INTRODUCTION

Bio-fuel is the most valuable form of renewable energy for direct use in any existing, unmodified

diesel engine, which can cause air pollution due to vehicle emissions. Atmospheric soot and fine

particles, which is a component of the air pollution implicated in human cancer, heart and lung

damage, and mental functioning. Philippines is one of the most polluted air in Southeast Asia.

(Christian Hübner2017) Biofuel can be produced from straight vegetable oil, animal oil/fats,

tallow and waste cooking oil. Biofuel is rapidly biodegradable and completely non-toxic,

meaning spillages represent far less of a risk than fossil diesel spillages. Biodiesel has a higher

flash point than fossil diesel and so is safer in the event of a crash. The oil is obtained by pressing

the seeds or through the process of grinding, whereby it is mixed with water and then distilled

further. The main benefit of biodiesel is that it can be described as ‘carbon neutral’. This means

that the fuel produces no net output of carbon in the form of carbon dioxide (CO2). This effect

occurs because when the oil crop grows it absorbs the same amount of CO2 as is released when

the fuel is combusted. In making Biofuel we need two important chemicals which are the

methanol and catalyst

Corn cobs are a major waste of agriculture maize. Here, a methanolic extract from corn cobs

(MEC) was obtained. MEC contains phenolic compounds, protein, carbohydrates

(1.4:0.001:0.001). MEC showed higher Reducing Power than ascorbic acid and exhibited high

Superoxide Scavenging activity. In tumor cell culture, MEC increased catalase, metallothionein

and superoxide dismutase expression in accordance with the antioxidant tests.

(Silveira,M.et al.2014)

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