State reduction Using Implication Chart Method

Step-1 State Table

S. Present State Next State Output
No.
W=0 W=1 (Z)

1 A E E 1

2 B C E 1

3 C I H 0

4 D H A 1

5 E I F 0

6 F E G 0

7 G H B 1

8 H C D 0

9 I F B 1
 Step-2 Implication Chart

B C-E

E-H C-H
D
E-A E-A

E H-F

I-E I-E
F
H-G F-G

E-H C-H
G A-B
E-B E-B

I-C I-C E-C

H
H-D F-D G-D

E-F C-F H-F

I H-F
E-B E-B A-B

A B C D E F G H
 Step-3 Modified Implication Chart

B C-E

E-H C-H
D
E-A E-A

E H-F

I-E I-E
F
H-G F-G

E-H C-H
G A-B
E-B E–B

I-C I-C E-C

H
H-D F-D G-D

E-F C–F H-F

I H-F
E-B E–B A-B

A B C D E F G H
 Step-3 Modified Implication Chart

B C-E

E-H C-H
D
E-A E-A

E H-F

I-E I-E
F
H-G F-G

E-H C-H
G A-B
E-B E–B

I-C I-C E-C

H
H-D F-D G-D

E-F C–F H-F

I H-F
E-B E–B A-B

A B C D E F G H
 Step-4 Remaining Combinations
A–B C–E D–G F–H
Step-5 Modified State Table based on Remaining
Combinations
S. Present State Next State Output
No.
W=0 W=1 (Z)

1 A E C E C 1

2 B A C E C 1

3 C I D H F 0

4 D H F A 1

5 E C I D F 0

6 F E C G D 0

7 G D H F B A 1

8 H F C D 0

9 I D F B A 1
 Step-6 Marking of repeating rows

S. Present State Next State Output

No.
W=0 W=1 (Z)

1 A E C E C 1

2 B A C E C 1

3 C I D H F 0

4 D H F A 1

5 E C I D F 0

6 F E C G D 0

7 G D H F B A 1

8 H F C D 0

9 I D F B A 1
 Step-7 Deletion of repeating rows

S. Present State Next State Output

No.
W=0 W=1 (Z)

1 A E C E C 1

3 C I D H F 0

4 D H F A 1

6 F E C G D 0

Step-8 Final state table

S. Present State Next State Output

No.
W=0 W=1 (Z)

1 A C C 1

3 C D F 0

4 D F A 1

6 F C D 0