INCIDENT ACCIDENT

• Incident can refer to any event – • accident is a bad event

big or small, good or bad, caused by error or by chance.
intentional or unintentional.
• Accidents are always
• Does not always result in an unintentional, and they
injury or illness. usually result in some
damage or injury.
Example

A B
• Rivera, Gio Treb V.
➢An incident report is a formal recording of the facts related to
an incident. The report usually relates to an accident or injury
that has occurred on the worksite, but it can also pertain to any
unusual worksite occurrences, especially near misses.

➢Incident reports should be completed as soon as possible

following the incident or injury.
➢An investigation of what happened should be undertaken as
soon as possible after the incident occurs and after any injured
persons have been taken care of.

➢If you're a security guard or police officer deployed to the

scene of an incident, writing up a detailed and accurate report
is an important part of doing your job correctly.
➢The location of the incident
➢A list of witnesses to the incident or injury
➢The severity of the injury
➢A description of the immediate measures taken in response to
the incident
Photo or video documentation of the event or its aftermath can
also be included in an incident report.
• Sentinel events – these are unexpected occurrences that resulted
in serious physical or psychological injury or death (e.g. slips, trips
and falls, natural disasters, vehicle accidents, disease outbreak,
etc.).
• Near misses – these are situations where the people involved had
no injuries but could have been potentially harmed by the risks
detected.
• Adverse events – related to medicine, vaccines and medical
devices. These events occur when an act of commission or omission
harmed a patient rather than from the existing disease or condition.
• No harm events – these are incidents that need to be communicated
across an organization to raise awareness of any harm that may
happen.
• A harmful incident means any
event or circumstance which
resulted in unintended and/or
unnecessary psychological or
physical harm to a patient during
an episode of health care.
Examples of Incidents that should be reported
➢ When a medications were prescribed to a wrong patient.
➢ Staff discovered patient with materials preparing to harm
themselves.
➢ The patient was about to eat the meal when the family
member realized that it contained something that the
patient has an allergy to.
➢Incident Report
➢Accident Injury Report
➢Near Miss Report
➢Incident Investigation Report
➢Fire Incident Report
➢Employee Incident Report
➢Vehicle Incident Report
➢General Staff Incident Report Form
➢Vehicle Damage Report
➢Event Incident Report
Reports must be well-written.
Poorly written reports can
hurt your credibility.
(Characteristics)
A complete report will cover the; who, what, where, when, why and
how.

Who was directly involved? Who was injured?

What happened? Include type of incident and enough details

Where did the incident occur?
When did the incident happen?
Why did the incident occur
How did the incident occur?
to paint a picture of the incident.
Location.
Date and time.
Was it accidental or intentional?
What factors contributed to the incident?
Being accurate also means being specific. Vague references do
not give readers much information, and they can mean different
things to different people. What is a “high fever,” for example?
When you are specific, everyone can come to the same
understanding.

Vague – The client had a high fever.

Specific – The client had a fever of 39˚C.
➢A fact is something that is known to be consistent with objective
reality and can be proven to be true with evidence.

There’s a difference between accurate and factual

• The fire destroyed nine homes is a statement of fact.

• However, further investigation may show that the fire destroyed
three homes and six outbuildings
• The first statement was found to be inaccurate.
➢An inference is a conclusion based on reasoning. It becomes
sound or believable if supported by facts.

Inference: We suspected that he was driving under the influence,

because we could smell alcohol on his breath and because his
speech was slurred.
Fact: Blood tests confirmed he had a blood alcohol level that
was twice the legal limit.
➢An opinion is a belief. It may or may not be appropriate to
include opinions in your report. However, if you do include
them, you should clearly identify them as such.

Fact: The driver had a blood alcohol level that was twice the
legal limit.
Opinion: The patient has a problem with alcohol.
• Date, time and specific location of incident
• Names, job titles and department of employees involved and
immediate supervisors
• Names and accounts of witnesses
• Events leading up to incident
• Environmental conditions (e.g. slippery floor, inadequate lighting,
noise, etc.)
• Specific injuries (including part(s) of body injured, nature and extent
of injuries)
• Type of treatment for injuries
• Damage to equipment, materials, etc.
➢Objective reports are fair and impartial, not influenced by
emotion or opinion.
➢An objective report includes both sides of the story and does
not favor one side or another.
Objective: Several witnesses reported hearing the couple arguing
about money. Mr. Reilly allegedly hit his wife in the face during the
argument. We found Mrs. Reilly with a bloody nose and a swollen
cheek.

Biased: Numerous witnesses reported that the couple had been

fighting because Mr. Reilly couldn’t hold down a job. Mr. Reilly
slugged his wife in the face because he was furious that she brought
up the subject. We found Mrs. Reilly with severe injuries to the face,
including a bloody nose and a badly swollen cheek

Biased: Several witnesses reported that the couple had been arguing
because Mrs. Reilly kept nagging her husband about being laid off.
Mrs. Reilly became so hostile that her husband momentarily lost
control and slapped her in the face. Mrs. Reilly claimed to have been
badly beaten, but she had only a little bit of blood.
• Being concise does not mean leaving out important details.
Rather, it means using words economically and omitting words
that do not add value.

Wordy: The engine company that arrived first on scene

immediately began operations to search the first floor of the
hotel and rescue anyone who might be trapped.
Concise: The first-in engine company immediately began
search and rescue operations on the first floor of the hotel.
• Describe your observations and actions.
• Note anything out of the ordinary, describe any discrepancies or
unusual circumstances.
• Describe what was damaged, as well as the type and extent of
damage.
• Identify the cause if possible and provide specific observations that
led to your conclusion.
Sample (Narrative)
A detailed study has been made on the fire accident that took place on the
2nd of March in our factory.
On the above-mentioned date, a huge fire had broken out around 11 a.m. in
our Welding Department. It spread so quickly that it consumed fairly a large
number of tools and spare parts. Above all, Mr.Sai, our chief welder was also
badly hurt. Luckily, he was the only person working at that time as the other
workers had gone for tea break. Immediately, fire men were summoned and
they extinguished the fire after battling for about half-an-hour. Mr.Sai was
hospitalized and he Is now recovering fast.
Under investigation, it is found that the fire broke out because of a short
circuit in the main line. As Mr. Sai had been welding at that time, the fire had
spread quickly. In addition, the wires had worn out and needed replacement.
All these had resulted in the devastating fire. The total loss Is estimated to be
nearly $50,000.
• The incident report should be submitted to an investigation
team to further study and look for deeper causes. An
investigation should be conducted by those who are competent
in collecting and analyzing information and evidence gathered
from the incident report
• The purpose of investigating an incident is not to find fault but
to determine the root cause and develop corrective actions to
prevent similar incidents from happening.
Give 3 Characteristics of a good Incident report.
• https://www.espressoenglish.net/difference-between-accident-and-
incident/
• https://www.safeopedia.com/definition/3310/incident-report
• https://www.examples.com/business/incident-report-writing.html
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incident_report
• https://www.assuranceagency.com/blog-post/4-steps-for-writing-an-
effective-accident-report
• https://www.smartsheet.com/free-incident-report-templates
• https://www.espressoenglish.net/difference-between-accident-and-
incident/#:~:targetText=Incident%20is%20more%20general%2C%20and,or
%20bad%2C%20intentional%20or%20unintentional.&targetText=An%20ac
cident%20is%20a%20bad,in%20some%20damage%20or%20injury.
Fin