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Bman 06
Bman 06
Chapter 6
Probability
Distributions
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
6-2 Outline
6-1 Introduction
6-2 Probability Distributions
6-3 Mean, Variance, and
Expectation
6-4 The Binomial Distribution
H
T
Second Toss
T H
First Toss T
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
6-2 Probability Distributions -
6-9 Tossing Two Coins
TT 0
TH
1
HT
HH 2
OUTCOME PROBABILITY
X P(X)
0 1/4
1 2/4
2 1/4
1
PROBABILITY
0.5
.25
0 1 2 3
NUMBER OF HEADS
X P( X )
where X , X ,..., X are the outcomes and
1 2 n
probabilities .
XX 11 22 33 44 55 66
P(X)
P(X) 1/6
1/6 1/6
1/6 1/6
1/6 1/6
1/6 1/6
1/6 1/6
1/6
6-16 Example
X P( X )
1 (1 / 6 ) 2 (1 / 6 ) 3 (1 / 6 ) 4 (1 / 6 )
5 (1 / 6 ) 6 (1 / 6 )
21 / 6 3.5
That
That is,
is, when
when aa die
die isis tossed
tossed many
many times,
times,
the
the theoretical
theoretical mean
mean will will be
be 3.5.
3.5.
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
6-3 Mean for Discrete Variable -
6-17 Example
In a family with two children, find the
mean number of children who will be
girls. The probability distribution is
given below.
XX 00 11 22
P(X)
P(X) 1/4
1/4 1/2
1/2 1/4
1/4
6-18 Example
X P( X )
0 (1 / 4) 1 (1 / 2) 2 (1 / 4)
= 1.
That
That is,
is, the
the average
average number
number of of
girls
girls in
in aa two-child
two-child family
family isis 1.
1.
X 0 1 2 3 4
n!
P( X ) p Xq n X
(n X )! X !
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
6-33 6-4 Binomial Probability - Example