NAME:

ALEJANDRA VILLARRAGA SI LVESTRE

TEACHER:

HEIDY MARCELA GOMEZ MARTINEZ

NRC: 5833

UNIVERSITY CORPORATION MINUTE OF GOD ''UNIMINUTO'

NEIVA - HUILA
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 You will leann how to:
¡ Talk about past perfect tense

GUIDE 5
TALKING ABOUT PAST PERFECT TENSE

§ftr had finist *d lhq lÜ3r,

§hé hadÍ't rinishsd lüq l$t.

I't¡d sh. ti§,§lled dic rffit?

ffi ative and negativeserfences

Yesterday was valentine's day, Rita's boyfriend, Tom came for dinner at 5:00.
RITA'S SCHEDULE YESTERDAY

TIME ACT¡VITY
f 0:00 Clean the house
12:3A Buy groceries
2:00 Bake a cake
3:00 Cook a roast
4:00 Prepare the vegetables
4:30 Set the table
5:30 Make a salad
6:00 Choose $ome romantic music
6:30 Make a fire
7:00 Light the candles
7:30 Serve the meal

A"l",lakesentenceswiththepastperfecttensetotellwhat@when
Tom arrived and what she f¡Adq't done_vet.
Example: "When Tom arrived, Rita had already cleaned the house""
l. When Torn arrived, Rita had already buyed grocerles.
2. When Tom arrived, Rita had already baked a cake.
3. When Tom arrived, Rita had already cooked a roast.
4. When Tom arrived, Rita had already prepared the vegetables.
5. When Tom arrived, Rita had already set the table.
6. When Tom anived, Ríta hadn't made a salad yet.
7. When Tom arrived, Rita hadn't choosed some romaniic nnusic yet.
8. When Tom arrived, Rita hadn't made a fire yet.
g. When Tom arrived, Rita hadn't lighted the candles yet.
10. When Tom arrived, Rita hadn't served the rneal yet.
 GRAMMAR AND UsE OF ENGLISH

B. Ghoose the correct verb from the list below to complete the following
sentences. Put the verb in the past perfect tense. {Use HAD+ PA§T
PARTTCTPLE)

make stsrt write leave farget flV scape close gíve

ring edt change gCI see

1. When I got to the house, Mary wasn't there. She fiegf already §ff.
2. I didn't reccgnize my old classmate because she fiad cfianqeqf so much.
3. We were late for the show lást night. By the time we got to the theater, the movie
had already started.
4. Yesterday I went on my first plane trip. I was very nervous because I had never

" 5- I couldn't eat much dinner last night because I had eptgn such a big lunch,
6. I couldn't buy any groceries last night because when I Eot to the supermarket, it
trg[already qlosed.
7. Last week our teacher gave back the essays we lt¿,üaroten"the week before.
8. The house was quiet when Andrew got home. Everyone hqs,i qone to bed seven
hours later.
9. They got to school late yesterday. The bell had already nrü*.
10. Daniela couldn't come to my house last night because she ñad already made other
plans.
11. We couldn't find the house. lt was clear that he had qiven us the wrong add
address.
12. Andrea drdn't want to come to the movie with us because she had seen it the week
before.
13. By the time the police arrived at the bank, the robber fugf already scaped.
14. I couldn't get into my apartnnent when I came home from work last night because I

bd torsotten to iake my key.

 LI§TENING

1. Listen to five different peopie talking about their joh and do the exercises to practice
and improve your listeníng skills.

Preparation
Do this exercise before you listen. Write the correct word in the bexes below the
picture"

Sflop ossisfarrt tedcfter dentíst cleaner tour guide doctor pilot nurse

n
rrl

Tour guide Shop assistant Dentist Pilot

Teacher Gleaner Nurse Doctor

2. Check your understanding: gap fill

Do this exercise while you listen. Complete the gaps with a word from the box.

Fílot dentist shop assistant tour guide nurse

1. Speaker A works as a shop assistaBt.

t.*
 2. Speaker B works as a tour guide.

3. §peaker C works as a dqntiet.

4. §peaker D works as a oilot.

5. $peaker E works as a nurse.

3" Check your understanding: Multiple choice

Does this exercise while you listen? Circle the best answer for these questions.

1. Does speaker Aenjoy his job? 5. Does speaker C like his job?

re
a)
c)
Yes.

No.
b)
c)
Sometimes.
No.

6. What does speaker D say is difficult abou¡t

2. When does speaker.A work? being a pilot?
a) When he is at university a) Travelling to rnany countries
b) Weekends b) Learning rnany languages

3. When does speaker B work? 7. What does speaker E say is the best thing
a) Weekdays about his job?
b! Weekends and holidays a) Visiting difkrentplaees
E b) §leeting different people
c) The different weather
What does speaker B say tourist love
doing? 8. Whal does speaker E not like about her

ru
a)
c)
Visiting universities

Swimrning in the river

- ,
job?
a)

GRAMMAR
FAST PERFECT PROGRESSTVE (CONTTNUOUS) TENSE

¡itlsJric :{t;xlt-nÁ 'IL'§II-IA ,\t.\r\ dlü§{t1t,

r ".T:^ .I]-." iiiis
+" I ir*d been rv*rking.

+ You had heen playing tenlris.

* it h¿d nol heen * orking ¡,r eli.

t,,
 'We
had nof hecn her.

? Had l¡een
1'0u

s Had the.v heen loug?

a The firsf auxiliary verb {have} is conjugated in the Past Simple, invariable: had
a The second auxiliary verb {be} is invariable in past participle form: been
o The main verb i$ invariable in present participle forrn: -ing
I For negative sentences we insert not after the first auxiliary verb.
--,.L!-. aa- t ^"---!l!-.-- ----L
a -a -*J - --1

des*ribe thc past o*tion, alreedy
ted and rontinucd up to a¡other
I E.gr Thry hrd bern playirry t*nnie, actiot¡ or time in th€ past
The boyg had bs*n playing sos'er for
.
about a¡¡ hour whe¡ it s¡artsd to tn¡n"

express the drrration before Plchard needed a holiday bemuse he

E.*: Th€y háS$'t beet playhg tenair"
§omelhiag in t}re past had been uorli*g hard lsr six months.

I.9: Hd th*7 btro playiag ia*nir? leserit'le the cause of someth'ing He w¡s th*d beeause fue had bee,n jogging.
in the past

Let's Practice!
1. Use the information provided below to make sentences with pnesent perlect
progressiv
e tense. plan est sif burn fight lase rain smoke wait
give look date work loak forward to

1. When the boys came home, bath had black eyes. They l¡ed *ee$ fi-qi,flgg.
2. Mary's mouth was all red. She h,a4 beeq ealing a strawberry ice cream.
3. When I woke up this morning, the sun was shining, but the ground was all wet. lt
had been raiainq during the night.
4. The firemen finatly put out the fire. I for seve!"al hours before
they arrived.
5. When I went to Carol's house yesterday, her hancls were covered in mud. She
in the garden for a few hours before I got there"
6. F*lichael bought a new cornputer last week because his old one had been qivina
hirn trouble for quite some time.
7. Mr. Jones finally had to close his business. ll had been losínq rnoney for several
year§.
8" The police fo¡' the thief for six months before they
finally caught him.
9. lt is too bad that Cathy had to cancel her trip last week. She had been planninq it
for such a long time.
10. Larry had §een slttlAg on the corner for Patty for over an hour before she finally
arrived.
11. When I went home last night, I could smell cigarettes in the house. Somebody ñad
before lgot home.
12. Bob Mary for over two years before she finally broke up with him.
13, Marcia was very when we had to cancel our lunch date. She had
been waitinq it for a long time.
14.1 ha{,been lpokitg in the waiting room for over an hour before the doctor finally
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 ACT|VITYS

PAST PERFECT TENSE

A. Match the first part of the sentence on the left with the correct ending on the night.
1" Betty's plants died because... a) she had lost her doll,
2. Bob couldn't buy the new computer because... ,. b) she had left her purse at home.
3. Sammy couldn't fall asleep last night because... c) he had already left the office.
4. The little girl was crying because.., ,: d) he hadn't studied at all.
5. I didn't have to buy groceries because.." : e) he had spent all his money.

7. Monty bought a new camera because. g) she hadn't watered them.

8. Clara couldn't pay for lunch because. : [¡) he had watched a scary movie
L Susan slept late because... ¡) I had gone shopping the day before.
because...
10. I couldn't speak to the boss j) he had lost his old one.

B. Complete the following sentences using the PAST PERFECT TENSE and the words provided.
Example: I didn't meet EIIie for lunch because,.. (she/eat)
"Ldidn't meet Ellie for lunclt because she had alreadv eatert "

, 1. My trip to New York was very exciting because.. " (l / not be I before)
Mv tri§! to Nely York was veÍv excitipq b,ecause I hadn't b*n \efore.
2. I couldn't see the doctor because... (he / already / leave the office) J
couldn't see the Doc(or begause he had alreadv left the affice.

3. I couldn't buy the car I wanted because... {the I car dealer I already I
selll I ñdn't Fuv the car I wanted bqcause the caf dealer hf,d alr:qalv sold
it.

4. We couldn't see the new exhibit because... (the museum / already /

close) We couldn't see the new exhibit because the museum had,qlreadv
closed.

C" Cornplete the sentences below using the PAST PERFECT in the NEGATIVE and the words provided.
Example:
My house was very dírty when she came over because... (l / not clean i for weeks)
"My hause was verv dirtv when she came over because*Uadn't clganed it for week§."

1" Joe had to study hard for yesterday's test because. ". (he I not do well / the week
before)
Joe had to studv ha!§lfur vesterdav's test hecause he hadp't done well it the week bsfore.
2. I was wonied when she didn't arrive on time because ... (she / not be I late I before) I
was worried when she didn't arrive on frme because sFe hadn't been late before.
3. Judy didn't want to go on the school ski trip because... (shel not ski/ before)
Judu-§idn't want to so on the school ski trip begause shg) hadn't skled befare.
 4. I didn'i recognize Ellen at the party because... {l notl see I for years) t didn'!
recoanize Ellen at the partv because I hadn't seen it for vears.
5. Jahn didn't catch the bus because... (he/not leavel the housei on time) John didn't
catch the bus because he hadn't left the house on time.
6" Andy ate a huge $uper last night because... (heinot eaU all dayl' Andv ate a hqse

suoer last nioht hecause he hadn't eaten all dav.

7. The farmers'fields were very dry because... (itlnot rain/ for weeks)
The fa{mers' fields were verv drv bec?use ít hadn't nllted faLweeks.
8. Roberta's hair fooked tenible last night because. ". (she/ not comb/ all day) R¡¡berfa's
hair loaked terrible last nioht b,ecausq she hadn't combed all dav.
9. Arnanda was exhausted yesterday because... (shei not sleepl well for several days)
Amanda w4g exhausted vesterdav because she hadn't slept well for several davs.
10. I was so happy when I got to the theater because... (the movielnot starU yet)

I was sa happv wlgn I ogt ta the theater hecause.!be m_avie hadn't started ve.t,

PA§T PERFECT PROGRESSTVE {CONTTNUOUS) TENSE WrrH BEFORE

Cornplete the following sentences with the past perfect progressive tense and the verbs provided.

1. Mrs. Anderson had beelt trvins (try) to get a taxifor over half and haur before she finally caught one.
2. Ben's eyes bad been botherin§ {bother} hím for over a year before he ñnally got glasses"
3. Marta had been livlns (live) in her apartment for six rnonths before she finally met her neighbors"
4. The patient had been waitina {wait} in the emergency roorn for severai hours before a doctor finally saw
him.
5. had been twins on {try on} shoes all morning before she finally bought a pain.
E.llie

6. Chris had been datíns (date) Sandra for three years before he finaliy asked her to marry him.
V. The doctor Fad been tellinq (tell) me to lose weight for years before I finally decided to go on a diet.
8. The fire alarm had heeafinsins (ring) for five rninutes before he finally woke up and ran out of the
apartment.
9. They bllWilS.{drive) for hours before they finally saw a service station"
10" Andrea had been crui,nq(cry) for hours before she finally told her parents the reason why she was so
unhappy.
11. The politician hai QeeA travglins (travel) across the country for months before he finally started to gain
popularity.
f 2- We had been warállto (work) for over five hours before the boss finally told us to take a break.
rainins (rain) for rnany years before he made the Olympic team.
13. The athlete ltgd been
14" The author ha§ bee&writina (write) stories for years before he finally had a book published.
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 5333VILLARRA§ASILVESTREALEJANDRP 5. Make the pasi pertect continuous pos¡live:
socroIive UN' MtI{U ULEVtsL
J

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April 4, 202C He was red in the i3ce becaüse he _- {run}
had be rünni!19

QUIZ GU¡DE 5 ENCLISH 3A 80% i8¡0) B had been rua;ng

had been running

."y' l. Uate üre past perfect cmtiñú@§ pGttive:

.6. Make lhe past peÍecl eoñtiñ@s posilivé:
I i ' {worki a§ day, s ! didnt want to go
{ra;n), and the road was covered i¡ y/ateí.
A had worKed
A has ben raiñing
§ hadoenrcrting had ben raining
c has b€n working &
c had b@n É¡nniBg

2, Make the past perfect continuoss pssitivei

y' 7. Makethepastperfect@nünrcspo§lt¡ve
{sleep} f6r ten hours tlhe¡ , woke hel
I was real¡y tired because I {study}.
A has been sleeping
A has ben studyiñg
had lie€n sleepping
ffi baoumsndying
c had been sleepiñg
C had been studing

3. Make the past perfect cont¡nuous positive:

8. Make the past perfuct coñtinuous positiye:
they {l¡ve} in $eijing fcr ihree years when he lost his job.
We (goJ oul ior three years lrhen vr'e gct maaried.
a had been living
A has been going
B had ben liveing
nave uea liüng S laooeengoing
ffi C hsd ss gp¡ng

\l 4. Makethepástpsfect@ntínwsrosi*ve:
9, Make ihe past perfect cstinuoils posil¡ve:
{eár) ¿ll day, so we felt a bit Íll.
l¡ (snow) icr three days-
$ trad been eati*g -
A hasbeen snowwing
a h¿d been eátting
B had b*e snoww¡ng
C have been eatiñg
@ hao leen srcwing

10. Maké the past perfect coñtinilous posit¡véi

l\,lrs Srmpson ( play ) the piano tor abour f¡ve minutes when the ce¡l¡ng fell over he..
has been p¡iying

h¿d been playilg

-
C liad b€en p¡ayying