Research Methodology

December 17, 2019

 Research Paper Review1 .

1 INTRODUCTION
Research paper Review of structural behaviour and new designs in hollow con-
crete columns using GFRP reinforcement.

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 Research Paper Review2 .

2 Questions and Answers

Question 1
What makes the problem susceptible to research? Is the research problem
clearly stated?
Answer 1
The things which makes sensitive to research are following below. (a) where
research intrudes into the private sphere or delves into some deeply personal
experience. (b) where the study is concerned with deviance or social control.
(c) where the study impinges on the vested interests of powerful persons or the
exercise of coercion or domination. (d) where the research deals with things
that are sacred to those being studied that they do not wish profaned. Re-
search problem: A research problem is a statement about an area of concern,
a condition to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling ques-
tion that exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to
the need for meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation. In some
social science disciplines, the research problem is typically posed in the form
of a question. A research problem does not state how to do something, offer a
vague or broad proposition, or present a value question. In the paper of (Hollow
concrete columns: Review of structural behaviour and new designs using GFRP
reinforcement) the problem of research is not defined in absolute manner. Many
experimental studies have been conducted to investigate the behaviour of HCCs
under different loading conditions and found that the structural performance of
HCCs is critically affected by many design parameters. Based on past research
data researcher just try to analyse HCCs with GFRP reinforcement.

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 Research Paper Review3 .
Question 2
Has related literature been surveyed extensively? Does review of related
literature reveal a deviance / familiarity with relevant theories in the field,
reports, records, and other relevant literature?
Answer 2
Literature survey is based on Source of literature and awareness index of
literature.
Source of literature
1 open access
2 INDEST Arrangement
3 peer sharing sources like academia.edu,etc.
The literature awareness index is defined as how many times it has refereed
by other successful journalist. Some of the awareness index are listed below,
1 journal impact factor
2 citation index
3 H-index, etc.
In this paper critically reviews the different design parameters that affect the
performance of HCCs and identifies new opportunities for the safe design and
effective use of this construction system. Moreover, the use of GFRP bars as
reinforcement in hollow concrete columns is explored with the aim of developing
a non-corroding and structurally reliable construction system. So, based on this
data this literature has been surveyed extensively and also familiar with relevant
theories.

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 Research Paper Review4 .
Question 3
Is there an appropriate rationale for conducting this Study?
Answer 3
These research is based on HCCs with GFRP reinforcement. HCCs is crit-
ically affected by many design parameters. If not designed properly, HCCs
exhibit brittle failure behaviour, due to longitudinal bars buckling or the con-
crete wall failing in shear. In addition, the corrosion of steel bars has become
an issue in reinforced-concrete structures. also, it has been used in heavy struc-
ture project Therefore, it is necessary to check behaviour of column In different
condition. So, it has become appropriate study.

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 Research Paper Review5 .
Question 4
Give details related to (1) Research Design adopted in the paper 2) Objec-
tives in the paper 3) Methodology in the paper 4) Techniques and Tools of Data
Collection 5) Findings and their implications for future research.
Answer 4
Research Design adopted in the paper.
In this paper the author is conducting compression study between two differ-
ent members.one is HCCs and second is GFRP. This study reviews the state-of-
the-art in HCCs to identify the effect of the main design parameters influencing
the structural behaviour of HCCs and determines the general structural issues
associated with steel reinforced HCCs. Moreover, this review study addresses
the challenges affecting the durability and sustainability of the existing steel-
reinforced concrete columns. In addition, the fundamental behaviour of concrete
columns internally reinforced with glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars
is analysed to explore the potential of using these materials to overcome the
structural and environmental issues of steel reinforced HCCs
* Objectives in the paper
HCC behaviour and design parameters.
Concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars.
GFRP bars as reinforcement for HCCs.

* Methodology in the paper

Stress and strain behaviour
Volumetric ratio and spacing between two bars
Inner to outer diameter ratio
Effect of density and load capacity
Concrete compressive strength
Slenderness and geometry
* Techniques and Tools of Data Collection
1) Abstracting database
• INSPEC AND COMPENDEX
• PUBMED
• MATHSCINET
2) Citation Information
• Thomson ISI/Web service (www.isiknoweldge.com)
• SciFinder (www.cas.com)
• Scopus (www.scopus.com)
• Scitation (scitation.aip.org)
* Findings and their implications for future research
• The effects of different design parameters have been well investigated and
studied for HCCs with steel reinforcement. Some techniques have also been sug-
gested to improve the performance and enhance the ductility of HCCs, including
the use of multilayer of reinforced HCCs.

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 Research Paper Review6 .
Question 5
Mechanics of the research report (format of the research paper) – Layout
and Style of documentation
Answer 5
1. Prepare the figures and tables.
2. Write the Methods.
3. Write up the Results.
4. Write the Discussion. Finalize the Results and Discussion before writing the
introduction.
5. Write a clear Conclusion.
6. Write a compelling introduction.
7. Write the Abstract.
8. Compose a concise and descriptive Title.

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 Research Paper Review7 .
Question 6
Role played by technology in conducting the research.
Answer 6
Technology is the backbone of any research project. It has play vital role to
analyse project in different aspects.
In research area we define solution of problem, it could be based on how
much effort can reduce to the person when it uses them. This solution is our
new technology for particular problem.
Technology is not only to create new machines or software etc. it can be
defined as
“The things which condense the effort with providing simple interpretation of
setbacks is called as technology.”
In the research paper of structural behaviour of hollow concrete column with
using GFRP reinforcement role play by technology is given below
Design and analysis done by using different software. Strength and ductile
test have been done by various mechanisms and laboratory machinery. In this
system may provide a better solution than wrapping the outer surface of steel-
reinforced HCCs with FRP or using the double-skin tube system, because it
will totally eliminate the corrosion issue and be a more effective for construction
method.

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 Research Paper Review8 .
Question 7
conclusion of the researcher.
Answer 7
This basic review on hollow concrete columns identified the critical design
parameters and their structural performance under different loading conditions.
The challenges and opportunities in using GFRP reinforcement in this type of
construction system were also critically analysed by using different approach.
Preliminary investigations indicate that GFRP-reinforced hollow concrete
columns will benefit from the high strength and strain capacities of GFRP bars.
This new construction system has exhibited higher strength and ductility than
steel-reinforced columns due to the better stress distribution within the hollow
concrete wall, leading to a significant enhancement in overall performance.
The outcomes of this review also point to opportunities and new research
areas that can be explored to further understand how the critical design pa-
rameters affect the structural performance of GFRPreinforced hollow concrete
columns. Moreover, the behaviour of GFRPreinforced hollow concrete columns
under the different loading conditions in which this construction system is heav-
ily used should be investigated. The results of these investigations will be useful
in revealing the many benefits of this new construction system and to provide
useful information to support the work of the technical committees engaged in
the development of standards and design provisions for GFRP-reinforced con-
crete columns.

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