Unit 5.

Noise
Content
• Thermal Noise expression
• Equivalent circuit for thermal noise
• Noise due to several amplifiers in cascade
• Signal to noise ratio
• Signal to noise ratio of Tandem Connection
• Noise figure
• Noise figure in cascade stages (Friis’s Formula)
• Noise Temperature
• Noise Bandwidth
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Tandem
Connection
Noise Factor
of
Cascaded
Amplifiers
In radio receiver the RF amplifier and mixer are connected in
cascade. The RF amplifier has a noise figure of 9 db and power
gain of 15 db. The mixer has noise figure of 20 db. Calculate the
overall noise figure for this cascade connection.
• F2= 20 db, F2=100,
• F1=9 db, F1= 7.94328
• G1= 15 db, G1=31.6227

• F=F1+(F2-1)/G1
• F=11.07394

• Noise figure= 10 log[F]=10.443 db.