FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN

ELEKTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIK

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

COMPUTER ENGINEERING WORKSHOP 1

BEEC1323 SEMESTER 1 SESI 2022/2023

LAB 1: JSA & HIRARC

NO. STUDENTS' NAME MATRIC. NO.

1. MUHAMMAD AL HAKIM BIN MALEK RIDHWAN B082210315

2. AKMAL ADAM BIN SAZALI B082210365

3.

PROGRAMME 1 BEEC

SECTION /
1/1
GROUP

DATE 13.10.2022

ROSZIANA binti HASHIM

NAME OF
INSTRUCTOR(S)

EXAMINER’S COMMENT(S) TOTAL MARKS

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Rev Date Author(s) Description
.
No.

1.0 10 JAN 1. Ahmad Nizamuddin 1. Update to new UTeM logo

2019 2. Update faculty's name
3. Change "course" to
"programme"
4. Remove verification stamp

2.0 11 OCT 1.Nurliyana binti Abd 1. Modified labsheet

2020 Mutalib

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1.0 OBJECTIVES

 To demonstrate understanding of JSA

 To identify types of hazard in work/lab area/home
 To make risk assessments using HIRARC
 To suggest risk controls to organization

2.0 EQUIPMENT

 PC
 Imaging device (camera/smartphone)

3.0 SYNOPSIS & THEORY

What is hazard?
A hazard is the potential for harm. In practical terms, a hazard often is associated with a
condition or activity that, if left uncontrolled, can result in an injury or illness. Identifying hazards
and eliminating or controlling them as early as possible will help prevent injuries and illnesses.

To perform a job hazard analysis, you would ask:

 What can go wrong? The worker’s hand could come into contact with a rotating object
that “catches” it and pulls it into the machine.
 What are the consequences? The worker could receive a severe injury and lose fingers
and hands.
 How could it happen? The accident could happen as a result of the worker trying to clear
a snag during operations or as part of a maintenance activity while the pulley is operating.
Obviously, this hazard scenario could not occur if the pulley is not rotating.
 How likely is it that the hazard will occur? This determination requires some judgment.
If there have been “near-misses” or actual cases, then the likelihood of a recurrence would
be considered high. If the pulley is exposed and easily accessible, that also is a
consideration. In the example, the likelihood that the hazard will occur is high because
there is no guard preventing contact, and the operation is performed while the machine is
running. By following the steps in this example, you can organize your hazard analysis
activities.

What is JSA?
A job safety analysis (JSA) is a method that can be used to identify, analyze and record;
1) the steps involved in performing a specific job,
2) the existing or potential safety and health hazards associated with each step,
3) the recommended action(s)/procedure(s) that will eliminate or reduce these hazards and
the risk of a workplace injury or illness.

What is HIRARC?
To achieve the objectives of Occupation, Safety and Health (OSH) at project site we need to
look into the HIRARC method which is the basis of safety and health. HIRARC is a compound
word, which is made up of three consecutive activities running one after the other. The activities
consist of Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control.

 Hazard Identification (HI) is the recognizing of things, which may cause injury or harm
to a person.
 Risk Assessment (RA) is the looking at the possibility of injury or harm occurring to a
person if exposed to hazard.
 Risk Control (RC) is the introduction of measures, which will eliminate or reduce the
risk of a person being exposed to hazard.

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4.0 PROCEDURE

PART 1: Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

1. Figure 1 below shows a worker performing the basic job steps for grinding iron castings.

Figure 1: Job Steps for Grinding Iron Castings

2. The identified job steps is as below:

Step 1: Reach into metal box to right of machine, grasp casting, and carry to wheel.
Step 2: Push casting against wheel to grind off burr.
Step 3: Place finished casting in box to left of machine.

3. Examine each steps to determine the hazards that exist or might occur. To help you
identify the hazards better, you may ask these questions:

 Are there hazards that would require the use of personal protective clothing and
equipment that are appropriate for the job?
 Are work positions, machinery, holes, and hazardous operations adequately guarded?
 Is the worker wearing clothing or jewelry, or have long hair that could get caught in the
machinery or otherwise cause a hazard?
 Are there fixed objects that may cause injury, such as sharp edges?
 Is the flow of work organized (e.g., Is the worker required to make movements that are
too rapid)?
 Can the worker get caught in or between moving parts?
 Can the worker be injured by reaching over moving machinery parts or materials?
 Is the worker at any time in an off-balance position?
 Is the worker positioned to the machine in a way that is potentially dangerous?
 Is the worker required to make movements that could lead to or cause hand or foot
injuries, or strain from lifting the hazards of repetitive motions?
 Do environmental hazards (dust, chemicals, radiation, welding rays, heat, or excessive
noise) result from the performance of the job?

4. After you have identified as many possible hazards that may occur, fill in your
observation results in Table 1.

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PART 2: Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control (HIRARC)

1. Consult your instructor to get a thorough understanding of what HIRARC is and the
necessary steps needed in order to do HIRARC.
2. Scatter around and identify 10 potential hazards in the surroundings of yours. Make
sure you snap a clear picture of the hazard identified and include it your HIRARC table.
3. Identify whether the hazard is a routine or non-routine category and record the data.
4. Identify the probability of the hazard to occur and assign score by referring to Table A.
5. Next, identify the severity if the hazard were to happen and assign score to it by
referring to Table B.
6. Get the overall hazard score ranking (hazard score = probability x severity).
7. Recommend risk control mechanisms for each hazard you identified and complete your
HIRARC table as in sample 2.

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5.0 EXPERIMENT DATA
Table A: Hazard Probability Score
PROBABILITY DESCRIPTION SCORE
Most likely to happen. 5
Might happen and not uncommon for it to happen. 4
Might happen in the future. 3
Unlikely to happen in a few years. 2
Nearly impossible to happen, or impossible to happen. 1

Table B: Hazard Severity Score

SEVERITY DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE SCORE
Catastrophic Death 5
Hazardous Permanent disability 4
Major Serious injury 3
Minor Light injury 2
No Safety Effect Minor irritation 1

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 Table C Action Matrix
Risk Description Action

A HIGH risk requires immediate action to control the

hazard as detailed in the hierarchy of control. Actions
15 – 25 High
taken must be documented on the risk assessment
form including date for completion.

A MEDIUM risk requires a planned approach to

controlling the hazard and applies temporary measure
5 -12 Medium
if required. Actions taken must be documented on the
risk assessment form including date for completion

A risk identified as LOW may be considered as

acceptable and further reduction may not be
1–4 Low necessary. However, if the risk can be resolved quickly
and efficiently, control measures should be
implemented and recorded.

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6.0 EXPERIMENT RESULTS

Table 1: Job Safety Analysis

JOB STEPS POTENTIAL HAZARDS RECOMMENDED SAFE JOB PROCEDURES

Step 1: Reach into metal box to right of machine, 1. Protective cover are cracked and some pieces 1. Change the protective cover to a new one
grasp casting, and carry to wheel. are ripped out before working

2.Sleeve shirt may be hit with the grinding wheel 2. Fold the long sleeve shirt to avoid hitting the
grinding wheel

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 JOB STEPS POTENTIAL HAZARDS RECOMMENDED SAFE JOB PROCEDURES

Step 2: Push casting against wheel to grind off 1. The hand may be injure from the grinding wheel 1. Wear an appropriate gloves when handling the
burr. when handling the metal metal.

2. Spark from the metal will injure the eyes 2. Wear wielding helmet to prevent eyes from the
spark.

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 JOB STEPS POTENTIAL HAZARDS RECOMMENDED SAFE JOB PROCEDURES

Step 3: Place finished casting in box to left of 1. The wheel will worn out after several use and 1. Change the wheel after several use to avoid
machine. may be slip out when use the same wheel too from worn out
much.

2. Spark from the metal will produce heat on the 2. Wear an appropriate gloves when handling the
metal. metal.

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Table 2: Sample of a HIRARC Table

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 RISK CONTROL
TYPE HAZARD IDENTIFICATION CURRENT RISK ASSESSMENT
SEQUENCE OF BASIC JOB
NO R= Routine RISK
STEP NR= Non RISK RANKING RECOMMENDED
Routine HAZARD EFFECT CONTROL PROBABILITY SEVERITY
SCORE LEVEL ACTION

CHANGE
SWELL/ CHANGE INTO
1 R FALL DOWN
KNOCKED OUT
INTO A 4 3 12 MEDIUM
NEW ONE
NEW ONE

PUT A
SLIPPED WHEN SWELL/ COVER IT WITH
2 NR WALK ONTO IT FALL DOWN
CAUTION 3 5 15 HIGH
FENCES
SIGN

REPLACE
FALL DOWN WHEN SWELL/ REPLACE WITH
3 R SIT ON IT FALL DOWN
TO A NEW 5 2 10 MEDIUM
NEW ONE
ONE

PUT A
UNCONSCIOUS/ PUT MORE
4 R SLIPPED OUT
DEATH
CAUTION 4 2 8 MODERATE
CAUTION SIGN
SIGN

CAUSE
PLACE IN PLACE IN
ASPHYXIATION AND UNCONSCIOUS/
5 NR CARDIAC DEATH
HIGHER 5 3 15 HIGH HIGHER
POSITION POSITION
SENSITIZATION

EXPAND
SLIPPED OUT AND UNCONSCIOUS/ INCREASE THE
6 R FALL DOWN DEATH
THE 5 4 20 HIGH
WIDTH
HEIGHT

CAUSE SHORT PUT A

UNCONSCIOUS/ 5 25 PUT A BIGGER
7 NR CIRCUIT AND
DEATH
CAUTION 5 HIGH
COUTION SIGN
ELECTROCUTE SIGN

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 RISK CONTROL
TYPE HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT
CURRENT
SEQUENCE OF BASIC JOB
NO R= Routine RISK RISK
STEP NR= Non RECOMMENDED
Routine HAZARD EFFECT CONTROL PROBABILITY SEVERITY RANKING ACTION
SCORE LEVEL

PUT A
SLIPPED OUT AND INJURIES/ PUT MORE
8 R FALL DOWN DEATH
CAUTION 5 5 25 HIGH
CAUTION SIGN
SIGN

BREAK AND
PUT A USE HIGH QUALITY
POSSIBLY GOT BLEEDING/
9 R STABBED BY RUSTED RUST POISON
COUTION 4 5 20 HIGH MATERIAPUTL TO
SIGN COVER IT UP
METAL

PUT A
UNCONSCIOUS/ PUT MORE
10 R FALL DOWN
DEATH
CAUTION 5 5 25 HIGH
CAUTION SIGN
SIGN

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7.0 QUESTIONS & DISCUSSION

1. What is hazard?

The potential to cause harm,including ill health and injury, damage to property,plant
product or enviroment, production losses or liabilities.

2. What are the control mechanisms for hazards?

There are two control mechanisms for hazards which are Elimination and
Substitution.Elimination removes the hazard at the source while for the substitution it is
say to use asafer alternative to the source of the hazard.

3. How do you differentiate between routine and non-routine hazard situation?

The primary difference between routine and no-routine hazard situation are the risk factors
involving an over exposure to radiation.Any operation that could potentially alter the
gauges perfomance from its origanal design specification.

8.0 CONCLUSION
(What have you learned from this experiment?)

From this experiment I have learned about the understanding of JSA. I have been able to
identify types of hazard in work/lab area/home.I also been able to make risk assesment
using HIRARC and suggest risk controls to organization.

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