Stainless steel wire products

Sandvik 9RU10
S-2161-ENG March 2000 • Cancels all previous editions

Sandvik 9RU10 is s precipitation-hardenable steel of type 17Cr/7Ni PH which compared

with the other Sandvik spring wire grades has
• highest relaxation resistance at elevated temperatures
• highest fatigue strength
Springs coiled from 9RU10 retain virtually their original form - for example, as regards loops
and hooks - after tempering, whereas springs made from conventional 18/8 steels generally
suffer deformation, which has to be allowed for when coiling.
Service temperature -200 to 350°C
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (NOMINAL), % MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Al In delivered condition
max max Tensile strength and proof strength , MPa

0.08 0.5 0.9 0.030 0.015 16.5 7.5 1)

1.0 Wire diameter, Nominal, Rm1) Nominal Rp0.2
mm MPa MPa
1)
this material is intended for cold deformation therefor the Ni content
>0.45 – 0.50 2040 1890
is 7,00 % (m/m) to 8,25 % (m/m) in accordance with note 3 in
>0.50 – 0.65 1990 1850
ISO 6931-1.
>0.65 – 0.80 1960 1810
>0.80 – 1.00 1935 1760
STANDARD >1.00 – 1.25 1880 1720
ISO 6931-1 Grade 3C >1.25 – 1.50 1830 1680
>1.50 – 1.75 1775 1635
Corresponding standards >1.75 – 2.00 1720 1590
• ASTM A 313 AISI 631 >2.00 – 2.50 1670 1550
• DIN 17224 W.-Nr. 1.4568 >2.50 – 3.00 1610 1505
• BS 2056 301S81 >3.00 – 3.50 1560 1465
>3.50 – 4.25 1505 1420
• SS 14 23 88
• NF A35-585 X 7 CrNiAl 17-7 >4.25 – 5.00 1450 1375
>5.00 – 6.00 1400 1330
• JIS G 4314 SUS 631 J1-WPC >6.00 – 7.00 1345 1290
>7.00 – 8.00 1290 1250
SURFACE FINISHES AND DIMENSIONS
On request Other Strength levels
Surface finish Dimension, mm
Flat wire 850-1700 0.85*Rm
Coated 0.45 - 8.00 1)
tolerance on tensile strength + /- 7.0 % in accordance with
Flat wire
ISO 6931-1.
Width 0.50 - 7.00
Thickness 0.05 - 4.00
W/t <25 By tempering the tensile strength can be increased by 250 -
400 MPa. The tensile strength variation between spools/coils
DELIVERY FORMS within the same production lot is maximum ±50 MPa. The proof
The wire is delivered in lots and forms adapted to the custo- strength in tempered condition is approx. 95 % of the tempered
mer's requirements: tensile strength. The tensile strength values are guaranteed
and are measured directly after production. At storing the
• in coils with weights up to 150 kgs
strength will increase somewhat due to ageing. Depending on
• on various types of spools with wire weights up to 1000 kgs
storing condition the ageing can increase the strength with
• in compact coils up to 1 200 kgs
0 - 80 MPa.
• in straightened lengths up to 4 m

The strength will decrease by 3–4% per 100°C increase of

service temperature.
 Shear modulus, MPa STATIC STRENGTH; TEMPERED AND PRE-
as delivered approx 73 000 STRESSED CYLINDRICAL HELICAL SPRINGS
tempered approx 75 000 Sandvik Steel Product Research
The strength data are based on laboratory tests performed at
Modulus of elasticity, MPa Sandvik Steel Research Centre. The data apply at 20°C in nor-
as delivered approx 190 000 mal, dry atmosphere, unless otherwise stated. They are not
tempered approx 195 000 guaranteed values but shall be taken as recommendations in
the choice of wire gauge, stress level, etc. A description of the
Straightened lengths testing procedure will be found, together with explanations
After straightening the strength is approx. 7% lower. under following brochures:
• E- and G moduli S-2130
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
• Strength and mechanical testing S-2131
Density, g/cm3 7.9

Specific heat capacity The diagrams are valid for springs with the spring index 10
500 J/kg °C (in the temperature range 50 – 100°C) (mean diameter of spring/wire diameter)

Thermal conductivity Setting limit and maximum permissible shear stress

Temperature, °C W/m °C
Shear stress, MPa
20 15 1400 7035b

100 16 A
200 18
300 19
1200
Resistivity
Temperature, °C µΩm
1000 B
20 0.90
100 0.95
200 1.00
300 1.05 800

Thermal expansion, per °C, x10-6

Temperature, °C Per °C
600
20 - 100 13.0 1 2 3 4
20 - 200 13.5 (1900) (1800) (1650) (1550)
20 - 300 14.0
Wire diameter mm, nominell t.s. MPa
Figure 1. Setting limit, curve A, and maximum permissible shear
Permeability, µmax. about 80
stress, curve B, as a function of the wire diameter. The setting limit is
defined as the shear stress at which the relaxation is 2% after a load
time of 24 hours. Curve B lies 25% below curve A.

Relaxtion, 24 hours

Relaxation, %
10

Shear stress, MPa 1000 800 600 400

7036b

20 100 200 300

Temperature, °C

Figure 2. Relaxation (load loss) at various shear stresses as a func-

tion of service temperature. This diagram refers to a wire diameter of
1.0 mm.

2
FATIGUE STRENGTH; TEMPERED AND PRE- Modified Goodman diagram for different wire diameters
STRESSED CYLINDRICAL HELICAL SPRINGS
Wöhler diagram, mean stress 450 MPa
Shear stress range,MPa
900 7037b

800

700

600

500
104 105 106 107
Number of load cycles

Figure 3. The curve is valid for springs coiled from wire 1 mm in dia-
meter and represents 90% security against failure.
Shear stress range = double the stress amplitude.
To reach 99.9% security against failure the curve must be lowered to Figure 5. The curves are valid for 107 load cycles and represent 90%
about 80 % of present values. security against failure. They are limited by the setting limit.
Stress range for different wire diameters, mean stress
450 MPa At elevated temperatures the fatigue strength decreases
at 100°C by about 3 %
Shear stress range, MPa at 200°C by about 6 %
700 7038

HEAT TREATMENT
600 By tempering treating the springs the stensile strength will
increases up to 250 - 400 MPa. We recommend 480°C/0.5–1 h
for batch tempering. In the as-delivered condition the ratio 0.2%
500 offset proof strength/tensile strength is about 0.87. After tempe-
ring the ratio will be about 0.95.

400
Please note that tension springs coiled with initial tension must
not be tempered at the same high temperature as other types of
springs. For futher information on initial tension please refer to
300 datasheet S-2130. We recommend batch anneling at
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
Wire diameter, mm 300°C/0.5–3 h. For futher information on heat treatment please
Figure 4. Shear stress range at 10 7 load cycles as a function of the refer to datasheet S-2140.
wire diameter.
BENDING
The minimum bending radius should not be less than half the
wire diameter. The wire surface should be free of any damage
by tooling because slight imperfections in the surface can lead
to fracture even at large bending radii.

3
Sandvik 9RU10 is a trademark owned by Sandvik AB.

Recommendations are for guidance only, and the suitability of a

material for a specific application can be confirmed only when we
know the actual service conditions. Continuous development may
necessitate changes in technical data without notice.

Printed in Sweden on environmetally-friendly paper. Sanmedia/Sandvikens Tryckeri AB

gusab
STAINLESS

S-2161-ENG AB Sandvik Steel, SE-811 81 Sandviken, Sweden, Phone +46 26-26 30 00

March 2000 www.steel.sandvik.com