﺎۤﺣﻴّۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔـﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻘﺼـﲑ ﻳﻄـﺒﺦ
ﲡﺎﺯﻳﻪ ﻭﺗﺎﱐ ﻣﺮﺓ ﲤﻨﻌﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻃﻰ ﺣﺮﻓﺘﻮ. ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻜﺮ :ﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻭﻳﱰﻉ ﻟﺒﺎﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﻌﻘـﺪ ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﺮ
ﺗْﻔﺎﺿٔﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻓﻀـﺤﻪ ﻭﻳﺮﻣﻰ ﺑﻪ ،ﰒ ﻳﺬﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻓﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺮﺵ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺸﻒ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﺋﻪ ،ﻭﺗَﻔﺎﺿـﺤﻮﺍ :ﻛﺸـﻒ ﻭﻳﺆﻛﻞ ﻛﻜﻮﻣﭙﻮٓﺳﺘﻮٓ.
ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﺉ ﺑﻌﺾ. ﺗْﻔﺎﺧٔﺪ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﻔﺨﺬﻩ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻔﺎﺿٔﺾ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺎﺿـﺾ ﺗْﻔﺎﺧٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻓﺨَﺮ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﺾّ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﻓـﺮّﻗﻬﻢ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ،ﺍﻓﺘﺨﺮ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﲟﻔﺎﺧﺮﻩ ،ﺗﻌﺎﻇﻢ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻮﺍ ﳑـﺎ ﻫـﻢ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﺧﺮٓ.
ﻭﺍﻧﺼﺮﻓﻮﺍ. ﻻ ﺗﻨﺲ ﻳﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﱯ ﺃﻧّﻮ ﳓﻨﻪ ﺑـﺂﺧﺮ ﻣﺮﺍﺣـﻞ
ﺗْﻔﺎﺿٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﺿﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ :ﺍﺩّﻋﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺧﺮ ﺑﺄﻧﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻮﺫ ﺑﺄﻧﺎ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺳـﻞ
ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞَ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ. ﺃﻧﺎ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﺮﻫﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﻧﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻥ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻭﻳﻦ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﱵ ﻭﻭﻳﻦ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺘﻮ؟ ﺑﺄﺳﺮﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻮﻡ ﳛﺚ ﺧﻄﺎﻩ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻋﻬﺪﻧﺎ ﻫـﺬﺍ
ﺑﻀﺎﻋﱵ ﺑﺘﺘﻔﺎﺿﻞ ﻛﺘﲑ ،ﺑﺲ ﺑﺪّﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻔﻬﻢ ﻻ. ﺍﻟﻀﻴّﻖ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻴﻊ.
ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔـﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗَﻔﺎﻋﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ( ﺗْﻔﺎﺩَﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﺩَﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻓﺪﻯ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ
ﺑـﺄﻥ ﺳﻜّﻨﻮﺍ ﺃﻭّﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻳﺒﺘﺪﺋـﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺴـﺎﻛﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﺍﺗّﻘَﻰ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ،ﻛﺄﻥ ﳚﻌﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ
ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺻﺎﺣﺒَﻪ ﻓﺪﺍﻩ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﲢﺎﻣﺎﻩ ﻭﺍﻧـﺰﻭﻯ
ﻋﻨﻪ.
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ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﻭُﺕ. ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ :ﺗﻘﺎﺗﻞ ﻭﺗﺼﺎﱀ ،ﻭﲟﻌـﲎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﲔ ﻋﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﰲ ﺗَﻔـﺎﻭﺕ ﻓﻌَﻞ :ﺑﺎﺩﺃ ﻭﺟﺎﺑَﻪ.
ﻛﺘﲑ. ﺗْﻔﺎﻋٔﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﺎﻭﻱ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺗْﻔﺎﻭٔﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮ ُﻡ ﰲ ﻛـﺬﺍ: ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ،ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ
ﻓﺎﻭﺽ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﺫﺍﻛﺮﻩ ،ﺣﺎﺩﺛﻪ. ﻋﺜﻤﺎﱐ.
ﺍﻟﺘْﻔﺎۤﻳۤﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷُﺛﻔﻴّﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺣﺠـﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘَﻔﺎﻋﻴﻞ :ﳚﻌﻠﻮﺎ ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻌﻴﻠـﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻌﻴﻠـﺔ ﰲ
ﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﻭﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ. ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﺭﻣﺰ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﺮﻭﺿـﻴﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺗْﻔﺎۤﻳﺎﺕ. ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﻔَﻴﺎٓ :ﺍﳌﻮﻗﺪ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴـﺔ: ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺿﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ :ﻓﻌـﻮﻟﻦ
ﺗْﻔَﻴَﺎ. ﻣﻔﺎﻋﻴﻠﻦ ﻣُﻔﺎﻋَﻠَﺘُﻦ ﻭﻓﺎﻋِﻼﺗﻦ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺳﻮﻯ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌـﺔ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﺸﺎﻩ ﻗﻂّ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺎﻳﺔ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ: ﻓﺮﻉ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ.
ﻻ ﻃﺒﻴﺦ ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﺑﺂﻳﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﺛﻔﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺓ(. ﺃﻣﺎ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﻠﻴﺠﺄ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻀـﺮﺑﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ
ﺗْﻔَ ﺒْﺮٔﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺑﺮﻳﻜﺔ – ﻗﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﻳﻘﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ ،ﻛﺄﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ :ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮ ﺣﺎﻻ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﳌﻌﲎ ﺻُﻨﻊ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ. ﻳـﺎ ﻣـﻮ ﺣـﺎﻻ ﺗﻘـﻮﻝ// :ﻩ /ﻩ /ﻩ //ﻩ /ﻩ/ ./ﻩ /ﻩ
ﺗَﻔﺘﺎ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻔﺘﻪ. /ﻩ /ﻩ /ﻩ //ﻩ./
ﺗْﻔَﺘّﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺘّﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ ،ﺗﻜﺴّﺮ. ﻭﺗـﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻴّﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤـﺎﻡ ﺑﻴﻀـﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺗْﻔﺘّﺖ ﻗﻠﺒﻮ )ﺃﻭ ﻛﺒﺪﻭ( ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﻭﲪﺮﺍ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻼﻡ// :ﻩ /ﻩ /ﻩ //ﻩ /ﻩ/ /ﻩ/ﻩ /ﻩ/ﻩ /ﻩ//ﻩ./
ﺗْﻔَﺘّﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺘّﺢ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻓﺘّﺢ. ﺗْﻔﺎﻗٔﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔـﺎﻗﻢ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮُ :ﻋَﻈُـﻢ ،ﻭﻻ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩ. ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺎﻗﻢ ﺍﳌﻜﺮﻭﻩ.
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻫـﺎﳌﻄﺮ! ﺗْﻔﺎﻧَﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﱏ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺃﻓـﲎ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ
ﺗْﻔﺘﺤۤﺖ ﺁﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎ. ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺃﻓـﲎ ﻧﻔﺴـﻪ،
ﺗْﻔَﺘّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻓﺘّـﺮ ﺍﳌـﺎﺀ ﺿﺤّﻰ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﻴّﺮﻩ ﻓﺎﺗﺮﺍً. ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ – ﻛﻌﺎﺩﺗﻪ – :ﺗَﻔﺎﻧَﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ:
ﺗْﻔﺘّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺘّﺶ ﻋـﻦ ﺃﺑﺪﻯ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺇﺧﻼﺻﺎً ﻭﺟﺪّﺍً ﺑﺎﻟﻐﲔ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲝﺚ ﻭﺳﺄﻝ ﻋﻨﻪ. ﺗْﻔﺎﻫَﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﳘﻮﺍ :ﺗَﻔﻬّﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً،
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﻹﻓﻬﺎﻡ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻔﺎﻫَﺔ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﺎﻟَﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗَﻔِﻪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻓﻪ.
ﺗْﻔﺎﻭٔﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺌﺎﻥ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔـﺎ،
ﺗﺒﺎﻋﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ.
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]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﺗَﻔْﺘَﻒ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑْﺘَﻔﺘﻒ ﺳﻴﻜﺎﺭﺗﻮ ﺗﻔﺘﻔۤـﻪ،
ﺗٕﻔْﺘَﻪ ﻫﻨﺪﻱ ﺗٕﻔْﺘَﻪ ﻫﻨﺪﻱ ﺷﺎﺵ ﺣﺮﻳﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻨﺎﺕ! ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺪﺧﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﻤﻬﻼً ﻭﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﻠـﻊ ﺩﺧﺎـﺎ:
ﺍﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻳۤﻊ ﻟﻠﺴﺘّﺎﺕ ﺍﻓﺘﺤﻲ ﱄ ﻳﺎ ﺻﺒﻴﺔ! ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ :ﺗﻒ ﻣﻜﺮﺭﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻮﻓﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻔﺘﻮﻓۤﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻜﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺠﻢ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﺗْﻔَﺘْﻔَﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻔﺘﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﻜـﺮﺍﺑﻴﺞ ﻓَﺘﺎﻓﻴـﺖ
ﻣﻦ ﺗﻔﺘﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻓَﺘﺎﻓﻴﺖ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺘﻔﺖ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺍﻟﺘَﻔﺘﻴﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻴﻔﺘﻴﻚ :ﺻﻮﻑ ﻣﺎﻋﺰ ﺃﻧﻘﺮﺓ، ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﺖّ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﻛﺴـﺮﻩ
ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻪ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﻮﺥ ﺍﳌﺘّﺨﺬ ﻣﻨﻪ. ﺑﺎﻷﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﻛِﺴَﺮﺍً ﺻﻐﲑﺓ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﺘﻔﺖ ﻭﻓﺖ .
ﺗْﻔَﺠّﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺠّﺮ :ﺍﻧﻔﺠﺮ ،ﺍﻧﺒﻌﺚ ،ﺟﺮﻯ. ﺗْﻔَﺘّٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺘّﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﻛﺎﻧﻔﺘﻖ :ﺗﺸـﻘﻖ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺠﱡﺮ. ﻭﺍﻧﺸﻖّ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻼﻡ :ﺍﻧﻄﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻔﺠّﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﺖ. ﺗْﻔَﺘّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺘّﻞ ﻛﺎﻧﻔﺘﻞ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ ﻓﺘّـﻞ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﺸﻬﺪ ﻭﺗﻔﺠﺮﻩ. ﺍﳊﺒﻞ :ﻟﻮﺍﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻔﺘّﻞ ﻟـﻮٓ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺗْﻔﺠّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺠّـﻊ :ﺗﻮﺟّـﻊ ،ﺗﻀـﻮّﺭ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻳﺘﺼﺒﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺟـﺎﻝ
ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻴﺒﺔ. ﻭﻃﺎﻑ :ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﳊﺒﻞ ﻭﺑﺮﻣﻪ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺠﱡﻊ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺑﺴﻌﺪ ﺍﳋﺒﺎﻳﺎ ﺑﺘﻔﺘّﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﻳﺎ.
ﺗْﻔَﺠﻠٔﻖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﻠﻘﺔ. ﺍﻟﺘَﻔْﺘَﻪ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘَﻔﺘﺎ ﻭﺑﺮﺩّ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ :ﻧﺴﻴﺞ ﺭﻗﻴـﻖ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﻑ ﻣﻌﺎً ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺔ:
]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﻻ ﺗﺘْﻔﺠﻠﻖ ﻛٓﻮ ﺑَﺸﻖّ ﲤّﻚ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺗﺎﻓﺘِﻪ :ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺎﻉ ،ﺍﻟﻼﻣﻊ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻔّﺎﻑ ،ﺍﳌﻀﻲﺀ،
ﻣﺎ ﺑﺸﻘّﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺸّﺔ. ﲰﻰ ﺍﻟﻔُﺮﺱ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻼﻣـﻊ ﺍﳊﺮﻳـﺮﻱ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺗْﻔَﺠْﻔَﺞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻧﺰﻝ ﻋﺎﻟﻀـﺮﺍۤﺑﺔ ﻭﺗﻔﺠﻔـﺞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺑﺮﺍﺳﻮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺠﻔـﺞ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻳﻠﻲ :ﺗَﻔﺘﺎ :ﺩﺧﻴﻞ ﻗﺪﱘ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻳـﺔ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﺠّﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ...ﻭﻟﻪ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳـﺐ ﺃﺧـﺮﻯ :ﺑَﻔﺘَـﻪ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﺠﻔﺞ ﻭﻓﺞ. ﻭﻓﺼﺤﺎﻩ :ﺍﻟﺴَﻜﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺑﻔﺘﻪ.
ﺗْﻔﺤّٔﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺤّﺺ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﲝـﺚ ﻭﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ.TAFFETAS :
ﻋﻨﻪ. ﻭﲰﻴﺖ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ))ﺗَﻔﺘﻨﺎﺯ(( ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﻔﺘﻪ :ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﻴﺞ
ﺗْﻔَﺤّٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺤّﻢ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ))ﻧﺎﺯ(( ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﻮﻣﺔ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ ﺑـﺘﻔﺤﻢ :ﺻـﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻻﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺧﺮ.
ﻛﺎﻟﻔﺤﻢ.
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ﰲ ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﺟﺮﻣﺎﻧﻮﺱ ﺣﻮّﺍ :ﻣﻄﺮﺍﻥ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺗْﻔٔﺨّٔﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻓﺨّـﺬ
:١٨۰٧ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻻ ﳜﺮﺟﻦ ﻟﻠﱪﺍﺭﻱ ﺃﻳـﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺳـﻢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻓﺮّﻕ ،ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻝ ﺩﺍﻻً.
ﻭﺍﳌﻔﺘﺮﺟﺎﺕ )ﻟﻌﻞ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻔﺮﱠﺟﺎﺕ(. ﺗْﻔٔﺨّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻔﺨّﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﻚ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳـﺒﺲ
ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ))ﻋﺠﺎﻳﺐ ﻏﺮﺍﻳـﺐ(( :ﺃﻣّـﺎ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺣﺘّﻰ ﻏﺪﺍ ﻛﺎﻟﻔﺨﺎﺭ ﺻﻼﺑﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻼﻡ ،ﻫﻲ ﻓﻄّﻮﻡ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻓﺘﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﱠﺔ، ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺨّﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻔﻮﺧﺮ.
ﻭﺗﻌﺎ ﺗﻔﺮّﺝ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻼﻡ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺮ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻟﻴﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻬﻠﻬﻞ.... ﺗْﻔٔﺨﻔٔﺦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﲟﺸﻲ ﻭﺑﺘﻔﺨﻔﺦ ،ﺣﻘّـﻮ
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺟﻮﺯﻱ ﺑﺘﺠﻮّﺯ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻴﺴـﻮ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪّ ﮔﻴّﺎﺗﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳـﺪﻝّ ﰲ ﻣﺸـﻴﺘﻪ
ﺑﺘﺨﺮّﺝ ﻫﻮّﻩ ﺑﺘﺒﻬﺪﻝ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺘﻔﺮّﺝ. ﻭﻳﺘﺒﺨﺘﺮ ،ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺻﻼً ،ﻭﻧﻈﻦ ﺃﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻟﺒّﺲ ﺍﻷﲰﺮ ﺃﲪﺮ ﻭﺍﺿـﺤﺎﻙ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺧﺘﺔ ،ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﰲ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻟﺒّﺲ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻭﺗﻔﺮّﺝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﻣﺸﻴﺘﻪ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﻴﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﺗْﻔٔﺨّٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺨّﻢ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﻛﺸﻔﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺗﻌﺎ ﺗﻔﺮّﺝ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓَﺨُﻢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻓﺨﻤﺎً.
ﳐﺰﻥ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﻭﺑﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﺮﳒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺨﻴﺪ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻓﺨّﺪ.
ﺗْﻔﺮﺟﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺟﺎﻩ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ :ﻓﺨﺪ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻮﺭﺟﻰ. ﺗْﻔَﺪﱠﻯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺪّﺍﻩ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ
ﺗْﻔَﺮﭼَﺎ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﻔَﺮْﭼﻰ ﺃﻭ ﺗْﱪﭼَﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺗْﱪﭼَﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺪّﻡ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻮﺿﺎً ﻋﻨﻪ .ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ:
ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﭼَﻰ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﭼَﻲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺪﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺪﺍﻳﺔ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﭼﺎﻳﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻔَﺮﺗَﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻓﺮﺗـﻚ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘْﻔﺮﭼِﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘْﱪﭼِﻲ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﻄّﻌﻪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺬَﺭّ.
ﺗْﻔ ّﺮٔﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗْﻔﺮّﺩ ﻛﺎﻧﻔﺮﺩ ﺑـﺎﻷﻣﺮ :ﻋﻤﻠـﻪ ﺗْﻔٔﺮّٔﺝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺮّﺝ ﺍﻟﻐَﻢﱡ :ﺗَﻜﺸّﻒ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ،ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﺮﺩﺍً ﻻ ﻧﻈﲑ ﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[: ﻳﻌﺪﻭﻧﻪ ﺑﻌﻠﻰ.
ﺗْﻔﺮّﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺗْﻔﺮﻓَﺪ ﺍﳌْﻴﺒّﺲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃُﻭﺳﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩﻩ. ﰲ ))ﲢﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪ(( ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻭﻱ :ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﱡﺝ :ﻟﻔﻈـﺔ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺮﱡﺩ. ﻣﻮﻟﺪﺓ ﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﻐﻢ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻧﻜﺸﺎﻓﻪ.
ﺗْﻔَﺮّٔﺯ :ﻟﻐﺔ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺗْﻔﺮّﺱ ﰲ ﻭﭼﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ :ﺗَﻔﺮّﺝ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺗَﺴﻠّﻰ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺭّﺟﺎﱐ :ﺭﻳﺎﺽٌ ﻟﻌﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺍﳌﺘﻔﺮﱢﺝ.
ﺗْﻔَﺮّٔﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺮﱠﺱ ﻓﻴﻪ :ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﺛﺒّﺖ ﻧﻈـﺮﻩ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺮﱡﺝ.
ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳋﲑ :ﺗﻮﺳّﻤﻪ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗْﻔَﺮﺟِﻲ :ﺗَﻠـﻬّﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺸـﻲﺀ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺮﱡﺱ. ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ )ﻭﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﻛَﺎﻓﺎً(.
ﺗْﻔﺮّٔﺽ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻔَـﺮّﺿۤﺖ ﺍﳋﺸﺒـﺔ
٣٥٥
ﺗْﻔﺮّٔﻍ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮّﻍ ﺍﻹﻧـﺎﺀَ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪﺓ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻓـﺮﱠﺽ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺧﻼﻩ ﳑﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺻﺒّﻪ. ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣَﺰّﻩ.
ﺗْﻔَﺮّٔﻍ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺮّﻍ :ﺗَﺨﻠّﻰ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﻐﻞ، ﺗْﻔَﺮّٔﻁ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺮّﻁ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻓﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﺘُﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﻭﻟﻠﺸﻲﺀ :ﺃﺧﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻐﻞ ﻣﺎﻋﺪﺍﻩ ،ﺑـﺬﻝ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﳘِﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ.
ﳎﻬﻮﺩﻩ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺗْﻔﺮﻃٔﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻓـﺮﻃﺢ
ﺍﻟﺘَﻔَﺮﱡﻍ :ﺃﻭ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﱡﻍ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺣـﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﻴّﺮﻩ ﻋﺮﻳﻀﺎً.
ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗُﻜﻔﻰ ﻣﺌﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺶ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻮﺥ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻔﻠﻄﺢ.
ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺮﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﻭﺃﻛﺎﺫﻳﺒـﻪ ﺗْﻔﺮﻃٔﺲ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻔﻴـﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺒـﺪﻭ :ﺗْﻔﺮﻃﺴۤـﺖ
ﺍﻟﱪّﺍﻗﺔ. ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗَﺤﻄﻤﺖ ،ﱂ ﳒـﺪ ﳍـﺎ ﺃﺻـﻼً،
ﺗْﻔﺮﻓَﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻓﺶ. ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺗﻔﺮﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻄﺴـﺖ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻤـﺔ :ﻣﺎﺗـﺖ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ.
ﺗْﻔَﺮﻓٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻓﻂ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﺑﺪﻭﻱ :ﺗﻔﺮﻃﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺄﻡ ﺭْﺟﻴۤﻢ .ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻟﻪ :ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺭﻗﻤﺎ؟
ﺗْﻔَﺮّٔﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺮّﻕ :ﺍﻓﺘﺮﻕ ،ﺗَﺒﺪّﺩ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ: – ﺇۤﻱ ﻭﺍﷲ :ﺳﻴﻘﺎﻧﲔ ﻟﻔﻮﻕ ﻭﻛﻌﻜﺔ ﻭﻋﺼـﺎ
ﺍﻧﻔﺼﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺻﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﻓِﺮَﻗﺎً ،ﺿﺪّ ﺗَﺠﻤّﻌﻮﺍ. ﻭﺗﻔﻮ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪ .(٧٧٥١۰
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍﻧﻔﺮۤﻕ :ﺗﻔﺮّﻕ. ﺗْﻔﺮّﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺮّﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﺍ ﻓﺮﻭﻉ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺮﱡﻕ ﻭﺗَﻔْﺮِﻗَﺖ. ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺋﻞُ :ﺗﺸﻌﺒﺖ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺗﺸﻌّﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺗْﻔﺮّﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﻝ ﻛـﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺮﱡﻉ.
ﻋﺠﺒﻮ ﻋﻘﻠﻮ. ﺗْﻔَﺮّﻉ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻔﺮّﻉ ﻭﺃﺟﺎ ﻟﻴﻨﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺍﻧﺪﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ
ﺗْﻔٔﺮْﻗٔﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻗﻊ. ﻭﻃٕﻠۤﻊ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﻭﻓﺘﺢ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻧﺰﻉ ﺛﻴﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﺮﱠﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻛﺸﻒ
ﺗَﻔﺮﻗﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺗﻔﺮْﻗﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔـﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﺠﺮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻲ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻗﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻓﺮّﻕ :ﻭﺯّﻉ ،ﺑﺪّﺩ. ﺗْﻔﺮﻋٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻋﻂ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺗﻔﺮﻗﺔ ﺩﻳﻨﻴـﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻋﻨﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ..... ﺗْﻔﺮﻋٔﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔَﺮﻋﻦ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﲣﻠّﻖ ﺑـﺄﺧﻼﻕ
ﺗْﻔَﺮّٔﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮّﻛﻪ :ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻋﻨﺔ :ﻃﻐﻰ ﻭﲡﺒّﺮ ﻭﺗَﺪَﻫّﻰ ،ﻓﻌﻞ ﻓﻌﻠﻬﻢ.
ﻓﺮﻛﻪ ﻭﺩﻟﻜﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻛـﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(:
ﺩﻟﻜﻪ ﻭﺣﺘّﻪ.
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ﺗْﻔﺴّﺦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺴّﺦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗﻘﻄّﻊ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺩّﺓ: ﺗْﻔﺮﻛﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻛﺲ.
ﺍﳓﻠّﺖ ﻭﺯﺍﻟﺖ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﲟﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﱪ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺀ ﺍﳌﻌﺮّﻱ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻔﺮﻛﺴۤﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻭﻓﺮﻛﺴـﺎ
ﺣﻜﻰ ﱄ ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺪﺱ :ﻛﺸﻔﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﱪ ﻭﺷﻔﻨﺎ ﲢﺘﻮ ﻗﺒﻮ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻓﻼﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﻔﺮﻛﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺱ.
ﻭﺃﺭﺿﻮ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﻧﺎﻋﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﻥ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﻻ ﻋﻀﻤﺔ – ﻭﻻ... ﺗْﻔﺮّﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮّﻡ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﺗﻔﺴّﺦ ،ﺭﺟّﻌﻨﺎ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﶈﻠﻮ ﻭﺳﻜّﺮﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﱪ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺑٕﺮﺟﻊ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺗﻮٓ ﻭﻟـﻮ ﺗْﻔـﺮّﻡ
ﻭﺣﻄﻴﻨﺎ ﻓﻮﻗﻮ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺑﻦ... ﺗﻔﺮﱘ )ﳛﺴﺒﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﱘ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺗﻔﺮّﻡ(.
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻄﺖ ﺃﻧﺖ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻚ ﺟﻨﺒﻬﺎ... ﺗْﻔٔﺮْ ﻧَﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓـﺮﻧﺞ –
ﺗْﻔَﺴّﺪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺴّﺪ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﲣﻠﻖ ﺑﺄﺧﻼﻕ ﺍﻹﻓـﺮﻧﺞ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻄﺒـﻊ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓَﺴُﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺪّ ﺻَﻠُﺢ. ﺑﻄﺒﺎﻋﻬﻢ.
ﺗْﻔَﺴّﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺴّﺮ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻓﺴّﺮ ﺍﻟﻜـﻼﻡَ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺸﺨﺼﻲ ﻻ ﺃﺣﺘﺮﻡ ﺍﳌﺘﻔﺮﻧﺞ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺘـﺰ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻭﺿﺤﻪ ﻭﺑﻴّﻨﻪ ﻭﻛﺸﻒ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺩﻩ. ﺑﺸﺨﺼﻴﺘﻪ ﻭﺃﺣﺘﺮﻡ ﺟﺪﺍً ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟَﻤﻲّ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻔﺴﲑ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻓﺴّﺮ ،ﻭﻟـﺪﻯ ﺇﻃﻼﻗﻬـﺎ ﺗْﻔﺮ ﻧَﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓـﺮﻧﺲ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ –
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ﺗْﻔﺼّٔﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺼّﺢ :ﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﻓﺼﺎﺣﺔ ،ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﺗْﻔﺸّٔﺦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺸّﺦ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺍﻟﻔﺼﺎﺣﺔ ،ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺼﺤﺎﺀ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﺸّﺦ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺼﱡﺢ. ﺗْﻔَﺸﻔَﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺭﻭ ﻫﻠّﻖ ﲜﻲ ﺃﺧﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻜـﺒﲑ
ﺗْﻔٔﺼْﻔٔﺺ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻔﺼﻔﺺ ﺍﻟﺒـﺰﺭ ،ﻭﻭﻗـﻊ ﺍﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﻔﺸﻔﺶ ﻓﻴﻚ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺸـﻔﺶ
ﻭﺗﻔﺼﻔﺺ ﺭﺍﺳﻮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔـﻊ ﻣـﻦ ﻓﺼـﻔﺺ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺶّ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﺎﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻓﻚّ ﻭﻛﺎﺀﻩ.
ﺗْﻔﺼّٔﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼّﻊ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺣﺴـﻦ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﲪـﺎﺗﻮ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗﻔﺸﻔﺶ ﺑﺎﻣﺮﺍﺗﻮ.
ﺗْﻔﺼّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔَﺼّﻞ :ﺗَﻘﻄّﻊ ﻋﻀﻮﺍً ﻋﻀﻮﺍً. ﺗْﻔﺸﻜﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺸﻜﻞ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻔﺼّﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻟـﺔ ،ﺗْﻔﺼّـﻞ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﳊﺎﻟﻮ :ﻭﻟﻚ ﻳـﺎ
ﺗْﻔَﻀّٔﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀّﻰ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺭﺟﺎﻝ! ﺻﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﺗﻼﺗﲔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻴﺖ ﺯﻏﲑ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗﺼﻠﻲ
ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﺎ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥُ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺀُ :ﺧﻼ ﳑﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻭﺗﺘﻮﺏ ﻟﺮﺑﻚ ،ﻭﺭﺍ ﺗْﻮﺿّﺎ ﻭﺻﻠّﻰ ،ﻭﻫﻮّﻩ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﻟﺒﻴﺘـﻮ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺗَﻔﺮّﻍ ﻟﻪ :ﺗْﻔﻀّﻴﺖ ﻟﻠﻚ. ﺗﻔﺸﻜﻞ ﻭﻭﻗﻊ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻡ ﻭﻣﺸﻲ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﺝ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺷﻮﻱ
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﺎﻳﺔ. ﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﻳﺢ ﻳﺘﻔﺸﻜﻞ ،ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺖ ﻟﻮﺭﺍﻩ ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ :ﺣﺎﺟـﺔ
ﺗْﻔﻀّٔﺾ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﻀﱠـﺾ ﺗﺪﻓّﺶ ﺑﻘٔﺎ ﻳﺎٔ! ﳛﺮﻕ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﻮّﻫﻪ ﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺻّﻌﻪ ﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﺑﺎﻟﻐْﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﺃﺟﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒْـﺪﺍﺭ
ﺗْﻔٔﻀْﻔٔﺾ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﻀﻔﺾ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ :ﺗﻔﺸﻜﻠﺖ ﺑﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ،ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﻓـﻮ ﺑﺘﻔﺸـﻜﻞ
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﺾّ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡَ :ﻓـﺮّﻗﻬﻢ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﲞﻴﺎﻟﻮ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳎﺎﺯﺍً ﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻔﺸﻜﻞ ﻭﻫـﻮّﻩ ﻣﺎﺷـﻲ
ﺗْﻔَﻀّٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻀﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺃﻧﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀـﻠﻪ ﺑﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﺪﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻓّﺎﻩ.
)ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺎﻣﻠﺔ( ،ﻭﺗﻔﻀﻞ ﻓﻼﻥ :ﺍﺩّﻋـﻰ ﺗْﻔﺸّﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﺸّﻞ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﺸﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻘﻢ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻀﱡﻞ. ﻭﺧﺮﺝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺟﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﰲ ﺭﺳﺎﺋﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﰊ: ﺗَﻔﺸﻮ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠـﺐ[ :ﰲ ﺟـﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺗﻔﻀﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻗﺒﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ. ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﺸﺎ :ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺱ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺃﺭﻣﻠـﺔ ﰲ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻔﻀـﻞ ﻛـﻮٓﻝ ،ﺗﻔﻀـﻞ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ٣٨ﺹ .١٨٥
ﻭﺳﺎﻭِﻱ.... ﺗْﻔَﺸْﻮٔﻝ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﺸﻮﻝ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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ﺗْﻔﻄّٔﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻄّﻦ ﻟﻜﻼﻣﻪ :ﺗَﻔﻬّﻤﻪ ،ﺗَﻨَﺒّﻪ ﻟﻪ، ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﰲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺗﻔﻀﻞ(( ﻣـﺎ ﰲ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺗَﺬﻛّﺮ. ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﻋﺸْﺖْ((.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻄﱡﻦ. ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻫـﺪﺍﻙ
ﺗْﻔَﻈّٔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻈﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﻓﻈﻴﻌـﺎً، ﻭﺃﺣﺴﻦ ،ﻓﻴﺼﻮﻏﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ
ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻔﻈّﻊ ﰲ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺿﻴَﻊ ﺍﻟﺜـﻮﺭﺓ ﻛـﺘﲑ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻓﻌﻞ :ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺟﺤـﺶ ﻭﺃﺗـﻴﺲ ﻭﺃﺯﻓـﺖ،
ﺗْﻔَﻌّٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔَﻌّﻞ :ﺳﻜّﻨﻮﺍ ﺗﺎﺀﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﺼﻮﻏﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺼﻮﻏﻪ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌـﻞ
ﻭﺍﺯﺎ ﻋﺮﻭﺿﻴﺎً ﻛﺘﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻭﺗﻔﻤﻌﻞ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻤـﻞ ﻭﺗﻔﻌـﻮﻝ ﻓﻘﻂ.
ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ ﻭﻫـﺎﻟﻠﻮﻥ
ﺗْﻔﻌﻠَﻞ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ. ﺃﲪﺮ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ،ﻓﻴﺼﻮﻏﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ:
ﺍﻟﺘْﻔٕﻌْﻠٓﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺘْﻨﺸﻨٓﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺘْﱪﻃٓﻞ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻮﳘـﺎ ﺃﺷﺪ ﺳﻮﺍﺩﺍً ﻭﳓﻮ ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜـﻮﻓﻴﲔ ﺃﺟـﺎﺯﻭﺍ
ﻭﻏﲑﳘﺎ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻓَﻌْﻠَﻞ ،ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﳘﺎ ﻭﳓﻮﳘﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺽ ﻓﻘﻂ.
ﺍﻟﻔَﻌﻠﻠﺔ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻗﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻋﺎﻥ ﻭﺃﻋﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺝ،
ﺗْﻔَﻌْﻮﻝ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻔﻌﻞ. ﻓﻴﺼﻮﻏﻮﻧﻪ ﳑﺎ ﺻﻔﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ :ﺃﻋﻨﻒ
ﺍﻟﺘَﻔﻌﻴﻠۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻌﻴﻠﺔ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﺻـﻄﻼﺡ ﻗَﺮَﻋﺎً ﻭﳓﻮ ﺫﻟﻚ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ :ﻛﻞ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﺯﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﻘﻮﳍﻢ :ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺴـﻴﻂ: ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺃﺷﻴﻄﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﻭﺃﺑـﻮﻩ
ﻣﺴﺘﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻓﺎﻋﻠُﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻓَﻌِﻠُﻦ :ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻼﺕ. ﺃﻗﺮﺑﻂ ﺣﺎﺭﺗﻮ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺷﻔﺖ ﺃﺧﱰﺭ ﻣﻨّﻮ ﻭﻻ ﺃـﺪﻝ ﻭﻻ
ﺗْﻔَﻘّٔﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻘّﺪﻩ :ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻏﻴﺒﺘﻪ ،ﺣﺎﻟَﻪ: ﺃﻋﻔﺮﺕ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻓﺠﻠﻖ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻗﺤﱭ ﻣﻊ ﺃﻧّﻮ ﺃﺯﻧﮕﻦ ﺃﻫـﻞ
ﺩﻗّﻖ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻟﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﺧﻠﻠﻬﺎ. ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ،ﺑﻌﻜﺲ ﺃﺧﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻫﻮّﻩ ﺃﭼﻠﱭ ﺑﺲ ﺃَﻧَﺮﭬـﺰ،
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻘﱡﺪ. ﻓﻴﺼﻮﻏﻮﻧﻪ ﳑﺎ ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻓﻌﻠَﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻗﺮﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻘﱡﺪ. ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻷﻋﺠﻤﻲ.
ﺗْﻔﻘّٔﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻘّﺲ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺗْﻔَﻄّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺗﻔﻄّﺮﻧﺎ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﻧﻴّﺔ ﻭﺷﻌﻴﺒﻴّﺎﺕ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﻘﺲ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮ ﺑﻴﻀﻪ :ﻛﺴﺮﻩ. ﻭﺍﻣﺒﺎﺭﺣﺔ ﻓﻮﻝ ﻣﺪﻣّﺲ ﻣﻊ ﻓﺤﻠﲔ ﺑﺼﻞ ،ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺗْﻔَ ّﻘٔﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻔﻘّﺶ ﺍﳊﻤّٓـﺺ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ: ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻄّﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣـﻦ ﻓﻄِـﺮ
ﺃﺧﺮﺟـﺖ ﺣﺒﺘـﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻼﻓﻬـﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘـﻊ، ﺍﻟﻔﻄﻮﺭ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻔَﻄّٔﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓَﻄّﺲ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻔﻴﻮﻥ :ﺗﻔﻄّﺴﻨﺎ ﻣﺎﻟﻌﻄﺶ ﻭﻣﺎﻟﺘﻌﺐ.
ﺗْﻔﻄّٔﺲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻛﻞ ﺻـﻮﺍﺏ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﻧﻔـﻮ
ﻭﺗﻔﻄّﺲ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻄّﺲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣـﻦ
ﻓﻄﺲ ﺃﻧﻔﻪ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻓﻄﺲ ﻭﺗﻄﺎﻣَﻨﺖ ﻗﺼﺒﺘﻪ.
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ﺗْﻔﻜّﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻜّﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺃﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﳋﺎﻃﺮ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻘّﺶ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـًﺎ
ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺗﺄﻣﻠﻪ. ﻣﻦ ﻓﻘﺶ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺴـﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻴـﺪﻩ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻜﱡﺮ. ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﺍ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﻜﺮ ﻭﺍﻓﺘﻜﺮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻔﻘﺶ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺯ ﻭﺗﻔﻘﺶ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮ.
ﺗْﻔﻜﻔﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻜﻔﻚ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫـﺎ ﺗْﻔﻘّٔﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻔﻘّﻄﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﺎﻟـﺔ ﻭﺗﻔﻘﻴﻄـﺎ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻓﺘﺤﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻧﺰﻉ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻘّﻂ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻪ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺣﻠّﻪ. ﻓﻌﻼً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺀ ﻭﻗﻂ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﳊﺼﺮ ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻔﻜﻔﻚ ﺍﳌﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻭﺗﻔﻜﻔﻜـﺖ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﻘّﻂ ﻭﻓﻘﻂ.
ﺑﺮﺍﻏﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ... ﺗْﻔَﻘّٔﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻔﻘّﻌﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ
ﺗْﻔﻜّﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻜّﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻧﻔﻚّ. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻘّﻊ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺷﻖّ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﻚ ﻭﺍﻧﻔﻚ ﻭﺗﻔﻜﻔﻚ. ﺗْﻔٔﻘﻔٔﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻘﻔﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺟـﻞُ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻣـﻪ:
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻜﱡﻚ. ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ،ﻭﰲ ))ﺍﺮﺩ(( :ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻔﺎﻗﺔ :ﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﲪﻖ
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﺷﺨﺼـﻴﺔ :ﺷﺨﺼـﻴﺘﻮ ﺍﳍَﺬَﺭﺓ .ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺗْﻔﻘﻔﻖ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻓﻘﺄ ﺩﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻘـﺪﻩ
ﻣﺘﻔﻜﻜﺔ. ﻭﻏﻀﺒﻪ.
ﺗْﻔﻜّﻪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻔﻜّﻪ ﻓﻴﲏ ،ﰲ ))ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻫـﺮ((: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﺟﺎ ﻳﺘﻔﻘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ )ﺃﻭ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ(.
ﺗَﻔﻜﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺃﻱ :ﲤﺘﻊ ﺑﻪ. ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻘﻴﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍً ﻟﻔﻘّﻊ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺟﻢ :ﺗَﻔﻜﻪ ﺑﻪ :ﺗَﻠﺬّﺫ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺃﻛﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺗﻔﻘﻴﻊ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ.
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻔﻜﻬﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﺴـﻬﺮﺓ ﺍﻣﺒﺎﺭﺣـﺔ ﰲ ﺗْﻔَﻘّٔﻪ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻘّـﻪ
ﻓﻼﻥ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺫﻛﺮﻭﻩ ﻭﺍﻏﺘﺎﺑﻮﻩ ﻭﻧﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ(. ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ :ﻋﻠﻤﻪ ،ﻭﻓﻼﻥ :ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ.
ﺗَﻔَﻞ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺑﺼﻖ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺀَ :ﳎّﻪ ﻛﺮﺍﻫﺔ ﻟﻪ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﰲ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﻋﺼﺮﻧﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻌﻈـﻢ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮﺍﺽ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻘﻪ ﻭﳓﻨﻪ ﻣﻨﻌﺮﻓﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻔﻘّﻪ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻣﺘﻠﻮ ،ﺣﱴ ﺃﻧّﻮ
ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻯ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ،ﺑﻴﻘﺮﺍ ﻭﺑﺪﻣـﺪﻡ ﻭﲟﺴـﺢ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻋﺎﻟﻐﺎﻳﺐ :ﻫﺎﳊﻜﻢ ﻭﺭﺩ ﰲ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﰲ ﲝﺚ
ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ﻭﺑﺘﻔﻞ ﻋﺎﻟﻌﲔ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺪﺍﻧﺔ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻲ ﻳﺸﺮﺑﺎ ﺍﳌﺮﺿﺎﻥ ﻛﺬﺍ ﻭﰲ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﻛﺬﺍ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﻛﺬﺍ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺷﻴﺨﻨﺎ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺴﺔ ﻳﺄﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺷّﺢ ﻷﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﻳﺪﺍً ﻫﺎﺩ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻼﺋﺤﺔ ﻷﺣﺪ ﻣﻮﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻳﺘﺮﻙ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺛﻐـﺮﺓ،
ﻟﻪ ،ﻳﻘﺮﺃ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻴﺐ ﺑﻨﻮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﳝﺴﻚ ﺍﳊﻴـﺔ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﺑﺮُﻭ ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﺧﺼﻢ ﻣﻮﻛﻠﻮ ﻭﺑﻔﺎﻭﺿﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺒﻠـﻎ
ﺻﺎﺭﺧﺎً ﺎ ﻭ... ﻟﻴﻨﻘﺾ ﺍﻟﻼﺋﺤﺔ ﰒ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻬﺎ ﺗﺎﺭﻛﺎً ﳎﺎﻻً ﻟـﻨﻘﺾ ﻫـﺬﻩ
ﺍﻟﺘٕﻔْﻞ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺜُﻔﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﳋﺜﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺳﺒﺔ. ﺃﻳﻀﺎً.
ﺗْﻔَﻠّﻰ :ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻠّـﻰ :ﻧﻘّـﻰ ﺭﺃﺳـﻪ
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ﺍﻟﺘۤﻔۤﻠﱢﻴﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ،ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺛﻮﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﻞ ،ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮُ :ﺃﺩﺧﻞ ﻣﻨﻘﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﲔ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ))ﻳَﻬﻮَﻩ(( ﺗﻌﻠّﻖ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﰲ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻼﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻼﻳﺔ.
ﺍﳉﺒﲔ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻒ ﺍﻷﻳﺴﺮ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻔﻮﺭ ﻋﻢ ﻳﺘﻔﻠّﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺼـﻴّﺎﺩ
ﺗْﻔَﻨْﺠَﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻔﻨﺠﺮﺕ ﻋﻴﻮﻧﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﻓـﻮ، ﻋﻦ ﺑﺘﻘﻠّﻰ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻨﺠﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻔَﻠّﺖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔَﻠّﺖ :ﺗَﺨﻠّﺺ.
ﺗْﻔﻨّﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻔﻨﺪﺕ ﻛﻞ ﺃﻗﻮﺍﻟﻮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﻠﺖ ﻭﺍﻧﻔﻠﺖ.
ﺗْﻔﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻨّﺪﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺬّﺑﻪ ،ﺧﻄّﺄ ﺭﺃﻳﻪ ﺗْﻔَﻠﺤﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻠﺤﺺ.
ﺃﻭ ﺿﻌّﻔﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻔَﻨْﺪﻝ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻣﺎ ﻃﻠﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻰ ﻳﻘﺪﺭ ﻳﺘﻔﻠﺤﺺ ﻗﺪّﺍﻡ
ﺗْﻔﻨﺪﻝ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺸﻨﺪﻝ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﻈﺒﻄﻴّﺔ.
ﺗْﻔﻨﻄﺰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻄﺰﻳﺔ. ﺗْﻔَﻠﺴﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗﻔﻠﺴﻒ :ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ ،ﲢﻜﻢ .ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﺸﺐ ﻣﺎ ﺣـﺪﺍ ﺑﻄﻴﻘـﻮ، ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺃﺭﻯ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻓﻴﻠﺴﻮﻑ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻪ.
ﻭﻟﻴﺶ؟ ﻷﻧﻮ ﺩﺍﳝﺎً ﺑﺘﻔﻨﻄﺰ :ﲝﻂّ ﻟﻠﻲ ﻧﻀّﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺳـﻮﺩ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ :ﻳﺘﻔﻠﺴﻒ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ﻭﺑﺸﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻹﻟﺪﻭﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﺈﻳﺪﻳـﻪ ﻭﲟﻴّـﻞ ﱄ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﻔﻠﺴﻒ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭ ﻭ )ﻓﻠّﺖ(.
ﺑﺮﻧﻴﻄﺘﻮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﻮ ﻣﻦ ﲤّـﻮ ﻭ ...ﻭﻋﺎﺟـﺐ ﺗْﻔَﻠْﻄﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻓﻠﻄـﺢ
ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻭﺑﺲ. ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺑﺴﻄﻪ ﻭﻋﺮّﺿﻪ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﻓﻮـﺎ ﺇﱃ:
ﺗْﻔﻨﮕﺮَ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﮕﺮﺓ. ﺗﻔﺮﻃﺢ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻔَﻠّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻠّﻊ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻓﻠّﻌﻪ ::ﻗﻄّﻌـﻪ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﻟـﻮ ﻟﻠﺒﺘﻔﻨﻄـﺰ: ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺔُ :ﺍﻧﻔﻠﻘﺖ ،ﻭﻗﺪﻣُﻪ :ﺗَﺸﻘﻘﺖ.
ﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﺳﻴﺪﻱ ،ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻔﻨﮕﺮ :ﺑﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺑﺄﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻋﻢ ﺗﻔْﻠﻔﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡَ
ﻭﺑﱪﻙ ﺑﺄﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﺎﻭﻱ ﻭﺑﺸﺮﺏ ﺃﺭﻗﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺧّﺎﻥ ،ﻟﻜﻦ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻔُﻠﻔُﻞ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺑﺴﺮﻙ ﳌﺎ ﺑﺘْﻘﻞّ ﻣﻌﻮ ﺑﺸﺮﺏ ﺃﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﺧّﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻨﻮ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻠﻔﻞ.
ﻭﺑﲔ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻭﻗﺪّﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﻄﺎﻟﻊ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺎﺯ ،ﺇﺫﻥ ﰲ ﺟﻴﺒـﻮ ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺷﻮﻑ ﻫﺎﳌﺮﺍ ﺷـﻠﻮﻥ ﻋـﻢ
ﺍﻹﻣﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻛﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﱄ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻃﻲ ،ﻭﺑﺸـﻮﻓﻮ ﺑﺘﻔﻠﻔﻞ ،ﻣﺴﻜﻴﻨﺔ ﺿﺎﻉ ﺇﺑﻨﺎ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﺘﻠﻮّﻉ ﻭﻳﻠﺬﻋﻬﺎ
ﺃﻭﺍﻗﻴﺖ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺸﺮﺏ ﻛﺎﺯﻭﺯﺓ ﺑﻄﻮّﻝ ﺑﺸﺮﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﲟﺺ ﻣﺼﺎﺎ(.
ﻟﻠﻮ ﻣﺼّﺔ ﻭﺑﻔﺮﺟﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﻮ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺪّﻳﻦ ﻛﺄﻧﻮ ﻋﻢ ﺑﻴﻘـﻮﻝ: ﺗْﻔَﻠّﻖ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻠّﻖ :ﺗَﺸﻘﻖ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ
ﺷﻮﻓﻮﱐ ﺷْﻘﺪ ﻋﻢ ﲜﺦّ. ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺗﻜﺸّﻒ.
ﺍﻟﺘْﻔَﻨﮕۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗُﻔَﻚ ﻭﺗﻔﻨﻚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ:
ﺗَﻔﻨﻚ :ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻱ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ.
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ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﻓُﻮﻱ :ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﺣﺘﻘﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﴰﺌﺰﺍﺯ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻨﮕﺎﺕ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻒ ﻭﺗﻔﻪ ﻭﺗﻔﻲ. ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺻﺎﻧﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﺎﺋﻌﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻨﮕﺠﻲ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻋﻴﲏ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺗﻔﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ:ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻨﮕﺠﻴﺔ.
ﺗْﻔَﻮّﺕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻮّﺕ ﺍﻟـﱵ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﳌﻦ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ:
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﺮُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﻀﻰ ،ﺫﻫـﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻔﻮﺭ ﺃﺟﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻨﮕﺘﻮ.
ﻭﻗﺖُ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﺭﻛﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻓـﺎﺕ ﺗْﻔَﻨّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻨّﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗﻨﻮﻋﺖ ﻓﻨﻮﻧُـﻪ،
ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﺎﺭ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺩﺧﻞ. ﻓﻼﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ :ﺳﻠﻚ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻚ ﻣﺘﻨﻮّﻋﺔ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺘﻔﻮّﺕ. ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺃﺑﺪﻯ ﻓﻨّﻪ ﻭﻋﺒﻘﺮﻳﺘﻪ.
ﺗﻔﻮﺧﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻓـﻮﺧﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻨﱡﻦ.
ﺍﻟﻜﻌﻚ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻔَﺨّـﺎﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﺘﻔﻨﻨﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ،
ﺍﳋﺰﻑ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺘﻔﻮﺧﺮ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﻟﻔَﺨّﺎﺭ. ﻭﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﺘﻔﻨّﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻔﺘﺮﺍﺕ ،ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺒّﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺑﺘﻔـﻨّﻦ
ﺗْﻔﻮّﺩ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭ ﺧﺎﺻـﺔ :ﺗﻔﻮّﺩﻧـﺎ ﻣﺎﻟﱪﻏـﻞ ﺑﺘﻤﺴﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﻮﺥ ﻭﺑﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﻣﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻨﺪﺭﺍﺕ.
ﻭﻣﺎﻟﺪﺑﺲ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﲤﻮّﻧﺎ .ﻟﻌﻠﻬﻢ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗْﻔﻪ :ﻣﻦ ))ﺗﻒ(( :ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻖ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻫﺎﺀ
ﻓﺎﺩﺕ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓُ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﻟﻪ. ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺖ.
ﺗْﻔَﻮّﺭ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْْﻔﻮّﺭﺕ ﺍﳌﻲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ]ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﺎﻢ[ :ﺗْﻔﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻲ ﻭﻟـﻚ ﻓﺴﻔﺴـﺔ
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻮّﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻓﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻘِـﺪﺭُ ﺍﳌﺨﺪّﺓ ﻭﺃﻟﻒ ﺗْﻔﻪ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻓَﻮﺭﺍﻧﺎ :ﺟﺎﺷﺖ ﻭﻏﻠﺖ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻒ ﻭﺗﻔﻮ ﻭﺗﻔﻲ.
ﺗْﻔَﻮّﺽ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻮّﺽ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻔّﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻴﻔﻚ ﻣﻨّﻮ ،ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺗﻔّﻪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻﻴّﺮﻩ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺃﻧﻪ ﺣﻘﲑ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻔﻮﺿﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗُﻔﻮﺿِﻞ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺭﻣﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺐ ﺃﺟﺎ ﺗﻔّﻪ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ
ﺗْﻔَﻮّﻁ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻮّﻃﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻟﺒﺴﻪ ﺍﳉﻠﺤﻮﰐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻃﺔ. ﺗْﻔَﻬّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔَﻬّﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ :ﻓﻬﻤﻪ ﺷﻴﺄً ﺑﻌـﺪ
ﺗْﻔﻮﻋﻞ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻔﻌﻞ. ﺷﻲﺀ.
ﺗْﻔﻮّﻕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻮّﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻮﻣﻪ :ﺗَﺮﻓّﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔَﻬﱡﻢ.
ﺗْﻔُﻮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻔﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻖ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻔﻪ.
ﻭﰲ ﳒﺪ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗﻔﻮ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ :ﺗْﻔﻮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺳﺤﻘﺎً ﻭﺗَﺒّﺎً.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﻔﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
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ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻗَﺪَﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻗَـﻮِﻱ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔَﻮﱡﻕ ﻭﻣُﺘﻔﻮﱢﻕ.
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﺗْﻔَﻮّﻩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻮّﻩ :ﻧﻄﻖ.
ﺗْﻘﺎﺩَﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻘﺎﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻗﺪُﻡ ،ﻣﻀﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻮﱡﻩ.
ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻩ ﺯﻣﻦ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ. ﺗْﻔِﻲ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻔﻲ ﻋﺎﳌﺎﻋﻨﺪﻭ ﺷﺮﻑ :ﺣﻜﺎﻳـﺔ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﺎﺩﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ. ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻖ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺩُﻡ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻒ ﻭﺗﻔﻪ ﻭﺗﻔﻮ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺩﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ :ﻣﺪﺓ ﳛـﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻘـﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺗْﻔَﻴّﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻔﻴـﺄ – ﻭﺗﺴـﻬّﻞ ﳘﺰـﺎ –:
ﻳﺴﻘﻂ ﰲ ﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﺣﻖ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ. ﺍﺳﺘﻈﻞ.
ﺗْﻘﺎﺫﻑ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺫﻓﻮﺍ ﺗْﻔﲔ] :ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺮﺯ ﺑﺘْﻔﲔ :ﺍﻟﺮﺯ ﺑـﺎﻟﻠﺤﻢ
ﺑﺎﳊﺠﺎﺭﺓ :ﺗﺮﺍﻣَﻮﺍ ﺎ ،ﺗَﻘﺎﺫﻓﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﻣـﻮﺍﺝ :ﻗﺬﻓـﻪ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻋﻢ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ،ﻭﲰـﻮﺍ ﻫـﺬﺍ
ﺑﻐﻀُﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻌﺾ. ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﲔ ﺣﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﲔ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﳌﺪﻓﻮﻥ ﰲ
ﺗْﻘﺎﺭٔﺏ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻘﺎﺭﺑﺎ :ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺑﺎ ،ﺿﺪ ﺗَﺒﺎﻋﺪﺍ. ﻃﻴّﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺭﺏ. ﺗْﻘﺎﺑَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ :ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ
ﺗْﻘﺎﺭٔﺵ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻴﻔﻮ ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺘﻘﺎﺭﺵ ﻣﻌـﻮ؟ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ،ﺗﻮﺍﺟﻬﺎ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺭﺵ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺑُﻞ.
ﺗْﻘﺎﺭﺽ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ: ﺗْﻘﺎﺗَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻘﺎﺗﻠﻮﺍ :ﲢﺎﺭﺑﻮﺍ ،ﻗﺘﻞ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ
ﺗَﻘﺎﺭﺿﺎ :ﺃﻗﺮﺽ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ. ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﺗﺸﺎﺟﺮﻭﺍ.
ﺗْﻘﺎﺭٔﺽ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﳊﺪﻳﺪﺗﲔ ﻋـﻢ ﲝﺘﻜّـﻮﺍ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺪّﻙ ﻋﻨﺐ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺪﻙ ﺗﺘﻘﺎﺗـﻞ ﻣـﻊ
ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻦ ﻭﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻘﺎﺭﺿﻮﺍ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﻘـﺮﺽ ﺇﺣـﺪﺍﳘﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻃﻮﺭ.
ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺭﺽ ﺍﻟـﱵ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺎﺗﻠﻮﺍ ﺻـﺮﻣﺎﻳﺘﲔ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻔﺄﺭُ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ :ﻗﻄﻌﻪ. ﺑﻌﺘﺒﺘﻮ ﻭﻻ ﻣﻌﻠﻘﺘﲔ ﺑﺴﻔﺮﺗﻮ )ﺃﻱ :ﲞﻴﻞ(.
ﺗْﻘﺎﺭٔﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺭﻋﻮﺍ :ﺗَﻀﺎﺭﺑﻮﺍ ﺗَﻄﺎﻋﻨﻮﺍ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﺎﺗﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﳊﻤﲑ ﻣـﻦ ﺳـﻌﺪ
ﺗْﻘﺎﺭٔﻉ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺭﻋﻮﺍ :ﺿﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻘُﺮﻋﺔ. ﺍﻟﺮﻛّﺎﺏ )ﺃﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﺀ ﺳﻌﺪﻫﻢ(.
ﺗْﻘﺎﺭٔﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ: ﺗْﻘﺎﺩ] :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻯ ﺣﻠﺐ[ ﰲ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﻌـﺎﻥ ،ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ :ﺗﻘﺪﺍ :ﺍﻟﺼﻮﳉﺎﻥ ،ﺍﻟﻌَﻠﻢ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺏ
ﺃﺭﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ :ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ :ﺱ ۳۸ﺹ.۱۸٥
ﺗْﻘﺎﺩٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ :ﻃﻠﺐ ﻛـﻞ
ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﺴـﺎﻭﺍﺓ ﺍﻵﺧـﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘـﺪﺭﺓ،
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ﺗَﺼﺎﺣﺒﺎ ،ﻟﺰﻡ ﺃﺣﺪُﳘﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﳌﺎ ﺑﺘﻘﺎﻃﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺑٕﺘْﲏ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺘﻘﺎﺭۤﻥ ﻣﻨﺘﻮﺟﻲ ﲟﻨﺘﻮﺝ ﻏﲑﻱ ﺑﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺧﻨﺼﺮﻭ ﻭﺑﺸﺒﻜﻮ ﲞﻨﺼﺮ ﺭﻓﻴﻘﻮ ﻭﺑﺸﺪﻭﺍ ﺣـﱴ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻗﺘﺮﻥ.
ﻳﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻚ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻕ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺭُﻥ.
ﺗْﻘﺎﻋٔﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﻋﺪ :ﻗﻌﺪ. ﺗْﻘﺎﺳَﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﲰﻮﺍ :ﺃﺧﺬ ﻛﻞﱞ ﻗﺴﻤﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻘﺎﻋُﺪ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺗَﻘﺎﻋﺪَ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺗَﻘﺎﻋُﺪﺍً ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﺎﲰﻮّﺍ ﺭٕﻛَﻊ.
ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻹﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺵ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺕ :ﺗﻘﺎﺳﻢ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻭﻳﺖ. ﺗْﻘﺎﺻٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻘِﺼﺮَ،
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﰊ :ﺍﻻﺗّـﺪﺍﻉ، ﺍﻟﻈﻞﱡ :ﺗَﻘﻠّﺺ ،ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﻛﻒّ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﻣﺘﻨﻊ.
ﻭﻓﻌﻠﻪ :ﺍﺗّﺪﻉ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻛﻨﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﻛﺔ ﻭﺑﻌـﺪﺍ ﺗﻘﺎﺻـﺮﻧﺎ،
]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻋُﺪ ﻣﻦ ))ﻣـﺖ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﲣﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎ.
ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺍً((. ﺗْﻘﺎﺻٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺻّـﻪ
ﺗْﻘﺎﻋٔﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﻋﺲ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻭﻗﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺎﺹ.
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ :ﺗﺄﺧّﺮ ﻋﻨﻪ. ﺗْﻘﺎﺿٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺿـﻰ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺎﺻـﻤﺎﻥ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﻟﺘَﻘّﺎﻟۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ َﺛﻘّﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻭﺿﻊ ﺷﻴﺄً ﺛﻘـﻴﻼً ﻓـﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ :ﺗَﺤﺎﻛﻤﺎ ﻭﺗﺮﺍﻓﻌﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﺗَﻘﺎﺿﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦَ ﻭﻏـﲑَﻩ
ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻟﺌﻼ ﻳﻌﺒﺚ ﺎ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ،ﻭ ))ﺍﳉﻮﺩﻩ ﱄ(( ﻭﳓـﻮﻩ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺪﻳﻦ :ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ﻭﻗﺒﻀﻪ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﻳﺰﺍﺩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻑ ﻟﻠﺘﺪﻓﺌﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺿِﻲ.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﳍﺎ ﳎﻤﻊ ﻣﺼﺮ :ﺍﻟُﻤﺜﻘِﻠﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺘﻘﺎﺿﻰ ﺭﺍﺗﺐ ﺿﺨﻢ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻘّﺎﻟۤﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻗﻠَﺐْ ﺗَﻘّﺎﻟﺔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺗَﻘﻼ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ: ﺗْﻘﺎﺿٔﻰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺘﻘﺎﺿﻰ ﻣﻘﺎﺿﺎﺓ،
ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻠﻮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻳﺴـﻤﻲ ﺍﻷﺗـﺮﺍﻙ ﻣـﻦ ﻳﻠﻌﺒـﻬﺎ: ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﻠﻤﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻨﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗَﻘْﻼﺟﻲ. ﺍﻹﺿﺎﺀﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺑﺪﻟﻮﺍ ﳘﺰﺎ ﻗﺎﻓﺎً ،ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻨﺪﺭﻫﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﻠﺐ ﺗَﻘّﺎﻟﺘﲔ ﺑـﺎﳍﻮﺍ ﻭﲡـﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ.
)ﳊﻀﲏ( ﺳﻮﺍ. ﺗْﻘﺎﻃٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﻃﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺟﺎﺀﻭﺍ ﻭﺗﺘـﺎﺑﻌﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺪ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﶈﺪﺛﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴـﻨﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺭﻭﺛـﺔ ﺃﺭﺳﺎﻻً.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﺘﻨﺎﻗﻞ ،ﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺪ ﻷﺎ ﻳﻘﻠﱢﺪ ﺎ ﺍﳉﻴﻞ ﺗْﻘﺎﻃٔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﺌﺎﻥ :ﺍﻧﻔﺼـﻞ
ﺟﻴﻼً ﻗﺒﻠﻪ. ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ،ﺿﺪّ ﺍﺗّﺼﻼ ،ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻫﺠﺮ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘَﻘﺎﻧۤﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻹﺗﻘﺎﻧَﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
ﺃﺗﻘﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ – :ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ– ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻓﺔ ﻛﺄﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺗﻘﺎﻥ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻄﻒ :ﺱ ٦٤ﺹ.٢٥
ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﺘﻘﻦ.
٣٦٤
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﺒّﺾ ﺍﳊﻖ ﻭﺻـﺎﺭ ﺍﳌـﻼۤﻙ ﺗْﻘﺎﻭﻯ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣﺪﺍ ﺑﺘﻘﺎﻭﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺯﻋﺮ ﻣﻨّﻮ؟
ﻭﺑﻜﺮﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎۤﺏ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺱ. ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻭﺍﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﲟﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻘٔﺒّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒّﻌﻪ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗـﺎﺕ ﺑﺘﺘﻘﺒّـﻊ ﰲ ﺣﱴ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﺑﺘﺘﻘﺎﻭﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﻀﺎ :ﺿﻴﻌﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﺍﻟﺸﺘﺎۤ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ ﺑﺘﻘﺒّﻊ ﻛﻤﺎﻥ ﺗَﻴﺨﺘﻤﺮ. ﺿﻴﻌﺔ ﻭﺑﻠﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻠﺪ :ﺿﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺳْﻌﻴﺪ ﻋﺎﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭﻱ
ﺗْﻘٔﺒﻘٔﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻗَﺒﻘَﺐ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻭﺣﺎﺭﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﻛﻮﺵ ﻭﺇﺩﻟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﳛﺎ ﻭ ﲪﺎﺓ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒّﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﲪﺺ ﻭﺣﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﻛﻮﺵ ﻭ...
ﺗْﻘٔﺒّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒّﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺗْﻘﺎﻭٔﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺎﻭﻻ :ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺿﺎ ﻭﺗﺒﺎﺣﺜﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ
ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻊ ﺭﺃﺳَﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺩﺧﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺛﻮﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﳌﻌﲎ ﲡﺎﺩﻻ.
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃُﻟﺒﺲ ﻗﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻘَﺮَﻉ. ﺗْﻘﺎﻭٔﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻭﻣﻪ.
ﻣﻦ ﺳﺘﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﳌﻘﺒّﻌﺔ ﺗﻘﺺ ﺩﻫﺐ ﻗﺪ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﺍ ﺷﻐﻞ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﺪّﻙ ﺗْﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻋﺪﻭّﻙ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗﺘﺴـﻠﺢ
ﺗْﻘٔﺒﻘٔﺐ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻗﺒﻞ ﺳﺘﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺘﻠﻮ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺘﺮ.
ﺑﺘﻘﺒﻘﺒﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺘﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻘﺎﺏ ﺍﺗﻘـﺎﺀ ﺗَﻘﺎﻭﻳﺖ :ﳛﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻋُﺪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ
ﺗﻠﻮﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻣﺎﻱ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺎﻗﻴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﺤّـﻖ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺷﻐﻞ ،ﻫﻠّﻖ ﺑﻘﻲ ﺩﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﺑَﺲ. ﺗْﻘﺎﻳَﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻳﺲ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﻧﻌﻮﺫ ﺑـﺎﷲ ﻣﺎﳊﻔﻴـﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗﻘﺒﻘﺐ. ﺗْﻘﺎﻳٔﺾ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋـﻞ
ﺗْﻘٔﺒّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘَﺒّﻠﻪ :ﺭﺿﻲ ﺑـﻪ ،ﻗﺒﻠـﻪ ،ﺍﷲُ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻳﻀﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﺎﻭﺿﻪ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺃﻋﻄـﺎﻩ
ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀَ :ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﻪ. ﺳﻠﻌﺔ ﻭﺃﺧﺬ ﻋﻮﺿﻬﺎ ﺳﻠﻌﺔ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺒﱡﻞ. ﺗْﻘٔﺒّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺒّﺒﺖ ﺇﻳﺪﻭ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻـﺎﺭ
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻢ[ :ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻠـﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺽ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺭ.
ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻠّﻲ: ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻘﺒﻘﺐ.
– ﺗَﻘَﺒّﻞ ﺍﷲ )ﺑﻠﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ( ﺗْﻘٔﺒّﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔّﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻗﺒّﺤـﻪ ﺍﷲ
– ﻣﻨّﺎ ﻭﻣﻨﻜﻢ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺑﻴّﻦ ﻗﺒﺤﻪ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻗﺒﻴﺤﺎً.
ﺗْﻘٔﺒّﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒّﻠﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(: ﺗْﻘٔﺒّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒّﺶ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﻟﺜﻤﻪ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﺶ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻘٔﺒّٔﺾ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒّﻀﻪ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ:
ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﰲ ﻗﺒﻀﺘﻪ.
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ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ ﻳﺮﻋﻰ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻒ ،ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃﺧﺸﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺧﻄﺊ ﺗْﻘٔﺒّﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒّﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ
ﰲ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻜﻢ ﻓﺄﺳﺄﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳـﺄﻣﺮﱐ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﺯﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺒّﺎﻥ.
ﺃﻥ ﺃﺗَﻌَﻤّﻢ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﻃﻌﺖ ،ﻭﻳﺘﻬﻜﻢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﻠﻘـﺖ ﻭﺟﻬـﻲ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺎﻢ[ :ﻫَﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻭﻻﺩ :ﻣـﺎ ﺑﻴﻌﺮﻓـﻮّﺍ
ﻗﺎﺋﻼً :ﻛﻨّﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺗﻘﺤﻮﻃﺖ؟ ﻓﻼ ﺃﺭﺩّ ،ﰒ ﳌـﺎ ﻣـﺎﺕ ﺑﻜﺎﻡ ﺗﻘﺒّﻨۤﺖ.
ﻋﺮﺿﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻲّ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺗﻮﻟّﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺄﺑﻴﺖ. ﺗﻘْﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺴْﺨﻮﻧۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺜﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﰲ
ﺗْﻘٔﺪﱠﺩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻘﺪّﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺟﻒ ﻭﻳﺒﺲ. ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﻩ ﺇﺛﺮ ﺍﳊﻤﻰ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻗﺒّﻠﺘﻪ ﺍﳊُﻤّﻰ :ﻇﻬﺮﺕ
ﺗْﻘٔﺪّٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪّﺭ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ ﰲ ﺷﻔﺘﻴﻪ ﺑﺜﻮﺭﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺒﻴﻠـﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣﻜﻢ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻗﺪّﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺣﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ))ﺍﳊَﻸ(( :ﻣﺎ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺜﻮﺭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳌﺮﺽ.
ﺗْﻘٔﺪّٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻗـﺪّﺭﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺗْﻘٔﺘّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ] .ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﺘّﺮ ﺭﺯﻗﻮ،
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ. ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻗﺘّـﺮ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋﻴﺎﻟـﻪ
ﺗْﻘٔﺪّٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪﱠﺭ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﻴّﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺎﺳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻩ. ﺗْﻘٔﺘّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺘّﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺗَﻘﺎﺗﻠﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺘﻠـﻮﺍ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻣـﺎ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻗُﺘِﻞ.
ﰲ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻘﺪّﺭﻙ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﺇﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪّﺭﺕ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﻘﺪّﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﺗْﻘٔﺠّﺞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺠّﺞ.
ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻛﺘﲑ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﳝﻨﻊ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻗﺪّﺭُﻭﻩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﺗْﻘٔﺤﺒَﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔْﻌﻠﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺤﺒﻨﺔ.
ﻭﺗﻘﺪّﺭ ،ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ﴿ :ﻣﺎ ﻗﺪّﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﷲ ﺣﻖ ﻗﺪﺭﻩ﴾. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻘٔﺪﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺪّﺱ :ﺗَﻄﻬّﺮ ﻭﺗَﺒﺎﺭﻙ. ﺗﻘٔﺤّﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺤّﻂ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗْﺘَﻘﺪۤﺵ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻘٔﺪﱠﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺪّﻡ :ﺳﺎﺭ ،ﺧـﻼﻑ ﺗـﺄﺧﺮ، ﺗْﻘٔﺤﻮٔﻁ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺤﻮﻁ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡَ :ﺳﺒﻘﻬﻢ ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺃﻭﻋﺰ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﰊ ﺩﻳّﻨﺎً ﺯﺍﻫﺪﺍً ﻻﳛﺎﰊ،
ﻭﺃﻭﺻﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ. ﻭﻳﺘﻤﺴﻚ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ،ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻌـﺖ ﺍﺳـﺮﺗﻨﺎ
ﻭﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ)) :ﺃﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﺪﻳﱵ(( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻭﺷﻜﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﻟّﻲ ﻭﻗْﻔﻨﺎ ﱂ ﻳﻌﻂ ﺃﺣﺪﺍً ﻗﻠـﻴﻼً ﺃﻭ
))ﺃﺗﻘﺪّﻡ(( ﲟﻌﲎ ﺃﺳِﲑ. ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ،ﻭﺍﺭﺗﺄﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺰﻟﻮﻩ ﻭﻳﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﺃﰊ ،ﻭﻟﻠﻤﺘﻮﱄ ﻣـﻦ
ﺭﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﻗـﻒ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺔ ﻋﺸـﺮﻭﻥ ،ﻓـﺄﺑَﻰ – ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻓﻘﺮﻩ– ﻭﺃﺑَﻰ ،ﻗﻴـﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﺦ ﻋﻤـﺮ! ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺣـﻼﻝ
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗـﻒ ﺃﻱ ﺟـﺪّﻱ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻣﻦ ﺍﺷﺘـﺮﻁ ﻫـﺬﺍ
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ﺗْﻘٔﺮْﺣﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﺣﻂ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻮﺕ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﱡﻡ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺘَﻘْﺪِﻣۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘَﻘﺪِﻣَﺔ :ﺍﳍﺪﻳّﺔ.
ﺗْﻘٔﺮّٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺮّﺭ :ﺛﺒﺖ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﺍﻟﺘّﻘﺪﻣّۤﻴﺔ :ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﱡﻡ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣـﻦ
ﳌﻌﲎ ﺻﺪﺭ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻡ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﺮﻛﻲ. ﺷﻌﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻬﺪﻧﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ ـﺎ ﺗَﺒﻨّـﻲ
ﺗْﻘٔﺮّٔﺵ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﺮّﺵ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺐ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﺷﻌﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺣﺰﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺚ.
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮّﺵ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺐ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﻳﺸﺔ. ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻗﺪﱠﺭ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﺮﺵ ﻭﻗﺮﻳﺸﺔ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﺭ )ﺣﻴﺚ ﳝﻨﻊ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮ (.
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ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﱯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺐ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻗﺮّﺏ. ﺗْﻘٔﺮﻃٔﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻗـﺮﻃﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻗﺮّﺭ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﻄﻌﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ ﲢﻜﻢ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻟـﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻴـﺔ ﺗْﻘٔﺮّٔﻑ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻘﺮﻓﺖ ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ،ﺃﻱ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ،ﻭﲨﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺭﻳﺮ. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻑ ﺍﻷﻏﺼﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀًﺎ ﻣﻦ
]ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜـﺔ[ :ﺗﻘﺮﻳـﺮ ﺍﳌﻔـﺘﺶ ﻗﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮﺓ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺴﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﻓَﻬﺎ ﺃﻱ ﳊﺎﺀَﻫﺎ.
ﻭﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﳋﱪﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﱯ ،ﻛﺘﺐ ﲝﻘّﻮ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ. ﺗْﻘٔﺮﻗٔﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔْﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻗـﺮﻗﺶ
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﻀﺔ :ﺍﺻﻄﻠﺤﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺔ ﺑﺴـﻴﺎﺥ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﻚ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﻀﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻘٔﺮﻗٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻗـﺮﻗﻂ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲪﺎﺓ ﺣﻴـﺚ ﻫﻜـﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻗﻮﻃﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ،ﻷﻥ ﻫﱪﻫﺎ ﻳﻘﺮﺽ ﺑﺎﳉﺮﻥ ﻗﺮﺿﺎً ﻭﻻ ﻳﻔﺮﻡ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﺮﻗﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻗﻮﻃﺔ ﻭﺗﻘﺮﻁ ﻭﺗﻘﺮﻣﻂ.
ﺗْﻘٔﺰﱠﺯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺰﱠﺯ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﻋﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ. ﺗْﻘٔﺮّٔﻡ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎﻟﺮﻛﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﻮﺏ ﺗﻘﺮّﻣﺖْ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ
ﺗْﻘٔﺴّٔﻂ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺴّﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ﺑﻴﻨـﻬﻢ: ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺗﻜـﻮﻥ
ﺗﻘﺴّﻤﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺟُﻌِـﻞ ﺻﻠﺒﺔ.
ﺍﳌﺒﻠﻎ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻃﺎً. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻣﺔ.
ﺗْﻘٔﺴّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺴّﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﻗﺘﺴﻤﻮﻩ، ﺗْﻘٔﺮﻣَﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﺮﻣﺸﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺗﻘﺮﻣﺶ
ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻗﺴّﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ. ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻜﻮﻳﺖ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗـﺮﻣﺶ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗْﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﳊﻤﻞ ﺑﻨﺸﺎﻝ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻗﺴّﻢ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫـﺎ – ﻭﺃﺣـﺪ ﺗْﻘٔﺮﻣٔﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﺮﻣﻂ ﻋﻀﻢ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﻭﻑ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ
ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ،ﺭﻣﺰﻩ ÷ ،ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻣﻂ.
ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﻟﻌﺰﻑ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻧﻐﻤﺎً ﻣﺮﺳـﻼً ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻘﺮﻗﻂ ﻭﺗﻘﺮﻁ.
ﻛﻨﻐﻢ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻭﻳﻞ ،ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻗﻔﺎﺕ ﺗﻘﺴّﻤﻪ. ﺗْﻘٔﺮّٔﻥ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﺮّﻧـﺖ ﺍﳌﻮﺑﻴﻠﻴـﺎ ﻭﺗﻘﺮّﻧـﻮﺍ
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺳﻴﻢ. ﺍﳌﺨﺪّﺍﺕ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋﻤﻞ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﱐ ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﻳﺎ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ
ـﺎﻟﺒﺰﻕ
]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﺴـﻴﻢ ﻋـﺎﻟﻌﻮﺩ ﻭﻋـ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮّﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻋﺎﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻭﻋﺎﻟﻜﻤﻨﺠﺔ ﻭﻋﺎﳌﻨﺪﻭﻟﲔ ﻭﻋﺎﻟﻨﺎﻱ. ﺗْﻘٔﺮﻭٔﺽ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗـﺮﻭﺽ
ﻭﺗﻌﺘﺰ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﺎﰐ ﺑﺘﻘﺎﺳـﻴﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﺽ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(.
ﻭﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ،ﻟﻮﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺳﻄﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﲑ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻘﺮﺽ.
ﻭﻻ ﻳﺮﺩ. ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺐ.
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ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘَﻘﺼﱢﻲ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻗـﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً: ﺗْﻘٔﺸّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺸّﺮ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻗﺸّﺮﻩ :ﻛﺸﻂ
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﺎﻳﺔ. ﺟﻠﺪﻩ ،ﻧﺰﻉ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺸﺮﻩ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘَﺼﱢﻲ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﺸﺮ ﻭﺍﻧﻘﺸﺮ.
ﺗْﻘٔﺼّٔﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﺼّﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺒّـﻮﺩ ﻭﺗﻘﺼّـﺒﺖ ﺗْﻘٔﺸّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺸّﺶ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﻱ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺼّـﺐ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺧﻴﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺐ. ﺗْﻘٔﺸّٔﻂ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﺸّﻂ ﻓﻼﻥ ،ﻗﺸّﻄﻮﻩ ﻗﻄـﺎﻉ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﺼّﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺼﺐ. ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻴﺎۤﺑﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻓﻴّﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺟﺮّﺩﻭﻩ ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ:
ﺗْﻘٔﺼﱡﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻘﺼّﺪﻩ :ﻗﺼﺪﻩ. ﳎﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘﺸﻄﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ :ﺃﺻﺤﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻴـﻮﻡ ،ﺃﻭ
ﺗْﻘَﺼّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺼّـﺮ ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺸّﻂ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺑّﺔ :ﻧﺰﻉ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻗﺼﲑﺍً. ﺍﳉُﻞّ.
ﺗْﻘٔﺼﻘٔﺺ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺗْﻘٔﺸّﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻘﺸّﻊ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺍﳋﻴۤﺮ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻗﺼﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻗﺺّ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ. ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺸّﻊ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻯ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﺼﻘﺺ ﻭ ﻗﺺ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻘﺺ. ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ :ﺗﻘﺸﻊ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﺍﳋﲑ ﺃﻱ :ﺗﺮﺍﻩ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﲑ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻗﺼﱠﺮ ،ﻭﻳﻐﻠـﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗْﻘٔﺸّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﲑ ﺍﺎﺯﻱ. ﺗَﻘَﺸّﻒ :ﺿﺪّ ﺗﻨﻌّﻢ.
ﺗْﻘٔﻀّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻀﱠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻧﻘﻀﻰ، ﺗْﻘٔﺸّٔﻖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻘﺸّﻘﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺑّﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ
ﻓﲏ ،ﺍﻧﺼﺮﻡ. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺸّﻖ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻀﺎﻳﺔ. ﺗْﻘٔﺸْﻘٔﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﺸﻘﺸﺖ ﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﻦ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺑﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺴﺎﱐ ﺑﺘﻘﻀّـﻰ ﺷﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﺰﻳﻠﻮ ﻋﺎﻟﻌﻴﺪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﻣﻌﻮ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻛﻮﻳّﺲ. ﻗﺸﻘﺶ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﻀّﻰ ﻋﻤﺮﻧﺎ – ﳓﻨﻪ ﺃﺑﻨـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺸﻴﺸۤﺔ] :ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻉ[ ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﻜﻦ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺘﻪ
ﻫﺎﳉﻴﻞ – ﺑﻜﻞ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺋﺐ ﻭﺍﶈﻦ :ﺃﻭﻝ ﺣﺮﺏ ﻭﺗـﺎﱐ ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﲑﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺸﻴﺸـﺔ ﻳٔـﺎ،
ﺣﺮﺏ ﻭﺃﺯﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻧﻘﻼﺑـﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺃﻛﻠﻨـﺎ ﰲ ﻭﻳﻔﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺋﻪ ﺃﺎ ﺃﺭﺧﺺ ﳑﺎ ﺑﺎﻋﻪ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ
ﺍﳊﺮﺑﲔ ﺑﺰﺭ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺄﻏﻠﻰ ﲦـﻦ ،ﻭﳌّـﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﺑﺎﻟـﺔ ﻗﺸّﺶ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ))ﻗﺶﱠ(( ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(.
ﻋﺎﳉﺤﺶ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﲨﻠﺔ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮ ﺟﺜﺚ ﺍﳌﻴـﺘﲔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺟﻮﻋﻦ ،ﻭﺟﻨﺐ ﻫﺎﻷﻟﻮﻑ ﻛﻢ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺷﻌﻄﺖ ﺃﺳﻌﺎﺭ ﺗْﻘٔﺼّٔﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﺼّﻰ :ﺗَﺒﺎﻋﺪ ،ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔَ ﺃﻭ
ﺑﻀﺎﻋﱳ ﻭﻏﻨﻴﻮﺍ ﻭﻏﻨﻴﻮﺍ ،ﻭﻫﺎﻷﺷﻴﺎ ﺷﻔﺘﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺷﺎﻫﺪﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ :ﺑﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﻭﺃﻛﻠـﺖ ﺻﻤﻨﺔ ﺑﺰﺭ ﺍﳌﻜﻨــﺲ ﺑﺮﺑـﻊ ﻟﻴــﺮﺓ،
ﻭﺭﻋﻴـﺖ ﺍﳋﺒّـﺎۤﺯﺓ ،ﻭﻣﺮﺿﺖ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﰲ ﺩﻭﺍ ،ﻭﺃﺭﻭ
ﻟﻌﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﺘـﻲ ﻭﺃﺷﻮﻓـﺎ ﻋﻢ ﺗﺒﻜـﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺑﻨـﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ
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ﺗْﻘٔﻄّٔﻒ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺻٕﺮﻣﺎﻳﺘﻚ ﺟْﺪﻳـﺪﺓ ﺗْﻘﻄّـﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺃﺟﺎ ﺧﱪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮ ،ﻭﻫﻴﻚ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﻗﺮﺍﻳﺒﻴﲏ ،ﻭﻫﻠّـﻖ
ﺑﻠﺒﺴﺎ )ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﺒﺴﺎ( ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺇﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﲔ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻢ ﺍﻧﺼﺐّ ﻋﻠـﻲّ ،ﻭﻟـﻴﺶ؟
ﻗﻄﻒ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﻭﻏﲑُﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺎﻕ ﻣﺸﻴُﻪ ﻭﺃﺑﻄـﺄ، ﺷﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﺮﻳﺪﱐ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﻮﻥ ﺇﻧﺴﺎﱐ ﻭﻣﺒﺪﺋﻲ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ:
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻨﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ. ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭ ...ﺑﺪّﻙ
ﺍﻟﺘَﻘﻄﻮﻋﺔ] :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑﻌﺪْ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﺠﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺒّﺔ ﻳﺘﻮﺳّﻊ ﻭﻃﻨﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺟـﺎﺭﻙ؟ ﺃﻧﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ،ﺗﻌـﺎ
ﺍﻟﻨﻴّﺔ ﺑﺴﺎﻭﻭﱠﺍ ﺗﻘﻄﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﻘﻄﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻘﻄﻮﻋﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﻤﺔ ﻟﻨﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻭﻃﻨﻚ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ :ﺧﻴﺎﻝ ﻗﻮﻝ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﻊ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻟﻮ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻧﺘﻪ ﺭﺿﻴﺖ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺭﺿﻴﺖ ﻭﻫﻮﺓ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺻـﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻄﻴﻊ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻗﻄّﻊ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻴﻊ. ﺗْﻘٔﻀْﻮٔﻥ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺣﺎﺟﺘَﻚ ﺗﺘﻘﻀﻮﻥ ﻋﺎﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩ،
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘـﺎﻃﻴﻊ ﻭﭺّ ﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﺄﻣﺮ ﻭﺗﻨﻬﻰ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺑﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﺷّﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻲ. ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻮﻧﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗۤﻘَﻊ :ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ :ﻋﻢ ﺑٕﺘْﻘﻊ ﺑـﺎﻟﺘﻘَﻊ، ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘْﻘٕﻀْﻮٓﻥ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﻨﻔﺦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻕ. ﺗْﻘٔﻄّﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄّﺐ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻊ :ﻗﺮﻥ ﻳﻨﻔﺨﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻋﻴﺪ ﳍﻢ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻗَﻄَﺐ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﲨﻌـﻪ،
ﺗْﻘٔﻌّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻌّﺮ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ :ﺃﺧﺮﺟـﻪ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻟﻖَ :ﺃﺩﺧﻞ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﻋﺮﻭﺗﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺧـﺮﻯ ﰒ ﺛـﲎ
ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻌـﺮ ﻭﲨﻊ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻗﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻄّـﺐ ﳌﻌـﲎ
ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺎً ﻟﻠﻔﺼﺎﺣﺔ. ﺧﺎﻁ ﺍﳌﺨﺮﻭﻕ ،ﻭﺛﺒّﺖ ﺍﻟﺰﺭّ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ.
ﺗْﻘٔﻌْﻮٔﺭ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻌﻮﺭ ﺗْﻘٔﻄّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻄّﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﺀُ :ﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﻄﺮﺓ ﻗﻄـﺮﺓ،
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺗﻘﻄّﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﺰﺟﻪ
ﺑﺘﻘﻌﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﳒﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﺳﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻉ ﻭﻏـﲑﻥ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ ﰒ ﻏﻼﻩ ﻟﻴﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ.
ﺑﺎﳌﻘﻮﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ،ﺇﻻ ﺍﳉﺰﺭ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﻘﻌـﻮﺭﻭ ﺍﳋـﺮﺍﻁ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻄﱡﺮ.
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ،ﻭﰲ ﲪﺎﺓ ﺑﺒﻴﻌﻮﺍ ﺟﺰﺭ ﻣﻘﻌﻮﺭ ﺗْﻘٔ ّﻄٔﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄّﺶ.
ﻭﺧﺎﻟﺺ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻘٔﻔّٔﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻔّﺺ :ﺗَﺠﻤّﻊ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺳﻴّﺎﺭﰐ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻘﻄّﺶ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﳏﺪّﺑﺎً ﻛﺎﻟﻘﻔﺺ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[: )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺘﻘﻄﻊ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﰒ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﰒ ﻳﺘﻘﻄﻊ(.
ﻣﺴﻜﲔ ﺗْﻘﻔّﺼﺖ ﻋﻀﺎﻣﻮ. ﺗْﻘٔﻄّٔﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻄّﻊ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻗﻄّﻊ.
ﺗْﻘٔﻔﻘٔﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘَﻔْﻘَﻒ :ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﺩ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻘﻄّﻊ ﺑﺎﻷﻳـﺪﻳﻦ ﻟـﻴﺶ
ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤّﻰ. ﻟﻨﻘﻄﻌﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻨۤﺎﻥ .ﺷﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﺎﺑﻮ ﻭﺗﻘﻄّﻌﺖ ﺗﻴﺎﺑﻮ.
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ﺗٔﻘْﻼﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺗﻘـﻞ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻘـﻼﻥ ﺗْﻘٔﻔّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻔّﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏُ :ﺍﻧﻐﻠـﻖ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ:ﺗﻘﻼﻧﺔ. ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﰲ ﻗﻔﻠﻬﺎ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺗﻘﻼﻥ ﻭﺗﻘﻼﻥ ﻣﺮﺿﻮ. ﺍﻟﺘٕﻘْﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺜِﻘَﻞ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺛَﻘُﻞَ.
ﻟﻴﺶ ﻗﻠﺒﻚ ﺗﻘﻼﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ.
ﺗْﻘٔﻠّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻠّﺐ :ﲢﻮّﻝ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻣﺎﺷﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻘﻞ ﻭﺗٕﻘْـﻞ،
ﻓﺮﺍﺷﻪ :ﲢﻮّﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ،ﲢـﻮّﻝ ﻇﻬـﺮﺍً ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻞ ﺻﻨﻌﻪ.
ﻟﺒﻄﻦ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﻠﺒـﺖ ﺍﻟﺼـﺮﻣﺎﻱ ﻣـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻔﻼﻥ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻳﺮﲪٓﻮ ﺑﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻋﺎﻟﺴﻄﻮﺡ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻗﻠّﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗﺮﺍﺏ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻠﱡﺐ. ﺗٕﻘۤﻞ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺛَﻘﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺪّ ﺧﻒَ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﻠّﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﻘﺲ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻘﻞ ﻣﺮﺿﻮ ﻭﺗﻘﻠﺖ ﻣﺮﺿﺘﻮ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﻳﻮﻡ ۱٥ﺷﻌﺒﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺼـﲑ ﺗﻘﻞ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻠﺒﻮ )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻣﻌﺪﺗﻪ( ﻭﺗﻘﻠﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺘﻮ.
ﺗﺪﺧّﻞ ﻣﻜﻨﺴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻘﺎﻕ ﻻﺗﺮﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﺲ ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻕ ﺗٔﻘّٔﻞ :ﲢﺮﻳﻖ ﺛَﻘّﻠﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺻـﻴّﺮﻩ ﺛﻘـﻴﻼً،
ﺃﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﺲ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ،ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗﻘﻠﺒّـﺎ ﺗﻘﻠﻴـﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﲪّﻠﻪ ﺛﻘﻴﻼً.
ﻟﻠﺴﻄﻮﺡ ﺃﻭ ﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﳊﻮﺵ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﺍﻟـﱪﺩ ﺗﻘّﻠـﻲ ﺍﻻﻭﻻﺩ
]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺗﻘﻠّـﺐ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺎﺻـﺐ ﻳﺎﻣﺮﺍ! )ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺛﺎﺭ( ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑْﺘﻘﻠﻚ ﺩﻫﺐ.
ﻛﺘﲑﺓ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻳْﺘﻘّـﻞ ﻓﻴﻨـﺎ ﺃﺭﺽ ﻭﻻ
ﺗْﻘٔﻠّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ ﻳﻜﺮّﻩ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ )ﻳﺘﻮﳘﻮﻥ ﺃﻢ ﻳﺴﺠﻌﻮﻥ(.
ﻗﻠّﺪ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﺗﻘﻠّﺪﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ :ﻟﺒﺴﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻼﺩﺓ ،ﻓـﻼﻥ ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺧﻔّﻒ ﺑﺘﺪﺭٓﺝ ﺗﻘّﻞ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﺝ.
ﺳﻴﻔَﻪ :ﺃﻟﻘﻰ ﲪﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﰲ ﻋﻨﻘﻪ ،ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﺗـﻮﻻﻩ ﻭﺃﻟﺰﻣـﻪ ﺗْﻘٔﻠّﻰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠّﻰ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً
ﻧﻔﺴﻪ. ﻣﻦ ﻗﻼ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(
– ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﻠﻰّ ﻭﻗﻠﻰ –
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻠﱡﺪ. ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘَﻠّﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺾُ :ﲤﻠﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺮﺍﺷﻪ.
ﺗْﻘٔﻠّٔﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻠّﺺ ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻼﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻼﻳﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺍﻧﻀﻢّ ﻭﺍﻧﺰﻭﻯ ،ﲡﻤّﻊ ﺑﻌﻀُﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻔﻮﺭ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻔﻠّﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺼـﻴﺎﺩ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠّﺺ ﺿﺪّ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪّﺩ. ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻘﻠّﻰ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻠﱡﺺ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﱪﻳﺔ :ﻫَﺘْﻘٔﻠّۤﺺ.
ﺗْﻘٔﻠّﻊ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻠّﻊ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻗﻠّـﻊ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ:
ﺍﻧﺘﺰﻋﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟـﻮﺍﱄ ﻓﻼﻧـﺎً :ﻋﺰﻟـﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻃُﺮِﺩ.
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ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻘﻤّﺼﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ :ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻠﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺴﺪ ﺇﱃ ﺟﺴﺪ ﺗْﻘٔﻠﻘٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻠﻘﻞ :ﲢﺮّﻙ ﻭﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ.
ﺁﺧﺮ :ﳎﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺗَﻘﻤّﺺ :ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﻴﺺ. ﺗْﻘٔﻠّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻠّﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺭﺁﻩ ﻗﻠـﻴﻼً،
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻤﺺ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﳘﺔ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﺳﺦ. ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻋﺎً ﻟﺘﻘﻠّﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻗﻠﻴﻼً.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻤﱡﺺ. ﺗْﻘٔﻠّﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻗﻠّـﻢ
ﺗْﻘٔﻤّٔﻂ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻤّﻄـﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ :ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻟﻔّﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻤﺎﻁ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳـﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺷـﺪّ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻤﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺗﻘﻤّﻄﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﻗﻤّﻄﻮﱠﺍ ﺍﳌﻘﻤﻄﲔ ﻭﻋﻢ ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺃﺟﲑﻙ ﻃُﻮﻟۤﺖ ﺃﺿﺎﻓﲑﻭ ﻻﺯﻡ
ﺑﺴﺘﻨّﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻓﻠﺔ ﻟﺘﺸﻴﻼ ﻟﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩ. ﺗﺘﻘﻠﻢ.
ﺗْﻘٔﻤّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻤّﻌـﻪ ﺗٕﻘْﻠۤﺔ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺛﺎﺭ ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳌﻠﺒـﻮﺱ
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻗﻤﻌﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﳌِﻘﻤﻌـﺔ، ﻻﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﱪﺩ.
ﻭﺍﳌِﻘﻤﻌﺔ :ﻣﺎ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺸﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ. ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺗﻘﻼﺕ.
ﺗﻘٔﻤّﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ ﺗﻨﻘّﺸﺖ ﻭﺗﻘﻤّﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﺘٕﻘﻠِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺩﻭﻛﻠﻲ :ﺻﺒّﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ.
ﺭﻭﺱ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﺇﻳﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﻭﺇﺟﺮﻳﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﳊﻨّﺎۤ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘَﻘﺎﻟِﻲ.
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻤّﻌﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺑﻨﺎﻧَﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﳊﻨﺎﺀ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻤۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻤﺔ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ
ﺧﻀﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﺼﺎﺭﺕ ﳍﺎ ﻛﺎﻷﻗﻤﺎﻉ. ﻣﻦ ﻗَﻠّﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ.
ﺗْﻘٔﻤّﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﻤّﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮﻣﻴﺰ ﻣﻦ ﺷـﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻘﻠﻢ.
ﻳﺼﺒّﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗَﻤَﻊ ﺗْﻘﻤّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﻤّﺮ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ
ﺍﻟﻮﻃﺐَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﺿﻊ ﰲ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﻗﻤﻌﺎً ﻟﻴﺼﺐّ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﲨّﺮﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻭﺿﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﻤﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺗَﻘٔﻦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻘﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻮ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺗﻘـﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﳉﻴﻢ ﻗﺎﻓﺎً .ﺳﻬّﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻹﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﳉـﻴﻢ
ﻋﻤﻠﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺣﻜﻤﻪ. ﻛﺎﻓﺎً ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﲔ.
ﺗﻘٔﻨْٔﱪ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻨﱪ. ﺗْﻘٔﻤّﺰ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟَﻤَـﺰَ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻋﺪﺍ ﻭﺃﺳﺮﻉ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻗﻔـﺰ
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻘﻨﱪ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﺃﺻـﻞ ،ﺑَﻘَـﻰ ﺑَـﻼ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺟﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﻓﺎً.
ﻫﺎﻳﺪۤﻱ ﺳﻜﺘۤﺮ ﺑَﻼ ﻗﻠﺘﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﺎﺿﻴﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺣﺒﻴﱯ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻘﻤّﺰ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﺍﻝ.
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺍۤﺗْﺠَﻨْﺒَﺮ :ﺗﻜﺒّﺮ )ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﳉـﻴﻢ ﺗْﻘٔﻤّٔـﺺ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔـﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﻴـﻦ :ﻣـﻦ
ﻛَﺎﻓﺎً(.
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ﰲ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺲ ﻭﻳﻨﻮ؟ ﻻ ﲟﺸﺮﻕ ﻭﻻ ﲟﻐﺮﺏ ﺗْﻘٔﻨﺒﺰ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻘﻨﺒﺰ ﻋﺎﳌﺨﺪّﺍﺕ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻳﻘـﺺ
ﻭﺑﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﭽﻠﺢ ﺑﺘﻘﱰﻉ ﱄ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﻭﻳﺸﱪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗَﻌﻠّﻰ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺗْﻘٔﻨْﻄٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻨﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻄـﺮﺓ ﻗﻨﺒﺰ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺑُﲏ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻗﻨﻄـﺮﺓ – ﺗْﻘٔﻨّﺖ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻘﻨّﺖ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺮﻭﻓَﻚ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ
ﻭﲟﻌﲎ :ﻭﻗﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻄﺮﺓ ،ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫـﺎ ،ﺃﻭ ﲢﺮﻳـﻒ –ﺷﺎۤﻳﻔﻮ– ﻋﺎﻃﻞ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻨّﺖ
ﺗﻘﻄّﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺳﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻮّ ،ﻭﻗﻊ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻗﻨَﺖَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻣﺴـﻚ ﻋـﻦ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺔ ﺍﳊﻤﻮﻱ. ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﻧﻴﻬﻢ[: ﻭﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ :ﺗْﻘﻨّﻦ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺷﻔﺖ ﺍﳊﻠﻮﺓ ﺑﺒﺎﻧﻘﻮﺳﺎ ﺳﺤﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﺳــﺎ ﺗْﻘٔﻨْﺪٔﺭ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺭﻭ ﻗﻨﺪﺭﻭ ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﺘﻘﻨـﺪﺭ
ﻣﺎ ﻃﻠﺖ ﺍﻧﺎ ﻻﺑﻮﺳـﺎ ﺗﻘﻨﻄﺮﺕ ﺍﻧﺎ ﻭﺣﺼﺎﱐ ﻗﻮﺍﻡ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺃﻗﻨﻌﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻣﺪﺣﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠـﻞ
ﻭﻳﻠﻔﻈﻮﺎ ))ﺗﮕﻨﻄﺮ((. ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻨﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ))ﻗﺎﻧﺪﻳﺮﻣﻖ((
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ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺗْﻘﻮّﻡ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﺃﻭﻗِﻒ ﻣـﻦ ﳎﻠﺴـﻪ ﻟﻴﻐـﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘٔﻮﻯ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﳊﺬﺭ ﻭﺍﳌﺨﺎﻓﺔ ،ﻭﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ
ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ. ﰲ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲ.
ﺗْﻘﻮٓﻣﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻣﻊ. ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻯ ﰲ ﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ :ﺣﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﻋﻤﺎ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻳﺆﰒ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﱘ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻗﻮّﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻋﺪّﻟـﻪ، ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻯ :ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺗّﻘﻰ ،ﻭﺍﺻﻠﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘَﻘﻴـﺎ،
ﻭﺍﳌﺘﺎﻉَ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ ،ﻭﰲ ﳍﺠﺘﻬﻢ :ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ ﻗﻠﺒﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺮﻗﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ.
ﻗﻮّﻣﻪ :ﺃﻭﻗﻔﻪ ﻟﻴﻐﺎﺩﺭ ﳎﻠﺴﻪ. ]ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﻟﱪﺩﺳﻮ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺗﻘﻮﻯ ﻭﻫﺎﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ
ﺗﻘﻮﱘ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻣﻮﻟّﺪ ﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻃـﻮﻝ ﺁۤﻛﻠﺔ ﺃَﻣَﻚ ﻛﺘﲑ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺗﻘﻮﻯ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻋَﻤَﻠﻪُ ﻋﻤـﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﻭﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ. ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﻘﻲ ﺍﷲ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻭﱘ. ﺗْﻘٔﻮّٔﻯ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻮّﻯ :ﻛـﺎﻥ ﺫﺍ ﻗـﻮّﺓ،
ﺗﻘﻮﱘ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻣﻮﻟّﺪ ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺸﺪّﺩ.
ﺇﱃ ﻣﺪﺩ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺃﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﺘﻤﻊ. ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﺍﻳﺔ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺗﻘﺎﻭﱘ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ. ﺗْﻘٔﻮّٔﺕ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻮّﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺃﻛﻠـﻪ،
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﳝۤﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﳝﺔ ﻛـﻼّ، ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺍﺗّﺨﺬﻩ ﻗﻮﺗﺎً.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻗﻮﱢﻣَﺖ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺳﺮﺩﺕ ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ﳍﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻮﱡﺕ.
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ. ﺗْﻘٔﻮﱡﺱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮّﺱ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻘِﻲّ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻘـﻮﻯ ،ﻭﺃﺻـﻠﻪ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻲّ :ﺟﻌﻠﺖ ﻭﺍﻭﻩ ﺗﺎﺀ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺮ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ[ :ﺗﻘـﻮّﺱ ﻭﺭﺍﺡ،
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ :ﺍﻻﺗﻘﻴﺎﺀ. ﻭﺗﻘﻮّﺱ ﻭﺭﻭ ﻋﻦ ﻭﭼﻲ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻘﻲ ﻭﺃﺗﻘﻴﺎﺀ. ﺗْﻘٓﻮﺷَﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗَﻘﻲﱡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﻮﺭﻫﻢ ،ﻭﺭﲟﺎ ﲰـﻮﺍ ﻗﻮﺷﺶ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻗﺶ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺎﺷﻮﺷﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺇﻧﺎﺛﻬﻢ ))ﺗَﻘﻴّﺔ((. ﺗْﻘٔﻮّٔﻝ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻮّﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ :ﺍﺑﺘﺪﻋﻪ
ﺟْﻨﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻲ :ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺻﻐﲑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﻃﺊ ﻗﻮﻳﻖ ﻛﺬﺑﺎً.
ﴰﺎﱄّ ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﺁﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻲ ﻳﻠﻮﺫﻭﻥ ﰊ ﻗﺮﺍﺑﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻮﱡﻝ.
ﺗْﻘٔﻴّﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻴّﺄ – ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗـﻪ –: ﺗْﻘٓﻮﻟَﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻮﻓﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﺪﺍً. ﻗﻮﻟﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻘٔﻴّﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻴّﺢ ﺍﳉﺮﺡ :ﺻـﺎﺭ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺗْﻘٔﻮّٔﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻮّﻡ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ
ﺍﻟﻘَﻴﺢ. ﻗﻮّﻣﻪ :ﻋﺪّﻟﻪ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺘﺎﻉَ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻟـﻪ ﻗﻴﻤـﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣــﺔ،
ﺗْﻘٔﻴّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻴّﺪ :ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ ﻗﻴّﺪﻩ :ﺟﻌﻞ ﻭﻫـﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻘـﻮّﻡ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﻄـﺮﺣﻮ،
ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺪ ،ﺃﻋﺎﻗﻪ.
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ﺗَﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺗﺮ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﺗﻘﻴﱡﺪ )ﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﺪ(.
))ﺍﻟﭽﻔﺖ(( ﺃﻱ :ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻘﻴﱡﺪ.
ﻭﻳﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻻ ﺗﻮﺍﺧﺬﻭ ﺟﺪﺑﺔ ﻣـﺎ
ﺗﻜّۤﺖ ﻣﻌﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﺃﺣﺠﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﻘﻴّﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ.
ﻓﺮﺩﺍً ﺃﻱ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻭ ﲬﺴﺔ ﺃﻭ.... ﺗْﻘٔﻴّﺪ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺘﻘﻴّﺪ ﰲ ﺧﻄّﻮ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺍﻟﺘَﻚّ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﺻـﺎﺹ ﻳﺘﻤﻬّﻞ ﻟﲑﺍﻋﻲ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﳉﻤﻴـﻞ ﻛﺄﻧـﻪ ﻳﺘﻘﻴـﺪ
ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻴﺎﺭﺍً ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍً ﻣﻦ ﻧﺼﻠﺘﻬﺎ ،ﲰﻮﻫـﺎ ﺑﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ،ﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ،ﰒ ﻭﳑﻦ ﻳﺘﻘﻴﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﳋﻄﻴﺐ
ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻋﺖ ﺃﻭﺭﭘﺎ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻠﺘﲔ ﻓﺴﻤﻲ :ﺍﻟﭽﻔـﺖ ،ﰒ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻋﻲ.
ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻋﺖ ﺍﳉﺰﺭﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻐﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺖ ﺗﺪﻭﺭ ﺇﺛﺮ ﻛـﻞ ﻭﻗﺪﳝﺎً ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﱘ ﺍﳊﻠﱯ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ
ﻃﻠﻘﺔ ﻓﺘﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻐﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺼﻠﺔ ﻓﺴﻤﻲ :ﺍﳌﺴﺪﺱ. ﺣﻠﺐ ،ﻭﺧﻄﻪ ﻣﺎﺛﻞ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺯﻣﻨﻪ ﰲ ﳏﺮﺍﺏ
ﺗَﻚ :ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻠﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟـﺪﻭﻻﺑﲔ ))ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻳّﺔ((.
ﲡﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺍﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ،ﲰﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺍﺑﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻚ :ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩ ﻭﺿﺪّ ﺗﻘﻴّﺪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺷَﺒَﻂ.
ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ،ﻭﲰﻮﺍ ﺳﺎﺋﻘﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘﻜّﺎﻙ. ﺗْﻘٔﻴّﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻘﻴّﺶ ﺍﳌﻮﺱ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺗَﻚ :ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻴﻔﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺷُﺤﺬ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻴّﺶ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ
ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻉ ،ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ))ﺩﻡ(( :ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻈﺔ ﺗﺒﻌـﺪ ﻋـﻦ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ))ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻳﺶ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺣﻔﺎﻑ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻉ ﺧﻼﻑ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ،ﺃﻭ ﻗﻞ :ﺩﻡ ﻟﻠﻀﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻗﻴﺶ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻳﺶ.
ﺍﻟﺮﺧﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺗﻚ ﻟﻠﺼﺎﺩﺣﺔ ،ﻭﰲ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼـﻨﺞ ﺗﻜـﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘَﻘَْﻴﻔۤﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺑَﻼ ﺗَﻘﻴﻔﺔ ،ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻲ ﺑﻘـﺎ،
ﺍﻟﺘﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺞ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﺠﻠﺪ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻉ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻔﺔ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻗَﻴﻒ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻒ ﻓﺘﻘﺮﻉ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲎ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻒ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺮﻯ ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻑ.
ﻣﻘﺒﻮﺿﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻚ ﻭﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﻡ. ﺍﻟﺘْﻘﻴﻞ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﺍﻟﺼـﻔﺔ
ﻭﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺗﻜﻮﻙ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺎﺕ. ﺍﳌﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺛَﻘُﻞ.
ﺗَﻜﻰَ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﻰ ﺍﳉﺪﻱ ﻭﺩﲝﻮ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻋﻴﺎﺭﻭ ﺗﻘﻴﻞ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻛﻨﻴﺠـﺎﻥ.
ﺃَﺗْﻜﺄﻩ –ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ – :ﺃﻟﻘﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﺊ. ﻓﻼﻥ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻮ ﺗﻘﻴﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻜﻲ .ﻫﺎﻷﻛﻞ ﺗﻘﻴﻞ ﻋﻤﻌﺪﺗﻚ،
]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺷﻢّ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﺗﻜِـﻲ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﺩﺓ ﻭﺃﻛﺘﺮ ﺃﻛﻠﻨﺎ ﻫﻴﻚ.
)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﺷﺘﺮِ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ(. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﲟﻄﺮﺣﻮ ﺗﻘﻴﻞ.
ﺗْﻜﺎﺑﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﺑﺮ :ﺗﻜﺒّـﺮ ﻭﺗﻌﻈّـﻢ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﺴﺎً :ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣﺜﻼً ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﻭﲡﺒّﺮ. ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﺄﺎ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻗﻴّﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻏﲑﻩ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻒ :ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻔﺔ ،ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﳍﻢ ﻣﻦ
ﻗﻴّﻒ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻑ.
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ﺗْﻜﺎﺳﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﻜﺎۤﺳﺮﱐ ﰲ ﺳﻌﺮ ﺑﻀﺎﻋﱵ ﺗْﻜﺎﺗﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﺗﺒﻮﺍ :ﻛﺘﺐ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ
ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺳﻌﺎﺭﻱ ﳏﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﻣﺎﺑَﺘﻜﺎﺳﺮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻭﻣﺔ، ﺑﻌﺾ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎﺳﺮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺳﺎﻭﻣﻪ ﰲ ﺗْﻜﺎٔﺗﺮ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗَﻜﺎﺛﺮﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﻛﺜـﺮﻭﺍ،
ﳍﺠﺘﻬﻢ. ﺗﻐﺎﻟﺒﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ.
]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﺷﻜﺎ ﺃﺣـﺪ ﻣـﻦ ﺻـﺪﺍﻉ ]ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺪﺭﻭﻥ[ :ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺷﻜﺎ ﺃﺣـﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺼـﺪﺍﻉ
ﻓﻴﻀﻌﻮﻥ ﻛﻔﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﻳﻘﺮﺃﻭﻥ﴿ :ﺃﳍﺎﻛُﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻜـﺎﺛﺮ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻳﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻛﻲ ﻭﺗﻼ﴿ :ﺃﳍـﺎﻛﻢ
ﺣﱴ ﺯﺭﺗُﻢ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﺮ﴾ ﻳﻈﻨﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﺛﺮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﺳﺮ. ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﺛﺮ ﺣﱴ ﺯﺭﺗُﻢ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﺮ﴾ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﺛﺮ ﺇﻻ
ﺗْﻜﺎﺳﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﺳﻞ :ﻛﺴِﻞ ﻭﺗﻮﺍﻧَﻰ. ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺴّﺮ ،ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻜﺴﺮ ﺭﺃﺳـﻪ ﺣـﱴ
ﺗْﻜﺎﺷﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﺷـﻒ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ: ﳝﻮﺕ.
ﺍﻧﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻴﺐُ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ: ﺗْﻜﺎﺗَﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜـﺎﺗﻔﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤـﻞ:
ﺗَﻔﺎﲢﻮﺍ ﻭﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺳﺮّﻩ ﻟﻶﺧﺮ. ﺗَﻌﺎﻭﻧﻮﺍ ،ﺗﻨﺎﺻﺮﻭﺍ ،ﺳﺎﻋﺪ ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
ﺗْﻜﺎﻓﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﻓﺄ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ – ﻭﺗﺴـﻬﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﺛﺮﺓ :ﺍﺳﻢ ﺁﺧﺮ ﳊﺎﺭﺓ ))ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻚ(( ﻗﺮﺏ
ﳘﺰﺗﻪ – :ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻭﺍ ﻭﲤﺎﺛﻠﻮﺍ. ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺏ.
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﻓﺆ. ﺗْﻜﺎﺛَﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ:
ﺗْﻜﺎﻓﺎ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎﻓﺄﻩ ﺗَﻜﺎﺛﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﺗَﺮﺍﻛﺐ ،ﻏَﻠُﻂ ،ﺛَﺨُﻦ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﺎﺯﺍﻩ ،ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺳﻬﻠﻮﺍ ﳘﺰﺗﻪ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﺛُﻒ.
ﺗْﻜﺎﻓﺢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﻓﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺗﻀﺎﺭﺑﻮﺍ. ﺗْﻜﺎٔﺭﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋـﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺗْﻜﺎﻓﺢ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﺎﻓﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﻭﺗﻜـﺎﻓﺢ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﺘُﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻫﺪﻳﺖُ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ ﻟﻴﻜـﺎﻓﺌﲏ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺍﳌﺮﺽ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻛﻮﻓِﺢ ﻣـﻦ ﻛﺎﻓﺤـﻪ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﻛﺮﻣﺘُﻪ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻪ. ﺍﻟﺘﻜّﺎﺯ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺗﺸﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﺎ
ﺗْﻜﺎﻓﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﻓﻞ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ :ﻛﻔـﻞ ﺩﻭﻻﺏ ﺗﻜّﺎﺯ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎً
ﺑﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً. ﻟﻠﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ))ﺗﻚ ﺗﺎﺯ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﺩ
ﺍﻟﺘﻜّﺎﻙ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﺘﻚ. ﻳﺴﻌﻰ ﻭﻳﺴﺮﻉ ،ﺃﻱ ﻟﻠﻨﺠﺪﺓ.
ﺗْﻜﺎﻟﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﺗَﺠﺎﻫﺮﻭﺍ ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﺯ ﰲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﶈﺒﻮﺳـﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺠـﺮ
ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﺍﻭﺓ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺬﺍ :ﺗﻮﺍﺛﺒﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱُ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ: ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﳋﺎﻧﺔ ﻳﺆﺗﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻺﻣﺴـﺎﻙ ﲝﺠـﺮ
ﺍﺷﺘﺪّ ﺣﺮﺻﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻟﻜﻼﺏ. ﻟﻠﺨﺼﻢ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎـﻢ[ :ﻛﻨـﺖ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺒـﻲ ﺗْﻜﺎﺳﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻌﺎ ﻧﺘﻜﺎﺳﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒـﻴﺾ
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺑﻜﺴﺮ ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﺭﻓﻴﻘﻮ ﺑﻴﺎﺧﺪﺍ ،ﻭﺧﻠّـﻲ ﺍﻭﻻﺩﻧـﺎ
ﻳﺘﻜﺎﺳﺮﻭﺍ ﺑﺄﺻﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﺑﻜﺘﻮﺭﺍ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎﺳﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺴﺮ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﺴﺮ ﻭﻛﺎﺳﺮ.
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ﺗْﻜﺒّﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺒّﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﻗﺎﺳـﺎﻩ ،ﻋـﺎﻧَﻰ ))ﻋﺠّﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ(( ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟـﺮﲪﻦ
ﻣﺸَﻘّﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞَ :ﺭﻛﺐ ﻫﻮﻟﻪ ﻭﺻﻌﻮﺑﺘﻪ. ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺎﱄ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻋﺰ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴّﺔ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﳒﻴﺐ
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻌﺐ ﻗﻤﺎﺭ ﻳﺎﻣـﺎ ﺑﺘﻜﺒّـﺪ ﺳﺮﺍﺝ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﻣﻬﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺳﻠّﻢ ﺃﻥ ﲪﻞ
ﺧﺴﺎﻳﺮ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻦ ﻭﲡﺰﺋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺭﻗﺎﻉ ﻛﻞ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻫﻲ
ﺗْﻜﺒّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻜﺒّﺮ :ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﺍ ﻛِﱪﻳﺎﺀ. ﻭﻃﻦ ﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﻭﻭﺍﺟﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳـﺒﻄﺶ ﲟـﻦ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺒﱡﺮ. ﺣﻮﻟﻪ ﻟﻴﺴﻮﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻦ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺫﺍﻙ ،ﻗﻮﻟـﻮﺍ ﻟﻨـﺎ–
ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ :ﲡﺒّﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺑﺮﺑﻜﻢ– ﺃﻱ ﻓﺮﻕ ﺑﲔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﺃ ﻭﻣﺒـﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﻜـﻼﺏ
]ﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺒﱡﺮ ﻋﺎﳌﺘﻜﱪ ﺣَﺴَﻨﺔ. ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻠﲔ ﺑﻨﺒﺎﺣﻬﻢ :ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﻲ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻻ ﻧﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻜﻠـﺐ ﺃﻥ
ﺗْﻜﺒّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗْﻜﺒّﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﺸـﻐﻠﺔ ﻭﻫﻴّـﻪ ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻪ ،ﳕﺰّﻗﻪ ﻧﻨﺘّﻔﻪ.
ﺯﻏﲑﻩ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﱠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒّـﺮ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀَ ﻓﻨﻜﺸﲏ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺃﻥ ﺍﲰﻊ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻬـﻮﺩ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻛﺒﲑﺍً. ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﺪﺓ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ :ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺒـﺪﺃ ﺻـﺤﻴﺢ ﻭﻗـﻮﱘ
ﺗْﻜﺒّﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒّﺲ. ﻭﻋﻤﻴﻖ ،ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﳌﺎ ﺗﺪﻕّ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻟﻠﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻟﺐ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺘْﻜﺒّﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺘْْﻜﺒّﺲ. ﺗْﻜﺎﻟَﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡُ :ﻛﻠّـﻢ ﺑﻌﻀُـﻬﻢ
ﺗْﻜﺒْﺴَﻦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺷﻔﺖ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﻜﺒﺴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً.
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎﻟﺔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺴـﻨﺔ ﺗْﻜﺎﻣَﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺴﻮﻥ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺒﺴﻮﻥ – ﻛﺎﻣﺶ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﻟﻜﺒﺴﻮﻥ :ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﻫﺒـﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺗْﻜﺎﻣَﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻛـﺎﻥ
ﻳﻠﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺭ ﻟﻴﻠﺘﻬﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﺩ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺗﺒﺪﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑـﻮﺍﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ،ﰎّ.
ﺍﻟﻐﻀﺐ. ﺗْﻜﺎﻭٔﺵ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎﻭﺵ
ﺗْﻜﺒّﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﺒّﺶ ﺟﺎﺭﻧﺎ ﻷﻧﻮ ﺻـﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎﺵ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻓﺰﻉ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍً.
ﻣﻌﻮ ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺘﲔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻛﻜﺒﺶ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻢ ﻋﻈﻤـﺔً، ﺗْﻜﺎﻭٔﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﻭﻧﻮﺍ :ﲢﺎﺭﺑﻮﺍ.
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒّﺶ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺶ. ﺍﻟﺘﻜّﺎﻱ :ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜّﺎﻳﺔ :ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻜَﺄَﺓ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﺒّﺶ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺶ. ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻜﺄ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺍﳌﺨﺪّﺓ.
ﺗْﻜﺒﻜﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﺘﻜﺒﻜـﺐ ﺍﳌـﻲ ﺗْﻜﺎﻳَﺪ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻼﻥ :ﲤﺎﻛﺮﺍ،
ﻭﺑﺘﺮﻭ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﻜﺐ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺍﺣﺘﺎﻝ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ.
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻛﺐّ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻗﻠﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ، ﺗْﻜَﺒْﺘَﻞ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﺒﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ ،ﻭﺗﻜﺒﺘﻠﺖ
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻛﺐّ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻃﺮﺡ ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺀ. ﺍﻟﻜﺒّﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﻜﻮّﺭ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺒﻜﺐ. ﻛﺒﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳓﺘﻮﻫﺎ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺮﻯ – ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻐـﺰﻝ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ.
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ﻣﻦ ﺯﺟﻞ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ: ]ﻳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺠّـﻮﺭ[ :ﻃﺎﻓـﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﻳـﺔ
ﻋﺰﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺣﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺘﻜۤﺔ ﻭﺗﻜﺒﻜﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺠّﻮﺭ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻋﺠﺒﻞ ﺻﻨﲔ ﻣﺘّﻜﻲ ﺗﻜﺒﻜﺐ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﺒﻜﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺒّﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ:
ﺗْﻜَﺘّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻜﺘّﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﲡﻤـﻊ ﻛﺘﻠـﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﺖ ﻭﻛﻮﱢﺭﺕ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ. ﻛﺒﻜﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺒّﺔ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻜﺘﻠﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺗْﻜﺒّﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒّﻠـﻪ
ﻛﺘﻠﻜﻮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﻮﻟﻴﻚ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺣﺒﺴﻪ.
ﻛﺎﺗﻮﻟﻴﻜﻴﺎً. ﺗْﻜﺘّﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘّﺒـﻪ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﺘﻠﻚ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺗﻮﻟﻴﻚ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻛﺘَﺒَﻪ.
ﺗْﻜﺘّﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘّﻢ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗْﻜﺘّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺜّـﺮﻩ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻛَﺘَﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﰲ ﺇﺧﻔﺎﺋﻪ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺍً ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺛﺎﺀﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﺀ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﳎﻠﺔ ﺍﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ :ﺱ ۱۳ﺹ ۱٤٢ﻭ ۱٤٦ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ – ﻛﻌﺎﺩﺗـﻪ – ﺗﻜﺜّـﺮ:
ﺗﻜﺘﻢ. ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ ،ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻼﻡ :ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﲟﺎ ﻟﻐﲑﻩ :ﺗﻔـﺎﺧﺮ
ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺘﻴﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ :TACTIQUEﺍﻟﺘﺪﺑﲑ، ﺑﻪ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ :ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ.
ﻓﻦ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﳋﻄﻂ ﺍﳊﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻴﺶ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴّﻬﺎ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺌﺔ. ﺗْﻜﺘّﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺘﻊ
ﺗْﻜﺜّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﻦ ﺭﺟﻌﺖ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻌﻪ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻔّﻪ.
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺜُﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﱭُ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﻏﻠُـﻆ ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺗﻜﺮﺗﻊ.
ﻭﺛﺨُﻦ. ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﺘﻌﺖ )ﺃﻭ ﺗﻜﺮﺗﻌﺖ( ﺃﺻـﺎﺑﻴﻌﻲ
ﺗْﻜﺤّٔﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺤّﻞ :ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺤـﻞ ﻣﺎﻟﱪﺩ.
ﰲ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ. ﺗْﻜﺘّﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘّﻔـﻪ
ﺗْﻜﺪّﺏ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﮕﺪّﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻜﺬّﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺗْﮕـﺬﺏ: )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺷﺪ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟـﻮﺭﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘـﺎﻑ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺬّﺑﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺧﱪﻩ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﻋﻘﺪ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺛﺒﺘﻬﻤﺎ.
ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻜﺬﺏ. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ – ﻛﻌﺎﺩﺗﻪ – ﺗﻜﺘّـﻒ:
ﺗْﮕﺪّﺏ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻜﺪﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ. ﺿﻢّ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺻﺪﺭﻩ.
ﺗْﻜﺪّﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺪّﺭ ﺍﻟﺸـﻲﺀُ :ﲟﻌـﲎ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻜﺘّﻒ ﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺑﻮﻩ.
ﻛﺪِﺭ ،ﻧﻘﻴﺾ ﺻﻔﺎ ،ﺗَﻜﺪّﺭﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻴﺸﺔُ :ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻨﻐّﺼﺔ. ﺗَﻜﺘَﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻫﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﺘﻜﺘﻚ ﻭﻣﺮﺗﻮ ﻣﺘﻠﻮ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺪﱡﺭ. ﻣﺘﻜﺘﻜﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺒﺎﻟﻎ ﰲ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ،ﻣﻦ
]ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜـﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻗﻼﻣﻬـﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴـﺦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ.
ﺗَﻜﺘَﻚ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻋﻢ ﲟﺸﻲ ﻭﺑﺘﻜﺘﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻣﻬﻠﻮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﻟّﺪﺓ :ﺗﻜﺘﻚ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﺱُ :ﻣﺸـﻰ
ﻣﺘﻤﻬﻼً ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻳﻄﺄ ﺷﻮﻛﺎً ﺃﻭ ﻧﺎﺭﺍً.
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ﻛﺮﺷﻦ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺵ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ))ﻧﻪ((. ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺯﺟﻲ :ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ :ﺗَﻜﺪّﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺃﻱ:
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺵ ﻭ ))ﻧﻪ((. ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺀ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺪّ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺪّﺭﻩ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮُ ﻭﺃﺣـﺪﺙ
ﺗْﻜﺮﻓَﺖ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺮﻓﺖ. ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﺪﺭﺍً ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺎً ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ :ﻛﺪّﺭﻩ ﲟﻌـﲎ:
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻜﺮﻓﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻕ ﺗﻜﺮٓﻓﺖ. ﻋﻨّﻔﻪ ﻭﻗﺮّﻋﻪ ،ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺧﲑﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻷﺗـﺮﺍﻙ،
ﺗْﻜﺮﻓﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺮﻓﺲ :ﺍﻧﻀﻢّ ﻭﺩﺧﻞ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻏﺮﻳﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ – ﻭﺇﻥ ﺃﻣﻜﻦ
ﺑﻌﻀُﻪ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ. ﺭﺩّﻩ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ.
ﺗْﻜﺮﻛﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺮﻓﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺗْﻜﺪﱠﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺪّﺱ ﺍﳊﺼـﻴﺪ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ
ﻛﺮﻛﺐ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻛﺪّﺳﻪ :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﻛﺪﺍﺳﺎً ﺑﻌﻀُﻪ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﻌﺾ.
ﺗْﻜﺮﻛﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺗْﻜﺪﱠﻥ :ﺃﻭ ﺗْﮕﺪّﻥ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ
ﻛﺮﻛﺮ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻣﻦ ﻛﺪّﻥ ﺍﳊﺼﺎﻥ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻜَﺮﻟۤﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗﻜَﺮﻟَﻚ :ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻬﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻔﻼّﺡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗْﻤﺪﻥ ﻣﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭ
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺮﻟﻜﺎﺕ. ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗْﻜﺪّﻥ.
ﺗْﻜﺮّٔﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺮّﻡ :ﺗﻜﻠّـﻒ ﺍﻟﻜـﺮﻡ، ﺗْﻜﺬّﺏ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻜﺪﺏ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ ﻛَﺮُﻡ. ﺗْﮕﺬّﺏ :ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻜﺪﺏ.
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻴﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻜـﺮّﻡ ﺑﺘﺘﻌﺠّـﺐ ﺗْﻜﺮﺗﻊ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺮﺗﻊ
ﻣﻼﻳﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺘﻊ.
ﺗْﻜﺮّٔﻩ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺮّﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻛﺮﻫﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺍﻷﻛﺘﻊ ﻭﻛﺮﺗﻊ.
ﺗْﻜﺰﺑٔﺮ :ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻹﺑﻨﺎ :ﳌﺎ ﺑَﺸﻮﻑ ﻣﺮﺗَﻚ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻜﺮﺗﻌﺖ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻴﻌﻲ ﻣﺎﻟﱪﺩ.
ﺑﺘﻜﺰﺑﺮ ﺟﺴﺪﻱ ،ﺗﺮﻳﺪ :ﻳﻘﺸﻌّﺮ ﺑـﺪﺎ ﻓﻴﺒـﺪﻭ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺗْﻜﺮﺩﺱ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ :ﺗَﻜـﺮﺩﺱ :ﲡﻤّـﻊ
ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺰﺑﺮﺓ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻭﺗﻘﺒّﺾ.
ﻣﻦ ﻛﺰﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺰﺑﺮﺓ. ﺗْﻜﺮّٔﺭ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺮّﺭ ﺍﳊﺎﺩﺙ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﺰﺑﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺰﺑﺮﺓ. ﻛﺮّﺭﻩ :ﺃﻋﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﺭﺍً ﻛﺜﲑﺓ.
ﺗْﻜﺴّﺐ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺴّﺐ ﻣﺎﻻً ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻤﺎً: ﺗْﻜﺮّٔﺱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺮّﺱ.
ﻃﻠﺒﻪ ﻭﺭﲝﻪ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻜﺮﺳﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺮﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺮﺳﺢ ﺍﻟـﱵ
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻛَﺴِﺢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺗﻌﻄﻠـﺖ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻯ
ﺍﶈﺮﻛﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﺎﺳﺔ ﰲ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻭﺭﺟﻠﻴﻪ.
ﺗْﻜﺮﺷَﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ
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ﺗْﻜَﻌّٔﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻌّﺐ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺀَ ﺗْﻜﺴﺘَﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺴﺘﻜﻮ
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﻸﻩ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﻛﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﺐّ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺘﻚ.
ﺗْﻜﻌﺘﻞ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻌﺘﻞ. ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﺴﺘﻚ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺘﻚ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﺗْﻜَﺴّﺢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛَﺴِﺢ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ(:
ﺗْﻜﻌّٔﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻌّﻚ. ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺎﺡ ﰲ ﺭﺟﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﻛﻠﺘﻴﻬﻤﺎ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻣﺸـﻰ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﻦ ﻳﻜﺴﺢ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻱ :ﻳﻜﻨﺴﻬﺎ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﺗﻜﻌﻮﻙ. ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ :ﺗﻜﺮﺳﺢ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻜﻌﻤﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺗْﻜَﺴّٔﺮ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺴّﺮ :ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ ،ﻣﻄﺎﻭﻉ
ﻛﻌﻤﺶ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻛﺴّﺮﻩ.
ﺗْﻜﻌﻮﻙ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﺯﺍﻢ[ :ﺗﻜﺴّـﺮ ﺍﳌـﻮﺝ ﻋﺎﻟﺼـﺨﺮ
ﻛﻌﻮﻙ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﺗﻜﺴّﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ.
]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﻌﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﻭﻧﺎﻡ. ﺗْﻜَﺴّﺮ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﺧﺪﱐ ﺑﺮﺩ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻜﺴّـﺮ،
ﺗْﻜﻔّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻔّـﺮﻩ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻳﺘﻤﻄّﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺽ.
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻧﺴﺒﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺮ. ﺗْﻜَﺴّﻢ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺴّﻢ
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[:ﺣﻠﺐ ﺑﻠﺪ ﳏﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺴـﻤﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ.
ﺃﺑﺪﺍً ﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﻥ ﳚﻬﺮ ﺑﻐﲑ ﺗﻘﺎﻟﻴﺪﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻻ ﺃﻧﺴﻰ ﻧﻜﺒـﺔ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﺴّﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴﻢ.
ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺮﻭﺭﺩﻱ ﺇﺫ ﺟﻬﺮ ﺑﺸـﻄﺤﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﶈﻠﻘـﺔ ﺍﻟﺘَﻜﺴِﻲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ:TAXI – AUTO :
ﻓﺤﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺮ ﻭﻣﻀﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻴّﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣّﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ.
ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﻳﺼﺨﺒﻮﻥ ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺩﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻳﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺒـﻮﺭ، ﻭﲨﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺴﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﺳِﻲ.
ﻓﺄﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺣﺒﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻪ ﺃﻳﺎﻣﺎً ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗَﻜﺶ :ﺧﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ،ﺩﻓﻦ ﰲ
ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ،ﰒ ﺃﺭﺳﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻨﻘﻪ ﻭﺩﻓﻦ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝ ﺣﻠﺐ ﺱ ٥٧٣ﻫ.
ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍً ﻋﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﺮ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ. ﺗْﻜﺸّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺸّـﺮ
ﺗْﻜﻔّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻔّﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻜﺬﺍ :ﺿﻤﻨﻪ ﻟﻪ، ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻛَﺸَﺮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﺑﺪَﻯ ﺃﺳﻨﺎﻧﻪ.
ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً :ﺗﻜﻔّﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺿـﻤﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﺸّﺮ ﻭ ﻛﺸﺮ.
ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺷﻪ. ﺗْﻜَﺸّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﺸّﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻇﻬﺮ
ﺗْﻜﻔّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻔّﻦ :ﺗَﻐﻄّﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻔَﻦ. ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻮﺍﺭﻳﻪ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻜَﻼﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻗﻔﲔ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[: ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺍﻻﻭﻻﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﺘﻜﺸّـﻔﻮﺍ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺘَﻜَﻼﻥ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺘُﻜﻼﻥ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺍﻻﺳـﻢ ﻭﺃﻣّﻦ ﺑﺘﻐﻄﻴّﻦ ﺑﺘﺨﺎﻑ ﻟﻴﱪﺩﻭﺍ.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﺗّﻜﻞ. ﺗْﻜﺸﻜﺶ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﺸﻜﺶ ﺍﻟﻌﺠـﲔ،
ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺸﻜﺶ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
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ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻ ﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘّﻜﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘُﻜْﻠﺔ: ﺗْﻜَﻠّﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠّﺐ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺗّﻜﻞ. ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜَﻼّﺏ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﺍﳊﺪﻳـﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻮﻓـﺔ
ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺎﻧﻴﺔ :ﺗْﻜٓﻼٓ :ﺍﻻﺗّﻜـﺎﻝ ،ﻭﺗْﻜَـﻴْﻼٓ: ﻛﺎﳋُﻄﺎﻑ ﻳﻌﻠﻖ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ.
ﺍﳌﺆﺗَﻤﻦ :ﻭﺗْﻜِﻴﻠﻮﺗٓﺎ :ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ. ﺗْﻜَﻠﺒَﭻ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﻧﻜﻤﺶ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻣﻲ ﻭﺗﻜﻠﺒَﭻ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻴﻒ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﺗﻜﻠﻴﻒ ،ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ: ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﺒَﭻ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣـﻦ
ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻛﻠّﻔﻪ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﲟﺎ ﻳﺸﻖ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ،ﻭﻫـﻢ ))ﻛَﻠَﺒْﭽَﻪ(( ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺘﻜﻠﺒﭻ :ﻗﻴّﺪ.
ﳚﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺗﺮﺍﻙ ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﳌﻌـﲎ ﺍﻟﻘﻴـﺪ ﻭﻋـﺪﻡ ﺗْﻜﻠﺒَﻦ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ –
ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﻃﺔ. ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺒﻨﺔ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺻﺎﺭ ﻛﻠﺒﺎً.
ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻴﻒ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﻠﻴﻒ ﺑﻨﺎﻳـﺔ ﺫﻛـﻲ ﺗْﻜﻠّﺲ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻠّﺲ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳉﺴﺪ:
ﺍﳌﺪﺭّﺱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻏﺎﱄ :ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻛﻠّﻔﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ(: ﺻﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﻟﻜﻠﺲ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ]ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺃﻳﻀـﺎً :ﺗﻜﻠّﺴـﺖ
ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﲟﺎ ﻳﺸﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﻛﻠّﻒ ﲟﻌﲎ :ﺑﻠـﻎ ﺍﳊﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﲟﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺟَﻴّﺔ ﺍﳊﺠّـﻲ ،ﻳﺮﻳـﺪﻭﻥ :ﻃﻠﻴـﺖ
ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﻔﻘﺎﺗﻪ. ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺲ.
ﻭﳚﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻴﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ :ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻟﻴﻒ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻠّﺲ.
ﺗْﻜَﻤّٔﺦ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﻤـﺦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻳﺔ، ﺗْﻜَﻠّﻒ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻠّﻒ ﺍﻷﻣﺮَ :ﺗَﺠﺸّـﻤﻪ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻧُﻜِﺐ ،ﺿﺮﺏ ،ﲢﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﻜﻤّﻊ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ﻭﲢﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﻘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻼﻑ ﻋﺎﺩﺗﻪ.
ﺗْﻜﻤّٔﺮ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻤّﺮ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻠﱡﻒ.
ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺷﻘﺪ ﻛﺘﲑﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻜﻠﻔﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ
ﺗْﻜﻤّﺶ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻤّﺶ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮَﻡ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﺿٓﻦ ﻋﺎﶈﻚ ﺑﻄﻠﻌﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻛَﺒَﺶ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺭﺫﻝ ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﷲ.
ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﺀﻫﺎ ﻣﻴﻤﺎً. ﺗْﻜَﻠّﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻜﻠّﻞ :ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﻹﻛﻠﻴـﻞ،
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﻤّّﺶ ﻭ ﻛﻤﺶ. ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻮﺎ ﳌﻌﲎ :ﻟﺒﺲ ﺇﻛﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟـﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﰲ
]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻗـﺎﻥ ﺑـﺘﻜﻤّﺶ ﲝﺒـﺎۤﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺗﺰﻭّﺝ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻣٓـﻂ )ﺃﻭ ﺑﺘﻌﺸﺒﻖ.(.... ﺗْﻜﻠّﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻠﻢ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻜﻠﻤـﺔ:
ﺗْﻜﻤّﻊ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﻤّﻊ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﲢﺪﺙ.
ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺍﻫﺎ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺿُﺮِﺏ ،ﻧُﻜِﺐ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّـﻞ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻄﻪْ :ﺗﺘﻜﻠﻤﺶ ﻫﻴﻚ – ﺑﻌﺠﻞ،
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘﻤﻊ – ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ – ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻗﺎﻓﻬـﺎ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻻ ﺗﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﻫﻜﺬﺍ.
ﻛﺎﻓﺎً. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻠﱡﻢ.
ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺗﻜﻤّﺦ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ. ]ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ[ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻮ :ﻳﺎ ﺳﻼﻡ ! ﺳﻠّۤﻢ ،ﻗﺎﻝ
ﺗْﻜﻤﱠﻞ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻤّﻞ :ﺗَﻢّ ،ﺻﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً. ﻟﻮ :ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ.
ﺍﻟﺘَﻜْﻠۤﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺗَﻜﻠﺔ،
٣٨١
]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﻓﻼﻥ ﻋﺎۤﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻜَﻨَﺔ )ﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺗْﻜﻤّﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻋﺮﻭﺭ.
ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﮔﻠﺠﻲ ﺍﳌﺘﱪّﻡ ﰒ ﺃﻃﻠﻖ(. ﺍﻟﺘّﻜﻤِﻠۤﺔ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺍﻟﺘَﻜﻤِﻠَﺔ :ﻣﺼـﺪﺭ ﻛﻤّـﻞ
ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺎﱐ ﺍﳊﺸّﺎﺷﲔ :ﻳﺎ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻱ ! ﻳـﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﺃﺗّﻤﻪ ،ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً.
ﺑﻮ ﺗَﻜﻨﺔ. ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻤِﻠَﺔ ﻭﺗَﻜﻤِﻼﺕ.
ﺍﻟﺘﻜْﻨﻴﻚ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ TECHNIQUE :ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗْﻜَﻨّﻰ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻜﻨّﻰ ﺑﻜـﺬﺍ :ﺗَﺴـﻤّﻰ،
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﲏ ،ﺍﻟﺼَﻨﺎﻉ. ﻭﺗَﻜﻨّﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞُ :ﺫﻛﺮ ﻛﻨﻴﺘﻪ ﻟﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﺎ.
ﻭﻭﺿﻌﻮﺍ ﳍﺎ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎً ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ))ﺍﻟـﺘَﻘْﻦ(( ﻭﻗـﺎﻟﻮﺍ: ﻭﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ :ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﺎﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﺎﻳﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘَﻘْﻨِﻲ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘَﻘﻨﻴّﺔ. ]ﻣﻦ ﻜﻤﺎﻢ[ :ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻋﺎ ﺑﺘﺘﻜﲎ ﺑﺸﻌﺮ ﺑﻨـﺖ
ﺍﻟﺘَﻜّۤﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺍﺳﺘﻨّﺎﱐ ﺗَﻜّﺔ ،ﻭﻋﻢ ﲟﺸـﻲ ﺍﺧﺘﺎ.
ﺗَﻜّﺔ ﺗَﻜّﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺳﺘﲔ ﺗﻜّﺔ ،ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻚ ﺗـﻚ: ﺗْﻜﻨﺠﻒ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﻧﺒﺾ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ. ﻛﻨﺠﻒ .ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ.
ﺗْﻜﻬﺮﺏ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺗﻜﻨّٔﺮ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﻨّﺮ ﺍﳌﺼﺤﻒ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ:
ﻛﻬﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ. ﻭﺿﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻨّﲑ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ – ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨّﺮ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻬﺮُﺏ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻨّﲑ.
]ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﻢ[ :ﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺴﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﺗﻜﻬﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﲞﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﻨﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﲑ.
ﺍﻟﺸَﺮﺑﺘﭽﻲ ﺑﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻨۤﺎﻥ ،ﻛﻬﺮﺑﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰ ﻷﻧﻮ ﻗﺘﻠـﻮﺍ ﺗْﻜَﻨّﺲ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨّﺲ
ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻦ ،ﻭﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰ ﻫﻨّﻦ ﻫﻴّﺌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ ﻭﺣﺮّﺿـﻮﺍ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻛَﻨَﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ( :ﻛﺴـﺤﻪ
ﲢﺖ ﻟﺘﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻟﻴﺒﻄﺸﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﻣﻦ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍ ﺣﺎﻛﻤّﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﳌﻜﻨﺴﺔ.
ﻭﻛﻬﺮﺑﻮّﻥ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﺇﻳﺶ ﻫﺎﻟﻌﻤﻞ؟ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻥ ﻳﺼـﲑ ﺍﻟﺘَﻜﻨَۤﺔ :ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘَﻜَﻨَﺔ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻜﭽﻲ
ﻟﻦ ﳎﺎﻝ ﻳﺴﻴﻄﺮﻭﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﻭﺍﺡ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻮﻟﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﺘﻜﻨْﺘﻮ ،ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻜﭽﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻬـﻮﺓ،
ﻛﻬﺮﺑﻮّﻥ ﻓﻬﺒﺎﺀ ﻭﻫﺒﺎﺀ. ﻭﻫﻲ ﳎﺎﺯ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳉﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻔـﺮﻙ ﺑـﻪ
ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﺴَﻰ ﳌﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺃﻋﺪّﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻗـﺪﺍﻡ ﺧـﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺎﻙ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﳎﺎﺯ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ،ﲰﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺑﺘﺠﻲ ﻭﻋﺴﻜﺮ ﺍﳍﻨﺪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺧـﻴﻼ ﻭﺑﺈﻳـﺪﻳﻬﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳉﺮﻥ ﺎ ﻷﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳉﺮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﻋـﺎﺀ ﻛـﺎﻥ
ﻫﺎﻟﺮﻣﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﻭﻋﺮﺍﺳﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﻳـﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﻛﻴـﺔ ﺃﺧﺪﻭﺩﺍً ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻼً ﻛﺎﳌﻌﺠﻦ ﺍﳋﺸﱯ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ.
ﺍﳌﺪﻧّﺒﺔ ﻭﻋﻴﻮﻧﻦ ﻋﻢ ﺑﺘﻘﺪﺡ ﻧﺎﺭ. ﻭﺍﻟﺘَﻜَﻨﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻭﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻄﲔ ﰲ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﲔ
ﺗْﻜﻬّﻦ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗﻜﻬّﻦ :ﻗﻀﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﻴـﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
ﻭﲢﺪّﺙ ﺑﻪ. ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜَﻨﺔ ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﺃﻃﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﺍﶈـﺪّﺏ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻬﱡﻦ. ﻛﺴﻘﻒ ﻗﻬﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻘﺎﻝ ،ﲰﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻜَﻨﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ
ﺗْﻜﻮّٔﻯ :ﺑﻨـﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻮّﺍﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ،ﻭﲰﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ
ﺳﻘﻔﻪ ﺗﻜﻨﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻜﻨﺔ.
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ﺗْﻜﻮّﻑ] :ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ[ :ﺗﻜﻮﻑ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﻟﻔّﺖ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻛَﻮَﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ :ﻣﺴّﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺃﻭ ﲟﺎﺩﺓ
ﺷﻠّﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻋﻰ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺍﳊﺮﻳـﺮ ﺣﺎﻣﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻆ ،ﺃﻱ :ﺻُﻨّﻒ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮ ﺣﺴـﺐ ]ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ[ :ﺗﻜﻮّﻯ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﻜﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺑـﻮﺵ
ﺛﺨﺎﻧﺘﻪ ،ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛـﻮّﻑ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻧﻴﻄﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻤﻴﺺ ﻭ....
ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻓﻴّﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻜﻮّﻑ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻡُ: ]ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻢ[ :ﺍﳌﺮﻋﻮﺏ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻳﺘﻜﻮﱠﻯ.
ﲡﻤﻌﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺪﺍﺭﻭﺍ. ﺗْﻜﻮّٔﺕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
ﺍﻧﻈﺮ :ﻛﻮﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﻓﻴﺔ. ﻛﻮّﺕ ﻓﻼﻧﺎً :ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺑﺎً ﺇﱃ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ.
ﺗﻜٓﻮﻟﻚ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺗْﻜٓﻮﺭٔﺕ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋـﺔ ﻣـﻦ
))ﻛﻮﻟﻚ ﻟﻮ(( ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻛﻮﻟٔـﻪ )ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺔ( ﻛﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜٕﺮّﺍﰐ ﺍﶈـﺮﻑ ﻋـﻦ
ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ :ﺗﺰﻟﻒ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺗﺰﻟـﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻴـﺪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻜُﺮّﺍﺙ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ :ﺑﻘـﻞ ﺧﺒﻴـﺚ
ﺳﺎﺩﻢ. ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ ،ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﻡ ،ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ :ﻛُﺮّﺍﺛﺔ ،ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ
ﺗْﻜﻮّٔﻡ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛَـﻮّﻡ ﺑﺘﻜﻮﺭﺕ :ﺃﻛﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﻞ ﺧﺒﻴﺚ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ،ﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﺒﻐﻴﺾ.
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀَ )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﲨﻌﻪ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻛُﻮَﻣﺎً ،ﺍﳌﺘﺎﻉَ :ﺃﻟﻘـﻰ ﺗﻜﻮّٔﺯ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛـﻮّﺯ
ﺑﻌﻀَﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ،ﻭﺛﻴﺎﺑَﻪ ﰲ ﺛﻮﺏ :ﲨﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ. )ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ( :ﻣﻜﻮّﺯ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ :ﻃﻮﻳﻠﻪ.
ﺗْﻜﻮّٔﻥ :ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ :ﺗَﻜﻮّﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀُ :ﻣﻄـﺎﻭﻉ ﺗْﻜﻮّٔﺱ :ﺑﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗْﻔﻌّﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻄﺎﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻮّﺱ
ﻛَﻮّﻧﻪ :ﺃﺣﺪﺛﻪ ﻭﺃﻭﺟﺪﻩ ،ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻟﻪ ﻛﻴﺎﻥ. ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً