M.M.

COLLEGE OF
NURSING
ASSIGNMENT
ON
DIFFERENT SIGNS DURING PREGNANCY

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

MRS SIMARJEET KAUR NADIYA RASHID

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR MSC NURSING II YEAR

OBG DEPARTMENT 1918721

CHADWICKS SIGN (JACQUEMIERS SIGN): Chadwick sign is a bluish discoloration of the
cervix, vagina, and labia resulting from increased blood flow. It can be observed as early as 6 to
8 weeks after conception,[1] and its presence is an early sign of pregnancy. These color changes
were discovered in approximately 1836 by French doctor Étienne Joseph Jacquemin (1796-
1872), and are named after James Read Chadwick

VAGINAL SIGN(OSIANDERS SIGN) Pulsations in the lateral fornix due to the increased
vascularity.

CERVICAL SIGN(GOODELLS SIGN): Goodell sign is an indication of pregnancy. It is a

significant softening of the vaginal portion of the cervix from increased vascularization. This
vascularization is a result of hypertrophy and engorgement of the vessels below the growing
uterus. This sign occurs at approximately four weeks' gestation.

UTERINE SIGN(PISKACEKS SIGN) The Piskacek's sign is an indication of pregnancy.

Specifically, Piskacek's sign consists noting a palpable lateral bulge or soft prominence one of
the locations where the uterine tube meets the uterus. Piskacek's sign, can be noted in the seventh
to eight week of gestation

HEGARS SIGN: Hegar's sign is an indication of pregnancy in a woman, specifically the

compressibility and softening of the cervical isthmus (the portion of the cervix between the
uterus and the vaginal portion of the cervix) and the uterine cervix appearing bluish and
engorged.

The sign is usually present during second and third months of pregnancy from the fourth to sixth
week. It is not a positive indicator of pregnancy, and its absence does not exclude pregnancy.

PALMER SIGN : uterine contractions felt during bimanual examination.

TURTLE SIGN Failure of restitution seen in shoulder dystocia is called turtle sign
SPALDING SINGN: The Spalding sign refers to the overlapping of the fetal skull bones caused
by collapse of the fetal brain. It appears usually a week or more after fetal death in utero. This
finding was originally described by Alfred Baker Spalding  (1874-1942), an American
obstetrician

STAIIWORTH SIGN :Slowing of fetal heart rate on pressing the head down I to the pelvis and
prompt recovery on release of pressure is termed Stallworthy’s sign. This sign is suggestive of
posterior placenta praevia.

HOMANS SIGN : Homans' sign is considered to be a sign of deep vein thrombosis. It was
defined by John Homans in 1941 as discomfort behind the knee upon forced dorsiflexion of the
foot.

BAGEL SIGN: Ultrasonographic sign. Gestational sac in the adnexa with hyperechoic ring.

BALL SIGN: Radiological sign of intrauterine fetal death. X-ray shows crumpled up spine of
the fetus..

BANANA SIGN: Ultrasound sign in open spina bifida. Shows abnormal anterior curvature of
cerebellum. Due to the associated Arnold-Chiari malformation.

CULLEN SIGN: Bluish discoloration of skin around umbilicus. Occurs due to intra peritoneal
hemorrhage. Seen in ruptured ectopic pregnancy.

DOUBLE BUBBLE SIGN:. Useful in prenatal diagnosis of duodenal atresia. Duodenal atresia
usually presents with polyhydramnios and produces dilatation of stomach and first part of
duodenum.

DOUBLE DECIDUAL SAC SIGN: Normal Ultrasonographic appearance of intrauterine

gestational sac. Seen as two concentric echogenic rings separated by a hyperechoic space.
KUSTNER’S SIGN: Sign of placental separation. On pushing the uterus upwards does not
move the cord with it due to the separation.

LADIN’S SIGN: Softening in the midline of the uterus anteriorly at the junction of the uterus
and cervix. It occurs at about 6 weeks gestation

LAMBDA SIGN: Ultrasonographic sign seen in dichorionic pregnancies. Due to the chorionic
tissue in between the two layers of the membrane between the twins.

LEMON SIGN: Ultrasound sign in open spina bifida. Shows abnormal anterior curvature of
cerebellum. Due to the associated Arnold-Chiari malformation.

ROBERT’S SIGN: Radiological sign of intrauterine fetal death. X-ray shows presence of gas in
the fetal great vessels. Earliest radiological sign of intrauterine fetal death

SCHRODER’S SIGN: A sign of placental separation. Uterus rises up when the separated
placenta is passed downwards.

STUCK TWIN SIGN: Seen in twin to twin transfusion syndrome. Due to the severe
oligohydramnios smaller twin is held in a fixed position along the uterine wall. This is called
stuck twin sign.

‘T’ SIGN: Ultrasonographic sign seen in monochromic twins. As the intertwin membrane does
not have any chorionic tissue it gives rise to ‘T’ sign in ultrasound.

VON BRAUN-FERNWALD'S SIGN: Irregular softening and enlargement of the uterine

fundus during early pregnancy. It occurs at 5-8 weeks gestation.