Akash Rangari - 14810005

Manish Kumar Singh -14810031

Sheena Chaudhary - 14810069
Wadhonkar Pavan -14810086
 Floriculture
“The cultivation and management of flowering and ornamental
plants”. It includes
• Cut flowers, loose flowers, dry flowers, ornamentals &
flowering plants
• Example: Rose, Jasmine, lily, Orchid, Gerbera, Tulips, Marigold,
Alstromeria, Snapdragon , Anthurium, Chrysanthemum,
Gladiolus, Daffodils
• Production is growing at a rate of 8 - 10% per annum.
• There are nearly 120 countries, which are active in floriculture
production on a large scale.
• The economy of some countries - Netherlands, Israel and
Colombia - is dependent on floriculture industry.
 Global Scenario
SHARE OF FLOWER PRODUCTION (2012-2013)
THAILAND OTHERS
10% 10%
NETHERLANDS
ITALY 33%
11%
USA
12% JAPAN
24%

• India Share in global floriculture sector is 0.61% which is likely to reach

0.89% by 2015.
• Export : India's total export of floriculture was Rs. 460.75 cr in 2014-15
• Major cut flower producing country-Netherlands (59%)
• Major cut flower importing country- Germany (34%)
 Data Interpretation
Export Quantity
Quantity

Time
 Export Constraints
• Infrastructure and marketing issues –
– High import tariff
– Low availability of perishable carriers
– Higher freight rates
– Inadequate refrigerated and transport facilities
• Challenges related to availability of basic inputs
– Quality seeds
– Planting materials
– Efficient irrigation system
– Skilled manpower
 Indian Scenario
• Area under floriculture production in India is 232.74 thousands hectares
with a production of 1.729 million tonnes loose flowers and 76.73 million
tonnes cut flowers.
• Major States of Flower Cultivation are: Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra
Pradesh, Haryana, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, West Bengal have emerged as
major floriculture centres.
• Emphasis has been shifting from traditional flowers to cut flowers for
export purposes.
• Mainly, Flower Market is divided into parts:

Cut Flowers Loose Flowers

 Uttarakhand Floriculture
• In India Marketing of cut flowers is much unorganized.
• Wholesale markets mostly operate in open yards.
• Retail outlets - more often than not operate in the open on-road sides.
• Some good florist show rooms.
• The packaging and transportation of flowers from the farms to the retail
markets at present is very unscientific.
• Government assistance for buying refrigerated cargos

Area Under Floriculture in key Districts of Uttarakhand (2012 - 13)

Name of Area Area Under Floriculture Production
Hector Tonnes Spike or cut flower (No.- Lacks)
Nainital 103.80 25.31 991.31
Dehradun 183.00 491.75 91.92
Haridwar 724.60 675.55 232.92
Total 1803.69 1994.82 2939.62
© 2012 State Horticulture Mission, Government of Uttarakhand.
 Flowers Production in
Uttarakhand (2012 - 13)
Name of Area Gerbera Marigold Rose

Area Production Area Production Area Production

(Hector) (Cut flower) (Hector) (Tonnes) (Hector) (Tonnes)

Nainital 24.50 753.88 10.50 15.00 4.00 4.22

Dehradun 37.00 24.30 69.00 472.00 5.00 3.75

Haridwar - - 452.00 558.68 73.00 62.78

Total 144.50 2059.40 646.26 1414.23 156.45 151.35

Export of flowers to Holland and other EU countries worth Rs. 1 Cr.

In 2012-13 from Uttarakhand

© 2012 State Horticulture Mission, Government of Uttarakhand.

 Government Programs and Policies
• The agricultural and processed food products export
development authority (APEDA), the nodal organization
• Has introduced several schemes for promoting floriculture
exports from the country including -
– Development of infrastructure
– Packaging
– Market development
– Subsidy on airfreight for export of cut flowers and tissue-
cultured plants
– Database up-gradation
– Import duties have also been reduced on cut flowers, flower
seeds, tissue-cultured plants, etc.
– Setting up of walk in type cold storage has been allowed at the
International airports for storage of export produce.
 Government Programs and Policies
• Integrated Development Of Commercial Floriculture
Aim: Improvement in production and productivity of traditional as well as
cut flowers through:
– Availability of quality planting material
– Production of off season and quality flowers through protected
cultivation
– Improvement in post harvest handling of flowers
– Training persons for a scientific floriculture

• Indian Council Of Agricultural Research and Council Of Scientific And

Industrial Research
– Crop improvement
– Standardization of agro-techniques including improved propagation
methods
– Plant protection and post harvest management
 Ghazipur Flower Market, Delhi
FLOWER MARKET COMMITTEE

• Established in January 1997 to regulate the trade of

flowers.
• Aim: To provide infrastructural facilities to the market
users and to protect the interest of the farmers and
give them a stable platform for selling their produce.
• Presently the committee is having 421 valid licenses
holder under:
1. Traders (Auction) - 212 (A category)
2. Commission Agent - 209 (B category)

Flowers came from all over India in Ghazipur market.

 Supply Chain of Flowers
Ghazipur Mandi

Farmer Mandi Retailer Customer

Traders Wholesaler
 Trader’s Commission

10% Govt. traders

Commission

5% Other 5% Personal

4% Packaging &
1% Govt.
Transportation

Local agent charges 2-3% commission. 2% from farmers and 3 % from retailer.
 Demand Uncertainty
• Demand is uncertain in flower sector. Mostly depend on final
customer side.
• Quick forecasting can be done during festivals, pooja and
wedding seasons.
• Price also increases during peak time.

There is always minimum 10 % Wastage of flowers: Acc. To

Delhi agent.
Haridwar (Marigold Pricing)

Flower Market Quantity (Quintals) Price (per kg)

Haridwar Agent 5-6 20-30 Rs

Total Kankhala Mandi 15-20 20-30 Rs

*Commission 5% from Farmers and
retailers each

Price can go as low as 5/- Rs/kg during slack demand and 70-80 Rs/kg during diwali and other festivals. Maximum 100 Rs/kg
of Marigold. Wet Marigold can’t be sold and create huge losses during rainfall
 Supply Chain of Marigold

Farmer Agent Retailer Customer

20-30 Rs/Kg 20600-20900 40-50 Rs/kg

2% Rs/Quintal
3%
Commission commissio
farmers n Retailers

Profit 1000-1500 Rs/Quintal

Haridwar
(Rose Pricing)

Flower Market Quantity (kgs) Price (per kg)

Haridwar Agent 30-40 kg 70-80 Rs

Total Mandi 70-100 kg 70-80 Rs

*Commission excluded

Price can go as low as 5 Rs/kg and yield increases upto15-20 kg per farm in April. During this time of the year rose water
(Gulkand) and other rose related products are manufactured.
 Storage of Flowers
Loose roses & marigolds are kept at room temperature.
• Mandi Agent:
Shelf life of Marigold: 1 day
Shelf life of loose rose: 1-2 day
• Retailer Outlet:
Shelf life of Marigold : 3-4 days
Shelf life of loose rose: 3-4 days
 Type of Packaging

http://www.fedex.com/us/packaging/guides/Flowers_fxcom.pdf
 Roorkee Retailer Side of Story

Roorkee Retailer Quantity Cost Price Selling Price

Marigold Acc. To Customer 50 Rs/kg 70-80 Rs/kg

Cut Rose 80-100 stems 15 Rs/Stem 20 Rs/Stem

Total wastage acc. to Roorkee shopkeeper is 25 %

 Summary
• It’s an unorganised sector as we found different
commission rates in Delhi (10%) and Haridwar (5%)
• Exports has shown a decreasing trend. That is a concern
for farmers and lack of Govt. support.
• Involvement of corporate sectors, provide livelihood
and means of self employment.
• Subsidy for storage
 Sources
• http://delagrimarket.nic.in/index.asp
• http://apeda.gov.in/apedawebsite/six_head_product/flori
culture.htm
• http://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/farm-based-
enterprises/floriculture
• http://www.uou.ac.in/programme/ccfp10
• http://shm.uk.gov.in/pages/display/6-state-profile
• http://agricoop.nic.in/
• http://www.mapsofindia.com/my-india/government/the-
flower-power