2019–20 coronavirus pandemic

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"Coronavirus outbreak" redirects here. For other outbreaks of coronaviruses, see Coronavirus

§  Outbreaks.

2019–20 coronavirus pandemic

Map of confirmed cases per capita as of 22 March 2020

   > 1 case per 1,000 inhabitants

   1–10 cases per 10,000 inhabitants

   1–10 cases per 100,000 inhabitants

   1–10 cases per 1 million inhabitants

   1–10 cases per 10 million inhabitants

   1–10 cases per 100 million inhabitants

   No confirmed cases

Total confirmed cases map

Deaths per capita map

Cases per capita timeline

 (clockwise from top)

 Hospitalised patients in Tehran

 Disinfection vehicles in Taipei
 Empty shelves in an Australian supermarket due to panic
buying
 Health checks at Linate Airport in Milan
 The Italian government's outbreak task force

Disease Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Virus strain Severe acute respiratory syndrome

coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

Location Worldwide (list of locations)

First case Wuhan, Hubei, China

30°37′11″N 114°15′28″E
 Date 1 December 2019 – present[1]

(3 months and 3 weeks)

Origin Unknown

Confirmed cases 306,000+[2][3]

Recovered 94,000+[2][3]

Deaths 13,000+[2][3]

Territories 180+[2][3]

The 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic is an ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease

2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).[4] The
outbreak was first identified in Wuhan, Hubei, China, in December 2019, and was recognized as a
pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020.[5] As of 22 March, more than
306,000 cases of COVID-19 have been reported in over 180 countries and territories, resulting in
more than 13,000 deaths and 94,000 recoveries.[2][3]
The virus is spread between people primarily via respiratory droplets produced during coughing.
[disputed  –  discuss][6][7][8][9]
 These droplets can also be produced from sneezing and normal exhalation, and the
virus may spread from touching contaminated surfaces and then touching one's face. [8] It is most
contagious when people are symptomatic, although spread may be possible before symptoms
appear.[10] The time between exposure and symptom onset is typically around five days, but may
range from two to fourteen days.[9][11] Common symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of
breath.[9][11] Complications may include pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. There is
no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment. Primary treatment is symptomatic and supportive therapy.
Recommended preventive measures include hand washing, covering the mouth when
coughing, maintaining distance from other people, and monitoring and self-isolation for people who
suspect they are infected.[8][9][12]
Efforts to prevent the virus spreading include travel restrictions, quarantines, curfews, event
postponements and cancellations, and facility closures. These include a quarantine of Hubei,
nationwide quarantines in Italy and elsewhere in Europe, curfew measures elsewhere in
China and South Korea,[13][14][15] various border closures or incoming passenger restrictions, [16]
[17]
 screening at airports and train stations, [18] and travel advisories regarding regions with community
transmission.[19][20][21][22] Schools and universities have closed either on a nationwide or local basis in at
least 115 countries, affecting more than 1.2 billion students. [23]
The pandemic has led to global socioeconomic disruption,[24] the postponement or cancellation of
sporting and cultural events,[25] and widespread fears of supply shortages which have spurred panic
buying.[26][27] Misinformation and conspiracy theories about the virus have spread online,[28][29] and there
have been incidents of xenophobia and racism against Chinese and other East or Southeast Asian
people.[30]

Contents
 1Epidemiology

o 1.1Deaths

o 1.2Diagrams

 2Signs and symptoms

 3Cause

o 3.1Transmission

o 3.2Virology

 4Diagnosis

o 4.1Viral testing

o 4.2Imaging

 5Prevention

o 5.1Hand washing

o 5.2Respiratory hygiene

o 5.3Social distancing

o 5.4Self-isolation

 6Management

o 6.1Outbreak

o 6.2Illness

 7History

 8Domestic responses

o 8.1China

o 8.2South Korea

o 8.3Iran

o 8.4Italy

o 8.5Spain
 o 8.6United States

o 8.7Singapore

o 8.8United Kingdom

o 8.9Other countries

 9International responses

o 9.1Travel restrictions

o 9.2Evacuation of foreign citizens

o 9.3International aid

o 9.4WHO response measures

 10Impacts

o 10.1Politics

o 10.2Education

o 10.3Socioeconomics

o 10.4Environment

o 10.5Culture

o 10.6Potential long-term impacts

o 10.7Xenophobia and racism

 11Possible duration of the outbreak

 12Information dissemination

o 12.1Open-access papers

o 12.2Open research database

o 12.3Citizen science

o 12.4Misinformation

 13See also

 14References
 15Sources attribution

 16Further reading

 17External links