ASSIGNMENT-1

1. In an oxygen-nitrogen gas mixture at 101.3 kPa and 298 K, the concentrations of oxygen
at two planes 2 mm apart are 20 and 10% by volume respectively. Calculate the flux of
diffusion of oxygen for the cases where: (i) nitrogen is non-diffusing (ii) there is
equimolar counter diffusion of the two gases. Diffusivity of O2 in N2 is 1.81 × 10–5 m2 /s.
2. Derive expressions for Steady state diffusion of A through non diffusing B and equimolar
counter diffusion in liquid
3. Oxygen is diffusing in a mixture of oxygen-nitrogen at 1 std atm at 25oC concentration of
oxygen at planes 2 apart are 10 and 20% volume respectively. Nitrogen is non diffusing
(a) Derive the appropriate expression to calculate the flux oxygen Define the units of each
term (b) Calculate the rate of diffusion of oxygen. The diffusivity of oxygen in nitrogen is
189 × 10–9 m2 /s.
4. Derive from the first principle the general rate equation for the steady state unidirectional
molecular diffusion in gases at rest and in laminar flow for the following cases. (i) For
diffusion of A through non-diffusing B. (ii) For equimolar counter diffusion
5. Ammonia is diffusing through a stagnant mixture consisting of one third Nitrogen and
two-thirds Hydrogen by volume. The total pressure is 1 atm and the temperature is 200oC.
Calculate the rate of diffusion of ammonia through a film of gas 0.5mm thick, when
ammonia concentration changes across the film is 12% and 7% by volume. The
diffusivities at 200oC and 1 atm pressure are DAB = 5.391 X 10-5 m2/s and DBC = 1.737 X
10-4 m2/s.
6. Explain how mass transfer operations are classified in detail with suitable examples.
7. a). Oxygen (A) is diffusing through carbon monoxide (B) under steady state conditions,
with equimolar counter current diffusion. The total pressure is 1x105N/m2, and the
temperature 0oC. The partial pressure of oxygen at two planes 2.0 mm apart is,
respectively, 13000 and 6500 N/m2. The diffusivity for the mixture is 1.87 x 10-5 m2/s.
Calculate the rate of diffusion of oxygen in Kmol/s through each square meter of the two
planes
8. Calculate the rate of diffusion of acetic acid (A) across a film of non-diffusing water (B)
which is 1 mm thick at 290 K if the concentrations of acetic acid on the opposite sides of
the film are 9% and 3% respectively. The densities of 9% and 3% solutions are 1012
kg/m3 and 1003.2 kg/m3 respectively. The diffusivity of acetic acid in water is 0.95 × 10–9
m2 /s.
9. Define: (A) Mass fraction, (B) Mole fraction, (C) Molar concentration, (D) Mass
average velocity, and (E) Molar average velocity.
10. Define molecular diffusion.
11. What is the effect of pressure and temperature on absorption?
12. Differences between two fluxes JA and NA.
13. Write the limitations of McCabe Thiele method.
14. Define and classify azeotropes.
15. State Fick‘s Law of Diffusion.
16. Write the significance of relative volatility in distillation.
17. Define total reflux.
18. What is meant by gas film controlling the mass transfer?
19. What is the effect of temperature and pressure in diffusivity of gases?
20. Give two examples for gas absorption?