1.  Dates vary.

Some (Collins) put the date of landing as early as 551, other

(Wallace-Hadrill) as late as 554. The conquest of the last vestiges of the province
has been dated to 625 (Collins) or 629 (W-H).
2. ^ Michael Kulikowski, Late Roman Spain and its Cities (Baltimore: Johns
Hopkins University Press, 2004).
3. ^ Thompson, p. 16. The Byzantines attacked on Sunday, while the Goths
had laid down their arms to honour the Sabbath.
4. ^ Isidore of Seville, History of the Goths, translation by Guido Donini and
Gordon B. Ford, Isidore of Seville's History of the Goths, Vandals, and Suevi, 2nd
revised ed. (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1970), chapter 47, pp. 21f.
5. ^ Collins, pp. 47–49.
6. ^ Jordanes, Getica, translated by Charles Christopher Mierow, The Gothic
History of Jordanes, 1915 (Cambridge: Speculum Historiale, 1966), LVIII, 303, p.
138.
7. ^ O'Donnell, "Liberius the Patrician", Traditio 37 (1981), p. 67.
8. ^ Thompson, p. 325, based on Isidore.
9. ^ Collins, p. 49.
10. ^ Long misidentified as Sigüenza, Sagunto or Castillo de Gigonza.
11. ^ Collins, p. 49, considers it unlikely that Córdoba could have been in
revolt for so long without coming under Byzantine rule. Thompson, p. 322, sees
the lack of primary evidence for Byzantine government in any of the
aforementioned cities as conclusive that the Byzantines never could have held
Córdoba directly.
12. ^ Thompson, p. 331. The gate was augmented with towers, porticoes, and
a vaulted chamber.
13. ^ Thompson, p. 330.
14. ^ Collins, pp. 219–20.
15. ^ Collins, pp. 52–55.
16. ^ Fredegar, IV, vii.