• Acrylic: - Acrylic is a kind of plastic, fabric, fiber, or paint that's made from acrylic acid.

• Emulsion: -Emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible
(unmixable and unblendable)

• Non-staining :-Incapable of being colored by a stain (colored mark)

• Water-based: - Having water as a medium or main ingredient.

• Adhesion:- The ability to stick.

• RMT: - Running metre

• Sagging :-Sinking or bulging downwards underweight or pressure.

• Hogging: - The shape of a beam or similar long object when loading is applied curves
upwards in the middle,

• Aqueduct: - Aqueduct are structures used to conduct a water stream across a hollow or

valley. 

• Viaduct: - A viaduct usually refers to long bridges or series of bridges connected to one

another by arch bridge structures that carries a road or a railway across a valley or a gorge.

• Offshore: - situated at sea some distance from the shore.

• Jetties: - A landing stage or small pier at which boats can dock or be moored.

• Biodegradable: - Capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms and

thereby avoiding pollution.

• BS: - British Standard

• Low modulus: -A low modulus sealant is defined as an elastomeric material with

a modulus at 100 % elongation of up to 0.4 MPa. A flexible material has
a low Young's modulus and changes its shape
 • Polyurethane: - Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer composed of organic units joined by
carbamate (urethane) links. While most polyurethanes are thermosetting polymers that do
not melt when heated, thermoplastic polyurethanes are also available.

• ASTM: - American Society for Testing and Materials

• Fillets: - The process of joining two pieces together whether they be perpendicular or at an
angle.

• Flexibility: - The quality of bending easily without breaking.

• Workability: -Workability means the ease of placement and workable concrete means the

concrete which can be placed and can be compacted easily without any segregation.

• Water Resistant: - Able to resist the penetration of water to some degree but not entirely.

• Rendering: -Rendering is used to coat exterior surfaces of buildings, and contains a higher
percentage of cement within its composition. Rendering is applied to the outside of
buildings to not only make the outside facade more visually appealing, but also provides
waterproofing and fireproofing efficiencies.

• Curing: - Curing of Concrete is a method by which the concrete is protected against loss of

moisture required for hydration and kept within the recommended temperature range.

Benefits

• Increase the strength 

• Decrease the permeability of hardened concrete.

• Mitigating thermal and plastic cracks

• Impact durability of structures.

• Bonding Agent: -The cement within a concrete mix doesn’t contain any natural bonding
agents – so when fresh concrete is added on top of an existing layer of concrete, the two
won’t join together. Once cured, the new concrete will simply sit on top as a separate layer.
This will not produce a strong, serviceable floor.

• Abrasion resistance refers to the ability of an adhesive to resist wearing due to contact with
another surface. Wearing occurs when a hard rough surface slides across a softer surface,

• Impact resistance is a material's ability to withstand intense force or shock applied to it over

a short period of time. ...

• Chemical resistance is the strength of a material to protect against chemical attack

or solvent reaction. 

• Anti-slip :-It designed to prevent slips or to be resistant to slipping.

• Antibacterial means it can kill bacteria or slow their growth

• Anti-static refers to a very specific electrical resistance range of between 10⁹ and 1011
 • Tensile strength: - Tensile strength is a measurement of the force required to pull something
such as rope, wire, or a structural beam to the point where it breaks.

• Compressive strength: -The resistance of a material to breaking under compression.

• Shear strength: - A shear load is a force that tends to produce a sliding failure on a material
along a plane that is parallel to the direction of the force.

• SBR: - Styrene-Butadiene Rubber

• Coving or Hunching: - The process of making corner /edges into a smooth curve for the
purpose of turning of waterproofing membrane.

• Polyamide: - A polyamide is a macromolecule with repeating units linked by amide bonds.

Note They have excellent mechanical properties including high tensile strength, high flexibility, good
resilience, low creep and high impact strength toughness

• Resilience: -The power or ability to return to the original form, position, etc., after being
bent, compressed, or stretched; elasticity.

• Creep: - Creep (sometimes called cold flow) is the tendency of a solid material to move
slowly or deform permanently under the influence of mechanical stresses.

• Granolithic: - Containing fine granite chippings or crushed granite, used to render floors and
surfaces

• Resin: - Resin is a solid or highly viscous substance of plant or synthetic origin that is typically

convertible into polymers. Resins are usually mixtures of organic compounds. 

• Thixotropic: - Thixotropic is a time-dependent shear thinning property. Certain gels or fluids

that are thick or viscous under static conditions will flow (become thin, less viscous) over
time when shaken, agitated, sheared or otherwise stressed (time dependent viscosity).

• Expansion Joint :- In building construction, an expansion joint is a mid-structure separation

designed to relieve stress on building materials caused by building movement induced by:
thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes, sway caused by wind,
vibration, or to allow movement due to ground settlement or seismic activity.

• Construction joint :- A construction joint is a type of concrete joint that is used when a new

section of concrete is poured adjacent to another concrete section that has already set.

• Blow holes are individual, generally rounded, cavities on vertical surfaces of concrete,

generally less than 10 mm across. They are caused by air in the concrete being trapped
against the form face, sometimes due to insufficient vibration.

• Dowel Bar: - Dowel bars are short steel bar used to transfer the load of one structural
member to another.

• Solvent Free: - Solvent-free refers to a substance that contains little or no solvent. Paint,

adhesives, hash oil and epoxy are substances that normally contain very little solvent.

• Corrosion: - damage caused to metal, stone, or other materials by corrosion.

• Consistency: - Flow ability

• Chloride: - Chlorides have little effect on hardened concrete but they increase the risk of
reinforcement corrosion. Corrosion of the reinforcement will be initiated when
the chloride ion concentration at the steel reaches the so called 'threshold level'.

• Beam: -  A beam is a horizontal structural member in a building to resist the lateral loads
applied to the beams axis.

• Column: - A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural

element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other
structural elements below.

• Jacketing of beam: - Jacketing of RC beams is done by enlarging the existing cross section
with a new layer of concrete that is reinforced with both longitudinal and transverse
reinforcement. 

• Pile head: - A pile head is an enlarged concrete section constructed over the top of
a pile which helps spread the supporting force that the pile exerts on the structure it is
holding.

• Phthalates: - Phthalates are chemical compounds used to soften vinyl and form PVC for
construction, automobiles, cosmetics, and more

• Marine structure: -Marine structures are engineering facilities constructed and installed in

coastal zones or open oceans for the exploitation of various marine resources and the
maintenance of its continuous operations.

• Hydrophobic: - Tending to repel or fail to mix with water.

• Acid: - PH value is less than 7

• Alkalis: - PH value is more than 7

• Injection Grouting: - Injection grouting is a process of filling the cracks, voids or honeycombs
under pressure in concrete or masonry structural members for repairing of cracks,
strengthening of damaged concrete or masonry structural members

• Viscosity: - Viscosity denotes opposition to flow. 

• MDI Based (Methylene diphenyl isocyanate) Methylene diphenyl isocyanate (MDI) is a

chemical used in the production of polyurethanes for many applications. MDI is used
primarily in the production of rigid polyurethane foams used for insulation for your home or
refrigerator, and many other uses

• Anti-carbonation Coatings: - Anti-carbonation coatings are surface treatments that have a

high resistance to carbon dioxide. They protect concrete from carbonation by acting as a
carbon dioxide barrier. 

• Anchor Grout: - It is used for anchoring reinforcing bars, dowels & holding down bolts.

• Honeycombing: - Honeycombs are hollow spaces and cavities left in concrete mass on the

surface or inside the mass where concrete could not reach. 

• Emulsification: - An emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally

immiscible.
• Fiber board: -  fiberboard is a type of engineered wood product that is made out of wood
fibers.

• Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure that is exerted by a fluid at equilibrium at a given point

within the fluid, due to the force of gravity. Hydrostatic pressure increases in proportion to
depth measured from the surface because of the increasing weight of fluid exerting
downward force from above.

• Flaking: - Flaking is the result of adhesion failure, causing the paint to become ... dirt, grease,
condensation and chalking – all of which can disrupt proper .

• Oxidation Resistance: - (resistance to sealing), the ability of metallic materials to resist

chemical degradation of the surface caused by the action of air or other gaseous mediums at
high temperatures.

• DFT: - Dry Film Thickness

• WFT: - Wet Film Thickness

• The solar reflectance index (SRI) is a measure of the constructed surface's ability to

reflect solar heat, as shown by a small temperature rise. It is defined so that a standard black
surface (reflectance 0.05, emittance 0.90) is 0 and a standard white surface
(reflectance 0.80, emittance 0.90) is 100.

• Aliphatic: - An aliphatic compound is an organic compound containing carbon and hydrogen

joined together in straight chains, branched chains, or non-aromatic rings.

• Tear resistance (or tear strength) is a measure of how well a material can withstand the

effects of tearing. It is a useful engineering measurement for a wide variety of materials by
many different test methods.

• Blister: - A blister is a painful swelling on the surface.

• A butt joint is a technique in which two pieces of material are joined by simply placing their
ends together without any special shaping.

• HDPE:-High-density polyethylene 

• Natural rubber is produced naturally from the native Brazilian plant Hevea brasiliensis. 

• Synthetic rubber is artificially produced from a variety of polymers which provides

the rubber its properties.

• Plasticizers: - Plasticizers is a substance (typically a solvent) added to a synthetic resin to

produce or promote plasticity and flexibility and to reduce brittleness.

• Petroleum: - Petroleum is a naturally occurring liquid found beneath the Earth's surface that
can be refined into fuel. Petroleum is a fossil fuel, meaning that it has been created by the
decomposition of organic matter over millions of years. 

• Bitumen: - A black viscous mixture of hydrocarbons obtained naturally or as a residue from

petroleum distillation. It is used for road surfacing and roofing.

• Tunnel: - A tunnel is an underground passageway, dug through the surrounding

soil/earth/rock and enclosed except for entrance and exit, commonly at each end.
• Culvert: - A tunnel carrying a stream or open drain under a road or railway.

• Facade: - The principal front of a building, that faces on to a street or open space.

• Reservoir: - A large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.

• Bond strength: - The force that resists to separation of mortar and concrete from reinforcing
steel (or other materials with which it is in contact) such as adhesion, friction due to
shrinkage and longitudinal shear in the concrete engaged by bar deformation.\

• VOC: -Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic chemicals that have a high vapor
pressure at ordinary room temperature.

• Laitance: - A weak, milky layer of cement and aggregate fines on a concrete surface that is
usually caused by an over wet mixture, overworking the mixture, improper or excessive
finishing or combination thereof.

• Bleeding: - Bleeding is one form of segregation, where water comes out to the surface of
the concrete, being lowest specific gravity among all the ingredients of concrete.
Degreaser :- A degreaser is a solvent-based or solvent-containing cleaning agent. It is a
chemical product mostly used for the removal of water-insoluble substances such as grease,
paint, oil, lubricants, corrosive products, abrasive dust and all other organic films.
• Quarry tiles: -Quarry tile is a building construction material, usually 1⁄2 to 3⁄4 inch (13 to 19
mm) thick, made by either the extrusion process or more commonly by press forming and
firing natural clay or shales. Quarry tile is manufactured from clay in a manner similar to
bricks.
• Grinding: - To make something into small pieces or a powder by pressing between
hard surfaces.
• Shot blasting is a technological process of removing various impurities from different
surfaces by using abrasive. It is used for a surface protection and also prior-preparation of
surfaces prior to further processing, such as welding, coloring, etc.
• A vacuum cleaner, also known simply as a vacuum, is a device that causes suction in order to
remove debris from floors, upholstery, draperies and other surfaces
• Blinding is the process of pouring a thin layer of concrete over the floor of a new building.
• Mixed density—The density of the material surrounding the hollow space plus
the density of the air inside.
• Relative Humidity: - The amount of water vapour present in air expressed as a percentage
of the amount needed for saturation at the same temperature
• The tack coat will seal the damaged concrete and create a key between existing concrete
and repair materials.
• BRE Screed Test: - The BRE Tester is designed to measure the soundness of a sand / cement
floor screed as early as 14 days after laying. The device consists of a 1-metre-long, cylindrical
guide rod, along which an annular weight of 4 kg (or 2kg) travels when released.
• BS 8204 part 1 2003: - Screed , bases and In situ Flooring
• Flexure tests: - It is generally used to determine the flexural modulus or flexural strength of
a material. A flexure test is more affordable than a tensile test and test results are slightly
different.
• Coves: - Coves are formed by differential erosion, which occurs when softer rocks are worn
away faster than the harder rocks surrounding them. These rocks further erode to form a
circular bay with a narrow entrance, called a cove.
• Patio: - A paved outdoor area adjoining a house.
• Skim Coat: - A skim coat is a thin coat of joint compound—also known as mud—that you can
use to repair or smooth damaged walls. You may need a skim coat if you are repairing a
crack, filling a joint, or leveling an area with an existing flat surface.
• CFTRI: - Central Food Technological Research Institute
• CSIR: - Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
• USFDA: - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or ) is a federal agency of the United
States Department of Health and Human Services
• RAL is a European color matching system which defines colors for paint, coatings and
plastics.
• Antiskid :-Designed to increase friction, and thereby reduce the possibility of skid. (of a
brake system) designed to maintain traction on a slippery surface.
•