_ Patented Feb.

‘ v14,, 1939v Y ' ’ ‘2441,4052

~ umrso STATES2,147,409PATENT OFFICE

NONCORROSIVE ANTIFREEZE LIQUID
Headlee Lamprey, Buffalo, N. Y., assignm- to
Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corporation, a
corporationof New York >
no Drawing. Application June 12, 1937, -
- Serial ‘No. 147,863
12 Claims. (01. z‘sa-s)
, The invention relates to new liquid composi freeze liquids, and these salts a?‘ord elfective
tions of non-corrosive and anti-freeze properties, protection for all metals of the usual cooling
which are especially adapted for use in the ?uid ' system, including iron, copper, brass, solder and
cooling systems of internal combustion engines. aluminum. The alkali metal tungstates, sele
It is particularly concerned with improved in nates, and molybdates, particularly the sodium" 5
hibitor materials for preventing metal corrosion and potassium salts, and also the corresponding
in automobile cooling systems employing anti ammonium salts, are soluble in the alcohols to
freeze liquids containing alcohols. an extent su?lclent to provide corrosion protec:
Many different alcohols have been used as tion, and are especially preferred for, their in- '
freezing point depressants in cooling ?uids, in hibitor action. Any one? of these compounds, in m
1
cluding methanol, ethanol, propanol, and other quantities of approximately 0.05% to 1% by
weight of the full strength alcohol shows a gen
monohydroxy alcohols, as well as the polyhy
droxy alcohols, represented by ethylene glycol, eral inhibiting function, and will maintain non
propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and glycerol. corrosive conditions in the various dilutions of,
15 In the compositions proposed by this invention the alcohol used as an anti-freeze liquid. The 15
any of these liquids may be used, and in the preferred concentration of inhibitor may vary
speci?cation and claims where an alcohol is re depending upon the particular alcohol employed
ferred to, it is intended to include all of the sat and the extent to which it is diluted in the cool
urated aliphatic hydroxy compounds or mix ing fluid.
Although not essential for satisfactory corro= 2°
29 tures thereof. '
The pure alcohols are not inherently corrosive sion inhibition, other known inhibitors may be
to metals, but under conditions of use in anti added and mixed with the above compounds.
freezeliquids, a corrosive action is often en For example, an alkaline substance, such as tri
countered through decomposition and other fac ethanolamine or sodium hydroxide, can be used.‘
tors. Usually the alcohol is diluted with water if desired, to impart a reserve alkalinity to the 25
to obtain a mixture of the freezing point desired, cooling ?uid, and thereby prolong the effective
and in circulation as a cooling fluid, it is con life of the essential inhibitor compound under
stantly subjected to agitation in the presence of conditions where severe acidity may be devel
air. This aeration, coupled often with general oped. Minor quantities of soluble or emulsi?s .3.)
30 or localized overheating, leakage of exhaust gas capacity,
able oils may
to impart
also beanti-leak
useful, particularly
properties intotheir
the t1‘:
and other foreign materials into the cooling sys
tem, and numerous other factors, all tend to in— ?uid mixture. Anti-leak agents of the nature of
duce corrosive conditions in the liquid, which gums, dyestuffs for coloring, and other additive
after prolonged use may become quite severe. materials heretofore employed in anti-freeze al- '
It has therefore been considered essential to pro~ cc-hols, may be used in admixture with a tung-i 35
3
vide means for preventing corrosive conditions in state, selenate or molybdate salt without destroy
alcohol anti-freeze liquids, and the most com ing or a?ecting the inhibiting function‘. of the
mon expedient consists in adding minor ouanti» latter.
ties of inhibitor materials to the alcohol. Many A specific anti-freeze composition, representa- '
40 compounds have been suggested in the art for tive of the invention is one employing ethylene 40
this purpose, but the e?ectlveness of known in glycol as the alcohol, to which there is added as I
hibitor compositions in maintaining protection the essential corrosion inhibitor 6.5% by weight _
for all metals of a cooling system over extended of sodium tungstate. In addition, about 2.0%
periods is not entirely satisfactory. by weight of an oil mixture, composed of 10 parts
45 It is an object of this invention to provide im of sulfonated neat’s-foot oil and 99 parts of min- 45
proved corrosion inhibitors for alcohol-contain eral oil, can be used, and as an anti-leak, 0.03%
ing anti-freeze liquids which will effectively pro of gum karaya has been found very e?ective.
tect all metals of a cooling system, and maintain Sodium selenate or molybdate can be substituted
substantially non-corrosive conditions in a cool for the tungstate in the above formula with sub
5@ ing ?uid employing an alcohol either in full stantially similar corrosion protection, and, in 50
strength or in dilution with water. another modi?cation, about 0.1% of a soluble
i have found that soluble salts of tungstic, phosphate or nitrate, such as sodium nitrate, can
selenic and molybdic acids are excellent corro=
be added, where further speci?c protection for
sion inhibitors when added in or quantities aluminum is desirable.
5g to any of the alcohols commonly used in anti» It be understood that the inhibitors of 55
 2 9,147,400
this invention are applicable in use with any of
the alcohols commonly employed in anti-freeze
compositions, and they are especially effective
with ethylene glycol, or other glycols and mix
tures thereof. Dilution with water, as is usual
in making the anti~freeze solutions, is not detri
mental to the corrosion protection, which is
maintained during normal usage of the cooling
?uid. Modi?cation in the speci?c formulae
mentioned can be made to suit any particular
alcohol and various dilutions thereof, and the
invention should not be limited other than as de
fined in the appended claims.
I claim:
1. A non-corrosive anti-freeze liquid compris
15
ing an alcohol and an inhibitor including as the
essential component a soluble salt of an acid of
the group consisting of tungstic, selenic, and
molybdic acids.
20 2. A non-corrosive antifreeze liquid compris
ing an alcohol and an inhibitor including as the
essential component a soluble salt ct an acid of
the group consisting of tungstic, selenic and
molybdic acids, in an amount about 0.05% to
about 1.0% by weight of the alcohol.
25
3. A non-corrosive anti-freeze liquid compris
ing ethylene glycol and an inhibitor including as
the essential component about 0.05% to about
1.0% of sodium tungstate.
30 4. A non~corrosive anti~freeze liquid compris
ing ethylene glycol and an» inhibitor including
as the essential component about 0.05% to about
1.0% of sodium selenate. _
5. A non-corrosive anti-freeze liquid compris
ing ethylene glycol and an inhibitor including
as the essential component about 0.05% to about
1.0% of sodium molybdate.
8. In a non-corrosive anti-freeze liquid con
taining an alcohol and an oil inhibitor, an es
sential inhibitor of metal corrosion composed of
a soluble salt of an acid of the group consisting
of tungstic, selenic and molybdic acids.
7. In a non-corrosive anti-freeze liquid con
taining an alcohol and inhibitors of an emulsi
?able oil, a soluble nitrate and a gum. an essen
tial inhibitor of metal corrosion composed of a
soluble salt of an acid of the group consisting
of tungstic, selenic and molybdic acids.
8. Method of inhibiting corrosion of metals by
an alcohol solution in contact therewith, which
comprises contacting said solution with metals in
the presence of an inhibitor including as the
essential component a soluble salt of an acid of
the group consisting of tungstic, seienic and
molybdic acids.
9. Method of inhibiting corrosion of metals by
an alcohol solution in contact therewith. which
comprises contacting said solution with metals
in the presence of an inhibitor including as the
essential component about 0.05% to about 1.0%
by weight of the alcohol of sodium tungstate.
10. A non-corrosive anti-freeze liquid compris
ing an alcohol and an inhibitor including as the
essential component about 0.05% to about 0.1%
of sodium tunsstate.
11. A non-corrosive anti-freeze liquid compris
ing an alcohol and an inhibitor including as the
essential component about 0.05% to about 0.1%
of sodium selenate.
12. A non-corrosive anti-freeze liquid compris
ing an alcohol and an inhibitor including as the
essential component about 0.05% to about 0.1% a‘
of sodium molybdate.
. HEADLEE LAMPREY.