SOCIAL NETWORKING

Submitted To: Prepared By:

BE Semester VIth Computer Engineering

Department of Computer Engineering,

SOCIAL NETWORKING

-:INDEX:-
Page No

1) Introduction………………………………………………………....... 5
Project Profile
Project Summary
Project Purpose
Project Goals
Project Scope

2) Project Management………………………………………………… 11
Project Planning & Scheduling
Risk Management
Estimation

3) System Requirement Study……………………………………….. 21

User Characteristics
Hardware Requirements
Software Requirements

4) Tools and Technology……………………………………………....... 24

Technology Study
Feasibility Study

5) System Analysis and Design ……………………………………….. 42

Use case Diagram
Class Diagram
Activity Diagram
Sequence Diagram
Dataflow Diagram
E-R Diagram

6) Testing ……………………………………………………………………….. 52
Testing Plan
Testing Strategy
Testing Method
Test Class
1
SOCIAL NETWORKING

7) Screen Shots ………………………………………………………………. 55

8) Conclusion………………………………………………………………….. 70
Advantages
Limitations
Future Expansions
Conclusions
10) Bibliography……………………………………………………………….. 73

2
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: Preface:-
 Project during the study is the bridge between the theoretical and practical knowledge.
The main objective of the project is to get details about the operation process being
carried out within the company. Theory of any subject is important but without its
practical knowledge, it becomes useless.

 Practical training polishes the theoretical aspects of the technical studies. The aim is
to open up the window of project knowledge to a student and give hint of an insight
regarding the operations, processes and trouble shooting of a system.

Objectives of Report

 To develop a system, this can be used for managing the entire data in an efficient
manner.

 To provide a system that puts the whole system in a single platform.

 To design a system that will have good interface and well documented user guide.

 To understand and enforce the importance of project management aspects, during the
software development.

 To develop a system this can be use for current as well as future aspects of Indian
business for the marketing.

3
SOCIAL NETWORKING

1…
Introduction

 Project Profile
 Project Summary
 Project Purpose
 Project Goals
 Project Scope

4
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-:Project Profile:-

Project Title : SOCIAL NETWORKING

Organization : LDRP INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND

RESEARCH

Tools : Hardware

 Intel Pentium dual core Processor

 1GB RAM
 40 GB HDD

Software

 Operating System :
 Windows XP
 Development :
 ASP.NET 4.0 (With the language C#)

 Database Tool :
 MS SQL 2008
 Web Server :
 IIS(Internet Information Server)
Starting Date : 29/01/2013
Ending Date : 23/04/2013

Team Size : 2 person

Team Members: SAURABH B. PATHAK

MAYUR PRAJAPATI

Guided By : Ms Riya H. Parmar

Lecturer (CE IT Dept)

5
SOCIAL NETWORKING

Submitted To: DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING &

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY,
LDRP INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH,
GANDHINAGAR

-: Project summary:-
 A social network, in its most general sense, is just connections among people. In
real life, your social network is just the people you know, are around you or you
are somehow in contact with. Denotatively, is your direct social environment's
activity.

 Social networking sites are not only for you to communicate or interact with other
people globally but, this is also one effective way for business promotion. A lot of
business minded people these days are now doing business online and use these
social networking sites to respond to customer queries. It isn't just a social media
site used to socialize with your friends but also, represents a huge pool of
information from day to day living.

 Social Networking sites is keeping in touch with people hundreds of miles away,
maybe somebody who has gone travelling or moved to the other side of the world.
In the past it would have been nigh on impossible to keep in touch, much less keep
up to date with what they are doing.

 Sticking to the more practical semantics, computer-science-wise, we would include

almost all non-static websites in the concept since they basically just need to
facilitate any kind of communication among users or people. This includes e-mail
servers, blogs, forums, dating websites, torrent sites, any kind of sharing website
such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube the list goes on.

-: PROJECT PURPOSE:-
 The whole purpose of Social Networking is just connections among people. In
real life, your social network is just the people you know, are around you or you
are somehow in contact with. Denotatively, is your direct social environment's
activity.

 Social networking sites are not only for you to communicate or interact with other
people globally but, this is also one effective way for business promotion. A lot of

6
SOCIAL NETWORKING

business minded people these days are now doing business online and use these
social networking sites to respond to customer queries. It isn't just a social media
site used to socialize with your friends but also, represents a huge pool of
information from day to day living.

 One great way of taking advantage of the personal side of Social Networking is
keeping in touch with people hundreds of miles away, maybe somebody who has
gone travelling or moved to the other side of the world. In the past it would have
been nigh on impossible to keep in touch, much less keep up to date with what
they are doing.

 Social networking is used for the Business – Connecting with customers.

 Social networking is used for the Business – Networking.

 Social networking is used for the Marketing of your Business.

 Social networking is used for the Entertainment.

-: PROJECT GOALS:-
1. Typical Goal
 This Social Networking sites share a variety of typical features. The most
basic of these are visible profiles with a list of "friends" who are also users
of the site. In an article entitled "Social Network Sites: Definition, History,
and Scholarship, description of profiles as unique pages where one can
"type oneself into being." A profile is generated from answers to
questions, such as age, location, interests, etc. and also allows users to
upload pictures, add multimedia content or modify the look and feel of
the others profile.

2. Additional Goal
 This Social Networking sites have additional features, such as the ability
to create groups that share common interests or affiliations, upload or
stream live videos, and hold discussions in forums. Geosocial networking
co-opts Internet mapping services to organize user participation around
geographic features and their attributes.

3. Scientific Goal
 This Social Networking sites one other use that is being discussed is the
use of social networks in the science communities. Julia Porter Liebeskind

7
SOCIAL NETWORKING

et al. have published a study on how new biotechnology firms are using
social networking sites to share exchanges in scientific knowledge.

4. Educational Goal
 This Social Networking sites are also being used by teachers and students
as a communication tool. Because many students are already using a wide
range of social networking sites, teachers have begun to familiarize
themselves with this trend and are now using it to their advantage.
Teachers and professors are doing everything from creating chat-room
forums and groups to extend classroom discussion to posting assignments,
tests and quizzes, to assisting with homework outside of the classroom
setting.

5. Business Goal
 This Social Networking sites currently charge money for membership. In
part, this may be because social networking is a relatively new service,
and the value of using them has not been firmly established in customers'
minds. Companies such as MySpace and Face book sell online advertising
on their site. Their business model is based upon large membership count,
and charging for membership would be counterproductive

-: PROJECT SCOPE:-
 The social networking website is an online community designed to make social
life more active and stimulating. The social network can help you maintain
existing relationships with people and share pictures and messages, and establish
new ones by reaching out to people you've never met before.

 This website also provides the features of blogging. The main idea behind
blogging is to share your thoughts with all your friends which can be read by all
the users using the website. This blog can be handled by the user as he wants .It
also provides the features of adding videos and photos. This website includes
buying and selling of products feature. People using this website can market to
buy and sell products. The main purpose behind this classified functionality will
help people to buy products in trusted circle.

8
SOCIAL NETWORKING

1. Admin Module
2. User Module
3. Student Module
4. General user Module

 Now we explain each module in detail ….

1. Admin-Module :-

 In Admin module admin manage the content of the user he/she can also
delete or particular block the user account. He/she can also keep details of
the user in systematic manner.
 He/She update websites or maintain the website.

2. User-Module : -

 In User module user manage the content of his/her own profile. he/she can
also delete or particular block the user account. He/she can also
add/remove friends, upload photo/video, send message, manage his/her
own profile, update status etc.

3. General-User-Module : -

 In General User module end user create an own account and become
member of the website.

9
SOCIAL NETWORKING

2…

Project Management

 Project Planning and scheduling

 Risk Management
 Estimation

10
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: Project Planning and Scheduling:-

 Project Development Approach and Justification:-

 The Project Development approach I have used in our system is the Conventional
Software Engineering approach.

 Project Activities :-

 The major activity in the project includes the following tasks:

 To determine the methodology for the construction of the project.
 To determine the model of the software through which the project will be
identified.
 Determining the first face goals from the aim of the project.
 Designing the software development life cycle for the project.
 Identify the number of phases in the software development life cycle of the
project.

 Project Management:-

 Planning, scheduling and tracking of project:-

 The project planning consists of:

 Selection of Suitable software development model.
 Risk Management Plan, which involves the risk identification and risk
assessments.
 Project Scheduling, which involves the identification of tasks and duration.

11
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: Timeline Chart:-
 When creating a software project schedule, the planner begins with a set of tasks. If
automated tools are used, the work breakdown is input as a task network or task
outline. Effort, duration, and start date are then input for each task. In addition, tasks
may be assigned to specific individuals.

 As a consequence of this input, a timeline chart, also called a Gantt chart is generated.

 A Timeline Chart can be developed for the entire project. Timeline Charts depicts a
part of a software project schedule.

 All project tasks are listed in the left-hand column. The horizontal bars indicate the
duration of each task. When multiple bars occur at the same time on the calendar, task
concurrency is implied. The diamonds indicate milestones, which indicate the place
where our project reach.

 Once the information necessary for the generation of a timeline chart has been input,
the majority of software project scheduling tools produce project tables a tabular
listing of all project task, their planned and actual start and end table dates and variety
of related information, enable the project manager to track progress.

12
SOCIAL NETWORKING

Week 1 to 3:

Work Tasks
Week Week Week
1 2 3

Study

 Study of
ASP.NET

 Study of Data base system with the

language study.

Milestone:

Study of project has been started

Set up of Environment
 Installing req. s/w and o/s

Milestone: Req. s/w is Installed.

13
SOCIAL NETWORKING

Week 4 to 8:

Work Tasks Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8

Defining Scope
and Objectives

 Preparing project
definition
 Defining feature of
product

Milestone: Project
Defined.

Requirement &
System Analysis

Milestone :
Analysed System.

System Designing

 Define flow of
project.
 Flowchart
Development.

Milestone:
Designing Is done.

14
 SOCIAL NETWORKING

Week 9 to 14:

Work Tasks Week 9 Week10 Week11 Week12 Week13 Week14

Coding

 Coding for creating

different forms like
admin, faculty, student,

Milestone:

Coding is done.

Testing

 White box testing

 Black box testing

Milestone:

Testing is Completed.

15
SOCIAL NETWORKING

Documentation

Milestone:

Documentation is Completed.

-: Project Scheduling:-
 Generalized project scheduling tools and technique can be applied with little
modification to software projects.

 Program evolution and review techniques (PERT) and critical path method (CPM)
are two project scheduling method that can be applied to software development.
Both techniques are driven by information already developed in earlier project
planning activities:

 Estimate of effort.
 A decomposition of the product function.
 The selection of appropriate process model and task set.
 Decomposition of tasks.

16
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: Risk Management:-
 Identifying risk and drawing up plans to minimize their effect on the project is called
risk management. Risk may threaten the project, the software that is being developed
or the organization. These categories of risk can be defined as follow:
1. Project Risks are risks, which affect the project schedule or resources.
2. Product Risks are risks, which affect quality or performance of the software
being developed.
3. Business Risks are risks which affect the organization developing the software.

Risks Risk Type Description

Technology Business The underlying technology
on which the system is
built is superseded by new
technology.
Requirement Project and Product There will be a larger no.
Change of changes to the
requirements than
anticipated.
Management Project There will be a change of
change organization management
with different priorities.
Hardware Project Hardware that is essential
unavailability to the project will not be
delivered on schedule.
Specification Project and Product Specification of essential
delay interface are not available
on schedule
Size under Project and Product The size of the system is
estimated under estimated
(Table) Risk Management

17
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 Risk Identification :-
 The following are the possible risks, which is associated with project. We have
identified mainly technical and project risks.

 Technical Risks:-
 Our software doesn’t work on all operating system.
 It cannot work if proper system is not installed.

 Project Risks:-
 Scope might have been wrongly defined and the project might go in the wrong
direction.
 The time limits might not have been properly calculated as per the scope. If
the project was not properly scheduled, or if the scope was ill defined, it might
not be possible to finish the project at the right time.
 Scope creep could occur. The expectations and requirements have increased or
may be changed.
 Certain technical problems have remained unsolved.

 Risk Analysis and Planning:-

 To handle the risks we have prioritized it. The damaging risks can be handled
first and then most likely risks. Since the risk related to the schedule slippage
arise primarily due to the intangible nature of the software, so we had to do the
visibility of software requirements documentation and reviewing the relevant
documents during the developments. Every phase can be broken into the
reasonably sized tasks and milestones can be scheduled for these tasks.
 In this process each identified risk is considered in turn and a judgment made
about the probability and the seriousness of the risk.
The probability of the risk might be assessed as very low (less than 10%), low
(10-25%), moderate (25-50%), high (50-75%) or very high (greater than 75%).
The effects of the risk might be assessed as catastrophic, serious, tolerable or
insignificant.

18
SOCIAL NETWORKING

Risks Probability Effects

Organizational Very low Catastrophic
financial
problems force
reductions in
project budget
Key staff are ill at Moderate Serious
critical times in
project
Software Very low Serious
component which
should be re-used
contain defect
which limit their
functionality
Changes to the Very low Serious
requirements
which require
major design
rework as
proposed
The organization Very low Tolerable
is restructured so
the different
management are
responsible for
the project
The database Very low Serious
used in system
cannot process as
many transaction
per second as
expected

19
SOCIAL NETWORKING

3…

System Requirement Study

 User Characteristics
 Hardware Requirement
 Software Requirement

20
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: USER CHARACTERISTICS:-

 Our project is the world based project (Social Networking) this site can be used by
different type of users. We can deal in project with various users, general users,
admin etc..

-: HARDWARE REQUIREMENT:-

 As we are preparing a computerized system, obviously the most basic hardware

need of the system is a computer. The minimum requirement is as follows.

 450 MHz Processor

 512 MB RAM
 10 GB HDD
 CD-ROM or DVD-ROM Drive
 Super VGA Monitors (800*600)
 Ms Mouse Pointer

21
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT:-

 TOOLS:-
 Administrator (Front End Tools):-
 ASP.NET 3.5 with code behind c#.

 Customer/Client:-
 Active Server Pages, Web Services.

 Database Management System:-

 Server Express Edition 2008
 Internet Information Server

 Others Tools:-
 XML
 Ms-Office 2007, Ms-Office 2003
 Enterprise Architect for Documentation

22
SOCIAL NETWORKING

4…

Tools & Technology

 Technology study
 Feasibility Study

23
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: ASP.NET:-

 Different forms of the Student’s Evaluation System. ASP.NET 4.0 is used as a front
end tool for creating the web pages required in the system, VB.NET is used as code
behind and SQL Server 2008, Share Point, Web Services etc. is used as a back end
tool for the sake of data manipulation as and when necessary.

 ASP.NET:-
 The Microsoft .NET Framework 4.0 includes significant enhancements to all areas of
ASP.NET. For Web page development, new controls make it easier to add commonly
used functionality to dynamic Web pages. New data controls make it possible to
display and edit data on an ASP.NET Web page without writing code. An improved
code-behind model makes developing ASP.NET pages easier and more robust.
Caching features provide several new ways to cache pages, including the ability to
build cache dependency on tables in a SQL Server database.
 You can now customize Web sites and pages in a variety of ways. Profile properties
enable ASP.NET to track property values for individual users automatically. Using
Web Parts, you can create pages that users can customize in the browser. You can add
navigation menus using simple controls.
 Improvements to Web site features allow you to create professional Web sites faster
and more easily. Master pages allow you to create a consistent layout for all the pages
in a site, and themes allow you to define a consistent look for controls and static text.
To help protect your sites, you can precompile a Web site to produce executable code
from source files (both code files and the markup in .aspx pages). You can then
deploy the resulting output, which does not include any source information, to a
production server. Enhancements to ASP.NET also include new tools and classes to
make Web site management easier for Web site developers, server administrators, and
hostlers.
 ASP.NET accommodates a wide variety of browsers and devices. By default, controls
render output that is compatible with XHTML 1.1 standards. You can use device
filtering to specify different property values on the same control for different
browsers.

24
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 Features of ASP.NET:-

 ASP.NET is a programming framework built on the common language

runtime that can be used on a server to build powerful Web applications.
ASP.NET offers several important advantages over previous Web
development models:

 Enhanced Performance:
 ASP.NET is compiled common language runtime code running on the server.
Unlike its interpreted predecessors, ASP.NET can take advantage of early
binding, just-in-time compilation, native optimization, and caching services right
out of the box. This amounts to dramatically better performance before you ever
write a line of code.

 World-Class Tool Support:

 The ASP.NET framework is complemented by a rich toolbox and designer in the
Visual Studio integrated development environment. WYSIWYG editing, drag-
and-drop server controls, and automatic deployment are just a few of the features
this powerful tool provides.

 Power and Flexibility:

 Because ASP.NET is based on the common language runtime, the power and
flexibility of that entire platform is available to Web application developers. The
.NET Framework class library, Messaging, and Data Access solutions are all
seamlessly accessible from the Web. ASP.NET is also language-independent, so
you can choose the language that best applies to your application or partition
your application across many languages. Further, common language runtime
interoperability guarantees that your existing investment in COM-based
development is preserved when migrating to ASP.NET.

 Simplicity:
 ASP.NET makes it easy to perform common tasks, from simple form submission
and client authentication to deployment and site configuration. For example, the
ASP.NET page framework allows you to build user interfaces that cleanly
separate application logic from presentation code and to handle events in a
simple, Visual Basic - like forms processing model. Additionally, the common
language runtime simplifies development, with managed code services such as
automatic reference counting and garbage collection.

 Manageability:
 ASP.NET employs a text-based, hierarchical configuration system, which
simplifies applying settings to your server environment and Web applications.
Because configuration information is stored as plain text, new settings may be
applied without the aid of local administration tools. This "zero local
administration" philosophy extends to deploying ASP.NET Framework
applications as well. An ASP.NET Framework application is deployed to a server
simply by copying the necessary files to the server. No server restart is required,
even to deploy or replace running compiled code.

25
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 Scalability and Availability:

 ASP.NET has been designed with scalability in mind, with features specifically
tailored to improve performance in clustered and multiprocessor environments.
Further, processes are closely monitored and managed by the ASP.NET runtime,
so that if one misbehaves (leaks, deadlocks), a new process can be created in its
place, which helps keep your application constantly available to handle requests.

 Customizability and Extensibility:

 ASP.NET delivers a well-factored architecture that allows developers to "plug-
in" their code at the appropriate level. In fact, it is possible to extend or replace
any subcomponent of the ASP.NET runtime with your own custom-written
component. Implementing custom authentication or state services has never been
easier.

 Security:
 With built in Windows authentication and per-application configuration, you can
be assured that your applications are secure.
 The Microsoft .NET Platform currently offers built-in support for 3 languages.

 Why ASP.NET?
 Since 1995, Microsoft has been constantly working to shift its focus from Windows-
based platforms to the Internet. As a result Microsoft introduced ASP (Active Server
Pages) in November 1996. ASP offered the efficiency of ISAPI applications along
with a new level of simplicity that made it easy to understand and use.
 However, ASP script was an interpreted script and consisted unstructured code and
was difficult to debug and maintain. As the web consists of many different
technologies, software integration for Web development was complicated and
required to understand many different technologies.
 Also, as applications grew bigger in size and became more complex, the number of
lines of source code in ASP applications increased dramatically and was hard to
maintain. Therefore, an architecture was needed that would allow development of
Web applications in a structured and consistent way.
 The .NET Framework was introduced with a vision to create globally distributed
software with Internet functionality and interoperability. The .NET Framework
consists of many class libraries, includes multiple language support and a common
execution platform.
 It's a very flexible foundation on which many different types of top class applications
can be developed that do different things. Developing Internet applications with the
.NET Framework is very easy.
 ASP.NET is built into this framework; we can create ASP.NET applications using any
of the built-in languages.
 Unlike ASP, ASP.NET uses the Common Language Runtime (CLR) provided by the
.NET Framework. This CLR manages execution of the code we write. ASP.NET code
is a compiled CLR code instead of interpreted code (ASP). CLR also allows objects
written in different languages to interact with each other. The CLR makes
development of Web applications simple.

26
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 What is .NET Framework?

 .NET may be new to some of you, but it is there for more than 3 years. It was first
shown to industry in year 2000. Since then it has been making news. Well of
course there are many fans and many critics. What we want to know is what it is.
 .NET is the framework for which we develop applications. It sits in between our
application programs and operating system. Applications developed for .NET run
inside .NET and are controlled by .NET. It supports both Windows and web
applications.
 Application developed for .NET makes use of the features of .NET. We will see
more of features of .NET later in this piece.

 NET provides an object oriented environment. It ensures safe execution of the

code by performing required runtime validations. For example, it is never possible
to access an element of an array outside the boundary. Similarly, it is not possible
to a program to write into another programs area, etc. The runtime validations
performed by .NET makes the entire environment robust.

 What is the .NET Framework? - Components of .NET:-

 .NET framework has two main components. They are:

1. Common Language Runtime (CLR)
2. .NET class library

27
SOCIAL NETWORKING

1. Common Language Runtime :

 The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is the environment where all programs in
.NET are run. It provides various services, like memory management and thread
management. Programs that run in the CLR need not manage memory, as it is
completely taken care of by the CLR. For example, when a program needs a block
of memory, CLR provides the block and releases the block when program is done
with the block.
 All programs targeted to .NET are converted to MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate
Language). MSIL is the output of language compilers in .NET (see figure 2).
MSIL is then converted to native code by JIT (Just-in Time Compiler) of the CLR
and then native code is run by CLR.
 As every program is ultimately converted to MSIL in .NET, the choice of
language is pure personal. A program written in VB.NET and a program written
in VB are both converted to MSIL. Then MSIL is converted to native code and
run. So, whether you write program in VB or VB.NET at the end it is MSIL all
that you get.
 It is believed VB6.0 programmers will migrate to VB.NET and C++ and java
programmers switching to .NET will prefer to use VB as it more resembles those
languages.
 For Java programmers, MSIL in .NET is same as Byte code in concept. CLR is
same as JVM (Java virtual machine).
 So the inevitable question is “Is .NET platform independent like Java?” The
answer is technically YES. A program written for .NET can run on any platform
as long as .NET is made available on that platform. As of now, .NET runs only on
Windows. So, .NET is technically platform independent but not real, at least not
now. Efforts are on to make .NET run on Linux The project is called as Mono
and is currently being developed. Though some people doubt the seriousness of
Microsoft, I will not be surprised if Microsoft comes out with .NET on Linux in
future.

 What is the .NET Framework? - Features of .NET :-

 The following are major features of .NET. We will use these features
throughout our journey. Here is just a brief introduction to all key features of
.NET.

1. Assemblies:-
 An assembly is either a .DLL or .EXE that forms a part of an application. It
contains MSIL code that is executed by CLR. The following are other
important points related to an assembly:
1. It is the unit on which permissions are granted.
2. Every assembly contains a version.
3. Assemblies contain interfaces and classes. They may also contain other
resources such as bitmaps, file etc.
4. Every assembly contains assembly metadata, which contains
information about assembly. CLR uses this information at the time of
executing assembly.
5. Assemblies may be either private, which are used only by the
application to which they belong or Global assemblies, which are used
by any application in the system.

28
SOCIAL NETWORKING

6. Two assemblies of the same name but with different versions can run
side-by-side allowing applications that depend on a specific version to
use assembly of that version.
The four parts of assembly are
1) Assembly Manifest: - Contains name, version, culture, and
information about referenced assemblies.
2) Type Metadata: - Contains information about types defined in
the assembly.
3) MSIL: - Microsoft Intermediate Language- code.
4) Resources: - Files such as BMP or JPG file or any other files
required by application.

2. Common Type System:-

 Common Type System (CTS) specifies the rules related to data types that
languages must follow. As programs written in all languages are ultimately
converted to MSIL, data types in all languages must be convertible to certain
standard data types.
 CTS are a part of cross-language integration, which allows classes written in
one language to be used and extended by another language.

3. Cross-language Interoperability:-
 .NET provides support for language interoperability. However, it doesn’t
mean every program written in a language can be used by another language.
To enable a program to be used with other languages, it must be created by
following a set of rules called Cross Language Specifications (CLS).
 Cross-language inheritance is the ability to create a class in VB from a class
created in VB.NET.
 When an exception is raised by a program written in VB, the exception can be
handled by VB.NET. This kind of exception handling is called cross-language
exception handling.

 Introduction of SQL Server Express 2008:

 SQL Server is a free and easy to use database product that is based on SQL Server
2008 technology. It is designed to provide a database platform that offers superior
ease of use, enabling fast deployments for it target scenarios.
 The ease of use starts with a simple and robust graphical user interface (GUI)
setup that guides the user through the installation process. The GUI tools that
come for free with SQL Server Express include SQL Server Management Studio
Express Edition (Technical Preview version available at launch), Surface Area
Configuration Tool, and SQL Server Configuration Manager.
 These tools simplify the basic database operations. The design and development
of database applications are made easier by the integration with Visual Studio
projects.
 SQL Server Express uses the same reliable and high-performance database engine
as the other versions of SQL Server 2005. It also uses the same data access APIs
such as ADO.NET, SQL Native Client, and T-SQL. In fact, it is differentiated
from the rest of the SQL Server 2005 editions only by the following:
 Lack of enterprise features support.
 Limited to one CPU.

29
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 One GB memory limit for the buffer pool.

 Databases have a 4 GB maximum size.

 Key Features in SQL Server Express:

 SQL Server Express uses the same database engine as the rest of SQL Server 2008,
and all the programmatic features are the same. For additional information in these
areas, see SQL Server 2008 Book Online. The features that are unique to SQL Server
Express and/or have higher customer impact are described in detail below

1. Engine Specifications:-
 The SQL engine supports 1 CPU, 1 GB RAM, and 4 GB database size. This
mechanism permits easy differentiation from other SQL Server 2005 editions by
having well defined cut-off points. Otherwise, there is no workload throttle and the
engine performs as in other editions. There is no hard-coded limit to the number of
users that can attach to SQL Server Express but their CPU and memory limits
impose practical limits on the of users that can achieve acceptable response times
from a SQL Server Express database.
 SQL Server Express can install and run on multiprocessor machines, but only a single
CPU is used at any time. Internally, the engine limits the number of user scheduler
threads to 1 so that only 1 CPU is used at a time. Features such as parallel query
execution are not supported because of the single CPU limit.
 The 1 GB RAM limit is the memory available for the buffer pool. The buffer pool is
used to store data pages and other information. However, memory needed to keep
track of connections, locks, and so on is not counted toward the buffer pool limit. It
is therefore possible that the server will use more than 1 GB in total, but it will never
use more than 1 GB for the buffer pool. Address Windowing Extensions (AWE) or 3
GB data access is not supported or needed.

2. Tools Support:-
 SQL Server is designed to be easy to use, and the graphical user interface
(GUI) tools make it easy even for database novices to use the basic database
functionalities in SQL Server Express. A new GUI tool called SQL Server
Management Studio Express Edition will be freely available as a separate Web
download. SSMS-EE will allow easy database management and query analysis
capabilities and will be freely redistributable
 All database management functionality will be available by invoking the right-
click context menu from Object Explorer. SSMS-EE features like creating and
modifying databases, tables, views, logins, and users are identical to the full
SQL Server Management Studio available in other editions. This allows you to
immediately leverage the skills you learn with SSMS-EE once you upgrade to
the full version of SSMS.
 Some of the tools that ship with SQL Server Express include the SQL
Computer Manager, SQL Command, and BCP. SQL Computer Manager is
used for starting and stopping the SQL Server service, and for enabling and
disabling network protocols. SQL Command is used for connecting and
querying using the command line, while BCP is used for bulk copying data.

30
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 SQL Server Manager allows administrators to configure basic service and

network protocol configurations. This is the SQL Server 2005 equivalent of
older tools like Server Network Utility, Client Network Utility, and Service
Manager. It is not intended to adjust performance characteristics or operations
of SQL Server.

3. Networking Support:-
 Only the shared memory connection type on the local machine is accessible by default
for SQL Server Express, although the user can explicitly turn on other supported
protocols such as TCP/IP and Named Pipes. VIA and HTTP protocols are not
supported in SQL Server Express. With only shared memory available by default,
connections from a remote machine to SQL.
 Server Express will fail unless the networking is turned on. To turn networking on,
there are the following options:
1. Use the Surface Area Configuration tool to enable relevant protocols and
start the SQL BROWSER service.
2. Use the SQL Server Configuration Manager to enable relevant protocols
and start SQL BROWSER. Figure 2 shows the usage of this tool to enable
the networking protocols.

4. Data Access Support:-

 SQL Server 2008 Express supports the same native and managed providers as the rest
of SQL Server 2008. This has the huge advantage that an application written for SQL
Server Express will work seamlessly with other SQL Server editions.
 Starting with SQL Server 2008, the logical sessions in the server are detached from
the physical connections. Both the client and server transport layers are updated to
provide multiplexing capabilities so that multiple logical sessions can go over a single
physical connection. This enables clients to have multiple active result-sets (MARS)
against the same connection. Note that MARS is not targeted at removing the need for
multiple connections in general. MARS is off by default in SQL Server 2008, and
enables you to interleave SQL operations.

5. Security:-
 For SQL Server Express, one of our goals is to provide secure defaults for the
different components. For instance, the networking protocols such as TCP/IP and
Named Pipes are turned off. SQL Browser service is not started unless the user
explicitly asks for this in the setup command line. The SA or System Admin account
is disabled by default if Windows Authentication is used. Normal users on the
machine have almost no privileges on the SQL.
 Server Express instances. A Local administrator on the server must explicitly grant
relevant permissions for normal users so that they can use SQL functionality.

6. Replication Support:-
 Replication allows the user to maintain copies of data at multiple sites using a
publisher-subscriber modal with synchronization of the copies at user-defined
intervals. SQL Server Express supports subscriptions to merge, snapshot, and
transactional publications, but does not permit publications itself. Replication
subscriptions in SQL Server Express are fully functional. However, since SQL Server

31
SOCIAL NETWORKING

Express does not ship SQL Agent, scheduling the subscriptions is more challenging.
You can sync SQL Server Express subscriptions by the following methods:
1. Programmatically sync using Replication Management Objects (RMO).
2. Use Windows Sync Manager for scheduled sync.

7. Logical Database Name:-

 When the logical database name is not specified in the connection string, an automatic
name is generated for the database that is being attached. The name generated is based
on the relative file path of the .mdf file. For instance, if the file is at
c:\myDocuments\Myapp\myDB.mdf, the logical database name will be based on the
full path. If the file path is longer than 128 characters, then this function will use the
existing path and a hash to generate the logical database name. This is new in SQL
Server Express, since not specifying the database name in SQL Server 2008 would
result in an error. The supported syntax includes database=; or initial catalog=; or
the user can also omit them totally in the connection string.
 This feature is useful when moving or copying the database on the same machine,
since the file-path–based logical name is unique. If this feature was not present, there
will be naming conflicts within SQL Server if the same logical name is used to open
databases in two different directories. Application XCopy is also supported across
machines.
 Note that it is still possible to explicitly specify the logical database name using the
keywords database or Initial Catalog. Users may want to explicitly specify the
logical database name when using replication, SQL Service Broker, multiple-part
names in T-SQL queries, or cross-database scenarios.

 Table 1. SQL Server Express Feature Components tree:-

Feature Components GUI Feature Components Command Line
Parameters: Provide a comma-delimited
list with no spaces of the features to
install after ADDLOCAL.
SQL Server Database Services SQL_Engine
Data Files SQLEngine_Data_Files
Replication SQL_Replication
Client Components Client_Components
SQL Command Line Tools Server_tools
Connectivity Components Connectivity
Software Development Kit SDK

8. 64 – Bit Supports:-
 SQL Server Express will support Window on Window (WOW) on x64
platforms. WOW essentially means running a 32-bit Express on 64-bit
machines. SQL Server Express will not install on IA64 machines.

32
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 SQL SERVER FEATURES: -

1. Ease of installation, deployment and use.

 SQL Server includes a set of a administrative and development tools that
improve your ability to install, deploy, manage, and use SQL Server across
several sites.

2. Scalability
 The same database engine can be used across platforms ranging from
Laptops/Computers running Microsoft Windows Xp to large multiprocessor
Servers running Microsoft Windows NT, Enterprise Edition.

3. Data Warehousing
 SQL Server includes tools for extracting and analyzing summary data for
online analytical processing (OLAP). SQL Server also includes tools for
visually designing database and analyzing data using English-based questions.

4. SQL in Application Programme

 SQL was originally made an ANSI standard in 1986.
 The ANSI 1989 standard (often called SQL-89) defines three types of
interfacing to SQL within an application program.

5. Module Language
 User procedure within programs. These procedures can be called by the
application programme and can return value to the programme via parameter
passing.

6. Embedded SQL
 Uses SQL statement embedded with actual programme code. This method
often requires the use of a pre compiler to process the SQL statements for
Pascal, FORTRAN, COBOL, and PL/1.

7. Direct Invocation
 Left up to the implementer before the concept of dynamic SQL evolved,
embedded SQL was the most popular way to use SQL within a program.
Embedded SQL, which is still used, uses static SQL--meaning that the SQL
statement is compiled into the application and cannot be changed at runtime.
The principle is much the same as a compiler versus an interpreter. The
performance for this type of SQL is good; however, it is not flexible--and
cannot always meet the needs of today's changing business environments.
Dynamic SQL is discussed shortly.

8. Database Design
 Designing a database properly is extremely important to the success of your
application. Normalization is the process of breaking your data into separate
components to reduce the repetition of data. Each level of normalization
reduces the repetition of data. Normalizing your data can be extremely
complex process, and numerous database design tools enable you to plan this
process in a logical fashion.

33
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 Many factors can influence the design of your database, including the
following:

1. Security.
2. Disk Space Available.
3. Speed of database searches and retrievals.
4. Speed of database updates.

 Programming Approach

 3-Tier Architecture:-

Web Form

Presentation Layer

Classes

Business Logic

Sql Queries Store

Data Access Layer Procedures

Database

 For designing the entire system we have divided the whole into three main
layers. And each layer provides service to the other layer. So I can easily
proceed towards the target. These layers are namely:

1. Presentation Layer
2. Business Layer
3. Data Access Layer

34
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 Presentation Layer : -
 The presentation layer is responsible for the user interface and communicates
directly with the business logic layer. Separating the presentation layer from
the rest of the application enables the development of different user interface
(i.e. Web form, Windows form, mobile devices) that all uses the same
business logic and database access code.

 Business Logic Layer : -

 The business logic layer separates the code specific to the application, for the
way company does the business, from the user interface and the database
specific code. Other line of business Applications a company build can use
the business logic layer if needed, maximizing the code reuse.

 2-Tier Architecture

Web Pages

Sql
New Control in Asp.Net 2.0
Data Source

Database

35
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 Web Services:-

1. Web Services can convert your applications into Web-applications.

 By using Web services, your application can publish its function or message
to the rest of the world.
2. Web Services can be used by other applications.
 With Web services your accounting department's Win 2k servers can connect
with your IT supplier's UNIX server.

 Features Not Present in SQL Server Express:

 Some of the features available in other SQL Editions, but not in SQL Server
Express, include the following:
 Availability features such as data mirroring, clustering, etc.
 Full-text search
 SQL Agent
 Reporting Services
 Business Intelligence Platform, such as Notification and Analysis Services.

 Requirement of New System:-

 REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS:-

 Non-Functional Requirement:-
 The application highly interacts with the database at each and every point.
Addition of a new record, dynamic update and also update. That delete should be
done without involving much time generally. This application that involves high
interaction with database takes time for operation.
 This application is required to perform the operation correctly and accurately
because it will first directly effect to original database containing all the
information of each and every customers. Then after the entire database in the
Internet Information Server that are arranged the data, so no loss in the database.
 Correctness and accuracy should also be maintained. Concurrency should be
maintained in satisfied manner.
 Also data transfer speed and access speed should be high but that compare other
the result must be accurate.
 Finally administrator and users should get result also that satisfaction in relevance
to the operation performed. Any non technical person can’t easily use this
application with Internet Information Server.

36
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 SECURITY:-
 Software integrity has becomes increasingly important in the age of hackers and
firewalls. This attribute system ability to with stand attaches to its security three
components that are program, data and documents.

 USABILITY:-

 Usability it is an attempt to quantity user friendly and can be measured in terms.

 The customers can easily learn to the system means that are fully user friendly.
 That application is simple and there result any person having no knowledge about
the technology used can easily use the application.
 If there are learn more about information that application so that are accessing to
the internet.
 Any person can used that application not about knowledge that technology.

 RELIABILITY:-

 “The reliability means probability of failure free operation of a computer

program in a specified environment free specified time.”
 The reliability are different there attributes, maturity, fault tolerance,
recoverability. That application should be functionally correct as a wrong output
of query has no significances.
 Appropriate comments in the project source code will be provided to provide
readability so that the user can easily read and understand the project if need be.
So the project will be helpful for interested person. The application should be
functionally correct as a wrong output of query has no significance. Reliability is a
must in the application to make it worth for the employees. A great degree of care
has to be taken to ensure minimum / zero defects in the code

 MAINTENANCE:-
 When the application is used, it has to be maintained. There could be additional
requirement in terms of added functionally or feature. As the application is not to
be maintained by the developers, the code should be less complex such that it can
be easily understandable by the relevant person for modification.
 To ensure this the code has been interspersed with appropriate comments as and
where applicable.

 QUALITY REQUIREMENT:-
 The quality in software development process is by periodic reviews:
documentation and verification at all appropriate stage. Software Engineering
standards should be followed throughout the development process. The quality in
the software product is ensured by embedding following quality attributes in the
software package.

 MODULARITY:-
 The project will be divided into different modules so as to provide easy
understanding and debugging of the system.

37
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 PORTABILITY:-
 The project will be easy to implement on the client system which satisfy the
minimum hardware requirements.

 EASY TO USE:-
 This project will be easy to use and so shall incorporate self-explanatory GUI.

 MAINTAINABILITY:-
 The project will provide easy to maintenance of the well data. When an
application is used it has to be maintained. There could be additional requirements
in terms of added functionality or feature. As the application is not to be
maintained by the developers, the code should be less complex such that it can be
easily understandable by the relevant person for modification.

 Fault Tolerance/Error Reporting:-

 Since the application will be used by users and by developers it might be possible
that operation might result into errors. The application should provide user
friendly error messages and fault tolerance facility whenever any error occurs so
that employees can understand and act in accordance.
 Administrator is action of whole system and also has the right to make creation,
modification delete of the record. Also that is decided to which types policies that
are need.

 FEASIBLITY STUDY:-
 In the conducts of the feasibility study, we consider seven distinct, but inter-
related types of feasibility .They are:-

1. Technical Feasibility
2. Operational Feasibility
3. Economic Feasibility
4. Social Feasibility
5. Management Feasibility
6. Legal Feasibility
7. Time Feasibility

1. Technical Feasibility:-
 This is concerned with specifying and software that will successful satisfy the user
requirement the technical needs of the system may vary considerably, but might
include:

1) The facility to produce outputs in given time.

2) Response time under certain conditions.
3) Ability to process a certain volume of tasks at a particular speed.
4) Facility to communicate data to distant location.

38
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 In examining technical feasibility, configuration of the system is given more

importance than the actual make of hardware .The configuration should give the
complete picture about the system’s requirements:-
 At the feasibility stages, it is desirable that two or three different configuration
will be pursued that satisfy the key technical requirement but which represent
different levels of ambition and cost. Investigation of these technical alternatives
can be aided by approaching a range of supplies for preliminary discussion out of
all types of feasibility. Technical feasibility generally is the most difficult to
determine.

2. Operational Feasibility:-
 It is mainly related to human organizational and political aspects .The points to be
considered are:

1) What change will be brought with the system?

2) What organizational structures are distributed?
3) What new skills will be required? Do the existing staff members have
these skills?
4) If not, can they be trained in due course of time?

 Generally Project will not be rejected simply because of Operational infeasibility but
such consideration is likely to critically affect the nature and scope of the eventual
recommendation. This feasibility study is carried out by a small group of people who
are familiar with information system techniques who understand the parts of the
business that are relevant to the project and are skilled in system analysis and design
process.

3. Economic Feasibility:-
 Economic analysis is the most frequently used technique for evaluation the
effectiveness of a proposed system. More commonly known as Cost/benefits
analysis: the procedure is to determine the benefits and savings that are expected
from a proposed system and compare them with costs. If benefits outweigh costs, a
decision is taken to design and implement the system. Otherwise further justification
or alternative in the proposed system will have to be made if it is to have a chance of
being approved. This is an ongoing effort that improves in accuracy at each of the
system life cycle.

39
SOCIAL NETWORKING

4. Social Feasibility:-
 Social feasibility is a determination of whether a proposed project will be acceptable
to the people or not. This determination typically examines the probability of the
project being accepted by the group directly affected by the proposed system change.

5. Management Feasibility:-
 It is determination of whether a proposed project will be acceptable to management. If
management does not accept a project or gives a negligible support to it, the analyst
will tend to view the project as a non feasible one.

6. Legal Feasibility
 Legal feasible is determine of whether a proposed project infringes on known acts
statutes as well as any pending legislation. Although in some instances the project
might appear. Sound, on closer investigation it may be found to infringe on several
legal areas.

7. Time Feasibility
 Time feasibility is a determination of whether a proposed Project can be implemented
fully within a stipulated time frame. If a project takes too much time it is likely to be
rejected.

40
SOCIAL NETWORKING

5…

System Analysis
 Use Case Diagram
 Class Diagram
 Activity Diagram
 Sequence Diagram
 Dataflow Diagram
 E-R Diagram

41
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: System Design:-

 The next phase in the System Development life cycle is a system design. The
designing part begins after the analysis of the system and is aimed at defining how to
do the things. Any design has to be constantly evaluated to ensure that it meets the
requirements, is practical and workable in the given environment. If there are a
number of alternatives, then all alternatives are evaluated and the best possible
solution is implemented.

 Approaches to Design:-

 There are two main approaches to design, which are:

1. Data Centered Approach.

2. Process Centered Approach.

 In both the approaches, the other factor cannot be ignored in data centered approach
and vice versa. The data centered approach starts from data structures first and then
the processes and the process centric approach. Aim at defining all the processes first
and data structure at the end. Both the approaches have their advantages and
disadvantages.
 We use the Data Centered approach in the design of the system. The Data-Flow
Diagram and the Entity-Relationship diagram form the basic input to the design
phase. The Data Centered approach is the principal of Object Oriented Design
where a collection of data elements and its associated characteristics (processes)
are defined as objects.

42
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: USECASE DIAGRAM:-

Social Networking

Enter Password

Check Password

System
Update Detail
User

Confiramation on
update detail

Add/Remove Friends

Add/Remove
Post/Comment

Show the
Profile/Friends/Notification
Admin

Add/Remove
Picture/Video

Send/Delete/Show
the Message

43
SOCIAL NETWORKING
-: CLASS DIAGRAM :-
Education_Detail
-edid
-userid Profile
-regid -proid
-employee : String -regid
-gradeschool : String *
-firstname : String
-college : String -lastname : String
-school 1 -dateofbirth : Date
-emailid : String
-mobileno : Integer
-address : String
1 -comment : String
-city : String
-country : String
-profilepicture : String
User +Report_Profile()
-userid 1
-proid
-regid
Registartion
-firstname : String
-lastname : String -regid
-emailid : String -firstname : String
-username : String -lastname : String
Create
-password : String -dateobirth : Date
+Search_Friend() -username : String
-password : String
+Edit_Profile()
-emailid : String
+Upload_Picture()
-mobileno : Integer
-address : String
-city : String
-country : String
-sequrityquestion : String
-answerr : String
+Verify_Email_Address()
44
Status
-statusid
-userid
-status : String
*
-datestatus : Date
-svisible : String
-profilepicture : String
1 +Post_Status()
1
Comment
* -commentid
1
-statusid : String
-userid : String
1 -datecomment : Date
-cvisible : String
-profilepicture : String
+Post_Comment()
Message
-messageid
-userid
*
-regid
-message : String
-datemessage : Date
-profilepicture : String
+Send_Message()
+Delete_Message()
Friend
-friendid
* -userid
-regid
-friend : String
-profilepicture : String
+Accept_Friend_Request()
+Send_Friend_Request()
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: ACTIVITY DIAGRAM :-

Login Registarion

Check for Availabilty

Chatting Show The Friend Request Show The Notification Show The Message

View Profile

Change Picture Add/Remove Friend Update Status

Logout

45
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: SEQUENCE DIAGRAM :-

User Admin
Request for the Create Account

ProvideThe Regisration Form

Fill up the Form And Submit the Form

Verify
Send the Verification Link on the Email id

Verify The Link And Open The Account

Ask For The Details

Submit The Details

Search Friends Details

Provide The Friend List Detail

Request for the Updation Detail

Ask For The Updation Details

Submit the Updation Detail

Update The Profile Detail

46
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: DATA FLOW DIAGRAM (DFD):-

-: LEVEL 0 DIAGRAM:-

USER END USER

Update Information Registration

Show Information View Information

SOCIAL NETWORKING

Update Detail

ADMIN

47
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: LEVEL 1 DIAGRAM:-

Find Friend
Search Search People

USER Social Networking Database

Show

User Info
Send & Delete Show Profile
Sending Message Info

Update
Update User Info
Send/Show/
UserName & Password Delete
Message Match with Database

Update
Detail

Login

UserName & Password

ADMIN Search End USER

Update Fill Up Form

Find Friend Show

Update Registration
Detail
Search People
Update User Info
Insert User Info Show Profile
User Info

Social Networking Database

48
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: LEVEL 2 DIAGRAM:-

Send/Accept/ Social Networking Database

Reject Friend
Request Update User Info
Send/Accept/Reject
Update User Info
Update
Detail
Upload Status Info
Upload
Photo/Video
Post Change Profile Picture

Change
Post Satatus Update Educational Info

Update

Profile
Picture

Educational
Info

49
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM:-

Usr_Name gender
emailid Addrss
U_id
Usr_Name Friend_Name status
ContactNumber

Fri_Id
View/Like/ Password

FRIEND DETAIL Comment Friend USER

Detail
Pro_Pic

Edu_Det

DOB
Answer
Seq_Ques

Update/View
Information Send/Receive
Message
Update
Information

Date

View
Photo/Video Information ADMIN

Video
Access Admin_id
Pic_id
Alb_Name
Adnin_Detail Adnin_Name
Usr_Name
Photo

50
SOCIAL NETWORKING

6…

Testing

 Testing Plan
 Testing Strategy
 Testing Methods

51
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: TESTING PLAN:-

 Development of a complex client/server three air tier application requires that a

methodology be developed for more effective application or software testing and
quality assurance. Testing is made to find errors in the application. The strategy
adopted for the testing in our application.

-: TESTING STRATEGY:-
 “Testing cannot show the absence of defect. It can only show that software errors
are present.”
 Testing is the process of executing a programme with the explicit intention of finding
errors that is making the program fail. Testing is very crucial and most expensive
phase of the software development. Before delivering the system, the process of
rigorous testing is done to check that software works as it is expected and meets its
specifications. For that two testing strategies are there Code Testing & Specification
Testing. We have used both of them at different levels of code development.

 TESTING (WHITE BOX TESTING):-

 The code-testing strategy examines the logic of the programme. To follow this testing
method, test cases should be developed that result in executing every instruction in the
program or module; that is, every path through the program is tested. A path is a
specific combination of conditions that is handled by the program.
 This testing is used at initial stage of the development, as code volume is very less at
this stage. It checks only the aspects are implemented correctly or not.
 But this strategy does not indicate the code meets its specifications nor does it
determine whether all aspects are even implemented. So with this, another strategy is
also used.

 SPECIFICATION TESTING (BLACK BOX TESTING):-

 In this strategy, the specification stating what the program should do and how it
should perform under various conditions are examined. Test cases are developed for
each condition or combination of conditions.
 The analyst does not look into the programme to study the code and is not concerned
about weather every instruction or path through the program is tested. This is more
efficient method, since it focuses on the way software is expected to be used.

-: TESTING METHOD:-
 Different types of testing method are used,
1. UNIT TESTING
2. SYSTEM TESTING

52
SOCIAL NETWORKING

1. UNIT TESTING:-

 In it analyst tests the programme making up a system. The software units in a

system are the modules and routines that are assembled and integrated to
perform a specific function.
 It focuses on modules, independently of one another, to locate errors. This
enables the tester to detect errors in coding and logic that are contained within
the module alone.
1) Bottom-Up Unit Testing:-
 It can be performed from the bottom up, starting with the smallest and
lowest-level modules and proceeding one at a time. For each module
in bottom-up testing, a short program executes the module and
provides the needed data, so that the module is asked to perform the
way it will when embedded within the larger system.
2) Top-Down Unit Testing:-
 As the name implies, begins with the upper-level modules. However,
since the detailed activities usually performed in lower-level routines
are not provided, stubs are written. A sub is a module can be called by
the upper-level module and that, when reached properly, will return a
message to the calling module, indicating a proper interaction
occurred.

2. SYSTEM TESTING:-

 System testing does not test the software per se but rather the integration of each
module in the system. It also tests o find discrepancies between the system and
its original objective, current specifications and system documentation.
 The primary concern is the compatibility of individual modules. Analysts are
trying to find areas where modules have been designed with different
specifications.
 Test cases are designed to test the system and according to the submitted test
cases test data are determined and then system is tested according to different
test objectives.

53
SOCIAL NETWORKING

7…

Screen Shots

54
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: SCREEN SHOTS AND USER MANUAL:-

 The system must be user friendly and user interface is the key point of success of
system. How the user can interact with system depends on features and design of the
system.
 .NET technology provides us rich GUI, so here we had designed all pages with Visual
Basic.net controls.
 The points that we have to keep in mind are:
 Design of all forms with system must follow some sort of uniform method. e. g. Font
size of form must be same in all forms. Command button and text box should have
same size as possible.
 Color is center of attraction but while designing the real management system, the
color of almost form must be light and same.
 Size of form and sequence of forms cannot be ignored.
 Minimum action should reflect optimum output.
 Since message box and tool tip text provide user friendly environment, so they are
suggested.
 Complexity must be less.

Some special type of input data format should be specified if required

55
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 General Home Page:-

 This is the first page anyone can see when enter into site where he/she can see
only general Login page and Sign up page become a new member of site..
 To enter into the site he/she has to provide the Username and password after that
they can see further information.

Home Page

56
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 This is the first Sign up page anyone becomes member of this site.
 To enter into the site he/she has to provide the basic information like name,
password.

Sign Up 1 Page

57
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 This is the Second Sign up page anyone becomes member of this site.
 To enter into the site he/she has to provide the extra information like contact
number, Profile Picture.

Sign Up 2 Page

58
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 This is the Forgot Password page anyone Remember Password if he/she forgot
password.

Forgot Password Page

59
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 This is the Find Friends page anyone Can Find the Friends which are member of
this site.

Find Friend Page

60
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 This is the photo page user can upload image.

Uplaod Image Page

61
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 This is the Photo page User can See Photo.

Photo Page

62
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 This is the User Home Page. If anyone can send friend request then it display the
friend request.

User Home Page

63
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 This is the Friends List page that shows your Friends.

Friend List Page

64
SOCIAL NETWORKING

 This is the Send Message page anyone Can Message the Particular Friends or All
Friends which are member of this site.

Send Message Page

65
SOCIAL NETWORKING

About Us Page

66
SOCIAL NETWORKING

Contact Us Page

67
SOCIAL NETWORKING

Admin User Detail Page

68
SOCIAL NETWORKING

8…

Conclusion
 Advantages
 Limitations
 Future Expansions
 Conclusions

69
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: ADVANTAGES OF THE SITE:-

 A social network, in its most general sense, is just connections among people. In
real life, your social network is just the people you know, are around you or you
are somehow in contact with. Denotatively, is your direct social environment's
activity.
 Social networking sites are not only for you to communicate or interact with other
people globally but, this is also one effective way for business promotion. A lot of
business minded people these days are now doing business online and use these
social networking sites to respond to customer queries. It isn't just a social media
site used to socialize with your friends but also, represents a huge pool of
information from day to day living.
 Social Networking sites is keeping in touch with people hundreds of miles away,
maybe somebody who has gone travelling or moved to the other side of the world.
In the past it would have been nigh on impossible to keep in touch, much less keep
up to date with what they are doing.

-: LIMITATIONS OF THE SITE:-

 “Nothing on the earth is prefect!” according to this theory there are some
limitations of this system which are as follows:

 The system has a number of limitations and constraints. All those have been
inherited into the system. Some of those limitations are unrelational database
system, lower execution speed, constraints on data element types, non-client/server
architecture etc.
 The system only provides authentication and authorization level security, not the
other security aspects of higher level. A professional hacker may hack it. So it not
highly secured.
 The system is Required Internet. So there is the Hacked User Profile from the
Hackers. There is the Lost of Personal Data.
 There are Lots of Misuse of the data using Social Networking Websites.

-: FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS:-

 All the above-mentioned limitations can be fulfilled in the future work. After
fulfilling the limitations the system will be in a good position in terms of security
and performance. Some of the future enhancements that can be added in the present
system are:

70
SOCIAL NETWORKING

1. In Future, we can develop a system such that whenever the user friend put a
comment on a Blog the system generate one information message and send to
the user as sms on his cell.
2. In Future, we can create his own theme through his photos upload and using
predefined format of theme. He can generate his own format.
3. In Future we can also change in the website and send the Email or SMS using
the Social Networking Website.
4. In Future we can Provide Higher Security for the lost of data. And misuse of
the user data.

-: CONCLUSIONS:-
 No User, No Software!
 Every project work, does not matter software project or any other project,
could not be the result of sole effort; even though, developer team
consists one member. I think success of any project does not depend only
on better software development skills, but also, zeal to listen and help the
users. Only user interaction at development phase can give you an idea to
fulfill their requirements. Because, software is developed by developer
until the development or installation phase, afterwards the users use the
product.

 SELF ANALYSIS OF PROJECT VIABILITIES

 The main purpose as mentioned in the first chapter is to develop the

modules of Social Network. I have included as many features as we can
to make the product viable and usable. According to personal viewpoint I
am successful to an extent.
 I have followed all the rules and regulations and coding standards so that
in future the enhancement or maintenance will be easy for the employees
of the organization. Application is developed with reusability so we can
use this application with their other systems without too many changes to
this application. And the beauty of this product is that at regular interval
the project co-coordinator and web designer of organization as well as our
internal guides were taking the review of the completed work and after
taking review, the suggestions were given so accordingly I have changed
my system.

71
SOCIAL NETWORKING

9…

Bibliography

72
SOCIAL NETWORKING

-: REFERENCE BOOKS:-
 The Ultimate VB.NET and ASP.NET Code Book
By- Karl Moore
 ASP.NET Web Developer’s Guide.
By- Syngress Press
 ASP.NET Unshielded
By- Stephen Walther
 Microsoft .Net framework 2.0 Web based client development
By- Glenn Johnson and Tenny Northrup

-: WEBSITES:-
 www.google.com

 www.codeproject.com

 www.startvndotnet.com

 www.vbcity.com

 www.asp.net

 msdn2.microsoft.com

 www.codeguru.com

73