[a PLOT AN IDEAL RANKINE VAPOR CYCLE AS SPECIFIED TO SCALES OF {cm = 0.9 J/Ka K. ENTROPY INITIAL STATE AT 14.4 Ka /cm* AB, 55.6° SUPERHEAT 1 WG. ATMOSPHERIC EXHAUST FIND. A) EFFIC\ENCY » BY WORN DONE PER CYCLE. AT STATE 1, 14.4 Ka/cm? AB, TSAT = 194.5°C TA = 194.54 55.0 = 250. 4°C $ H4 = 2928.5 KK $ S4= 6.75 KS/ta AT STATE 2, S2=S4 AT ATMOSPHERIC EXHAUST = 1.03 Hig /cm? AT STATE 3 1.03 K9/cm? HFS = 418.7 KU/Ka K 3 SF3 = 1.30586 hu /Ka H A) EFFICIENCY EFF = WCH2_ _ 2979.5 - 2451.6 HI-HF3 2928.5 = 419.7 ET = 9% Bd WORK Wo= M(H H2) = (4) ( 2928.5 - 2454. G) W_ + 476.9 KJ / CYCKE2. A SIMPLE STEAM ENGINE PLANT HAS BOILER FEEDWATER AT 95.6°C STEAM |S SUPPLIED TO THE ENGINE AT 7.03 ka/cm? AB 97% DRY ATM C EXHAUST STEAM RATE 9.3 KO PER IHP HR NM~ 37% GENERATOR OF 41.5% EFF. 1S DIRECT CONNECTED TD THE ENGINE >» FIND (AY NR (B) NT BASED ON IHP AND BHP (C1 NC T s AT STATE4. 7.03 #9/cmM3 AB,97 % DRY HA = 2699.3 W/o AT STATEZ + 4.03 K9 /cm? AB > 2-51 2 = 2982.0 H/ ha T STATE 3295.6°C 5 HFS - 400.52 KU/N9 A) NR NR = one = 2094.3 - 9392.0 = 3.20% HFS 289.3 -400.52 B) NT BASED ON \HPANDBHP ~ 2648 = 2648 (0.37) _ NT vcat-WrS) ” 9%3(2699.9- 400827 NT = 10.78% cy NC _ 9648NmNe_ , 2648(0.8710.915) NC > WORL-HF3) ” 9.3(-2699.9- 400.52) NC = 9.26 %3. PLOT A RANKINE VAPOR CYCLE AS SPECIFIED TO SCALES OF 1 cm = 20K) AND 1CM = 0.5 hd /K9 KH ENTROPY ALSO TO SCALE OF 1cm=0.5 hG/cm? AND 10M = 0.26M> INITIAL STATE 10.6 h9/em? AB 27.8% SUPPERHEAT EXHAUST 0.3 4a/cm? AB 92% DRY FEED 93.3%C QUANTITY (KG FIND (AYNR (BIYVORK (CNC T Ss AT STATE 1 , 10.6 KG/UM2 , AB TSAT 2181. GC Ti = 181.6 427.8 = 209.4°C Hi = 2847.5 WI/KG 5 54> 671925 ig AT STATE 2 92291 0.3 Havem2 H2= 2263.0 tu /Kg AT STATE 2’ 3 0.3 ha/cm? 3 92% DRY I= 24377 KI/K9 5 99’ = 7. 20029 1), AT STATES 3.0.3. Ng/an2 Kq T= 3908 ni/Ka 5 SF = 123050 4h AD NR eck By WORK NR THF W= M(H -H2) ~ 2941.5 - 9203.0 =(1)(2947.5 - 24377) e781 4 cq) nc Nee 2048 © 46102947 5-390.) NC- 16. 68%4. PLOT THE INCOMPLETE EXPANSION RANKINE VAPOR CYCLES TO SCALES OF Lom =0.5 Ka/am2 AND tcm =0.05 m3 FOR A QUANTITY OF IKg CALCULATE NR OF THIS CYCLE . INITIAL STATE 5.27 ka /cm? GA DRY AND SATURATED EXHAUST PRESSURE 4.05 K9/Cm2 AB RELE - ASE AT 1. 0 KO/ume AT STATE 15 5.97 Kaycm2 GA DRY AND SATURATED MI 5 2750.7 J/G t 91 =6.74748 UG + vt 2307 me AT STATEA > 1.05 K4/un2 GA 9 =54 HA = 2560.05/63 Va = 810.3.cm7%e 5 pa = AT STATE B PB = 105 Kavem2 AB Al STATE 3 5 1.05 k9/am2 3 HF = 40.9 4g § v3 = 4.044 om% AI STATE 2 5 S2- 54 1.05 + 1.03 = 2.08 2, 4B 5105 kam? 3 v2 = 1494 ane TABULATION « Pi = @3 Ka/om* AB. V = 0.307 m? PA = 2.08 ¥4/im? V2 = 0.8103 m? PB. 05 \9/am?, NB = 0.8103m? 2 05 kg /am Pa = 1. 484m? 3 = 1.05 ka/om? Y3 = 0.001044 m? va(PA -PB) NR = Wi - HAT 10.9 ee aE 910 (2.08 - 1.05) 2757-25606 + 10.9 2750.7 - 420.9PROB 4 BUT FOR INITIAL STATE 914 Ka/M2 AB 92% a5 k9/om? AB RELEASE AT L4l k9/an? AB K3/om2 AB 98% DRY 5. REPE DRY EXHAUST AT I 5 a14 Ke/om3 AB SA=S1 1096.7 an% VA = PA = $41 kg /am? AT STATE B5 PB = 1.05 9/7 UN? AB AT STATE 31.05 k9/ame HF = 42096 J/G VO = 1.044 AT STATE 2352 *S13 105 K9/UM2 $ AB V2 = 1424.7 ome 4 aC -PB) Hi - HA 10.2 NALS Ht AF (096 7)1.4-100) 27314 - 2414.4 t 70.2 2731-4 ~ 420.96 NR_= 15.4%@. A 75 KW TVRBINE GENERATOR HAS A STEAM RATE OF 12.7 KO PER KW KA STEAM AT 12.3 59/02 GA 55° SUPERHEAT EXHAUST 508 MM HG ABS FIND NG OF A SIMPLE VAPOR CYCLE INCOR - PORATING THIS UNIT. NC = 3599 W(AT - HPTY = 125 g Per fWHR AT 125 kg/cm? GA 247.4°C Hi = 2959.92 kJ/kg AT 50MM HG ABS HFS = 159.57 KI/KG Ne = 3599 2.7 (2592.32 -15.57)7 CONSTRUCT A SCALED HEAT STREAM SETTING FOR THE RESULTS OF 3 SEC 9-3 SCALE GCM HEAT \NPUT IN COAL BOILER = (1420)(2305 60.239) = 902.937 KCAL/HR T IN COAL = 02937, 0.709 = 110285 KCAL /HR ENGINE OUTPT ~ 977 %632.4 simon KCAL ZAR 7 - FRICTION LOSS ASSUMED AS 4% OF INPUT = 0.04 x 907140 = 3286 KCAL/HR WIRIT = ae pA = 286 KCAL AiR FEEDWATER HEATER = (1420390. 8)(0.930) ~ (i229 (t ~ 0129. 5)(o5. a > 113980 KCALY HR a PUM HEAT IN COAL BOILER LOSSES ENGINE OUTPUT ENGINE FRICTION LOSS FEEDWATER HEATER EXHAUST LOSSESERMINE PER CALCULATE THE GROSS VAPOR ICIENCY MAIN EXHAUST AT ON AND STATIC H3A VBA 26 KK 0.9 NN = -Hi= 2325.0 . 9.99 RY Hoa BY TRIAL AND ERROR AT_14.05 ka/Gm? AB 7 = 300°C 3042.34 kI/kg Sts 690412 KI/Kg K AT 0.21 kg/an? S2A=S4 HIA = 9298. 71 Ki/K9 Nin = 3042 34 - 2378.26 _ SoD hear” ORO AT STATE 28.7 1.03 K9/Gm *;AB352B = 7 = 9519, 5 KI/ ¥9 N AND RECORD SAME ON A COPY OF THE FLOW DIAGRAM 0.21 K9/ CM? AB 90% DRY NEGLECT FIFE EAD AY STATE 3A 0.21 AT 3YH3 * 2 0.21 K9/am? AB 90% DRY HAS OPERATING CONDITIONS AS SHOWN IN ALL FLOWS FOR A BOILER OUTPUT OF IK9 CYCLE EFFICIENCY AND PLANT EFF- i9/0m? AB = 154.09 /K9 = 1.01753 aMn?/G Ya (#2 -H2A) Y2 (3042 .34 - 2006 .43) ©. 07225 1-2 0.92 TS 4 Y2H3B - yIHA V3. Y2V3B +Y¥1V3A H3 = -07228)(990. 76) + (0.92775) (154. 09) HO. 204. Ku7K9 V3 > (0. 07228)( 1.0386) + (0.42 Jas ) (1.01753) Va = 1. bIgOS OM? Ze, Ha = 2044 Loiaoatis.2=02 H4= 65 -So KI/Kg 0.85 = 268.80 -26.4 H4~ 264 H4 = 265.84 K/kg HEAT BALANCE 0, 07226 (1600.43 -.340.16) AS ~ DoS . 94 a : ae H2’B H5 = 425,92 KID “jan 34-2698 °° 8 FoR 1 ko /nin 5047.34 - 2829 § ‘ Vv 0-FITIs PATRI H1’B + 2606. 43 KI/KG ads MY? = 0.07226 Kg/min AT. STATE 3B. 1.03 KJ/K9Gm? AB 923°C HOB = 390.76 7 KP 3B = 1.0386 on7/eVAPOR YCLE EFFICIENCY 0.427715 (8042.34 - 9375.26) +0. 07225(8042.84 - 2600. 43) W= @50.4 K/min Q + M(HI- #6) =| ( 9042. 84 ~ 425.92) = 2616.42 KJ /min NC= Weep 4 g a Ilo, 42 N = (24.96% (10.75 ) 9. CONSTRUCT A SCALED HEAT STREAM OF THE ENERGY FLOWS FOUND IN PROB 8 SCALE 6cm “HEAT IN COAL BOILER == 3042.34 - 425.92 « 2616. 42 KJ Amin HEAT IN COAL = 2616.42./0.% = 3488.56 K/min BOILER LOSSES > 0.25 /348g.56) 872.14 K/min MAIN TURBINE OUTPUT = 0.0277 (2042.44 ~ 2376.26) = GI@.85 Ki/min FEED PUMP INPUT POWER * 0.0726 ¢ 2042. 34~ 2606. 43) = 31.5 «/min CONDENSING WATER = 0.9277/9575 2b - M6Db 49) = 1.967. 3 J /mn ALSD HEAT IN CDAL> F967. @) 431.5 +G18.85 4 812.14 +3490.9 KI min HEAT IN COAL HEATER, BOILER LOSSES MAIN TURBINE _OUTFUT CONDENSING WATER,) A) NR = W/GA = 292.9/1124.6 B) Nw - WA/aA Jo, DRAW A FLOW DIAGRAM OF A RANKINE VAPOR CYCLE STEAM POWER PLANT STEAM ENGINE DRIVES |50 KW GENERATOR OF 90% ELECTRIC EFFICIENCY STEAM RATE @.7 K9 PER BHP- HR STEAM PRESSURE 10.55 69/0m? CA 55.6° SUPPERHEAT EXHAUST TO CUNDENSER AT 15.2 CM HG ABS NO FEEDIVATER HEATING MOTOR DRIVEN BOILER FEED PUMP FIND A) NR B) MB C) NC AI STATE 1: PA * 10.55 k9/cm? TSA H4 = 2917.45 ki /kg 2 185.5°C 311 = 185.5 455.6 = 24) 3 S41 = 6.82016 kJ/kg AT STATE 2: 15.2cm HG ABS 52254 2 = 2248.56 kS/kg AT STATE 3: 15.2 om ABS HF3 = 959.63 kJ/kg Ms =(150 kW); SIR) BHP 40.736 KW(6.7 kg /BHP-R) = 15193 #2 Qa = Ms (H1-#B) «(15193 /60 \(997. 45-2248 5G) = 11246 HW W =(15193 /3600)(2917. 45 - 2249 BO) = 282. akw WB > 150 = It0.7 KW wk = (50 KW 1667/1124. 6 No = WB/QA =Il. FIND THE OVERALL HEAT RATE AND THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF THE PLANT SHOWN IN FIG 2-41P. BOILER EFFICIENCY 15 75% STEAM FLOW TO PUMP WHEN GENERATING 350 kW {5 181.4 K9/hr, WORKING HEAD] ON PUMP = 112.8 M. NEGLECT MECHANICAL LOSSES OF PUMP AT.79 KO/Om® HG = 2710.4 KL/K? HF = 134.6) KJ/KQ ENTHALPY OF STEAM| 734.61 +0999 (2710.4 - 734.61) = 2766.3 K/K9 AT 98.9°C HF = 441.42 KU/Kg INCEASING OF ENTHALPY OF STEAM GENERATOR 27%. 3 - 414.42 - 2954.9 KI/KO STEAM USED = 350 __ (11.3) + 191.4 = 584.09 + 181.4 (0.736.(092) = 6022.3 kg/hr. RECEIVED HOM BOLER G02 3* Teék.3 x 0.259 INEUT TO ENGINE 54809 x2 760.5 x 0. 239x396 JENCINE OUTPUT [(95070. 13 x0.92) (032.4) FRICTION LOSS (1x0. 49% 350/0.136 ¥0 92 Y¥ 0.9911 (632.4) EXHAUST LOSS (DIFFERENCE) INPUT TO. PUMP [igl.4 1276.3 x0. 234x119.) WMP OUTPUT 0022.9 xiI2.% /496.9 x10> DAHAUST_LO&S (DIFFERENCE BALANCE BEFORE COMPUTING THE HEATER BALANCE THE PORTION OF THE ENGINE EXHAUST USED BY THE HEATER MUST BE FOUND THE MIXING AND HEATING ARE AT CONS- TANT PRESSURE ENTHALPY OF ENGINE EXHAUST. (3494. 4 5840.9) (4.19) = 2506.7 KI /KF LET Wo = EXHAUST STEAM ENTERING HEATER = 6022.9-W COLD WATER ENTERING THEN16.75 KI/K9 GOI. X 414.42 2506.7 XW + 76.79 (6022.3 -W) 9 K9/hr STEAM CONDENSED PER HR IE ENTERING HEATER = @022.% -830.9 ¥*5184.4 KO/nr EXHAUST = 52409 - @30.9 ~ 5004. 0 K9/hr. NTERING IN COLD WATER D4xIGID = 0.239 IN HEATING VALUE OF (OAL (9961.5 -5%S) /0. 76 BOIUR LOSSES 4515.5 x0-96 OVERALL HEAT RATE = 4512600 keal/hr /250 kW (4.19 KJ /KcAL) = 54033 KI /kWhr THERMAL EFFICIENCY = 5600/ OVERALL HEAT RATE ~ 3600 /54033USING EQNS &-7 AND @-10 DETERMINE THE STEAM RATE OF A TURBINE WHOSE CONDITIONED LINE IS ASSIGNED FROM THE GROUP GIVEN IN THE APPENDIX STEAM RATE = 2 — CONDITIONED LINE A Wi = 3152 KI/K9 H2 ~ 29D NI K9 = 2048 = chr STEAM RATE MoT 3.04 Kgshp CONDONED LINC B WA = 2I4d KIA HO = 2091 KI /K9 STEAM RATE + afer = 8.12 kg / bp-he CONDITIONED LINE C mw = 9409 KI/KG HL = 2260 KLKF CTKAM RATE FAO Ty = 2.85. kg /hp hr CONDITIONED LINE D Wi = 3385 KI/KQ WL = 22500 KS/K9 STEAM RATE = Bath= 293) = 5.83 KG /hp hr CONDITIONED LINE E Ht STTAM RATE = = —2048 _ Pot - 2316 CONDITIONED LINE F STAM RATE = = BK AKG HZ+ 2256K) Kg = 4.47 kg Zhp- hr WA = 2908 KIAKQ H2 -23ICKLFg Ln hi 290% - 2391S sar one le CONDIMONED LINE STEAM RATE Wi = 2760 KI/Ka HY =IITKI AS 21-2611 = ‘6.25 kg /hp. hr13. A RANKINE VAPOR CYCLE TYPE POWER PLANT HAS A TURBINE WHICH OFF RATES ON THE CONDITIONS LINE B APPENDIX WHEN GENERATOR QUTFUT IS 9450 KW. OTHER PLANT TEST DATA ARE: STREAM GENERATORS EFF 0.079 >STEAM FLOW 119 K9/min AVAILIARY PO OWNER USED 225 KW. CALCULATE THE HEAT BALANCE OF THIS PLANT AND EXPRESS GAME AS HEAT STEAM WING OaM HEAT INPUT IN| FVEL AT STATE 4 24 Gl 97cm? AB AT STATE 2 H1 = 914) KZN 29.4 nm HF AB HL = 2091 KS/9 = 10949 K/min BOILER OUTPUT =» M(H4-H3) = (719 GD) 3141-109. 49 = 26328 KW HEAT IN COAL = 36328/0.8% = 415/12 KW TURBINE OUTPUT = (717 /60)(9141 - 22917 = J018 KW GENERATOR OUTA/T = 9450 KW Av POWER USED = 225 kW HEAT IN CDAL BOILER LOSSES QONDENSING WATER14 PLOT THE IDEAL REGENERATE CYCLE OF MAXIMUM EFFICIENCY TU SCALES OF lcm» 40K AND Icm 0.75 J/G K. ENTROPY INITIAL STATE 14.00 h9/om, AB DRY AND SATURATED EXHAUST 0.11 9/cm? AB. CALCULATE NREC Al 14.06 _#/cm? AB DRY AND SATURATED. Hi = 2787.33 kG St = 6.4705 JZ -k AT 0.11 k9/cm? AB EXHAUST PRESSURE 2-51 X2 = 0,778! T2 = 47.92°C < = Get 4 23, 5 = 320.474 339.3) ee 33 in 1. 5 = 467.48 = 0.7781 (2399.37) -9 187 (467.48 49.1 sara in 4 2787.33 ~4.197(467.48) + 1143.4 Ss V5. COMPARE THE RANKINE VAPOR CYCLE WITH THE REGENERATE CYCLE OF MAX EFFICIENCY ON THE FOLLOWING BASIS FOR EACH » INITIAL CONDITION 2¢.19| Ka/On® AB 315.6°C »0.14 k9/an2 AB EXHAUSTS . FIND A) VAPOR CYCLE EFFICIENCY B) RELATIVES VOLUMES OF EXHAUST STEAM C) ko. M WORK (EFFICIENCY ) OBTAINED PER 3 GENERATED STEAM Wwe * HIRES AT YAPOR CYCLE EFFICIENCY AT STATE 1% 28.12 ka/em? AB 915.6'C WMo= 3041.17 K4Kg AT STATE2% 2.014 k/om? AB S2 = StX2 ~0.8108 V2 = 8.93415 m%kq He ~ 2140.12 Mg AT STATE 33 0.14 ka/em> AB H3 = 28.34 K/ kg NR = 904.7 -214G.12 og aig ow BLL 3041.7 ~216 .34 REG CYCLE OF MAXIMUM EFFICIENCY 52.17 $273.16 = 325.32 k Hie2= 2377.65 kJ/kg Tr - TS AT 28.12 S9/cm? AB= 209,90 973, 6 > 502.37 k NREG. = 9041.07 ~ (371.65) - 502, 12. 97) - I LN 325 NRtc = 35.8% By RELATIVE VOLUMES OF EXHAUST STEAM RANKINE VAPOR CYCLE AT STATE 2 V2 = 8345 m3/k9 MEGENERATE CYCLE OF MAXIMUM EFFICIENCY MO XOHFCO + 4.7 TF - 1143.1 ~ 4.18772 LN TRAD 4.187(352, 32)LN we Hf =.8108 (237.657) +4.187 602 37) - 1143) - Me 12%6.95 kS/ CI AT 0.14 kgm? AND H2 = 2296.25 kS/KG Vi = 9.52205 m?/kg ¥4 th WORK OBTAINED Ka. PER REGENERATED STEAM RANKINE VAPOR CYCLE : Ww oar = N24 kg m/ kg REGENERATE CYCLE OF MAXIMUM — EFFICIENCY oe Wo= WM - XHPC2 - 4.127 TF 443.1 44.1¢712 LN ap. a04l.17 - 0.8108(0377.66) - 4.187 (602. 37) +43. +4.187(282.22)] [ ww $3] w = 2m eel 75.94 K9-n/kgs YO. CALCULATE THE EFFICIENCY OF AN IDEAL REGENERATEVE CGE OPERATING WITH STEAM AT 31.64 90m? AB 399.9°C EXHAUST PRESSURE 25.4 mm HG ABS TF =1@7.€°C SKETCH CYCLE ON TS PLANE AT 31.64 kghm? AB 389.9°C Hi = 3228.23 JE 5 51 = 6.90364 KI/Kg -k AT 25.0 mm HG AB EXHAUST PRESSURE s2-S1 X2 = 0.803 T2 + WI3"C 312» IG.13°C $273.15 =299, 28k HFC2 = 249984 Iie TF = 187.8+273.15 = 460.99 k Nats ~ (9772.03 ~0 sp¢) -4 187 (4¢0.95) 4143.5 (099,99) LN 32R.23 ~ 4.187 (46095) +1143."7, PLOT THE IDEAL REGENERATIVE CYCLE ON T-SAXES TD SCALES 10M = 4DK AND ‘CM = 0.5 J/G K ENTROPY FOR A QUANTITY OF 1k9 INITIAL PRESSURE 42.16 Ka/Un? AB TEMPERATURE 537. @'C CONDENSER PAESSURE 0.07 K9/um2 AT TF = 204.4°C FIND NRE T '8 Kakm* AB 537.8°C = 3629.37 J 5 Sf = 7.18255 W/kg k AY 0.0) ka/em? AB EXHAUST PRESSURE s2=ct x2: 0.0575 312 = Silk HRe2 = 2410.10 J/G + TF = 4755K NREG + $599.37-0 SOR (2400.12) ~4.161(477.5¢) + 143.144.167 (9n8) NP 3029. 37 - 4.187 (477.88) 4143.1 Ss 1G. THE TLON DIAGRAM OF A ONE HEATER RECENERATE CYCLE 1S SHOWN CALQILATE THE NECESCARY QUANTITIES ANDDRAW A SCALED HEAT SIRTAM OF THE PLANT BASED ON 14 COAL INFIT SCALE 10M 2500 xI02J. ALL PUMPS ARE MURR. DRNEN AND COMBINED TAKt 1% OF THE GENERATOR OUTPUT. At ++ 29.17 M4/om? AB 917. 8°C HA 4 3094. 3 KI/K9 AT 2: 5.02 kg/m? AB 192.2'°C HL 2 2.815 .0 ki/Kg ATS 3 0.07 Kam? x? - 9, 29g HFS : 161.94 KS /kg 2572.0 KI/KAAL 4. H4 = HFS = IGl. 94 KI/K9 a 5 98.10 kgkm? AB «148.9 °C @28.77 ks /KQ wine PUMP WORK = 0. 01 (0:94)(0.92)(768.1) : (486. W) + 6.64- 4.21W/ HEAT BALANCE ©28.77 = W (2813.0) + (4-W(bl. 84) $6.04 -4.21W GI8.77 = 28IZ.0W +1Gl4-161-84W + 6.64 -4.21W Wo = @.491 a STEAM TuRBINe ouTPUT = 0.94 (2. 491) E(a094.3 - 2813.09] 4 (1- 0.41739)IIc¢z@13.0 = 2326.2)] = 54655 GENERATOR OUTPUT = 0.92 x5455, = 5019 KJ Tora PUMP WORK = 0.01 x5DI9 = GO KJ HT_= 23lo. 7 KJ/KG AT STATE & + G9.9 mmH9 ABS HO = 18.07 KU/ka 3 6@ = 0.0305 KI /Ka ie AT STATE 9 59-58 HI + 126.24 / 196.34 KI /ka AT STATESO : P = 0.93 x 0.03 = 0.5959 T = 92.08'c AT suRGe 1.03 §9/cm2 ABS AND @2.04°C WO + 349.49 KI /kg a STATE I: 9.9899 9/om* ABs SAT = 359.90 KS/KA ks si = hy i k AT STATE 12: 1.03 F9/am? ABS staan eo Wa» 355.4 KJ/Kq mate 14: P =1-9521 9/om? Ape Wid = 496.98 KI Acq * cme le. P= 28.94 Kglun Tete 3 4NC 5 Ts msaC 5 Hib > 441.26 MAy ATSTATE ]7. P= 6.6379 Kg/em™ Aas HIT = Gel. 7 ki/K9 AT STATE 8: P = 8€.94 ky Zan? 158. 64°C 5 HIa = 674. 49 KI AK STATE 19 5 P= 13.am K9Am? Hig ~ 14.92 KI /y AT STATE 2 5 P= 88-94 Kg/om? T > 188. s°C 5 H20 = 605.97 fgPe 79°C = 129%. 93 KI /kq HEATER No.2 HEATER ND.4 239709 + 298.¢7W His = 347.35 ¢ 1. 91W THERE FORE * 38.0 ks Hg = 356.9 Ki /K9 = 0.021g HEATER IN CDAL CONDENSING WATER, We H5 4 201. 70W - 431. 35 Oe ia WB + 0. 0998 WC = 0.0612 WD = 0.092 We > O.ac4c BOILER LOSSES19. A POWER PLANT INSTALLATION REPORTS TURBINE OPERATING CONDITION] LAYOUT A FLOW DIAGRAM OF PLANT THAT WOULD USE THIS UNIT COND- ENSE PLAN A AND B LOW PRESSURE HEATERS ASCUME 7 % PRESSURE DROP IN EXTRACTION LINES 2.8* HEATER TERMINAL DIFFERENCE AND LABEL DIAGRAM WITH REGUITING TEMPERATURES. T AT STATE |. 98.94 K9/am? AB 5 ID°C Hi = 9414.73 W/kK9 AT STATE 2: @@ 1$9/cm? AB H2 = 9224.4 KI/KO AT STATES: 14.27 9/cm? AB HS = 9093.7 KI /k9 AT STATE 4: 7.03 Ka/em? AB H4 = 28%. 7 I /KO AT STATES: 2.07 K9/om? AB HS + 2698.7 KI/K9 SB = 7.1009 KS/K Kk AT STATE G : 0. 63 kg/om? AB NG = 2585.2 6/K) S@=S5 = 2502.9 AT STATE 7: 69.9 mm Hg ABS H1s = 2240.9 KI/K920. THE TURBINE OF PROB 19 HAS FOLLOWING ND- LOAD PRESSURES INLET 5.62 89/am2 AB. E+ 1.76 k9/m? AB = 0.84 k9/em? ABC 0.I1 k9/an* AB. B 71.7 MM HG. A 69.8 mM HG PLOT THE CONDITION LINE TD SCALE OF 1CM = 50J/@ AND Icm = 0.25J/6 ENTROPY THEN ADD AN ESTIMATED CONDITION LINE FOR 70 % OF THE ORIGINAL LOAD AND LOCATE THE EXTRACTION STATES. STATE PT_| P_ KG/CM AB HK /_ ke [TEMP °C_JENTROPY KJ / KG *k | 5.62 9414. 73 7. 95 2No 1.76 3224.4 9.242 0.24 3033.7 8.23223 0.4 2298.7 208.4 | &. 2993 4 2 3 4 5a WM ke Abs | 2698.7 1o7.0_| 7. 9622 @ 44.4 g.b924 7 44.4 7. 101s 3 MM He abs [2532.2 G4e MM HC ABS] 22405 T21. LAY OUT THE FLOW DIAGRAM FOR A FOUR- HEATER RECENERATIVE CACLE TURBINE] TO BE EMPLOYED HAS CONDITIONED UNE E. APPENDIX ASSUME 5. °C DIFFERENCE TEMPERATURE BETWEEN FEEDWATER OUT OF HEATER AND SATURATION TEMBERATURE AT THE EXINACTION PRESSURE. ALGO TAKE CONDENSATE OVT OF HEATERS ATSAME TEMPERATURE AS FN OUT RE@RD TEMP ON ALL FLOW LINES OF THE DIAGRAM] ALSO PRESSURES AT BLECD FDINT. UNC EF APPENTAX THROTIUL, T= S12.8°C WIT = 580.54 = 229, 2°C a HID = 720.13 UAHAUST AT 31.8 mmiiG @ 30°C WI 0.0707 MAX TEMP AT 4 STATES IG'C W2 » 0.0620 TEMP Fist = 34°C HIG = 727.16 TW OUT HIRA «© Gate WOOT HIR2 » 99°¢ Fw OUT HIS = 132°C EXTRACTION SATURATED Temp Al STATE 5 417.06 ~ H14 ~ 2148. 0aW3 =o. 124.67 -20).02W -2995 IN) 0 HI2 -291.% -0.6403 —o.uqW4 oo 414 = 293. @ Ki /ig W3 696°C + 0.0574 AT STATE 4 = 103.6°C Wd 241.2 KJiK9 AT STATE 3 = 137.6°C THEREFORE AT STATE2 © 171.6°C HI © 291.0 KI/Kq AT STATE 5» 0.31 3/an® WA = 293.74 KI/kg AT State 4 = 1.179/ am Nh + Cow AT STATE 3» 275% Ki/kg sy ates AT STATE 2 » 2800 K5/kq Wa: iB: bake Ht = 3115 KI /Kq v H2 = 2800 kf P, » 237 Ki /Ky 4 «9582 ae ae to KI J, aaah Ko + 436.28 KI /K9 STB.) KIIRO22. EMPLOYING DATA AND RESULIS ESTIMATE THE THROTTLE AND EXTRACTION FLOWS KG/HR AT 94000 KW LOAD VSING FAN'S &-74 GID ALSO CALCULATE THE GROSS VAPOR CYCUF EFFICIENCY Ri CYCLES RESULTS IN MANNER SIMILAR 10 BAMPLE FRICION * FRICION = 0.510% GENERATOR EIFIcINCY : 0.9% — 5.04/RW/op RATING LOAD GENERAL FFFCIINCY =. 0.98 - 5.0//od4qo/iw = 0.9679 Wo 4(H1- 3) 4 (4-WOCH2-H3) 40W-A)-W2. CH-H4) W = 292.7 KSI THROTTLE FLOW M(ea2 7) Goa 0.1) (0.9677) = 94006 x 3000 EXTRACTION FLOW Mt = 0.0107 x 421174 = 90201 ka/hr 0,062 x 411174 20485 kg/hr 0574 401174 24540 kg/hr M4_= 0.0458 x 424174 sc all GRUSS VAPOR EFFICENCY = 94000 x3¢00 / mH - HIM) = 24000 x 3600 / 421174 (317. © - He) Cees 23. DESIGN A 2 HEATER RECEIVFPATIVE CYCLE FOR AFONEM PLANT WHDCE TURBINE CONPATION LINES ASSIGNED FROM THE APPENDIX CHART. HEATER, CONDENSATE IS HANDLED BY RAPS ALLOW 2.8°C HEATER TERMINAL DIFFERENCE AND 7°% PRESCURE LOSC IN EXT - ON LINES. ASCUME HEATER CONDENSATE CODLED 1D OUTGOING FW d DESIGN IN APPROXIMATELY TE SAME FASHION AS USED FOR JE DRAW THE FLOW DIAGRAM AND LABEL IT WITH HOURLY FL | ANY MAKE-UP WATER SUPPLY FEATURES DRAWING THE TA