Republic of the Philippines

Commission on Higher Education

Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)
Province of Leyte
Municipality of Abuyog
ABUYOG COMMUNITY COLLEGE

MODULE IN TEACHING SCIENCE IN THE ELEMENTARY GRADES

LESSON 5.2 Physical and Chemical Changes in Matter

Physical Change

What is change?

Changes in the phase of matter are physical change. Physical changes are those in which the
identifying properties of substances remained unchanged. During a change of state, the energy of a
substance also changes. The energy of the substance is directly proportional to the motion of the
particles of the substance. For example, the energy of water is greater than the equal volume of ice.
Likewise, the molecules of liquid water move faster than the molecules of ice.

Recombinati Plasma
on
Ionization
Gas
Vaporization
Condensatio
n
Deposition
Sublimation
Liquid
Freezing
Melting

Solid
Figure 5.2 Changing Phases of Matter

Melting is a change from solid to liquid. While freezing is a change from liquid to solid.
A change from solid to gas and vice versa without passing the liquid state in a process called
sublimation and deposition or desublimation respectively. Liquids change into gas and vice versa in a
process called vaporization and condensation respectively. Gases change to plasma in a process called
as ionization. While plasma changes to gas, the process is called recombination.

Examples of physical changes are crushing of can, melting an ice, boiling water, mixing sand with water,
breaking a glass, shredding paper, chopping wood, mixing black and gray marbles, sublimation of dry ice, and
others.

Matter Melting Point Freezing Point Boiling Point

Ice 00C
Water 00C 1000C
Table salt 801 C
0
1,4130C
Diamond 3,7000C 4,8270C

Chemical Changes
Matter may undergo chemical change. Changes that occur which alter the composition of matter
are chemical changes. Chemical changes are those in which new substances with new properties are
formed.
Chemical changes involve energy. Chemical changes are always accompanied by energy
changes. Substances possess energy because of their composition and structure. Any chemical change
that absorbs heat energy as it progresses is said to be endothermic. Heat energy is absorbed
continuously while such chemical actions are taking place. . Some chemical changes are of importance
because of the products. Others are carried out because of the energy that is released.
Any changes that liberates heat energy as it proceeds is said to exothermic. The majority of
chemical changes that occur in nature are exothermic. An example of exothermic is the photosynthesis
process of green plants.
Examples of chemical changes are iron rusting, burning wood, metabolism, cooking an egg,
baking a cake, electroplating, rotting banana, vinegar and baking soda mixture, fireworks, chemical
battery, and others.

Journal No. 19 – Submit on or before June 9, 2022 @ 6PM

1. Explain the changing phases of matter and give example each.

MELTING - a substance that changes back from solid to liquid

Ex: ice cube melting to water
FREEZING - a substance that changes from liquid to a solid
Ex: water to ice
CONDENSATION -   substance changes from a gas to a liquid.
Ex: clouds in the sky
VAPORIZATION - substance changes from a liquid to a gas.
Ex: hand sanitize
IONIZATION - the process of changing from a gaseous to a plasma state.
Ex: sodium chloride
RECOMBINATION - it occurs when plasma changes to gas
Ex: lightning
DEPOSITION - a substance changes directly from a gas to a solid without going through the
liquid phase
Ex: Water vapor to ice 
 SUBLIMATION - a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas without going through the
liquid phase.
Ex: dry ice

2. How did the concept of changes in matter contribute in solid wastes management?

The concept of changes in matter contribute in solid wastes management by making them
lighter and more durable, and make them easier to recycle. They also reduce the need for energy to
move materials around, which is a source of pollution.