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The Universal Gas Constant, Ru is independent of the particular gas and is the
same for all "perfect" gases, and is included in of The Ideal Gas Law:
p V = n Ru T (1)
where
Ru = universal gas constant [J/mol K], [lbf ft/(lb mol oR)]= 8.3145 [J/mol K]=
0.08206 [L atm/mol K] = 62.37 [L torr /mol K]
For a given quantity of gas, both n and Ru are constant, and Equation (1) can be
modified to
p1 V1 / T1 = p2 V2 / T2 (2)
expressing the relationship between different states for the given quantity of the
gas.
N =number of molecules
p V = m R T (4)
where
p = ρ R T (5)
The Individual Gas Constant - R - depends on the particular gas and is related to
the molecular weight of the gas.
See also Non-ideal gas - Van der Waal's equation and constants, used to correct for non-
ideal behavior of gases caused by intermolecular forces and the volume occupied by the
gas particles and how to calculate total pressure and partial pressures from Ideal gas law
A tank with volume of 1 ft3 is filled with air compressed to a gauge pressure of
50 psi. The temperature in tank is 70 oF.
The air density can be calculated with a transformation of the ideal gas law (5)
to:
ρ = p / (R T) (7)
The weight of the air is the product of specific weight and the air volume. It can
be calculated as:
w = ρ g V (8)
Note!
The Ideal Gas Law is accurate only at relatively low pressures and high
temperatures. To account for deviation from the ideal situation an other factor is
included. It is called the Gas Compressibility Factor, or Z-factor. This correction
factor is dependent on pressure and temperature for each gas considered.
P V = Z n R T (7)
where