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Why do planes need pushback trucks?

In aviation, pushback is an airport procedure during which an aircraft is pushed


backwards away from an airport gate by external power. Pushbacks are carried out by
special, low-profile vehicles called pushback tractors or tugs.

Although most aircraft are capable of moving themselves backwards on the ground
using reverse thrust, a procedure called as a powerback, it is not typically done due to
the following reasons,

 The jet blast from the engines can damage the terminal building and nearby
equipment. It can even throw away people standing nearby.
 Engines can blow sand and debris.
 Engines can suck in sand and debris which can cause serious damage to the
engine.
 It is easier for the truck driver to see the surroundings better than the pilot
sitting in the cockpit with limited windows.
 The pushback truck driver knows the airport better than the pilot.
 The plane engines are very loud. This noise can add up substantially when
multiple planes are moving around the airport. It won't be a pleasant
experience for people sitting inside the terminal, as most people don't even like
the sound of powerful motor-bikes.
 It saves fuel. Virgin Atlantic had proposed a new system in which the
pushback trucks will push the plane all the way to the runway to save fuel and
reduce impact on nearby environment.
 Modern planes are huge. See the image below for comparison. It is difficult
to navigate such gigantic structures through limited space. An A380 is eight
stories high. The pilots won't be able to see anything directly in-front of them
or anything behind the wings.
 New generation pushback trucks

The new type pushback trucks called SuperTugs wraps itself around the nose
wheel instead of using a tow-bar. This is typically used to push bigger planes like
A380 or 747.
 There are also proposals to use robotic pushback trucks. Some airports already
use semi-automatic pushback tractors.
https://www.faa.gov/airports/

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