CRITICAL BOOK REVIEW

PUNCTUATION MARKS

Lecture : Yani Lubis, S.Ag, M.Hum

Arranged By :

Novita Herawati

NIM : 0304193217

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATERA

 PREFACE
First of all, thanks to Allah SWT who have given us healthy and chance so I can finish
this assignment about Critical Book Review.

This assignment is entitled “PUNCTUATION MARK”. Although when I am arranging

this assignment, I am trully get lots challenges and obstructions but Alhamdulillah with help of
Allah SWT, those obstructions could passed.This assignment i am arrange to fulfill the
assignment that given by Sir. Yani Lubis, S.Ag, M.Hum as lecturer in Pronunciation.

In arranging this assignment, I don’t forget to say thank you to our lecturer, parents and
everybody who have helped in finished this assignment.

Forgive me if there is any mistake in writing or arranging this assignment that I have
made, I hope the criticism from the lecturer and the audience can help the writer in perfecting the
next assignment.

Finally, I hope this mini research usefull for authors and readers. Thank you and
wassalamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.
 1. Introduction
A. Background of the Study
There was no punctuation in any languages of ancient times. With the advancement of
civilization, punctuation was introduced in the written form of the language to help a reader
distinguish words and ideas from each other and to mirror the natural rhythms of the spoken
language.
English has lots of punctuation marks, and the punctuation marks are exactly the same as
those in indonesia. Each punctuation has its own function, punctuation marks really need to
be used in wrting So that the writing looks perfect and formal and with punctuation we will
not be careles in reading an article.
So in writing we must not arbitrarily write we must use punctuation so that people
understand your reading.
B. Indentitiy Books
Book title : Guide to Punctuation
Author : R. L. Trask
Publisher : The Penguin Group
Publisher city : London
Publication Year : 1997
Cited page : 2-3

Comparison Book
 Book title : Prepositions Conjunctions & Punctuation Marks
Author : Pelanduk Publication
Publisher : Pelanduk Publication
Publisher city : Selangor, Malaysia
Publication Year : 2002
Cited page : 33
 Book title : punctuation
Author : John Butterworth
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Publisher city : New York
Publication Year : 1999
Cited page : 5
 Book title : Improve Your Written English
Author : Marion Field
Publisher : How to Content
Publisher city : Spring Hill Road, Begbroke
Publication Year : 2009
Cited page : 32
 Book title The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation
Author : Jane Straus and Lester Kaufman and Tom Stern
Publisher : Jossey-Bass
Publisher city : San Francisco
Publication Year : 2014
Cited page :
 Book title : Good Punctuation
Author : Graham King
Publisher : Harper Collins
Publisher city : Westerhill Road, Bishopbriggs
Publication Year : 2004
Cited page : 1-2
2. Comprehensive of Theory
Why should you learn to punctuate properly? After all, many people have made
successful careers without ever learning the difference between a colon and a
semicolon. Perhaps you consider punctuation to be an inconsequential bit of
decoration, not worth spending your valuable time on. When we speak English, we
have all sorts of things we can use to make our meaning clear: stress, intonation,
rhythm, pauses — even, if all else fails, repeating what we've said. When we write,
however, we can't use any of these devices, and the work that they do in speech must
be almost entirely handled by punctuation.
Punctuation is the use of certain marks or signs called stops. In spoken English we
can usually show the meaning of a sentence by various pauses of the voice. In written
English the pauses are shown by stops called punctuation marks.
The chief aim of punctuation is clearness. It shows how the words in a sentence
should be grouped together so that its meaning may be readily understood. But you
should always try to write your sentences in such a way that the meaning is clear
without the help of punctuation.
When you are writing you have lots of time. You can put everything tidly into
sentences. You can go back and change things that you dont like.

Written wordsare just flat on the page. To bringit to life, you need these :

.?!:;,-()“/
Punctuation makes possible the clear presentation of the written language.
Punctuation is a courtesy designed to help readers to understand a story without
stumbling’. With punctuation, a page of type became more inviting and easier to read
and self-interested publisher ensured that the system was refined and permanent.
Knowing when to stop.
My name is marion field I’m a freelance writer and I write articles for various
magazines I live near several motorways so I can easily drive around the country
to do my research the airport is also near me I love travelling and I’ve visited
many different parts of the world this gives me the opportunity to write travel
articles I enjoy taking photogrraphs.
 There are no full stops in the above passage so it would be very difficult to read.
Without full stops, writing would make little sense.
1. Periods
Use a period at the end of a complete sentence that is a statement.
Example: I know him well.
If the last item in the sentence is an abbreviation that ends in a period, do
not follow it with another period.
Incorrect: This is Alice Smith, M.D..
Correct: This is Alice Smith, M.D.
Correct: Please shop, cook, etc. We will do the laundry.
Question marks and exclamation points replace and eliminate periods at
the end of a sentence.

2. The Commas
The comma (,) marks the slightest possible separation in ideas or
grammatical construction —especially between words, phrases, and clauses.
Use a comma when you join two independent clauses with a coordinating
conjunction (such as “and,” “but,” “nor,” “or,” “so,” or “yet”).
• Two or three of the spectators were sniffling, and one was weeping loudly.
• Dirk was going home to dinner, and I proposed to find a doctor.
• It was an unscheduled stop, and the platform of the small station was crowded
with people.1
3. The Semi Colons
As the name semicolon, half a colon, indicates, the semicolon comes
historically after the colon; but in practice it is more important—at least, in the
sense of being more popular. If anybody uses one more than the two simple
points, period and comma, that additional point is usually the semicolon. By its
very form (;) it betrays its dual nature: it is both period and comma. As it is half a
colon, so is it also a modified period and a strengthened comma.

1
Bryan A. Garner, The Chicago Guide to Grammar, Usage and Punctuation ( Chicago : The University of Chicago
Press, 2016 ),p. 347
 Example : As a man, you are hungry; as a fighter, you are weary; as an idealist,
you are disgusted; and, again as a man, you will, your hunger satisfied, need a
long sleep.2
4. Colon
Use a colon to indicate that material is to follow. The material that follows
may be a summary, a list, a complete sentence, a question, or a quotation. If the
items in the material that follows the colon consist of only one or two words, they
may be separated simply with commas:
There are many disturbing factors: fatigue, poor eye-sight, poor reading ability,
anxiety or undue caution, distractibility, and inadequate motivation.3
5. Question Marks
Whenever you ask a direct question in your writing, you need to include a
question mark: Can I borrow your bike? Is your name Marco? Does metal expand
when heated?
It is all too easy to forget about the question mark at the end of a long
sentence like this, and, indeed, it could be argued that its presence or absence does
not make a lot of difference. But try to remember to include it, as this is an
indication to your reader that you are paying close attention to the form of what
you are writing.4
6. Exclamation Point
This mark of punctuation (!) has called “the period that blew its top." An
exclamation points really is a period wearing a conical hat ( on the standart
typewriter keyboard it is made by using a period, backspacer and apostrophe )
andresembles the period in that it is usually but not always, a terminal mark. The
exclamation point has several legimate used to express surprise, emphasis, or
strong emotion.
Example : What an incredibly rude thing to say !5
7. Quotation Marks
2
Eric Patridge , A Guide to Punctuation and Its Allies ( New York : Hamish Hamillton,1953 ),p. 24 & 65
3
John Kirkman, Punctuation Matters ( New York : Ramsbury, 1989 ),p. 27
4
John Peck and Martin Coyle, The Student’s Guide to Writing Grammar, Punctuation and spelling ( Hampshire :
Macmillan Press, LTD, 1999 ),p. 22
5
Harry Shaw, Punctuate it Right ! (New York : Barner Noble,Inc., 1873 ), p.91-94
 Quotation marks (inverted commas) surround the exact quote, such as :
Winston churchill stated, ‘ Attitude is a little thing that makes a big difference.’
We are quoting, or repeating other people’s words when we use quotation marks
and actual dialoge in writing conversation between speakers.
An indirect quote is a more informal paraphrase that doesn’t use quotation
marks, as in : Winston churchill said that attitude is a little thing that makes a big
different6
8. Slash
The slash (also known as the diagonal or slant, or more esoterically as the
solidus, virgule or shilling) is a somewhat nebulous mark. There are a couple of
situations where no other punctuation will do, but often it is used as a casual
shorthand for more precise modes of expression. Since it runs the risk of being
ambiguous, it should be applied with caution. In more formal genres of writing,
such as that expected for academic journals, it may be considered too informal or
imprecise to be used at all. The functions of the slash are as follows:
• Indicating "and" or "or" relationships
• Indicating various other relationships between words or numbers
• Separating lines of poetry
Examples : She liked to describe her position as that of vice-president of finances/
baby-sitter.
The trial/media circus has the city in a frenzy.
The one room in his tiny apartment had to serve as a bedroom/workshop.7
9. Parentheses
Parentheses may be used to enclose nonrestrictive or interrupting
elements. • Parentheses are most appropriate to enclose a nonrestrictive element
that is only loosely connected to the sentence and could be left out without
damaging the sentence.
• Do not insert a parenthetical element with no relation whatever to the rest of the
sentence.

6
Ann Riggs, Sentence Types and Punctuation ( London : Franklin Watts, 2012 ),p. 34
7
Anne Stilman, Grammatically Correct ( United States : Writer’s digest books,1997 ),p.139
 When a complete sentence in parentheses comes within a sentence (notice
the punctuation of this one), it needs neither a capital letter nor a period. Commas
and other marks of punctuation in the main sentence always follow the
parenthesis (as here and in the preceding sentence). (A sentence in parentheses,
like this one, that does not stand within another sentence has the end punctuation
before the closing parenthesis.)
Punctuation (for example, question marks, quotation marks) of the ideas
within parentheses remains within parentheses, while punctuation of the main
sentence remains outside, almost always after the closing parenthesis rather than
before an opening parenthesis.8
10. Dash
A horizontal line (–) used in writing and printing as a mark of punctuation
to indicate an abrupt break or pause in a sentence, to begin and end a parenthic
clause... and for other purpose.
In this example there is actually a new word. It’s fertival-the. Correct it
using a dash [–] and get : This year will see the bigger and better events for the
festival – the 20th anniversary celebration !9
11. Hypens
Hypens are used to join words, toshow a connnection between words, or to
separate the syllables for a single word when splitting a word for a line break.
Hypens are used for various purpose.
 Line breaks, break compounds between the words. Example : peace-/keeping
 Break hypenated compound words after the hypen. Example : user-/friendly10

8
Marry K. Mc Caskill , Grammar, Punctuation and Capitalization ( Hampton , Virginia : langley research center ,
1998 ),p. 66
9
Ruth Colman, The Briefest English Grammar and Punctuation Ever! (Sydney : University of New South Wales
press Ltd, 2005 ),p.47-49
10
Kevin Wilson and Jennifer Wauson, The AMA Hand Book of Business Writing ( United States : Amacom,
2010 ),p. 225
3. Matter of Writing
In writing this CBR I had quite a difficulty because at first I did not understand
how the concept of writing this CBR, so naturaaly if this CBR task is not so perfect
but i have worked very hard to complete this CBR task, I really apologize to you
lecturer, if my CBR assignments are lacking, I am still a beginner.
But the difficulties in writing this CBR did not last long because after that i got
direction from my friends who understood and from the lecturer who also gave the
arrangement in this CBR task i am very grateful to all who have helped me.
4. Critical of Theory
There six books have something in common, which is about punctuation, but they
each own advantages and disadvantages.
A. Advantages of the book
 This book literally more nice and recomended than 5 another books and 10
references
 This book is highly recommended to be a reference in making papers or other
assignment
 The explanation in this book is easier to understand and more concise
 And this book more complete than 5 another books and 10 references
B. Disadvantages of the book
 Many languages that i don’t really understand and that are unfamiliar to me
should be made by the glosarry so that readers can understand.
 The book is too plain and not very interesting because of a little picture
Maybe that’s all my criticism of this book in my opinion more advantages
than disadvantages
5. Conclusion and Suggestion
A. Conclusion
So the conclusion is that punctuation marks are one of the most important
materials to learn because by studying punctuation we can improve our writing,
just imagine that if we write without punctuation marks, it must be very difficult
to understand and make the reader confused with writing that we write if you
don’t use punctuation
B. Suggestion
There are not many suggestion I can give for this book, maybe just a little
suggestion i gave for this book, the writer is better to give a more interesting book
cover to make the reader more interested in reading the book, in the book also
should be given a few pictures to make it more interesting. Maybe that’s all my
suggestion for this book
 6. References

Garner, Bryan A. 2016. The Chicago Guide to Grammar, Usage and Punctuation. Chicago : The
University of Chicago Press

Patridge, Erick. 1953. A Guide to Punctuation and Its Allies. New York : Hamish Hamilton.

Riggs, Ann. 2012. Sentences Type and Punctuation . London : Franklin Watts.

Shaw, Harry. 1873. Punctuate It Right. New York : Barner Noble. Inc.

Trask, R.L. 1997. Guide to Punctuation. London : The Penguin Group

Mc Caskill, Marry K. 1998. Punctuation and Capitalization. Hampton, Virginia : Langley

Research Center

Kirkman, John. 1989. Punctuation Matters. New York : Ramsburg Books

Peck, John and Coyle, Martin. 1999. The Student’s Guide to Writing Grammar, Punctuation and
Spelling. Hamshirp : Macmillan Press LTD.

Colman, Ruth. 2005. The Briefest English Grammar and Punctuation Ever! . Sydney :
University of New South Wales press Ltd

Wilson, Kevin and Wauson, Jennifer. 2010. The AMA Hand Book of Business Writing. United
States : Amacom

Trask, R.L. 1997. Guide to Punctuation. London : The Penguin Group

Pelanduk, Publication. 2002. Conjunction & Punctuation Marks. Selangor : Pelanduk

Publication.

Butterworth. 1999. Punctuation. New York : Oxford University Press.

Field, Marion. 2009. Improve Your Written English. Begbroke, United Kingdom : How to
Content.

Straus, Jane and Kaufman, Lester and Tom, Stem. 2014. The Blue Book of Grammar and
Punctuation. San Francisco : Jossey-Bass.
King, Graham.2004. Good Punctuation. Westerhill Road, bishopbriggs : Harper Collinsp