Exercises Section 1.

1 – Volumes Using Cross-Sections

1. The solid lies between planes perpendicular to the x-axis at x = 0 and x = 4. The cross-sections
perpendicular to the axis on the interval 0  x  4 are squares whose diagonals run from the
parabola y   x to the parabola y  x . Find the volume of the solid.

2. The solid lies between planes perpendicular to the x-axis at x = 1 and x = 1. The cross-sections
perpendicular to the x-axis are circular whose diameters run from the parabola y  x 2 to the
parabola y  2  x2 . Find the volume of the solid.

3. The solid lies between planes perpendicular to the x-axis at x = 1 and x = 1. The cross-sections
perpendicular to the axis between these planes are squares whose bases run from the semicircle
y   1  x 2 to the semicircle y  1  x 2 . Find the volume of the solid.

4. The base of a solid is the region between the curve y  2 sin x and the interval [0, ] on the x-axis.
The cross-sections perpendicular to the x-axis are
a) Equilateral triangles with bases running from the x-axis to the curve as shown
b) Squares with bases running from the x-axis to the curve.
Find the volume of the solid.

12
5. The base of the solid is the disk x2  y 2  1 . The cross-sections by planes perpendicular to the y-
axis between y = 1 and y = 1 are isosceles right triangles with one leg in the disk.

6. Find the volume of the given tetrahedron. (Hint: Consider slices perpendicular to one of the labeled
edges)

7. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by y  x 2 and the lines y =
0, x = 2 about the x-axis.

8. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by y  x  x 2 and the line y
= 0 about the x-axis.

9. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by y  cos x and the lines
0 x , y  0, x  0 about the x-axis.
2

10. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by y  sec x and the lines
y  0, x    , x   about the x-axis.
4 4

11. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by x  5 y 2 and the lines
x  0, y  1, y  1 about the y-axis.

13
12. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by x  2sin 2 y and the

lines 0  y   , x  0 about the y-axis.

2

13. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by y  2 x and the lines
y  2, x  0 about the x-axis.

14. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by y  sec x, y  tan x
and the lines x  0, x  1 about the x-axis.

15. You are designing a wok frying pan that will be shaped like a spherical bowl with handles. A bit of
experimentation at home persuades you that you can get one that hold about 3 L if you make it 9 cm
deep and give the sphere a radius of 16 cm. To be sure, you picture the wok as a solid of revolution,
and calculate its volume with an integral. To the nearest cubic centimeter, what volume do you


really get? 1 L  1, 000 cm3 

16. Find the volume of a solid ball having radius a.

14
Solution Section 1.1 – Volumes Using Cross-Sections

Exercise
The solid lies between planes perpendicular to the x-axis at x = 0 and x = 4. The cross-sections
perpendicular to the axis on the interval 0  x  4 are squares whose diagonals run from the parabola
y   x to the parabola y  x . Find the volume of the solid.

Solution

A  x   1  diagonal 
2
2

  
2
1 x  x
2

 
2
1 2 x
2
 1  4x
2
 2x a  0, b  4;

b
V

a
A  x  dx

4

0
2xdx

4
  x 2 
 0

 42  0
 16

1
Exercise
The solid lies between planes perpendicular to the x-axis at x = 1 and x = 1. The cross-sections
perpendicular to the x-axis are circular whose diameters run from the parabola y  x 2 to the parabola
y  2  x2 . Find the volume of the solid.

Solution

y  2  x2  x2  2 x2  2  x2  1  x  1

 
2
A  x     diameter    2  x 2  x 2
2
4 4

4  
2
  2 1  x2

  4 1  2x 2  x 4 
4

  1  2 x 2  x 4  a  1, b  1;

b
V

a
A  x  dx

1

1
 
 1  2x 2  x 4 dx

1
   x  2 x3  1 x5 
 3 5  1

 
   1  2 1  1 1
3 5
3 5
   1  23  1 3
5 
1  15 


  
   1  2  1  1  2  1 
 3 5 3 5  
 2 1  2  1 
3 5

 16
15

2
Exercise
The solid lies between planes perpendicular to the x-axis at x = 1 and x = 1. The cross-sections
perpendicular to the axis between these planes are squares whose bases run from the semicircle
y   1  x 2 to the semicircle y  1  x 2 . Find the volume of the solid.

Solution

A  x   1  diagonal 
2
2
2
  
 1  1  x2    1  x2  
2  
2
 
 1  2 1  x2 
2 


 2 1  x2  a  1, b  1;

b
V

a
A  x  dx

1

1

2 1  x 2 dx 
1
 2  x  1 x3 
 3  1

  3  
 2  1  1 13   1  1  1 
3
3
 
 3
 4 1 1

8
3

3
Exercise
The base of a solid is the region between the curve y  2 sin x and the interval [0, ] on the x-axis. The
cross-sections perpendicular to the x-axis are
a) Equilateral triangles with bases running from the x-axis to the curve as shown

b) Squares with bases running from the x-axis to the curve.

Find the volume of the solid.
Solution

a) A  x   1  side  side   sin  Equilateral triangle   

2 3 3


 1 2 sin x
2  2 
 
sin x  3 
 2 
 3 sin x a  0, b   ;


V 3
 0
sin xdx


 3   cos x 
0
  3 cos   cos 0

2 3

 
2
b) A  x    side   2 sin x
2
 4sin x a  0, b   ;

V 4
0
sin xdx


 4   cos x 
0
 4 cos   cos 0

8

4
Exercise
The base of the solid is the disk x2  y 2  1 . The cross-sections by planes perpendicular to the y-axis
between y = 1 and y = 1 are isosceles right triangles with one leg in the disk.

Solution

x2  y 2  1  x2  1  y 2  x   1  y 2
2
  
A  x   1  leg  leg   1  1  y 2    1  y 2  
2 2  
2
 
 1 2 1  y 2 
2 


 2 1  y2  c  1, d  1;

d
V

c
A  y  dy

1

1

2 1  y 2 dy 
1
 2  y  1 y3 
 3  1

  3  
 2  1  1 13   1  1  1 
3
3
 
 3
 4 1 1

8
3

5
Exercise
Find the volume of the given tetrahedron. (Hint: Consider slices perpendicular to one of the labeled edges)

Solution

Let consider the slices perpendicular to edge labeled 5 are triangles.

height h 3
By similar triangles, we have:    h  3b
base b 4 4

The equation of the line through (5, 0) and (0, 4) is: y  4 0 ( x  0)  4  y   4 x  4

0 5 5

Therefore, the length of the base: b   4 x  4

5

4 4 5 
h  3b  3 4 x4  3 x3
5 
2 2 
A  x   1  base    height   1  4 x  4  3 x  3
5  5 

 1 12 x 2  24 x  12
2 25 5 
 6 x 2  12 x  5
25 5

b
V
 
a
A x dx

5


0
6 x 2  12 x  5 dx
25 5 
5
  2 x3  6 x 2  5 x 
 25 5 0

  2  5  6  5  5  5
3 2
 25 5 
 10