POPULATION(NTSE)

CHAPTER AR A GLANCE:

 POPULATION IS AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT IN SOCIAL SCIENCE.

 CENSUS IS AN OFFICIAL ENUMERATION OF POPULATION,
DONE PERIODICALLY. ( EACH 10 YEARS).
 AS PE 2011 CENSUS THE POPULATION OF INDIA IS
1,210,193,422.
 UTTAR PRADESH IS MOST POPULOU S STATE AND SIKKIM IS
LEAST POPULOUS STATE.
 POPULATION SIZE IS OBTAINED FROM THE CENSUS.
 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION DEFINES THE DENSITY AND
DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION.
 POPULATION DENSITY IS DEFINED AS NO. OF PERSONS PER
UNIT AREA.
 DENSE POPULATED REGIONS-( MORE THAN 250
PERSONS/SQUARE KM):UTTAR PRADESH, BIHAR ,WEST
BENGAL, PUNJAB, KERALA. – BECAUSE: FLATLAND, FERTILE
SOIL,ABUNDANT RAIN FALL.
 SPARSE POPULATED AREAS-(LESS THAN 100 PERSONS/SQUARE
KM):RAJASTHAN, SIKKIM, JAMMU AND KASHMIR,HIMACHAL
PRADESH, ARUNACHAL PRADESH. BECAUSE:UNFAVOURABLE
CLIMATE,RUGGED TERRAIN, LOW ECONOMIC ACTIVITY.
 POPULATION GROWTH IS DEFINED AS CHANGE OF
POPULATION IN NUMBER OF HABBITANTS OF A COUNTRY
DURING A PERIOD. IT IS EXPRESSED IN TWO WAYS: ABSOLUTE
NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE CHANGE PER YEAR.
 POPULATION CHANGE INVOLVES THREE PROCESS: BIRTH RATE,
DEATH RATE AND MIGRATION.
 QUALITY OF POPULATION CAN BE ASSESSED BY:-AGE
COMPOSITION, SEX RATIO, HEALTH CONDITION, OCUPATION
STRUCTURE,& LITERACY RATE.
 AGE STRUCTURE-
 CHILDREN ( BELOW 15 YEARS)
 WORKING AGE(15YEARS –59 YEARS)
 AGED(ABOVE 59 YEARS).
 OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE-
 PRIMARY
 SECONDARY
 TERTIARY
 ADOLESCENT POPULATION-
 CONSTITUTE 1/5TH OF TOTAL POPULATION
 AGE GROUP-10 TO 19 YEARS.
 IMPORTANT RESOURCE FOR FUTURE.
 NPP2000 PUT GREATER EMPHASIS ON THEIR NEEDS
 NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY -
 FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMME INITIATED IN 1952.
 FREE AND COMPULSORY SCHOOL EDUCATION.
 REDUCING INFANT MORTALITY RATE.
 UNIVERSAL IMMUNISATION OF CHILDREN. PREVENT
CHILD MARRIAGE.
 FAMILY WELFARE APEOPLE CENTRED PROGRAMME.