DIGESTION BOLUS- When food is still inside the mouth.
Phases include: ESOPHAGUS
1. Ingestion 2. Deglutition PERISTALSIS- moves food from the throat to 3. Digestion stomach using muscle movement. 4. Absorption 5. Elimination STOMACH - J shaped muscular bag that stores the food you eat, breaks it down into tiny Types of digestion: pieces.
-> MECHIANICAL CHYME - Food inside the stomach.
- Physical - Chew SPHINCTER- Prevents back flow of the food - Tear - Grind SMALL INTESTINE - Mash - 7 feet long - Mix VILI- Lining of the intestine walls has finger -> CHEMICAL like projection - Enzymatic reactions 1. Duodenuum - Carbohydrates 2. Jejenum - Proteins 3. Lienum - Lipids LA R G E I N T E S T I N E - Colon GASTRO INTESTINAL TRACT - 5 feet long - Direct link/path between organs - Accepts what small intestines does not - Tube within a tube absorb - Structures -Absorbs more water -Mouth -Ascending -Esophagus -Transverse -Pharynx -Descending -Stomach APPENDIX TEETH - Vestigal structure - Mechanically break down food into - No body function small pieces.
EPIGLOTTIS - Is a flap like structure
at the back of the throat that closes over the trachea preventing food from entering it.
PHARYNX - Way of food/air.
ACCESSORY ORGANS 6. HEMORRHOIDS- Are blood vessels that - Not a part of the path of the food but play are in and around the anus and lower a critical role rectum that have become swollen due to stretching and pressure > LIVER - Compacted stool. - Produce bile 7. APPENDICITIS- Irritations, inflammation, and infection of the appendix. BILE- helps digest fats - Persistent pain in the lower - filters out the toxins & waste including right abdomen drugs and alcohol. 8. PICA- Eating disorder - Iron-defficiency > GALL BLADDER - Malnutrition - Stores bile from the liver, releases it into - Poverty small intestines 9. GASTRO ESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE - Heart burn DISORDERS & DISEASES - - Acid indigestion OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 10. INDIGESTION/DYSPEPSIA - Impaired digestion 1. DIARRHEA- Large intestines cannot - Food digestion maintain the usual level of the water absorption. -Eating too fast - Watery waste & painful - Fullness stomach. 11. FLATULENCE- Excessive amount of gases stored in digestion system. 2. CONSTIPATION- Too slow peristalsis 12. COLITIS- Inflammation of the lining movement. colon. - lack of fiber. - Stool becomes hard and compacted. 3. HEPATITIS- Inflamation of the liver due to excessive consumption of alcohol or viral infection. - Yellowing of the skin and white part of the eyes. 4. GALLSTONES- Formation of crystal usually from too much cholesterol. - Severe sudden pain in the upper right abdomen. 5. PEPTIC ULCER- Open sores found in GI tract. - Caused by a bacterium helico bacter pylori and long term use of anti inflammatory drugs.