CARAGAN, Chantal

Mechanical Ventilator

Describe:
a. Purpose of Mechanical Ventilators for clients
o To maintain gas exchanged in case of acute and chronic
respiratory failure.
o To maintain ventilatory support after CPR.
o To reduce pulmonary vascular resistance.
o To excrete increased CO2 production.
o To give general anesthesia with muscle relexants.
b. Parameters measured by the nurses
o Respiratory rate – number of breaths a patient takes per minute
CARAGAN, Chantal
Mechanical Ventilator

o Tidal volume – representing the normal volume of air displaced

between normal inhalation and exhalation when extra effort is not
applied.
o Vital capacity – maximum amount of air a person can expel from
the lungs after a maximum inhalation.
o Maximum Inspiratory Force – an index of inspiratory muscle
strength that is used by some clinicians in weaning a patient from
mechanical ventilation.
o Arterial blood gases – pH, PaO2, PaCO2
c. Proper care and Management for Mechanical Ventilators
o Observe for changes in the level of consciousness.
o Assess the client’s respiratory rate, depth, and pattern, including
the use of accessory muscles. Changes in the respiratory rate and
rhythm are early signs of possible respiratory distress.
o Auscultate the lung for normal or adventitious breath sounds.
Adventitious breath sounds such as wheezes and crackles are an
indication of respiratory difficulties. These assessment allows for
early detection of deterioration or improvement.
o Assess the ventilator settings and alarm system every hour.
Assessment ensures that settings are accurate and alarms are
functional.
o Maintain the client’s airway. Use the oral or nasal airway as
needed. An artificial airway is used to prevent the tongue from
occluding the oropharynx.
o Maintain client in a High-Fowler’s position as tolerated. Frequently
check the position. This position promotes oxygenation via
maximum chest expansion and is implemented during events of
respiratory distress.
CARAGAN, Chantal
Mechanical Ventilator

o Use nasotracheal suction as needed if coughing and deep

breathing are not useful. Suctioning is needed to clients who are
unable to remove secretions from the airway by coughing.