Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter02 150708080058 Lva1 App6892 PDF
Chapter02 150708080058 Lva1 App6892 PDF
E2-E3: CIVIL
CHAPTER-2
In practice, con tinuous beams, frame anal ysis under horizontal loads
are almost always solved by a computer. Sometimes, an building is
divided into frames in both the principal directions. All the frames
with the vertical and the horizontal loads are put in the computer a nd
the solution is got which includes the complete design of beams at all
the floor levels. Column loads are then assembled manuall y. Column
design under biaxial bending at all levels is done by a computer
program.
Comparison
– 3 - d a n a l ys i s a l m o s t i m p o s s i b l e
Graphics Environment
Model Generation
Eas y auto mesh and auto refinement of user -defines polygonal
element boundary by simple mouse clicks, including openings and
column/wall lines.
Unlimited Undo and Redo.
More structure wizard models including user -defined parametric
structures to create any structural template.
2D and 3D graphic generation using rectangular, cylindrical and
reverse cylindrical coordinates systems.
Segments of repetitive geometry may be used to generate complex
structural models.
Generate,copy,repeat,mirror,pivot,etc.for quick and easy geometry
generation.
Comprehensive graphics editing.
Library of commonly used structures can be picked and display of
properties, loadings, supports, orientations etc.
Graphical specification and display of properties, loadings, supports,
orientations etc.
Import/Export Auto Cad 2D/3D/ DXF or C IS/2 files to start your
model.
Access to text editor to modify model quickl y through command
s yntax.
User-controlled scale factors for deflected or mode shapes.
Intelligent objects (beams, plates, columns) to report geometry.
Structure Wizard to create parametric templates, meshes with holes
and curved surfaces.
Eas y “snap -to” construction grid for laying out beams and columns
on irregular grids.
Step-by-to hand calculations including all formulae, intermediate
results, and code clauses for steel and concrete design.
Graphicall y displaying built -up sections and customized shapes in
3D within the STAAD. Pro environment.
Design Codes
Steel Design
Design codes include AISC (ASD and LRFD and & 3 r d Ed.), AIS I
and AASHTO. Optional codes available include ASCE 52, BS5400,
BS5950, Canadian, South Africa, Chinese, French, German,
Japanese, Indian, Scandinavian, Mexican (NTC a nd CFE), Eurocode
and much more.
Built-in-steel tables including AISC (7 t h -9 t h Editions), Australian,
British, Canadian, Chinese, European, India, Japanese, Korean,
Mexican, Russian and South Africa.
Shapes include I-Beams with or without cover plates, channels,
angles, double angles/channels, pipes and tubes (HSS Sections).
User-specified design parameters including sides way, stiffeners,
welding, net section factor, drift and deflection.
Code check, member selection consisting of anal ysis/design cycle s.
Calculation of Effective Length Factors (K Factors) for Steel Design.
Powerful grouping command to design disjointed members as a
physical member.
Concrete Design
Design of concrete beam/columns/slabs per AC I 318 -02, 318-95.
Also footing design pe r ACI 318-02. Optional codes include BS8007,
BS8110, Canadian, French, German, Spanish, Scandinavian,
Japanese, Chinese, Australian, South African, Singaporean and
Indian Codes IS -456-2000.
Design circular, rectangular, I and L shaped, trapezoidal and Tee
sections.
Numerical and graphical design outputs with complete reinforcement
details.
Interactive concrete design and detailing with bar scheduling and
interactive rebar layout.
Design “Physical members” by combining separate beam entities as
one with full step-by-step calculation sheets for verification.
Full, integrated rectangular shear wall anal ysis and design (including
openings) with output including forces at different heights along the
wall (axial, shear and moment in -plane and out -of-plane bending
moment), automatic meshing of the wall, horizontal and vertical
shear and edge reinforcements at different heights.
– P-delta
– Non-linear
– Non-Linear Cable
Structural Analysis
Ideali zation to a
Real mathematical Solution
world model of the
problem model
Element Types
Structural Elements
Line
• Truss
• Beam
• Surface
• Plate/ Shell
• Surface
• Solid
Structure Types
STRUCTURAL
TYPES :
Y
TRUSS (2D)
TRUSS (3D)
GY X
Z
GX
GZ
Boundary Condition
• Partially re strained w/
Spring s
• Inclined
• Multilinear
• Basic Design
– Steel
– Concrete
Static Analysis
• Geometric Modeling
• Material Properties
• Sectional Properties
• Supports : Boundary Conditions
• Loads & Load combinations
• Special Commands
• Anal ysis Specification
• Design Command
Geometric Modeling
• Nodal Co-ordinate Data
• Selection of Elements : Element Library
• Beam Elements : Beams, Columns, Truss Members
• Plate Elements : Structural Walls, Floor Slabs
Surface Element:
– Rectangular
– Poisson’s Ratio
– Weight Density
– Thermal Coefficient
– Damping Ratio
– Shear Modulus
• Geometric Constant
– Beta ( ) Angle
– Reference Point
LOADS
• Self Weight
• Joint Loads
– Concentrated Load & Moments
• Member Loads
– Uniform Force & Moment (Full / Partial) (d1, d2, d3)
– L i n e a r V a r yi n g & T r a p e z o i d a l L o a d
– H yd r o s t a t i c T r a p e z o i d a l L o a d
– T e m p e r a t u r e L o a d ( x , y, z )
LOADS
– C o n c e n t r a t e d F o r c e ( x , y)
– T r a p e z o i d a l & H yd r o s t a t i c T r a p e z o i d a l L o a d
• Dynamic Loads
– Time History
– Response Spectrum
– Repeat Load
– Importance Factor
– T yp e o f S t r u c t u r e
DESIGN
• Once anal ysis is completed for different load combination design
will be perform for load env elope case.
• Concrete Design can be done either using IS456 or for ductile
detailing IS-13920 can also be used.
Using STAAD Pro for analysis & design the Building as a whole
Steps in design
1. Manual design of slabs, stairs, chajjas, non -grid beams, etc.
2. Preparing data for STAA PRO program at all levels i.e
generation of model, load intensities at al l floors and wall load
as u.d.l, support conditions, material properties etc
3. Using computer, feeding data and getting the out -put. It gives
beam and column design at all levels and it also gives column
loads for design of foundations..
4. Manual design of footings.
After anal ysis and design by STAAD Pro software we have to note
down area of steel for column at various levels & grouping is done
accordingl y.
The drawings are prepared floor -wise, starting from the foundation,
plinth beam and upwards and issued to the site for execution in the
same order.
416 414 415; 417 416 417; 418 417 418; 419 401 407; 420 407 419;
421 419 413;
422 402 408; 423 408 420; 424 420 414; 425 403 409; 426 409 421;
427 421 415;
428 404 410; 429 410 422; 430 422 416; 431 405 411; 432 411 423;
433 423 417;
434 406 412; 435 412 424; 436 424 418; 437 425 426; 501 501 502;
502 503 504;
503 501 503; 504 502 504; 1001 1 101; 1002 101 201; 1003 201 301;
1004 301 401;
2001 2 102; 2002 102 202; 2003 202 302; 2004 302 402; 3001 3 103;
3002 103 203;
3003 203 303; 3004 303 403; 4001 4 104; 4002 104 204; 4003 204 304;
4004 304 404; 5001 5 105; 5002 105 205; 5003 205 305; 5004 305 405;
6001 6 106;
6002 106 206; 6003 206 306; 6004 306 406; 7001 7 107; 7002 107 207;
7003 207 307; 7004 307 407; 8001 8 108; 8002 108 208; 8003 208 308;
8004 308 408; 9001 9 109; 9002 109 209; 9003 209 309; 9004 309 409;
9005 409 501; 10001 10 110; 10002 110 210; 10003 210 310; 10004
310 410;
10005 410 502; 11001 11 111; 11002 111 211; 11003 211 311; 11004
311 411;
12001 12 112; 12002 112 212 ; 12003 212 312; 12004 312 412; 13001
13 113;
13002 113 213; 13003 213 313; 13004 313 413; 14001 14 114; 14002
114 214;
14003 214 314; 14004 314 414; 15001 15 115; 15002 115 225; 15003
225 215;
15004 215 325; 15005 325 315; 15006 315 425; 15007 425 415; 15 008
415 503;
16001 16 116; 16002 116 226; 16003 226 216; 16004 216 326; 16005
326 316;
16006 316 426; 16007 426 416; 16008 416 504; 17001 17 117; 17002
117 217;
17003 217 317; 17004 317 417; 18001 18 118; 18002 118 218; 18003
218 318;
18004 318 418;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROP IC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 23.5616
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
DES IGN COLUMN 1001 TO 1004 2001 TO 2004 3001 TO 3004 4001
TO 4004 -
5001 TO 5004 6001 TO 6004 7001 TO 7004 8001 TO 8004 9001 TO
9005 -
10001 TO 10005 11001 TO 11004 12001 TO 12004 13001 TO 13 004
14001 TO 14004 -
15001 TO 15008 16001 TO 16008 17001 TO 17004 18001 TO 18004
DES IGN BEAM 101 TO 137 201 TO 237 301 TO 337 401 TO 437 501
TO 504
CONCRETE TAKE
END CONCRETE DESIGN
FINISH
Questions
1. Which t ype of anal ysis can be carried out by STAAD -PRO?
2. Which t ypes of structures are supported in STAAD -PRO?
3. Which structural components are called as beam elements in
STAAD-PRO?
4. What is the sequence of commands in a STAAD -PRO input file?
5. What are th e t ypes of structures that can be designed using
STAAD-PRO?
6. What are the t ypes of loads that can be applied on structural
model in STAAD-PRO?
7. What are t he sectional shapes that can be designed in RCC
design in STAAD-PRO?
8. What are the coordinate systems that are used for graphical
generation of model in STAAD -PRO?
9. Whether numbering scheme of members in STAAD-PRO building
model the can be User controlled?
10 Which unit s ystem can be used in STAAD-PRO?