OMAR, RASHLEA ART APPRECIATION

d. Spectacular and the monumental

Music: Listening or Hearing?
• Music is considered a very powerful art  Despite its negative connotation
because it stimulates pleasant or unpleasant  The grandiose and dramatic spirit of the period
reactions which are uncontrolled or gave rise to important vocal forms such as the
spontaneous. opera, oratorio and cantata
• Live rock concerts energize the audience  Most famous and well-loved oratorio of this
• Sentimental ballads like from the 1980s period is George Frideric Handel’s Messiah
produce a sense of melancholy or atmosphere which premiered in 1742
of romance SOME OF THE WELL-KNOWN BAROQUE COMPOSERS
• Hearing and Listening are two ways to • Johan Pachelbel
experience music • Johann Sebastian Bach
What is the difference of a hearer and a listener? • Antonio Vivaldi
HEARERS • Georg Friedrich Händel
• Hearers do not bother to pay attention to the  Believed that Music was a powerful tool of
details or structure of the form. communication and could arouse emotion in
• They may be familiar with the melody of “My its listeners
Heart Will Go On” of Celine Dion and associate  Unity of mood- each piece features a single
it to the film Titanic emotion
• But not pay attention to the shift in the use of  Repetition of melody
instruments from the flute to the violin  Terraced dynamics- dynamics change suddenly
• Blending and change from the medium to high CLASSICAL MUSIC
pitch in the vocals. Classical Music (Approximately from 1750 to 1830)
• Hearers are moved by the association they have • Two figures stand at the heart of western
on the music in relation to their emotions and classical music
not on the music structure • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
LISTENER • Marriage of Figaro
• Ponder upon the form, details and structure. • Don Giovanni
• Queen’s Bohemian Rhapsody • Magic Flute
• Begins with a chorus of singers • Eine Kleine Nachtmusik
• Then with Freddie Mercury’s solo in ballad to • Ludwig Van Beethoven
the opera section • Ode to Joy
• Which bounces back to the ballad with rapidly • Moonlight Sonata
changing vocals of Galileo’s • Fur Elise
• Then proceeds to the hard-rock part CHARACTERISTICS OF CLASSICAL MUSIC:
BAROQUE MUSIC • Lighter, clearer texture than Baroque music
Baroque Music (Approximately from 1600 to 1750) • Less complex
• Baroque • Emphasizes elegance
• Comes from the Portuguese word “barroco” • Variety in dynamics, rhythms, and melodies
which means “misshapen pearl” or “oddly • Orchestra increased in size and range –
shaped pearl” woodwind
CHARACTERIZED BY: • Importance was given to instrumental music
a. Movement and tension WELL-KNOWN MUSICIANS:
b. Emotion rather than beauty • Joseph Haydn- comic operas, string quartets
c. Sensual rather than the rational and symphonies
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• Franz Schubert- symphonies, sacred music,
opera
ROMANTIC MUSIC
• Economic and socio-political upheavals of the
late 18th to 19th century Europe brought changes
in musical style.
• Composers drew inspiration from art and
literature, from nature and from folk stories
• Most notable is the production of programme
music or music that tells a story
• Richard Wagner and Giuseppi Verdi
Characteristics attributed to Romantic Music
• Preoccupation with nature
• Fascination with the past – chivalry
• Turn towards supernatural
• National identity
• Emphasis on extreme subjectivism
• Deemed expressive and inventive as reflected in
the harmonies and the chromaticism – color of
the melodies
• Reflected personal emotions and love and
nature were viewed with idealism
NOTABLE COMPOSERS:
• Felix Mendelssohn
• Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky
• Johannes Brahms
• Hector Berlioz
MODERN MUSIC
• Music of the 20th century
• Challenged the traditional aesthetic
conventions
• Impressionistic and full of experimentation, a
kind of live in the moment style
• Atonal music or music that is not in a particular
key
• Arnold Schonberg
• Invention of the audio recording technology,
music became easily available in America, new
forms such as the musical theater and jazz
evolved
PROMINENT MUSICIANS:
• Igor Stravinsky- Rite of Spring
• Aaron Copland
• Claude Debussy – Claire de Lune
Terms in Music
ART APPRECIATION
1. ALTO: a low-ranged female voice; the second
lowest instrumental range
2. BARITONE: a moderately low male voice; in
range between a tenor and a bass
3. BASS: the lowest male voice
4. BRASS INSTRUMENT: a powerful metallic
instrument with a mouthpiece and tubing that
must be blown into by the player
• Trumpet
• Trombone
• French horn
• Tuba
• Baritone
• Bugle
5. CHORD: a harmonic combination that has three
or more pitches sounding simultaneously
6. CODA: concluding section appended to the end
of a work
7. CONSONANCE: pleasant-sounding harmony
8. CRESCENDO: gradually getting louder
9. DECRESCENDO: gradually getting quieter
10. FALSETTO: a vocal technique that allows a male
to sing in a much higher, lighter register
11. FILM MUSIC: (genre) music that serves as either
a background or foreground material for a
movie.
12. HARMONY: the elemental category describing
vertical combinations of pitches
13. INSTRUMENTATION: the combination of
instruments that a composition is written for
14. INTERVAL: measured distance between 2 music
pitches
15. MELODY- the musical element that deals with
the horizontal presentation of pitch
16. PITCH- the relative highness or lowness of a
musical sound
17. RHYTHM- the elements of music as it unfolds in
time
18. SEQUENCE- immediate repetition of a melodic
passage on a higher or lower pitch level
19. SOPRANO- highest ranged woman’s voice or a
high pre-pubescent boy’s voice
20. TEMPO- speed of the music beat
21. TENOR- a high-ranged male voice
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22. THEME- main self-contained melody of a
musical composition
23. VIVACE- a lively tempo
Popular Culture and Music
• The term popular culture refers to the pattern
of cultural experiences and attitudes that exist
in mainstream society.
• Popular (pop) culture is often expressed and
spread via commercial media such as radio,
television, movies, the music industry,
publishers and corporate-run websites.
• Rock and pop music are part of popular culture.
• The Beatles is a critically acclaimed band in the
history of popular music and the most
commercially successful English rock band from
Liverpool with members
• John Lennon
• Paul McCartney
• George Harrison
• Ringo Starr
• According to the Recording Industry Association
of America
• The group is the best-selling musical act of all
time in the United States
• According to the Rolling Stone Magazine, their
innovative music and cultural impact helped
define the 1960s, and their influence on pop
culture can still be felt today.
• The Beatles is number one in the list of 100
Greatest Artists of All Time
Eleanor Rigby
• Song of The Beatles released in 1966
• Written by Paul McCartney and John Lennon
OPM
The Beginnings of the Philippine Popular Music: The
OPM
• Media through radio and television made the
propagation of popular or pop music which is
understood today as pop, rock, jazz, disco,
ballad, folk, country Western and “ethnic”.
• Year 1973 saw the emergence of Pinoy rock and
rhythm
ART APPRECIATION
• Merges the rock beat with Filipino lyrics in local
color
• This is the beginning of the OPM or Original
Pilipino Music or Organisasyon ng Pilipinong
Mang-aawit
Pinoy Rock
• Introduced by Juan de la Cruz Band
• Mike Hanopol who sang Laki sa Layaw (Jeproks)
making him a major symbol of Pinoy Rock
Folk Songs
• Folk Songs are important because it helps us to
look back to the culture which our ancestors
gave us.
• We can use it as a tool in handing and
explaining our culture to the other generation.
Rise of the Manila Sound
• Manila Sound is a music genre in the Philippines
that began in the mid-1970s in Manila
• It is considered the bright side of the Philippine
martial law era and has influenced most of the
modern genres in the country by being the
forerunner to OPM
• In 1970s gave birth to lyrics using colloquial
language called “Taglish”
• Taglish clicked with the changing mood of the
youth, gaining wide acceptance even from the
burgis (bourgeois) crowd.
• Hotdogs, Cinderella, Rainmakers, and Apo
Hiking Society
Disco Music
• Popular in 1970s to the 1980s
• Hotdogs Annie Batumbakal
• Songs of VST and Co.
• Hagibis, macho group
• “Annie Batungbakal.”
• It was a tribute to Pinay domestics who were
truly “bonggacious” during their days off—so
flashy, you wouldn’t think they were cooking,
washing clothes, changing diapers and dodging
employers’ fists on their working days.
• Aside from being a tribute, this was also a
commentary on our youngest sister (Gina) who
was at Coco Banana night after night dancing till
OMAR, RASHLEA ART APPRECIATION
dawn, unmindful that she had to be at work the
next day in an ad agency at 9 a.m. sharp. She
was—rightfully—the “muse” of this classic tune.
Protest songs
• 1980s
• Bayan Ko – a kundiman written in 1928 by
Constancio de Guzman with lyrics by Jose
Corazon de Jesus became the anthem of the
street parliamentarians to compose songs in the
same nationalist vein
Groups noted for nationalist songs
• Asin
• Joey Ayala
• Freddie Aguilar
• And many others

 The use of local resources and expression of

local sentiments and dependence on available
local talent are healthy signs of evolving Filipino
pop music using Western musical values and
technique.
 Far from obliterating the indigenous musical
soul, the long colonial experience of the country
under Spain and America has in fact enriched its
musical culture.
 Each colonial era contributed to the shaping of
what is largely acknowledged as Philippine
music today.
 Philippine musical culture show a distinct
foreign borrowing, its equally true that such
borrowing underwent a process of
internalization and indigenization
 The Filipino has actively transformed what he
has borrowed and has breathed into it his very
essence.