MCE 311 – Engineering Measurements

Homework 3
Due date: November 6, 2016

1. Convert the decimal number 149 to 8-bit simple binary

Remainder
149/2
74/2 1
37/2 0
18/2 1
9/2 0
4/2 1
2/2 0
1/2 0
0 1

N2 = 10010101

2. Convert the decimal number 872 to 12-bit simple binary

Remainder
872/2
436/2 0
218/2 0
109/2 0
54/2 1
27/2 0
13/2 1
6/2 1
3/2 0
1/2 1
0 1

N2 = 001101101000
 MCE 311 – Engineering Measurements
Homework 3
Due date: November 6, 2016

3. Covert the numbers +121 and -121 to 2’s complement 8-bit binary numbers

Remainder
121/2
60/2 1
30/2 0
15/2 0
7/2 1
3/2 1
1/2 1
0 1

For +121 → N2 = 01111001

For -121, invert the 8-bit representation for +121 to get 10000110. Then add 1 LSB.

For -121 → N2 = 10000111

4. The number 10010001 is an 8-bit 2’s complement number. What is the decimal value.

1) Subtract 1 LSB → 10010000.

2) Invert the 10010000 → 01101111

N10  0  27  1 26  1 25  0  2 4  1 23  1 2 2  1 21  1 20  111

3) Multiply by -1 → N10 = -111

 MCE 311 – Engineering Measurements
Homework 3
Due date: November 6, 2016

5. A 12-bit A/D converter has an input range of +/- 8 V, and the output code is offset binary.
Find the output in decimal if the input is

a. 4.2 V
b. -5.7 V
c. 10.9 V
d. -8.5 V

𝑉𝑖 − 𝑉𝑟𝑙 𝑁
𝐷𝑜 = int { 2 }
𝑉𝑟𝑢 − 𝑉𝑟𝑙

4.2 −(−8)
a. 𝐷𝑜 = int { 212 } = int {3123.2} = 3123
8−(−8)

−5.7 −(−8)
b. 𝐷𝑜 = int { 212 } = int {588.8} = 588
8−(−8)

c. 10.9 V > 8 V → it will saturate → Do = 2N – 1 = 212 – 1 = 4095

d. -8.5 V < -8 V → Do = 0

6. A 12-bit A/D converter has an input range of +/- 8V. Estimate the quantization error (as a
percentage of reading) for an input - 5.16.

V  Vrl
 1.953  10 3 V
8 - (-8)
input resolution error   0.5 ru volts   0.5
2 N 2 12

input resolution error  1.953  10 3

quantization error   100   0.04 %
Vi - 5.16