USEFUL CONSTANTS

Constant Symbol Value Units

Speed of light in vacuum c 2.998 108 m/s
Elementary charge q 1.6 10-19 C
Planck’s constant h 6.626 10-34 Js
Boltzmann’s constant k 1.38 10-23 J/K
Vacuum permittivity ε0 8.854 10-12 F/m

USEFUL FORMULAS

Week 1 Formula
Speed of light in vacuum
Energy of a photon

Irradiance
∫ ( )

Air mass

Spectral photon flux

( ) ( )
Photon flux
∫ ( )
 Week 2 Formula
Law of mass action
Diffusion current density
(electrons)
Diffusion current density
(holes)
Drift current density
(electrons)
Drift current density (holes)
Diffusion length (electrons) √
Diffusion length (holes) √

Week 3 Formula
J-V curve of an ideal
[ ( ) ]
solar cell

J-V curve of a non-ideal ( )

solar cell [ ( ) ]

Open-circuit voltage ( ) ( )

Fill factor

Efficiency

Short-circuit current ∫ ( ) ( )

( )
Lambert-Beer´s law ( ) ( )
Snell´s law
 Fresnel reflection
coefficient, p- ( )
polarization
Fresnel transmission
coefficient, p-
polarization
Fresnel reflection
coefficient, s- ( )
polarization
Fresnel transmission
coefficient, s-
polarization

Week 4 Formula
Finger’s resistance

Fick’s law
 Week 6 Formula
Sensible heat ( )

Latent heat

Fourier’s law

Newton’s law

Energy per area emitted by a

black body
Energy per area emitted by a
grey body
Heat in a collector

Energy stored in a water tank

Heat loss of a water tank ( )

Heat stored in a phase [ ( ) ( )]

change material
Solar-to-hydrogen efficiency ⋅ 3
 Week 7 Formula
dX
X (T )  X ST C  (T TST C )
Temperature coefficient dT

( NOCT  20C )
Tcell  Tambient  G 
NOCT Model 800 W 2
m

EPV ,T
Module Ideality Factor MIF 
Eexp ected

  I

At MPP  V V

  I

To the right of MPP  V V

  I
 
To the left of MPP  V V

Ebatt  CbattV
Battery capacity

I
C  rate 
C-rate Cbatt
1h

Eout
 100
Storage round-trip efficiency Ein

Vdisch arg e
Battery Voltaic efficiency V  100
Vch arg e
Qdisch arg e
Battery Coulombic efficiency C  100
Qch arg e

batt  VC
Total battery efficiency

Eavailable
SOC  100
State of charge CbattV

Edisch arg ed
DOD  100
Depth of discharge CbattV