Volume Titrant (mL) pH Reading 1st Deriv Volume 1st Derivative (dpH/dvol) 2nd Deriv Volume 2nd Derivative

e change
0 2.88
1 2.97 0.5 0.09 14
2 3.09 1.5 0.12 1 0.03
12
3 3.21 2.5 0.12 2 0
4 3.39 3.5 0.18 3 0.06 10
5 3.53 4.5 0.14 4 -0.04
6 3.76 5.5 0.23 5 0.09 8
7 3.86 6.5 0.1 6 -0.129999999999999

pH
6
8 4.03 7.5 0.17 7 0.07
9 4.18 8.5 0.149999999999999 8 -0.020000000000001 4
10 4.31 9.5 0.13 9 -0.02
11 4.51 10.5 0.2 10 0.07 2

12 4.67 11.5 0.16 11 -0.04 0

13 4.83 12.5 0.16 12 0 0 50
14 5.01 13.5 0.18 13 0.02
15 5.15 14.5 0.140000000000001 14 -0.039999999999999
16 5.29 15.5 0.14 15 -8.88178419700125E-16
0.9
17 5.44 16.5 0.15 16 0.010000000000001
18 5.57 17.5 0.13 17 -0.020000000000001 0.8
19 5.73 18.5 0.16 18 0.03 0.7

First derivative (△pH/△vol)

20 5.87 19.5 0.14 19 -0.020000000000001 0.6
21 6.02 20.5 0.149999999999999 20 0.01
0.5
22 6.27 21.5 0.25 21 0.100000000000001
0.4
23 6.47 22.5 0.2 22 -0.05
24 6.9 23.5 0.430000000000001 23 0.23 0.3
25 7.72 24.5 0.819999999999999 24 0.389999999999999 largest increase
0.2 in ph
26 8.5 25.5 0.78 25 -0.039999999999999 Volume of NaOH
0.1
at first equivalence
27 8.88 26.5 0.380000000000001 26 -0.4
0
28 9.07 27.5 0.19 27 -0.190000000000001 0 50 100 150
29 9.27 28.5 0.199999999999999 28 0.01
Volume Titran
30 9.44 29.5 0.17 29 -0.029999999999999
0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2
 0
0 50 100 150
Volume Titran

31 9.54 30.5 0.1 30 -0.07 0.5

32 9.64 31.5 0.100000000000001 31 1.77635683940025E-15 0.4
33 9.73 32.5 0.09 32 -0.010000000000002 0.3
34 9.82 33.5 0.09 33 0 0.2
35 9.9 34.5 0.08 34 -0.01

2nd Derivative
0.1
36 9.93 35.5 0.029999999999999 35 -0.050000000000001
0
37 10 36.5 0.07 36 0.040000000000001
0 50 100
38 10.08 37.5 0.08 37 0.01 -0.1

39 10.11 38.5 0.029999999999999 38 -0.050000000000001 -0.2

40 10.14 39.5 0.030000000000001 39 1.77635683940025E-15 -0.3
41 10.17 40.5 0.029999999999999 40 -1.77635683940025E-15 -0.4
42 10.2 41.5 0.029999999999999 41 0
-0.5
43 10.24 42.5 0.040000000000001 42 0.010000000000002
Volu
44 10.26 43.5 0.02 43 -0.020000000000001
45 10.31 44.5 0.050000000000001 44 0.030000000000001
46 10.34 45.5 0.029999999999999 45 -0.020000000000001
47 10.36 46.5 0.02 46 -0.01
48 10.38 47.5 0.020000000000001 47 1.77635683940025E-15
49 10.41 48.5 0.029999999999999 48 0.009999999999998
50 10.44 49.5 0.029999999999999 49 0
51 10.46 50.5 0.020000000000001 50 -0.009999999999998
52 10.48 51.5 0.02 51 -1.77635683940025E-15
53 10.5 52.5 0.02 52 0
54 10.52 53.5 0.02 53 0
55 10.54 54.5 0.02 54 0
56 10.56 55.5 0.020000000000001 55 1.77635683940025E-15
57 10.58 56.5 0.02 56 -1.77635683940025E-15
58 10.6 57.5 0.02 57 0
59 10.61 58.5 0.01 58 -0.01
60 10.62 59.5 0.01 59 0
61 10.63 60.5 0.010000000000002 60 1.77635683940025E-15
62 10.66 61.5 0.029999999999999 61 0.019999999999998
 63 10.69 62.5 0.029999999999999 62 0
64 10.7 63.5 0.01 63 -0.02
65 10.71 64.5 0.010000000000002 64 1.77635683940025E-15
66 10.72 65.5 0.01 65 -1.77635683940025E-15
67 10.73 66.5 0.01 66 0
68 10.74 67.5 0.01 67 0
69 10.76 68.5 0.02 68 0.01
70 10.77 69.5 0.01 69 -0.01
71 10.78 70.5 0.01 70 0
72 10.8 71.5 0.020000000000001 71 0.010000000000002
82 10.95 77 0.015 74.25 -0.000909090909091
92 11.04 87 0.009 82 -0.0006
102 11.15 97 0.011 92 0.0002
112 11.23 107 0.008 102 -0.0003
122 11.33 117 0.01 112 0.0002
132 11.34 127 0.001 122 -0.0009
142 11.37 137 0.003 132 0.0002
152 11.4 147 0.003 142 1.77809156287623E-17
162 11.42 157 0.002 152 -0.0001
172 11.45 167 0.003 162 9.99999999999978E-05
182 11.57 177 0.012 172 0.0009
192 11.64 187 0.007 182 -0.0005
202 11.73 197 0.009 192 0.0002
212 11.75 207 0.002 202 -0.0007
222 11.76 217 0.001 212 -9.99999999999979E-05
232 11.77 227 0.001 222 0
242 11.79 237 0.002 232 9.99999999999979E-05
252 11.8 247 0.001 242 -9.99999999999801E-05
262 11.81 257 0.001 252 -1.77592315853126E-17
272 11.82 267 0.001 262 0
282 11.83 277 0.001 272 0
292 11.83 287 0 282 -9.99999999999979E-05
 14

12

10

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Volume Titrant (mL)

0.9

0.8

0.7
First derivative (△pH/△vol)

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3
ncrease
0.2 in ph
of NaOH
0.1
at first equivalence point(where change in pH is largest)

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Volume Titrant (mL)

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2
 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Volume Titrant (mL)

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
-0.1

-0.2

-0.3

-0.4

-0.5
Volume Titrant (mL)