.

al scalar VanatJle /-'rob/ems

~fii
OJ/II'
y [3.3 I]

K (200,400)

J (400, 100)

Fig. (i)

y
(x3, Y3)
(200,400)

(400, 100)
(x2, Y2)
X

X1 = 100 y 1 = 100

X2 = 400 y2 = 100
X3 = 200 y3 = 400

Young's modulus E = 2 x 105 N/mm2

'
r0ftnd.· S . Thickness, t = 20 mm
~
Sotur train- o·tsplacement matrix [ B ]
ton• W
· e know that
' ql 0 q2 0 q3 0
Strain-D·
isplacement matrix [ B ] =
1
2A -
0 r, 0 '2 0 r3
r1 q I '2 q2. r3 q3
... (1)

[From equation no.(3.15)]

Where q = Yi _ y = 100 - 400 == - JOO

' 1 3
. q = y _ Yf = 400 - I 00 == JOO ·
2 3
-q~· '= y -y2 == 100- JOO== 0
1
~ill_--------------~=-=---==---Finite
L3.32 I oo 200
El
~ n Q1}i:.
r1 = X3 -X2 = 200 - 4 = - ~
= 100 - 200 = - 100
r2 - X1 - X 3
r3 = X _XI
2
= 400 - 100 = 300

Substitute the above values in equation ( 1),

l-300 300 0 0

+]
0
-200 0 -100 0
⇒ [ B] = 2~ 0 '• ,[,,
-200 -300 -100 300 300

where, A - Area of the element

1 X1 Yt
- -l 1 X2 Y2
2
l X3 Y3

I~
100 100
- -2l 400 100
200 400

1
- 2x [ 1 (400 x 400 - 200 x 100) - l 00 ( 400 x 1 - 100 x 1) + I 00 (200 x 1- 400 x1

\ A = 45,000 mm2 j

Substitute A value in equation (2),

3 3 0 O O] ·
⇒
[ B] = 2 x 4~,000 [ - ~0 . - 2~0 ~0 - JOO 0· J~O
-200 -300 -100 300 300

[B] = 9~0 [ - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
- _ ]
- 2 - 3 -1 3 3 0
Result: Strain-Displacement t .
manx
3
[B] == - I [ - 0 0 3 0 0 ~OJ
900 - 2 0 -1 O
-2 -3 -1 3 3
 ·. scalar Variable Problems
'f11ef1SIOf1{1
1 l3.33 I
,~001
1
---·
5 . th e stiffness
Determine u-. matrix
m le 3•
~a nt strain triangular (CST) element y
consI a .
fD' tht .,, fig. (i). The co-ordznates are given in (50, 120)
1
shp>J!II ,nilfi,neters. Assume plane stress
ilS of
jlft . .. ,
tfiJJ0fJJ 0

¢1' E === 210 GPa, v = 0.25 and t = 10 mm

rake /Anna University, Dec. 2001}
- - 20 mm y 1 = 30 mm, (20, 30) (80, 30)
Gillen: Xt - '
______________.x
x2 === 80 mm, y 2 =30 mm.
x3 === 50 mm, y 3 = ·120 mm. Fig. (i)

y
(x3, Y3)
(50, 120)

(20, 30) (80, 30)

(x1, Y1) (x2, Y2)
L----------~X

Fig. (ii)
9
Young'smodulus,E - 2100Pa = 210x 10 Pa
- 210 x I09 N/m 2 = 210 x 10 3 N/mm 2
E - 2.1 x 10 5 N/mm 2
Poisson's ratio, v - 0.25
Thickness, I = 10 mm
A.ssurn
'fo Jin e. P1a~e stress condition.
. d. Stiffness matrix [ K ].
@solut·
ton: We know that,
1 ... (1)
Stiffness matrix, [ K ] = [ B ]T [ D l [ B l A
(From equation no. (3.39)]
Where , A= Area of the element

1 X1 Yi
1 1
= X2 Y2
2
1 X3 Y3
 i ~3~.3~4J_I- - - - - - - - - - ~ - - - - - - -__F_in-.:.:ite Element
J:
I 20 30
~
1 80 30
= 2
I 50 120

= ½x [I (80 x 120- 50 x 30)-20 (120- 30) + 30 (50-80)]

= ½ X [8100-1800-900]

I A = 2700 mm 2 I
We know that,

Strain-Displacement matrix l -B]

0 q2 ·, 0 q3 0
r 1 0 r2 0 r3
1
l
<J,1 ,r2 q2 r3 q3
_-[From equation no. (ll));
where; qi = Y2-Y3 = =
3ff:... 120 -90
q2 = Y3-Y1 = 120- 30 = 90
q3 = Y1 -y2 = 30-30 = 0
r1 = X3-X2 = 50-80 = -30
r2 = X1-X3 = 20-50 = -30
, r3 = Xi-Xl = 80-20 = 60
Substitute the above values in equation (3),

⇒ [ B ] = 2~

Substitute Area, A value,

[-90 0 90
0 -30
0 0
0 _-30 0
-30 -90 -30 90 60 6~ l
- I [-90 O 90 0 0
= 2 X 2700 O - 30 0 -30 0
-30 -90 -30 90 60 6fl
I
~
= 2X
302700 [-3 0 3 0
0 OJ
Q -] 0 -] 0 2
- I -3 - I 3
2 0

[ B] = 5.555 x [-30 -]0 3 0 -0 ,,'

(Jl

;]
IQ- 3
0 -] 0
-1 -3 -1
3 2
 . nal Scalar Variable Problems [3.3s J
,,,ens10
'{11'0 I
~
We know that, . . .
wain relat1onsh1p matnx [ D ] for plane stress problem is
su-ess~SLI_.
I v 0
E V I 0
[From equation no. (3.36)]
[ D] - I - v2 1-v
0 0
2
1 0.25 0
2.] X ]OS 0.25 1 0
- 1 -(0.25)2 I - 0.25
0 0
2

1 0.25 0 ]
- 2.1 X } 05 0 25 }
0.9375 [ . O ·
0 0 0.375

_ 2.} X }0
0.9375
5
X 0.25 [ ~ ~ ~]
0 0 1.5

[ D] - 56 x J03 [ O~ ~ ~
0 1.5
]
... (5)

:; [ D ][ B ] - 56 x 103 [ I~ ~
0 1.5
] X 5.555 X
3
0
} 0- [-~ -1

-1 -3 -1
3 0 0
0 -1 0
3 2

- 311.08 x [ I:l~J [~ =I -~ -r ~ n
-12+0+0 0-1+0 12+0+0 0-1+0 O+0+O 0+2+0]
- 3 11 .08 -3 + O + O O - 4 + 0 3 + 0 + 0 0 - 4 + 0 0 + O + 0 0 + 8 + O
[ O + 0- 1.S O + 0-4.S O + 0 - I.S O + 0 + 4 . .S O + 0 + 3 0 + 0 + O
[Note: (3 x 3) x (3 x 6) =3 x 6]

-12 -I 12 -I o 2] I I
- 31 J.08 -3 --4 3 --4 0 8 ... (6)
[ -1.5 --4.5 -1.5 4.5 3 0
[3.36 ]
Jl;~- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - -- - - -- --
Finite- ~
Ele1ne,11 I

We know that,

[-3 0 3 0 0
[ B] = 5.555 X 1Q- J 0 -1
-1 -3 -1
0 -1 0
3 2 ;] [From equation
no.4]
-3 0 -]
0 -1 -3
[B ]T = 5.555 3 0 -1
X 1Q-J
0 -1 3
0 0 2
0 2 0
-3 0 -1
0 -1 -3
⇒ [ B ]T [ D] [ B] = 5.555 x 10-3 3 0 -1
0 -] 3 X 311.08
[-12 -3
-1
-4
12
3 -4 0 8
-I O2]
0 0 2 -1.5 -4.5 -1.5 4.5 3 0
0 2 0

36 + 0 + 1.5 3 + 0 + 4.5 -36 + 0 + 1.5 3 + O- 4.5 0 + 0 - 3 -6 + 0+

0+3+4.5 0+4+13.5 0-3+4.5 0+4-13.5 0+0-9 O-8 +0
= 5.555 x 10-3 x3 I I .08 -36 + 0 + 1.5 -3 + 0 + 4.5
36+0+ 1.5 -3+0-4.5 0+0-3 6+O +0
0 + 3 - 4.5 0 + 4 - 13.5
0-3-4.5 0+4+13.5 0+0+9 0- 8+0
0+O-3 O+O-9
0-6+0 0-8+0
0+0-3 0+0+9 o+o+6 o+o +o
0+6+0 0-8+0 O+O+O O+l 6+
37.5 7.5 -34.5 -1.5 -3
-6
7.5 17.5 1.5 -9.5 -9 -8
[B]T[D][B] = 1.728 - 34 .5 1.5 37.5 -7.5
-3 6
- 1.5 -9.5 -7.5 17.5 9 -8
-3 -9 -3 9
6 0
Substitute [ B ]T [ D ] [ B ] a d A -6 · -8 6 -8 0 16
· n , t values 111 equation (I),

37 .5 7 .5 --34.5
- 1.5 - 3 -6
7. 5 17 .5
Stiffness matrix [ K ] 1.5 - 9.5 -9 -8
= 1.728 - 34 .5 1.5 37.5 N/rt1fll
- 7.5 -3 6
- 1.5 - 9.5
-7.5 17.5 9 -8
X 2700 )( JO
--3 -9 -3 9 6 0
-<> -8 6 -8 0 I
 . al Scalar Variable Problen1s (3.37]
0·11ens1on -------- .. ----~-
n,,o " 37.5 7.5 - 34.5 ---1.5 - 3 - 6 .
7.5 17.5 1.5 --9.5 - 9 - 8
-34.5 1.5 37.5 -7.5 - 3 6
[ K] 46.656 X ] Q3 N/mm
-1.5 -9.5 -7.5 17.5 9 -8
-3 -9 -3 9 6 0
-6 -8 6 -8 0 16

Result: Stiffness matrix [ K ]

37.5 7.5 -34.5 -1.5 -3 -6
7.5 17.5 1.5 -9.5 -9 -8
-34.5 1.5 37.5 -7.5 -3 6
- 46.656 X }Q3 N/mm
-1.5 -9.5 -7.5 17.5 9 -8
-3 -9 -3 9 6 0
-6 -8 6 -8 0 16

[Note.· It may be noted that the stiffness matrix properties are satisfied.

1. [ K ] matrix is symmetric.
2. The sum of elements in any colun1n is equal to zero.]
 ~- .... .
Q86. A beam with dimensions shown in Figure is attached to a machine. If resonance occurs, what will b
the first mode_of vibration? Why is this mode occurring fir~t? Determine the fundamental frequency Q
the beam.
y

LSm -SOON
~
z

Figure
X J 3 cm
6cm

[April/May-19, (R13) Q16(a). I I Model Paper➔t, Q1a(bfl

Ans: 500 sin 45° = 425.45 1 N ·'

1.5 m
,◄
Figure (1)

SIA Publishers ·& Distributors Pvt. Ltd.

unit ~1 ___:_ ~!._
1_: Dime ns io na l Prob!~.'.~
...------·Length of the beam , / = 1.5 111
Area of cross-section. A =3 x 6 = 18 c n, 2
A = 18 X 10"' 111 ~

Assume.
Young's Modul us, E = 200 GPa
= 200 x 109 N/m 2
Density of steel, p = 7850 kg/m 3
. . 3 X 63
M oment of mert1a..
.
I= - -
12
= 54 cm 4
I = 54 x l o-s m4
Stifi?ess matrix for the beam element is given by,

EI
12 6/ - 12 6./
61 4/2 -61 2/2
j
[K]= 7 - 12 - 6/ 12 - 6/
61 2t2 -61 4I2
12 6(1.5) , - 12 . 6(1.5) )
' 9 · 2 2
200 x lQ x 54 x lO-S 6(1.5) 4(1.5) -6(1.5) 20 .5)
(I.5/ - 12 -6(1.5} 12 -6(1. 5}
6(1.5) 2(1.5) -6(1.5) 4(1.5)

T'
v1 01 Vz 02
12 9
9 9 -9 4 .5 01
-12
[K] = 32000
- 12 -9 12 .. -9 Vz
9 4.5 :_9 9 02
Mass matrix for the beam element,
156 221 54 -13-l .
· pA L 22[ 131 -3t2
4t2
[M] = 420 54 13 / 156 - 221
2 2
-13[ -3 1 - 22/ 41
156 22(1.5) 54
2 --130 .5}1
7850 x l8 x I0-4x l.5 220.5) 4(1.5) 13(1 .5) - 3 (1.5 ) .
420 54 130 .5) 156 - 22 (1 .5)
2 2
-- 13(1 .5) --30 .5) --22 (1 .5) 40 .5)

\/1 01 \/2 82

156 33 54 -19.5!
v,
33 9 I 9.5 --6.75 81
[M] = 0 .0504 54 )9.5 156 - 33 \/2
--19.5 --6.75 - 33 9 °;
Finite element eq uation for bar element is g iven by,

[[K] --u/ [M ]]{8} = { F}

32000
9
12 9 -- 12 9
9 --9 4.5
- o/ 0.0504
33
156
54
9
33
19.5
19
156
f
54.5 - 6.75
- 33
-195llrl [
81
v2
0
= -425.451
l
-- 12 - 9 12 --9 - 19.5 --6. 75 - 33 9 82 0
9 4.5 --9 9
·----51A Publishers & D';~trit:,~.i fors _Pvt. Ltd_-·-
 Finite Eleme nt An a lysis (Anna U n ~
Applying the boundary conditions to [K] and [M].

On applying the boundary conditi.ons [K] and [M] can be writlen as,

[32000[12 -91 - 20 0504 [156 - 33]]{Vi }={-425.45J}

- 9 9 · co · - 33 9 02 0
Let, co 2 = 11,

... (I)

Characteristic equation is given by,

I[[K] - 11,[M]] I= 0

12 9 156 33
32000[ - 1-0.0504A[ - 11 ':"0
·1 -9 9 . -33 .9

384000 .-,-288000]-[ 7 .86211, -1.66311,] I =

. I[-288000 288000 - 1.66311, 0.45311, 0

384000 _ 7.862/\. I
-'-288000 + 1.66311,] =
I[--288000 + 1.66311, 288000 -- 0.45311, 0

(384000 - 7.86211,)(288000 - 0.45311,)- (-288000 + l.66311,)(-288000 + l.663A.) = 0

11
1.105 X 10 - l 73952/\.-226425611, + 3.56111,2 ...:. 8.294. X 10 10 + 478944A. + 478944A.- 2.766A.2 = 0 .
0.79511, 2 - 1480320A. + 2.756 X 10 10 = 0

\=.·1843230.173 .

A,2= 18,807 .563

\ = (0~ = 1843230.1 ~3

(01 = ✓1843230 . 173

o)
1= 1357.656 rad/sec
A.2= co; = 18807 .563

. (02~ ✓18807 .563 .

co 2= 137.14 rad/sec

Fundamental frequencies are, ro 1 = 1357.656 rad/sec

co 2 = 137 .14rad/sec
From equation (1),

[ 21333.333 [ -129 --91

9 -- 0.050411,0 [156
--33 --33]]{v
9 2}
02 = {--425
0 .45}

For\ = 1843230.172,

[[ 384000 --288000] -- (0.0504)(1843230 . I 73)[156 --33]]{v2} = {~25.45}

-:-288000 288000 --33 9 02 0

384000 --288000]- 92898 _8 [156 --3.3]]{v2} = {-425.45} .

[[ -288000 288000 --33 9 02 0

SIA Publishers-& Distributors Pvt. L°fd:-----..

· 't ,, • on·e Dimensional Problems
1)01 •-::s._•- - - - - - - - - ~
.,....- [[ 384000 -288000] - [14492212.8 - 3065660.4]]{v2 ) - {-425.45}
- 288000 288000 - 3065660.4 836089.2 02 - 0
-14108212.8 2777660.4]{'\/2} - {-425.45}
[ 2777660.4 -548089.2 02 - 0
- 14108212.8 v2 + 2777660.4 02 = -425.45

277 7660.4 v2- 548089.2 02 = 0

v2 = 0.0135 m

02 = 0.0688 rad

For A.2 = 18807.563,

From equation ( 1), . . _

384000 -288000] [156 -33]] !V2) {-425.45}
[[ - 288000 288000 -(0.0504)(18807,- 563) -33 9 02 = 0

384000 ~288000]- 947 901 [156 -3311·1V2) = {-425.45}

[[ -288000 288000 · -33 9 02 0 .
384000 -288000]-[147872.556 -31280.733]]!\/2) = {-425.45}
[[ -288000 288000 -31280.733 8531.109 02 _0

236127.444 -256719.267]!V2) = {-425.45}

[-256719.267 279468.891 02 0
236127.444 v2 -256719.267 02 =-425.45
-256719.267 v2 + 279468.891 02 = 0
On solving the above equations,
v2 =-1.390 m
02 = - 1.277 rad
First Mode of Vibration

t i1-0,0135
C 1.s:
E !,.:::::::~---------'-~ Length of
~ the beam+-
~
0
Figure (2) : First Mode of Vibration

Second Mode of Vibration

I 1.5
0 • , th uf beam ~
I
I
I
I

( 1.390)

. figure (31: Second Mode of Vibration

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 k;1JMfl Finite Element Analysis (Anna Uni1terft .
088. A shaft of length 2000 mm and diameter 8 mm V V7. V3 ~
carries a pulley weighing 100 N at the centre.
If the shaft is mounted on both ends in self
alignin·g ball bearings, determine the first
(t., I i == m I
U;e,
/ = lm
(1,.,
I• •I<
~ ""
i •I
natural frequency and plot the mode shape.
E = 200 GPa and p = 0;78 x 108 kg/m 3 , figure (2): F.E Mod_el

12 6/ -12 6/ v 1• e
J'
v2• e2'
vJ' 8 3 are the nodal displacement at nn,1.
· u111:1

Stiffness Matrix· [KJ8 = EI 61 412 -6/ 212 1,2,3.

3
' / -12 -6/ 12 -6/
6/ 2/2 -6/ 4/2 Stiffness Matrix

156 22/ 54 -13/ For element (1),

2
[M]" == pAI i21 4/ 13/ -3/2 12 6ll - 12 6/1
. 420 54 13/ 156 -221 EI 611 4/: , 4l/1 2L2
. I
-13/ -'-3[2 -221 4/2 [Kl]= -3 - 12 -6/1' 12 -6/1
/I
6/1 2/12 -6/1 4/2I

12 6(1) -12 6(1)

200 X 10 9 X 2.0106
2
X 10-IO 6(1) 4(1 ) -6(1) 2(1 /
3 -12 -6(1) 12 --<i(l )
(l) 2 ,
6(1) 2(1) -6(1) 4(l f
2 3 4
12 6 -12 6 1
No. of points Location . 6 4 -6 2 2
WeightW; [Kl]= 40.212
-12-{) 12. -6 3
1 I;, =0.00000 2,00000 6 -2 -6 4 4
2 1;,, 1; =± o.57735
2 1.00000 For Element (2), •.

3 s,, 1; = ± o.77459
3 0.55555
12
6/2 -12 6/2
2· 2
~ = 0.00000 [K] = EI 612 4/2 -6/2 21 2
0.88888 2 /2 -12 - 6/2 12
2 -6/2
Ans: April/May-19, (R13), Q16(b) 6/2 2/22 -6/2 4/2
2
Given that,
. 12 6(1) -12 60)_
200 x I09 x 2.0106 x 1Q- 10 6(1) 4(d -6(1) z(ll
Length of the shaft, / = 2000 mm = 2 m 3
(1) - 12 -<>(I) 12 --o0.11
Diameter of the shaft, d ~ 8 mm = 8 X I 0-3 m , ·I
6(1) 2(1 f -6(1) 4(1 ) l
Weight of the pulley, W = 100 N 3 4 5 6
12 {i - 12 6 3
Young's modulus, E = 200 GPa = 200 x I 09 N/m 2 [K2] = 40.212 6 4 -6 2 4
- 12 - 6 12 -6 5
Density, p = 0.78 x l 06 kg/m 3
6 2 - 6 46
· n n 4 Global stiffness matrix is .
Moment of inertia, I = rf = x (8 x I 0 - 3) given by,
64 64
[K] =: [Kl] + [K2]
I = 2.0106 x 1() · 10 m4
2 3
4 5 6
IOON 12 6
- 12
6 6 0 0
4 -6 ,2
== 40.212 ·- 12 - 6 12 + 12 - 6+6 O 0 2
· I• 2m
~
I 6 2
- 6 +6 4+ 4. -12 6 3

,-,.·: .,',.,. . .. ...f.it'lr• (1h ~ with Be■rinp ~ ~

- ~2 -6 ~ ~;
2
~,~~" )?jf' i!!:,' :·: . . .. · . . SIA Publi•'->c&. Di•tribulor• Pvt. lt,17'= · . -6 4• ,.6•
.'
_: ,f:. I!

I .
I
 'I .z: Orte Dime nsio n al Problems
pl
12 6 - 12 6 0 0
6 4 -6 2 0 0
[K] = 40.212 - -
12 - 6 24 0 -- 12 (1
6 2 O 8 -6 2
0 C - 12 - 6 .12 - 6
0 0 6 2 -6 4

fsss ]\1atrix,
relement (1 ),
156 22/1 54 -13/I
pAILI 22/1 41; 13/1 -3/2I
[M,]= 420 54 . 13/1 156 -22!I
2
-13/1 -3/2I -22/
. I
41 I
1t 2
A I =A 2 = -d
4
~ 1t ( 2
=4 X 8 X 10-3)

A,= A 2 = 5,026 x 10-s m2

156 220) 54 130)1

5
0 .78 x l0 6 x 5.026 x l0- x 0) 220) 13(1) =3(1/
4(1/
[M,] = 420 · · 54
2
13( 1)
156 -220)
2
-130) -30) -220) 4(1)

1 2 3 4
156 22 54 -13 1
22 4 13 :. .-3 2
[MJ.= o.o 9334 54 13 156 -22 3 .
.:....13 -3 - 22 4 . 4

Similarly for element (2),

156 22/2 54 -1312
4/; 13/2 -31;
13/2 156 -22_/ 2
2 .
-1312 _;_ 3z; - 2212
4/2
156 22(1) 54 . - 13(1)
2 2
0.78 x l0 6 X5.026 >< 10- 5 >< (1) 22(1) . 4(1) 13(1) - 3(1)
420 54 13(1) 156 - 22(1)
2 2
- 130) - 3(1) - 220 ) 4(1)

4 5 6
3
156 22 54 - 13 3
22 4 13 - 3 4
[M2] = 0.09334 54 13 156 - 22 5
- 13 -3 - 22 4 6
Global mass matrix,
[M] = [M1] + [M2 ] 4 .5 6
l 2 3 0 I
-- I3 0
22 54
156 -3 0 0 2
4 13
22 }56 + 156 - 22 + 22 54 - 13 3
54 13 4+4 13 ·_3 4
= 0.09334 - 13 -3 _
- 22 + 22
13 156 - 22 5
0 54
0 -3 - 22 4 6
0 -13
0
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 Finih' Ekrne11r Analysis (Anna Un ivers-
. ... . ·-· · ~-----~
15(, Y)
5-1 [.\ () ll
'll,jj \

,,, -I
:q [_,
l.'
3 12 0
' ()

5'-1
(l

..
', '
[.\II = 0.l),>3.1-l
-U ~

·- ' l) ~
'
IJ - .'

0 0 5-1 1.; 156 22

,1
0 0 - 13 _\
-- 4
Finite element equation t0 r R b,•nm ek m,' n! i~ ~iY,'ll by,

12 6 -- 12 6 156 ,, 5-1 - 13 0 () )

6 4 -b 2 0
0 ll
() 2'2 -I 13 - .'' () 0 ,, t
01 O
0 \
u
40.2 12
- 12
6
0
----6
2
0
24 () - 12
0 8 -6
- 12 -6 12
6
2
-6
' 54
- rn "0.0933-1
3 12 0 54 - 13
- 13 - 3 0
0 {)
8 13 - 3
54 13 156 - 22
( -1-~o
I',
·'
0
0 0 6 2 -6 -I 0 0 - 13 - 3 - 22 4 0.1 0 .
Applying the boundary conditions.

''i = o. r, = o. e: = o
4 --6 o · 4 13 o f01 o
40. 212 - 6 24 6 - 0.093 34ci u 312 --13 ,.2 = .:.100
l I l
0 6 4 0 - 13 4 __ 0, 1 0 1 1 1
Let, A= co2,
4 ----6 0 4 13 0
40.2 12 -6 24 6 - 0.0933-IA 13 312 - 13 ... \.
I 1
0 6 4 0 ..:.13 4
Characteristic equation is given by.

![KJ -1.(MJI = o
4 -6 0 4 13 0
40.2 12 -6 24 6 - 0.093 34,, 13 312 - 13 =O
0 6 4 0 --13 4

160.848 - 24 1.272 0 73A 1.2 13,, 0 [OJ

- 24 1.272 965 .088 24 1.272 - l.2 13X 29 .1221). - 1.2 13). =O
1 0 241.2 72 160.848 0 - 1.2 13). 0.373A
(160.848 - 0.3731.) (- 241.2 72 - 1.2 13A) O
(- 241.2 72 - 1.2 13), ) (965 .088 - 29. 122".) (2 4 1.272 + 1. 2 l3t.. )1 = O
O (24l.2 72 + 1.2 13A) (160.S48 - 0.373t..) '

( 160 848 - 0.373t..) ((965 .088 - 29. 122".)( I 6(U-:4S - 0.37H) - , 2-11 17"> + I ,, I' •) -~ ,
. · . ' ·- - ·- JI\, l-" -tl .::!72 + 1. 2 13;.. )]

-{- 24 1.272 - l .2 13),)[(- 2-1 1.272 - 1.2 13,, ) ( 160 .8-1 8 - 0 3 7H )l = O

( I 60.848 - 0. 373), ) [f(965 .088 ,._ 160.848) - (%5 .088 '- OJ 73A.) - (:! l) l1 ">t.. x I'- () S , 1)]
. · -- v . -.s) + (29. 1::i 2;_ :-. tu n"
_ [(24 1.212 ,._ 24 1.n 21 + l2-11 .n2 1.2 13),) -~ ( 1.21.n x 24 1.211 ) + , 1 ") ~.
x
. - ' ·-
1J I\,>- 1. 2 1.n m
+ (241.2 72 + 1. 21., ,. ) j(- 24 1. 272 >-- 160.8-I R) 1· (2 -1 1. 272 , LU 73)._ ) - ( I " ~
..:. l., t.. '- 1(, 0.~.:!S)
+ ( 1.2 13,. >. <U 73 ).) I O 0
~

( 160.848 - 0.3 73 1,) ! l :i52 n .47-l - .1:i 9.t) 77)._ - -l(,X-1.2 15).. i 10.X(, 2),-' :it.P l ~
•· - - 17 7 - 292 .662"- - 292.66~A
- I .471t/ ] + (2:t l. 272 1 1.2 11}, ) j ] XX U8 . II X ' :,< •Jl) lJ.j )._ - 19:i . lllX 1< -! O ''i '))'
. .. . - I\ -J "' 0
SIA Publ}s.hers _&_Distributon Pvt. -Ltd.
_ , 1. r • •

I
1,
\ I
 ,e Dimension al Problem s
i: 0 J ----------
v (160.848 - o. 373 i) [ 97 020.297 - 5629.516A. ·I· 9.391 t.. 2] -1- (241 .272 + 1.213A)
[- 38808.118-105.li4A.+0.452A.2] = 0

((160.848 x 97020.297) - ( 160.848 x 5629.516A) + ( 160.848 x 9.39 I A-2) _ (0.373A x 97020.297)

+ (0.3 73A X 5629.5) 6A.) - (0.3 73A. X 939 l').._2)] + [-(24 J .272 X 38808. 1J8) - (24 J .272 1/ ) 05 . 1J 4/s)

+ (2 4 1.272 x 0.452A. 2) - (1.213A. x 38808.118) - (1.213A x I 05 . 114A) + ( 1.213 A x 0.4 521} )] =O

J5605520. 73 - 905496.389/s + 1510.5211,2 - 36) 88.57A + ~099.8091/ - 3 .502/s3 - 93633 J 2.246 -· 253 61 J)fiSt,

+ 109.05A2 - 47074.24711, - 127.51..2 + 0.548;>..3 = O

6242208.484 - 1014120.271A. + 3591 .87911,2 - 2.954t..3 = O

\ = 6.294
/c2 = 778.37

1c3 = 431 .272

Natural frequencies,
2 - ~
(1)1 -11..1

(I) I = y r-;:
/1..1

= / 6.294
w I = 2.508 rad/sec
(1)1
J;= 21t
2.508

J; =: 0.399 Hz
2
ffi2 = 1c2
(1)2= .;r;
= / 778.37
w2 = 27:899 rad/sec
. (J)

1;- 2~
27.899
2n
J;= 4.44 Hz

(JJ J =· A
= /431.272
(J} J = 20.767
/,=
3
~
2n
20.767
2n
.f;= 3.305 Hz
__ her• & Dittributors Pvt. Ltd.
- SI~ publl• _
flt!~
For\ = 6.294.

From equation ( l ),

4 -6 o .4 13 o o,
40. 212 - 6 24 6 - (0.09334 x 6. 294) 13 3 12 - 13 (? _
f 0
= · ~)0
I
0 6• 4 0 - 13 4 . ~ .

~ ;! ~ -
3
40.212 0.587 l~ 3\ 2 - ~3 .. 1~;1·
= j - 1°00)
. 0 6 4

160.848 - 241.212 o
0 - 13 4

2.348 7.631
0)

- 241. 272 965 .088 241.272 - 7.631 183 .144 - 7.631

0

o lllo,,,;
.

l
=
o
I- 100 j
1 0 241.272 160.848

158.5 - 248 .903

0
o
233 .641 158.5 03
1
0

10
o
- 248 .903 781.944 233 .641 Vi = - 100
0
lI l
- 7.631 2.342 0J 0

158.50 1-248.903V2 = 0
~248 .9030 1+ 78I.944V2 + 233.6410 =-100
3
233 .641 v2 + 158.50 = o
3
From equation (2),
158.50 1= 248.903 v2
. • . f.
248.903
81= 158.5 v1 = 1.57 v2
From equation (4),
233.641 V2 =-l58.50 3 .

- 233 .641 .
03= 158.5 i,; =-1.474 V2
From equation (3),

- 248 .9030 1 + 78l.944V2 + 233.6410 = - 100

3
- 248.903(1.57 V2) + 78 l.944 V2 + 233 .641(- l .474V) = - t 00

-390.777 v2 + 781 .944 v2 - 344.386 v = -1 oo

2

46.881 v2 = - 100
- 100
V2 = 46.881 = - 2. J 33 Ill
V2= -2 .133 x 10- 3 mm
First Mode

f
cOJ
E
OJ
(J

"'
0..
-~
a
o, --,...,._______
1m

: l.cngth o f
: - 2.133 II l'
: It: >earn--..

Figure (3): First Mode