Exp 8

Reagent: Ethyl alcohol

Formula: C2H5OH
Melting Point: -114.1 deg C
Boiling Point: 78 deg C
Hazards: Causes severe eye irritation.
Flammable liquid and vapor.
Causes respiratory tract irritation.
This substance has caused adverse reproductive and fetal effects in humans.
May cause central nervous system depression.
May cause liver, kidney and heart damage.
Causes moderate skin irritation.

Reagent: Orcinol
Formula: C7 H8 O2
Melting Point: 105 - 110 °C / 221 - 230 °F
Boiling Point: 290 - 290 °C / 554 - 554 °F
Hazards: Harmful if swallowed
Causes skin irritation
Causes serious eye irritation

Reagent: Ammonia
Formula: NH3
Melting Point: -69 deg C
Boiling Point: 27 deg C
Hazards: Toxic if inhaled.
Causes burns by all exposure routes.
Harmful if swallowed.
May cause pulmonary edema.
Very toxic to aquatic organisms.

Reagent: Nitric Acid

Formula: HNO3
Melting Point: -42 deg C
Boiling Point: 86 deg C
Hazards: May be fatal if inhaled.
Causes severe eye and skin burns.
Causes severe respiratory and digestive tract burns.
Strong oxidizer.
Contact with other material may cause a fire.
Acute pulmonary edema or chronic obstructive lung disease may occur from inhalation of the
vapors of nitric acid.
Corrosive to metal.

Reagent: Ammonium Molybdate

Formula: (NH4)6Mo7O24
Melting Point: 90° C
Boiling Point: 190° C (dec.)
Hazards: Harmful if swallowed
Causes skin irritation
Causes serious eye irritation
Harmful in contact with skin
Harmful if inhaled
May cause respiratory irritation

Reagent: Copper (II) Sulfate

Formula: CuSO4
Melting Point: 110 deg C
Boiling Point: 150 deg C
Hazards: Causes irritation and possible burns by all routes of exposure.
Harmful if swallowed.
Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air).
Severe marine pollutant.

Reagent: Sodium bisulfite

Formula: NaHSO3
Melting Point: 150 °C
Boiling Point: 315 °C
Hazards: Harmful if swallowed
May cause respiratory irritation

Reagent: Sodium carbonate

Formula: Na2CO3
Melting Point: 851 deg C
Boiling Point: 1600 deg C @ 760 mmHg
Hazards: Harmful if inhaled.
Causes eye and skin irritation.
May cause respiratory tract irritation.
Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air).

Reagent: Benedict’s Reagent

Formula: C7H10CuNa2O15S
Melting Point: N/A
Boiling Point: 110-120 deg C
Hazards: Harmful if swallowed.
May cause allergic skin reaction.
May cause blood abnormalities.
May cause severe eye and skin irritation with possible burns.
May cause respiratory and digestive tract irritation and possible burns.
May cause adverse reproductive effects.
May cause liver and kidney damage.

Reagent: Sulfuric acid

Formula: H2SO4
Melting Point: 10 deg C
Boiling Point: 290 - 338 deg C
Hazards: Causes eye and skin burns.
Causes digestive and respiratory tract burns.
May be fatal if mist inhaled.
Strong inorganic acid mists containing sulfuric acid may cause cancer.
Concentrated sulfuric acid reacts violently with water and many other substances under certain
conditions.
May cause lung damage.
Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air).
Corrosive to metal.

Reagent: Hydrochloric acid

Formula: HCl
Melting Point: -66 deg C
Boiling Point: 83 deg C @ 760 mmHg
Hazards: Causes eye and skin burns.
Causes digestive and respiratory tract burns.
May be fatal if inhaled or swallowed.
Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause erosion of exposed teeth.
Corrosive to metal.
Exp 9
Reagent: Benzidine Reagent
Formula: C12H12N2
Melting point: 122 to 125 °C (252 to 257 °F; 395 to 398 K)
Boiling point: 400 °C (752 °F; 673 K)
Hazards: Highly flammable.
May cause cancer.
Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if
swallowed.
Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment

Reagent: Hydrogen Peroxide

Formula: H202
Melting point: -33 deg C
Boiling point: 108 deg C @ 760 mmHg
Hazards: Strong oxidizer.
Contact with other material may cause a fire.
Eye contact may result in permanent eye damage.
Corrosive.
Causes eye and skin irritation and possible burns.
May be harmful if swallowed.
May cause severe respiratory tract irritation with possible burns.
May cause severe digestive tract irritation with possible burns.
May cause blood abnormalities.
Light sensitive.
May cause central nervous system effects.

Reagent: Sodium chloride

Formula: NaCl
Melting point: 801 deg C
Boiling point: 1461 deg C @ 760 mmHg
Hazards: May cause eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation.
Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air).

Reagent: Acetic Acid

Formula: C2H4O2
Melting point: 16.6 deg C
Boiling point: 117 - 118 deg C
Hazards: Causes severe eye and skin burns.
Causes severe digestive and respiratory tract burns.
Flammable liquid and vapor.
May be harmful if absorbed through the skin.
Glacial acetic acid solidifies below 62 蚌 (17 蚓).
Corrosive to metal.

Reagent: Guiac Solution

Formula:
Melting point:
Boiling point:
Hazards:

Reagent: Glacial Acetic Acid

Formula: C2H4O2
Melting point: 16.6 deg C
Boiling point: 117 - 118 deg C
Hazards: Causes severe eye and skin burns.
Causes severe digestive and respiratory tract burns.
Flammable liquid and vapor.
May be harmful if absorbed through the skin.
Glacial acetic acid solidifies below 62°F (17°C).
Corrosive to metal.

Reagent: Ether
Formula: (C2H5)2O
Melting point: -116 deg C
Boiling point: 34.6 deg C @ 760 mmHg
Hazards: Extremely flammable liquid and vapor.
Vapor may cause flash fire.
Breathing vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness.
Harmful if swallowed.
Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.
Causes eye and skin irritation.
May cause respiratory tract irritation.
Aspiration hazard if swallowed.
Can enter lungs and cause damage.
May form explosive peroxides.
Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air).
Exp 10
Reagent: Benzidine Reagent
Formula: C12H12N2
Melting point: 122 to 125 °C (252 to 257 °F; 395 to 398 K)
Boiling point: 400 °C (752 °F; 673 K)
Hazards: Highly flammable.
May cause cancer.
Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if
swallowed.
Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment

Reagent: Hydrogen Peroxide

Formula: H202
Melting point: -33 deg C
Boiling point: 108 deg C @ 760 mmHg
Hazards: Strong oxidizer.
Contact with other material may cause a fire.
Eye contact may result in permanent eye damage.
Corrosive.
Causes eye and skin irritation and possible burns.
May be harmful if swallowed.
May cause severe respiratory tract irritation with possible burns.
May cause severe digestive tract irritation with possible burns.
May cause blood abnormalities.
Light sensitive.
May cause central nervous system effects.

Reagent: Acetic Acid

Formula: C2H4O2
Melting point: 16.6 deg C
Boiling point: 117 - 118 deg C
Hazards: Causes severe eye and skin burns.
Causes severe digestive and respiratory tract burns.
Flammable liquid and vapor.
May be harmful if absorbed through the skin.
Glacial acetic acid solidifies below 62 蚌 (17 蚓).
Corrosive to metal.

Reagent: Nitric Acid

Formula: HNO3
Melting Point: -42 deg C
Boiling Point: 86 deg C
Hazards: May be fatal if inhaled.
Causes severe eye and skin burns.
Causes severe respiratory and digestive tract burns.
Strong oxidizer.
Contact with other material may cause a fire.
Acute pulmonary edema or chronic obstructive lung disease may occur from inhalation of the
vapors of nitric acid.
Corrosive to metal.

Reagent: Sodium Nitroprusside

Formula: Na2[Fe(CN)5NO] • 2H2O
Melting Point: N/A
Boiling Point: N/A
Hazards: Toxic if swallowed

Reagent: Fehlings A
Formula:
Melting Point: Approx 100 deg C
Boiling Point: Approx. 0 deg C
Hazards: Corrosive.
Causes eye and skin burns.
Harmful if swallowed.
May cause severe respiratory tract irritation with possible burns.
May cause severe digestive tract irritation with possible burns.

Reagent: Fehlings B
Formula:
Melting Point:
Boiling Point:
Hazards: Corrosive.
Causes eye and skin burns.
Harmful if swallowed.
May cause severe respiratory tract irritation with possible burns.
May cause severe digestive tract irritation with possible burns.

Reagent: Ammonium Hydroxide

Formula: NH4OH
Melting Point: -69 deg C
Boiling Point: 27 deg C
Hazards: Toxic if inhaled.
Causes burns by all exposure routes.
Harmful if swallowed.
May cause pulmonary edema.
Very toxic to aquatic organisms.