MQ SP B 4900

Power and Water Utility Co.
for Jubail and Yanbu (MARAFIQ) Master Specification MQ-SP-B-4900

Project Name: Date: 04 Apr 2011
Contract Number: Page 1 of 17
Revision 1
PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS
This specification has been revised as indicated below and described in the revision record on the following
page. Please destroy all previous revisions.
Revision Date Originator's Reviewed/Checked By Pages

No. Name & Initials Name & Initials
A 2/28/2011 R. C. Merrick 4
0 3/21/2011 R. C. Merrick C. Dwyer 18
1 4/4/2011 R. C. Merrick C. Dwyer 17
APPROVALS SIGNATURES DATE
Lead Engineer:
Engineering Manager:
Client Approval:
ISSUED FOR : Construction X Other APPROVED

Power and Water Utility Co. for Jubail and Yanbu (MARAFIQ) Master Specification MQ-SP-B-4900
Revision 1
Record of Revisions
Revision Date Description

No.
A 2/28/2011 ISSUED FOR APPROVAL – TABLE OF CONTENTS ONLY
0 3/21/2011 ISSUED FOR APPROVAL – ENTIRE DOCUMENT
1 4/4/2011 ISSUED APPROVED

Revision 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 GENERAL........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4
2.0 UNIT AND EQUIPMENT HAZARDS ......................................................................................................................................................... 7
3.0 FIREWATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM........................................................................................................................ 8
4.0 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................................ 13
5.0 TESTING AND MAINTENANCE.............................................................................................................................................................. 17

Revision 1
1.0 GENERAL
1.1 Scope
Fire protection is generally accomplished by the incorporation of active and passive

systems into plant designs to control fire risk, potential and severity, and to ensure
adequate resources are available to support fire suppression operations when necessary.
Plant designs should address fire-related hazards defined by:
 Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA)

 Hazard and Operability Studies (HAZOP)
 Fire Hazard Identification and Analysis
This document covers fire protection facilities located with the limits of dedicated
facilities operated or controlled by Marafiq, not open to the general public.
1.2 Design Basis
The fire protection design basis typically applies a “single risk area” concept, where the
facility is divided into separate fire areas (fire zones) either by spatial separation or
physical barriers. The design basis assumes that the design fire should not propagate
between fire zones. Fire zones are characterized by the following:
 Capability for complete isolation of equipment and piping systems containing

hydrocarbons, typically accomplished with battery-limit isolation valves
(exception: flare headers)
 Physical separation at ground level, ensuring containment of any potential

flammable or combustible liquids or liquefied gas spill
The capacity of the firewater supply, pumping, and distribution system should be based
on meeting the largest demand defined by the single “worst-case” fire zone.
Plant design and associated fire protection systems should comply with this guideline and
the latest edition of referenced publications identified herein.
Where criteria in this specification are affected by Kingdom of Saudi Arabia legislation,
regulation, standards and codes, this specification shall be modified as necessary to
ensure compliance.
Revision 1
1.3 References
The publications listed below form part of this specification. Each publication shall be
the latest revision and addendum in effect on the date this specification is issued for
construction, unless noted otherwise. Except as modified by the requirements specified
herein, Work included in this specification shall conform to the applicable provisions of
these publications.
API (American Petroleum Institute)
API 2001 Fire Protection in Refineries
API 2004 Inspection for Fire Protection
API 2021 Guide for Fighting Fires in and Around Petroleum Storage
API 2030 Guidelines for Application of Water Spray Systems for Fire
Protection Systems in the Petroleum Industry
API 2218 Fireproofing Practices in Petroleum and Petrochemical

Process Plants
API 2510 Design & Construction of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

Installations
API 2510A Fire Protection Considerations for the Design and Operation
of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Storage Facilities
NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)
NFPA 1 Fire Code
NFPA 11 Foam Systems
NFPA 13 Installation of Sprinkler Systems
NFPA 14 Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems
NFPA 15 Water Spray Fixed Systems
NFPA 16 Installation of Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray

Systems
NFPA 20 Installation of Centrifugal Fire Pumps

Revision 1
NFPA 22 Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection
NFPA 24 Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their

Appurtenances
NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code
NFPA 72 Installation, Maintenance, and Use of Protective Signaling
NFPA 750 Water Mist Fire Protection Systems
NFPA 850 Recommended Practice for Fire Protection for Electric

Generating Plants
Work in this specification shall be coordinated with Marafiq Engineering Specifications:
MQ-SP-P-5001 Process and Utility Piping Design, Layout, and Drawing
MQ-SP-P-5002: Piping-Material Specification Line Classes – Process and

Utility Piping
1.4 Definitions
All technical definitions herein are to be interpreted as defined by applicable National

Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards. The following terms are included for
quick reference:
Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) – The organization, office, or individual

responsible for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure.
 Where public safety is primary, AHJ may be Royal Commission or other regional
department (such as fire chief, fire marshal, fire prevention bureau, building official,
or others having statutory authority).
 The AHJ may also include insurance representative, property owner or designated
agent, and commanding officer at government installations.
Flammable Liquids – A liquid having a flash point below 38 degrees C and having a
vapor pressure not exceeding 2.75 bar at 38 degrees C. Class I liquids include those
having flash points below 38 degrees C and are subdivided as follows:
 Class I-A liquids include those having a flash point below 23 degrees C and having
a boiling point below 38 degrees C.
Revision 1
 Class I-B liquids include those having a flash point below 23 degrees C and having
a boiling point at or above 38 degrees C.
 Class I-C liquids include those having a flash point at or above 23 degrees C and
below 38 degrees C.
Combustible Liquids – A liquid having a flash point at or above 38 degrees C.

Combustible liquids are subdivided as follows:
 Class II liquids are those having flash points at or above 38 degrees C and below 60
degrees C.
 Class III-A liquids are those having flash points at or above 60 degrees C and below
93 degrees C.
 Class III-B liquids are those having flash points at or above 93 degrees C.
Flash Point – The minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off vapors in sufficient
concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the liquid within
the vessel as specified by appropriate test procedures.
Auto-Ignition Temperature – The minimum temperature required to initiate or cause

self-sustained combustion of a solid, liquid or gas.
Design Fire – Quantification of a fire scenario, either by consequence or fire

characteristics.
Performance-Based Design – An engineering approach to fire protection design based

on the following:
 Established fire safety goals and objectives

 Deterministic and probabilistic analysis of fire scenarios
Quantitative assessment of design alternatives against the fire safety goals and objectives
using accepted engineering tools, methodologies, and performance criteria
2.0 UNIT AND EQUIPMENT HAZARDS
2.1 General
Facility design features which enhance safety and fire protection levels should be utilized
wherever practicable, subject to sound technical, business and operating practices, client
standards, and project-specific requirements.
Revision 1
This section is intended to provide “good practice” references for consideration during
the facility design phase to reduce fire and loss potential. Where recommended good
practices cannot be employed, the specific conditions should be evaluated with respect to
hazard potential and addressed to ensure hazards are appropriately mitigated.
3.0 FIREWATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
3.1 Firewater Supply
Where practical, firewater sources with an unlimited capacity should be utilized.
 Where water supply capacity or rate is limited, a tank or reservoir should be

utilized.
 Alternate water supply sources are preferred. Alternative sources include large
capacity pumper connections to process water mains, connections to other industrial
fire mains, access to municipal water supply systems, or similar sources.
Firewater supplies should be sufficient to serve the design basis firewater demand for a
minimum period of 4 hours, independent of process requirements. Duration of supply
should be increased appropriately where conditions indicate responsiveness and/or
firefighting capabilities are not considered optimum.
3.2 Firewater Storage Tanks
Firewater storage tanks should be designed in accordance with the requirements of

NFPA 22.
The storage tank should be located as close to the fire pumps as is practical.
Storage tanks may serve both firewater and process requirements, provided process
connections to the tanks are located above (do not impact) dedicated firewater supplies.
Storage tanks should be fixed-roof-type.
Firewater storage tanks should be provided with an automatic filling system to ensure
they are maintained full (utilizing low-level and high-level alarms).
 Where the capacity of firewater supply includes the refill rate, supply to storage
tank should be capable of refilling the tank within 8 hours.
 Where the capacity of firewater supply does not include the refill rate, supply to
storage tank should be capable of refilling the tank within 24 hours.
Revision 1
3.3 Firewater Pumping Systems
Firewater pump assemblies should be UL-listed and/or FM-approved for fire protection
service. Firewater pumping systems should be designed to supply the design basis
firewater demand (flow rate and pressure).
Pumping systems should consist of at least one diesel engine driven pump. Where
redundant (backup) pumping capacity is provided, the backup pump may be driven by
either diesel engine or electric motor.
For larger system capacities, designs may consider the use of (3) 50-percent capacity
pumps to permit a “two out of three” pumping configuration that allows for one pump out
of service. For these cases, the 2 primary pumps should be diesel engine driven.
A jockey pump should be provided to maintain system pressurization, in order to limit

operation of the main fire pumps to emergency service only. Jockey pump systems
should be designed in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 20.
Firewater pumps should be located within buildings, enclosures, or otherwise protected

from the environment.
Pumps should be provided with a dedicated controller, permitting local control and
remote operation (such as Control Room). Pump shutdown should be permitted only
from the local pump controller.
3.4 Firewater Distribution System
A. General
Firewater distribution systems should include piping, fittings, sectional valves, and
hydrants.
Underground firewater piping should be designed, installed, and tested in accordance

with the requirements of NFPA 24.
In freezing climates, systems should include provisions to protect all exposed piping.
Where project conditions permit (moderate climates), distribution system piping in

storage tank areas may be routed aboveground.
B. Design
Materials
Revision 1
Piping materials should comply with the referenced publications and specifications
identified in this guideline.
Where High Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) materials are used, design should consider
the reduced internal diameters associated with these materials.
 Transitions to aboveground should be ductile iron (wrapped or galvanized steel

piping materials should not be used).
 Material transition connections should be flanged.
 Unless project requirements or conditions require otherwise (such as high water

table), thrust blocks should not be provided for fused-joint HDPE piping.
Configuration
Distribution systems should consist of loops or grids capable of supplying any point from
at least 2 directions.
Isolation valves should be provided to limit pipe sections to either a maximum of 900 m
(3,000 feet) or 6 branch connections serving hydrants, monitors, hose reels, or sprinkler
systems.
Looped systems should have a maximum of 300 m (1,000 feet) between crossovers.
Isolation Valves
Post indicator valve (PIV) assemblies should be provided to permit visual observation of
the valve position.
Where use of a PIV is restricted by its location (street or equipment access), “road boxes”
and appropriate tool should be provided for operation of the valve (such as “T” wrench).
Valves should be locked open unless electrically supervised (tamper switch) in

accordance with NFPA 24 and 72.
Guard posts (bollards) should be provided to protect post indicators from damage by
vehicles.
Sizing
Distribution systems should be sized to provide the required firewater demand (flow rate
and pressure) to the protected areas.
Revision 1
System pressure requirements should be defined by the design basis fire, or minimum
700 kPag (100 psig) at the most remote hydrant (whichever is greater).
System design should address increased pressure requirements for special conditions:
 Elevated monitors
 Water spray systems provided for elevated equipment
 Water spray systems provided for structures (such as coker units)
Line sizing basis should incorporate velocity limits defined by the manufacturer’s
specification or the following, whichever is more restrictive:
 Ductile iron: 5 m/s (16 feet per second)

 HDPE: 3 m/s (10 feet per second)
Installation
Installation should be in accordance with NFPA 24 and should incorporate requirements

associated with local conditions.
The depth of cover should be at least 150 mm greater than the maximum depth of frost
penetration.
Where frost is not a factor:
 The depth of cover over the fire mains should be 0.75 m (2’-6”) minimum to
prevent mechanical damage.
 Piping routed under roadways should be provided with a minimum cover of 0.9 m
(3’-0”).
 Piping routed under railroad tracks should be provided with a minimum cover of 1.2
m (4’-0”).
C. Hydrants
Hydrants should be provided and installed in accordance with NFPA 24, local codes, and
project requirements.
Hydrant selection should be appropriate for the plant design conditions.
 Hydrants in moderate climates may be “wet barrel.”

Revision 1
 Hydrants in freezing climates should be “dry barrel” self-draining type, (provisions

for drainage should include an area 0.6 m (2’-0”) square by 0.6 m (2'-0") deep,
filled with gravel, surrounding the drain port of each hydrant).
 Where soil is not suitable for self-draining, a hydrant drain should be connected to
the nearest clean water sewer or drainage ditch (drain may be connected to the oily
water sewer if a suitable trap or seal is provided).
Supply piping from the firewater distribution system should be not less than nominal DN
150 (6 inch) based on internal diameter.
Hydrants should be located to ensure at least 1 hose stream from 2 adjacent hydrants can
be simultaneously applied to all grade-mounted equipment, based on a maximum range
of 75 m (250 feet) from each hydrant.
 Hydrant spacing should not exceed 45 m (150 feet) in process and utility areas.
 Hydrant spacing should not exceed 90 m (300 feet) around storage and offsite areas.
Hydrants along roadways should be located between 1 and 2 m from the edge of the road
shoulder or curb.
 Where a shoulder or curb is not provided, the hydrants should be located between
1.5 and 2 m from the edge of the road.
 Guard posts (bollards) should be provided for roadways and maintenance access
roads as necessary to protect hydrants from vehicles and mobile equipment.
Where hydrants are not accessible to mobile firefighting equipment, provisions for
equipment storage enclosures (hose houses) should be considered to ensure availability of
basic manual firefighting equipment for use by responding personnel.
D. High-Flow Manifolds
High-flow manifolds with large capacity connections should be considered for hazard
areas requiring significant firewater supplies for use by fire pumper vehicles.
Manifold locations should suit specific project conditions and be provided with
connection types and sizes suitable for use with facility pumping vehicles and equipment.
Revision 1
4.0 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT
4.1 General
Provisions for fire protection systems and equipment in new and existing facilities should
be based on a hazard evaluation with consideration of available firefighting resources,
including the following:
 Plant layout and potential exposures

 Hazard potential (such as capacity, location, and operating conditions of equipment)
 Emergency response forces, capabilities, and response time
 Existing capabilities of fixed and mobile fire protection equipment
Material and equipment utilized for fire protection systems should be UL-listed and/or
FM-approved, and should be acceptable to the Royal Commission. Materials and
equipment should be installed in accordance with the following standards, as applicable:
 NFPA
 American National Standard Institute (ANSI)
 American Petroleum Institute (API)
 National Electric Code (NEC)
 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
Configuration of fixed systems should be determined on a project-specific basis with

consideration of the requirements of the facility, Marafiq, and the Royal Commission.
The following should be considered as a minimum:
 Functional purpose (exposure protection, isolation, suppression)

 Operation methods (manual vs. automatic)
 Activation methods (electric, pneumatic)
 Controls (local, remote)
 Fire-detection methods (smoke, heat, flame detection)
 Supervision (alarm and trouble signals)
 Interfaces with plant control systems (equipment shutdown)
Sizing of piping serving aboveground protection systems should be based on hydraulic

calculations performed in accordance with appropriate NFPA standards.
 Piping friction loss coefficient (“C-factor”) should be appropriate for the materials
used.
Revision 1
 Velocity for aboveground steel piping should not exceed 10 m/s (32 feet per
second) except for short runs or riser pieces used for hydraulically balancing system
pressure.
4.2 Fixed Firefighting Equipment
Where required by the hazard evaluation, fixed firefighting equipment and systems
should be provided to mitigate specific hazards or hazard areas, in order to minimize and
reduce the impact of fire to personnel, structures, and equipment exposures.
A. Fixed Monitor Nozzles
Manually operated monitors should be provided at strategic locations in and around the
hazardous area for emergency use by firefighting personnel.
 Monitors should be located to permit manual firefighting and exposure protection

for process equipment, pipe ways, structures, and vessels.
 Where monitors are provided for the protection of specific equipment in hazardous
service, protection should be provided by 2 monitors located remotely from each
other.
 Monitors should be at least 15 m (50 feet) from the equipment protected, located to
permit operator access during emergency conditions.
 Monitors should be lever-operated type having full 360 degree rotation and should
include locking mechanism for both horizontal and vertical adjustments to permit
fixed positioning.
 Prevailing wind direction should be considered for nozzle locations.
Monitor nozzle rating (flow rate) should be determined according to project

requirements, based on hazard conditions and available firewater supply.
Elevated monitor assemblies should be considered where conditions limit the

effectiveness of grade-level monitors (such as congested areas and obstructions).
Remotely operated (electrically driven) monitor assemblies may be considered according

to project needs.
Guard posts (bollards) should be provided for monitors located adjacent to roadways and
maintenance access areas, as necessary to protect monitors from vehicles and mobile
equipment.
Revision 1
B. Hose Stations
Fixed hose stations should be provided within critical process areas for emergency use,
installed in accordance with NFPA 14.
Hose stations should consist of a hose reel assembly with 30 m (100 feet) of 38-mm (1-
1/2 inch) noncollapsible rubber hose, capable of operation with hose on the reel.
Nozzles should be adjustable type (fog to straight stream) with integral ball shutoff.
An isolation valve should be provided upstream of the hose reel.
Hose reel systems should be supervised (water flow alarm signal).
Hose connections shall conform with local jurisdiction/code requirements and shall be
provided with compatible equipment connections.
4.3 Fixed Firefighting Systems
A. Water Spray Systems
Where fixed monitor nozzles or fireproofing provisions are not sufficient or appropriate
for a hazard condition, water spray systems should be considered.
Where required, fixed water spray systems should be provided in accordance with the
following as a minimum:
 NFPA 13, 15
 API 2001
 API 2030
Design of fixed water spray systems should be appropriate for the application, with
respect to system configuration, protection of equipment, and associated hazard and
firewater supply (quality and capacity).
Automatic and manual water spray system should be considered for the following
applications, subject to client requirements or other project criteria:
 Pumps and exchangers handling flammable or combustible liquids above either

their auto-ignition temperature or 150 degrees C (300 degrees F)
 Pumps handling C4 and lighter products

Revision 1
 Compressors handling C4 and lighter products (without enclosure and not otherwise
protected by fixed water monitors)
 Vessels storing flammable gas or processing flammable liquids at or above their

auto-ignition temperature
 Vessels, columns, and exchangers containing liquid C4 and lighter products

exceeding 5 square meters
 Vertical vessels and columns up to a height of 15 m (50 feet) above potential source
of fire (including vessel skirt unless fireproofed)
 Air coolers handling flammable gas or flammable liquids at or above their auto
ignition temperature
 Support structures serving above equipment (unless fireproofed)
B. Fixed Foam Systems
Where required, fixed foam systems should be provided in accordance with the following
as a minimum:
 NFPA 11, 13, 16

 API 2001
Design of fixed foam systems should be appropriate for the application, with respect to
the system configuration, protection of equipment and hazards (type of flammable
liquids), foam type and concentration, and firewater supply (quality and capacity).
Fixed foam systems may be considered for the following applications:
 Truck loading and unloading facilities

 Flammable liquid storage tanks
 Flammable liquid equipment or buildings
C. Mobile Monitor Nozzles
Where conditions warrant, mobile monitor nozzles (supplied by hoses from fixed
hydrants) should be considered to supplement fixed protection equipment. Mobile
equipment may be either stand-alone type or mounted on a cart or trailer. Where
provided, equipment should include supporting hose and tools necessary for operation.
Revision 1
Monitors should be rated a minimum of 1900 l/min (500 gpm) each. Increased capacities
may be appropriate according to project conditions.
Monitors should be equipped with adjustable pattern nozzles (fog to straight stream), and
should include provisions for vertical and horizontal adjustments and mechanisms for
locking monitor positions.
5.0 TESTING AND MAINTENANCE
Testing of fire protection systems should be performed in accordance with applicable

codes and standards defined herein.
Tests should be performed in the presence of representatives of Marafiq.
Acceptance tests should include the following provisions:
 All piping should be flushed in accordance with requirements of NFPA 13, 15, and
24.
 All piping should be hydrostatically tested in accordance with the requirements of

NFPA 13, 15, and 24.
 Functional test of each system and all operating parts to ensure proper operating
condition.
A Certificate of Completion and Test should be provided (including plant location,

building or area, project number, date, and purchase order number).
All systems should be placed in operating condition, unless written instructions from the
owner’s representative direct otherwise.
Complete maintenance procedures should be provided for all equipment and systems,
including an inspection and maintenance schedule.

MQ SP B 4900

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Power and Water Utility Co.

for Jubail and Yanbu (MARAFIQ) Master Specification MQ-SP-B-4900

PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS

Revision Date Originator's Reviewed/Checked By Pages

APPROVALS SIGNATURES DATE

ISSUED FOR : Construction X Other APPROVED

PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS

Revision Date Description

A 2/28/2011 ISSUED FOR APPROVAL – TABLE OF CONTENTS ONLY

0 3/21/2011 ISSUED FOR APPROVAL – ENTIRE DOCUMENT

1 4/4/2011 ISSUED APPROVED

PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS

2.0 UNIT AND EQUIPMENT HAZARDS ......................................................................................................................................................... 7

3.0 FIREWATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM........................................................................................................................ 8

4.0 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................................ 13

5.0 TESTING AND MAINTENANCE.............................................................................................................................................................. 17

PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS

Fire protection is generally accomplished by the incorporation of active and passive

Plant designs should address fire-related hazards defined by:

 Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA)

1.2 Design Basis

 Capability for complete isolation of equipment and piping systems containing

 Physical separation at ground level, ensuring containment of any potential

PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS

API (American Petroleum Institute)

API 2001 Fire Protection in Refineries

API 2004 Inspection for Fire Protection

API 2218 Fireproofing Practices in Petroleum and Petrochemical

API 2510 Design & Construction of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)

NFPA 1 Fire Code

NFPA 11 Foam Systems

NFPA 13 Installation of Sprinkler Systems

NFPA 14 Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems

NFPA 15 Water Spray Fixed Systems

NFPA 16 Installation of Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray

NFPA 20 Installation of Centrifugal Fire Pumps

PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS

NFPA 22 Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection

NFPA 24 Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their

NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code

NFPA 72 Installation, Maintenance, and Use of Protective Signaling

NFPA 750 Water Mist Fire Protection Systems

NFPA 850 Recommended Practice for Fire Protection for Electric

Work in this specification shall be coordinated with Marafiq Engineering Specifications:

MQ-SP-P-5001 Process and Utility Piping Design, Layout, and Drawing

MQ-SP-P-5002: Piping-Material Specification Line Classes – Process and

All technical definitions herein are to be interpreted as defined by applicable National

Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) – The organization, office, or individual

PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS

Combustible Liquids – A liquid having a flash point at or above 38 degrees C.

Auto-Ignition Temperature – The minimum temperature required to initiate or cause

Design Fire – Quantification of a fire scenario, either by consequence or fire

Performance-Based Design – An engineering approach to fire protection design based

 Established fire safety goals and objectives

2.0 UNIT AND EQUIPMENT HAZARDS

PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS

3.0 FIREWATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

3.1 Firewater Supply

Where practical, firewater sources with an unlimited capacity should be utilized.

 Where water supply capacity or rate is limited, a tank or reservoir should be

3.2 Firewater Storage Tanks

Firewater storage tanks should be designed in accordance with the requirements of