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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
(THE POWER OF HEAT RIGHT UNDER OUR FEET)
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Outlines
Introduction
Geothermal Reservoirs
Extraction & Uses of Geothermal energy
Electricity Generation
Cost
Geothermal energy in India
Pros & Cons
Conclusion
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Introduction
Electricity Generation :
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Electricity Generation (Cont.)
Transfer the heat from geothermal hot water to another liquid. The heat causes the
second liquid to turn to steam which is used to drive a generator turbine.
Only the ground water is used.
Vaporized hydrocarbons are used to spin the turbines.
Hydrocarbons having lower boiling point such as isopentane, isobutane and
propane can be used.
No harmful gases are emitted to the atmosphere because the underground water is
never disclosed outside.
This’s the worldwide accepted power plant.
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Installation for Household Purposes
Formula
Indoor Portion + Underground Loop Field = Total System Cost
The inside portion is composed of the price of the geothermal
heat pump, its installation, and possible duct work modification.
The Underground Loop Field involves drilling (or sometimes
excavating) and materials. This is usually done by a well driller.
The loop field is approximately 50% of the total cost, although
many factors effect this generalization.
For the particular situation the variables are considered :
Size of the Home/Building
Size of the heat pump
Size of the loop field
Usability of current duct work
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Cost
But after certain time period, the cost of electricity becomes comparable to other
resources of energy.
Once the capital cost is recovered, the price can decrease to below US $0.05 (Rs.
3.40 ) per KWh.
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Geothermal energy in India
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Geothermal Energy in India (Cont.)
Geothermal energy is generally considered environmentally friendly and does not cause significant amounts of
pollution.
Geothermal reservoirs are naturally replenished and therefore renewable (it is not possible to exhaust the
resources).
Massive potential – upper estimates show a worldwide potential of 2 terawatts (TW).
Excellent for meeting the base load energy demand (as opposed to other renewable’s such as wind and
solar).
Great for heating and cooling – even small households can benefit.
Harnessing geothermal energy does not involve any fuels, which means less cost fluctuations and stable
electricity prices.
Geothermal energy is available everywhere, although only some resources are profitably exploitable.
Recent technological advancements (e.g. enhanced geothermal systems) have made more resources
exploitable and lowered costs.
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Con’s
There are some minor environmental issues associated with geothermal power.
Geothermal power plants can in extreme cases cause earthquakes.
There are heavy upfront costs associated with both geothermal power plants and
geothermal heating/cooling systems.
Very location specific (most resources are simply not cost-competitive).
Geothermal power is only sustainable (renewable) if the reservoirs are properly
managed.
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Conclusion
Geothermal heating system can replace fossil fuel heating system in a particular
area.
Annual cost for common heating purpose can be reduced by more than 60 %
Continued energy shortages have created added interest in geothermal energy
for power generation.
Potential exists to provide all energy requirement of the world.
Geothermal Energy appears to be a partial solution to our energy needs.
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Thank You
PPT. By
Darryl Dmello
Mohammed Afzal Shaikh
Danish Rauf Shaikh
Vikrant Gupta