Revisi Pembahasan PTLF PDF

LABORATORIUM PERANCANGAN FASILITAS TELEKOMUNIKASI
FAKULTAS REKAYASA INDUSTRI TELKOM UNIVERSITY

Jl. Telekomunikasi Gedung C-313 Dayeuhkolot Bandung 40257
Telp.(022)7564108 Ext.2212 e-mail: pftlabz.org@gmail.com
1. COG
Answer:
(3 X 100) + (2 X 110) + (4 X 120)

𝑋 − 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦 = = 3,03
100 + 110 + 120
(2 X 100) + (6 X 110) + (7 X 120)

𝑌 − 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦 = = 5,1
100 + 110 + 120
So, according to the Center of Gravity method, PT Rgengz will build a head office location at
coordinates (3.03, 5.1)
2. Answer :
The factory produced 2 product each day. So the unit load alternative is the factor of 2, that are
unit load 1 and 2. Based on the processing time in OPC. This is the Calculation of unit load.
Based on the calculation, the result is :

Total time by using unit load 2 is 25 minutes.
Total time by using unit load 1 is 24 minutes.
The optimum unit load is 1.
3. Answer :
• Volume material A = 20x15x15 cm

• Volume of Forklife = 120x120x120 cm
• Output = 300 product/day
• Workdays = 25 a month
• Workhours = 8 workhours/day
• The price of forklift = Rp 30.000.000
• Economic life of forklift = 10 years
• The salary of operator = Rp 800.000/month
• Maintenance Cost = Rp 500.000/month
• Fuel cost = Rp 1.000.000/month
• The Milleage of forklife per day = 300 meters
• Total Distance between stations in = 200 meters
• Equipment Capacity = Vol of equipment / Vol of material
= 120x120x120 / 20x15x15
= 384
We we will calculate by equalizing the time,

• Maintenance Cost = Maintenance Cost MHE per month / Workday per month
• Maintenance Cost = Rp 500.000 / 25 days
• Maintenance Cost = Rp 20.000 /day
• Fuel Cost = Fuel Cost per month / Workday per month
• Fuel Cost = Rp 1.000.000 / 25 days
• Fuel Cost = Rp 40.000/day
• Depreciation = Price of MHE / Economic life x Workday per year
• Depreciation = Rp 30.000.000 / 10 x 25 x 12
• Depreciation = Rp 10.000 /day
• Operator Cost = Salary of Operator / Workday per month
• Operator Cost = Rp 800.000 / 25 days
• Operator Cost = Rp 32.000/day
• MHE Cost = Maintenance cost + Fuel Cost + Depreciation

= Rp 20.000 /day + Rp 40.000 /day + Rp 10.000 /day
= Rp 70.000 /day
• Equipment Cost per meter movement = (MHE Cost + Operator Cost) / Mileage
MHE)
= (Rp 70.000 + Rp 32.000) / 300
= Rp 340 /meters
• Frequency = Output / Equipment Capacity
= 300 / 384
= 0,78 ≈ 1
• Total MHC = Equipment cost per meters movement x Stations Distance x Frequency
= Rp 340/meters x 200 meters x 1
= Rp 68.000 /day
4. Answer :
Processing Theoritical Actual Amount Required Prepared Required Machine
No Operation Facility Name Effiency (%) Defect (%)
Time (menit) Machine Machine Of Actual Production Production Theoritical Actual
1 Part A
O-1 Mesin A 3 160 99% 158.4 1% 0 1317 1331 8.40 9
O-2 Mesin B 1 480 99% 475.2 1% 0 1303 1317 2.77 3
I-1 Mesin C 1 480 99% 475.2 1% 0 1289 1303 2.74 3
O-3 Mesin D 2 240 98% 235.2 2% 0 1263 1289 5.48 6
2 Part B
O-4 Mesin A 2 240 98% 235.2 2% 0 2660 2715 11.54 12
O-5 Mesin B 4 120 99% 118.8 1% 0 2633 2660 22.39 23
I-2 Mesin E 1 480 99% 475.2 1% 0 2606 2633 5.54 6
3 Part C
O-6 Mesin A 2 240 98% 235.2 2% 0 2633 2687 11.42 12
0-7 Mesin B 3 160 99% 158.4 1% 0 2606 2633 16.62 17
4 Sub Assembly
O-8 Mesin F 4 120 98% 117.6 2% 0 1276 1303 11.08 12
I-3 Mesin G 1 480 99% 475.2 1% 0 1263 1276 2.69 3
5 Assembly
O-9 Mesin H 1 480 99% 475.2 1% 0 1250 1263 2.66 3
I-4 Mesin I 2 240 100% 240 0% 0 1250 1250 5.21 6
TOTAL
115
MACHINE
❖ Theoretical Machine Capacity Required production for O-3

is based on the prepared production
Theoretical Machine capacity O-1 = on I-9
8 𝑥 60 Required production for I-1
= 160
3
Theoretical Machine capacity O-2 =
8 𝑥 60 on O-3
= 480
1
Required production for I-3
Theoretical Machine capacity 1-1 =
8 𝑥 60
= 480
1 on O-9
Theoretical Machine capacity O-3 = Required production for I-2
8 𝑥 60
= 240 is based on the prepared production
2
❖ Actual Machine Capacity on O-8

Required production for O-7
Actual Machine Capacity O-1
= 160 x 99%
on O-8
= 158,4
❖ Prepared Production
Actual Machine Capacity O-2
Prepared Production I-4 = 1250 =
= 480 x 99% (1−0%)
= 475,2 1250
Actual Machine Capacity I-1 Prepared Production O-9 = 1250 =
(1−1%)
= 480 x 99%
1262,63
= 475,2
Prepared Production I-3 = 1262,63 =
Actual Machine Capacity O-3 (1−1%)
= 240 x 98% 1275,38

= 235,2 Prepared Production O-8 = 1275,38 =
(1−2%)
❖ Required Production
1301,41
From the end process (I-4) = 300000 ❖ Theoretical machine required
5 𝑥 4 𝑥 12
= 1250 Theoretical machine required O-1

Required production for O-9 1327,83
= = 8,38
158,4
on I-4
Theoretical machine required O-2 = FROM A B C D DEMAND WEIGHT

A 0 11 8 12 10 1.1
1314,55 B 11 0 10 7 8 1.4
= 2,77
475,2 C 8 10 0 9 20 0.7
5. D 9.5 7 9 0 12 1
Theoretical machine required I-1 =
1301,41 Step 1: Multiply distances *
= 2,74
475,2
weights * demand
Theoretical machine required O-3 =
1288,39
FROM A B C D
= 5,48 A 0 121 88 132
235,2
B 123.2 0 112 78.4
C 112 140 0 126
❖ Actual Machine Required D 114 84 108 0
TOTAL 349.2 345 308 336.4
Actual machine required O-1 = 8,38 – Step 2. Add up values in columns.
0 = 8,38 ≈ 9 Choose smallest value as first site.
Actual machine required O-2 = 2,77 –
FROM A B C D
0 = 2,77 ≈ 3 A 0 88 88 88
Actual machine required I-1 = 2,74 – 0 B 112 0 112 78.4
C 0 0 0 0
= 2,74 ≈ 3
D 108 84 108 0
Actual machine required O-3 = 5,48 – TOTAL 220 172 308 166.4
0 = 5,48 ≈ 6 Step 3. If larger, set each cost equal
to cost in same row in the chosen
column.
a. Amount of machine needed by PT.
Rgengz to support the stirling FROM A B D
production process is A 0 88 88
B 78.4 0 78.4
= C 0 0 0
(9+3+3+6+12+23+6+12+17+12+3+ D 0 0 0
TOTAL 78.4 88 166.4
3+6)
= 115 machine
b. Amount of prepared production in

process O-1 is 1331 part
MASTERAN
FROM A B Definition of Facility
A 0 88
• Something that makes an action,
B 78.4 0
C 0 0 operation, or course of conduct easier;
D 0 0 usually used in plural (facilities for
TOTAL 78.4 88 study).
• Something that is built, installed, or
FROM A B established to serve a particular purpose.
A 0 0 • An installation, contrivance, or other
B 78.4 0 things which facilities something; a place
C 0 0 for doing something.
D 0 0 • A term used to describe financial
TOTAL 78.4 0 assistance programs offered by lending
institutions to help companies acquire
Step 4. Get rid of previously chosen capital.
column. Sum, choose smallest sum. Repeat Component of a facility design
3 & 4 until enough sites chosen. • Facilities System Design are included an
integrated system, atmosphere system,
Summary
TOTAL lighting, electricity, security systems, and
LOCATION
COST
sanitation system.
C 308
C,D 166.4 • Facilities Layout are included tools,
C,D,A 78.4 machine, and anything in the facility.
C,D,A,B 0
• Handling System is related with
material flow
Facilities Planning Process (Tompkins, et
al 2016)
1. Define/ redefine the objective
Planning a new facility or
improvement of an existing facility.
That the product(s) to be produced
and/or services(s) to be provided.
Volumes or levels of activity are to
be identified. The roles of the facility
within the supply chain must be
defined. To formulate the problem,
goal, or target of planning the condition of the facility qualitatively

facility. Whether planning new and quantitatively, so that it can be
facilities or developing existing seen which facilities need to be
facilities. Things that need to be improved.whether and how activities
considered in formulating the interact or supportone another within
objectives of facility planning, the boundaries of the facility and
namely: how this is to be undertaken
- Understanding a successful 4. Determine space requirement
organizational model. Consider all equipment, material,
- Understanding external and personnel requirements.
issues Generate alternative facilities plan.
- Understanding internal All equipment, material and
issues personnel needs must be carefully
2. Specify primary and support calculated because they are closely
activities related in determining the space
Formulate the main activities and requirements for each activity.
supporting activities that must be 5. Generate alternative facilities Plans
carried out to meet the objectives. • Alternative facilities locations
Supporting activities help the main • Alternative designs for facility,
activity so that there is no delay. The design of the facility
Examples of the main activities are consists of :
manufacturing, and examples for Layout design
supporting activities are Structural design
maintenance Material handling system
design
6. Evaluate alternative facilities plans
3. Determine the interrelationship Sorting alternatives - alternatives
At this stage a team or group is based on factors that are subjective
needed to analyze the relationship or these factors affect the facility. In
between activities. The analysis can addition, it is also sorted by benefits
be in the form of an assessment of the
or economic adventage. Rank the 4) Develop an algorithm for the problem

plans which one to be build. and solve it
7. Select a preferred design 5) Generate alternative solutions,
The information generated in the evaluate, and select
previous step should be utilized to 6) Implement the Solution
arrive at the final selection of a plan. 7) Continuously review after
8. Implement the design implementation
Things that need to be considered at
Characteristics of good facilities
this stage are overseeing the a. Flexibility is a facility or machine that
implementation of the new layout, can be flexible to the product changes.
preparing for thorough preparation, b. Modularity, is a people in a system that
running facilities, analyzing, all working together efficiently based on
phases of implementation of facility operation cost.
planning. c. Upgradibility is a merge between an
9. Maintain and adapt facilities plan equipment system progress and technology.
All facility plans pay attention to the d.Adaptibility is a consideration of the
factors of energy saving and material calendar implications, cycle, and peak
transfer flow because a change in in the use of facilities.
product design can cause changes in e. Selective Operability is understanding
the material transfer flow. how each segment in the facility
operates and allows contingency plans
10. Redefine the objective of the facility to be put in place.
Re-formulate the problem, purpose, f. Environmental and Energy Friendliness
or target of planning the facility. is an eco-friendly facility
Whether planning new facilities or Facilities Planning Hierarchy
developing existing facilities.
Seven Steps of engineering design
problem approach
1) Identify the problem
2) Gather the required data
3) Formulated a model for the problem
o Location : The placement of a • Reaching accord on final choices of

facility with respect to customers, site
suppliers, and other facilities with 2. Determine company needs
which it interface o Establishing the goals,
o Structural Design : Consist of the objectives and criteria
building and services o Obtaining enough data on
o Layout : The way to arrange specific physical need
elements in the system that consist 3. Obtain knowledge of selection
of all equipment, machinery, and process and techniques
furnishings within the structure Process 1.Choosing the region
o Layout : The way to arrange 2.Picking the community 3.Selecting
elements in the system that consist the site
of all equipment, machinery, and Techniques (Checklists,
furnishings within the structure Questionnaires, punched cards,
Step of Facility Location Procedure spread sheets, Mathematical models,
1. Choose a site selection committee charts, cost comparisons, ranking
Responsible for operating the facility and rating and combination)
• Determining scope and the best 4. Decide on overall approach
method of survey
• Identifying and giving
consideration to all permanent
requirement
• Conducting the selection process in
5. Accumulate the data
thorough, competent manner
6. Analyze the data
• Providing on economic analysis of
Analyze the data : all the facts,
likely locations.
figures, and information
• Making the selection objectively
accumulated.
• Scheduling site acquisition steps in
a. Sort and classify.
coordination with all company
b. Check for completeness.
functions
c. Summarize the various aspects.
d. Determine practicability of data.
e. Average, weight, or otherwise yang dipertimbangkan adalah jumlah

treat data to yield useful information. berasyang diangkut dari setiap
f. Develop charts, graphs, maps, and pemasok ke gudang per bulan
tables, to properly present data. - Minimax location problem
g. Check carefully for Locating one or more new facilities
inconsistencies, omissions, errors, such that the weighted maximum
and unnecessary or irrelevant data distancetraveled from a new facility
7. Evaluate the alternative to an exiting or new facility is
1) Select the factors of most specific minimized.
interest to enterprise Contoh: menempatkan lokasi kantin
2) Rank them in order of importance pabrik dengan meminimumkan jarak
3) Evaluate each region, community, terjauh dari setiap Gedung kekantin.
or site for each location alternative in Bobot yang dipertimbangkan adalah
cost or other quantitative term jumlah karyawan yang bergerak dari
8. Reduce possible sites to workable setiap Gedung ke kantin per hari.
minimum - Maximinlocation problem Locating
9. Investigate the alternative site in one or more new facilities such that
detail the weighted minimum
10. Collect and analyze further data distancetraveled from a new facility
11. Select and obtain the site to an exiting or new facility is
Facility Location Problems maximized.
Optimization criteria : Contoh: menempatkan lokasi
- Minisum location problem pembuangan limbah padat pabrik
Locating one or more new facilities dengan memaksimumkan jarak
such that the weighted sum of terdekat dari setiap Gedung ke
distancesamong pairs of facilities is pembuangan limbah padat. Bobot
minimized. yang dipertimbangkan adalah jumlah
Contoh: menempatkan lokasi karyawan yang bekerjadi setiap
Gudang beras dengan Gedung per hari.
meminimumkan total jarak dari
setiap pemasok kegudang. Bobot
Material Handling Definition the wrong ammount and picking

the wrong material Accurate
1. Meyers :
identification system is needed
Material Handling is the function of
Automatic identificationis key to
moving the right material to the right
accurate identification (ex: bar code
place, at the right time, in the right
system) Improvements :
amount, in sequence, and in the right
simplifying the parts numbering
position or conditionto minimize
system, maintaining the integrity
production cost.
and accuracy of the database
2. Tompkins :
system
• The art and science of moving,
• Right Condition
storing, protecting and controlling
“Right condition” is the state in
material
which the customer desires to
• Providing the right amountof the
receive the material. Delivered
right material, in the right
packed or unpacked, sorted based
condition at the right place in the
on specifications, painted or
right position in the right
unpainted, etc. Must also be
sequenceand for the right cost
received without damage.
3. Conclution :
• Right Sequence
we can simplify that, material handling
Work simplification can help
consists of :
eliminate unnecessary operations
• Right Amount
or improving those that remain.
The “right amount” refers to the
Combining steps and changing the
problem of how muchinventory is
sequence of operations can also
needed. The right amount is what
result in more efficient material
is needed and not what is
flow.
anticipated Thus, a pull-type
• Right Orientation
material flow control structure is
“Right Orientation” means
advocated.
positioning of the material for ease
• Right Material
of handling. Particularly critical in
“The two most common errors in
manual order picking are picking
automated systems, such as in robot them wrong. It is methods not

handling operations. method
• Right Place
The “right place” addresses both According to (Tompkins, et al.,2003)
transportation and storage. It is Material Handling can be classified into
desirable to directly transport 4 major categories such as:
material to the point of use rather 1. Containers and Unitizing Equipment
than store the material at some Container such as pallets, skid, skid
intermediate location. boxes, and tote pans, and unitizing
• Right Time equipment such as stretch wrap. These
The “right time” means on-time are kind of MHE that facilitate and
delivery, neither early nor tardy. economize the material handling and
Reduction in the variance of storage operations, also protect and
delivery time is the key to this secure material.
element of the definition of 2. Material Transport Equipment
material handling Equipment that used to move material
• Right Cost from one location to another. The
The “right cost” is not necessarily subcategories of transport equipment
the lowest cost. Minimizing cost is are conveyors, crane, and industrial
the wrong objective in material vehicles.
handling system design. The more 3. Storage and Retrieval Equipment
appropriate goal is to design the Equipment that used for holding or
most efficient material handling buffering materials over a period of
systems at the most reasonable time. Some storage equipment may
cost. include the transport of materials, but it
• Right Method is not required if the material are not
If there are right methods then there block stacked directly on the floor.
must be wrong method . It is 4. Automatic Identification and

important to recognize what makes Communication Equipment Equipment
methods right and what makes used to collect and communicate the
information that is used to coordinate
the flow of materials within a facility the distance moved. Simplifying

and between a facility and its suppliers processes by reducing, combining,
and customers. The identification of shortening or eliminating
materials and associated control can be unnecessary moves will reduce work.
performed manually with no specialized 4. Ergonomic principle
equipment. (Example: barcode, voice Human capabilities and limitations
recognition, port data terminals, etc.) must be recognized and respected in
Material Handling Principles the design of material handling tasks
1. Planning principle and equipment to ensure safe and
Handling activities should be effective operations. Ergonomics is
planned. A plan is a prescribed the science that seeks to adapt work or
course of action that is defined in working conditions to suit theabilities
advance of implementation. In its of the worker.
simplest form a material handling 5. Unit load principle
plan defines material (what) the A unit load is one that can be stored
moves (when and where) together or moved as a single entity at one
they define the method. time, such as a pallet, container or
2. Standardization principle tote,regardless of the number of
Standardization means less variety individual items that make up the
and customizationin the methods and load.
equipment employed. A search for a 6. Space utilization
better method should always be under Space in material handling is three
way dimensional and therefore is counted
3. Work principle as cubic space. Effective and efficient
Material handling work should be use must be made of all available
minimized without sacrificing space. There are 3 key points in space
productivityor the level of service utilization:
required of the operation. Definition: • In work areas, cluttered and
The measure of work is material unorganized spaces and blocked
handling flow (volume, weight or aisles should be eliminated.
count per unit of time) multiplied by
• In storage areas, the objective of responsiveness, improve consistency

maximizing storage density must and predictability, decrease operating
be balanced against accessibility costs and to eliminate repetitive or
and selectivity. potentially unsafe manual labor.
• When transporting loads within a 9. Environtmental principle
facility the use of overhead space Environmental consciousness stems
should be considered as an option. from a desire not to waste natural
7. System principle resources and to predict and
Material movement and storage eliminate the possible negative
activities should be fully integrated effects of our daily actions on the
to form a coordinated, operational environment. Environmental impact
system which spans receiving, and energy consumption should be
inspection, storage, production, considered as criteria when designing
assembly, packaging, unitizing, order or selecting alternative equipment
selection, shipping, transportation and material handling systems.
and the handling of returns. A system 10. Life cycle cost principle
is a collection of interacting and/or A thorough economic analysis
interdependent entities that form a should account for the entire life
unified whole. cycle of all material handling
8. Automation principle equipment and resulting systems
Automation is a technology
concerned with the application of
electro-mechanical devices,
electronics and computer-based
systems to operate and control
production and service activities. It
suggests the linking of multiple
mechanical operations to create a
system that can be controlled by
programmed instructions. Improve
operational efficiency, increase

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LABORATORIUM PERANCANGAN FASILITAS TELEKOMUNIKASI

FAKULTAS REKAYASA INDUSTRI TELKOM UNIVERSITY

(3 X 100) + (2 X 110) + (4 X 120)

(2 X 100) + (6 X 110) + (7 X 120)

Based on the calculation, the result is :

• Volume material A = 20x15x15 cm

We we will calculate by equalizing the time,

• MHE Cost = Maintenance cost + Fuel Cost + Depreciation

❖ Theoretical Machine Capacity Required production for O-3

❖ Actual Machine Capacity on O-8

= 240 x 98% 1275,38

= 1250 Theoretical machine required O-1

Theoretical machine required O-2 = FROM A B C D DEMAND WEIGHT

b. Amount of prepared production in

goal, or target of planning the condition of the facility qualitatively

or economic adventage. Rank the 4) Develop an algorithm for the problem

o Location : The placement of a • Reaching accord on final choices of

Step of Facility Location Procedure spread sheets, Mathematical models,

1. Choose a site selection committee charts, cost comparisons, ranking

Responsible for operating the facility and rating and combination)

• Determining scope and the best 4. Decide on overall approach

e. Average, weight, or otherwise yang dipertimbangkan adalah jumlah

Material Handling Definition the wrong ammount and picking

automated systems, such as in robot them wrong. It is methods not

• Right Method is not required if the material are not

must be wrong method . It is 4. Automatic Identification and

the flow of materials within a facility the distance moved. Simplifying

• In storage areas, the objective of responsiveness, improve consistency

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