Decimals and Fractions

By,
K.Bhagavathi Sankar(18bcs034)
M.P.Sai Prasath(18bcs051)

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 Overview
 Important Formulas - Decimal Fractions

 Basic Arithmetic operations - Decimal Fractions

 Recurring Decimals

 Conversion of Recurring Decimals into Vulgar Fractions

 Comparison of Fractions

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 Basics Concepts and Formulas
• Fractions: A fraction is an expression that indicates the
quotient of two quantities.
• Examples of fractions: 1/2,1/3, 5/7, −8/5,etc.
• A fraction has two parts, Numerator and Denominator.
Numerator is the number at the top of the fraction and
denominator is the number at the bottom of the fraction.
• For example, in the fraction 1/4, 1 is numerator and 4is
denominator.
• The denominator of a fraction cannot be zero.
• Fractions can be denoted by using horizontal lines or diagonal
lines.

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 Types of Fractions
(a) Common Fraction:
A common fraction (also known as Vulgar fraction and simple fraction) is a fraction in which both
numerator and denominator are integers (Like other fractions, the denominator cannot be zero)

Examples: 2/3, 7/12, −6/5.

(b) Decimal Fraction:

A decimal fraction is a fraction in which denominator is an integer power of ten. (The term decimals are
commonly used to refer decimal fractions).

Generally, a decimal fraction is expressed using decimal notation and its denominator is not mentioned
explicitly.

Examples:

1/10 = 0.1

1/100 = 0.01

17/100 = 0.17

Decimal fractions can also be expressed using scientific notation with negative exponents.

Example: 4.193 × 10−7 is a decimal fraction which represents 0.0000004193

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 General Facts..
• Generally, a zero is added to the left of the decimal point if a whole
number is absent to draw the attention to the fact that the number is a
decimal fraction.

For example, .1 and 0.1 represents the same

• Annexing Zeros to the extreme right of a decimal fraction does not change
its value.

Example: 0.4 = 0.40 = 0.400 = 0.4000, etc.

1.21 = 1.210 = 1.2100 = 1.21000, etc
• If the numerator and denominator contain the same number of decimal
places, we can remove the decimal sign.

Example: 1.2/4.8=12/48=1/4
0.03/0.24=3/24=1/8

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 Conversion of a Decimal into Common
Fraction
Put 1 in the denominator under the decimal point and
annex with it as many zeros as is the number of digits
after the decimal point. Now, remove the decimal point
and reduce the fraction to its lowest terms.

Examples:
0.5 = 5/10=1/2.

0.75 = 75/100=3/4.

1.25 = 125/100=5/4.

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 Recurring Decimals (or Repeating Decimals)
• Recurring Decimals (or Repeating Decimals) 1. Recurring Decimal If a figure or a
set of figures is repeated continuously in a decimal fraction, it is called a
recurring decimal (also known as repeating decimal and circulating decimal).

• A repeating decimal is denoted by placing a horizontal line above the repeated

numerals. Another way to denote a recurring decimal is placing dots over the
first and last digits.

• Examples:

(a) 1/3=0.333... = 0.¯3 = 0.˙3

(b) 1/7=0.142857142857142857... = 0.142857 = 0.˙14285˙7

(c) 7/12=0.58333... = 0.58¯3 = 0.58˙3

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 Type of Recurring Decimals
Recurring Decimals can be classified into two categories :
Pure Recurring Decimals and Mixed Recurring Decimals
 Pure Recurring Decimals:
Pure Recurring Decimal is a decimal fraction in which all the figures after
the decimal point are repeated.

Examples:
(a) 1/3 = 0.333... = 0.¯3 = 0.˙3
(b) 4/11 = 0.36363636... = 0.¯¯36 = 0.˙3˙6
 Mixed Recurring Decimals:
Mixed Recurring Decimal is a decimal fraction in which some figures are not
repeated and some figures are repeated.

Examples:
(a) 7/12 = 0.58333... = 0.58¯3 = 0.58˙3.
(b) 87/66 = 1.3181818... = 1.3¯¯18 = 1.3˙1˙8

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 Problems on Decimal Fractions
1.Evaluate 3.8² − 1.2²
3.8 − 1.2

A. 5.2 B. 4.8

C. 4 D. 5

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 Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The Formula is a²−b²=(a−b)(a+b)
3.8²−1.2² = (3.8+1.2)(3.8−1.2)
3.8−1.2 (3.8−1.2)
=3.8+1.2
=5.

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 Problems on Decimal Fractions

2. If 204 ÷ 12.75 = 16, then 2.04 ÷ 1.275 = ?

A. 16 B. 1.6

C. 0.16 D. 0.016

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 • Answer: Option B
• Explanation:
• 20412.75=16
• 20.41.275=16 (∵ Divided Numerator and
Denominator by 10)

2.041.275=1.6 (∵ Divided LHS and RHS by

10)
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 Problems on Decimal Fractions

3. The price of commodity P increases by 40 paise every year, while the price of
commodity Q increases by 15 paise every year. If in 2001, the price of commodity
P was Rs. 4.20 and that of Q was Rs. 6.30, in which year commodity P will cost 40
paise more than the commodity Q ?

A. 2008 B. 2009

C. 2010 D. 2011

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• Answer: Option D
• Let the commodity P costs 40 paise more than the commodity Q after n years.
Price of the commodity P in 2001 = Rs.4.20
Since the price of the commodity P increases by Rs 0.40 every year,
Price of the commodity P after n years from 2001 = Rs.4.20 + (n × .40)
Price of the commodity Q in 2001 = Rs.6.30
Since the price of the commodity Q increases by Rs 0.15 every year,
price of the commodity Q after n years from 2001 = Rs.6.30 + (n × .15)
Since the commodity P costs Rs. 0.40 more that the commodity Q after n years from 2001,
4.20 + (n × .40) = 6.30 + (n × .15) + 0.40
=> (40n - .15n) = 6.30 - 4.20 + 0.40 = 2.5
=> .25n = 2.5
=> n =2.5.25=25025=10
=> Commodity P costs Rs.0.40 more that the commodity Q after 10 years from 2001.
i.e., in 2011

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• 4) 4.(86)’−3.(71)’ = ?

A) 1.(6)’ B) 1.(5)’
•
• C) 1.(14)’ D)1.(15)’

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• Answer: Option D
• Explanation:
• 4.(86)’=(4+86/99)

3.(71)’=(3+71/99)

• Hence,
4.(86)’−3.(71)’ =(4+86/99)−(3+71/99)
• =(1+15/99)=1.(15)’
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 5) What is the value of
((0.87)³−(0.1)³)/((0.87)²+0.087+(0.1)²)

A. 1.07 B. 0.93

C. 0.68 D. 0.77

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• ((0.87)³−(0.1)³)/((0.87)²+0.087+(0.1)²)
• =((0.87)³−(0.1)³)/((0.87)²+(0.87×0.1)+(0.1)²)

=(a³−b³)(a²+ab+b²) (where a = 0.87 and b = 0.1)

=(a−b)(a²+ab+b²)/a²+ab+b²
• =(a−b)
• =0.87−0.1 =0.77
• Answer: Option D
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 Thank You

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