FOURIER TRANSFORM PROPERTIES

Property Signal Fourier Transform

x(t) X(f )

y(t) Y (f )

Linearity ax(t) + by(t) aX(f ) + bY (f )

Time shifting x(t − t0 ) X(f )e−j2πf t0

Frequency shifting ej2πf0 t x(t) X(f − f0 )

Conjugate x∗ (t) X ∗ (−f )

Reflection x(−t) X(−f )

1 f
Time scaling x(αt) X( )
|α| α

Convolution x(t) ∗ y(t) X(f )Y (f )

Multiplication x(t)y(t) X(f ) ∗ Y (f )

d
Differenciation in time domain x(t) j2πf X(f )
dt
Z t
1 1
Integration in time domain x(t)dt X(f ) + X(0)δ(f )
−∞ j2πf 2

j d
Diferenciation in frequency domain tx(t) X(f )
2π df

∗
X(f ) = X (−f )


<e{X(f )} = <e{X(−f )}



Conjugate symmetry x(t) is real =m{X(f )} = −=m{X(−f )}

|X(f )| = |X(−f )|





∠X(f ) = −∠X(−f )

Real signals x(t) real and even X(f ) even and odd

x(t) real and odd X(f ) odd and imaginary

Odd and even decomposition xe (t) = Ev{x(t)} [x(t) real] <e{X(f )}

xo (t) = Od{x(t)} [x(t) real] j=m{X(f )}

Parseval theorem
Z +∞ Z +∞
|x(t)|2 dt = |X(f )|2 df
−∞ −∞

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 FOURIER-TRANSFORM PAIRS
Time Function Fourier Transform Fourier Series
+∞ ∞
ak ejk2πf0 t
P P
ak δ(f − kf0 ) ak
k=−∞ k=−∞

ej2πf0 t δ(f − f0 ) a1 = 1
ak = 0 other value

1
cos(2πf0 t) 2 [δ(f − f0 ) + δ(f + f0 )] a1 = a−1 = 21
ak = 0 other value

1 1
sin(2πf0 t) 2j [δ(f − f0 ) − δ(f + f0 )] a1 = −a−1 = 2j
ak = 0 other value

1 δ(f ) a0 = 1, ak = 0, k 6= 0
for T > 0
( +∞
1, |t| < T1 X sin(2πf0 T1 k) 2πf0 T1 k2πf0 T1 sin(k2πf0 T1 )
x(t) = T
δ(f − kf0 ) sinc( )=
0, T1 < |t| ≤ 2
kπ π π kπ
k=−∞
y x(t) = x(t + T )

+∞ +∞
X 1 X k 1
δ(t − nT ) δ(f − ) ak = ∀k
n=−∞
T T T
k=−∞

  (
t 1, |t| < T1 sin(2πf T1 )
rect = 2T1 sinc(2T1 f ) = -
2T1 0, |t| > T1 πf
 
1 f
sinc(2W t) rect -
2W 2W

δ(t) 1 -

1 1
u(t) + δ(f ) -
j2πf 2

δ(t − t0 ) e−j2πf t0 -

1
e−at u(t), <e{a} > 0 -
a + j2πf

1
te−at u(t), <e{a} > 0 -
(a + j2πf )2

tn−1 −at 1
e u(t), <e{a} > 0 -
(n − 1)! (a + 2πf )n

2a
e−a|t| , a>0 -
a2 + (2πf )2
2 2
e−πt e−πf -

1
sgn(t) -
jπf

1
−jsgn(f ) -
πt

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