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Project 2 Final
Project 2 Final
CHAPTER 1:
INTRODUCTION
Rahul enterprises is an ISO 9002:2008 certified company established in the year 2004 has
today grown to be the foremost engineering company for high quality industrial ovens, heat
treatment, furnaces etc.
Rahul enterprises, since last 9yrs they are supplying furnaces to reputed steel and non-ferrous
industries, both in India and abroad. They have developed wide range of furnaces which are
well suited to particular needs. They manufacture electrically heated as well as oil, gas and
dual fired furnaces with high thermal efficiency. Temperature control is fully automatic with
accurate, desired results. Unfailing quality and service has ensured wide acceptance for their
furnaces in all industries.
Working capital is the difference between the inflow and out flow of funds. In other words, it
is the net cash inflow. It is defined as the excess of current assets over current liabilities and
provisions.
Working capital may be regarded as lifeblood of a business. Its effective provision can do
much to ensure the success of a business, while its inefficient management can lead not only
to loos of profits but also to the ultimate downfall of a promising concern. The cost increased
by organisations due to wrong planning of working capital is immeasurable
MEANING:
Business organization requires adequate capital to establish and operate their activities. The
total capital of a business can be classified as fixed capital and working capital. Fixed capital
is required for the purpose of fixed assets like building, land, machinery, furniture etc. Fixed
capital is investing in current assets is called working capital.
The capital which is needed for the regular operation of business is called working capital.
Working capital is also called circulating capital or revolving capital or short term capital.
Working capital is used for regular business activities like for the purchase of raw materials,
for the payment of wages, payments of rents and of other expenses. Working capital is kept in
the form of cash, raw materials inventory, stock of finished goods, bills receivables etc.
Working capital management establish the best possible trade-off between the
profitability or net current assets employed and the ability to pay current
liabilities as they fall due
DEFNIATION;
According to “Working capital refers to a firm’s investment in short term assets, such
as cash amounts receivables, inventories etc.
Working capital is the financing in a small business that helps a company pay its trade
creditors and cash flows –it is the finance that business need for their day–to-day
trading operations.
Working capital is descriptive of that capital which is not fixed. but the more common
use of working capital is to consider is as the difference between the book value of the
current assets and current liabilities
Company introduction
RAHUL ENTERPRISES is an ISO 9001:2008 certified company established in the year
2004 has today grown to be the foremost engineering company for high quality Industrial
Ovens, Heat Treatment, Furnaces, Control Panels, Temperature Controllers, Thermocouples,
Oil Fired Furnace, Repairing, Servicing & D C Drives. Accounting, inventory and designing
with its registered office at No.55/1, Raghavendra Nagar, Peenya 3rd Stage, Thigalarapalaya
Main Road, Bangalore – 560 058. Mob : 9845416700.
RAHUL ENTERPRISES, since last 9 years we are supplying furnaces to reputed steel and
non-ferrous industries, both in India and abroad. We have developed wide range of furnaces
which are well suited to particular needs. We manufacture Electrically Heated as well as Oil,
Gas and Dual Fired Furnaces with high thermal efficiency. Temperature control is fully
automatic with accurate, desired results. Unfailing quality & service has ensured wide
acceptance for our furnaces in all industries.
Quick facts
More about us
Rahul enterprise was established in the year 2005 in Bangalore, Karnataka, South India. The
company comprises of totally two units at peenya industrial area with working area of 45000
square feet. We have total strength of 60 employees supported by experienced engineers.
QUALITY
Satisfied internal and external customers in quality of products and process
CERTIFIED INDIVIDUAL
OUR PRODUCTS
GENERAL PRODUCTS
FURNACES
BELL FURNACE GAS NITRIDINING SCREW PIT FURNACE
FURNACE CONVEYOR
FURNACE
SMALL FURNACE TEMPERING BOGIE HEARTH
FURNACE FURNACE
Research methodology
The technique used for collection of the financial statement data and other information as
follows. The primary data were collected by interaction and observation. The secondary data
were collected from the published annual reports, budgeted manuals and the audited balance
sheet and profit and loss account, database of the company.
SOURCES OF DATA
Primary Data:
This data has been collected during my Training, Interaction and Observation, collected from
the managers from the respective departments by using the method of discussion and
learning.
Secondary Data:
Some of the data’s has also been collected from the Profile of the company and website of the
company.
Chapter scheme:
Chapter 4: Data Analysis and interpretation - Thus, the result derived from the analysis
will be validated
Chapter 5: Suggestion and Findings - will include the conclusions which will be based on
the result obtained from the above process of analysis
Cancultion and Annexures – In this will include company balance sheet,P&L A/C Income
statement of post 3years
CHAPTER-4:
Current Ratio
The current ratio can be defined as the relationship between current assets and current
liabilities. This ration is a measure of general liquidity and is most widely used to make the
analysis of a short term financial position or liquidity of a firm. It is calculated by dividing
the total of current assets by total of current liabilities.
In the year 2015-16 the current ratio is 2.25,in the year 2016-17 it was decreased by 2.03,and
in the year 2017-18 also the ratio decreased to 1.83
Chart Title
Current assets Current liabilites Ratio
16758242.52 16978334.3
15925913.95
9270578.11
8251121
7066860.52
2 2.03 1.83
Quick Ratio
Chart Title
Quick assets Current liabilites Ratio
13127350
12504422.95
10087115.14
9270578.11
8251121
7066860.52
A ratio showing how many times a company’s inventory is sold and replaced over a period.
The days in the period can then be divided by the inventory turnover formula to calculate the
days it takes to sell the inventory on hand or “Inventory turnover days”.
Analysis
In the year 2015-16 the inventory ratio was 1.86. In the year 2016-17 it decreased to 1.81. In
the year 2017-18 it decreased to 1.68.
Chart Title
Sales Average inventory Ratio
10698653
8802432 8632398.12
5722639.68
4841298.45 5114881.9
Interpretation
The above analysis shows that the inventory turnover ratio is fluctuating. It slightly improved
in the year 2015-16 and decreases slightly in the year 2016-17 and 2017-18. This shows that
the inventory turnover ratio of the company is satisfactory.
Debt Equity ratio is a debt ratio used to measure a company’s financial leverage, calculated
by dividing a company’s total current liabilities by its stockholder’s equity. The D/E ratio
indicates how much debt a company is using to finance its assets relative to the amount of
value represented in shareholder’s equity.
The formula for calculating D/E ratio can be represented in the following way:
Debt equity ratio = Current liabilities
Shareholder funds
Table: 4.4: Debt Equity Ratio
Current Shareholders
Year liabilities fund Ratio
2015-16 7066860.52 10374429.36 0.68
2016-17 8251121.00 8765342.91 0.94
2017-18 9270578.11 8650132.80 1.07
Analysis
In the year 2015-16the debt equity ratio was 0.68. In the year 2016-17 it increased to 0.94. In
the year 2017-18 it increased to 1.07. The above analysis shows that the ratio is showing a
increasing trend.
Chart Title
Current liabilites Ratio
9270578.11
8251121
7066860.52
Interpretation
The above analysis shows that there is a increasing trend in the value of debt equity ratio in
which it is dramatically increasing in the year 2017-18 when compared to 2015-16
Capital turnover ratio indicates the efficiency of the organization with which the capital
employed is being utilized. A high capital turnover ratio indicates the capacity of the
organization to achieve maximum sales with minimum amount of capital employed. Higher
the capital turnover ratio better will be the situation.
In the year 2015-16the capital turnover ratio was 0.96. In the year 2016-17 it increased to
0.99. In the year 2017-18 it is constant to 0.99. This firms achieves minimum sales with
maximum utilization of capital employed.
Chart Title
Sales Capital employed Ratio
11062129.36
10698653
8819966.91
8802432 8694756.8
8632398.12
Interpretation
This above analysis shows that the capital turnover ratio is fluctuating. It slightly decreased in
the year 2015-16 and also increased in the year 2016-17 and remain constant in the year
2017-18. This shows that the company’s capital turnover ratio is a satisfactory
Chart Title
NO.of days Inventory turnover ratio Period
217.26
196.23 201.65
Interpretation
The above analysis shows that the inventory conversion period of Rahul enterprises has
shown a fluctuating trend which implies increase in cost of maintenance which has increased
the profits. It means that the company is taking 217.26 days for the stocks to get converted
into sales where earlier it took 196.23 days
Proprietary ratio
The proprietary ratio (also known as the equity ratio) is the proportion of shareholder’s equity
to total assets, and as such provides a rough estimate of the amount of capitalization currently
used to support a business.
Analysis
In the year 2015-16 the proprietary ratio was 0.50. In the year 2016-17 it decreased to 0.40.
In the year 2017-18 it further decreased to 0.38.
Chart Title
Share holder fund Total assets Ratio
22614519.4
20695633.95 21421106.52
10374429.36
8765342.91 8650132.8
Interpretation
The above analysis shows that the proprietary ratio is fluctuating. It slightly increased in the
year 2015-16 and decreases slightly in the year 2016-17 and 2017-18
A financial ratio of net sales to fixed assets. The fixed assets turnover ratio measures a
company’s ability to generate net sales from fixed assets investment specifically property,
plants and equipment (PP&E)-net of depreciation. A higher fixed asset turnover ratio shows
that the company has been more effective in using the investment in fixed assets to generate
revenues.
Chart Title
Sales Fixed assets Ratio
10698653
8802432 8632398.12
Interpretation
The above analysis shows that the fixed assets turnover ratio at Rahul enterprises has shown a
fluctuating trend. It slightly increased in the year 2015-16 and decreased in the year 2015-16
and 2017-18. This shows that the company’s fixed assets turnover ratio is satisfactory
Working capital is a measure of both a company’s efficiency and its short term financial
health. Working capital is calculated as: Working capital = Current assets – Current
liabilities. The working capital ratio indicates whether a company has enough short term
assets to cover its short term debt. Anything below 1 indicates negative working capital.
While anything over 2 means that the company is not investing excess assets. Most believe
that a ratio between 1.2 and 2.0 is sufficient. Also known as “net working capital”.
In the year 2015-16 the working capital was Rs.8859053.43In the year 2016-17 it decreased
to Rs. 8507121.52. In the year 2017-18 it decreased to Rs. 7707756.19
Chart Title
Net current assets Net current liabilites Net working capital
8859053.43 8507121.52
8251121 9270578.11
7066860.52 7707756.19
Interpretation
The above analysis shows that the net working capital at Rahul enterprises shown a
fluctuating trend. It slightly increased every year respectively.
The working capital turnover ratio is also referred to as net sales to working capital. It
indicates a company’s effectiveness in using its working capital. The working capital
turnover ratio is calculated as follows: net sales annual sales divided the average amount of
working capital during the same 12 month period.
Analysis
In the year 2015-16 the working capital turnover ratio was 1.20. In the year 2016-17 it
decreased to 1.03. In the year 2017-18 it increased to 1.11.
Chart Title
Sales Net working capital Ratio
10698653
8859053.43 8802432
8507121.52 8632398.12
7707756.19
Interpretation
The above analysis shows that the working capital turnover ratio at Rahul enterprises has
shown a fluctuating trend. It slightly decreased in the year 2016-17 and it increased in the
year 2017-16.
Chart Title
NPBIT Total capital employed Ratio
11062129.36
8819966.91 8694756.8
Interpretation
The above analysis shows that the return on investment ratio at Rahul enterprises shown as
fluctuating trend. It continuously increased in all the perspective years
Analysis
In the year 2015-16 the return of shareholders’ funds was 0.75. In the year 2016-17 it
decreased to 0.52. In the year 2017-18 it increased to 0.67.
Chart Title
NPAIT Share holder fund Ratio
10374429.36
8765342.91 8650132.8
Interpretation
The above analysis shows that the return on shareholders’ fund is fluctuating trend. It slightly
improved in the year 2015-16 it and decreased in the year 2016-17 and improved in the year
2017-18
Operating Ratio
Chart Title
CGS+Operating expenses Net sales Ratio
10698653
8576259.68802432 8632398.12
3543845.83
2054379.4
0.33 0.97 0.23
Interpretation
The above analysis shows that the operating profit ratio is increasing trend. It slightly
improved in the year 2016-17 and it again decreased in the year 2017-18
The gross profit ratio shows the proportion of profits generated by sale of product or
services, before selling and administrative expenses. It is used to examine the ability of
a business to create sellable product in a cost-effective manner. The ratio is of some
importance, especially when tracked on a trend line, to see if a business can continue to
provide product to the market place for which customer are willing to pay a reasonable
price.
Chart Title
Gross profit Sales Ratio
10698653
8576259.68802432 8632398.12
3237846.95
2054379.4
Interpretation
The above analysis shows that the gross profit is at fluctuating trend. It slightly decreased in
the year 2016-17 and increased in the year 2017-18.
Analysis
In the year 2015-16 the net profit ratio was 11.20. In the year 2016-17 it was decreased to
11.00. In the year 2017-18 it was increased to 11.53.
Chart Title
Netprofit Sales Profit
10698653
8802432
Interpretation
The above analysis shows that the net profit ratio is fluctuating trend. It slightly decreased in
the year 2016-17 and it increased in the year 2017-18
CHAPTER 5
FINDINGS
The current ratio of the RE for the year 2017-18, is found to be highest.
The quick ratio showing slight variation in all the four years it was comparatively
more in the year 2015-16.
The data reveals that the inventory turnover ratio is fluctuating year by year. Highest in the
year 2015-16. Lowest can be observed for the year 2017-18.
The data reveals that the debt equity ratio is higher in the year 2017-18. Lowest in the
year 2015-16.
The data reveals that the capital turnover ratio is higher in the year 2016-17and 2107-
18. Lowest in the year 2015-16.
The inventory conversion period is fluctuating year by year
The data reveals that the return on shareholders’ fund showing fluctuating trend.
Highest in the year 2015-16. Lowest in the year 2016-17 and increases in the year
2017-18.
The operating ratio is increasing in the year 2016-17 and decreases .
The data shows that the gross profit ratio of RE records highest in the year 2017-18
and lowest in the year 2016-17.
Net profit ratio of RE is good except for the year 2016-17. For the other years it is
fluctuating.
Suggestion
From the analysis carried out in this study, we can make the following suggestion:
The company should increase its current assets and decrease its current liabilities in
order to improve its long term and short term liquid position.
The excess available working capital in the company should be properly enchased in
order to maximize the returns.
The working capital turnover ratio has dropped drastically in the 2016-17. Hence
proper care should be taken in order to maintain the required working capital.
The company can try to have future plans as per production and business activities are
concerned and also to forecast the future requirement of working capital so that it can
increase its sales and three by increase profits.
The company’s overall performance is good and it has ability to make and maintain
better working capital.
Conclusion
The overall liquidity position of the RAHUL ENTERPRISES required is better management.
Therefore, the company needs to increase its current assets and decrease it's current liabilities
in order to improve its liquidity.
RAHUL ENTERPRISES should allocate the excessive working capital available in profitable
activities to increase profits.
RAHUL ENTERPRISES is a company with strong customer based and has an immense
goodwill. The company should capitalize on it to expand its business and increase its
revenue.
ANEXXURE