DRUG STUDY ABOUT CARBAMAZEPINE, AN ANTICONVULSANT DRUG GIVEN TO DOWN SYNDROME
PATIENTS WITH SEIZURE ATTACKS. GENERIC/BRAN MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAIND SIDE EFFECTS/ NURSING RESPONSIBILITY D NAME ACTION I-CATION ADVERSE EFFECTS GENERIC NAME: • Carbamazepine • PO Epilepsy • Patients w/ • Dizziness • Use only for classifications listed. Do • Carbamazepine depresses • Trigeminal AV block, • Drowsiness not use as a general analgesic. Use activity in the Neuralgia history of • Ataxia only for epileptic seizures that are BRAND NAME: nucleus • Prophylaxis bone • Nausea refractory to other safer agents. • Carbastal ventralis of the Of Bipolar marrow • Vomiting • Give drug with food to prevent GI • Carbilepp thalamus, Disorder depression • Dry Mouth upset. • Epazin reduces synaptic • Rectal or history of • Abdominal Pain • Do not mix suspension with other • Epikor propagation of Epilepsy hepatic medications or elements— • Anorexia • Lestremor excitatory porphyrias. precipitation may occur. • Diarrhoea Or • Mezacar impulses or • WARNING: Reduce dosage, Constipation • Tegrepin decreases • Concurrent discontinue, or substitute other summation of • Mild Skin • Tegretol use w/ or antiepileptic medication gradually. temporal Reactions w/in 14 Abrupt discontinuation of all stimulation days of • Disturbances Of Cerebellar And antiepileptic medication may leading to MAOI use. precipitate status epilepticus. neural discharge Oculo-Motor Function • Suspension will produce higher peak by limiting • Concurrent levels than tablets—start with a lower influx of Na use w/ • Transient Leucopenia dose given more frequently. ions across cell nefazodone. membrane or • Eosinophilia • Ensure that patient swallows ER other unknown • Leukocytosis tablets whole—do not cut, crush, or mechanisms. • Thrombocyte- chew. paenia • Arrange for frequent liver function • It stimulates the • Purpura tests; discontinue drug immediately if release of • Lymphadeno- hepatic dysfunction occurs. antidiuretic pathy • WARNING: Arrange for patient to hormone (ADH) • Splenomegaly, have CBC, including and potentiates Pneumonitis platelet, reticulocyte counts, and its action in • Abonormalities serum iron determination, before promoting of Liver And initiating therapy; repeat weekly for reabsorption of Kidney the first 3 mo of therapy and monthly water. Function thereafter for at least 2–3 yr. • Hepatitis Discontinue drug if there is evidence • Cholestatic of marrow suppression, as follows: Jaundice • Arrange for frequent eye • Hyponatraemia examinations, urinalysis, and BUN • Oedema determinations. • Paraesthesia • Arrange for frequent monitoring of serum levels of carbamazepine and • Headache other antiepileptics given • Arrhythmias concomitantly, especially during the And Heart first few weeks of therapy. Adjust Block dosage on basis of data and clinical • Impotence response. • Male Infertility • Counsel women who wish to become • Gynaecomastia pregnant; advise the use of barrier • Galactorrhoea contraceptives. • Dystonias • Evaluate for therapeutic serum levels • Dykinesias W/ (usually 4–12 mcg/mL). Asterixis • Local Irritation Teaching points W/ Rectal Use. • Take drug with food as prescribed. Swallow ER tablets whole, do not cut, • Potentially crush, or chew them. Fatal: • Do not discontinue this drug abruptly o HLA- or change dosage, except on the B*1502 And advice of your physician. HLA- • Avoid alcohol, sleep-inducing, or A*3101 Allele OTC drugs; these could cause : dangerous effects. § Serious • Arrange for frequent checkups, Dermatolog including blood tests, to monitor your ic Reactions response to this drug. Keep all (E.G. appointments for checkups. Stevens- • Use contraceptives at all times; if you Johnson wish to become pregnant, you should Syndrome, consult your physician. Toxic • Wear a medical alert tag at all times Epidermal so that any emergency medical Necrolysis). personnel will know that you have epilepsy and are taking antiepileptic § Apalastic medication. Anaemia, • You may experience these side Agranulocy effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, blurred tosis, CV vision (avoid driving or performing Effects other tasks requiring alertness or (E.G. CHF). visual acuity); GI upset (take the drug with food or milk; eat frequent small meals). • Report bruising, unusual bleeding, abdominal pain, yellowing of the skin or eyes, pale feces, darkened urine, impotence, CNS disturbances, edema, fever, chills, sore throat, mouth ulcers, rash, pregnancy.