GEOLOGY AND

MINERAL
RESOURCES
OF THE
PHILIPPINES

Volume 1
GEOLOGY

Revised Edition

Edited by

Mario A. Aurelio, PhD

and
Rolando E. Peña, MSc

Department of Environment and Natural Resources

Mines and Geosciences Bureau
2002

DRAFT VERSION
GMRP, Volume 1: Geology Edited by: Aurelio and Peña Table of Contents

Foreword
This present edition of Volume 1 of the Geology and Mineral Resources of
the Philippines addresses a basic problem encountered by geoscientists and the
general public, local and foreign alike, regarding the need of an updated reference
on Philippine Geology. This is a revised edition of the 20-year old first edition
published by the then Bureau of Mines and Geosciences. Since then,
developments in the earth sciences in general, and in geology in particular have
accelerated considerably, thanks to numerous collaborative programmes among
local and foreign institutions showing mutual interests in the different branches of
the field. This book presents an update on the state of knowledge of Philippine
Geology as a consequence of the rapid influx of information between 1982 and
2002.
Volume 1 is a general discussion of the geology of the Philippine
archipelago while Volume 2 focuses on the country’s mineral and energy resources.
This volume starts with an introductory chapter describing the regional tectonic
setting of the Philippines, followed by a detailed and in depth discussion of the
stratigraphy and petrology of the various regions.
This edition differs from the first in the format of presentation. In the 1982
edition of Volume 1, the geology of the Philippines was grouped by physiographic
provinces and was presented according to geologic age of formations. The present
edition discusses geology by stratigraphic groupings.
The project for the revision of the first edition was brought into fruition
through the generous funding assistance of the Department of Science and
Technology. In the work of revising the earlier edition, a Geology Working Group to
prepare Volume 1 was established. This working group was further subdivided into
subgroups and a Technical Support Group was also organized in the preparation of
the final product. Listed below are the members of these groups according to the
original instructions. However, more workers became involved as the tasks proved
to be more demanding academically and technically.
Apart from the assistance provided by the Department of Science and
Technology, gratitude is extended for the help and cooperation of the Energy
Resources Development Bureau of the Department of Energy, the National Institute
of Geological Sciences of the University of the Philippines, the Philippine Institute of
Volcanology and Seismology and geologists from other institutions and the private
sector. This project would not have been made possible without the full support of
Mines and Geosciences Bureau Director Horacio C. Ramos, Assistant Director
Edwin Domingo and former Lands Geological Survey Division Chief Romeo Almeda
and his successor, Antonio Apostol, Jr.

The Editors

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GMRP, Volume 1: Geology Edited by: Aurelio and Peña Table of Contents

GEOLOGY WORKING GROUP Volume 1

(per original S.O.)

Tectonics
Mario Aurelio

Stratigraphy
Rolando Peña – Head

Mario Aurelio Digna Evangelista

Sevillo David, Jr. Ramon Quebral
Maybellyn Agadier-Zepeda Yolanda Maac-Aguilar
Fe Tumanda-Mateer Dilson Montano
Marianne Fernandez Elsa Mula
Marietta Tan Editha Amiscaray
Mary Antonette Beroya Karlo Queaño
Alvin Fernando Jerry Hervacio Salvador
Malyn Tomonong

TECHNICAL SUPPORT GROUP

Enrique Maglanque – Head

Marie Iris Villanueva Bernard Lanuza

Melanio Dones, Jr. Saturnino Camangonan
Aurelio Gutierrez

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GMRP, Volume 1: Geology Edited by: Aurelio and Peña Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Topic Page/s
FOREWORD 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 - 17
CHAPTER 1 TECTONICS 18 - 52
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 REGIONAL GEODYNAMIC SETTING
1.2.1 WESTERN PACIFIC DOMAIN
1.2.1.1 Pacific Plate
1.2.1.2 Eurasian Plate
1.2.1.3 Indo-Australian Plate
1.2.2 SOUTHEAST ASIAN TECTONIC REGION
1.2.2.1 Philippine Sea Plate
1.2.2.1.1 Ocean Basins
1.2.2.1.2 Submarine Ridges
1.2.2.1.3 Tectonic Nature of the Boundaries of the Philippine Sea Plate
1.2.2.1.4 Kinematics of the Philippine Sea Plate
1.2.2.1.4.1 Present-day kinematics
1.2.2.1.4.1 Old kinematics
1.2.2.2 Southeast Asian Margin
1.2.2.2.1 South China Sea Basin and the Continental Blocks
1.2.2.2.2 The Sulu Sea - Cagayan Ridge - Sulu-Zamboanga Arc -
Celebes Sea System
1.2.2.2.2.1 Sulu Sea Basin and Cagayan de Sulu Ridge
1.2.2.2.2.2 Sulu-Zamboanga Arc and Celebes Sea Basin
1.2.2.3 Synthesis
1.2.2.3.1 Origin of marginal basins: existing models
1.2.2.3.2 Complexity of tectonic processes along plate boundaries
1.3 THE PHILIPPINES: A COMPLEX PLATE BOUNDARY
1.3.1 GENERAL GEODYNAMIC FRAMEWORK OF THE PHILIPPINES
1.3.1.1 Subduction zones
1.3.1.1.1 West-dipping subduction zones
1.3.1.1.1.1 Philippine Trench (4°N - 15°)
1.3.1.1.1.2 East Luzon Trough (16°N - 18°N)
1.3.1.1.2 East-dipping subduction zones
1.3.1.1.2.1 Manila Trench (22°N - 13°N)
1.3.1.1.2.2 Negros Trench (10°N)
1.3.1.1.2.3 Cotabato Trench (6°N)
1.3.1.2 Collision zones
1.3.1.2.1 Taiwan: continent-arc collision
1.3.1.2.2 Mindoro-Panay: arc-continent collision
1.3.1.2.3 Moluccas Sea: arc-arc collision
1.3.2 PHILIPPINE GEOLOGY: AN OVERVIEW
1.3.2.1 Metamorphic rocks

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1.3.2.2 Ophiolites and ophiolitic rocks

1.3.2.3 Magmatic arcs
1.3.2.3.1 Ancient arcs
1.3.2.3.2 Active volcanic arcs
1.3.2.4 Sedimentary basins: stratigraphic and structural overview
1.3.2.4.1 Ilocos - Central Luzon Basin
1.3.2.4.2 Cagayan Valley Basin
1.3.2.4.3 Southern Luzon - Bicol Basin
1.3.2.4.4 Mindoro Basin
1.3.2.4.5 Ilo-ilo Basin
1.3.2.4.6 Visayan Sea Basin
1.3.2.4.7 Samar Basin
1.3.2.4.8 Agusan-Davao Basin
1.3.2.4.9 Cotabato Basin
1.3.3 THE PHILIPPINE FAULT
1.3.3.1 Extent of the fault and morphologic evidence
1.3.3.2 Activity
1.3.3.3 Seismicity
1.3.3.4 Extent of displacement, slip rate and age of the fault
1.3.3.5 Structural regime variations along the Philippine Fault: the 3
segments
1.3.3.5.1 Northern Segment: NW Luzon to Lamon Bay
1.3.3.5.2 Central Segment: Bondoc Peninsula to Leyte
1.3.3.5.3 Southern Segment: Mindanao and the Moluccas
1.3.3.6 Mechanism
1.3.4 OTHER ACTIVE FAULTS
1.3.4.1 Valley Fault System
1.3.4.2 Macolod Corridor
1.3.4.3 Lubang-Verde Passage Fault System
1.3.4.4 Mindoro/Aglubang Fault
1.3.4.5 Sibuyan Sea Fault
1.3.4.6 Legaspi Lineament
1.3.4.7 Tablas Lineament
1.3.4.8 Mindanao Fault
1.3.4.9 Offshore Cebu Faults (?)
1.3.5 PRESENT-DAY PLATE MOTIONS IN AND AROUND THE PHILIPPINES
1.3.5.1 Southern Philippines
1.3.5.2 Central Philippines
1.4 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT TECTONIC EVENTS IN THE
PHILIPPINES
1.4.1 SEDIMENTATRY DEPOSITION
1.4.2 VOLCANISM SINCE CRETACEOUS
1.4.3 MIOCENE COLLISION
1.4.4. RECENT TECTONIC DEFORMATION
CHAPTER 1 References 53 - 64

CHAPTER 2 STRATIGRAPHY AND PETROLOGY 65- 370

2.1 STRATIGRAPHY AND PETROLOGY OF LUZON ISLAND
2.1.1 ILOCOS (SG1)
2.1.1.1 Suyo Schist (Cretaceous)
2.1.1.2 Ilocos Peridotite
2.1.1.3 Bangui Formation (Late Eocene - Late Oligocene)
2.1.1.4 Magabbobo Limestone (Late Oligocene - Early Miocene)
2.1.1.5 Bojeador Formation (Early Miocene)

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2.1.1.6 Dagot Limestone (late Early Miocene - early Middle Miocene)

2.1.1.7 Pasaleng Quartz Diorite (late Early Miocene)
2.1.1.8 Batac Formation (late Middle Miocene - Late Miocene)
2.1.1.9 Pasuquin Limestone (Late Miocene - Early Pliocene)
2.1.1.10 Laoag Formation (late Early Pliocene - Pleistocene)
2.1.1.11 Uplifted Coral Reefs (Late Pleistocene)
2.1.2 CENTRAL VALLEY BASIN - WEST SIDE (SG1)
2.1.2.1 Aksitero Formation (Late Eocene - Late Oligocene)
2.1.2.2 Moriones Formation (Early Miocene - early Late Miocene)
2.1.2.3 Malinta Formation (Late Miocene)
2.1.2.4 Tarlac Formation (Late Miocene - Early Pliocene)
2.1.2.5 Amlang Formation (Late Miocene - Early Pliocene)
2.1.2.6 Cataguintingan Formation (Late Pliocene)
2.1.2.7 Damortis Formation (Pleistocene)
2.1.2.8 Bamban Formation (Pleistocene)
2.1.3 CENTRAL LUZON BASIN - EAST SIDE (SG1)
2.1.3.1 Barenas-Baito Formation (Late Cretaceous)
2.1.3.2 Bayabas Formation (Late Eocene - Early Oligocene)
2.1.3.3 Angat Formation (Early Miocene)
2.1.3.4 Madlum Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.1.3.4.1 Clastic Member
2.1.3.4.2 Alagao Volcanics
2.1.3.4.3 Buenacop Limestone
2.1.3.5 Lambak Shale (Late Miocene)
2.1.3.6 Makapilapil Formation (Late Miocene)
2.1.3.7 Tartaro Formation (Early Pliocene)
2.1.3.8 Guadalupe Formation (Pleistocene)
2.1.3.8.1 Alat Conglomerate
2.1.3.8.2 Diliman Tuff
2.1.4 CENTRAL CORDILLERA (SG2)
2.1.4.1 Pugo Formation (Cretaceous-Eocene)
2.1.4.2 Malitep Formation (Late Eocene)
2.1.4.3 Sagada Formation (Late Eocene - Early Oligocene)
2.1.4.4 Central Cordillera Diorite Complex (Late Oligocene
2.1.4.5 Zigzag Formation (Late Oligocene - Early Miocene)
2.1.4.6 Kennon Limestone (late Early Miocene - early Middle Miocene)
2.1.4.7 Itogon Quartz Diorite (Early Miocene –early Middle Miocene)
2.1.4.8 Klondyke Formation (Middle Miocene - early Late Miocene)
2.1.4.9 Mirador Limestone (Late Miocene)
2.1.4.10 Baguio Formation (Late Miocene - Early Pliocene)
2.1.4.11 Black Mountain Quartz Diorite (Late Miocene - Pliocene)
2.1.4.12 Balacbac Andesite (Late Miocene - Pliocene)
2.1.4.13 Mankayan Dacitic Complex (Late Pliocene - Pleistocene)
2.1.4.14 Malaya Formation (Pleistocene)
2.1.4.15 Pleistocene – Recent Volcanic Centers
2.1.4 BABUYAN SUBPROVINCE (SG2)
2.1.4.16 Batan Island
2.1.4.17 Sabtang Island
2.1.4.18 Babuyan de Claro Island
2.1.4.19 Camiguin Island
2.1.4.20 Calayan island
2.1.4.21 Mt. Cagua Volcano
2.1.5 CAGAYAN VALLEY (SG3)
2.1.5.1 Abuan Formation (Eocene ?)
2.1.5.2 Dibuluan Formation (Late Oligocene)

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2.1.5.3 Ibulao Limestone (Late Oligocene)

2.1.5.4 Sicalao Limestone (Late Oligocene?)
2.1.5.5 Lubuagan Formation (Late Oligocene - Early Miocene)
2.1.5.5.1 Asiga Member
2.1.5.5.2 Balbalan Sandstone Member
2.1.5.5.3 Buluan Member
2.1.5.6 Callao Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.1.5.7 Cabagan Formation (Late Miocene - Early Pliocene)
2.1.5.8 Ilagan Formation (Late Pliocene - Early Pleistocene)
2.1.5.9 Awiden Mesa Formation (Late Pleistocene)
2.1.6 NORTHERN SIERRA MADRE – CARABALLO (SG-4)
2.1.6.1 Isabela Ophiolite (Cretaceous)
2.1.6.2 Dibuakag Volcanic Complex (Late Cretaceous)
2.1.6.3 Lubingan Formation (Paleocene?-Early Eocene)
2.1.6.4 Aurora Diorite Complex (Middle Eocene)
2.1.6.5 Caraballo Formation (Middle -Late Eocene)
2.1.6.6 Dupax Diorite Complex (Early Oligocene – Early Miocene)
2.1.6.7 Mamparang Formation (Late Oligocene)
2.1.6.8 Cordon Syenite Complex (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene)
2.1.6.9 Sta. Fe Formation (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene)
2.1.6.10 Kanaipang Limestone (Early Miocene)
2.1.6.11 Palali Formation (Early Miocene – Middle Miocene)
2.1.6.12 Aglipay Limestone (Middle Miocene)
2.1.6.13 Palanan Formation (Middle –Late Miocene)
2.1.6.14 Pantabangan Formation (Pliocene)
2.1.7 ZAMBALES RANGE (SG5)
2.1.7.1 Zambales Ophiolite Complex (Eocene)
2.1.7.1.1 Coto block
2.1.7.1.2 Acoje block
2.1.7.2 Balog-Balog Diorite (Eocene)
2.1.7.3 Aksitero Formation (Eocene – Late Oligocene)
2.1.7.4 Cabaluan Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.1.7.5 Sta. Cruz Formation (Late Miocene)
2.1.7.6 Bolinao Limestone (Pliocene - Pleistocene)
2.1.7.7 Bataan Volcanic Arc Complex (Late Miocene – Recent)
2.1.7.7.1 Western Volcanic Belt
2.1.7.7.1.1 Balakibok Volcanic Complex
2.1.7.7.1.2 Mariveles Volcanic Complex
2.1.7.7.1.3 Pinatubo Volcanic Complex
2.1.7.7.2 Eastern Volcanic Belt
2.1.7.7.2.1 Mt. Arayat
2.1.7.7.2.2 Mt. Amorong
2.1.7.7.2.3 Mt. Balungao
2.1.7.7.2.4 Mt. Cuyapo
2.1.8. SOUTHERN SIERRA MADRE (SG 6)
2.1.8.1 Polillo Island Group – Infanta Strip
2.1.8.1.1 Buhang Ophiolite (Cretaceous)
2.1.8.1.2 Quidadanom Schist (Late Cretaceous)
2.1.8.1.3 Anawan Formation (Early Eocene?)
2.1.8.1.4 Babacolan Formation (Late Eocene)
2.1.8.1.5 Polillo Diorite (Early Oligocene)
2.1.8.1.6 Bordeos Formation (Late Oligocene - Early Miocene)
2.1.8.1.7 Langoyen Limestone (Early – Middle Miocene)
2.1.8.1.8 Patnanongan Formation (Middle –Late Miocene)
2.1.8.1.9 Karlagan Formation (Pliocene)

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2.1.8.2 Southern Sierra Madre Mainland

2.1.8.2.1 Montalban Ophiolitic Complex (Cretaceous)
2.1.8.2.2 Kinabuan Formation (early Late Cretaceous)
2.1.8.2.3 Maybangain Formation (Middle Paleocene-Middle Eocene)
2.1.8.2.4 Sta. Ines Diorite (Early Oligocene)
2.1.8.2.5 Binangonan Formation (Late Oligocene - Early Miocene)
2.1.8.2.6 Angat Formation (Early - Middle Miocene)
2.1.8.2.7 Madlum Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.1.3.4.1 Clastic Member
2.1.3.4.2 Alagao Volcanics
2.1.3.4.3 Buenacop Limestone
2.1.8.2.8 Guadalupe Formation (Pleistocene)
2.1.8.2.8.1 Alat Conglomerate
2.1.8.2.8.2 Diliman Tuff
2.1.8.2.9 Antipolo Basalt
2.1.9 SOUTHWEST LUZON UPLANDS (SG7)
2.1.9.1 San Juan Formation
2.1.9.2 Tolos Diorite
2.1.9.3 Looc Volcanic Complex (Middle Miocene)
2.1.9.4 Dagatan Wacke (Middle Miocene)
2.1.9.5 Corregidor Formation (Late Miocene)
2.1.9.6 Calatagan Formation (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)
2.1.9.7 Pinamucan Formation
2.1.9.8 Mataas na Gulod Volcanic Complex (Pliocene-Pleistocene)
2.1.9.9 Macolod Volcanic Complex (Pliocene – Recent)
2.1.9.9.1 Taal Volcano
2.1.9.9.2 Makiling – Malepunyo
2.1.9.9.3 Laguna de Bai
2.1.9.10 Banahaw Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene)
2.1.10 MARINDUQUE ISLAND (SG7)
2.1.10.1 Marinduque Formation (Cretaceous?)
2.1.10.2 Magapua Limestone (late Cretaceous)
2.1.10.3 Taluntunan-Tumicob Formation (Late Eocene)
2.1.10.4 San Antonio Formation (Early Oligocene)
2.1.10.5 Torrijos Formation (Early-Middle Miocene)
2.1.10.6 Lobo Diorite (late Middle Miocene)
2.1.10.7 Porvado Conglomerate (Late Miocene)
2.1.10.8 Gasan Formation (Late Miocene)
2.1.10.9 Boac Formation (Pliocene-Pleistocene)
2.1.10.10 Malindig Volcanic Complex (Quaternary)
2.1.11 BONDOC PENINSULA (SG8)
2.1.11.1 Gumaca Schist (Cretaceous)
2.1.11.2 Unisan Formation (Late Eocene – Early Oligocene)
2.1.11.3 Panaon Limestone (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene)
2.1.11.4 Vigo Formation (Early – Middle Miocene)
2.1.11.5 Canguinsa Formation (Late Miocene – Pliocene)
2.1.11.6 Hondagua Formation (Pliocene)
2.1.11.7 Viñas Formation (Pliocene)
2.1.11.8 Malumbang Formation (Pleistocene)
2.1.12 SOUTHEASTERN LUZON (SG9, SG10)
2.1.12.1 Quezon – Camarines Norte
2.1.12.1.1 Malaguit Schist (Jurassic?)
2.1.12.1.2 Cadig Ophiolitic Complex (Early Cretaceous)
2.1.12.1.3 Tigbinan Formation (Late Cretaceous)
2.1.12.1.4 Tumbaga Formation (Eocene)

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2.1.12.1.5 Larap Volcanic Complex (Oligocene?)

2.1.12.1.6 Bosigon Formation (Early Miocene)
2.1.12.1.7 Paracale Granodiorite (Middle Miocene ?)
2.1.12.1.8 Tamisan Diorite (Middle Miocene)
2.1.12.1.9 Sta. Elena Formation (Late Miocene)
2.1.12.1.10 Viñas Formation (Pliocene)
2.1.12.2 Caramoan Peninsula
2.1.12.2.1 Siruma Schist (Jurassic)
2.1.12.2.2 Lagonoy Ophiolite (Jurassic – Early Cretaceous)
2.1.12.2.3 Pagsangahan Formation (Late Cretaceous)
2.1.12.2.4 Garchitorena Formation (Late Cretaceous)
2.1.12.2.5 Guijalo Limestone (Middle Eocene)
2.1.12.2.6 Caramoan Formation (Middle - Late Eocene)
2.1.12.2.6.1 Tabgon Flysch.
2.1.12.2.6.2 Ragas Point Olistostrome
2.1.12.2.7 Tambang Diorite (Early Oligocene)
2.1.12.2.8 Del Pilar Formation (Early Miocene)
2.1.12.3.6 Lahuy Formation (Middle - Late Miocene)
2.1.12.3 Catanduanes Island
2.1.12.3.1 Yop Formation (Early – Late Cretaceous)
2.1.12.3.2 Codon Formation (upper Late Cretaceous)
2.1.12.3.3 Payo Formation (Early – Late Eocene)
2.1.12.3.1 Manamrag volcanics and volcaniclastics facies
2.1.12.3.2 Hilawan Limestone
2.1.12.3.4 Batalay Diorites (Early Oligocene)
2.1.12.3.5 Bote Limestone (Late Oligocene - Early Miocene)
2.1.12.3.6 San Vicente Conglomerate (Middle Miocene)
2.1.12.3.7 Sto. Domingo Limestone (Middle – Late Miocene)
2.1.12.3.8 Viga Conglomerates (Pliocene - Pleistocene)
2.1.12.4 Cagraray, Batan, Rapu-Rapu islands
2.1.12.4.1 Rapu-Rapu Schist (Cretaceous)
2.1.12.4.2 Cagraray Peridotite (Cretaceous)
2.1.12.4.3 Libog Formation (Late Cretaceous?)
2.1.12.4.4 Sula Formation ((Middle Eocene)
2.1.12.4.5 Coal Harbor Limestone (Late Oligocene - Early Miocene)
2.1.12.4.6 Liguan Formation (Early Miocene)
2.1.12.4.6.1 Coast Limestone
2.1.12.4.6.2 Coal Measures
2.1.12.4.6.3 Hill Limestone
2.1.12.4.7 Caracaran Siltstone (Early Miocene)
2.1.12.4.8 Bilbao Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.1.12.4.8.1 Lower limestone member
2.1.12.4.8.2 Galicia Sandstone
2.1.12.4.8.3 Gaba Coal Measures
2.1.12.4.8.3 Upper limestone member
2.1.12.5 Southern Bicol Peninsula
2.1.12.5.1 Panganiran Peridotite (Cretaceous)
2.1.12.5.2 Pantao Limestone (Eocene)
2.1.12.5.3 Ragay Andesite (Early Oligocene)
2.1.12.5.4 Maonon Diorite (Late Oligocene)
2.1.12.5.5 Tinalmud Formation (Early – Middle Miocene)
2.1.12.5.6 Talisay Formation (Late Miocene - Pliocene)
2.1.12.5.7 Ligao Formation (Pliocene - Pleistocene)
2.1.12.6 Bicol Volcanic Arc Complex
2.1.12.6.1 Susong Dalaga Volcanic Complex (Pliocene)

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2.1.12.6.2 Macogon Formation (Pliocene)

2.1.12.6.3 Bagacay Andesite (Pliocene)
2.1.12.6.4 Polangui Volcanic Compelx (Pliocene – Pleistocene)
2.1.12.6.5 Isarog Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene)
2.1.12.6.6 Labo Volcanic Compelx (Pleistocene)
2.1.12.6.7 Pocdol Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene)
2.1.12.6.8 Bulusan Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene – Recent)
2.1.12.6.9 Iriga Volcano (Pleistocene – Recent)
2.1.12.6.10 Mayon Volcano (Pleitocene – Recent)
2.1.13 MASBATE GROUP OF ISLANDS (SG8, SG15)
2.1.13.1 Masbate Mainland
2.1.13.1.1 Baleno Schist (Jurassic?)
2.1.13.1.2 Manapao Basalt (Jurassic?)
2.1.13.1.3 Calumpang Formation (Late Jurassic?)
2.1.13.1.4 Kaal Formation (Early – Middle Eocene)
2.1.13.1.5 Aroroy Quartz Diorite (Middle – Late Eocene)
2.1.13.1.6 Nabangig Formation (Late Oligocene)
2.1.13.1.7 Mountain Maid Limestone (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene)
2.1.13.1.8 Lanang Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.1.13.1.9 Mobo Diorite (Middle Miocene)
2.1.13.1.10 Buyag formation (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)
2.1.13.1.11 Nabongsuran Andesite (Early Pliocene)
2.1.13.1.12 Port Barrera Formation (Pleistocene)
2.1.13.1.13 Masbate Limestone (Pleistocene)
2.1.13.2 Ticao Island
2.1.13.2.1 Talisay Schist
2.1.13.2.2 Nap Conglomerate (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene)
2.1.13.2.3 Pilar Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.1.13.2.4 Ticao Limestone (Late Miocene)
2.1.13.2.5 San Jacinto Formation (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)
2.1.13.2.6 Matabao Formation (Pleistocene)
2.1.13.3 Burias and Adjacent Islands
2.1.13.3.1 Makalawang Limestone (Oligocene)
2.1.13.3.2 Quilla Formation (Early Miocene)
2.1.13.3.3 San Pascual Formation (Middle – Late Miocene)
2.1.13.3.4 Baybay Limestone (Pliocene)
2.1.14 MINDORO ISLAND (SG7, SG11)
2.1.14.1 Southwestern Mindoro
2.1.14.1.1 Mansalay Formation (Jurassic)
2.1.14.1.2 Agbahag Conglomerate (Middle Eocene)
2.1.14.1.3 Caguray Formation (Late Eocene – Early Oligocene)
2.1.14.1.4 Bugtong Formation (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene)
2.1.14.1.5 Tangon Formation (Early Miocene)
2.1.14.1.6 Napisian Formation (Early Miocene)
2.1.14.1.7 Pocanil Formation (Early Miocene – Middle Miocene)
2.1.14.1.8 Punso Conglomerate (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)
2.1.14.1.9 Famnoan Formation (Early Pliocene)
2.1.14.1.10 Balanga Formation (Late Pliocene – Early Pleistocene)
2.1.14.1.11 Oreng Formation (Pleistocene)
2.1.14.2 Northeastern Mindoro
2.1.14.2.1 Halcon Metamorphic Complex (Late Jurassic?)
2.1.14.2.1.1 Burburungan Metaophi olite
2.1.14.2.1.2 Camarong Gneiss
2.1.14.2.1.3 Metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks
2.1.14.2.2 Abra de Ilog Formation (Cretaceous)

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2.1.14.2.3 Lasala Formation (Late Eocene)

2.1.14.2.4 Pagbahan Granodiorite (Late Eocene – Early Oligocene)
2.1.14.2.5 Amnay Ophiolitic Complex (Early – Middle Oligocene)
2.1.14.2.6 Lumintao Basalt (Middle Oligocene)
2.1.14.2.7 San Teodoro Volcanic Complex (Late Miocene – Early
Pliocene)
2.1.14.2.8 Dumali Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene)
2.1.15 PALAWAN ISLAND (SG11, SG12)
2.1.15.1 Northern Palawan
2.1.15.1.1 Malampaya Sound Group
2.1.15.1.1.1 Bacuit Formation (Middle – Late Permian)
2.1.15.1.1.2 Minilog Limestone (Late Permian – Middle Triassic)
2.1.15.1.1.3 Liminangcong Formation (Late Permian – Late Jurassic)
2.1.15.1.1.4 Coron Formation (Late Triassic – Late Jurassic)
2.1.15.1.1.5 Guinlo Formation (Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous)
2.1.15.1.1.6 Paly Serpentinite (Cretaceous)
2.1.15.1.2 Barton Group (Cretaceous)
2.1.15.1.2.1 Caramay Schist
2.1.15.1.2.2 Concepcion Phyllite
2.1.15.1.2.3 Boayan Formation
2.1.15.1.3 Maytiguid Limestone (Eocene)
2.1.15.1.4 St. Paul Limestone (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene)
2.1.15.1.5 Kapoas Granite (Middle Miocene)
2.1.15.1.6 Piedras Andesite (Middle Miocene?)
2.1.15.1.7 Manguao Basalt (Pliocene – Pleistocene)
2.1.15.2 Central and Southern Palawan and Balabac Island
2.1.15.2.1 Palawan Ophiolite (Cretaceous)
2.1.15.2.2 Beaufort Ultramafic Complex (Cretaceous)
2.1.15.2.3 Stavely Gabbro (Cretaceous)
2.1.15.2.4 Espina Formation (Late Cretaceous)
2.1.15.2.5 Dalrympole Amphibolite (Middle Eocene)
2.1.15.2.6 Panas Formation (Eocene)
2.1.15.2.7 Sumbiling Limestone
2.1.15.2.8 Pandian Formation (Middle Eocene – Early Oligocene)
2.1.15.2.9 Sagasa Melange (Oligocene?)
2.1.15.2.10 Balabac Formation (Late Oligocene – Miocene)
2.1.15.2.10.1 North Bay Member (Late Oligocene)
2.1.15.2.10.2 Tagkalasa Member (Early Miocene)
2.1.15.2.10.3 Catagupan Member (Early-Middle Miocene)
2.1.15.2.10.4 Sigumay (Late Miocene)
2.1.15.2.11 Ransang Formation (Early Miocene)
2.1.15.2.12 Isugod Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.1.15.2.13 Alfonso XIII Formation (Late Miocene)
2.1.15.2.14 Iwahig Formation (Pliocene)
2.1.15.2.14.1 Pusok Conglomerate
2.1.15.2.14.2 Panoyan Limestone
2.1.15.2.15 Tagburos Opalite (Pleistocene)

2.2 STRATIGRAPHY AND PETROLOGY OF THE VISAYAN ISLANDS

2.2.1 PANAY ISLAND (SG 11, 13, 14, 15)
2.2.1.1 Buruanga Peninsula
2.2.1.1.1 Buruanga Metamorphic Complex (Late Paleozoic to Early (?)
Mesozoic)
2.2.1.1.2 Patria Quartz Diorite (Early Miocene?)
2.2.1.1.3 Fragante Formation (Middle Miocene)

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2.2.1.1.4 Liberatd Formation (Pliocene to Pleistocene)

2.2.1.2 Western Panay – Antique Range
2.2.1.2.1 Antique Ophiolite (Cretaceous)
2.2.1.2.2 Cabariohan Limestone (upper Early Eocene)
2.2.1.2.3 Lumbuyan Formation (Late Eocene?)
2.2.1.2.4 Baloy Formation (Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)
2.2.1.2.5 Mayos Formation (late Early to early Middle Miocene)
2.2.1.2.6 Pakol Diorite (Middle Miocene?)
2.2.1.2.7 Paniciuan Melange (early Middle Miocene)
2.2.1.2.8 Lagdo Formation (late Middle Miocene)
2.2.1.2.9 Apdo Formation (Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene)
2.2.1.3 Central Panay – Iloilo Basin
2.2.1.3.1 Antique Ophiolite (Cretaceous)
2.2.1.3.2 Singit Formation (Early – Middle Miocene)
2.2.1.3.2.1 Sewaragan Member
2.2.1.3.2.2 Tanian Limestone Member
2.2.1.3.2.3 Igtalongon Shale
2.2.1.3.2.4 Barasan Sandstone
2.2.1.3.3 Tarao Formation (Late Miocene)
2.2.1.3.3.1 Tubungan Siltstone Member
2.2.1.3.3.2 Guimbal Mudstone Member
2.2.1.3.4 Iday Formation (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)
2.2.1.3.5 Ulian Formation (Late Pliocene)
2.2.1.3.6 Cabatuan Formation (Pleistocene)
2.2.1.3.6.1 Balic Clay Member
2.2.1.3.6.2 Maraget Sandstone
2.2.1.3.6.3 Sta. Barbara Member
2.2.1.4 Eastern Panay Magmatic Arc
2.2.1.4.1 Sibala Formation (Cretaceous?)
2.2.1.4.2 Guimaras Diorite (Paleocene)
2.2.1.4.3 Sara Diorite (Early Oligocene)
2.2.1.4.4 Pilar Formation (Late Oligocene)
2.2.1.4.5 Passi Formation (Early – Middle Miocene)
2.2.1.4.5.1 Salugan Member
2.2.1.4.5.2 Assisig Member
2.2.1.4.6 Agudo Basalt (Middle Miocene)
2.2.1.4.7 Dingle Formation (Late Miocene)
2.2.1.4.7.1 Aglalana Limestone Member
2.2.1.4.7.2 Summit Clastic Member
2.2.1.4.7.3 Sto. Thomas Limestone Member
2.2.1.4.8 Ulian Formation (Late Pliocene)
2.2.1.4.9 Odiongan Andesite (Pleistocene)
2.2.1.4.10 Cabatuan Formation (Pleistocene)
2.2.2 ROMBLON ISLAND GROUP (SG 11)
2.2.2.1 Romblon Metamorphic Complex (Paleozoic)
2.2.2.2 Carabao Sandstone (Permian?)
2.2.2.3 Pacul Limestone (Middle Permian)
2.2.2.4 Tablas Volcanic Complex (Cretaceous)
2.2.2.5 Sibuyan Ultramafic Complex (Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene)
2.2.2.6 Calatrava Quartz Diorite (Eocene)
2.2.2.7 Bailan Limestone (Eocene)
2.2.2.8 Binoog Formation (Early to Middle Miocene)
2.2.2.8.1 Tuguis Limestone (Early to Middle Miocene)
2.2.2.8.2 Cogon Member (Middle Miocene)
2.2.2.9 Anahao Formation (Late Miocene to Early Pliocene?)

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2.2.2.10 Banton Volcanic Complex (Pliocene)

2.2.2.11 Peliw Formation (Late Pliocene)
2.2.2.11.1 Mayha Clastic Member
2.2.2.11.2 Looc Limestone (Late Pliocene to Pleistocene?)
2.2.3 NEGROS ISLAND (SG 15, 16, 17)
2.2.3.1 Basak Formation (Cretaceous?)
2.2.3.2 Isio Limestone (Eocene)
2.2.3.3 Pangatban Diorite (Oligocene)
2.2.3.4 Escalante Formation (Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)
2.2.3.5 Malabago Formation (early Middle Miocene)
2.2.3.6 Macasilao Formation (late Middle Miocene)
2.2.3.7 Talave Formation (Late Miocene to Early Pliocene)
2.2.3.8 Magsinulo Andesite (Early to Late Pliocene)
2.2.3.9 Amlan Conglomerate (Late Pliocene)
2.2.3.10 Caliling Formation (Late Pliocene to Pleistocene)
2.2.3.11 Canlaon Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene to Recent)
2.2.4 CEBU ISLAND (SG 17)
2.2.4.1 Northern and Central Cebu
2.2.4.1.1 Tunlob Schists (Jurassic to Early Cretaceous)
2.2.4.1.2 Mananga Group
2.2.4.1.2.1 Tuburan Limestone (Early Cretaceous)
2.2.4.1.2.2 Cansi Formation (Early-Late Cretaceous boundary)
2.2.4.1.2.3 Pandan Formation (Late Cretaceous)
2.2.4.1.3 Bantoon Peridotite (Late Cretaceous to Paleocene)
2.2.4.1.4 Lutopan Diorite (Late Paleocene to Early Eocene)
2.2.4.1.5 Baye Limestone (Eocene)
2.2.4.1.6 Lutak Limestone (Middle Oligocene)
2.2.4.1.7 Talamban Diorite (Late Middle Miocene)
2.2.4.1.8 Mananga Group
2.2.4.1.8.1 Cebu Formation (Late Oligocene)
2.2.4.1.8.1.1 Lower Coal Measures (Late Oligocene)
2.2.4.1.8.1.2 Ilag Limestone (Late Oligocene)
2.2.4.1.8.2 Malubog Formation (Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)
2.2.4.1.9 Bulacao Andesite (Middle to Late Miocene)
2.2.4.1.10 Luka Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.2.4.1.11 Uling Limestone (Middle Miocene)
2.2.4.1.12 Talavera Group
2.2.4.1.12.1 Toledo Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.2.4.1.12.2 Maingit Formation (Late Middle Miocene)
2.2.4.1.13 Barili Formation (Late Miocene to Early Pliocene)
2.2.4.1.13.1 Lower Limestone Member (Late Miocene)
2.2.4.1.13.2 Bolok-bolok Member (Late Miocene to Early Pliocene)
2.2.4.1.14 Carcar Limestone (Probable Late Pliocene to Pleistocene)
2.2.4.2 Southern Cebu Siquijor Island
2.2.4.2.1 Pandan Formation (Late Cretaceous)
2.2.4.2.2 Argao Group
2.2.4.2.2.1 Calagasan Formation (Late Oligocene)
2.2.4.2.2.2 Butong Limestone (Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)
2.2.4.2.2.3 Linut-od Formation (Early Miocene)
2.2.4.3 Siquijor Island
2.2.4.3.1 Kanglasog Volcanic Complex (Cretaceous?)
2.2.4.3.2 Basac Formation (Early to Middle Miocene)
2.2.4.3.2.1 Lazi Member
2.2.4.3.2.2 Can-agong Limestone
2.2.4.3.3 Siquijor Limestone (Pliocene to Pleistocene)

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2.2.5 BOHOL ISLAND (SG 17)

2.2.4.1 Alicia Schist (Cretaceous?)
2.2.5.2 Bohol Ophiolite (Cretaceous to Paleocene?)
2.2.5.3 Ubay Formation (Eocene)
2.2.5.4 Calape Limestone (Late Eocene)
2.2.5.5 Jetafe Andesite (Eocene to Oligocene)
2.2.5.6 Talibon Diorite (Eocene to Oligocene)
2.2.5.7 Ilihan Shale (Early Oligocene)
2.2.5.8 Jagna Andesite (Late Oligocene)
2.2.5.9 Wahig Formation (Early to Middle Miocene)
2.2.5.10 Carmen Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.2.5.11 Sierra Bullones Limestone (Late Miocene)
2.2.5.12 Maribojoc Formation (Pliocene)
2.2.5.12.1 Tubigon Conglomerate
2.2.5.12.2 Sevilla Marl
2.2.5.12.3 Cortes Limestone
2.2.6 LEYTE ISLAND (SG 17, 19, 20)
2.2.6.1 Western Leyte and Camotes Island (SG 17)
2.2.6.1.1 Malitbog Ophiolite (Late Cretaceous?)
2.2.6.1.1.1 Lawagan Gabbro (Late Cretaceous)
2.2.6.1.1.2 Cagbaong Basalt (Late Cretaceous?)
2.2.6.1.1.3 Tigbauan Formation (Late Cretaceous)
2.2.6.1.2 Amontay Sandstone (Middle? to Late Eocene)
2.2.6.1.3 Gilonon Formation (Late Eocene)
2.2.6.1.4 Kantaring Limestone (Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)
2.2.6.1.5 Batang Formation (Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)
2.2.6.1.6 Taog Formation (Early Miocene)
2.2.6.1.7 Laboon Conglomerate (Middle Miocene)
2.2.6.1.8 Calubian Limestone (Middle Miocene)
2.2.6.1.9 Tagnocot Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.2.6.1.10 Kadlum Conglomerate (Late Miocene)
2.2.6.1.11 Bata Formation (Late Miocene)
2.2.6.1.12 Hubay Formation (Early Pliocene)
2.2.6.1.13 Inopacan Formation (Late Pliocene?)
2.2.6.1.14 Tuktuk Formation (Early Pleistocene)
2.2.6.1.15 San Isidro Limestone (Pleistocene)
2.2.6.2 Leyte Central Highland (SG 19)
2.2.6.2.1 Albuera Diorite (Paleogene)
2.2.6.2.2 Baybay Volcanic Complex (Early to Middle Miocene)
2.2.6.2.3 Pangasugan Formation (Late Miocene to Early Pliocene)
2.2.6.2.4 Dolores Formation (Late Pliocene)
2.2.6.2.5 Visares Limestone (Late Pliocene to Pleistocene?)
2.2.6.2.6 Leyte Volcanic Arc Complex (Late Pliocene to Recent)
2.2.6.2.6.1 Cabalian Volcanic Complex (Late Pliocene - Pleistocene)
2.2.6.2.6.2 Biliran Volcanic Complex (Late Pliocene to Recent)
2.2.6.2.6.3 Cancajanag Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene to Recent)

2.2.6.3 Eastern Leyte (SG 20)

2.2.6.3.1 Babatngon Schist (Pre-Cretaceous)
2.2.6.3.2 Tacloban Ophiolite (Cretaceous)
2.2.6.3.2.1 Tagawili Ultramafic Complex
2.2.6.3.2.2 Tigbao Gabbro
2.2.6.3.2.3 Paglaum Diabase Complex
2.2.6.3.2.4 Caibaan Basalt
2.2.6.3.2.5 Palanog Formation

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2.2.6.3.3 San Jose Formation (Early Miocene)

2.2.6.3.4 San Ricardo Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.2.6.3.5 Bagahupi Formation (Late Miocene to Pliocene)

2.2.6 SAMAR ISLAND (SG 18, 20)

2.2.7.1 Samar Ophiolite (Cretaceous)
2.2.7.1.1 Giporlos Ultramafic Complex (Cretaceous)
2.2.7.1.2 Camcuevas Volcanic Complex (Cretaceous)
2.2.7.2 Anagasi Formation (Late Cretaceous)
2.2.7.3 Balo Formation (Late Cretaceous)
2.2.7.4 Lawaan Formation (Paleogene?)
2.2.7.5 Daram Formation (Late Oligocene-Early Miocene)
2.2.7.6 Hagbay Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.2.7.7 Catbalogan Formation (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)
2.2.7.8 Calicoan Formation (Late Pliocene – Pleistocene)

2.3 STRATIGRAPHY AND PETROLOGY OF MINDANAO ISLAND

2.3.1 DINAGAT GROUP OF ISLANDS (SG20)
2.3.1.1 Nueva Estrella Schist (Cretaceous)
2.3.1.2 Dinagat Ophiolite Complex (Late Cretaceous)
2.3.1.3 Siargao Formation (Early Miocene)
2.3.1.4 Loreto Formation (Late Miocene)
2.3.1.5 Timamana Limestone (Early Pliocene)
2.3.1.6 Recent Deposits
2.3.2 SULU ARCHIPELAGO (SG21)
2.3.2.1 Sulu Serpentinite (Cretaceous to Eocene?)
2.3.2.2 Sibutu Diorite (Cretaceous to Eocene?)
2.3.2.3 Bongao Formation (Miocene?)
2.3.2.4 Jolo Volcanic Complex (Pliocene to Pleistocene)
2.3.3 ZAMBOANGA – MISAMIS OCCIDENTAL (SG21)
2.3.3.1 Zamboanga Peninsula
2.3.3.1.1 Tungauan Schist (Cretaceous?)
2.3.3.1.2 Bungiao Melange (Cretaceous?)
2.3.3.1.3 Sirawai Formation (Cretaceous?)
2.3.3.1.4 Anungan Formation (Early to Middle Miocene)
2.3.3.1.5 Soleplep Volcanic Complex (Late Miocene)
2.3.3.1.6 Vitali Diorite (Late Miocene)
2.3.3.1.7 Curuan Formation (Late Miocene)
2.3.3.1.8 Panganuran Formation (Pliocene)
2.3.3.1.9 Tigpalay Conglomerate (Pleistocene)
2.3.3.1.10 Sta. Maria Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene)
2.3.3.2 North – Central Zamboanga
2.3.3.2.1 Dansalan Metamorphic Complex (Cretaceous?)
2.3.3.2.2 Polanco Ophiolite Complex (Cretaceous)
2.3.3.2.3 Sindangan Basalt (Cretaceous?)
2.3.3.2.4 Gunyan Melange (Early Miocene?)
2.3.3.2.5 Tampilisan Melange (Early Miocene?)
2.3.3.2.6 Camanga Formation (Early to Middle Miocene)
2.3.3.2.7 Pictoran Formation (late Miocene)
2.3.3.2.8 Timonan Formation (Pliocene)
2.3.3.2.9 Aurora Formation (Pleistocene)
2.3.3.3 Sibuguey Peninsula – Olutanga Island
2.3.3.3.1 Mangabel Formation (Eocene)
2.3.3.3.2 Sibuguey Formation (Oligocene-Early Miocene)
2.3.3.3.3 Lumbog Formation (Early Miocene)

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2.3.3.3.3.1 Lalat Member

2.3.3.3.3.2 Gotas Member
2.3.3.3.3.3 Dumagok Member
2.3.3.3.4 Dumaguet Sandstone (Middle to Late Miocene)
2.3.3.3.5 Sibuguey Diorite (Late Miocene)
2.3.3.3.6 Coloy Formation (Pliocene)
2.3.3.3.7 Olutanga Limestone (Pliocene to Pleistocene)
2.3.3.3.8 Zamboanga Volcanic Complex (Pliocene to Pleistocene)
2.3.3.3.9 Labangan Formation (Pleistocene)
2.3.4 CENTRAL MINDANAO (SG 22)
2.3.4.1 Misamis Oriental – Bukidnon – Lanao
2.3.4.1.1 Tago Schist (Cretaceous?)
2.3.4.1.2 Awang Ultramafic Complex (Cretaceous)
2.3.4.1.3 Himalyan Formation (Eocene)
2.3.4.1.4 Balongkot Limestone (Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)
2.3.4.1.5 Tuod Formation (Early to Middle Miocene)
2.3.4.1.6 Maniki Diorite Complex (Middle Miocene)
2.3.4.1.7 Opol Formation (Late Miocene)
2.3.4.1.8 Indahag Limestone (Pliocene)
2.3.4.1.9 Iponan Formation (Pliocene)
2.3.4.1.10 Bukidnon Formation (Pleistocene)
2.3.4.1.11 Cagayan Gravel (Pleistocene to Holocene)
2.3.4.2 Mindanao Central Cordillera
2.3.4.2.1 Tago Schist (Cretaceous?)
2.3.4.2.2 Pantaron Ophiolitic Complex (Cretaceous)
2.3.4.2.3 Nilabsan Formation (Late Cretaceous?)
2.3.4.2.4 Umayam Limestone (Eocene)
2.3.4.2.5 Kilapagan Formation (Eocene to Early Oligocene)
2.3.4.2.6 Kalagutay Formation (Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)
2.3.4.2.7 Tagbacan Formation (Middle Miocene to Late Miocene)
2.3.4.2.8 Locawan Diorite (Late Miocene)
2.3.4.2.9 Lumbayao Formation (Pliocene to Pleistocene)
2.3.4.2.10 Malambo Andesite (Pleistocene)
2.3.4.2.11 Koronadal Formation (Pleistocene)
2.3.4.2.12 Cabanglasan Gravel (Late Pleistocene to Holocene)
2.3.4.3 Central Mindanao Volcanic Zone
2.3.4.3.1 Mambuaya Andesite (Pliocene to Pleistocene)
2.3.4.3.2 Lanao Volcanic Complex (Pliocene to Pleistocene)
2.3.4.3.3 Ragang Volcanic Complex (Pliocene to Recent)
2.3.4.3.4 Parker Volcanic Complex (Pliocene -Recent)
2.3.4.3.5 Apo Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene)
2.3.4.3.6 Malindang Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene)
2.3.4.3.7 Katanglad Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene to Recent)
2.3.4.3.8 Matutum Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene to Recent)
2.3.4.3.9 Camiguin Volcanic Complex (Pleistocene to Recent)
2.3.4.3.10 Musuan Volcano (Pleistrocene to Recent)
2.3.5 AGUSAN – DAVAO BASIN (SG 23)
2.3.5.1 Agusan Basin
2.3.5.1.1 Agdaon Formation (Late Miocene to Late Pliocene)
2.3.5.1.2 Wawa Formation (Early to Late Pleistocene)
2.3.5.1.3 Recent Deposits
2.3.5.2 Davao Basin
2.3.5.2.1 Kabagtican Formation (Early Miocene)
2.3.5.2.2 Upian Limestone (Early Miocene)
2.3.5.2.3 Masuhi Formation (Late Miocene to Early Pliocene)

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2.3.5.2.4 Mandog Sandstone (Early to Late Pleistocene)

2.3.5.2.5 Mawab Formation (Pleistocene?)
2.3.5.2.6 Bunawan Limestone (Quaternary)
2.3.5.2.7 Tigatto Terrace Gravel (Quaternary)
2.3.5.3 Davao Gulf and Samal Island
2.3.5.3.1 Tagbobo Conglomerate (Pliocene)
2.3.5.3.2 Samal Limestone (Quaternary)
2.3.6 MINDANAO PACIFIC CORDILLERA (SG 24)
2.3.6.1 Northern Pacific Cordillera and Masapelid Island
2.3.6.1.1 Dinagat Ophiolite Complex (Cretaceous?)
2.3.6.1.2 Sohoton Greenschist (Cretaceous)
2.3.6.1.3 Madanlog Formation (Late Eocene)
2.3.6.1.4 Bacuag Formation (Late Oligocene to Early Miocene
2.3.6.1.5 Asiga Diorite (Late Oligocene)
2.3.6.1.6 Mabuhay Formation (Early to Middle Miocene)
2.3.6.1.7 Timamana Limestone (Middle Miocene)
2.3.6.1.8 Tugunan Formation (Late Miocene to Late Pliocene)
2.3.6.1.9 Ipil Andesite (Early to Late Pliocene)
2.3.6.1.10 Bad-as Dacite (Late Pliocene)
2.3.6.1.11 Mainit Formation (Pleistocene)
2.3.6.1.12 Placer Conglomerate (Pleistocene)
2.3.6.1.13 Maniayao Volcanics (Quaternary)
2.3.6.2 Central Pacific Cordillera
2.3.6.2.1 Baggao Limestone (Eocene)
2.2.6.2.2 Anoling Volcanics (Oligocene?)
2.3.6.2.3 Diwata Diorite (Early Oligocene?)
2.3.6.2.4 Bislig Formation (Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)
2.3.6.2.5 Rosario Limestone (lower Middle Miocene)
2.3.6.2.6 Hinatuan Limestone (Pleistocene)
2.3.6.3 Southern Pacific Cordillera
2.3.6.3.1 Barcelona Formation (Cretaceous-Paleogene?)
2.3.6.3.2 Tagabakid Formation (Late Eocene)
2.3.6.3.3 Cateel Quartz Diorite (Miocene)
2.3.6.3.4 Agtuuganon Limestone (Early Miocene to Middle Miocene)
2.3.6.3.5 Taragona Conglomerate (Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene)
2.3.6.3.6 Manay Formation (Early – Late Pleistocene)
2.3.6.3.7 Amacan Volcanic Complex (Holocene)
2.3.7 DAGUMA RANGE (SG 25)
2.3.7.1 Salbuyon Schist (Cretaceous?)
2.3.7.2 Kiamba Formation (Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene)
2.3.7.3 Daguma Diorite (Early Oligocene)
2.3.7.4 Maganoy Formation (Late Oligocene to early Miocene)
2.3.7.5 Nakal Formation (Early Miocene)
2.3.7.6 Cablacan Formation (Early Miocene)
2.3.7.7 Tual Quartz Diorite (Middle Miocene)
2.3.7.8 Tampanan Limestone (Middle to Late Miocene?)
2.3.7.9 Siguil Formation
2.3.7.10 Allah Formation (Late Miocene)
2.3.7.11 Kamanga Limestone (Pleistocene)
2.3.7.12 Matulas Gravel (Recent)
2.3.8 COTABATO VALLEY (SG 26)
2.3.8.1 Patut Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.3.8.2 Dinganen Formation (Late Miocene)
2.3.8.3 Nicaan Formation (Late Miocene to Pliocene)
2.3.8.4 Marbel Formation (Pliocene)

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GMRP, Volume 1: Geology Edited by: Aurelio and Peña Table of Contents

2.3.8.5 Kilada Formation (Pleistocene)

2.3.8.6 Omanay Marl (Pleistocene)
2.3.9 SARANGGANI PENINSULA (SG 28)
2.3.9.1 Malita Formation (Early Miocene?)
2.3.9.2 Latian Limestone (Early Miocene)
2.3.9.3 Pangyan Formation (Early to Middle Miocene)
2.3.9.4 Glan Formation (Middle Miocene)
2.3.9.5 Sulop Formation (Late Miocene)
2.3.9.6 Buayan Formation (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)
2.3.9.7 Gumasa Formation (Pliocene to Pleistocene)
2.3.9.8 Balut Volcano

2.3.10 PUJADA PENINSULA (SG 27)

2.3.10.1 Pujada Ophiolite (Cretaceous)
2.3.10.1.1 Ansuwang Amphibolite
2.3.10.1.2 Magpapangi Greenschist
2.3.10.1.3 Surop Peridotite
2.3.10.1.4 Nagas Peridotite
2.3.10.1.5 Matalao Gabbro
2.3.10.1.6 Lumao Diabase
2.3.10.1.7 Kalunasan Basalt
2.3.10.1.8 Iba Formation (Late Cretaceous)
2.3.10.2 Basiaw Limestone (Eocene?)
2.3.10.3 Sanghay Formation (Eocene)
2.3.10.4 Sigaboy Formation (Late Pliocene – Early Pleistocene)
2.3.10.5 Maco Limestone (Late Pleistocene)

CHAPTER 2 References 371- 391

CHAPTER 2 Stratigraphic Columns

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