ABSTRACT

Sartika Suardi, 2014. Improving Students’ Speaking Ability Through 3-

Dimension Pictures of Second Year Students at SMK Negeri 1 Sidenreng in
Academic Year 2013-2014. Supervised by Usman M and Andi Asrifan.
The objective of the research was to find out whether or not the use of 3
Dimension pictures can improve students’ speaking ability.
This research employed Quasi-experimental method that applied
experimental and control class.
The population of this research was the second year student at SMK Negeri
1 Sidenreng in academic year 2013-2014 there were 220 students spread in 4
departments (Accounting, Admistration, TKJ, and Marketing) and each department
separed in 2-3 classes, each class consist appropriately 20-30 students. The researcher
took random the departments and chose accounting as the representative and then the
classes in accounting were selected randomly, the number of total sample is 40
students. The instrument that used in this research was speaking test.
The result of this research showed that the experimental group got the mean
score (69.4) while the control group got mean score (56.35). This showed that there
was significant difference between the students who were taught by using 3-
Dimension pictures and those who were taught without using 3- Dimension pictures.
The result of the t-test value (3.271) was greater than t-table (  = 0.05: 38 =
2.042). This means that H1 was accepted. The study concluded that the second year
students at SMK Negeri 1 Sidenreng had an excellent in speaking ability caused by
applying the 3- Dimension pictures.

ABSTRAK

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 Sartika Suardi, 2014. Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbicara Melalui
Gambar 3 Dimensi Siswa kelas 2 SMK Negeri 1 Sidenreng Tahun Ajaran 2013-2014.
Dibimbing oleh Usman M dan Andi Asrifan.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan apakah penggunaan gambar 3
dimensi dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi-eksperimental yang
mengaplikasikan kelas eksperimental dan kelas kontrol.
Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas dua SMK Negeri 1 Sidenreng
tahun ajaran 2013-2014, terdapat 220 siswa yang terbagi dalam 4 jurusan (Akuntansi,
Administrasi, TKJ, dan Penjualan) dan setiap jurusan terbagi dalam 2-3 kelas, setiap
kelas terdiri dari 20-30 siswa. Peneliti memilih secara acak semua jurusan dan
memilih Akuntansi sebagai perwakilan dan kemudian kelas pada jurusan Akuntansi
dipilih secara acak, total sample pada penelitian ini adalah 40 siswa. Instrumen pada
penelitian ini adalah tes berbicara.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kelas eksperimen mendapat
mean skor (69.4) sementara kelas kontrol mendapar mean skor (56.35). Hal ini
menunjukkan, terdapat perbedaan yang siknifikan antara siswa yang diajar
menggunakan gambar 3 dimensi dengan siswa yang tidak diajar menggunakan
gambar 3 dimensi.
Hasil dari nilai t-test (3.271) lebih besar dari t-table (  = 0.05: 38 = 2.042).
Hal ini berarti, H1 telah diterima. Kesimulan dari penelitian ini adalah Siswa kelas 2
SMK Negeri 1 Sidenreng memperoleh hasil yang memuaskan dalam kemampuan
berbicara disebabkan oleh pengaplikasian Gambar 3 Dimensi.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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 Alhamdulillahi Rabbil Alamin, without the blessing of the almighty Allah

SWT, the researcher would have never been able to begin and finish writing this

skripsi. The researcher realizes that this skripsi could have never been completed

without the assistance of a number of people. Therefore, the researcher would very

much like to acknowledge them.

Drs. H. Rasyid Yunus, M.Pd. the rector of STKIP Muhammadiyah Sidrap.

She is grateful to the Dean of English Department STKIP Muhammadiyah

Sidrap Dra. Hj. Nuraini Kasman, M.Pd. for her help, advice and encouragement.

Her deepest gratitude is due to her first consultant Usman M, S.Pd., S.I.P.,

M.Pd. to her second consultant Andi Asrifan, S.Pd., M.Pd. who patiently guided and

supported by providing his suggestion, motivation, and corrections.

The lectures and the staff of STKIP Muhammadiyah Sidrap for their guidance

during the years of her study.

Her endless gratitude goes to the headmaster and the teachers of English of

SMK Negeri 1 Sidenreng for their permission that the researcher could carry out

research in this school.

Her deepest thanks are due to the students of the second year students of SMK

Negeri 1 Sidenreng, especially for class XI Accounting 1 and class XI Accounting 2

who sanctified their activities and time for being the sample in this researcher.

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 Many thanks also for best friends, Hasrah, Silvy Risnayanthy, Nur Qhadri

Natsir, Kasmirah Lamba, Suarsih, Irmariyani Rusli, Mayasari, Ariani, Emi Nur

Fahmi, Harmoko, Herni, Dandi Wardana and the big family of afternoon class (2010)

and for all who have given their help to the writing of this skripsi.

Her endless thanks go to the all the executive board of English Student

Association (ESA) of STKIP MUHAMMADIYAH Sidrap who always patiently

support, motivate and pray for her achievement.

Her loveliest appreciation goes to her beloved father Suardi Bakri and her

mother Nuraini, her brothers Satriadi Suardi and Sulkifli Suardi, her sister Nurul

Hikmah Suardi, and all her relatives who always expect for the best of her and pray

all the time for her success.

May the Almighty Allah SWT bless us now and forever

Pangkajene, 14 Januari 2014

SARTIKA SUARDI

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

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HALAMAN JUDUL ........................................................................................... i

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................ ii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................. iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. vi

LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................ix

LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................xi

LIST OF APPENDIXES ................................................................................ xii

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION

A. Background..........................................................................1

B. Problem statement .............................................................. 7

C. Objectives of the research .................................................. 7

D. Significant of the research ..................................................7

E. The scope of the research ................................................... 8

CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. The previous related research findings ............................ 10

B. Some pertinent ideas ........................................................ 12

1. Speaking.......................................................................12

a. The nature of speaking.............................................12

b. The concept of speaking..........................................16

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 c. The characteristics of speaking................................24

d. The development approach of speaking skill..........26

e. Problems with speaking activities...........................29

f. The elements of speaking........................................31

g. Aspects of speaking.................................................33

h. Types of classroom speaking performance..............34

i. Teaching speaking...................................................36

j. The proccess of teaching speaking..........................37

k. The speaking teaching methodology.......................39

l. Approaches to the teaching of speaking skill..........45

2. The nature of 3- Dimension pictures.......................... 47

C. Resume ..............................................................................49

D. Conceptual framework ......................................................50

E. Hypothesis .........................................................................52

CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD

A. Research design ....................................................................

53

B. Research variables and operational definition of the

research variables..............................................................55

C. Population and sample ......................................................56

D. Instrument of the research .................................................58

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 E. Procedure of collecting data ..............................................59

F. Treatment .................................................................59

G. Technique of data analysis ................................................62

CHAPTER IV : FINDING AND DISCUSSION

A. Finding................................................................................

68

B. Discussion .....................................................................78

CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion......................................................................81

B. Suggestion .....................................................................82

BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................83

APPENDIXES ..................................................................................................87

CURRICULUM VITAE .....................................................................................132

LIST OF TABLES

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 Page

Table 3.1 : Research design ................................................................................54

Table 3.2 : The Population of the research ..........................................................57

Table 3.3 : The sample of the experimental group (EG)......................................58

Table 3.4 : The sample of the control group (CG)................................................58

Table 3.5 : The Scoring Classification for Accuracy............................................63

Table 3.6 : The Scoring Classification for Fluency..............................................64

Table 3.7 : The Scoring Classification for Comprehensibility.............................65

Table 3.8 : The Scoring Classification of the Students’ Speaking Abilities.........66

Table 4.1 : The Classification of Students’ Score for Experimental and

Control Groups on Pre-test................................................................69

Table 4.2 : The Mean Score of Experimental and Control Group in Pre-test ......70

Table 4.3 : The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of The Students’

Pre-test for Experimental and Control Group...................................71

Table 4.4 : The Classification of Students’ Score for Experimental Group

and Control Group on Post-test.........................................................72

Table 4.5 : The Mean Score of Experimental and Control Groups in Post-test. . .73

Table 4.6 : The Mean Score and Standard Derivation of Students’ Post-test

for Experimental Group and Control Group......................................74

Table 4.7 : The T-test Value of The Students’ Seaking Ability on

Experimental Group and Control Group...........................................75

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Table 4.8 : The Score of Accuracy in Speaking Both Experimental and

Control Groups...................................................................................76

Table 4.9 : The Score of Fluency in Speaking Both Experimental and Control

Groups .............................................................................................77

Table 4.10 : The score of comprehensibility in speaking both experimental and

control groups..................................................................................77

LIST OF FIGURES

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 Page

Figure 1: Conceptual Framework .........................................................................51

Figure 2: Variable Design.....................................................................................55

LIST OF APPENDIXES

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 Page

Appendix 1: The Pre-test.......................................................................................87

Appendix 2: The Post-test ....................................................................................88

Appendix 3: The Treatment..................................................................................89

Appendix 4: Lesson Plan.......................................................................................90

Appendix 5: List of name Students of Class XI Accounting 2 (Experimental)..114

Appendix 6: List of name Students of Class XI Accounting 1 (Control)...........115

Appendix 7: Individual Speaking Score in Pre-test Class XI Accounting

2 (Experimental).............................................................................116

Appendix 8: Individual Speaking Score in Pre-test Class XI Accounting

1 (Control)......................................................................................117

Appendix 9: Individual Speaking Score post-test Class XI Accounting

2 (Experimental).............................................................................118

Appendix 10 : Individual Speaking Score post-test Class XI Accounting 1

(Control).......................................................................................119

Appendix 11 : Critical Value of Students’ Distributions (t)................................120

Appendix 12 : Analyzing of frequency of Individual Speaking Pre-test Score

through SPSS...............................................................................122

Appendix 13 : Analyzing of Frequency of Table in Pre-test through SPSS.......123

Appendix 14 : Histogram of Experimental Group in Pre-test through SPSS......124

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Appendix 15 : Histogram of Control Group in Pre-test through SPSS...............125

Appendix 16 : Independent Sample T-test of Pre-test through SPSS.................126

Appendix 17 : Analyzing of Frequency of Individual speaking Score through

SPSS.............................................................................................127

Appendix 18 : Analyzing of Frequency of Table in Post-test of through SPSS. 128

Appendix 19 : Histogram of Experimental Group in Post-test through SPSS....129

Appendix 20 : Histogram of Control Group in Post-test through SPSS.............130

Appendix 21 : Independent Sample T-test of Post-test through SPSS................131

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