ARCADIO ARELLANO (1872 - 1920) – Pre-war 1st Generation

Personal:
- His father is a maestro de obra

Education:
- Business studies - Ateneo Municipal de Manila in Intramuros (1892)
- Further studies - Escuela de Artes y Oficios (1895)

Style:
- earliest works give a hint of his Spanish exposure but his mausoleum for the
Revolutionary Veterans gives us the hint that Neoclassical Architecture is already
starting to define the style of architecture in Manila at that time

Career
- From February 15, 1907 to October 7, 1916, Arcadio worked as board advisor for
the city of Manila at various times. As a board member, he “formulated the city’s
regulations pertaining to electricity and power rates, gambling, land reclamation
on the Tondo Beach and the law providing monetary incentives to investors of
fire- proof building materials”
- By the American period, he became a member of the City Council of Manila
and helped codify the city’s Building Code

Works:
1. Residential Houses of Hidalgos, Paternos, Aranetas and Tuasons – Quaipo, Manila
a. In Calle Escolta (1919)
b. For Hidalgo House – with touches of neo-gothic style
2. Roman Ongpin’s El 82 Bazaar (commercial building)
a. has a combination of neoclassical and Renaissance styles
b. El 82 is an art supplies store owned by Don Ramon Ongpin
3. Mausoleum of the Veterans – Manila North Cemetery (1915)
a. The structure consisted of a square plan on top of a dais, with a dome
that rests on a drum (Lico 289). The design of the facade is neoclassical
with a somber motif of “swags, frets, with key patterns and
anthropomorphic relief sculptures alluding to death and mourning (289)”
4. Casino Español – Taft Avenue, Manila
a. Collaboration with Juan Arellano
5. Gota de Leche – Manila (1917)
a. Collaboration with Juan Arellano
b. A woman and child center, was modeled after the Ospital degli
Innocenti, an orphanage in Florence, Italy, and is done in the Renaissance
style with native elements like the capiz windows.
6. Carmelo and Bauermann Inc. Building – Azcarraga St. or now Claro M. Recto St.
 7. Carmelo Residence
8. Hotel de Francia – Plaza Sta. Cruz
9. Bahay Nakpil-Bautista – Quiapo, Manila (1914)
a. Arcadio designed key elements of the house around a set of Viennese
Secession-style furniture that was a gift to Dr. Bautista and Petrona
b. With art-nouveu decorative motifs
c. Also known as Aliston Bautista-Lim House

ANTONIO TOLEDO – Pre-war 1st Generation

Personal:
Education:
- Cornell University (1910)
- Ohio State University
Style:
- Master of Neo-classicist style

Career
- One of the first-generation architects and worked in Bureau of Public Works

Works:
1. Manila City Hall – Manila (1941)
o The clock tower, also designed by Antonio Toledo which was completed
during the 1930s is the largest clock tower in the Philippines, reaching
close to 100 feet in elevation.
2. Agriculture and Finance Building – Manila (1930s) – sides of Agrifina Circle
o Agriculture Building – became the Department of Tourism then adaptively
reused as the National Museum of Natural History (under the Museum Act
of 1998 by Fidel V. Ramos)
o Finance Building – became the National Museum of Anthropology
▪ Neo-classical and proud, it had a port-cochére or a welcome-
space for guests. Massive wooden doors opened to the Marble Hall
where state functions and presidential dinners were held. As befit a
proper state building, the DOF was all decked out with chandeliers,
stained glass windows, and arches.
3. Leyte Provincial Capitol – Leyte (1907)
4. Cebu Provincial Capitol – Cebu (1937) – concave facade
o Also credited to Juan Arellano
5. Women’s Dormitory in Philippine Normal School – Manila (unknown)
6. Buildings in UP Padre Faura Campus (old UP Campus) – Manila (1914-ish)
o Including the College of Medicine Annex and University Library
7. Manila Customs House